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Gill LT, Kennedy JR, Box ICH, Marshall KE. Ice in the intertidal: patterns and processes of freeze tolerance in intertidal invertebrates. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb247043. [PMID: 39051142 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.247043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Many intertidal invertebrates are freeze tolerant, meaning that they can survive ice formation within their body cavity. Freeze tolerance is a fascinating trait, and understanding its mechanisms is important for predicting the survival of intertidal animals during extreme cold weather events. In this Review, we bring together current research on the ecology, biochemistry and physiology of this group of freeze-tolerant organisms. We first introduce the ecology of the intertidal zone, then highlight the strong geographic and taxonomic biases within the current body of literature on this topic. Next, we detail current knowledge on the mechanisms of freeze tolerance used by intertidal invertebrates. Although the mechanisms of freeze tolerance in terrestrial arthropods have been well-explored, marine invertebrate freeze tolerance is less well understood and does not appear to work similarly because of the osmotic differences that come with living in seawater. Freeze tolerance mechanisms thought to be utilized by intertidal invertebrates include: (1) low molecular weight cryoprotectants, such as compatible osmolytes and anaerobic by-products; (2) high molecular weight cryoprotectants, such as ice-binding proteins; as well as (3) other molecular mechanisms involving heat shock proteins and aquaporins. Lastly, we describe untested hypotheses, methods and approaches that researchers can use to fill current knowledge gaps. Understanding the mechanisms and consequences of freeze tolerance in the intertidal zone has many important ecological implications, but also provides an opportunity to broaden our understanding of the mechanisms of freeze tolerance more generally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren T Gill
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Jessica R Kennedy
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, Institute of Marine Science, University of Auckland, Warkworth, 0985, New Zealand
| | - Isaiah C H Box
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Katie E Marshall
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Short-Term Estivation and Hibernation Induce Changes in the Blood and Circulating Hemocytes of the Apple Snail Pomacea canaliculata. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020289. [PMID: 36837908 PMCID: PMC9963190 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
States of natural dormancy include estivation and hibernation. Ampullariids are exemplary because they undergo estivation when deprived of water or hibernation when exposed to very low temperatures. Regardless of the condition, ampullariids show increased endogenous antioxidant defenses, anticipating the expected respiratory burst during reoxygenation after reactivation, known as "Preparation for Oxidative Stress (POS)". In this work, we tested the POS hypothesis for changes in the blood and hemocytes of the bimodal breather Pomacea canaliculata (Ampullariidae) induced at experimental estivation and hibernation. We described respiratory (hemocyanin, proteins, lactate), antioxidant (GSH, uric acid, SOD, CAT, GST), and immunological (hemocyte levels, ROS production) parameters. We showed that, although the protein level remains unchanged in all experimental groups, hemocyanin increases in response to estivation. Furthermore, lactate remains unchanged in challenged snails, suggesting an aerobic metabolism during short-term challenges. Blood uric acid increases during estivation and arousal from estivation or hibernation, supporting the previously proposed antioxidant role. Regarding hemocytes, we showed that the total population increases with all challenges, and granulocytes increase during hibernation. We further showed that hibernation affects ROS production by hemocytes, possibly through mitochondrial inhibition. This study contributed to the knowledge of the adaptive strategies of ampullariids to tolerate adverse environmental conditions.
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Wang S, Sun Z, Ren C, Li F, Xu Y, Wu H, Ji C. Time- and dose-dependent detoxification and reproductive endocrine disruption induced by tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 183:105839. [PMID: 36481715 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2022.105839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As a typical brominated flame retardant (BFR), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) has been frequently detected in both biotic and abiotic matrices in marine environment. Our previous study found that genes related to metabolism phase I/II/III as well as steroid metabolism in Mytilus galloprovincialis were significantly altered by TBBPA treatment. However, the time- and dose-dependent response profiles of these genes to TBBPA exposure were rarely reported. In this study, the time- and dose-dependent effects of TBBPA on detoxification and reproductive endocrine disruption in M. galloprovincialis were explored by evaluating the responses of related gene expressions, enzymatic activities and gametogenesis to different concentrations of TBBPA (0.6, 3, 15, 75 and 375 μg/L) for different durations (14, 21 and 28 days). The results showed that the TBBPA accumulation increased linearly with the increases of exposure time and dose. Cytochrome P450 family 3 (CYP3A1-like) cooperated with CYP4Y1 for phase I biotransformation of TBBPA in mussels. The dose-response curves of phase II/III genes (glutathione-S-transferase (GST), P-glycoprotein (ABCB), and multidrug resistance protein (ABCC)) showed similar response profiles to TBBPA exposure. The common induction of phase I/II/III (CYPs, GST, ABCB and ABCC) suggested TBBPA detoxification regulation in mussels probably occurred in a step-wise manner. Concurrently, direct sulfation mediated by sulfotransferases (SULTs) on TBBPA was also the vital metabolic mechanism for TBBPA detoxification, which was supported by the coincidence between up-regulation of SULT1B1 and TBBPA accumulation. The significant promotion of steroid sulfatase (STS) might result from TBBPA-sulfate catalyzed by SULT1B1 due to its chemical similarity to estrone-sulfate. Furthermore, the promotion of gametogenesis was consistent with the induction of STS, suggesting that STS might interrupt steroids hydrolysis process and was responsible for reproductive endocrine disruption in M. galloprovincialis. This study provides a better understanding of the detoxification and endocrine-disrupting mechanisms of TBBPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Zuodeng Sun
- Shandong Fisheries Development and Resource Conservation Center, Ji'nan, 250013, PR China
| | - Chuanbo Ren
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Yingjiang Xu
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai, 264006, PR China
| | - Huifeng Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
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4
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Vodiasova EA, Meger YV, Lantushenko AO. Identification and characterization of the novel genes encoding glutathione S-transferases in Mytilus galloprovincialis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2021; 40:100926. [PMID: 34743056 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2021.100926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The superfamily of glutathione S-transferases (GST) plays an essential role in the xenobiotic metabolism, binding compounds to the glutathione, and is like a cell protector during the influence of various negative external factors. Nevertheless, there are very few works devoted to the investigation of these genes in marine invertebrates. Up to this time, only three classes of cytosolic GSTs for one of the leading commercial molluscs Mytilus galloprovincialis were described. We sequenced the whole transcriptome from the gill tissues and, using bioinformatic analysis, detected ten classes of glutathione S-transferases, which are expressed in the mussel M. galloprovincialis. For the first time, two subfamilies were described: mitochondrial GST (kappa class) and microsomal (MAPEG), as well as five classes of the family of cytosolic GSTs (mu, omega, rho, tau, theta). Omega and sigma GST classes might be rapidly regulated genes due to the lack of introns and this assumption was confirmed by the investigation of short-term hypoxia on M. galloprovincialis. Seven new classes of GST revealed a greater gene variety of this detoxifying enzyme in mussels than expected. The obtained nucleotide sequences are necessary for future investigations of GSTs expression in response to various external factors (pollution, oxygen starvation, infection, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Vodiasova
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity and Functional Genomics, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Lenninsky ave, 38, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Y V Meger
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biophysics, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol 299053, Russia.
| | - A O Lantushenko
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biophysics, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol 299053, Russia
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5
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Montory JA, Chaparro OR, Salas-Yanquin LP, Büchner-Miranda JA, Pechenik JA, Cubillos VM. Impact of Intertidal Distribution on the Physiological Performance of the Filter-Feeder Bivalve Perumytilus purpuratus (Bivalvia, Mytilidae) from Southern Chile. MALACOLOGIA 2021. [DOI: 10.4002/040.064.0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oscar R. Chaparro
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Luis P. Salas-Yanquin
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | | | - Jan A. Pechenik
- Biology Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, U.S.A
| | - Victor M. Cubillos
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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Dou M, Lu C, Rao W. Bioinspired materials and technology for advanced cryopreservation. Trends Biotechnol 2021; 40:93-106. [PMID: 34238601 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cryopreservation can help to meet the demand for biosamples of high medical value. However, it remains difficult to effectively cryopreserve some sensitive cells, tissues, and reproductive organs. A coordinated effort from the perspective of the whole frozen biological system is necessary to advance cryopreservation technology. Animals that survive in cold temperatures, such as hibernators and cold-tolerant insects, offer excellent natural models. Their anti-cold strategies, such as programmed suppression of metabolism and the synthesis of cryoprotectants (CPAs), warrant systematic study. Furthermore, the discovery and synthesis of metabolism-regulating and cryoprotective biomaterials, combined with biotechnological breakthroughs, can also promote the development of cryopreservation. Further advances in the quality and duration of biosample storage inspired by nature will promote the application of cryopreserved biosamples in clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjia Dou
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Engineering Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Chennan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wei Rao
- Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cryo-Biomedical Engineering, Beijing, 100190, China; School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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7
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Kennedy JR, Harley CDG, Marshall KE. Drivers of plasticity in freeze tolerance in the intertidal mussel Mytilus trossulus. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb233478. [PMID: 33214314 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.233478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Freezing is an extreme stress to living cells, and so freeze-tolerant animals often accumulate protective molecules (termed cryoprotectants) to prevent the cellular damage caused by freezing. The bay mussel, Mytilus trossulus, is an ecologically important intertidal invertebrate that can survive freezing. Although much is known about the biochemical correlates of freeze tolerance in insects and vertebrates, the cryoprotectants that are used by intertidal invertebrates are not well characterized. Previous work has proposed two possible groups of low-molecular weight cryoprotectants in intertidal invertebrates: osmolytes and anaerobic byproducts. In our study, we examined which group of candidate cryoprotectants correlate with plasticity in freeze tolerance in mussels using 1H NMR metabolomics. We found that the freeze tolerance of M. trossulus varies on a seasonal basis, along an intertidal shore-level gradient, and with changing salinity. Acclimation to increased salinity (30 ppt compared with 15 ppt) increased freeze tolerance, and mussels were significantly more freeze tolerant during the winter. Mussel freeze tolerance also increased with increasing shore level. There was limited evidence that anaerobic byproduct accumulation was associated with increased freeze tolerance. However, osmolyte accumulation was correlated with increased freeze tolerance after high salinity acclimation and in the winter. The concentration of most low molecular weight metabolites did not vary with shore level, indicating that another mechanism is likely responsible for this pattern of variation in freeze tolerance. By identifying osmolytes as a group of molecules that assist in freezing tolerance, we have expanded the known biochemical repertoire of the mechanisms of freeze tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Kennedy
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Christopher D G Harley
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
- Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
| | - Katie E Marshall
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4
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8
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Liu S, Wang W, Liu Y, Cao W, Yuan P, Li J, Song X, Wang L, Song L. Protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK) regulates autophagy of hemocytes in antiviral immunity of Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY REPORTS 2020; 1:100002. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsirep.2020.100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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9
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Pechenik JA, Chaparro OR, Lazarus ZM, Tellado GV, Ostapovich EM, Clark D. Impact of short-term elevated temperature stress on winter-acclimated individuals of the marine gastropod Crepidula fornicata. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 162:105180. [PMID: 33126112 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The intertidal zone is an especially stressful thermal habitat, typically exposing residents to air temperatures for up to 6 h at a time, twice daily. Tolerance to elevated temperatures has been particularly well-studied for a variety of intertidal species, especially with regard to upper thermal limits during summers. However, in recent years, as climates have been changing around the world, temperate zone intertidal organisms have sometimes been exposed to periods of unusually high air temperatures during the winter. The present study sought to examine the impact of elevated temperatures on survival and clearance rates of winter-acclimated intertidal individuals of the sedentary marine suspension-feeding gastropod Crepidula fornicata. Individuals were collected intertidally from Nahant, Massachusetts from late January to early April each year for 5 years, maintained in the laboratory at the acclimation temperature of 6 °C, and exposed in the laboratory for 3 h to temperatures as high as 37 °C in seawater either once or twice, 24 h apart. Although mean clearance rates were substantially reduced for at least the next 12-24 h after individuals were returned to the 6 °C control condition following exposures to elevated temperatures as low as 21-26 °C, we saw little mortality even following two 3 h exposures to 35 °C, or single exposures to 37 °C. Mortality was substantial, however, in one experiment following a double exposure to 37 °C. Smaller individuals (~5-12 mm in shell length) were somewhat more sensitive to the thermal stress than adults were. Intertidal members of C. fornicata in Massachusetts seem well-prepared to deal with the increasing range of winter air temperatures associated with the global climate confusion predicted for future years. Additional studies will be required to understand the physiological and biochemical mechanisms used by winter-acclimated individuals of this species to tolerate such periodic substantial temperature increases of 29-31 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan A Pechenik
- Biology Department, Tufts University, 200 College Ave., Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
| | | | - Zoe M Lazarus
- Biology Department, Tufts University, 200 College Ave., Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Grace V Tellado
- Biology Department, Tufts University, 200 College Ave., Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Emma M Ostapovich
- Biology Department, Tufts University, 200 College Ave., Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Daria Clark
- Biology Department, Tufts University, 200 College Ave., Medford, MA, 02155, USA
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Zhang J, Hadj-Moussa H, Storey KB. Marine periwinkle stress-responsive microRNAs: A potential factor to reflect anoxia and freezing survival adaptations. Genomics 2020; 112:4385-4398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Hadj-Moussa H, Storey KB. The OxymiR response to oxygen limitation: a comparative microRNA perspective. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:223/10/jeb204594. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.204594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
From squid at the bottom of the ocean to humans at the top of mountains, animals have adapted to diverse oxygen-limited environments. Surviving these challenging conditions requires global metabolic reorganization that is orchestrated, in part, by microRNAs that can rapidly and reversibly target all biological functions. Herein, we review the involvement of microRNAs in natural models of anoxia and hypoxia tolerance, with a focus on the involvement of oxygen-responsive microRNAs (OxymiRs) in coordinating the metabolic rate depression that allows animals to tolerate reduced oxygen levels. We begin by discussing animals that experience acute or chronic periods of oxygen deprivation at the ocean's oxygen minimum zone and go on to consider more elevated environments, up to mountain plateaus over 3500 m above sea level. We highlight the commonalities and differences between OxymiR responses of over 20 diverse animal species, including invertebrates and vertebrates. This is followed by a discussion of the OxymiR adaptations, and maladaptations, present in hypoxic high-altitude environments where animals, including humans, do not enter hypometabolic states in response to hypoxia. Comparing the OxymiR responses of evolutionarily disparate animals from diverse environments allows us to identify species-specific and convergent microRNA responses, such as miR-210 regulation. However, it also sheds light on the lack of a single unified response to oxygen limitation. Characterizing OxymiRs will help us to understand their protective roles and raises the question of whether they can be exploited to alleviate the pathogenesis of ischemic insults and boost recovery. This Review takes a comparative approach to addressing such possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanane Hadj-Moussa
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1S 5B6
| | - Kenneth B. Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1S 5B6
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Liu S, Wang W, Ge W, Lv X, Han Z, Li Y, Wang L, Song L. An activating transcription factor 6 beta (ATF6β) regulates apoptosis of hemocyte during immune response in Crassostrea gigas. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 99:442-451. [PMID: 32084540 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The homeostasis of immune cells during immune response is vital for hosts to defend against invaders. Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) is an important transcription factor in the unfolded protein response (UPR) to maintaining cellular homeostasis. In the present study, one ATF6 homologue was identified from Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (designated as CgATF6β). The full length cDNA of CgATF6β was of 2645 bp with a 1596 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide of 531 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of CgATF6β was predicted to contain a transmembrane region, a conserved basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain, a site 1 protease cleavage site, a site 2 protease cleavage site, and a Golgi localization signal. CgATF6β mRNA was constitutively expressed in hemocytes, gill, mantle, gonad, hepatopancreas and labial palp, with a slightly higher expression level in muscle (2.45-fold of that in gill, p < 0.05). After oysters were challenged with Vibrio splendidus, the mRNA expression levels of CgATF6β in hemocytes were significantly up-regulated at 3 h (2.68-fold of that in seawater group, p < 0.01) and peaked at 12 h (3.14-fold of that in seawater group, p < 0.01). The endogenic CgATF6β protein was mainly located in the cytoplasm of oyster hemocytes, and it was significantly transported into the nuclei of hemocytes at 1.5 h after the challenge with V. splendidus. After an injection with CgATF6β dsRNA, the mRNA expression of CgATF6β was knocked down to 0.26-fold of that in dsGFP group (p < 0.01). In CgATF6β dsRNA-injected oysters, the mRNA expressions of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), calnexin (CNX) and anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) in hemocytes were significantly decreased at 12 h after V. splendidus challenge, which were 0.65-fold (p < 0.01), 0.54-fold (p < 0.01) and 0.17-fold (p < 0.01) of that in dsGFP-injected oysters, while the apoptotic rate of hemocytes was significantly up-regulated (1.97-fold of that in dsGFP group, p < 0.05). Collectively, these results suggested that CgATF6β was involved in apoptosis inhibition of oyster hemocytes upon V. splendidus challenge by regulating the expression of CgGRP78, CgCNX and CgBcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning of Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning of Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Wenjing Ge
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning of Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xiaojing Lv
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning of Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zirong Han
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning of Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yinan Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Liaoning of Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning of Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Linsheng Song
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266235, China; Liaoning of Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Immunology & Disease Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, China.
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Maltseva AL, Varfolomeeva MA, Lobov AA, Tikanova P, Panova M, Mikhailova NA, Granovitch AI. Proteomic similarity of the Littorinid snails in the evolutionary context. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8546. [PMID: 32095363 PMCID: PMC7024583 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The introduction of DNA-based molecular markers made a revolution in biological systematics. However, in cases of very recent divergence events, the neutral divergence may be too slow, and the analysis of adaptive part of the genome is more informative to reconstruct the recent evolutionary history of young species. The advantage of proteomics is its ability to reflect the biochemical machinery of life. It may help both to identify rapidly evolving genes and to interpret their functions. METHODS Here we applied a comparative gel-based proteomic analysis to several species from the gastropod family Littorinidae. Proteomes were clustered to assess differences related to species, geographic location, sex and body part, using data on presence/absence of proteins in samples and data on protein occurrence frequency in samples of different species. Cluster support was assessed using multiscale bootstrap resampling and the stability of clustering-using cluster-wise index of cluster stability. Taxon-specific protein markers were derived using IndVal method. Proteomic trees were compared to consensus phylogenetic tree (based on neutral genetic markers) using estimates of the Robinson-Foulds distance, the Fowlkes-Mallows index and cophenetic correlation. RESULTS Overall, the DNA-based phylogenetic tree and the proteomic similarity tree had consistent topologies. Further, we observed some interesting deviations of the proteomic littorinid tree from the neutral expectations. (1) There were signs of molecular parallelism in two Littoraria species that phylogenetically are quite distant, but live in similar habitats. (2) Proteome divergence was unexpectedly high between very closely related Littorina fabalis and L. obtusata, possibly reflecting their ecology-driven divergence. (3) Conservative house-keeping proteins were usually identified as markers for cryptic species groups ("saxatilis" and "obtusata" groups in the Littorina genus) and for genera (Littoraria and Echinolittorina species pairs), while metabolic enzymes and stress-related proteins (both potentially adaptively important) were often identified as markers supporting species branches. (4) In all five Littorina species British populations were separated from the European mainland populations, possibly reflecting their recent phylogeographic history. Altogether our study shows that proteomic data, when interpreted in the context of DNA-based phylogeny, can bring additional information on the evolutionary history of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arina L. Maltseva
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina A. Varfolomeeva
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Arseniy A. Lobov
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Regenerative Biomedicine, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Polina Tikanova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Marina Panova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Marine Sciences, Tjärnö, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Natalia A. Mikhailova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Centre of Cell Technologies, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrei I. Granovitch
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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14
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Dallinger R, Zerbe O, Baumann C, Egger B, Capdevila M, Palacios Ò, Albalat R, Calatayud S, Ladurner P, Schlick-Steiner BC, Steiner FM, Pedrini-Martha V, Lackner R, Lindner H, Dvorak M, Niederwanger M, Schnegg R, Atrian S. Metallomics reveals a persisting impact of cadmium on the evolution of metal-selective snail metallothioneins. Metallomics 2020; 12:702-720. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00259f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The tiny contribution of cadmium (Cd) to the composition of the earth's crust contrasts with its high biological significance. We suggest that in gastropod clades, the protein family of metallothioneins (MTs) has evolved to specifically detoxify Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhard Dallinger
- Department of Zoology
- University of Innsbruck
- Austria
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck
- Austria
| | - Oliver Zerbe
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Zürich
- Switzerland
| | | | | | - Mercé Capdevila
- Departament de Química
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Òscar Palacios
- Departament de Química
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
- Spain
| | | | | | - Peter Ladurner
- Department of Zoology
- University of Innsbruck
- Austria
- Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck
- Austria
| | | | | | | | | | - Herbert Lindner
- Division of Clinical Biochemistry
- Innsbruck Medical University
- Austria
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15
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Schmielau L, Dvorak M, Niederwanger M, Dobieszewski N, Pedrini-Martha V, Ladurner P, Pedregal JRG, Maréchal JD, Dallinger R. Differential response to Cadmium exposure by expression of a two and a three-domain metallothionein isoform in the land winkle Pomatias elegans: Valuating the marine heritage of a land snail. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 648:561-571. [PMID: 30121534 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Through evolution, marine snails have adapted several times independently to terrestrial life. A prime example for such transitions is the adaptation to terrestrial conditions in members of the gastropod clade of Littorinoidea (Caenogastropoda). Some species of this lineage like the periwinkle (Littorina littorea), live in intertidal habitats, where they are intermittently exposed to semi-terrestrial conditions. Pomatias elegans is a close relative of Littorina littorea that has successfully colonized terrestrial habitats. Evolutionary transitions from marine to terrestrial conditions have often been fostered in marine ancestors by acquisition of physiological pre-adaptations to terrestrial life. Such pre-adaptations are based, among others, on the optimization of a wide repertoire of stress resistance mechanisms, such as the expression of metal inactivating metallothioneins (MTs). The objective of our study was to explore the Cd handling strategy in the terrestrial snail Pomatias elegans in comparison to that observed previously in Littorina littorea. After Cd exposure, the metal is accumulated mainly in the midgut gland of Pomatias elegans, in a similar way as in its marine relative. Upon Cd exposure, Pomatias elegans expresses Cd-specific MTs, as also described from Littorina littorea. In contrast to the latter species, however, the detoxification of Cd in Pomatias elegans is mediated by two different MT isoforms, one two-domain and one three-domain MT. Although the MT proteins of both species are homologous and clearly originate from one common ancestor, the three-domain MT isoform of Pomatias elegans has evolved independently from the three-domain MT of its marine counterpart, probably by addition of a third domain to the pre-existing two-domain MT. Obviously, the occurrence of homologous MT structures in both species is a hereditary character, whereas the differentiation into two distinct MT isoforms with different upregulation capacities in Pomatias elegans is an adaptive feature that probably emerged upon transition to life on land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Schmielau
- Department of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Martin Dvorak
- Department of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Niederwanger
- Department of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Nicole Dobieszewski
- Department of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Veronika Pedrini-Martha
- Department of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Peter Ladurner
- Department of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Jean-Didier Maréchal
- Insilichem, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Department of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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16
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Diz AP, Álvarez-Rodríguez M, Romero MR, Rolán-Alvarez E, Galindo J. Limited proteomic response in the marine snail Melarhaphe neritoides after long-term emersion. Curr Zool 2018; 63:487-493. [PMID: 29492008 PMCID: PMC5804206 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zow110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rocky intertidal organisms are commonly exposed to environmental gradients, promoting adaptations to these conditions. Emersion time varies along the intertidal range and in the supralittoral zone is frequently larger than a single tidal cycle, even lasting for weeks. The planktonic-dispersing gastropod Melarhaphe neritoides is a common species of the high shore, adapted to reduce water loss in order to survive during long-term emersion. In this study, we investigated the molecular response, at the proteome level, of M. neritoides collected in high-shore tide pools to a series of emersion periods, from 8 to 24 days, in laboratory conditions. We compared this response to individuals maintained submerged during this period, because this was their original habitat. We also included a reversion treatment in the study, in which emersed individuals were returned to the submerged conditions. Although we detected an increase in overall protein concentration with longer emersion periods, contrary to general expectation, the two dimensional electrophoresis (2DE)-based proteomic analysis did not show significant differences between the treatments at the level of individual protein spots, even after an emersion period of 24 days. Our results suggest that the metabolism remains unaltered independent of the treatment carried out or the changes are very subtle and therefore difficult to detect with our experimental design. We conclude that M. neritoides could be equally adapted to emersion and submersion without drastic physiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel P Diz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.,Toralla Marine Science Station (ECIMAT), Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36331, Spain
| | - Margarita Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.,Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, 36208, Spain
| | - Mónica R Romero
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.,Toralla Marine Science Station (ECIMAT), Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36331, Spain
| | - Emilio Rolán-Alvarez
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.,Toralla Marine Science Station (ECIMAT), Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36331, Spain
| | - Juan Galindo
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.,Toralla Marine Science Station (ECIMAT), Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36331, Spain
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17
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Andrade M, Soares A, Figueira E, Freitas R. Biochemical changes in mussels submitted to different time periods of air exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:8903-8913. [PMID: 29330822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1123-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Intertidal species face multiple stressors on a daily basis due to their particular habitat. The submergence at high tide in the aquatic environment and emergence at low tide to the aerial environment, associated with a wide variation of abiotic parameters, along with anthropogenic contamination are some of the daily stresses that these organisms are exposed to. With such a dynamic environment, organisms developed strategies that allow them to avoid or tolerate these stressors. Among these species, bivalves are some of the most hypoxia tolerant, being commonly used as a biomonitoring tool due to their capacity to accumulate pollutants from the environment and reflect the imposed toxic impacts. However, when evaluating the response ability of organisms to different stressors under laboratory conditions, it is not common to consider the fact that exposure to tides can act as a confounding factor. The present study assessed the effects of air exposure on the biochemical (metabolic capacity, energy reserves, and oxidative stress related biomarkers) performance of intertidal Mytilus galloprovincialis mussels. Specimens of M. galloprovincialis were submitted once every 24 h to different periods of air exposure (3 and 6 h) for 14 days, under constant air and seawater temperature (19 ± 1 °C). Results obtained revealed that air exposure can cause biochemical changes in mussels. The present findings demonstrated that individuals exposed to air induced superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity as mechanisms to withstand the abiotic changes while mobilizing lipid content as the principal source of energy, and increasing protein content possibly as a result of an increase in the number of antioxidant defense enzymes. Moreover, individuals under air exposure suffered higher oxidative damage while showing higher metabolic rate. Results demonstrated that longer periods of air exposure induced more injuries, since individuals emerged during 6 h presented higher oxidative stress than individuals under 3 h of air exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena Andrade
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu Soares
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Etelvina Figueira
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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18
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Benito D, Niederwanger M, Izagirre U, Dallinger R, Soto M. Successive Onset of Molecular, Cellular and Tissue-Specific Responses in Midgut Gland of Littorina littorea Exposed to Sub-Lethal Cadmium Concentrations. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18081815. [PMID: 28829377 PMCID: PMC5578201 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18081815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most harmful metals, being toxic to most animal species, including marine invertebrates. Among marine gastropods, the periwinkle (Littorina littorea) in particular can accumulate high amounts of Cd in its midgut gland. In this organ, the metal can elicit extensive cytological and tissue-specific alterations that may reach, depending on the intensity of Cd exposure, from reversible lesions to pathological cellular disruptions. At the same time, Littorina littorea expresses a Cd-specific metallothionein (MT) that, due to its molecular features, expectedly exerts a protective function against the adverse intracellular effects of this metal. The aim of the present study was, therefore, to assess the time course of MT induction in the periwinkle’s midgut gland on the one hand, and cellular and tissue-specific alterations in the digestive organ complex (midgut gland and digestive tract) on the other, upon exposure to sub-lethal Cd concentrations (0.25 and 1 mg Cd/L) over 21 days. Depending on the Cd concentrations applied, the beginning of alterations of the assessed parameters followed distinct concentration-dependent and time-dependent patterns, where the timeframe for the onset of the different response reactions became narrower at higher Cd concentrations compared to lower exposure concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Benito
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Michael Niederwanger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Urtzi Izagirre
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Institute of Zoology and Center of Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
| | - Manu Soto
- CBET Research Group, Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PiE-UPV/EHU), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Areatza Pasalekua, 48620 Plentzia-Bizkaia, Basque Country, Spain.
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19
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Baumann C, Beil A, Jurt S, Niederwanger M, Palacios O, Capdevila M, Atrian S, Dallinger R, Zerbe O. Strukturanpassung eines Proteins an Metallbelastung: NMR-Struktur eines marinen Schnecken-Metallothioneins mit einer zusätzlichen Domäne. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201611873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Baumann
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Andrea Beil
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Simon Jurt
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Schweiz
| | - Michael Niederwanger
- Institut für Zoologie und Forschungsschwerpunkt für Molekulare Biowissenschaften; Universität Innsbruck; Technikerstraße 25 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Oscar Palacios
- Departament de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Spanien
| | - Mercè Capdevila
- Departament de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Spanien
| | - Sílvia Atrian
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics; Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Spanien
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Institut für Zoologie und Forschungsschwerpunkt für Molekulare Biowissenschaften; Universität Innsbruck; Technikerstraße 25 6020 Innsbruck Österreich
| | - Oliver Zerbe
- Institut für Chemie; Universität Zürich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zürich Schweiz
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20
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Baumann C, Beil A, Jurt S, Niederwanger M, Palacios O, Capdevila M, Atrian S, Dallinger R, Zerbe O. Structural Adaptation of a Protein to Increased Metal Stress: NMR Structure of a Marine Snail Metallothionein with an Additional Domain. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4617-4622. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201611873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Baumann
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Andrea Beil
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Simon Jurt
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
| | - Michael Niederwanger
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences; University of Innsbruck; Technikerstrasse 25 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Oscar Palacios
- Departament de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Barcelona Spain
| | - Mercè Capdevila
- Departament de Química; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès Barcelona Spain
| | - Sílvia Atrian
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics; Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Av. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Reinhard Dallinger
- Institute of Zoology and Center for Molecular Biosciences; University of Innsbruck; Technikerstrasse 25 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Oliver Zerbe
- Department of Chemistry; University of Zurich; Winterthurerstrasse 190 8057 Zurich Switzerland
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21
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How widespread is preparation for oxidative stress in the animal kingdom? Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 200:64-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Fisker KV, Holmstrup M, Sørensen JG. Freezing of body fluids induces metallothionein gene expression in earthworms (Dendrobaena octaedra). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 179:44-8. [PMID: 26325206 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2015.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms activated by environmental contaminants and natural stressors such as freezing need to be investigated in order to better understand the mechanisms of interaction and potential effects that combined stressors may have on organisms. Using the freeze-tolerant earthworm Dendrobaena octaedra as model species, we exposed worms to freezing and exposure to sublethal copper in a factorial design and investigated the transcription of candidate genes for metal and cold stress. We hypothesised that both freezing and copper would induce transcription of genes coding for heat shock proteins (hsp10 and hsp70), metallothioneins (mt1 and mt2), and glutathione-S-transferase (gst), and that the combined effects of these two stressors would be additive. The gene transcripts hsp10, hsp70, and gst were significantly upregulated by freezing, but only hsp10 was upregulated by copper. We found that copper at the time of sampling had no effect on transcription of two metallothionein genes whereas transcription was strongly upregulated by freezing. Moreover, there was a significant interaction causing more than additive transcription rates of mt1 in the copper/freezing treatment suggesting that freeze-induced cellular dehydration increases the concentration of free copper ions in the cytosol. This metallothionein response to freezing is likely adaptive and possibly provides protection against freeze-induced elevated metal concentrations in the cytosol and excess ROS levels due to hypoxia during freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Vincents Fisker
- Section of Soil Fauna Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Martin Holmstrup
- Section of Soil Fauna Ecology and Ecotoxicology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark.
| | - Jesper Givskov Sørensen
- Section of Genetics, Ecology and Evolution, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 116, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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23
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Hermes-Lima M, Moreira DC, Rivera-Ingraham GA, Giraud-Billoud M, Genaro-Mattos TC, Campos ÉG. Preparation for oxidative stress under hypoxia and metabolic depression: Revisiting the proposal two decades later. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 89:1122-43. [PMID: 26408245 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.07.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Organisms that tolerate wide variations in oxygen availability, especially to hypoxia, usually face harsh environmental conditions during their lives. Such conditions include, for example, lack of food and/or water, low or high temperatures, and reduced oxygen availability. In contrast to an expected strong suppression of protein synthesis, a great number of these animals present increased levels of antioxidant defenses during oxygen deprivation. These observations have puzzled researchers for more than 20 years. Initially, two predominant ideas seemed to be irreconcilable: on one hand, hypoxia would decrease reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, while on the other the induction of antioxidant enzymes would require the overproduction of ROS. This induction of antioxidant enzymes during hypoxia was viewed as a way to prepare animals for oxidative damage that may happen ultimately during reoxygenation. The term "preparation for oxidative stress" (POS) was coined in 1998 based on such premise. However, there are many cases of increased oxidative damage in several hypoxia-tolerant organisms under hypoxia. In addition, over the years, the idea of an assured decrease in ROS formation under hypoxia was challenged. Instead, several findings indicate that the production of ROS actually increases in response to hypoxia. Recently, it became possible to provide a comprehensive explanation for the induction of antioxidant enzymes under hypoxia. The supporting evidence and the limitations of the POS idea are extensively explored in this review as we discuss results from research on estivation and situations of low oxygen stress, such as hypoxia, freezing exposure, severe dehydration, and air exposure of water-breathing animals. We propose that, under some level of oxygen deprivation, ROS are overproduced and induce changes leading to hypoxic biochemical responses. These responses would occur mainly through the activation of specific transcription factors (FoxO, Nrf2, HIF-1, NF-κB, and p53) and post translational mechanisms, both mechanisms leading to enhanced antioxidant defenses. Moreover, reactive nitrogen species are candidate modulators of ROS generation in this scenario. We conclude by drawing out the future perspectives in this field of research, and how advances in the knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the POS strategy will offer new and innovative study scenarios of biological and physiological cellular responses to environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Hermes-Lima
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasí;lia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
| | - Daniel C Moreira
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasí;lia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Georgina A Rivera-Ingraham
- Groupe Fonctionnel AEO (Adaptation Ecophysiologique et Ontogenèse), UMR 9190 MARBEC, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
| | - Maximiliano Giraud-Billoud
- Laboratorio de Fisiología (IHEM-CONICET), and Instituto de Fisiología (Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo), Casilla de Correo 33, 5500 Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Thiago C Genaro-Mattos
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasí;lia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil; Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasí;lia, DF, Brazil
| | - Élida G Campos
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasí;lia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
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24
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Stable Suppression of Lactate Dehydrogenase Activity during Anoxia in the Foot Muscle of Littorina littorea and the Potential Role of Acetylation as a Novel Posttranslational Regulatory Mechanism. Enzyme Res 2013; 2013:461374. [PMID: 24233354 PMCID: PMC3819915 DOI: 10.1155/2013/461374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The intertidal marine snail, Littorina littorea, has evolved to withstand extended bouts of oxygen deprivation brought about by changing tides or other potentially harmful environmental conditions. Survival is dependent on a strong suppression of its metabolic rate and a drastic reorganization of its cellular biochemistry in order to maintain energy balance under fixed fuel reserves. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a crucial enzyme of anaerobic metabolism as it is typically responsible for the regeneration of NAD+, which allows for the continued functioning of glycolysis in the absence of oxygen. This study compared the kinetic and structural characteristics of the D-lactate specific LDH (E.C. 1.1.1.28) from foot muscle of aerobic control versus 24 h anoxia-exposed L. littorea. Anoxic LDH displayed a near 50% decrease in Vmax (pyruvate-reducing direction) as compared to control LDH. These kinetic differences suggest that there may be a stable modification and regulation of LDH during anoxia, and indeed, subsequent dot-blot analyses identified anoxic LDH as being significantly less acetylated than the corresponding control enzyme. Therefore, acetylation may be the regulatory mechanism that is responsible for the suppression of LDH activity during anoxia, which could allow for the production of alternative glycolytic end products that in turn would increase the ATP yield under fixed fuel reserves.
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Joyner-Matos J, Puntarulo S, Vázquez-Medina JP, Zenteno-Savín T. Oxidative stress in aquatic ecosystems: selected papers from the First International Conference. Preface. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2013; 165:381-3. [PMID: 23608366 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Welker AF, Moreira DC, Campos ÉG, Hermes-Lima M. Role of redox metabolism for adaptation of aquatic animals to drastic changes in oxygen availability. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2013; 165:384-404. [PMID: 23587877 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2013.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Large changes in oxygen availability in aquatic environments, ranging from anoxia through to hyperoxia, can lead to corresponding wide variation in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by animals with aquatic respiration. Therefore, animals living in marine, estuarine and freshwater environments have developed efficient antioxidant defenses to minimize oxidative stress and to regulate the cellular actions of ROS. Changes in oxygen levels may lead to bursts of ROS generation that can be particularly harmful. This situation is commonly experienced by aquatic animals during abrupt transitions from periods of hypoxia/anoxia back to oxygenated conditions (e.g. intertidal cycles). The strategies developed differ significantly among aquatic species and are (i) improvement of their endogenous antioxidant system under hyperoxia (that leads to increased ROS formation) or other similar ROS-related stresses, (ii) increase in antioxidant levels when displaying higher metabolic rates, (iii) presence of constitutively high levels of antioxidants, that attenuates oxidative stress derived from fluctuations in oxygen availability, or (iv) increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (and/or the levels of their mRNAs) during hypometabolic states associated with anoxia/hypoxia. This enhancement of the antioxidant system - coined over a decade ago as "preparation for oxidative stress" - controls the possible harmful effects of increased ROS formation during hypoxia/reoxygenation. The present article proposes a novel explanation for the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in this phenomenon that could be triggered by hypoxia-induced ROS formation. We also discuss the connections among oxygen sensing, oxidative damage and regulation of the endogenous antioxidant defense apparatus in animals adapted to many natural or man-made challenges of the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis F Welker
- Laboratório de Radicais Livres, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 70910-900 DF, Brazil
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