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Warnakula WADLR, Park CU, Sirisena DMKP, Tharanga EMT, Dilshan MAH, Rodrigo DCG, Sohn H, Wan Q, Lee J. A comprehensive study on the multifunctional properties of galectin-4 in red-lip mullet (Planiliza haematocheilus): Insights into molecular interactions, antimicrobial defense, and cell proliferation. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 153:109835. [PMID: 39147180 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Galectin-4 belongs to the galactoside-binding protein family and is a type of tandem repeat galectin. Despite previous studies indicating its importance in fish immunology, a comprehensive investigation is necessary to fully understand its role in immunomodulatory functions and cellular dynamics. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the immunomodulatory functions of galectin-4 with a particular focus on its antimicrobial and cellular proliferative properties. The open reading frame of PhGal4 spans 1092 base pairs and encodes a soluble protein of 363 amino acids with a theoretical isoelectric point (IEP) of 6.39 and a molecular weight of 39.411 kDa. Spatial expression analysis under normal physiological conditions revealed ubiquitous expression of PhGal4 across all examined tissues, with the highest level observed in intestinal tissue. Upon stimulation with poly I:C, LPS, and L. garvieae, a significant increase (p < 0.05) in PhGal4 expression was observed in both blood and spleen tissues. Subsequent subcellular localization assay demonstrated that PhGal4 was predominantly localized in the cytoplasm. The recombinant PhGal4 (rPhGal4) exhibited specific binding capabilities to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), including LPS and peptidoglycan, but not poly I:C. The rPhGal4 negatively affected the bacterial growth kinetics. Additionally, rPhGal4 demonstrated complete hemagglutination of fish erythrocytes, which could be inhibited by the presence of D-galactose and α-lactose. The overexpression of PhGal4 in FHM epithelial cells demonstrated a significant suppression of viral replication during VHSV infection. Furthermore, the in vitro scratch assay and WST-1 assay demonstrated a wound healing effect of PhGal4 overexpression in FHM cells, potentially achieved through the promotion of cell proliferation by activating genes involved in cell cycle regulation. In conclusion, the responsive expression to immune stimuli, antimicrobial properties, and cell proliferation promotion of PhGal4 suggest that it plays a crucial role in immunomodulation and cellular dynamics of red-lip mullet. The findings in this study shed light on the multifunctional nature of galectin-4 in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A D L R Warnakula
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheong Uk Park
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - D M K P Sirisena
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - E M T Tharanga
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - M A H Dilshan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - D C G Rodrigo
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanchang Sohn
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Life Research Institute, Kidang Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63333, Republic of Korea
| | - Qiang Wan
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Life Research Institute, Kidang Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63333, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jehee Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences & Center for Genomic Selection in Korean Aquaculture, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63243, Republic of Korea; Marine Life Research Institute, Kidang Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 63333, Republic of Korea.
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Gao Y, Li Z, Han G, Qiang L, Sun Y, Tan R, Yu Y. Effects of the water-soluble fraction of diesel oil on the sera biochemical indicators, histological changes, and immune responses of black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 187:105953. [PMID: 36965322 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the physiological and immune responses of Sebastes schlegelii to the water-soluble fraction of diesel oil (WSD), S. schlegelii were used as the experimental objects to study the effect of WSD on the sera biochemical indicators, histological changes, and immune responses. Significant differences in sera biochemical indicators were observed in S. schlegelii after WSD exposure. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glucose (GLU), and globulin (GLB) were reduced by 3.51-fold, 3.12- fold, and 1.58-fold, respectively; however, K+ was increased by 3.55-fold. The results of HE staining showed that interstitial congestion was observed in the liver; the secondary lamellae deformity and hyperplasia, epithelial lifting, the primary lamellae hyperplasia, and aneurism were observed in the gill. Epidermis thickness increased, and epidermal hyperplasia in the skin was shown. The length of the secondary lamellae shortened significantly after WSD exposure. The results of AB-PAS staining showed that three different types of mucous cells were observed in the gill, and a significant increase in the number of all three types of mucous cells was observed after WSD exposure (P < 0.05). In addition, the results of the relative mRNA expressions in the liver of eleven immune-related genes showed that the relative expression levels of IL-1β, IL-8, TNF receptor, BAFF, C1s, C1r, and MyD88 in the WSD group were substantially higher than those in the LPS group (P < 0.05), and the relative expression of caspase 10 was significantly lower than that in the LPS group (P < 0.05). At the same time, no significant differences were observed in the relative expression levels of IL-1, TNFα, and C1inh between the two groups (P > 0.05). This study was expected to provide essential data for health assessments of S. schlegelii and establish the foundation for the immune-related researches of S. schlegelii after WSD exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingli Gao
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, School of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| | - Zeyu Li
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, School of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Gaoshang Han
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, School of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Lu Qiang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, School of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yungui Sun
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, School of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Ruiming Tan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, School of Marine Life and Fisheries, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Yongxiang Yu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (CAFS), Qingdao, 266000, China.
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Jang WJ, Lee SJ, Jeon MH, Kim TY, Lee JM, Hasan MT, Lee HT, Park JH, Lee BJ, Hur SW, Lee S, Kim KW, Lee EW. Characterization of a Bacillus sp. KRF-7 isolated from the intestine of rockfish and effects of dietary supplementation with mannan oligosaccharide in rockfish aquaculture. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:182-192. [PMID: 34607010 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to characterize the bacteria isolated from rockfish intestines and to investigate the effects of feed supplementation in rockfish aquaculture. Bacillus sp. KRF-7 isolated from the intestine of rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) was demonstrated to be safe based on in vitro tests confirming the absence of hemolysis, cytotoxicity, and genes with toxigenic potential. In a feeding trial, providing a supplemental diet of 1 × 108 CFU g-1Bacillus sp. KRF-7 was observed to positively alter the weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio of juvenile rockfish. KRF-7 supplementation showed positive regulation of nonspecific immune parameters, such as superoxide dismutase, lysozyme activity, and myeloperoxidase activity. This analysis also revealed a change in the composition of the intestinal microbiota at the phylum level from Proteobacteria to Firmicutes. In both the kidney and spleen, the expression levels of IL-10, NF-κB, and B cell activating factors in the KRF-7-supplemented group were significantly increased compared to those in the control group. Therefore, this study verified the safety of KRF-7 isolated from the intestine of rockfish and suggests that dietary supplementation with KRF-7 enhances the growth performance of rockfish and has beneficial effects on the regulation of the intestinal microbiota and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Je Jang
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea; Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jeong Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Hyeon Jeon
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Yong Kim
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Tawheed Hasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Hyun-Tai Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Park
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Joo Lee
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang, 37517, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Woo Hur
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang, 37517, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghan Lee
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang, 37517, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang Woong Kim
- Aquafeed Research Center, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Pohang, 37517, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Biopharmaceutical Engineering Major, Division of Applied Bioengineering, Dong-Eui University, Busan, 47340, Republic of Korea.
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Li Q, Cao M, Fu Q, Yang N, Yan X, Song L, Li C. Complement genes in black rockfish (Sebastods schlegelii): genome-wide identification, evolution and their potential functions in response to Vibrio anguillarum infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 114:119-131. [PMID: 33930548 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As complex components of innate immune system, members of complement system play crucial roles during the process of defensing against pathogens. Black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) is one of the important aquaculture species in East Asian. However, studies of complement genes in black rockfish and its related immune activities are still lacking. Therefore, a total of 112 members of the complement genes were identified from the genome of black rockfish and were classified into five subgroups. According to their functional annotations, 30 genes belonged to pattern recognition, 6 genes belonged to proteases, 14 genes belonged to complement components, 36 genes belonged to receptors, and 26 genes belonged to regulators. It can be found that many complement genes evolved into multi-copies, especially in teleost, which may be influenced by whole-genome duplication or tandem duplication events. Complement genes were randomly distributed on 22 chromosomes. The number of introns of complement genes varied from 1 to 70. Results of the expression patterns of 10 randomly selected genes from 5 subtypes response to Vibrio anguillarum infection revealed that most of the members of the complement genes were induced in gill and skin. In contrast, most genes in intestine showed downregulation. This study systematically characterized and analyzed the complement genes in black rockfish and provided new insights into their functions responding to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Min Cao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ning Yang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Xu Yan
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Lin Song
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266011, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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