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Yang GL, Huang L, Yang X, Li Z, Liao HM, Mao K, Liu ZJ, Geng HY, Cao Q, Tan AJ. Transcriptomic and Functional Analyses of Two Cadmium Hyper-Enriched Duckweed Strains Reveal Putative Cadmium Tolerance Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12157. [PMID: 37569533 PMCID: PMC10418380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic metals in the environment and exerts deleterious effects on plant growth and production. Duckweed has been reported as a promising candidate for Cd phytoremediation. In this study, the growth, Cd enrichment, and antioxidant enzyme activity of duckweed were investigated. We found that both high-Cd-tolerance duckweed (HCD) and low-Cd-tolerance duckweed (LCD) strains exposed to Cd were hyper-enriched with Cd. To further explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, a genome-wide transcriptome analysis was performed. The results showed that the growth rate, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activities of duckweed were significantly affected by Cd stress and differed between the two strains. In the genome-wide transcriptome analysis, the RNA-seq library generated 544,347,670 clean reads, and 1608 and 2045 differentially expressed genes were identified between HCD and LCD, respectively. The antioxidant system was significantly expressed during ribosomal biosynthesis in HCD but not in LCD. Fatty acid metabolism and ethanol production were significantly increased in LCD. Alpha-linolenic acid metabolism likely plays an important role in Cd detoxification in duckweed. These findings contribute to the understanding of Cd tolerance mechanisms in hyperaccumulator plants and lay the foundation for future phytoremediation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
- Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China;
| | - Lei Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China;
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - Zhu Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - Hai-Min Liao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - Kang Mao
- Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China;
| | - Zhao-Ju Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - He-Yan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - Qin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
| | - Ai-Juan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (G.-L.Y.); (X.Y.); (Z.L.); (H.-M.L.); (Z.-J.L.); (H.-Y.G.); (Q.C.)
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Huang M, Nhung NTH, Wu Y, He C, Wang K, Yang S, Kurokawa H, Matsui H, Dodbiba G, Fujita T. Different nanobubbles mitigate cadmium toxicity and accumulation of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings in hydroponic cultures. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 312:137250. [PMID: 36423719 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination can pose a severe threat to food production and human health. The accumulation of Cd in rice will decrease rice biomass, photosynthetic activity, and antioxidant capacity, affecting crop yield. The effects of different nanobubbles on the growth and Cd accumulation of rice seedlings under hydroponic conditions were investigated in this study. The results showed that the biomass, photosynthetic pigment content, and antioxidant enzyme activity of rice seedlings decreased when treated with Cd alone and that Cd induced lipid peroxidation in rice seedlings. However, when different types of nanobubbles were introduced into the nutrient solution, the bioavailability of Cd in the solution was reduced. As a result, the Cd content in rice was significantly decreased compared to treatment with Cd alone. Nanobubbles increased the biomass of rice, enhanced photosynthesis, and improved the antioxidant capacity of rice by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities to alleviate Cd-induced oxidative stress. At the same time, nanobubbles increased the Fe content in rice, which decreased the Cd content, as Cd is antagonistic to Fe. In conclusion, these results suggested that nanobubbles are a potential method of mitigating Cd stress that may help to improve rice yield and could be further explored in production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Huang
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Nguyen Thi Hong Nhung
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yongxiang Wu
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Chunlin He
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Kaituo Wang
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Shangdong Yang
- Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Hiromi Kurokawa
- Algae Biomass Energy System R&D Center (ABES), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Matsui
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, 305-8575, Japan
| | - Gjergj Dodbiba
- Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Toyohisa Fujita
- College of Resources, Environment and Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China.
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Chahouri A, Agnaou M, El Hanaoui M, Yacoubi B, Moukrim A, Banaoui A. Assessment of seasonal and spatial variation responses of integrated biomarkers in two marine sentinel bivalve species: Agadir Bay (Southern of Morocco). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 174:113179. [PMID: 34844146 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.113179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to assess the effects of contamination of the Agadir bay coasts using bivalves as a biomonitoring sentinel species. Seasonal variations of biochemical composition in terms of total protein content and oxidative stress biomarkers including glutathione-S-transferase, malondialdehyde, catalase and acetylcholinesterase were evaluated in the soft tissues of Scrobicularia plana and Donax trunculus specimens. The latter were collected from two sites in Agadir bay during two-year span (2018-2020). The Integrated Biomarker Response Index (IBR) was performed to classify the stress response in both species and to assess the level of exposure to xenobiotics. The data showed maximum annual values of acetylcholinesterase and malondialdehyde for Donax trunculus in Agadir beach (AG) with 6.25 nmol/mn/mg and 3 nmol/mg of protein, respectively. Those of catalase and glutathione-S-transferase for Scrobicularia plana in Oued Souss estuary (OS) were of 4.41 μmol/mn/mg and 14.43 nmol/mn/mg of protein, respectively. The studied species are considered good indicators in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Chahouri
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Mustapha Agnaou
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Hanaoui
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Bouchra Yacoubi
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | | | - Ali Banaoui
- Aquatic System Laboratory: Marine and Continental Environment, Faculty of Sciences Agadir, Department of Biology, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
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Hernández-Fernández J, Pinzón-Velasco A, López EA, Rodríguez-Becerra P, Mariño-Ramírez L. Transcriptional Analyses of Acute Exposure to Methylmercury on Erythrocytes of Loggerhead Sea Turtle. TOXICS 2021; 9:70. [PMID: 33805397 PMCID: PMC8066450 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
To understand changes in enzyme activity and gene expression as biomarkers of exposure to methylmercury, we exposed loggerhead turtle erythrocytes (RBCs) to concentrations of 0, 1, and 5 mg L-1 of MeHg and de novo transcriptome were assembled using RNA-seq. The analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated that 79 unique genes were dysregulated (39 upregulated and 44 downregulated genes). The results showed that MeHg altered gene expression patterns as a response to the cellular stress produced, reflected in cell cycle regulation, lysosomal activity, autophagy, calcium regulation, mitochondrial regulation, apoptosis, and regulation of transcription and translation. The analysis of DEGs showed a low response of the antioxidant machinery to MeHg, evidenced by the fact that genes of early response to oxidative stress were not dysregulated. The RBCs maintained a constitutive expression of proteins that represented a good part of the defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by MeHg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Hernández-Fernández
- Department of Natural and Environmental Science, Marine Biology Program, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Genetics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatic Research Group–GENBIMOL, Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, Cra. 4 No 22-61, Bogotá 110311, Colombia;
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Calle 45, Cra. 7, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Andrés Pinzón-Velasco
- Bioinformática y Biología de Sistemas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Calle 45, Cra. 30, Bogotá 111321, Colombia;
| | - Ellie Anne López
- IDEASA Research Group-Environment and Sustainability, Institute of Environmental Studies and Services, Sergio Arboleda University, Bogotá 111711, Colombia;
| | - Pilar Rodríguez-Becerra
- Department of Natural and Environmental Science, Marine Biology Program, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Genetics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatic Research Group–GENBIMOL, Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, Cra. 4 No 22-61, Bogotá 110311, Colombia;
| | - Leonardo Mariño-Ramírez
- NCBI, NLM, NIH Computational Biology Branch, Building 38A, Room 6S614M 8600 Rockville Pike, MSC 6075, Bethesda, MD 20894-6075, USA;
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Mdaini Z, Telahigue K, Hajji T, Rabeh I, El Cafsi M, Tremblay R, Gagné JP. Comparative biomarker responses to urban pollution in three polychaete species: Perinereis cultrifera, Diopatra neapolitana, and Marphysa sanguinea from the lagoon of Tunis. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:119. [PMID: 33569704 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-08906-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Coastal lagoons are among the most vulnerable ecosystems as they are often exposed to different anthropogenic activities. The Polychaetes, which are dominant components in macrobenthic community, are particularly exposed to contamination. The current study was designed to assess and compare the sensitivity of different polychaetes species towards urban pollution. To do this, three polychaete species: Perinereis cultrifera, Diopatra neapolitana, and Marphysa sanguinea, were collected from the Tunis South Lagoon during summer 2013. A set of biomarkers indicative of genotoxicity (DNA damage), biotransformation, and oxidative stress (glutathione S-transferase, GST) as well as immune response (cyclooxygenase activity (COX), lysozyme activity, and nitric oxide level (NOx)), was used. The results revealed that D. neapolitana and P. cultrifera exhibited higher genetic alteration and GST activity and more prominent immune response when compared with M. sanguinea. These findings denote of the higher sensitivity of D. neapolitana and P. cultrifera to urban pollution and suggest their possible use in environmental biomonitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zied Mdaini
- Laboratoire D'Ecologie, Biologie Et Physiologie Des Organismes Aquatiques LR18ES41, Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
- Institut Des Sciences de La Mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec À Rimouski, 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Khaoula Telahigue
- Laboratoire D'Ecologie, Biologie Et Physiologie Des Organismes Aquatiques LR18ES41, Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Tarek Hajji
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Et Valorisation Des Bio-Géo Ressources LR11ES31, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet, Université La Manouba, Biotechpole Sidi Thabet, 2020, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Imen Rabeh
- Laboratoire D'Ecologie, Biologie Et Physiologie Des Organismes Aquatiques LR18ES41, Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M'hamed El Cafsi
- Laboratoire D'Ecologie, Biologie Et Physiologie Des Organismes Aquatiques LR18ES41, Faculté Des Sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, 2092, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rejean Tremblay
- Institut Des Sciences de La Mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec À Rimouski, 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Jean Pierre Gagné
- Institut Des Sciences de La Mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec À Rimouski, 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, QC, G5L 3A1, Canada
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Multi-Biomarker Responses of Asian Clam Corbicula fluminea (Bivalvia, Corbiculidea) to Cadmium and Microplastics Pollutants. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13040394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
One of the most widespread aquatic organisms in the rivers and estuarine ecosystems, in the world, is Asian clam Corbiculafluminea. This clam, that can adapt to environmental changes, is an invasive species in several areas and it was adopted as a model for toxicity tests. This study evaluated the effects of the exposure to cadmium (Cd), to microplastics (MPs) and their mixtures on C. fluminea. The oxidative stress responses, lipid peroxidation (LPO), changes in the activity of energy-related enzymes and neurotoxicity were assessed on the gill, digestive gland and gonad. The results show that Cd, MPs and their mixtures cause oxidative stress, damage and neurotoxicity. The enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the LPO levels could be chosen as biomarkers of Cd pollution. Exposure to MPs induced an increase in reduced/oxidized glutathione (GSH/GSSG) ratio and increased AChE activity. The combined exposure to Cd and MPs caused a synergetic effect in gill and gonad, while an antagonism response was recorded in the digestive gland. The results provide new insights for unveiling the biologic effects of heavy metal, microplastics and their mixtures on C. fluminea. Besides, we demonstrated that the Asian clam is a good bioindicator of microplastic pollution that can occur in aquatic environments.
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Green Etxabe A, Pini JM, Short S, Cunha L, Kille P, Watson GJ. Identifying conserved polychaete molecular markers of metal exposure: Comparative analyses using the Alitta virens (Annelida, Lophotrochozoa) transcriptome. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 240:108913. [PMID: 33164845 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polychaetes are vital for evaluating the effects of toxic metals in marine systems, and sensitive molecular biomarkers should be integral to monitoring efforts. However, the few polychaete markers that exist are inconsistent, even within the same species, failing to identify gene expression changes in metal-exposed animals incurring clear metabolic costs. Comparing previously characterised polychaete metal-responsive genes with those of another carefully selected species could identify biomarkers applicable across polychaetes. The ragworm Alitta virens (Sars, 1835) is particularly suited for such comparisons due to its dominance of fully saline coastal areas, widespread distribution, large biomass, and its phylogenetic position relative to other polychaete 'omic' resources. A transcriptome atlas for A. virens was generated and an RNASeq-qPCR screening approach was used to characterise the response to chronic exposures of environmentally relevant concentrations of copper and zinc in controlled mesocosms. Genes presenting dramatic expression changes in A. virens were compared with known metal-responsive genes in other polychaetes to identify new possible biomarkers and assess those currently used. This revealed some current markers should probably be abandoned (e.g. Atox1), while others, such as GST-Omega, should be used with caution, as different polychaete species appear to upregulate distinct GST-Omega orthologues. In addition, the comparisons give some indication of genes that are induced by metal exposure across phylogenetically divergent polychaetes, including a suite of haemoglobin subunits and linker chains that could play conserved roles in metal-stress response. Although such newly identified markers need further characterisation, they offer alternatives to current markers that are plainly insufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaia Green Etxabe
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Wallingford, Oxfordshire OX10 8BB, UK
| | - Jennifer M Pini
- CP-Texinfine (France), 60 Rue Duguesclin, 69006 Lyon, France
| | - Stephen Short
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - Luis Cunha
- University of Coimbra, Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal; School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, Wales CF37 4BD, UK
| | - Peter Kille
- Cardiff School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK
| | - Gordon J Watson
- Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Ferry Road, Portsmouth PO4 9LY, UK
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Lee JS, Kang HM, Jeong CB, Han J, Park HG, Lee JS. Protective Role of Freshwater and Marine Rotifer Glutathione S-Transferase Sigma and Omega Isoforms Transformed into Heavy Metal-Exposed Escherichia coli. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:7840-7850. [PMID: 31244073 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b01460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) play an important role in phase II of detoxification to protect cells in response to oxidative stress generated by exogenous toxicants. Despite their important role in defense, studies on invertebrate GSTs have mainly focused on identification and characterization. Here, we isolated omega and sigma classes of GSTs from the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus and the marine rotifer Brachionus koreanus and explored their antioxidant function in response to metal-induced oxidative stress. The recombinant Bc- and Bk-GSTs were successfully transformed and expressed in Escherichia coli. Their antioxidant potential was characterized by measuring kinetic properties and enzymatic activity in response to pH, temperature, and chemical inhibitor. In addition, a disk diffusion assay, reactive oxygen species assay, and morphological analysis revealed that GST transformed into E. coli significantly protected cells from oxidative stress induced by H2O2 and metals (Hg, Cd, Cu, and Zn). Stronger antioxidant activity was exhibited by GST-S compared to GST-O in both rotifers, suggesting that GST-S plays a prominent function as an antioxidant defense mechanism in Brachionus spp. Overall, our study clearly shows the antioxidant role of Bk- and Bc-GSTs in E. coli and provides a greater understanding of GST class-specific and interspecific detoxification in rotifer Brachionus spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sol Lee
- Department of Biological Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Hye-Min Kang
- Department of Biological Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Chang-Bum Jeong
- Department of Biological Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Jeonghoon Han
- Department of Biological Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
| | - Heum Gi Park
- Department of Marine Resource Development , Gangneung-Wonju National University , Gangneung , South Korea
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Science , Sungkyunkwan University , Suwon , South Korea
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Braga MA, Brauko KM, Vicentini M, Salgado LD, Silva de Assis HC, Dolatto RG, Grassi MT, Sandrini-Neto L, Lana PC. Cytotoxicity and enzymatic biomarkers as early indicators of benthic responses to the soluble-fraction of diesel oil. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 164:21-31. [PMID: 30092389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.07.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Xenobiotics from oil tanker leaks and industrial discharges are amongst the main human impacts to confined coastal areas. We assessed the genotoxic responses to the water-soluble fraction of diesel oil in the polychaete Laeonereis culveri and the bivalve Anomalocardia flexuosa, two widespread benthic species in subtropical estuaries from the Southwestern Atlantic. We hypothesized that the highest responsiveness would be expressed by significantly different biomarkers responses between control and oil-impacted treatments. Responsiveness to diesel oil was investigated using an experimental design with two fixed factors (contaminant percentages and times of exposure). After exposure, we monitored the responses of the oxidative stress enzymes and performed micronuclei tests. Results were congruent for both species. Antioxidant defense of glutathione S-transferase and the induction of micronuclei and nuclear buds, the latter just for the bivalve, were significantly affected by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, with significant increases on the seventh day of exposure and in the higher concentrations, compared to controls groups. We assessed the benefits and drawbacks of using each biomarker in laboratory experiments. Both species are indicators of early, and rapid responses to genotoxic contaminants in subtropical estuarine habitats. We suggest that the micronuclei frequency in A. flexuosa is a simple, fast and cheap test for genotoxicity in oil-impacted areas. Such early biomarkers are needed to develop better protocols for impact assessment and monitoring under real field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Araki Braga
- Center for Marine Studies, Federal University of Paraná, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil.
| | - Kalina M Brauko
- Nucleus for Marine Studies, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maiara Vicentini
- Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lilian D Salgado
- Pharmacology Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marco T Grassi
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo C Lana
- Center for Marine Studies, Federal University of Paraná, Pontal do Paraná, PR, Brazil
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Almeida Â, Calisto V, Esteves VI, Schneider RJ, Soares AMVM, Figueira E, Freitas R. Effects of single and combined exposure of pharmaceutical drugs (carbamazepine and cetirizine) and a metal (cadmium) on the biochemical responses of R. philippinarum. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 198:10-19. [PMID: 29494826 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In the aquatic environment, organisms are exposed to complex mixtures of contaminants which may alter the toxicity profile of each compound, compared to its toxicity alone. Pharmaceutical drugs (e.g. carbamazepine (CBZ) and cetirizine (CTZ)) and metals (e.g. cadmium (Cd)) are among those contaminants that co-occur in the environment. However, most studies concerning their toxicity towards aquatic species are based on single exposure experiments. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate single and combined effects of Cd and CBZ or CTZ (single conditions: Cd, CTZ, CBZ; combined conditions: CTZ + Cd, CBZ + Cd) on biomarkers related to oxidative stress and energy metabolism in the edible clam Ruditapes philippinarum, by exposing the organisms for 28 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of these contaminants. The biomarkers studied were: i) the electron transport system activity, protein and glycogen contents (indicators of organisms' metabolic status and energy reserves); ii) lipid peroxidation and the ratio between reduced and oxidized glutathione (indicators of oxidative stress); iii) superoxide dismutase and catalase activities (enzymes indicators of antioxidant defence) and iv) activity of glutathione S-transferases (family of enzymes indicators of biotransformation capacity). Results obtained showed that the uptake of Cd and CBZ was not affected by the combined presence of the contaminants. However, for CTZ, the uptake was higher in the presence than in the absence of Cd. Concerning toxicity data, in general, the combined exposures (CTZ + Cd, CBZ + Cd) had lower biological effects than the contaminants alone. Nevertheless, our data showed that despite the low concentrations tested, they were enough to exert biological effects that differed between single and combined treatments, evidencing the need to conduct more co-exposure studies to increase the environmental relevance of the gathered data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Almeida
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Valdemar I Esteves
- Chemistry Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstaetter-Str. 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Etelvina Figueira
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Biology Department & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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11
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Lv L, Dong X, Lv F, Yu Y, Zhao W, Liu F. Antioxidant enzymes responses of polychaete Perinereis aibuhitensis following chronic exposure to 17β-estradiol. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2016.1194172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linlan Lv
- Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuexing Dong
- Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu Lv
- Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yebin Yu
- Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weihong Zhao
- Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Ocean Technology, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
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Zeeshan M, Murugadas A, Ghaskadbi S, Rajendran RB, Akbarsha MA. ROS dependent copper toxicity in Hydra-biochemical and molecular study. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 185-186:1-12. [PMID: 26945520 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Copper, an essential microelement, is known to be toxic to aquatic life at concentrations higher than that could be tolerated. Copper-induced oxidative stress has been documented in vitro, yet the in vivo effects of metal-induced oxidative stress have not been extensively studied in the lower invertebrates. The objective of the present study has been to find the effect of ROS-mediated toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of copper at organismal and cellular levels in Hydra magnipapillata. Exposure to copper at sublethal concentrations (0.06 and 0.1mg/L) for 24 or 48h resulted in generation of significant levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). We infer that the free radicals here originate predominantly at the lysosomes but partly at the mitochondria also as visualized by H2-DHCFDA staining. Quantitative real-time PCR of RNA extracted from copper-exposed polyps revealed dose-dependent up-regulation of all antioxidant response genes (CAT, SOD, GPx, GST, GR, G6PD). Concurrent increase of Hsp70 and FoxO genes suggests the ability of polyps to respond to stress, which at 48h was not the same as at 24h. Interestingly, the transcript levels of all genes were down-regulated at 48h as compared to 24h incubation period. Comet assay indicated copper as a powerful genotoxicant, and the DNA damage was dose- as well as duration-dependent. Western blotting of proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and caspase-3) confirmed ROS-mediated mitochondrial cell death in copper-exposed animals. These changes correlated well with changes in morphology, regeneration and aspects of reproduction. Taken together, the results indicate increased production of intracellular ROS in Hydra on copper exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Zeeshan
- Mahatma Gandhi-Doerenkamp Center, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Anbazhagan Murugadas
- Mahatma Gandhi-Doerenkamp Center, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India; Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Surendra Ghaskadbi
- Developmental Biology Group, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune 411004, India
| | - Ramasamy Babu Rajendran
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India
| | - Mohammad Abdulkader Akbarsha
- Mahatma Gandhi-Doerenkamp Center, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, India; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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13
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Wäge J, Lerebours A, Hardege JD, Rotchell JM. Exposure to low pH induces molecular level changes in the marine worm, Platynereis dumerilii. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 124:105-110. [PMID: 26476878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fossil fuel emissions and changes in net land use lead to an increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration and a subsequent decrease of ocean pH. Noticeable effects on organisms' calcification rate, shell structure and energy metabolism have been reported in the literature. To date, little is known about the molecular mechanisms altered under low pH exposure, especially in non-calcifying organisms. We used a suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH) approach to characterise differentially expressed genes isolated from Platynereis dumerilii, a non-calcifying marine polychaeta species, kept at normal and low pH conditions. Several gene sequences have been identified as differentially regulated. These are involved in processes previously considered as indicators of environment change, such as energy metabolism (NADH dehydrogenase, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase, cytochrome c oxidase and ATP synthase subunit F), while others are involved in cytoskeleton function (paramyosin and calponin) and immune defence (fucolectin-1 and paneth cell-specific alpha-defensin) processes. This is the first study of differential gene expression in a non-calcifying, marine polychaete exposed to low pH seawater conditions and suggests that mechanisms of impact may include additional pathways not previously identified as impacted by low pH in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Wäge
- School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Adelaide Lerebours
- School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Jörg D Hardege
- School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Jeanette M Rotchell
- School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.
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El-Sayed YS, El-Gazzar AM, El-Nahas AF, Ashry KM. Vitamin C modulates cadmium-induced hepatic antioxidants' gene transcripts and toxicopathic changes in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:1664-1670. [PMID: 26385855 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5412-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the naturally occurring heavy metals having adverse effects, while vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) is an essential micronutrient for fish, which can attenuate tissue damage owing to its chain-breaking antioxidant and free radical scavenger properties. The adult Nile tilapia fish were exposed to Cd at 5 mg/l with and without vitamin C (500 mg/kg diet) for 45 days in addition to negative and positive controls fed with the basal diet and basal diet supplemented with vitamin C, respectively. Hepatic relative mRNA expression of genes involved in antioxidant function, metallothionein (MT), glutathione S-transferase (GST-α1), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx1), was assessed using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Hepatic architecture was also histopathologically examined. Tilapia exposed to Cd exhibited upregulated antioxidants' gene transcript levels, GST-⍺1, GPx1, and MT by 6.10-, 4.60-, and 4.29-fold, respectively. Histopathologically, Cd caused severe hepatic changes of multifocal hepatocellular and pancreatic acinar necrosis, and lytic hepatocytes infiltrated with eosinophilic granular cells. Co-treatment of Cd-exposed fish with vitamin C overexpressed antioxidant enzyme-related genes, GST-⍺1 (16.26-fold) and GPx1 (18.68-fold), and maintained the expression of MT gene close to control (1.07-fold), averting the toxicopathic lesions induced by Cd. These results suggested that vitamin C has the potential to protect Nile tilapia from Cd hepatotoxicity via sustaining hepatic antioxidants' genes transcripts and normal histoarchitecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser S El-Sayed
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed M El-Gazzar
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, Egypt
| | - Abeer F El-Nahas
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Ashry
- Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, Egypt
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Activity and Transcriptional Responses of Hepatopancreatic Biotransformation and Antioxidant Enzymes in the Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense Exposed to Microcystin-LR. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:4006-22. [PMID: 26457718 PMCID: PMC4626717 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7104006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Microcystins (MCs) are a major group of cyanotoxins with side effects in many organisms; thus, compounds in this group are recognized as potent stressors and health hazards in aquatic ecosystems. In order to assess the toxicity of MCs and detoxification mechanism of freshwater shrimp Macrobrachium nipponense, the full-length cDNAs of the glutathione S-transferase (gst) and catalase (cat) genes were isolated from the hepatopancreas. The transcription level and activity changes in the biotransformation enzyme (glutathione S-transferase (GST)) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) in the hepatopancreas of M. nipponense exposed to MC-LR (0.2, 1, 5, and 25 μg/L) for 12, 24, 72 and 96 h were analyzed. The results showed that the isolated full-length cDNAs of cat and gst genes from M. nipponense displayed a high similarity to other crustaceans, and their mRNAs were mainly expressed in the hepatopancreas. MC-LR caused significant increase of GST activity following 48-96 h (p < 0.05) and an increase in SOD activity especially in 24- and 48-h exposures. CAT activity was activated when exposed to MC-LR in 12-, 24- and 48-h exposures and then it was inhibited at 96-h exposure. There was no significant effect on GPx activity after the 12- and 24-h exposures, whereas it was significantly stimulated after the 72- and 96-h exposures (p < 0.05). The transcription was altered similarly to enzyme activity, but the transcriptional response was generally more immediate and had greater amplitude than enzymatic response, particularly for GST. All of the results suggested that MC-LR can induce antioxidative modulation variations in M. nipponense hepatopancreas in order to eliminate oxidative damage.
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Nunes B, Capela RC, Sérgio T, Caldeira C, Gonçalves F, Correia AT. Effects of chronic exposure to lead, copper, zinc, and cadmium on biomarkers of the European eel, Anguilla anguilla. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:5689-5700. [PMID: 24430501 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to specific metallic compounds can cause severe deleterious modifications in organisms. Fishes are particularly prone to toxic effects from exposure to metallic compounds via their environment. Species that inhabit estuaries or freshwater environments can be chronically affected by persistent exposure to a large number of metallic compounds, particularly those released by industrial activities. In this study, we exposed yellow eels (European eel, Anguilla anguilla) for 28 days to environmentally relevant concentrations of four specific metals; lead (300, 600, and 1,200 μg/l), copper (40, 120, and 360 μg/l), zinc (30, 60, and 120 μg/l) and cadmium (50, 150, and 450 μg/l). The selected endpoints to assess the toxicological effects were neurotransmission (cholinesterasic activity in nervous tissue), antioxidant defense, and phase II metabolism (glutathione-S-transferase [GST] activity, in both gills and liver tissues), and peroxidative damage. The results showed an overall lack of effects on acetylcholinesterase for all tested metals. Lead, copper, and cadmium exposure caused a significant, dose-dependent, increase in GST activity in gill tissue. However, liver GST only significantly increased following zinc exposure. No statistically significant effects were observed for the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay, indicating the absence of peroxidative damage. These findings suggest that, despite the occurrence of an oxidative-based response after exposure to lead, copper, and cadmium, this had no consequence in terms of peroxidative membrane damage; furthermore, cholinergic neurotoxicity caused by lead, copper, and cadmium did not occur. The implications of these results are further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Nunes
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal,
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Espinoza HM, Williams CR, Gallagher EP. Effect of cadmium on glutathione S-transferase and metallothionein gene expression in coho salmon liver, gill and olfactory tissues. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2012; 110-111:37-44. [PMID: 22257444 PMCID: PMC3321375 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2011.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 12/10/2011] [Accepted: 12/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a multifunctional family of phase II enzymes that detoxify a variety of environmental chemicals, reactive intermediates, and secondary products of oxidative damage. GST mRNA expression and catalytic activity have been used as biomarkers of exposure to environmental chemicals. However, factors such as species differences in induction, partial analyses of multiple GST isoforms, and lack of understanding of fish GST gene regulation, have confounded the use of GSTs as markers of pollutant exposure. In the present study, we examined the effect of exposure to cadmium (Cd), a prototypical environmental contaminant and inducer of mammalian GST, on GST mRNA expression in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) liver, gill, and olfactory tissues. GST expression data were compared to those for metallothionein (MT), a prototypical biomarker of metal exposure. Data mining of genomic databases led to the development of quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assays for salmon GST isoforms encompassing 9 subfamilies, including alpha, mu, pi, theta, omega, kappa, rho, zeta and microsomal GST. In vivo acute (8-48 h) exposures to low (3.7 ppb) and high (347 ppb) levels of Cd relevant to environmental scenarios elicited a variety of transient, albeit minor changes (<2.5-fold) in tissue GST profiles, including some reductions in GST mRNA expression. In general, olfactory GSTs were the earliest to respond to cadmium, whereas, more pronounced effects in olfactory and gill GST expression were observed at 48 h relative to earlier time points. Although evaluation of GSTs reflected a cadmium-associated oxidative stress response, there was no clear GST isoform in any tissue that could serve as a reliable biomarker of acute cadmium exposure. By contrast, metallothionein (MT) mRNA was consistently and markedly induced in all three tissues by cadmium, and among the tissues examined, olfactory MT was the most sensitive marker of cadmium exposures. In summary, coho salmon exhibit a complex GST tissue profile consisting of at least 9 isoforms, all of which are present in the peripheral olfactory system. Short-term exposure to environmental levels of Cd causes transient changes in salmon GST consistent with oxidative stress, and in some cases, includes a loss of GST. In a biomarker context, however, monitoring of tissue MT mRNA expression, especially in the peripheral olfactory system, may be of greater utility for assessing short-term environmental exposures to cadmium.
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Neave MJ, Streten-Joyce C, Nouwens AS, Glasby CJ, McGuinness KA, Parry DL, Gibb KS. The transcriptome and proteome are altered in marine polychaetes (Annelida) exposed to elevated metal levels. J Proteomics 2012; 75:2721-35. [PMID: 22484056 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2012.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Polychaetes are often used in toxicological studies to understand mechanisms of resistance and for biomarker detection, however, we know of only a few genetic pathways involved in resistance. We found the marine polychaete Ophelina sp.1 (Opheliidae) in sediment containing high copper levels and investigated this phenomenon by measuring metal accumulation in the worms and changes in gene and protein expression. We sequenced the transcriptome of Ophelina sp.1 from both the impacted and reference sediments using 454-sequencing and analysed their proteomes using differential in gel electrophoresis (DIGE). We used the sequenced transcriptome to guide protein identification. Transcripts coding for the copper chaperone, Atox1, were up-regulated in the worms inhabiting the high copper sediment. In addition, genes coding for respiratory proteins, detoxification proteins and cytoskeletal proteins were significantly altered in metal-exposed worms; many of these changes were also detected in the proteome. This dual approach has provided a better understanding of heavy metal resistance in polychaetes and we now have a wider range of suitable indicator genes and proteins for future biomarker development.
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Suriya J, Bharathiraja S, Sekar V, Rajasekaran R. Metallothionein induction and antioxidative responses in the estuarine polychaeta Capitella capitata (Capitellidae). Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60360-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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