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Wang MH, Chen CF, Lim YC, Albarico FPJB, Tsai WP, Chen CW, Dong CD. Microplastics and phthalate esters contamination in top oceanic predators: A study on multiple shark species in the Pacific Ocean. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 206:116769. [PMID: 39059223 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Marine organisms, especially top predators such as sharks, are susceptible to environmental pollutants like microplastics (MPs) and phthalate esters (PAEs), leading to ecosystem risks. Research on contamination in these apex species is, however, still limited. This study investigated MPs and PAEs in multiple shark species (Isurus oxyrinchus, Alopias superciliosus, Alopias pelagicus, Carcharhinus brevipinna, and Sphyrna zygaena) off Taiwan's eastern coast. Gastric tissue analyses revealed ubiquitous microplastics (2-31 particles), which positively correlated with body lengths and weights for Isurus oxyrinchus. Blue, fiber-shaped (1-2 mm), and rayon-based MPs are likely associated with textile fiber pollution. The PAEs concentration mean was 7035 ± 6829 ng/g, ww, having DEHP and DiNP as primary compounds. This study highlights pervasive contamination in Pacific Ocean sharks, emphasizing anthropogenic impact on top oceanic predators and providing essential insights for food safety and MP accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Huang Wang
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Feng Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yee Cheng Lim
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Frank Paolo Jay B Albarico
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Pei Tsai
- Department of Fisheries Production and Management, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Chen
- Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Di Dong
- Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, College of Hydrosphere Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan; Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City 81157, Taiwan.
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2
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García-Baciero A, Rendón-von Osten J, Pérez-Maturino V, Ramírez-Macías D. Whale shark Rhyncodon typus exposure to organochlorine pesticides in the Southern Gulf of California, Mexico. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 206:116748. [PMID: 39047603 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs), characterized by their high mobility and environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and trophic transfer. Considering the highly migratory nature and longevity of the whale shark, this species can be considered as an early warning bioindicator of regional contamination from the marine environment. This work investigated the concentration of twenty OCPs in thirty whale shark skin biopsies, collected between 2014 and 2015 in Bahía La Paz (Gulf of California, Mexico). Mean detected OCP levels were 33.99 ± 105.23 ng/g dw (dry weight), and ΣChlordane, ΣDrin, and ΣHCH showed the highest concentrations. Statistically differences in mean OCP concentration were not found by sex and size. PC1 and PC2 accounted for 68.1 % and 16.1 % of the total variance, respectively. The presence of higher levels of some pesticides than their corresponding metabolites suggests recent applications related to agricultural activity in the surrounding areas of Baja California peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto García-Baciero
- Whale Shark Mexico-Conexiones Terramar AC, Independencia 106, 23000 La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico
| | - Jaime Rendón-von Osten
- Instituto EPOMEX, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Campus VI, Av. Héroe de Nacozari 480, Campeche 24070, Mexico
| | - Valeria Pérez-Maturino
- Whale Shark Mexico-Conexiones Terramar AC, Independencia 106, 23000 La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico
| | - Dení Ramírez-Macías
- Whale Shark Mexico-Conexiones Terramar AC, Independencia 106, 23000 La Paz, B.C.S., Mexico.
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3
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Bauri S, Shekhar H, Sahoo H, Mishra M. Investigation of the effects of nanoplastic polyethylene terephthalate on environmental toxicology using model Drosophila melanogaster. Nanotoxicology 2024; 18:354-372. [PMID: 38958196 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2024.2368004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Plastic pollution has become a major environmental concern, and various plastic polymers are used daily. A study was conducted to examine the toxic effects of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) nanoplastics (NPLs) on Drosophila melanogaster. We have successfully synthesized PET NPLs and characterized using DLS, Zeta potential, TEM, HRTEM, SAED, XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy to gain crucial insights into the structure and properties. We fed PET NPLs to Drosophila to assess toxicity. ROS was quantified using DCFH-DA and NBT, and the nuclear degradation was checked by DAPI staining. Quantification of protein and activity of antioxidant enzymes like SOD, catalase depicted the adverse consequences of PET NPLs exposure. The dorsal side of the abdomens, eyes, and wings were also defective when phenotypically analyzed. These results substantiate the genotoxic and cytotoxic impact of nanoplastics. Notably, behavioral observations encompassing larval crawling and climbing of adults exhibit normal patterns, excluding the presence of neurotoxicity. Adult Drosophila showed decreased survivability, and fat accumulation enhanced body weight. These findings contribute to unraveling the intricate mechanisms underlying nanoplastic toxicity and emphasize its potential repercussions for organismal health and ecological equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Bauri
- Department of Life Science, Neural Developmental Biology Lab, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Himanshu Shekhar
- Department of Chemistry, Biophysical and Protein Chemistry Lab, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Harekrushna Sahoo
- Department of Chemistry, Biophysical and Protein Chemistry Lab, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
| | - Monalisa Mishra
- Department of Life Science, Neural Developmental Biology Lab, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, India
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4
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Lu HC, Smith JL, Ziajahromi S, Leusch FDL. Microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres in large apex shark species: Abundance, characteristics, and recommendations for future research. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140957. [PMID: 38128742 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics and microfibres are found ubiquitously in global oceans as well as marine organisms from different trophic levels. However, little is known about the presence of microplastics and microfibres in marine megafauna, such as sharks. This study provided the first investigation of the presence of microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres (i.e., cellulose based fibres) in intestine and muscle samples of four large apex shark species in Australian coastal waters. Microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres were found in 82% of the analysed intestine samples. The mean abundance in intestine samples was 3.1 ± 2.6 particles/individual, which corresponded to 0.03 ± 0.02 particles/g of intestine, across all shark species. The size of particles ranged from 190 to 4860 μm in length with 92% being fibrous in shape and the rest fragments. FTIR spectroscopy identified that 70% of fibres were cellulose-based followed by polyethylene terephthalate (PET), while the fragments were polyethylene and polypropylene. In shark muscles, 60% of samples contained microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres, again with the majority being cellulose-based fibres followed by PET fibres. Methodological differences hinder a more comprehensive assessment of microplastic contamination across studies. Additionally, we identified some challenges which should be factored in for future studies looking at the presence of microplastics as well as other anthropogenic fibres in these large marine organisms. Overall, the findings provide first evidence of microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres not only in the intestines, but also in muscle tissues of large apex shark species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsuan-Cheng Lu
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Julia L Smith
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Shima Ziajahromi
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Frederic D L Leusch
- Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport QLD 4222, Australia
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5
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Villagómez-Vélez SI, Noreña-Barroso E, Galván-Magaña F, González-Armas R, Rodríguez-Fuentes G, Marmolejo-Rodríguez AJ. Persistent Organic Pollutants in Whale Shark (Rhincodon typus) Skin Biopsies from Bahía de Los Ángeles, Mexico. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 112:18. [PMID: 38141110 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-023-03841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The whale shark (Rhincodon typus) is a filter-feeding organism that can be considered a sentinel species, and Bahía de los Ángeles (BLA) in the Gulf of California is an important sighting site for these elasmobranchs. This filter-feeding organism can be considered a pollutant sampler from the marine environment. Persistent organic pollutants are toxic compounds with high mobility and environmental persistence, bioaccumulation and trophic transfer. Among these are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). The present work aimed to determine concentrations of PAHs and OCPs in whale shark skin biopsies, collected in 2021 at BLA. Mean detected levels of PAHs and OCPs were 279.4 ng/g dw (dry weight) and 1478.1 ng/g dw, respectively. Analysis of similarities between the ordered sizes (4.2-7.6 m) and the concentrations of PAHs and OCPs indicated no significant differences. Individual PAHs detected indicate pyrogenic and petrogenic sources; the presence of pesticides at levels higher than those of hydrocarbons may be related to agricultural activity in the areas surrounding the Baja California peninsula. This study is the first report of PAH levels in R. typus for the Gulf of California and Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Itzel Villagómez-Vélez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Elsa Noreña-Barroso
- Unidad de Química en Sisal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto de Abrigo S/N, 97356, Sisal, Yucatán, México.
- Laboratorio Nacional de Resiliencia Costera (LANRESC), Puerto de Abrigo S/N, 97356, Sisal, Yucatán, México.
| | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Rogelio González-Armas
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
| | - Gabriela Rodríguez-Fuentes
- Unidad de Química en Sisal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Puerto de Abrigo S/N, 97356, Sisal, Yucatán, México
| | - Ana Judith Marmolejo-Rodríguez
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional S/N, 23096, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México
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6
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Borriello L, Scivicco M, Cacciola NA, Esposito F, Severino L, Cirillo T. Microplastics, a Global Issue: Human Exposure through Environmental and Dietary Sources. Foods 2023; 12:3396. [PMID: 37761106 PMCID: PMC10649135 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastic production has grown dramatically over the years. Microplastics (MPs) are formed from the fragmentation of larger plastic debris by combining chemical, physical, and biological processes and can degrade further to form nanoplastics (NPs). Because of their size, MPs and NPs are bioavailable to many organisms and can reach humans through transport along the food chain. In addition to the risk from ingesting MPs themselves, there are risks associated with the substances they carry, such as pesticides, pathogenic microorganisms, and heavy metals, and with the additives added to plastics to improve their characteristics. In addition, bioaccumulation and biomagnification can cause a cumulative exposure effect for organisms at the top of the food chain and humans. Despite the growing scientific interest in this emerging contaminant, the potential adverse effects remain unclear. The aim of this review is to summarize the characteristics (size, shape, color, and properties) of MPs in the environment, the primary sources, and the transport pathways in various environmental compartments, and to shed more light on the ecological impact of MPs and the potential health effects on organisms and humans by identifying human exposure pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucrezia Borriello
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Division of Toxicology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (N.A.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Marcello Scivicco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Division of Toxicology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (N.A.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Nunzio Antonio Cacciola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Division of Toxicology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (N.A.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Francesco Esposito
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Lorella Severino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, Division of Toxicology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (N.A.C.); (L.S.)
| | - Teresa Cirillo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy;
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7
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Battulga B, Atarashi-Andoh M, Koarashi J, Oyuntsetseg B, Kawahigashi M. Plastic-associated metal(loid)s in the urban river environments of Mongolia. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 261:115100. [PMID: 37285671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The widespread distribution of plastic debris in riverine environment is one of the major concerns of environmental pollution because of its potential impact on the aquatic ecosystem. In this study, we investigated the accumulation of metal(loid)s on polystyrene foam (PSF) plastics collected from the floodplain of the Tuul River of Mongolia. The metal(loid)s sorbed on plastics were extracted from the collected PSF via sonication after peroxide oxidation. The size-dependent association of metal(loid)s with plastics indicates that PSFs act as vectors for pollutants in the urban river environment. The mean concentrations of metal(loid)s (i.e., B, Cr, Cu, Na, and Pb) indicate a higher accumulation of the metal(loid)s on meso-sized PSFs compared with macro- and micro-sized PSFs. In addition, the images from scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated not only the degraded surface of plastics showing fractures, holes, and pits but also the adhered mineral particles and microorganisms on the PSFs. The interaction of metal(loid)s with plastics was probably facilitated by the physical and chemical properties of altered surface of plastics through photodegradation, followed by an increase in surface area by size reduction and/or biofilm development in the aquatic environment. The enrichment ratio (ER) of metals on PSF samples suggested the continuous accumulation of heavy metals on plastics. Our results demonstrate that the widespread plastic debris could be a carrier of hazardous chemicals in the environment. Considering that the negative impacts of plastic debris on environmental health are major concerns to be addressed, the fate and behavior of the plastics especially their interaction with pollutants in aquatic environments should be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batdulam Battulga
- Department of Geography, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan; Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan.
| | - Mariko Atarashi-Andoh
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Jun Koarashi
- Nuclear Science and Engineering Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Bolormaa Oyuntsetseg
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
| | - Masayuki Kawahigashi
- Department of Geography, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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8
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Bashirova N, Poppitz D, Klüver N, Scholz S, Matysik J, Alia A. A mechanistic understanding of the effects of polyethylene terephthalate nanoplastics in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1891. [PMID: 36732581 PMCID: PMC9894871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28712-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastic pollution, especially by nanoplastics (NPs), has become an emerging topic due to the widespread existence and accumulation in the environment. The research on bioaccumulation and toxicity mechanism of NPs from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), which is widely used for packaging material, have been poorly investigated. Herein, we report the first use of high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HRMAS) NMR based metabolomics in combination with toxicity assay and behavioural end points to get systems-level understanding of toxicity mechanism of PET NPs in intact zebrafish embryos. PET NPs exhibited significant alterations on hatching and survival rate. Accumulation of PET NPs in larvae were observed in liver, intestine, and kidney, which coincide with localization of reactive oxygen species in these areas. HRMAS NMR data reveal that PET NPs cause: (1) significant alteration of metabolites related to targeting of the liver and pathways associated with detoxification and oxidative stress; (2) impairment of mitochondrial membrane integrity as reflected by elevated levels of polar head groups of phospholipids; (3) cellular bioenergetics as evidenced by changes in numerous metabolites associated with interrelated pathways of energy metabolism. Taken together, this work provides for the first time a comprehensive system level understanding of toxicity mechanism of PET NPs exposure in intact larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narmin Bashirova
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.,Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - David Poppitz
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nils Klüver
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan Scholz
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jörg Matysik
- Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A Alia
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany. .,Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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9
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Pinho I, Amezcua F, Rivera JM, Green-Ruiz C, Piñón-Colin TDJ, Wakida F. First report of plastic contamination in batoids: Plastic ingestion by Haller's Round Ray (Urobatis halleri) in the Gulf of California. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 211:113077. [PMID: 35276199 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The presence of microplastics has been reported in the marine environment and these pollutants have also been reported in food webs. Information about the presence of microplastics in the Haller's Round Ray (Urobatis halleri) and bottom sediments off the east coast of the Gulf of California is non-existent. The digestive tracts of individuals of this species and sediment samples were examined for plastic particles in this region. In total, 107 plastic particles were found in the sediment. All were fibers and 94.4% were microplastics, the rest were mesoplastics. The gastrointestinal tracts of 142 rays were analysed, and it was determined that this is a benthic feeder. A total of 386 plastic particles were recovered from 46 individuals (32.4%). On average 10.2 (±7.4) plastic particles were found per specimen, with plastic lengths ranging from 0.00821 mm to 0.953 mm. The FTIR-ATR analysis revealed the presence of six types of polymers: polyamide or nylon polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyacrylic were found in both sediments and gastrointestinal tracts of Haller's Round Ray. Polyethylene terephthalate and polyacrylamide were only found in the gastrointestinal tracts of the ray. These polymers are consistent with the human activities undertaken in this area, specifically intensive small-scale and industrial fisheries, as they are used for the elaboration of fishing nets, plastic bags, storage containers, clothing, and fishing boats maintenance. Our results show that benthic feeders are exposed to plastic debris, and its presence is another potential threat to batoids, which are already threatened by bycatch, overfishing, and other pollutants. However, studies on the ingestion of plastic debris in batoids and its presence in the sediment are still scarce or non-existent for this region. As such, these studies are necessary to help in the preservation of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Pinho
- International MSc in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Ghent University, Marine Biology Research Group, Krijgslaan 281/S8, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Felipe Amezcua
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Joel Montes Camarena S/N, Mazatlán, Sin, 82040, Mexico.
| | - Jessica M Rivera
- Departamento de Ecología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ramón Padilla Sánchez 2100, Las Agujas, 44600, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Carlos Green-Ruiz
- Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Joel Montes Camarena S/N, Mazatlán, Sin, 82040, Mexico
| | - Teresita de Jesus Piñón-Colin
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, C.P. 22390, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
| | - Fernando Wakida
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas e Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Calzada Universidad 14418, Parque Industrial Internacional Tijuana, C.P. 22390, Tijuana, Baja California, Mexico
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10
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Orona-Návar C, García-Morales R, Loge FJ, Mahlknecht J, Aguilar-Hernández I, Ornelas-Soto N. Microplastics in Latin America and the Caribbean: A review on current status and perspectives. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 309:114698. [PMID: 35183939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A literature review was carried out to analyze the current status of microplastic research in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Specifically, this work focused on publications pertaining to (1) occurrence and distribution of microplastics in the environment, including water, sediments, and soil and (2) the environmental impact of MPs, particularly their presence and effects on aquatic and terrestrial organisms. The review included peer-reviewed articles from Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, Google Scholar and two iberoamerican open access databases (Redalyc and SciELO). It was found that LAC has only contributed to 5% of the global scientific output on microplastics, and overall the highest contributor within the region was Brazil (52%), followed by Chile (16%) and Mexico (13%). An additional section analyzing the barriers to conducting microplastic research in LAC and their exacerbation by the current COVID-19 pandemic was included to provide additional context behind the relatively low scientific production and improve recommendations encouraging research in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Orona-Návar
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., 64849, Mexico
| | - Raul García-Morales
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., 64849, Mexico; Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada Km. 107, C.P. 22860, Ensenada, B.C., Mexico
| | - Frank J Loge
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., 64849, Mexico
| | - Iris Aguilar-Hernández
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., 64849, Mexico.
| | - Nancy Ornelas-Soto
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L., 64849, Mexico.
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11
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Alves LMF, Lemos MFL, Cabral H, Novais SC. Elasmobranchs as bioindicators of pollution in the marine environment. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 176:113418. [PMID: 35150988 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Bioindicator species are increasingly valuable in environmental pollution monitoring, and elasmobranch species include many suitable candidates for that role. By measuring contaminants and employing biomarkers of effect in relevant elasmobranch species, scientists may gain important insights about the impacts of pollution in marine ecosystems. This review compiles biomarkers applied in elasmobranchs to assess the effect of pollutants (e.g., metals, persistent organic pollutants, and plastics), and the environmental changes induced by anthropogenic activities (e.g., shifts in marine temperature, pH, and oxygenation). Over 30 biomarkers measured in more than 12 species were examined, including biotransformation biomarkers (e.g., cytochrome P450 1A), oxidative stress-related biomarkers (e.g., superoxide anion, lipid peroxidation, catalase, and vitamins), stress proteins (e.g., heat shock protein 70), reproductive and endocrine biomarkers (e.g., vitellogenin), osmoregulation biomarkers (e.g., trimethylamine N-oxide, Na+/K+-ATPase, and plasma ions), energetic and neurotoxic biomarkers (e.g., lactate dehydrogenase, lactate, and cholinesterases), and histopathological and morphologic biomarkers (e.g., tissue lesions and gross indices).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís M F Alves
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal.
| | - Marco F L Lemos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
| | | | - Sara C Novais
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Politécnico de Leiria, Portugal
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12
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Renaguli A, Fernando S, Holsen TM, Hopke PK, Adams DH, Balazs GH, Jones TT, Work TM, Lynch JM, Crimmins BS. Characterization of Halogenated Organic Compounds in Pelagic Sharks and Sea Turtles Using a Nontargeted Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16390-16401. [PMID: 34846854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated organic compounds (HOCs) in marine species collected from the Atlantic Ocean [3 shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus) and 1 porbeagle (Lamna nasus)], and 12 sea turtles collected from the Pacific Ocean [3 loggerhead (Caretta caretta), 3 green (Chelonia mydas), 3 olive ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea), and 3 hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata)] were analyzed with a nontargeted analytical method using two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Sharks and sea turtles had distinct HOC profiles. Halogenated methoxyphenols (halo-MeOPs) were the most abundant compound class identified in sea turtle livers, while polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were the most abundant in shark livers. In addition to legacy contaminants and halo-MeOPs, a total of 110 nontargeted/novel HOCs (NHOCs) were observed in the shark livers. Shortfin mako collected from the northern Gulf of Mexico contained the largest number (89) and most diverse structural classes of NHOCs. Among all NHOCs, a group of compounds with the elemental composition C14H12-nCln (n = 5-8) exhibited the highest concentrations, followed by chlorocarbazoles and tris(chlorophenyl) methanes (TCPMs). Using nontargeted workflows, a variety of known and unknown HOCs were observed, which demonstrate the need to develop more complete chemical profiles in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikebaier Renaguli
- Institute for a Sustainable Environment, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Sujan Fernando
- Center for Air and Aquatic Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Thomas M Holsen
- Center for Air and Aquatic Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Philip K Hopke
- Center for Air and Aquatic Resources Engineering and Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
| | - Douglas H Adams
- Cape Canaveral Scientific Inc., 220 Surf Road, Melbourne Beach, Florida 32951, United States
| | - George H Balazs
- Golden Honu Services of Oceania, Honolulu, Hawaii 96825 United States
| | - T Todd Jones
- Golden Honu Services of Oceania, Honolulu, Hawaii 96825 United States
| | - Thierry M Work
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Wildlife Health Center, Honolulu Field Station, Honolulu, Hawaii 96818, United States
| | - Jennifer M Lynch
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Chemical Sciences Division, 41-202 Kalaniana'ole Highway Ste #9, Waima̅nalo, Hawai'i 96795, United States
- Center for Marine Debris Research, Hawai'i Pacific University, 41-202 Kalaniana'ole Highway Ste #9, Waima̅nalo, Hawai'i 96795, United States
| | - Bernard S Crimmins
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699, United States
- AEACS, LLC, New Kensington, Pennsylvania 15068, United States
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13
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Becerril-García EE, Pancaldi F, Cruz-Villacorta AA, Rivera-Camacho AR, Aguilar-Cruz CA, Whitehead DA, González-Armas R, Arellano-Martínez M, Galván-Magaña F. General descriptions of the dermis structure of a juvenile whale shark Rhincodon typus from the Gulf of California. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:1524-1528. [PMID: 34159587 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to provide preliminary observations on the microanatomy of Rhincodon typus skin using histology and electron microscopy analyses. Skin biopsies were obtained from a deceased juvenile male shark (548 cm total length) stranded in La Paz, Mexico, during February 2018. The results of this study evidenced the basic structure of the dermal denticles in the epidermis of the trunk of the shark, as well as the composition of the connective tissue in the hypodermis. Histological images of the hypodermis showed a high concentration of collagen fibres, formed by a large number of fine and wavy fibres of compact shape and little intercellular substance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar E Becerril-García
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Mexico
- Pelagios Kakunjá A.C, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Francesca Pancaldi
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Mexico
| | | | - Alma R Rivera-Camacho
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Carlos A Aguilar-Cruz
- Departamento Académico de Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Darren A Whitehead
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Mexico
- Pelagios Kakunjá A.C, La Paz, Mexico
| | - Rogelio González-Armas
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Mexico
| | | | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, La Paz, Mexico
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14
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Yong MMH, Leistenschneider C, Miranda JA, Paler MK, Legaspi C, Germanov E, Araujo G, Burkhardt-Holm P, Erni-Cassola G. Microplastics in fecal samples of whale sharks ( Rhincodon typus) and from surface water in the Philippines. MICROPLASTICS AND NANOPLASTICS 2021; 1:17. [PMID: 34939039 PMCID: PMC8475362 DOI: 10.1186/s43591-021-00017-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Marine plastic abundance has increased over the past 60 years and microplastics (< 5 mm) constitute a primary component of such litter. Filter-feeding megafauna, such as the whale shark, might be particularly affected by microplastic pollution as their feeding mode requires filtration of up to thousands of cubic meters of water. In addition, the habitat range of whale sharks intersects with several recognized microplastic pollution hotspots, among which is the Coral Triangle. Direct evidence for microplastic ingestion in whale sharks however, has not yet been presented. Here we show that whale shark scat collected in the Philippines from 2012 to 2019 contained a mean of 2.8 microplastics g- 1. Contrary to our expectations, the microplastic concentration in the scat remained consistent from 2012 to 2019. Water samples from the study site in 2019 indicated that the local microplastic pollution (5.83 particles m- 3) was higher than in surface waters in other whale shark habitats, but well below other pollution hot-spots found in Southeast Asia and China (range: 100-4100 particles m- 3). With the predicted growth in plastic use, leading to increased plastic marine pollution, whale sharks are expected to become more exposed to this form of pollution. To what extent microplastic ingestion impacts the overall health status of this endangered species remains an open question. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s43591-021-00017-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mila Mi Hua Yong
- Man-Society-Environment (Programme MGU), Department of Environmental Sciences), University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Clara Leistenschneider
- Man-Society-Environment (Programme MGU), Department of Environmental Sciences), University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joni Anne Miranda
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, 6308 Jagna, Bohol Philippines
| | - Maria Kristina Paler
- Department of Biology, University of San Carlos, Talamban, Cebu City, Philippines
| | - Christine Legaspi
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, 6308 Jagna, Bohol Philippines
| | - Elitza Germanov
- Marine Megafauna Foundation, 11260 Donner Pass Road, Unit 256, Truckee, CA 96161 USA
| | - Gonzalo Araujo
- Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, 6308 Jagna, Bohol Philippines
- Marine Research and Conservation Foundation, Somerset, TA4 3SJ UK
| | - Patricia Burkhardt-Holm
- Man-Society-Environment (Programme MGU), Department of Environmental Sciences), University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriel Erni-Cassola
- Man-Society-Environment (Programme MGU), Department of Environmental Sciences), University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
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15
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Menezes-Sousa D, Alonso MB, Pizzochero AC, Viana D, Roque P, Hazin FHV, Torres JPM. Equatorial Atlantic pelagic predators reveal low content of PBDEs in contrast to MeO-BDEs: An analysis of brominated diphenyl ethers in blue shark and yellowfin tuna. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147820. [PMID: 34029810 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their methoxylated analogues (MeO-BDEs) are widely distributed in the environment. The main concern about the presence of PBDEs and MeO-BDEs in fish is due to their potential endocrine disruption effects in the specimens, and their potential risk to the health of human consumers. Considering these concerns, the goal of this study was to investigate the occurrence of PBDEs and MeO-BDEs in muscle tissues of blue shark (BSH), Prionace glauca, and yellowfin tuna (YFT), Thunnus albacares, caught in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean (EAO), North-eastern Brazilian waters, and to evaluate the potential risk of human exposure by consumption. Muscle tissues of YFT and BSH were extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus and an Accelerated Solvent Extractor (ASE), respectively. PBDEs and MeO-BDEs were analysed by GC-NCI-MS. Concentrations of PBDEs ranged from not detected (nd) to 10 ng g-1 lipid weight (lw) in YFT muscle samples, while PBDE levels in BSH muscle samples ranged from <LOQ to 34 ng g-1 lw. Regarding MeO-BDEs, the concentration ranged from 55 to 578 ng g-1 lw and from <LOQ to 263 ng g-1 lw in YFT and BSH muscle samples, respectively. MeO-BDE congeners contribution in both YFT and BSH indicated a predominance of 2'-MeO-BDE-68, which is associated to the sponges or sponge-microbiota metabolites. ∑PBDE were statistically similar between YFT and BSH, as well as observed for ∑MeO-BDE. PBDEs and MeO-BDEs in YFT and BSH represent a low potential risk of human exposure through the consumption of edible tissues. Further studies are necessary for a complete assessment of human safety and species conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhoone Menezes-Sousa
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Organic Micropollutants Laboratory Jan Japenga, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Batha Alonso
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Organic Micropollutants Laboratory Jan Japenga, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Pizzochero
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Radioisotopes Laboratory Eduardo Penna Franca, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Danielle Viana
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Fisheries Oceanography Laboratory, R. Dom Manuel de Medeiros S/N, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Pollyana Roque
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Fisheries Oceanography Laboratory, R. Dom Manuel de Medeiros S/N, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Fábio Hissa Vieira Hazin
- Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Fisheries Oceanography Laboratory, R. Dom Manuel de Medeiros S/N, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - João Paulo Machado Torres
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Organic Micropollutants Laboratory Jan Japenga, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373 CCS - Bl. G, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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16
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Pollution Biomarkers in the Framework of Marine Biodiversity Conservation: State of Art and Perspectives. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13131847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Marine biodiversity is threatened by several anthropogenic pressures. Pollution deriving from the discharge of chemical contaminants in the sea represents one of the main threats to the marine environment, influencing the health of organisms, their ability to recover their homeostatic status, and in turn endangering biodiversity. Molecular and cellular responses to chemical pollutants, known as biomarkers, are effect-based methodologies useful for detecting exposure and for assessing the effects of pollutants on biota in environmental monitoring. The present review analyzes and discusses the recent literature on the use of biomarkers in the framework of biodiversity conservation. The study shows that pollution biomarkers can be useful tools for monitoring and assessment of pollution threat to marine biodiversity, both in the environmental quality monitoring of protected areas and the assessment of the health status of species at risk. Moreover, key areas of the research that need further development are suggested, such as the development of omics-based biomarkers specifically addressed to conservation purposes and their validation in the field, the extension of the biomarker study to a wider number of endangered species, and the development of organic guidelines for the application of the biomarker approach in support to conservation policies and management.
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17
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Argeswara J, Hendrawan IG, Dharma IGBS, Germanov E. What's in the soup? Visual characterization and polymer analysis of microplastics from an Indonesian manta ray feeding ground. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 168:112427. [PMID: 33984577 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plastics in marine environments vary in their physical and chemical properties, influencing their risk to biota once ingested. Manta rays are large filter-feeders that ingest plastics. To assess this risk, we characterized the plastics in a critical feeding habitat off Nusa Penida, Indonesia. We examined the color and polymer composition of sampled small-sized plastics (<30 mm). Plastics were mostly secondary microplastics and transparent (46%), white/off-white (24%), and blue/green (22%). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of plastics grouped according to type (films, fragments, foam, or lines) and color indicated that most plastics were polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP) (99%), with the remainder polystyrene and polyester. Visual characterization aligned with single polymer composition in seven out of ten groups. Although PE and PP have relatively low toxicity compared to other plastics, their composing monomers and associated pollutants and microbes are of concern to manta rays and other marine biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Argeswara
- Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia; Marine Megafauna Foundation, Truckee, CA, United States.
| | | | | | - Elitza Germanov
- Marine Megafauna Foundation, Truckee, CA, United States; Environmental and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia; Aquatic Megafauna Research Unit, Centre for Sustainable Aquatic Ecosystems, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
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18
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Lyons K, Adams DH, Bizzarro JJ. Evaluation of muscle tissue as a non-lethal proxy for liver and brain organic contaminant loads in an elasmobranch, the Bonnethead Shark (Sphyrna tiburo). MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 167:112327. [PMID: 33873040 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Elasmobranch ecotoxicological investigations are complicated because accessing organs that accumulate organic contaminants is usually lethal. Several metrics among liver, muscle, and brain were evaluated to determine their relative organic contaminant loads and the efficacy of using muscle as a non-lethal proxy for liver. Liver contained the highest concentrations (368-4020 ng/g wet weigth [ww]) and greatest estimated total load of contaminants. Brain had higher toxin concentrations than muscle (4.18-84.2 ng/g ww versus 0.94-4.73 ng/g ww). Liver and brain were similar to each other in terms of contaminant detection occurrence and signature overlap, whereas muscle poorly reflected those of liver and brain. However, the identity of contaminants detected in muscle constituted those that substantially contributed to summed liver and brain concentrations. Thus, studies utilizing muscle as a non-lethal liver alternative to study organic contaminant exposure in elasmobranchs should craft questions with care, considering its limited ability to serve as an accurate proxy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kady Lyons
- Georgia Aquarium, 225 Baker St NW, Atlanta, GA 30313, USA.
| | - Douglas H Adams
- Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Melbourne FL, USA
| | - Joseph J Bizzarro
- Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, Moss Landing CA, USA; University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz CA, USA
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19
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Huang D, Tao J, Cheng M, Deng R, Chen S, Yin L, Li R. Microplastics and nanoplastics in the environment: Macroscopic transport and effects on creatures. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124399. [PMID: 33191019 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Industrial progress has brought us an important polymer material, i.e. plastic. Because of mass production and use, and improper management and disposal, plastic pollution has become one of the most pivotal environmental issues in the world today. However, the current researches on microplastics/nanoplastics are mainly focused on individual aquatic, terrestrial and atmospheric environments, ignoring the fact that the natural environment is a whole. In this regard, the transport of microplastics/nanoplastics among the three environment compartments, including reciprocal contributions and inherent connections, and the impact of microplastics/nanoplastics on organisms living in multiple environments are research problems that we pay special attention to. Furthermore, this paper comprehensively reviews the transport and distribution of microplastics/nanoplastics in individual compartments and the toxicity of organisms, either alone or in combination with other pollutants. The properties of microplastics/nanoplastics, environment condition and the growth habit of organisms are critical to the transport, distribution and toxicity of microplastics/nanoplastics. These knowledge gaps need to be addressed urgently to improve cognition of the degree of plastic pollution and enhance our ability to deal with pollution. Meanwhile, it is hoped that the paper can provide a relatively complete theoretical knowledge system and multiple "leads" for future innovative ideas in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danlian Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Jiaxi Tao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Min Cheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Rui Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Sha Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Lingshi Yin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Ruijin Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control, Hunan University, Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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20
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Huang W, Song B, Liang J, Niu Q, Zeng G, Shen M, Deng J, Luo Y, Wen X, Zhang Y. Microplastics and associated contaminants in the aquatic environment: A review on their ecotoxicological effects, trophic transfer, and potential impacts to human health. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 405:124187. [PMID: 33153780 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The microplastic pollution and related ecological impacts in the aquatic environment have attracted global attention over the past decade. Microplastics can be ingested by aquatic organisms from different trophic levels either directly or indirectly, and transferred along aquatic food chains, causing different impacts on life activities of aquatic organisms. In addition, microplastics can adsorb various environmental chemical contaminants and release toxic plastic additives, thereby serving as a sink and source of these associated chemical contaminants and potentially changing their toxicity, bioavailability, and fate. However, knowledge regarding the potential risks of microplastics and associated chemical contaminants (e.g., hydrophobic organic contaminants, heavy metals, plastic additives) on diverse organisms, especially top predators, remains to be explored. Herein, this review describes the effects of microplastics on typical aquatic organisms from different trophic levels, and systematically summarizes the combined effects of microplastics and associated contaminants on aquatic biota. Furthermore, we highlight the research progress on trophic transfer of microplastics and associated contaminants along aquatic food chain. Finally, potential human health concerns about microplastics via the food chain and dietary exposure are discussed. This work is expected to provide a meaningful perspective for better understanding the potential impacts of microplastics and associated contaminants on aquatic ecology and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Biao Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jie Liang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Qiuya Niu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Guangming Zeng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Maocai Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Jiaqin Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yuan Luo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Wen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, PR China
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21
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Consales G, Marsili L. Assessment of the conservation status of Chondrichthyans: underestimation of the pollution threat. THE EUROPEAN ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2020.1858981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- G. Consales
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy
| | - L. Marsili
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Inter-University Center of Cetacean Research (CIRCE), Siena, Italy
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22
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Vighi M, Bayo J, Fernández-Piñas F, Gago J, Gómez M, Hernández-Borges J, Herrera A, Landaburu J, Muniategui-Lorenzo S, Muñoz AR, Rico A, Romera-Castillo C, Viñas L, Rosal R. Micro and Nano-Plastics in the Environment: Research Priorities for the Near Future. REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 257:163-218. [PMID: 34487249 DOI: 10.1007/398_2021_69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plastic litter dispersed in the different environmental compartments represents one of the most concerning problems associated with human activities. Specifically, plastic particles in the micro and nano size scale are ubiquitous and represent a threat to human health and the environment. In the last few decades, a huge amount of research has been devoted to evaluate several aspects of micro/nano-plastic contamination: origin and emissions, presence in different compartments, environmental fate, effects on human health and the environment, transfer in the food web and the role of associated chemicals and microorganisms. Nevertheless, despite the bulk of information produced, several knowledge gaps still exist. The objective of this paper is to highlight the most important of these knowledge gaps and to provide suggestions for the main research needs required to describe and understand the most controversial points to better orient the research efforts for the near future. Some of the major issues that need further efforts to improve our knowledge on the exposure, effects and risk of micro/nano-plastics are: harmonization of sampling procedures; development of more accurate, less expensive and less time-consuming analytical methods; assessment of degradation patterns and environmental fate of fragments; evaluating the capabilities for bioaccumulation and transfer to the food web; and evaluating the fate and the impact of chemicals and microorganisms associated with micro/nano-plastics. The major gaps in all sectors of our knowledge, from exposure to potentially harmful effects, refer to small size microplastics and, particularly, to the occurrence, fate and effects of nanoplastics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javier Bayo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Spain
| | | | - Jesús Gago
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Vigo, Spain
| | - May Gómez
- EOMAR: Marine Ecophysiology Group, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Javier Hernández-Borges
- Departamento de Química, Unidad Departamental de Química Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
| | - Alicia Herrera
- EOMAR: Marine Ecophysiology Group, IU-ECOAQUA, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | | | - Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo
- Grupo Química Analítica Aplicada, Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Antonio-Román Muñoz
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Andreu Rico
- IMDEA-Water Institute, Madrid, Spain
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Romera-Castillo
- Department of Marine Biology and Oceanography, Institut de Ciències del Mar-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Viñas
- Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), Vigo, Spain
| | - Roberto Rosal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain.
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Suman KH, Haque MN, Uddin MJ, Begum MS, Sikder MH. Toxicity and biomarkers of micro-plastic in aquatic environment: a review. Biomarkers 2020; 26:13-25. [PMID: 33305964 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2020.1863470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs; <5 mm) are found in all aquatic environments. Due to harmful impacts, MPs pose a great threat to the aquatic ecology. Therefore, this review aims to provide an overview of the risk, bioavailability, and toxicity of MPs in aquatic organisms. Various factors affecting MPs bioavailability and level of risks at cellular and molecular level on aquatic organisms are comprehensively discussed. More specifically biomarkers for antioxidant response (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reductase, and glutathione S-transferase), neurotoxic impairment (acetylcholinesterase), lysosomal activity alteration, and genotoxicity have been discussed in detail. Biomarkers are powerful tool in the monitoring programme, but the collection of literature on biomarkers for MPs is limited. Thus, here we demonstrate how to evaluate MPs impact, in monitoring programme, on organisms using biomarkers in aquatic environment. This review would broaden the existing knowledge on the toxic effect and biomarkers of MPs and offer research priorities for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamrul Hassan Suman
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Md Niamul Haque
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Jamal Uddin
- ABEx Bio-Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Most Shirina Begum
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahmudul Hasan Sikder
- Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
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24
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Garzon F, Graham RT, Witt MJ, Hawkes LA. Ecological niche modeling reveals manta ray distribution and conservation priority areas in the Western Central Atlantic. Anim Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Garzon
- MarAlliance Sal Rei Cabo Verde
- Hatherley Laboratories University of Exeter College of Life and Environmental Sciences Exeter UK
| | | | - M. J. Witt
- Hatherley Laboratories University of Exeter College of Life and Environmental Sciences Exeter UK
| | - L. A. Hawkes
- Hatherley Laboratories University of Exeter College of Life and Environmental Sciences Exeter UK
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25
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Tiktak GP, Butcher D, Lawrence PJ, Norrey J, Bradley L, Shaw K, Preziosi R, Megson D. Are concentrations of pollutants in sharks, rays and skates (Elasmobranchii) a cause for concern? A systematic review. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 160:111701. [PMID: 33181965 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This review represents a comprehensive analysis on pollutants in elasmobranchs including meta-analysis on the most studied pollutants: mercury, cadmium, PCBs and DDTs, in muscle and liver tissue. Elasmobranchs are particularly vulnerable to pollutant exposure which may pose a risk to the organism as well as humans that consume elasmobranch products. The highest concentrations of pollutants were found in sharks occupying top trophic levels (Carcharhiniformes and Lamniformes). A human health risk assessment identified that children and adults consuming shark once a week are exposed to over three times more mercury than is recommended by the US EPA. This poses a risk to local fishing communities and international consumers of shark-based products, as well as those subject to the widespread mislabelling of elasmobranch products. Wider screening studies are recommended to determine the risk to elasmobranchs from emerging pollutants and more robust studies are recommended to assess the risks to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guuske P Tiktak
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK.
| | - Demi Butcher
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Peter J Lawrence
- Bangor University, School of Ocean Sciences, Askew St, Menai Bridge, Wales LL59 5AB, UK
| | - John Norrey
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Lee Bradley
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Kirsty Shaw
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Richard Preziosi
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - David Megson
- Ecology & Environment Research Centre, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
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26
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Petatán-Ramírez D, Whitehead DA, Guerrero-Izquierdo T, Ojeda-Ruiz MA, Becerril-García EE. Habitat suitability of Rhincodon typus in three localities of the Gulf of California: Environmental drivers of seasonal aggregations. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 97:1177-1186. [PMID: 32794219 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The whale shark is an endangered species that usually feeds in coastal areas of highly productive seas such as the Gulf of California, Mexico. This study aims to describe the effect of sea surface temperature, chlorophyll a, bathymetry and slope on the habitat suitability of whale sharks in three important aggregation sites of the Gulf of California. A total of 2396 records of occurrence of whale sharks were obtained from international databases and scientific literature between 1996 and 2018. These records were used for the creation of a species distribution model using MaxEnt for each of the three aggregation sites. The concentration of chlorophyll a explained 71% of the habitat suitability, followed by bathymetry and slope with a combined 17%, and sea surface temperature constituting 10% of the model. Habitat suitability was related to areas where nontargeted fisheries may impact whale sharks through bycatch, entanglement and ship strikes. The implications for the conservation of whale sharks should be considered for management decisions in terms of marine protected areas, fishing refugees or bans, and other regulations regarding fisheries activities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Darren A Whitehead
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, La Paz, Mexico
- Pelagios Kakunjá A.C., La Paz, Mexico
| | | | | | - Edgar E Becerril-García
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas, La Paz, Mexico
- Pelagios Kakunjá A.C., La Paz, Mexico
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27
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Parton KJ, Godley BJ, Santillo D, Tausif M, Omeyer LCM, Galloway TS. Investigating the presence of microplastics in demersal sharks of the North-East Atlantic. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12204. [PMID: 32699221 PMCID: PMC7376218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is ubiquitous in the marine environment and is ingested by numerous marine species. Sharks are an understudied group regarding their susceptibility to microplastic ingestion. Here, we provide evidence of ingestion of microplastic and other anthropogenic fibres in four demersal sharks species found in the waters of the United Kingdom and investigate whether body burdens of contamination vary according to species, sex or size. Sharks were collected from the North-East Atlantic. Stomachs and digestive tracts of 46 sharks of 4 species were examined and 67% of samples contained at least one contaminant particle. Although we acknowledge modest sample size, estimated particle burden increased with body size but did not vary systematically with sex or species. A total of 379 particles were identified, leading to median estimates ranging from 2 to 7.5 ingested contaminants per animal for the 4 species. The majority were fibrous in nature (95%) and blue (88%) or black (9%) in colour. A subsample of contaminants (N = 62) were subject to FT-IR spectroscopy and polymers identified as: synthetic cellulose (33.3%), polypropylene (25%), polyacrylamides (10%) and polyester (8.3%). The level of risk posed to shark species by this level of contamination is unknown. Nevertheless, this study presents the first empirical evidence and an important baseline for ingestion of microplastics and other anthropogenic fibres in native UK shark species and highlights the pervasive nature of these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian J Parton
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK.
| | - Brendan J Godley
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - David Santillo
- Greenpeace Research Laboratories, School of Biosciences, Innovation Centre Phase 2, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Muhammad Tausif
- Textile Technology Research Group, School of Design, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Lucy C M Omeyer
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK
| | - Tamara S Galloway
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter, Devon, EX4 4QD, UK
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28
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Arias A, Recabarren Villalón T, Ronda A. Uso de biomarcadores en la evaluación ambiental de ecosistemas marinos en América. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.26359/52462.0719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The use of biomarkers in the assessment of the marine environmental status offers an integrated approach to the effects caused by diverse pollutants. This article compiles and analyzes the original research on the study of possible biomarkers in wild coastal-marine organisms from America. One of the outcomes of this review research is the need for a continuous evaluation of organisms in conjunction with the assessment of environmental vari-ables and the levels of pollutants that may be found in any ecosystem. It is well stated that the use of biomarkers is a practical tool for the environmental management; however, some limitations apply and there are several questions in regards to specificity, sensibility, usability, replicability, and interpretation to be solved, yet. Along the American continent, multiple biomarkers have been used to evaluate specific pollutants or highly impacted zones at marine-coastal environments. The most commonly used organisms are fishes and bivalves and they have been also extensively used in marine turtles. In regards of the type of biomarkers, plenty of authors integrate biomarkers from different groups, sorted in this review as biometric biomarkers (morphologic and corporal in-dexes), histological biomarkers (for tissues), molecular biomarkers (genetic) and biochemical and physiological biomarkers (both at the cellular and molecular levels). Following this classification, the most used biomarkers were biochemical and physiological biomarkers, due to the great advantages and information that they provide. It is of utmost importance to set guidelines and referenced threshold values for each biomarker to allow the early environmental diagnosis and integrated evaluation of harmful pollutants effects.
Keywords: Biomarkers, environmental assessment, America.
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29
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Peng L, Fu D, Qi H, Lan CQ, Yu H, Ge C. Micro- and nano-plastics in marine environment: Source, distribution and threats - A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 698:134254. [PMID: 31514025 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plastic litters have become the predominant components of marine debris due to extensive consumption plastics and mismanagement of plastic wastes. As part of the problem, microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have generated special concerns due to their unique features that make them easy to transfer among oceans in the marine ecosystem, across different trophic levels inside the food web, and even across different tissues inside contaminated animals. Studies have demonstrated the almost omnipresence of MPs in the marine ecosystem, which present serious threats to the health of marine animals, causing symptoms such as malnutrition, inflammation, chemical poisoning, growth thwarting, decrease of fecundity, and death due to damages at individual, organ, tissue, cell, and molecule levels. The information on NPs in the marine ecosystem has been scarce due to the challenges in sampling and detecting these nano-scaled entities. In vitro and in vivo experiments have demonstrated that NPs have the potential to penetrate different biological barriers including the gastrointestinal barrier and the brain blood barrier and have been detected in many important organs such as brains, the circulation system and livers of sampled animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Peng
- Department of Environmental Science, Hainan University, China
| | - Dongdong Fu
- Department of Environmental Science, Hainan University, China
| | - Huaiyuan Qi
- Department of Environmental Science, Hainan University, China
| | - Christopher Q Lan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada.
| | - Huamei Yu
- Department of Environmental Science, Hainan University, China
| | - Chengjun Ge
- Department of Environmental Science, Hainan University, China
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30
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Galafassi S, Nizzetto L, Volta P. Plastic sources: A survey across scientific and grey literature for their inventory and relative contribution to microplastics pollution in natural environments, with an emphasis on surface water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 693:133499. [PMID: 31377368 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Plastic debris are at present recognized as an emerging potential threat for natural environments, wildlife and humans. In the past years an increasing attention has been addressed to investigate the presence and concentration of plastic debris in the ecosystems, including surface waters. Scientific literature extensively describes the ingestion by aquatic fauna, the transfer into food webs and the potential action as a vector for toxic compounds or alien microorganisms. Although the scientific community addresses this issue with considerable effort, many questions remain open. In particular, new sources of microplastics have been recently recognized, possibly representing major environmental inputs compared to those previously considered. In addition to the already renowned sources such as the embrittlement of plastic litter and microbeads released from personal care products, microplastic can be released also by washing of synthetic clothes, abrasion of vehicles tyres and from the weathering of different kind of paints. This review tries to exhaustively enumerate all the possible sources of plastic litter that have been identified so far and to report quantitative assessments of their inputs on microplastics pollution to natural environments reported in scientific and grey literature, with an emphasis on surface waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Galafassi
- CNR - Water Research Institute, Largo Tonolli 50, 28922, Verbania, Italy.
| | - Luca Nizzetto
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo NO-0349, Norway; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Pietro Volta
- CNR - Water Research Institute, Largo Tonolli 50, 28922, Verbania, Italy
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31
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Agamuthu P, Mehran SB, Norkhairah A, Norkhairiyah A. Marine debris: A review of impacts and global initiatives. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2019; 37:987-1002. [PMID: 31084415 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x19845041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Marine debris, defined as any persistent manufactured or processed solid material discarded, disposed of or abandoned in the marine and coastal environment, has been highlighted as a contaminant of global environmental and economic concern. The five main categories of marine debris comprise of plastic, paper, metal, textile, glass and rubber. Plastics is recognised as the major constituent of marine debris, representing between 50% and 90% of the total marine debris found globally. Between 4.8 and 12.7 million metric tonnes of consumer plastics end up in the world oceans annually, resulting in the presence of more than 100 million particles of macroplastics in only 12 regional seas worldwide, and with 51 trillion particles of microplastic floating on the ocean surface globally. The impacts of marine debris can be branched out into three categories; injury to or death of marine organisms, harm to marine environment and effects on human health and economy. Marine mammals often accidentally ingest marine debris because of its appearance that can easily be mistaken as food. Moreover, floating plastics may act as vehicles for chemicals and/or environmental contaminants, which may be absorbed on to their surface during their use and permanence into the environment. Additionally, floating plastics is a potential vector for the introduction of invasive species that get attached to it, into the marine environment. In addition, human beings are not excluded from the impact of marine debris as they become exposed to microplastics through seafood consumption. Moreover, landscape degradation owing to debris accumulation is an eyesore and aesthetically unpleasant, thus resulting in decreased tourism and subsequent income loss. There are a wide range of initiatives that have been taken to tackle the issue of marine debris. They may involve manual removal of marine debris from coastal and aquatic environment in form of programmes and projects organised, such as beach clean-ups by scientific communities, non-governmental organizations and the removal of marine litter from Europe's four regional seas, respectively. Other initiatives focus on assessment, reduction, prevention and management of marine debris under the umbrella of international (the United Nations Environment Programme/Mediterranean Action Plan, the Oslo/Paris Convention) and regional organisations - that is, the Helsinki Commission. There are also a number of international conventions and national regulations that encourage mitigation and management of marine debris. However, it is argued that these initiatives are short-term unsustainable solutions and the long-term sustainable solution would be adoption of circular economy. Similarly, four of the sustainable developmental goals have targets that promote mitigation of marine debris by efficient waste management and practice of 3R. As evident by the Ad Hoc Expert Group on Marine Litter and Microplastics meeting, tackling the marine debris crisis is not a straightforward, one-size-fits-all solution, but rather an integrated and continuous effort required at local, regional and global level.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Agamuthu
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Center for Research in Waste Management, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S B Mehran
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Norkhairah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Norkhairiyah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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32
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Pelamatti T, Fonseca-Ponce IA, Rios-Mendoza LM, Stewart JD, Marín-Enríquez E, Marmolejo-Rodriguez AJ, Hoyos-Padilla EM, Galván-Magaña F, González-Armas R. Seasonal variation in the abundance of marine plastic debris in Banderas Bay, Mexico. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 145:604-610. [PMID: 31590830 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A floating plastic monitoring program was conducted for two years on a weekly basis in Banderas Bay, Mexico. A total of 94 samples were collected from May 2016 to April 2018 in the southern part of the bay. Half (57%) of them contained plastic debris; 79% of it being <5 mm in length. Polypropylene and Polyethylene were the most abundant polymers, accounting for 45% and 43% of the plastic pieces (pp), respectively. The highest abundance of plastic pieces was found in July 2016, with a maximum of 0.3 pp/m3 found in one sample. The amount of floating plastics was significantly higher in the hurricane season compared to the dry season (p < 0.001). This suggests that rainfall may play a significant role in the offload of plastics from land-based sources into the bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Pelamatti
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN), Av. IPN s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico; Pelagios Kakunjá A.C., Sinaloa 1540, Las Garzas, 23070 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Iliana A Fonseca-Ponce
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN), Av. IPN s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico; Instituto Tecnológico de Bahía de Banderas, Crucero a Punta de Mita S/N, Bahía de Banderas 63734, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Lorena M Rios-Mendoza
- University of Wisconsin-Superior, Department of Natural Sciences, Chemistry Program, Belknap and Catlin, PO Box 2000, Superior, WI 54880, USA
| | - Joshua D Stewart
- The Manta Trust, Catemwood House, Norwood Lane, Dorset DT2 0NT, UK
| | - Emigdio Marín-Enríquez
- CONACYT - Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Paseo Claussen s/n Col. Los Pinos, C.P. 82000 Mazatlán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Ana J Marmolejo-Rodriguez
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN), Av. IPN s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Edgar M Hoyos-Padilla
- Pelagios Kakunjá A.C., Sinaloa 1540, Las Garzas, 23070 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Felipe Galván-Magaña
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN), Av. IPN s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Rogelio González-Armas
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN), Av. IPN s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
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33
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Parton KJ, Galloway TS, Godley BJ. Global review of shark and ray entanglement in anthropogenic marine debris. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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34
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Franzellitti S, Canesi L, Auguste M, Wathsala RHGR, Fabbri E. Microplastic exposure and effects in aquatic organisms: A physiological perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2019; 68:37-51. [PMID: 30870694 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The impact of microplastics (MPs) on aquatic life, given their ubiquitous presence in the water compartment, represents a growing concern. Consistently, scientific knowledge is advancing rapidly, although evidence on actual adverse effects is still highly fragmented. This paper summarizes the recent literature on MP impacts on aquatic organisms in an attempt to link routes of uptake, possible alterations of physiological processes, and outcomes at different levels of biological organization. Animal feeding strategies and MP biodistribution is discussed, alongside with relevant effects at molecular, cellular, and systemic level. Pathways from animal exposure to apical physiological responses are examined to define the relevance of MPs for animal health, and to point out open questions and research gaps. Emphasis is given to emerging threats posed by leaching of plastic additives, many of which have endocrine disruption potential. The potential role of MPs as substrates for microorganism growth and vehicle for pathogen spreading is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Franzellitti
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BIGEA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy.
| | - Laura Canesi
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Manon Auguste
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Rajapaksha H G R Wathsala
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BIGEA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Elena Fabbri
- Animal and Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BIGEA), University of Bologna, Ravenna, Italy
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35
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Claro F, Fossi MC, Ioakeimidis C, Baini M, Lusher AL, Mc Fee W, McIntosh RR, Pelamatti T, Sorce M, Galgani F, Hardesty BD. Tools and constraints in monitoring interactions between marine litter and megafauna: Insights from case studies around the world. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 141:147-160. [PMID: 30955719 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Adverse impacts of marine litter is documented on >1400 species, including marine megafauna (fish, birds, sea turtles and mammals). The primary impacts include ingestion and entanglement, and there is increasing concern about chemical contamination via ingestion. Numerous survey approaches and monitoring programs have been developed and implemented around the world. They may aim to provide data about parameters such as species distribution and interactions with anthropogenic activities. During the Sixth International Marine Debris Conference, a session was dedicated to the tools and constraints in monitoring interactions between litter and megafauna. In the present paper, we summarize 7 case studies which discuss entanglement and ingestion including macro- and micro-debris in several taxa and across multiple geographic regions. We then discusses the importance of tools and standardizing methods for assessment and management purposes, in the context of international environmental policies and marine litter strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Claro
- Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, UMS 2006 AFB MNHN CNRS CP41, 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France.
| | - M C Fossi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - C Ioakeimidis
- Mediterranean Pollution Assessment and Control Programme (MED POL), UN Environment/Mediterranean Action Plan Coordinating Unit, Barcelona Convention Secretariat, Vas. Konstantinou 48, Athens 11635, Greece
| | - M Baini
- Department of Physical Sciences, Earth and Environment, University of Siena, Via P.A. Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - A L Lusher
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Gaustadalléen 21, NO-0349 Oslo, Norway
| | - W Mc Fee
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Ocean Service, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - R R McIntosh
- Research Department, Phillip Island Nature Parks, P.O. Box 97, Cowes, VIC 3922, Australia
| | - T Pelamatti
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR-IPN), Av. IPN s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, C.P. 23096 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico; Pelagios Kakunja A.C., Sinaloa 1540, Las Garzas, 23070 La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - M Sorce
- Harvard University, 15 Sanger Street, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - F Galgani
- IFREMER, Immeuble Agostini, ZI Furiani, 20600 Bastia, France
| | - B D Hardesty
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, GPO Box 1538, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
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36
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Gallo F, Fossi C, Weber R, Santillo D, Sousa J, Ingram I, Nadal A, Romano D. Marine litter plastics and microplastics and their toxic chemicals components: the need for urgent preventive measures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES EUROPE 2018; 30:13. [PMID: 29721401 PMCID: PMC5918521 DOI: 10.1186/s12302-018-0139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Persistent plastics, with an estimated lifetime for degradation of hundreds of years in marine conditions, can break up into micro- and nanoplastics over shorter timescales, thus facilitating their uptake by marine biota throughout the food chain. These polymers may contain chemical additives and contaminants, including some known endocrine disruptors that may be harmful at extremely low concentrations for marine biota, thus posing potential risks to marine ecosystems, biodiversity and food availability. Although there is still need to carry out focused scientific research to fill the knowledge gaps about the impacts of plastic litter in the marine environment (Wagner et al. in Environ Sci Eur 26:9, 2014), the food chain and human health, existing scientific evidence and concerns are already sufficient to support actions by the scientific, industry, policy and civil society communities to curb the ongoing flow of plastics and the toxic chemicals they contain into the marine environment. Without immediate strong preventive measures, the environmental impacts and the economic costs are set only to become worse, even in the short term. Continued increases in plastic production and consumption, combined with wasteful uses, inefficient waste collection infrastructures and insufficient waste management facilities, especially in developing countries, mean that even achieving already established objectives for reductions in marine litter remains a huge challenge, and one unlikely to be met without a fundamental rethink of the ways in which we consume plastics. This document was prepared by a working group of Regional Centres of the Stockholm and Basel Conventions and related colleagues intended to be a background document for discussion in the 2017 Conference of the Parties (COP) of the Basel Convention on hazardous wastes and the Stockholm Convention on persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The COP finally approved that the issue of plastic waste could be dealt by its Regional Centres and consistently report their activities on the matter to next COP's meetings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Gallo
- SCP/RAC, Barcelona Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment and the Coastal Region of the Mediterranean, Stockholm Convention Regional Activity Centre in Spain, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Roland Weber
- POPs Environmental Consulting, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany
| | | | - Joao Sousa
- Global Marine and Polar Programme, International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), Gland, Switzerland
| | - Imogen Ingram
- International POPs Elimination Network (IPEN), Rarotonga, Cook Islands
| | - Angel Nadal
- Endocrine Society EDC Advisory Group Chair, Miguel Hernandez University of Elx, Alacant, Spain
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