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de Albuquerque VJ, Folador A, Müller C, Pompermaier A, Hartmann M, Hartmann PA. How do different concentrations of aluminum and zinc affect the survival, body size, morphology and immune system of Physalaemus cuvieri (Fitzinger, 1826) tadpole? JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:342-356. [PMID: 38310537 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2311828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The assessment of amphibian responses as bioindicators of exposure to chemical pollutants is an important tool for conservation of native species. This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic aluminum (Al) and zinc (Zn) exposure on survival, body size, morphology (malformations), and immune system (leukocyte profile) in P. cuvieri tadpoles. Ecotoxicological analyses were performed utilizing chronic toxicity tests in which 210 tadpoles at the 25th Gosner developmental stage were exposed to Al and Zn. Individuals of P. cuvieri were maintained in glass containers containing various concentrations of aluminum sulfate (0.1, 0.2, or 0.3 mg/L) and zinc sulfate (0.18, 0.27 or 0.35 mg/L), and tests were performed in triplicate. After 14 days, amphibians were weighed, measured and survival rate, malformations in the oral and intestine apparatus, leukocyte profile, and ratio between neutrophils and lymphocytes determined. The differing concentrations of Al and Zn did not produce lethality in P. cuvieri where 95% of the animals survived 326 hr following metal exposure. Individuals exposed to Zn achieved greater body growth and weight gain compared to controls. Aluminum increased weight gain compared controls. These metals also produced malformations of the oral and intestine apparatus and enhanced occurrence of hemorrhages, especially at the highest doses. Lymphocytes were the predominant cells among leukocytes, with lymphopenia and neutrophilia observed following Al and Zn treatment, as evidenced by elevated neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, an important indicator of stress in animals. Data suggest that further studies need to be carried out, even with metal concentrations higher than those prescribed by CONAMA, to ensure the conservation of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Folador
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - Caroline Müller
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - Aline Pompermaier
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - Marília Hartmann
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brasil
| | - Paulo Afonso Hartmann
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, Erechim, RS, Brasil
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Utsunomiya HSM, Ferraz JVC, Fujiwara GH, Gutierres DM, Fernandes IF, de Lacerda Valverde BS, de Oliveira C, Franco-Belussi L, Fernandes MN, Dos Santos Carvalho C. Changes in blood parameters and metabolism in bullfrog tadpoles, Lithobates catesbeianus, (Shaw, 1802) after exposure to the Sorocaba River (São Paulo, Brazil) water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:33419-33431. [PMID: 36480144 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24590-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the genetic damage, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, and energy metabolism in bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) exposed to water from two sites of the Sorocaba River, Ibiúna (PI), and Itupararanga reservoir (PIR), in summer and winter. After 96-h exposure, the erythrocyte number decreased in PI and increase in PIR in summer. Bullfrogs show oxidative unbalance (liver, kidney, and muscle), with alterations in the nitric oxide synthase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase. Cholinesterase increased in the brain in PI and PIR in the summer and decreased in PI in the winter. It also increased in the muscle in both PI and PIR in the winter. Tadpoles show alterations in the activity of the metabolic enzymes (liver, kidney, and muscle), such as phosphofructokinase, pyruvatokinase, malate dehydrogenase, and lactate dehydrogenase; and in the amount of glucose and triglycerides metabolites. Exposure to the Sorocaba River reflected a stressful situation for L. catesbeianus as the changes caused to their metabolism associated with oxidative stress and neurotoxicity may have effects on the development of tadpoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Samantha Moraes Utsunomiya
- Laboratório de Bioquímica E Microbiologia (LaBioM), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, Sorocaba, SP, CEP 18052-780, Brazil
| | - João Victor Cassiel Ferraz
- Laboratório de Bioquímica E Microbiologia (LaBioM), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, Sorocaba, SP, CEP 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Hiroshi Fujiwara
- Laboratório de Bioquímica E Microbiologia (LaBioM), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, Sorocaba, SP, CEP 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Davi Marques Gutierres
- Laboratório de Bioquímica E Microbiologia (LaBioM), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, Sorocaba, SP, CEP 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Isabela Ferreira Fernandes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica E Microbiologia (LaBioM), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, Sorocaba, SP, CEP 18052-780, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biotecnologia E Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, Sorocaba, SP, CEP 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Bruno Serra de Lacerda Valverde
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de São José Do Rio Preto, São José Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Classius de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Campus de São José Do Rio Preto, São José Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Lilian Franco-Belussi
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental (LAPex), Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso Do Sul, Campus Campo Grande, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Marisa Narciso Fernandes
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Caixa Postal 676, Rodovia Washington Luís Km 235, São Carlos, SP, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Cleoni Dos Santos Carvalho
- Laboratório de Bioquímica E Microbiologia (LaBioM), Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, Sorocaba, SP, CEP 18052-780, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Biotecnologia E Monitoramento Ambiental, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme Dos Santos, Km 110, SP-264, Sorocaba, SP, CEP 18052-780, Brazil.
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Urbano T, Filippini T, Wise LA, Lasagni D, De Luca T, Sucato S, Polledri E, Malavolti M, Rigon C, Santachiara A, Pertinhez TA, Baricchi R, Fustinoni S, Vinceti M. Associations of urinary and dietary cadmium with urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and blood biochemical parameters. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:112912. [PMID: 35150710 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a heavy metal with established adverse effects on human health, namely on bone, liver and kidney function and the cardiovascular system. We assessed cadmium exposure and its correlation with biomarkers of toxicity. We recruited 137 non-smoking blood donors without a history of chronic disease or cancer who resided in the Northern Italy province of Reggio Emilia (mean age 47 years, range 30-60 years) in the 2017-2019 period. We used a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire to estimate dietary cadmium intake and urine samples to assess concentrations of urinary cadmium and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG). Median urinary cadmium and 8-oxodG concentrations were 0.21 μg/L (interquartile range (IQR): 0.11-0.34 μg/L) and 3.21 μg/g creatinine (IQR: 2.21-4.80 μg/g creatinine), respectively, while median dietary cadmium intake was 6.16 μg/day (IQR: 5.22-7.93 μg/day). We used multivariable linear and spline regression models to estimate mean differences exposure concentrations. Dietary and urinary cadmium were positively correlated, and both were positively and linearly correlated with 8-oxodG. We found a positive association of urinary cadmium with blood alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations. We also observed a positive association with triglycerides, in both linear (beta regression coefficient = 77.03, 95% confidence interval 32.27-121.78) and non-linear spline regression analyses. Despite the positive correlation between dietary and urinary cadmium estimates, dietary cadmium intake showed inconsistent results with the study endpoints and generally weaker associations, suggesting a decreased capacity to reflect actual cadmium exposure. Overall, these findings suggest that even low levels of cadmium exposure may adversely alter hematological and biochemical variables and induce oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Urbano
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniela Lasagni
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Tiziana De Luca
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Sabrina Sucato
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Polledri
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Chiara Rigon
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | - Roberto Baricchi
- Transfusion Medicine Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Silvia Fustinoni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Ca' Granda Foundation Maggiore Policlinico Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Vinceti
- CREAGEN - Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center, Section of Public Health, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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Pinto-Vidal FA, Carvalho CDS, Abdalla FC, Utsunomiya HSM, Salla RF, Jones-Costa M. Effects of lithium and selenium in the tail muscle of American bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) during premetamorphosis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:1975-1984. [PMID: 34363154 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15686-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The amphibian populations have faced a drastic decline over the past decades. This decline has been associated with the presence of contaminants in the environment, among other environmental stressors. The present study tested the responses following the exposure to lithium (2.5 mg L-1) and selenium (10μg L-1), both isolated and as a mixture, on the metabolic status of the tail muscle of premetamorphic American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) through the assessment of the total protein content, mobilization of glucose and triglycerides, and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The exposure followed a 21-day assay with two sampling periods (on the 7th and 21st day after the onset of exposure) to evaluate the effects over time. The group exposed to the mixture presented a statistically decreased LDH activity (P < 0.05) in both sampling periods. The presence of selenium elicited a statistically significant increase (P < 0.05) in the glucose mobilization after 7 days of exposure. After 21 days, the animals exposed to selenium presented levels of glucose mobilization comparable to the control group. The mobilization of glucose and triglycerides remained similar to the control group for the animals exposed to lithium and to the mixture in both periods of sampling (P > 0.05). The total protein content did not show any statistical difference in the treated groups throughout the experiment (P > 0.05). The presented results highlight the importance of the assessment of mixtures that can occur in the environment, since the combination of contaminants may elicit distinct toxicity compared with the effects triggered by the chemicals isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Augusto Pinto-Vidal
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Physiology Conservation (LaFisC), Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, Brazil.
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Pavilion D29, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Cleoni Dos Santos Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Microbiology (LaBioM), Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Fábio Camargo Abdalla
- Postgraduate Program of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, Brazil
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology (LaBEF), Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Fernanda Salla
- Laboratory of Natural History of Brazilian Amphibians (LaHNAB), State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Monica Jones-Costa
- Department of Biology, Laboratory of Physiology Conservation (LaFisC), Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, Brazil
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Pinto-Vidal FA, Carvalho CDS, Abdalla FC, Ceschi-Bertoli L, Moraes Utsunomiya HS, Henrique da Silva R, Salla RF, Jones-Costa M. Metabolic, immunologic, and histopathologic responses on premetamorphic American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) following exposure to lithium and selenium. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116086. [PMID: 33248831 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The presence of chemicals and the destruction of freshwater habitats have been addressed as one of the reasons for the decline in the amphibians' populations worldwide. Considering the threat that these animals have been suffering in tropical regions, the present study tested if the Brazilian legislation, concerning the permissive levels of lithium and selenium in water bodies and effluents, warrants the protection of aquatic life. To do so, we assessed the metabolic, immunologic, and histopathologic alterations in liver samples of American bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus), at the premetamorphic stage, through biomarkers indicative of general energetic status, i.e., glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism using biochemical and histochemical approaches. The immunologic responses were assessed by the quantification of melanomacrophage centres (MMCs); the histopathologic evaluation of the liver sections was also performed. The assay was carried out over 21 days with two periods of sampling (after 7 and 21 days) to assess the effects of exposure over time. The animals were exposed to the considered safe levels of lithium (2.5 mg L-1) and selenium (10 μg L-1), both, isolated and mixed. The exposed animals showed alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism throughout the experiment. The intense presence of MMCs and histopathological responses are compatible with hepatotoxicity. The toxicity expressed by the employed animal model indicates that the Brazilian environmental legislation for the protection of aquatic life needs to be updated. With this study, we intend to provide data for better environmental policies and bring attention to sublethal effects triggered by the presence of contaminants in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Augusto Pinto-Vidal
- Laboratory of Physiology Conservation (LaFisC) - Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Postgraduate Program of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring (PPGBMA) - Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cleoni Dos Santos Carvalho
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Microbiology (LaBioM) - Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Camargo Abdalla
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology (LaBEF) - Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Letícia Ceschi-Bertoli
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology (LaBEF) - Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raquel Fernanda Salla
- Laboratory of Natural History of Brazilian Amphibians (LaHNAB) - State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Jones-Costa
- Laboratory of Physiology Conservation (LaFisC) - Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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