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Kohzadi R, Cheraghi E, Mehranjani MS, Shariatzadeh M. Sildenafil citrate ameliorates the adverse effects of cryopreservation on sperm quality in asthenozoospermic men. Cryobiology 2023:S0011-2240(23)00037-8. [PMID: 37207974 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of Sildenafil Citrate on the sperm quality during cryopreservation in the asthenozoospermic patients were investigated for the first time. Thirty semen samples were collected from asthenozoospermic patients and each sample was divided into 3 groups: Control (fresh), Freeze and Freeze + Sildenafil. In each groups the sperm parameters, DNA fragmentation, acrosome integrity, protamine deficiency, mitochondrial membrane potential, plasma membrane integrity, the expression of Bcl-2 and HSP70 genes, as well as the level of Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, Malondialdehyde and antioxidants (Catalase, Glutathione, and Superoxide dismutase) in sperm were assessed. Data were analyzed statistically using Repeated Measure Analysis. The level of Malondialdehyde and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, morphological abnormalities, DNA fragmentation, protamine deficiency and the expression of Bcl-2 and HSP70 genes increased significantly in the Freeze group compared to the Control, while the level of sperm parameters and antioxidants, plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential and acrosomal integrity significantly decreased. In the Freeze + Sildenafil group, compared to the Freeze group, all the mentioned parameters were significantly reversed except for the acrosomal integrity (decreased even more) and the expression of Bcl-2 (increased even more) and HSP70 genes (with no change). Although adding Sildenafil to the freezing medium decreased the adverse effects of freezing on the sperm of asthenozoospermic patients and improved sperm quality, but it also caused premature acrosome reaction. Therefore, we suggest the consumption of Sildenafil along with another antioxidant, to benefit from the favorable effects of Sildenafil as well as to maintain the integrity of the sperm acrosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak Kohzadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, 3815688138, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Cheraghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom, 3716146611, Iran
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Chen Z, Huang Y, Cao D, Qiu S, Chen B, Li J, Bao Y, Wei Q, Han P, Liu L. Function of sildenafil on diseases other than urogenital system: An umbrella review. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1033492. [PMID: 36814496 PMCID: PMC9939646 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1033492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: To investigate the function of sildenafil on diseases other than urogenital system, an umbrella review was conducted. Methods: Meta-analysis and systematic reviews on this topic were comprehensively evaluated in this umbrella review. Quality of evidence was evaluated through AMSTAR and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system to generate a reliable and valid conclusion. Results: 77 out of 1164 meta-analysis were enrolled. 33 significant outcomes and 41 non-significant outcomes were extracted from all eligible articles. We found sildenafil did significant help in reducing arterial systolic pressure, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary arterial pressure, systolic pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Besides, sildenafil also improved exercise capacity or performance in patients with pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Other than these patients, this drug contributed great help in pregnant women with fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia by increasing the weight of newborns and lowering uterine and umbilical pulsatility indices. Additionally, it was reported that utilization of sildenafil has brought increased risk of melanoma. Conclusion: We can conclude from our study that sildenafil played an important role in many fields, especially in vascular protection. This finding provides a strong evidence for further expansion of sildenafil utilization in other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Chen
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,West China School of Clinical Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yin Huang
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,West China School of Clinical Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dehong Cao
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi Qiu
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,West China School of Clinical Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,West China School of Clinical Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yige Bao
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Ping Han, ; Liangren Liu,
| | - Liangren Liu
- Department of Urology and Institute of Urology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Ping Han, ; Liangren Liu,
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Dastgheib M, Shetab-Boushehri SV, Baeeri M, Gholami M, Karimi MY, Hosseini A. Rolipram and pentoxifylline combination ameliorates experimental diabetic neuropathy through inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways in the dorsal root ganglion neurons. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2615-2627. [PMID: 35922732 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01060-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is the most challenging microvascular complication of diabetes and there is no suitable treatment for it, so the development of new agents to relieve DN is urgently needed. Since oxidative stress and inflammation play an essential role in the development of DN, clearance of these factors are good strategies for the treatment of this disease. According to key role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways, it seems that phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs) can be as novel drug targets for improving DN through enhancement of cAMP level. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of rolipram, a selective PDE4 inhibitor, and pentoxifylline, a general PDE inhibitor on experimental model of DN and also to determine the possible mechanisms involved in the effectiveness of these agents. We investigated the effects of rolipram (1 mg/kg) and pentoxifylline (100 mg/kg) and also combination of rolipram (0.5 mg/kg) and pentoxifylline (50 mg/kg), orally for five weeks in rats that became diabetic by STZ (55 mg/kg, i.p.). After treatments, motor function was evaluated by open-field test, then rats were anesthetized and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons isolated. Next, oxidative stress biomarkers and inflammatory factors were assessed by biochemical and ELISA methods, and RT-PCR analysis in DRG neurons. Rolipram and/or pentoxifylline treatment significantly attenuated DN - induced motor function deficiency by modulating distance moved and velocity. Rolipram and/or pentoxifylline treatment dramatically increased the cAMP level, as well as suppressed DN - induced oxidative stress which was associated with decrease in LPO and ROS and increase in TAC, total thiol, CAT and SOD in DRG neurons. On the other hand, the level of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, NF-kB and COX2) significantly decreased following rolipram and/or pentoxifylline administration. The maximum effectiveness was with rolipram and/or pentoxifylline combination on mentioned factors. These findings provide novel experimental evidence for further clinical investigations on rolipram and pentoxifylline combination for the treatment of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Dastgheib
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Baeeri
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholami
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, and Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Asieh Hosseini
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Hassan SS, Bedir EA, Hamza AEM, Ahmed AM, Ibrahim NM, Abd El‐Ghany MS, Khattab NN, Emeira BM, Salama MM, Mohamed EF, Fayed DB. The dual therapeutic effect of metformin nuclei‐based drugs modified with one of Tulbaghia violacea extract compounds. Appl Organomet Chem 2022; 36. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Novel Schiff base was synthesized from the condensation reaction of metformin with [4‐(Diethylamino) benzaldehyde (NBM). Different metal complexes were prepared using Pd (II), Pt (II), Cu (II), and V (IV) metal ions. All complexes showed the nonelectrolytic behavior. So, the expected molecular formulas for complexes were [Pd (NBM)Cl2], [Pt (NBM)Cl2], [Cu (NBM)2Cl2] and [VO (NBM)2]. The cytotoxicity of (NBM) Schiff base and its metal complexes on human cancer cell line, MCF‐7, was investigated. V (IV) and Cu (II) complexes showed potential blood glucose lowering effect higher than the commercial metformin drug. VO (II) complex has superior antioxidant activity more than the other synthesized compounds and the standard ascorbic acid. Molecular docking investigation proved the presence of interesting interactions between all synthesized compounds with the active site amino acids of EGFR tyrosine kinase (anticancer activity). The molecular docking of metal complexes has observed effective inhibition for the specific mTOR protein that is expected to aid the growth of the COVID‐19 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safaa S. Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Elaria A. Bedir
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed M. Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Nouran M. Ibrahim
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | | | - Nada N. Khattab
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Bassant M. Emeira
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science Cairo University Giza Egypt
| | - Mabrook M. Salama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Benghazi Benghazi Libya
| | - Eman F. Mohamed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls) Al‐Azhar University Nasr City Egypt
| | - Dalia B. Fayed
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department National Research Centre Cairo Egypt
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In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant and Anticancer Potentials of Royal Jelly for Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Wistar Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9506026. [PMID: 35910834 PMCID: PMC9334054 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9506026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Methods This study was conducted among 60 rats, and groups consist of control, three separate groups for RJ, dimethylhydrazine (DMH), and vitamin E, and two separate treated groups with DMH + RJ and DMH + vitamin E. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of royal jelly was examined on HT-29 cell line. Findings. Based on the in vitro assessment using MTT assay, the LC50 of royal jelly was 1.781 mg/ml, and the highest cytotoxicity was observed at 25 mg/ml concentration after 48 hours. Meanwhile, in the in vivo study, after the 13th week, compared to the DMH group, the rats exposed to DMH + royal jelly experienced a significant less oxidative stress (P < 0.05) and a significantly greater total antioxidant capacity (TAC) level (P < 0.05). The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) proteins significantly decreased among the animals receiving DMH + royal jelly compared to the DMH group. The pathological examinations revealed less congestion, necrosis, inflammation, and cell proliferation in the colon tissue of the RJ-treated group than that of the DMH group. Overall, the biochemical indices were better in the treatment groups in comparison with the DMH group. Conclusion The results represented the clinical usability of royal jelly, as a substance with anticancer properties, to prevent and treat colorectal cancer. This issue is related to its effective antioxidant potential, which even exhibits more effectiveness than the vitamin E, which is known as a strong antioxidant.
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Phosphodiesterase (PDE) III inhibitor, Cilostazol, improved memory impairment in aluminum chloride-treated rats: modulation of cAMP/CREB pathway. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:2477-2488. [PMID: 35727381 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The most prevalent type of dementia is Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is currently incurable. Existing treatments for Alzheimer's disease, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, are only effective for symptom relief. Disease-modifying medications for Alzheimer's disease are desperately required, given the enormous burdens that the disease places on individuals and communities. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors are gaining a lot of attention in the research community because of their potential in treating age-related cognitive decline. Cilostazol is a selective PDE III inhibitor used as antiplatelet agent through cAMP response element-binding (CREB) protein phosphorylation pathway (cAMP/CREB). The neuroprotective effect of cilostazol in AD-like cognitive decline in rats was investigated in this study. After 2 months of intraperitoneal administration of 10 mg/kg aluminum chloride, Morris water maze and Y-maze (behavioral tests) were performed. After that, histological and biochemical examinations of the hippocampal region were carried out. Aluminum chloride-treated rats showed histological, biochemical, and behavioral changes similar to Alzheimer's disease. Cilostazol improved rats' behavioral and histological conditions, raised neprilysin level while reduced levels of amyloid-beta protein and phosphorylated tau protein. It also decreased the hippocampal levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor-kappa B, FAS ligand, acetylcholinesterase content, and malondialdehyde. These outcomes demonstrate the protective activity of cilostazol versus aluminum-induced memory impairment.
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Hussein K. The Potential Effect of Sildenafil Citrate on Some Hematological and Biochemical Parameters in Hyperglycemic Rats. PHARMACOPHORE 2022. [DOI: 10.51847/qt3qwqvjjk] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sierra-Campos E, Valdez-Solana M, Avitia-Domínguez C, Campos-Almazán M, Flores-Molina I, García-Arenas G, Téllez-Valencia A. Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract on Diabetes-Induced Alterations in Paraoxonase 1 and Catalase in Rats Analyzed through Progress Kinetic and Blind Docking. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090840. [PMID: 32911700 PMCID: PMC7555439 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In our study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on rat paraoxonase 1 (rPON1) and catalase (rCAT) activities in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Our study included three groups; group C (control, n = 5); group D (diabetic, n = 5); and group DM (M. oleifera extract-supplemented diabetic rats, n = 5). Daily oral administration of M. oleifera extract at 200 mg/kg doses produced an increase in endogenous antioxidants. Serum rPON1 (lactonase) and liver cytosol catalase activities were determined by a spectrophotometric assay using progress curve analysis. We found a decrease in the Vm value of rPON1 in diabetic rats, but dihydrocoumarin (DHC) affinity (Km) was slightly increased. The value of Vm for the DM group was found to be reduced approximately by a factor of 3 compared with those obtained for group C, whereas Km was largely changed (96 times). Catalase activity was significantly higher in the DM group. These data suggest that the activation of rPON1 and rCAT activities by M. oleifera extracts may be mediated via the effect of the specific flavonoids on the enzyme structure. In addition, through molecular blind docking analysis, rPON1 was found to have two binding sites for flavonoids. In contrast, flavonoids bound at four sites in rCAT. In conclusion, the data suggest that compounds from M. oleifera leaves extract were able to influence the catalytic activities of both enzymes to compensate for the changes provoked by diabetes in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Sierra-Campos
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Campus Gómez Palacio, Avenida Artículo 123 S/N, Fracc, Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio 35010, Mexico; (M.V.-S.); (I.F.-M.)
- Correspondence: (E.S.-C.); (A.T.-V.)
| | - Mónica Valdez-Solana
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Campus Gómez Palacio, Avenida Artículo 123 S/N, Fracc, Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio 35010, Mexico; (M.V.-S.); (I.F.-M.)
| | - Claudia Avitia-Domínguez
- Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad y Fanny Anitúa S/N, Durango 34000, Mexico; (C.A.-D.); (M.C.-A.)
| | - Mara Campos-Almazán
- Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad y Fanny Anitúa S/N, Durango 34000, Mexico; (C.A.-D.); (M.C.-A.)
| | - Ismael Flores-Molina
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Campus Gómez Palacio, Avenida Artículo 123 S/N, Fracc, Filadelfia, Gómez Palacio 35010, Mexico; (M.V.-S.); (I.F.-M.)
| | - Guadalupe García-Arenas
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango Campus, Gómez Palacio 35010, Mexico;
| | - Alfredo Téllez-Valencia
- Facultad de Medicina y Nutrición, Universidad Juárez del Estado de Durango, Avenida Universidad y Fanny Anitúa S/N, Durango 34000, Mexico; (C.A.-D.); (M.C.-A.)
- Correspondence: (E.S.-C.); (A.T.-V.)
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Mali DP, Bhatia NM. Hetero-Tricyclic Lead Scaffold as Novel PDE5A Inhibitor for Antihypertensive Activity: In Silico Docking Studies. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2019; 15:318-333. [DOI: 10.2174/1573409915666190214161221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To screen the phytochemicals for phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5A) inhibitory potential and identify lead scaffolds of antihypertensive phytochemicals using in silico docking studies.Methods:In this perspective, reported 269 antihypertensive phytochemicals were selected. Sildenafil, a PDE5A inhibitor was used as the standard. In silico docking study was carried out to screen and identify the inhibiting potential of the selected phytochemicals against PDE5A enzyme using vLife MDS 4.4 software.Results:Based on docking score, π-stacking, H-bond and ionic interactions, 237 out of 269 molecules were selected which have shown one or more interactions. Protein residue Gln817A was involved in H-boding whereas Val782A, Phe820A and Leu804A were involved in π-stacking interaction with ligand. The selected 237 phytochemicals were structurally diverse, therefore 82 out of 237 molecules with one or more tricycles were filtered out for further analysis. Amongst tricyclic molecules, 14 molecules containing nitrogen heteroatom were selected for lead scaffold identification which finally resulted in three different basic chemical backbones like pyridoindole, tetrahydro-pyridonaphthyridine and dihydro-pyridoquinazoline as lead scaffolds.Conclusion:In silico docking studies revealed that nitrogen-containing tetrahydro-pyridonaphthyridine and dihydro-pyridoquinazoline tricyclic lead scaffolds have emerged as novel PDE5A inhibitors for antihypertensive activity. The identified lead scaffolds may provide antihypertensive lead molecules after its optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak P. Mali
- Department of Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, 416013, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neela M. Bhatia
- Department of Quality Assurance, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Pharmacy, Kolhapur, 416013, Maharashtra, India
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Insights into the potential antidepressant mechanisms of cilostazol in chronically restraint rats: impact on the Nrf2 pathway. Behav Pharmacol 2019; 29:28-40. [PMID: 28763303 DOI: 10.1097/fbp.0000000000000335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Ample evidence has pointed to a close link between oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and depression. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of cellular redox homeostasis and affects mitochondrial function. Nrf2 holds promise for depression prevention and treatment. This study aimed to investigate the potential prophylactic antidepressant effect of cilostazol and the contribution of the Nrf2 pathway toward the putative neuroprotection. The behavioral and neurochemical effects of concomitant treatment of oral cilostazol at doses of 7.5, 15, and 30 mg/kg/day in Wistar rats exposed to chronic restraint stress (CRS) for 4 weeks were assayed. Cilostazol prevented CRS-induced depressive-like behavior shown in sucrose-preference, forced-swimming, and open-field tests, and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis hyperactivity (adrenal gland weight and serum corticosterone). Cilostazol prevented CRS-induced increase in hippocampal lipid peroxidation and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, and a decrease in antioxidant activities (glutathione level, superoxide dismutase, and catalase). Western blot and PCR showed that cilostazol favorably modulated the Nrf2 protein and heme oxygenase-1 and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase-1 gene expression in the hippocampus of CRS rats. Cilostazol also prevented the decrease in the hippocampal activities of mitochondrial respiratory enzyme complexes I-IV. These behavioral and biochemical findings indicated the potential prophylactic antidepressant effect and mechanism of cilostazol by preventing oxidative stress by activation of redox defense mechanisms mediated through the Nrf2 pathway and restoring mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Mehanna OM, El Askary A, Al-Shehri S, El-Esawy B. Effect of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on renal functions and oxidant/antioxidant parameters in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:424-429. [PMID: 29271249 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1419267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of different phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDEIs), on renal oxidant/antioxidant balance in diabetic rats. Our study was conducted on 125 rats, diabetes was induced in 100 rats by a single administration of streptozocin (STZ). Diabetic rats were divided into four equal groups. The first group was assigned as diabetic control, the remaining three groups were treated with pentoxifylline, sildenafil and milrinone via drinking water for 15 successive days, another group of 25 normal rats was assigned as non-diabetic control. Significant increase in plasma levels of glucose, urea, creatinine, malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO) with a concomitant decrease in the levels of insulin, reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were observed in diabetic rats. These alterations were reverted back to near normal level after treatment with PDEIs. Our data seem to suggest a potential role of PDEIs in maintaining health in diabetes by reducing the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Mahmoud Mehanna
- a Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine , Taif University , Taif , KSA
- b Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine (New Damietta) , Al-Azhar University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Ahmad El Askary
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , KSA
- d Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine (New Damietta) , Al-Azhar University , Cairo , Egypt
| | - Saad Al-Shehri
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , KSA
| | - Basem El-Esawy
- c Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences , Taif University , Taif , KSA
- e Department of Pathology, Faculty of medicine , Mansoura University , Mansoura , Egypt
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Could chronic Vardenafil administration influence the cardiovascular risk in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus? PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199299. [PMID: 29953477 PMCID: PMC6023114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Appropriate algorithms for the prediction of cardiovascular risk are strongly suggested in clinical practice, although still controversial. In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the beneficial effect of phosphodiesterase (PDE)-5 inhibitors is demonstrated on endothelial function but not on the estimation of cardiovascular risk. Aim To study whether the chronic Vardenafil administration to men with T2DM influences variables correlated with the predicted long-term cardiovascular risk calculated by different validated algorithms. Methods Per-protocol analysis of a longitudinal, prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, investigator-started, clinical trial. 54 male patients affected by T2DM were assigned to study (26patients) and control-group (28patients), respectively. The study included a treatment phase (24weeks) (Vardenafil/placebo 10mg twice-daily) and a follow-up phase (24weeks). Three time points were considered: baseline(V0), end of treatment(V1) and end of the study(V2). Parameters evaluated: endothelial health-related parameters and cardiovascular risk, assessed by calculating the Framingham (coronary hart disease [CHD], myocardial infarction [MI], stroke and cardiovascular disease [CVD]), ASSIGN and CUORE equations. Results Predicted cardiovascular risk at ten years resulted different using the three algorithms chosen, without differences between study and control groups and among visits. IL-6 was directly related to CHD, CVD and CUORE scores at V1 and with MI and STROKE at V2. Similarly, hs-CRP was directly related to CHD, MI, STROKE and CUORE only at V1 in the study group. Testosterone serum levels were inversely related to CHD and MI at V1 in study group. Discussion The predicted cardiovascular risk is different depending on the algorithm chosen. Despite no predictive risk reduction after six months of treatment, a possible effect of Vardenafil could be hypothesized through its action on inflammation markers reduction and through restoration of normal testosterone levels.
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Oboh G, Adeoyo OO, Ademosun AO, Ogunsuyi OB, Agunloye OM. Effect of combinations of caffeine and caffeic acid on key enzymes linked to hypertension (in vitro). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-018-0313-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Mice pancreatic islets protection from oxidative stress induced by single-walled carbon nanotubes through naringin. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 37:1268-1281. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327118769704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The growing use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) emphasizes the importance of its potential toxic effects on the human health. Previous studies proved that CNTs caused oxidative stress and decreased cell viability. On the other hand, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress impaired β-cell functions and reduced the insulin secretion. However, there is not any study on the effects of CNTs on islets and β-cells. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) on oxidative stress in islets in addition to the protective effects of naringin (NRG) as an antioxidant . We examined the effects of SWCNTs and naringin on islets by 3,4 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay; measurement of insulin secretion, ROS, and malondialdehyde (MDA); activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione (GSH) peroxidase (GSH-Px); and content of GSH and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). The MTT assay demonstrated that decreased viability of islets cells was dose-dependent with exposure to SWCNTs. Further studies revealed that SWCNTs decreased insulin secretion and MMP, induced the formation of ROS, increased the level of MDA, and decreased the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT and content of GSH. Furthermore, the pretreatment of islets with naringin significantly reverted back these changes. These findings revealed that SWCNTs might induce the oxidative stress to pancreatic islets, causing the occurrence of diabetes, and the protective effects of naringin that was mediated by augmentation of the antioxidant defense system of islets. Our research indicated the necessity for further in vivo and in vitro researches on the effects of SWCNTs and naringin on diabetes.
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Marampon F, Antinozzi C, Corinaldesi C, Vannelli GB, Sarchielli E, Migliaccio S, Di Luigi L, Lenzi A, Crescioli C. The phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor tadalafil regulates lipidic homeostasis in human skeletal muscle cell metabolism. Endocrine 2018; 59:602-613. [PMID: 28786077 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-017-1378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tadalafil seems to ameliorate insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis in humans. We have previously reported that tadalafil targets human skeletal muscle cells with an insulin (I)-like effect. We aim to evaluate in human fetal skeletal muscle cells after tadalafil or I: (i) expression profile of I-regulated genes dedicated to cellular energy control, glycolitic activity or microtubule formation/vesicle transport, as GLUT4, PPARγ, HK2, IRS-1, KIF1C, and KIFAP3; (ii) GLUT4, Flotillin-1, and Caveolin-1 localization, all proteins involved in energy-dependent cell trafficking; (iii) activation of I-targeted paths, as IRS-1, PKB/AKT, mTOR, P70/S6K. Free fatty acids intracellular level was measured. Sildenafil or a cGMP synthetic analog were used for comparison; PDE5 and PDE11 gene expression was evaluated in human fetal skeletal muscle cells. METHODS RTq-PCR, PCR, western blot, free fatty acid assay commercial kit, and lipid stain non-fluorescent assay were used. RESULTS Tadalafil upregulated I-targeted investigated genes with the same temporal pattern as I (GLUT4, PPARγ, and IRS-1 at 3 h; HK2, KIF1C, KIFAP3 at 12 h), re-localized GLUT4 in cell sites positively immune-decorated for Caveolin-1 and Flotillin-1, suggesting the involvement of lipid rafts, induced specific residue phosphorylation of IRS-1/AKT/mTOR complex in association with free fatty acid de novo synthesis. Sildenafil or GMP analog did not affect GLUT4 trafficking or free fatty acid levels. CONCLUSION In human fetal skeletal muscle cells tadalafil likely favors energy storage by modulating lipid homeostasis via IRS-1-mediated mechanisms, involving activation of I-targeted genes and intracellular cascade related to metabolic control. Those data provide some biomolecular evidences explaining, in part, tadalafil-induced favorable control of human metabolism shown by clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Marampon
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - C Antinozzi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - C Corinaldesi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - G B Vannelli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - E Sarchielli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - S Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - L Di Luigi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - C Crescioli
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Università di Roma "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy.
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Gonçalves-Rizzi VH, Possomato-Vieira JS, Nascimento RA, Caldeira-Dias M, Dias-Junior CA. Maternal hypertension and feto-placental growth restriction is reversed by sildenafil: Evidence of independent effects of circulating nitric oxide levels. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 822:119-127. [PMID: 29355552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sildenafil has shown nitric oxide (NO)-independent pleiotropic effects, however the mechanisms involved are unclear. We investigated the protective effects of sildenafil against hypertension in pregnancy and feto-placental growth restriction induced by NO inhibition, and if sodium nitrite-derived NO formation influences sildenafil effects. We evaluated the plasmatic levels of NO metabolites, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), oxidative stress and myeloperoxidase, which are involved in endothelial dysfunction during hypertension in pregnancy. Also, we performed in vitro experiments to examine cell viability and NO synthesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultures incubated with plasma from healthy or hypertensive pregnant rats treated (or not) with both drugs, either alone or in association. Sildenafil blunted hypertension in pregnancy and protected against feto-placental growth restriction induced by NO inhibition and these effects of sildenafil alone were similar to those presented by its association with sodium nitrite. Protective effects of sildenafil were observed even with low plasmatic NO levels and were not followed by increases in cGMP levels. Also, sildenafil, but not sodium nitrite, blunted the increases in myeloperoxidase activity. Both drugs (isolated or in association) presented antioxidant effects. Plasma from hypertensive pregnant rats treated with sildenafil, but not sodium nitrite alone, increased the viability of HUVECs. NO synthesis in HUVECs cultures was increased with plasma from rats treated with both drugs. We conclude that sildenafil effects are not dependent of circulating NO levels in hypertension and feto-placental growth restriction. These findings may reflect a protection against myeloperoxidase and pro-oxidant activation in hypertension in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Hugo Gonçalves-Rizzi
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Sérgio Possomato-Vieira
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Regina Aparecida Nascimento
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayara Caldeira-Dias
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alan Dias-Junior
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Mollica A, Zengin G, Locatelli M, Stefanucci A, Macedonio G, Bellagamba G, Onaolapo O, Onaolapo A, Azeez F, Ayileka A, Novellino E. An assessment of the nutraceutical potential of Juglans regia L. leaf powder in diabetic rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 107:554-564. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Haghi-Aminjan H, Asghari MH, Goharbari MH, Abdollahi M. A systematic review on potential mechanisms of minocycline in kidney diseases. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:602-609. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Baykan H, Ozyazgan I, Selçuk CT, AltıParmak M, Özköse M, Özyurt K. Effect of sildenafil citrate in nicotine-induced ischemia: An experimental study using a rat model. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DE CHIRURGIE PLASTIQUE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/229255031302100406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Halit Baykan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Irfan Ozyazgan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Caferi Tayyar Selçuk
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet AltıParmak
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özköse
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Özyurt
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Baykan H, Ozyazgan I, Selçuk CT, AltıParmak M, Özköse M, Özyurt K. Effect of sildenafil citrate in nicotine-induced ischemia: An experimental study using a rat model. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLASTIC SURGERY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DE CHIRURGIE PLASTIQUE 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/229255031302100407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Halit Baykan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Irfan Ozyazgan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Caferi Tayyar Selçuk
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet AltıParmak
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Özköse
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Kemal Özyurt
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Peixoto CA, Gomes FODS. The role of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in prostatic inflammation: a review. JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION-LONDON 2015; 12:54. [PMID: 26379476 PMCID: PMC4570643 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-015-0099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Clinical and basic experimental evidence indicates that chronic inflammation is the greatest factor in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) progression, which is the most common cause of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS). The use of anti-inflammatory agents such as steroids, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and phytotherapics have been investigated as forms of treatment for various prostate diseases. Recent evidence has demonstrated that PDE5 inhibitors (PDE5Is) improve symptoms of BPH/LUTS, possibly as a result of the relaxing of the smooth muscle fibers of the bladder and prostate by NO/cGMPc signaling, or by improving RhoA/Rho-kinase (ROCK), and reduction of the hyperactivity of the autonomic nervous system. However, some results have suggested that besides vasodilatation and their anti-proliferative effect, PDE5Is exert a direct anti-inflammatory effect, by raising cGMP. Given that inflammation is major factor in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) progression, PDE5Is could act also restore prostatic function as they act as potent anti-inflammatory drugs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the use of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors to treat prostatic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Alves Peixoto
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM-FIOCRUZ), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, CEP: 50670-420, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE Brazil
| | - Fabiana Oliveira Dos Santos Gomes
- Laboratório de Ultraestrutura, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães (CPqAM-FIOCRUZ), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, CEP: 50670-420, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE Brazil
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Jafari A, Baghaei A, Solgi R, Baeeri M, Chamanara M, Hassani S, Gholami M, Ostad SN, Sharifzadeh M, Abdollahi M. An electrocardiographic, molecular and biochemical approach to explore the cardioprotective effect of vasopressin and milrinone against phosphide toxicity in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 80:182-192. [PMID: 25796571 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to identify the protective effect of vasopressin (AVP) and milrinone on cardiovascular function, mitochondrial complex activities, cellular ATP reserve, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in rats poisoned by aluminum phosphide (AlP). Rats were divided into five groups (n = 12) including control, AlP (12.5 mg/kg), AlP + AVP (2.0 Units/kg), AlP + milrinone (0.25 mg/kg) and AlP + AVP + milrinone. After treatment, the animals were connected to an electronic cardiovascular monitoring device to monitor electrocardiographic (ECG) parameter. Finally, oxidative stress biomarkers, mitochondrial complex activities, ADP/ATP ratio and apoptosis were evaluated on the heart tissues. Results indicated that AlP administration induced ECG abnormalities along with a decline in blood pressure and heart rate. AVP and milrinone significantly ameliorated these changes in all treated groups. Considerable protective effects on oxidative stress biomarkers, complex IV activity, ADP/ATP ratio and caspase-3 and -9 activities in treated groups were also found. These findings were supported by flow cytometry assay of cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, administration of AVP and milrinone, not only improve cardiovascular functions in AlP poisoned rats in the short time, but after a long time can also restore mitochondrial function and ATP level and reduce the oxidative damage, which prevent cardiomyocytes from entering the apoptotic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Jafari
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; and Poisoning & Toxicology Research Center; and Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Amir Baghaei
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; and Poisoning & Toxicology Research Center; and Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Reza Solgi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; and Poisoning & Toxicology Research Center; and Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; and Poisoning & Toxicology Research Center; and Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mohsen Chamanara
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Hassani
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; and Poisoning & Toxicology Research Center; and Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholami
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; and Poisoning & Toxicology Research Center; and Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Seyed Nasser Ostad
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; and Poisoning & Toxicology Research Center; and Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Moahmmad Sharifzadeh
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; and Poisoning & Toxicology Research Center; and Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy; and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; and Poisoning & Toxicology Research Center; and Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran.
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Santi D, Giannetta E, Isidori AM, Vitale C, Aversa A, Simoni M. Therapy of endocrine disease. Effects of chronic use of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on endothelial markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. Eur J Endocrinol 2015; 172:R103-14. [PMID: 25277671 DOI: 10.1530/eje-14-0700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with endothelial dysfunction, reducing nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation, and increasing production of pro-inflammatory factors, leading to an increased risk of long-term cardiovascular disease. As the effects of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i) on endothelial function have not been systematically investigated, we conducted a meta-analysis of available randomized clinical trials (RCTs). DESIGN A thorough search of the literature was carried out. Relevant studies were considered according to RCT study design, enrollment of men with type 2 DM, chronic administration of PDE5i, and evaluation of endothelial function through both hemodynamic and endothelial inflammation-related parameters. RESULTS Fifteen studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria but only six RCTs met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed for 476 diabetic men, 239 randomized to Sildenafil, and 237 to placebo respectively. Four RCTs evaluated flow-mediated dilation (FMD), demonstrating a weighted mean increase of 2.19% (95% CI 0.48 to 3.90). This result showed a high heterogeneity (I(2): 98%). Thus, a further sub-group meta-analysis was performed and this analysis confirmed a significant, Sildenafil-related FMD improvement. Sildenafil improved endothelin 1 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein by ∼-0.94 pg/ml and -0.36 mg/l, respectively, not reaching statistical significance (P=0.69 and P=0.22 respectively). Finally, Sildenafil administration significantly reduced serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL6, -0.82 pg/ml; 95% CI -1.58 to -0.07). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests a beneficial effect of chronic PDE5i administration on endothelial function. Chronic Sildenafil administration seems to improve hemodynamic (FMD) and serum pro-inflammatory makers (IL6) in diabetic men. Larger studies are needed to confirm the effects of chronic PDE5i on endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Santi
- Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaItalySapienza University of RomeDepartment of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Medical SciencesIRCSS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaItalySapienza University of RomeDepartment of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Medical SciencesIRCSS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Giannetta
- Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaItalySapienza University of RomeDepartment of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Medical SciencesIRCSS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea M Isidori
- Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaItalySapienza University of RomeDepartment of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Medical SciencesIRCSS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Vitale
- Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaItalySapienza University of RomeDepartment of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Medical SciencesIRCSS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Aversa
- Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaItalySapienza University of RomeDepartment of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Medical SciencesIRCSS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaItalySapienza University of RomeDepartment of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Medical SciencesIRCSS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy Unit of EndocrinologyDepartment of Biomedical Metabolic and Neural Sciences. University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, ItalyAzienda USL of ModenaItalySapienza University of RomeDepartment of Experimental MedicineDepartment of Medical SciencesIRCSS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
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Babajafari S, Nikaein F, Mazloomi SM, Zibaeenejad MJ, Zargaran A. A Review of the Benefits of Satureja Species on Metabolic Syndrome and Their Possible Mechanisms of Action. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2015; 20:212-23. [DOI: 10.1177/2156587214564188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome, also known as insulin resistance disorder, is the simultaneous manifestation of multiple metabolic disorders in an individual. The present-day complementary and alternative therapies suggest several medicinal herbs that may have the potential to improve one or multiple complications of metabolic syndrome. All of them have their own limitations in efficacy and unwanted effects. Therefore, we reviewed species of Satureja as widespread medicinal herbs and potentially good remedies for metabolic syndrome. We reviewed literature found in PubMed and the ISI Web of Knowledge with the key word Satureja in the title. The influence of any species of Satureja on any disease or syndrome, enzymatic, metabolic, or physiological pathways, in human, animals, or in vitro conditions related to any characteristics of metabolic syndrome were considered. The main outcomes of treatment with Satureja species were categorized, and the possible mechanisms of action are discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Babajafari
- Department of Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzad Nikaein
- Student Research Committee, Research Office for the History of Persian Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Mazloomi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Zibaeenejad
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Arman Zargaran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center & Department of Phytopharmaceuticals (Traditional Pharmacy), School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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El Sayed MES, Eid N, El Din Kamel AS. Beneficial effects of certain phosphodiesterase inhibitors on diabetes mellitus in rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bfopcu.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Butrous G. The role of phosphodiesterase inhibitors in the management of pulmonary vascular diseases. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2014; 2014:257-90. [PMID: 25780785 PMCID: PMC4352681 DOI: 10.5339/gcsp.2014.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE) can be used as therapeutic agents for various diseases such as dementia, depression, schizophrenia and erectile dysfunction in men, as well as congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, other inflammatory diseases, diabetes and various other conditions. In this review we will concentrate on one type of PDE, mainly PDE5 and its role in pulmonary vascular diseases.
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Goswami SK, Vishwanath M, Gangadarappa SK, Razdan R, Inamdar MN. Efficacy of ellagic acid and sildenafil in diabetes-induced sexual dysfunction. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:S581-7. [PMID: 25298678 PMCID: PMC4189276 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.139790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes induced sexual dysfunction is a leading cause of male sexual disorder and an early indicator of cardiovascular complication. Reactive oxygen species generated in body during diabetes is a main causative factor for erectile dysfunction, a sexual dysfunction. Adjuvant antioxidant therapy along with phosphodiesterases type 5 enzyme inhibitor (PDE5i) is more effective than PDE5i alone. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to investigate efficacy of ellagic acid a known antioxidant and sildenafil in diabetes induced erectile dysfunction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Type 1 diabetes was induced in male rats and rats were treated with ellagic acid (50 mg/kg, p.o.) and a combination of ellagic acid (50 mg/kg, p.o.) and sildenafil (5 mg/kg, p.o.), a PDE5i for 28 days. Sexual function was observed in diabetic rat and compared with those of treatment group and normal rats. Effect of ellagic acid was studied on advanced glycation end products (AGE) and isolated rat corpus cavernosum in vitro. RESULTS Sexual function of diabetic rats was found to be reduced and ellegic acid treatment could preserve sexual function of diabetic rats to some extent. Ellagic acid + sildenafil treatment was more efficient in management of diabetes induced sexual dysfunction. Ellagic acid inhibited (AGE) in vitro implying its role in reducing oxidative stress in diabetes. The polyphenol could not increase sexual function in normal rats and relax isolated rat corpus cavernosum smooth muscle significantly. CONCLUSION The study proves usefulness of adjuvant antioxidant therapy in the management of erectile dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kumar Goswami
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Near Lalbagh main gate, Hosur Main Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Manikanta Vishwanath
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Near Lalbagh main gate, Hosur Main Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Suma Kallahalli Gangadarappa
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Near Lalbagh main gate, Hosur Main Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rema Razdan
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Near Lalbagh main gate, Hosur Main Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohammed Naseeruddin Inamdar
- Department of Pharmacology, Al-Ameen College of Pharmacy, Near Lalbagh main gate, Hosur Main Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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Celik M, Aksoy AN, Aksoy H, Aksoy Y, Halici Z. Sildenafil Reduces Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rat Ovary: Biochemical and Histopathological Evaluation. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2014; 78:162-7. [DOI: 10.1159/000363747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Choi K, Yoon J, Lim HK, Ryoo S. Korean red ginseng water extract restores impaired endothelial function by inhibiting arginase activity in aged mice. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 18:95-101. [PMID: 24757370 PMCID: PMC3994309 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.2.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the prime cause of morbidity and mortality and the population ages that may contribute to increase in the occurrence of cardiovascular disease. Arginase upregulation is associated with impaired endothelial function in aged vascular system and thus may contribute to cardiovascular disease. According to recent research, Korean Red Ginseng water extract (KRGE) may reduce cardiovascular disease risk by improving vascular system health. The purpose of this study was to examine mechanisms contributing to age-related vascular endothelial dysfunction and to determine whether KRGE improves these functions in aged mice. Young (10±3 weeks) and aged (55±5 weeks) male mice (C57BL/6J) were orally administered 0, 10, or 20 mg/mouse/day of KRGE for 4 weeks. Animals were sacrificed and the aortas were removed. Endothelial arginase activity, nitric oxide (NO) generation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) coupling, vascular tension, and plasma peroxynitrite production were measured. KRGE attenuated arginase activity, restored nitric oxide (NO) generation, reduced ROS production, and enhanced eNOS coupling in aged mice. KRGE also improved vascular tension in aged vessels, as indicated by increased acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation and improved phenylephrine-stimulated vasoconstriction. Furthermore, KRGE prevented plasma peroxynitrite formation in aged mice, indicating reduced lipid peroxidation. These results suggest KRGE exerts vasoprotective effects by inhibiting arginase activity and augmenting NO signaling and may be a useful treatment for age-dependent vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanhoon Choi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 220-701, Korea
| | - Jeongyeon Yoon
- Department of Biology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyo Lim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju 220-701, Korea
| | - Sungwoo Ryoo
- Department of Biology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea
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Lee TM, Lin SZ, Chang NC. Differential effect of phosphodiesterase-3 inhibitors on sympathetic hyperinnervation in healed rat infarcts. Circ J 2013; 78:366-76. [PMID: 24304537 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-13-0749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE-3) inhibitors on arrhythmia remains controversial, so the purpose of this study was to determine their differential effects on sympathetic hyperinnervation and the involved mechanisms in a rat model of myocardial infarction. METHODS AND RESULTS After ligating the coronary artery, male Wistar rats were randomized to cilostazol or milrinone, chemically unrelated inhibitors of PDE-3, or vehicle for 4 weeks. The postinfarction period was associated with increased myocardial norepinephrine levels and oxidant release, as measured by myocardial superoxide level and dihydroethidine fluorescence staining. Infarcted rats in the milrinone- and cilostazol-treated groups had favorable ventricular remodeling with similar potency. Compared with milrinone, cilostazol significantly increased interstitial adenosine levels and reduced the production of myocardial cAMP and superoxide. Cilostazol significantly blunted sympathetic hyperinnervation, as assessed by immunofluorescent analysis of sympathetic innervation, and western blotting and real-time quantitative RT-PCR of nerve growth factor. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of cilostazol on nerve growth factor was reversed by 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine, a selective A1 receptor antagonist, and enhanced by tempol administration. In spite of similar arrhythmic vulnerability during programmed stimulation in both the vehicle-and cilostazol-treated groups, cilostazol did not have proarrhythmic effects compared with milrinone. CONCLUSIONS Unlike milrinone, cilostazol has therapeutic neutrality in arrhythmias because of adenosine uptake inhibition, which antagonizes the PDE-3-induced increase of sympathetic reinnervation via mediation of an adenosine A1 receptor-mediated antioxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ming Lee
- Department of Medicine, Cardiology Section, Tainan Municipal An-Nan Hospital-China Medical University
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Safavi M, Foroumadi A, Abdollahi M. The importance of synthetic drugs for type 2 diabetes drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2013; 8:1339-63. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2013.837883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Rodrigues BP, Campagnaro BP, Balarini CM, Pereira TMC, Meyrelles SS, Vasquez EC. Sildenafil ameliorates biomarkers of genotoxicity in an experimental model of spontaneous atherosclerosis. Lipids Health Dis 2013; 12:128. [PMID: 23981672 PMCID: PMC3766097 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-12-128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that enhanced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to oxidative stress observed in atherosclerosis and that ROS can also cause damage in cellular macromolecules, including DNA. Considering previous report that sildenafil, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5), has antioxidant effects, in the present study we evaluated the effect of this drug on genotoxicity of blood mononuclear cells (MNC) and liver cells from atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E knockout mice (apoE(-/-)). METHODS ROS production in MNC was evaluated by flow cytometry with the fluorescent dye dihydroethidium (DHE), a method that has been used to quantify the production of superoxide anion, and DNA damage was evaluated in both MNC and liver cells using the alkaline comet assay. Sildenafil-administered apoE(-/-) mice were compared with strain-matched mice administered with vehicle and with C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice. RESULTS MNC from apoE(-/-) vehicle exhibited a 2-fold increase in production of superoxide anion in comparison with WT. In contrast, sildenafil-administered apoE(-/-) mice showed superoxide anion levels similar to those observed in WT mice. Similarly, MNC and liver cells from apoE(-/-) vehicle mice showed a 4-fold and 2-fold augmented DNA fragmentation compared with WT, respectively, and sildenafil-administered apoE(-/-) mice exhibited minimal DNA damage in those cells similar to WT mice. CONCLUSIONS ApoE(-/-) mice chronically administered with sildenafil exhibited reduced levels of superoxide anion in MNC and less DNA fragmentation in MNC and liver cells, which are biomarkers of genotoxicity. Therefore, sildenafil may offer a new perspective to the use of PDE5 inhibitors to protect against DNA damage, in cells involved in the inflammatory and dyslipidemic processes that accompany atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca P Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Bianca P Campagnaro
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Camille M Balarini
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Thiago M C Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Silvana S Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, University of Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
- Emescam School of Health Sciences, Vitoria, Brazil
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Diabetic neuropathy and oxidative stress: therapeutic perspectives. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2013; 2013:168039. [PMID: 23738033 PMCID: PMC3655656 DOI: 10.1155/2013/168039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a widespread disabling disorder comprising peripheral nerves' damage. DN develops on a background of hyperglycemia and an entangled metabolic imbalance, mainly oxidative stress. The majority of related pathways like polyol, advanced glycation end products, poly-ADP-ribose polymerase, hexosamine, and protein kinase c all originated from initial oxidative stress. To date, no absolute cure for DN has been defined; although some drugs are conventionally used, much more can be found if all pathophysiological links with oxidative stress would be taken into account. In this paper, although current therapies for DN have been reviewed, we have mainly focused on the links between DN and oxidative stress and therapies on the horizon, such as inhibitors of protein kinase C, aldose reductase, and advanced glycation. With reference to oxidative stress and the related pathways, the following new drugs are under study such as taurine, acetyl-L-carnitine, alpha lipoic acid, protein kinase C inhibitor (ruboxistaurin), aldose reductase inhibitors (fidarestat, epalrestat, ranirestat), advanced glycation end product inhibitors (benfotiamine, aspirin, aminoguanidine), the hexosamine pathway inhibitor (benfotiamine), inhibitor of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (nicotinamide), and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (trandolapril). The development of modern drugs to treat DN is a real challenge and needs intensive long-term comparative trials.
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Radovits T, Arif R, Bömicke T, Korkmaz S, Barnucz E, Karck M, Merkely B, Szabó G. Vascular dysfunction induced by hypochlorite is improved by the selective phosphodiesterase-5-inhibitor vardenafil. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 710:110-9. [PMID: 23623933 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species, such as hypochlorite induce oxidative stress, which impairs nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling and leads to vascular dysfunction. It has been proposed, that elevated cGMP-levels may contribute to an effective cytoprotection against oxidative stress. We investigated the effects of vardenafil, a selective inhibitor of the cGMP-degrading phosphodiesterase-5 enzyme on vascular dysfunction induced by hypochlorite. In organ bath experiments for isometric tension, we investigated the endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent vasorelaxation of isolated rat aortic rings using cumulative concentrations of acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Vascular dysfunction was induced by exposing rings to hypochlorite (100-400 µM). In the treatment groups, rats were pretreated with vardenafil (30 and 300 µg/kg i.v.). Immunohistochemical analysis was performed for the oxidative stress markers nitrotyrosine, poly(ADP-ribose) and for apoptosis inducing factor (AIF). Exposure to hypochlorite resulted in a marked impairment of acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation of aortic rings. Pretreatment with vardenafil led to improved endothelial function as reflected by the higher maximal vasorelaxation (Rmax) to acetylcholine. Regarding endothelium-independent vasorelaxation, hypochlorite exposure led to a left-shift of SNP concentration-response curves in the vardenafil groups without any alterations of the Rmax. In the hypochlorite groups immunohistochemical analysis showed enhanced poly(ADP-ribose)-formation and nuclear translocation of AIF, which were prevented by vardenafil-pretreatment. Our results support the view that cytoprotective effects of PDE-5-inhibitors on the endothelium may underlie the improved endothelial function, however, a slight sensitisation of vascular smooth muscle to NO was also confirmed. PDE-5-inhibition may represent a potential therapy approach for treating vascular dysfunction induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamás Radovits
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, 2. OG. INF 326, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Gusan S, Anand-Srivastava MB. cAMP attenuates the enhanced expression of Gi proteins and hyperproliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells from SHR: role of ROS and ROS-mediated signaling. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 304:C1198-209. [PMID: 23576581 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00269.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced overexpression of inhibitory G proteins (Gi) was attenuated by dibutyryl-cAMP (db-cAMP) in A10 vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Since enhanced levels of endogenous ANG II contributed to the overexpression of Gi protein and hyperproliferation of VSMC from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), the present study was therefore undertaken to examine if cAMP could also attenuate the overexpression of Gi proteins and hyperproliferation of VSMC from SHR and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for this response. The enhanced expression of Giα proteins in VSMC from SHR and Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hypertensive rats was decreased by db-cAMP. In addition, enhanced inhibition of adenylyl cyclase by inhibitory hormones and forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity by low concentration of GTPγS in VSMC from SHR was also restored to Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) levels by db-cAMP. Furthermore, db-cAMP also attenuated the hyperproliferation and the increased production of superoxide anion, NAD(P)H oxidase activity, overexpression of Nox1/Nox2/Nox4 and p47phox proteins, increased phosphorylation of PDGF-receptor (R), EGF-R, c-Src, and ERK1/2 to control levels. In addition, the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor reversed the effects of db-cAMP on the expression of Nox4 and Giα proteins and hyperproliferation of VSMC from SHR to WKY levels, while stimulation of the exchange protein directly activated by cAMP did not have any effect on these parameters. These results suggest that cAMP via PKA pathway attenuates the overexpression of Gi proteins and hyperproliferation of VSMC from SHR through the inhibition of ROS and ROS-mediated transactivation of EGF-R/PDGF-R and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Gusan
- Department of Physiology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Balarini CM, Leal MA, Gomes IBS, Pereira TMC, Gava AL, Meyrelles SS, Vasquez EC. Sildenafil restores endothelial function in the apolipoprotein E knockout mouse. J Transl Med 2013; 11:3. [PMID: 23289368 PMCID: PMC3551739 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-11-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory process of the arterial walls and is initiated by endothelial dysfunction accompanied by an imbalance in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Sildenafil, a selective phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitor used for erectile dysfunction, exerts its cardiovascular effects by enhancing the effects of NO. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sildenafil on endothelial function and atherosclerosis progression in apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE−/−) mice. Methods ApoE−/− mice treated with sildenafil (Viagra®, 40 mg/kg/day, for 3 weeks, by oral gavage) were compared to the untreated apoE−/− and the wild-type (WT) mice. Aortic rings were used to evaluate the relaxation responses to acetylcholine (ACh) in all of the groups. In a separate set of experiments, the roles of NO and ROS in the relaxation response to ACh were evaluated by incubating the aortic rings with L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor) or apocynin (NADPH oxidase inhibitor). In addition, the atherosclerotic lesions were quantified and superoxide production was assessed. Results Sildenafil restored the vasodilator response to acetylcholine (ACh) in the aortic rings of the apoE−/− mice. Treatment with L-NAME abolished the vasodilator responses to ACh in all three groups of mice and revealed an augmented participation of NO in the endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the sildenafil-treated animals. The normalized endothelial function in sildenafil-treated apoE−/− mice was unaffected by apocynin highlighting the low levels of ROS production in these animals. Moreover, morphological analysis showed that sildenafil treatment caused approximately a 40% decrease in plaque deposition in the aorta. Conclusion This is the first study demonstrating the beneficial effects of chronic treatment with sildenafil on endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in a model of spontaneous hypercholesterolemia. These data indicate that the main mechanism of the beneficial effect of sildenafil on the endothelial function appears to involve an enhancement of the NO pathway along with a reduction in oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille M Balarini
- Dept, of Physiological Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
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Fang L, Radovits T, Szabó G, Mózes MM, Rosivall L, Kökény G. Selective phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor vardenafil ameliorates renal damage in type 1 diabetic rats by restoring cyclic 3',5' guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) level in podocytes. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012. [PMID: 23203993 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfs391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is characterized by podocyte damage and increased phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) activity-exacerbating nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic 3',5' guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway dysfunction. It has been shown that PDE-5 inhibition ameliorates DN. The role of podocytes in this mechanism remains unclear. We investigated how selective PDE-5 inhibition influences podocyte damage in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were injected with STZ and divided into two groups: (i) STZ control (non-treated, STZ, n=6) and (ii) STZ+vardenafil treatment (10 mg/kg/day, STZ-Vard, n=8). Non-diabetic rats served as negative controls (Control, n=7). Following 8 weeks of treatment, immunohistochemical and molecular analysis of the kidneys were performed. RESULTS Diabetic rats had proteinuria, increased renal transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 expression and podocyte damage when compared with controls. Vardenafil treatment resulted in preserved podocyte cGMP levels, less proteinuria, reduced renal TGF-β1 expression, desmin immunostaining in podocytes and restored both nephrin and podocin mRNA expression. Diabetes led to increased glomerular nitrotyrosine formation and renal neuronal nitric oxide synthase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA expression, but vardenafil did not influence these parameters. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that a dysfunctional NO-cGMP pathway exacerbates podocyte damage in diabetes. In conclusion, vardenafil treatment preserves podocyte function and reduces glomerular damage, which indicates therapeutic potential in patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilla Fang
- Institute of Pathophysiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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KMUP-1 inhibits hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy through regulation of nitric oxide synthases, ERK1/2, and calcineurin. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2012; 28:567-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2012.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Khoshakhlagh P, Bahrololoumi-Shapourabadi M, Mohammadirad A, Ashtaral-Nakhai L, Minaie B, Abdollahi M. Beneficial effect of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor in experimental inflammatory bowel disease; molecular evidence for involvement of oxidative stress. Toxicol Mech Methods 2012; 17:281-8. [PMID: 20020951 DOI: 10.1080/15376510601003769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common and chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by intestinal inflammation and mucosal tissue damage. Reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs) play a pathogenic role in IBD. We aimed to examine the protective effect of sildenafil, a cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitor, in the experimental mouse model of IBD. Intrarectal instillation of acetic acid was used to induce IBD. Prednisolone was used as the standard drug for comparison. Sildenafil was used at doses of 0.75, 1.5, and 3 mg/kg. Biochemicals and macroscopic and microscopic examinations of colonic tissue were performed. Results indicated that activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lipid peroxidation product (TBARS) markers of oxidative stress are increased in acetic acid-treated groups and are recovered by sildenafil pretreatment and prednisolone. Sildenafil- (1.5 and 3 mg/kg) and prednisolone-treated groups showed significantly lower score values of macroscopic and microscopic characters when compared to the acetic acid-treated group. The beneficial effect of sildenafil (3 mg/kg) was comparable to that of prednisolone. It is concluded that sildenafil is helpful in the management of IBD, which is presumably related to its strong antioxidative stress potential mediated through enhanced cGMP. Results of proper clinical trials will determine the possible efficacy of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in human IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooneh Khoshakhlagh
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran
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Ghazanfari G, Minaie B, Yasa N, Nakhai LA, Mohammadirad A, Nikfar S, Dehghan G, Boushehri VS, Jamshidi H, Khorasani R, Salehnia A, Abdollahi M. Biochemical and histopathological evidences for beneficial effects of satureja khuzestanica jamzad essential oil on the mouse model of inflammatory bowel diseases. Toxicol Mech Methods 2012; 16:365-72. [PMID: 20021009 DOI: 10.1080/15376520600620125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The essential oil from Satureja Khuzestanica Jamzad (SKEO), an endemic plant from Iran, was evaluated for its activity against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). SKEO was examined on the experimental mouse model of inflammatory bowel disease, which is acetic acid-induced colitis. Prednisolone was used as the standard drug for comparison. Biochemical, macroscopic, and microscopic examinations of colon were performed. Lipid peroxidation significantly increased in acetic acid-treated mice in comparison to the normal group (4.88 vs. 3.02 mumol/g) and was significantly restored by SKEO (500, 1000, 1500 ppm) and prednisolone treatment. The mean percentage of decreases of lipid peroxidation in SKEO (500, 1000, 1500 ppm)- and prednisolone-treated groups were 10.5, 28.5, 42.85, and 33.33 of control, respectively. The myeloperoxidase activity significantly increased in acetic acid-treated mice in comparison to the normal group (4.1 vs. 0.8 U/g) and significantly restored in SKEO (1000 and 1500 ppm)- and prednisolone-treated groups. The mean percentage of decreases of myeloperoxidase activity in SKEO (1000 and 1500 ppm)- and prednisolone-treated groups were 24.56, 50, and 52.63 of control, respectively. SKEO (1000 and 1500 ppm)- and prednisolone-treated groups showed significantly lower score values of macroscopic and microscopic characters when compared to the acetic acid-treated group. The beneficial effect of SKEO (1500 ppm) was comparable to that of prednisolone. Known antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, and antispasmodic potentials of Satureja Khuzestanica may be the mechanisms by which this plant protects animals against experimentally induced IBD. Proper clinical investigation should be carried out to confirm the activity in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazal Ghazanfari
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Rezvanfar MA, Rahimi HR, Abdollahi M. ADMET considerations for phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2012; 8:1231-45. [PMID: 22769968 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2012.698610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) profiling is an important aspect of all drug developments. The pharmaceutical industry must always consider ADMET properties in order to optimize drug candidates and to introduce new formulations against existing marketed drugs. Consequently, candidate drug development may be halted early in the discovery phase or during the more costly drug development process because of their poor ADMET properties. AREAS COVERED The main focus of this article is ADMET profiling, pharmacokinetic (PK) drug interactions, mechanisms and possible adverse drug reactions (ADRs) for approved phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (PDE5Is). The authors also look at the efficacy and non-erectogenic benefits of current PDE5Is, which are widely used by patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). The authors also discuss other unapproved PDE5Is such as aildenafil and udenafil, which are currently in use in clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION The authors believe that the enhancing effect of PDE5Is on the nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway means that PDE5Is could be used to treat various conditions. An important issue in their development is 'cross-talk' between PDE5 and other PDEs and thus their specificity for other PDEs. But while it might be difficult to achieve the ideal ADMET profile, it should not necessarily prevent further development of a lead PDE5I. The risk assessment of PDE5Is, with respect to their ADMET properties, is therefore very important for predicting drug-drug interactions, possible side effects, ADRs and its future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Rezvanfar
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Tehran, Iran
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Mostafa T, Rashed L, Kotb K, Taymour M. Effect of testosterone and frequent low-dose sildenafil/tadalafil on cavernous tissue oxidative stress of aged diabetic rats. Andrologia 2012; 44:411-5. [PMID: 22489795 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2012.01294.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effect of testosterone (T) administration and chronic low-dose sildenafil/tadalafil on cavernous tissue oxidative stress (OS) of aged diabetic rats. In all, 140 Sprague-Dawley aged rats were subdivided into the following: controls; streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats; diabetic rats injected with T every 4 weeks; diabetic rats on sildenafil orally daily; diabetic rats on T and daily sildenafil; diabetic rats on tadalafil orally every other day; diabetic rats on T and tadalafil; diabetic rats on alternate sildenafil/tadalafil; and diabetic rats on alternate sildenafil/tadalafil with T. After 12 weeks, the rats were euthanised where in dissected cavernous tissues malondialdehyde (MAD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate) were estimated. Compared with controls, aged diabetic rats demonstrated significant increase in cavernous tissue MDA and significant decrease in GPx and cGMP where diabetic rats injected with T had marked improvement of these parameters. Diabetic rats on sildenafil, tadalafil or alternate sildenafil/tadalafil demonstrated significant increased cavernous tissue GPx, cGMP and decreased cavernous MDA that was further improved when supplemented with T. It is concluded that frequent low-dose use of sildenafil and/or tadalafil supplemented with T has a marked impact on ameliorating cavernous OS in aged diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Mostafa
- Department of Andrology and Sexology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Mohammadi M, Atashpour S, Pourkhalil N, Nili-Ahmad A, Baeeri M, Mohammadir A, Hassani S, Nikfar S, Abdollahi M. Comparative Improvement in Function of Isolated Rat Langerhans Islets by Various Phosphodiesterase 3, 4 and 5 Inhibitors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3923/ajava.2011.1233.1240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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44
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Mostafalou S, Eghbal MA, Nili-Ahmadabadi A, Baeeri M, Abdollahi M. Biochemical evidence on the potential role of organophosphates in hepatic glucose metabolism toward insulin resistance through inflammatory signaling and free radical pathways. Toxicol Ind Health 2011; 28:840-51. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233711425073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Several studies show that organophosphate pesticides exert several effects on glucose homeostasis. The current study investigates the influence of subchronic exposure to malathion (MT) on hepatic gluconeogenesis in relation to acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the rat. MT was administered by gavage at doses of 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg for 32 days. Fasting hyperglycemia was seen in line with an increased activity of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, glucose 6-phosphatase and tumor necrosis factor α. In addition to the impaired glucose tolerance and inhibition of AChE in a dose-dependent manner, there were significant increases in hepatic lipid peroxidation, carbonyl groups and 8-deoxyguanosine as the biomarkers of reactive oxygen species–mediated damage to lipid, protein and DNA, respectively. Altered quality of the liver in glucose production especially gluconeogenesis could be a compensatory mechanism against MT toxicity or even result in tissue damage. MT-induced insulin resistance in the liver occurs through oxidative and inflammatory signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mostafalou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Eghbal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Nili-Ahmadabadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Baeeri M, Foroumadi A, Motamedi M, Yahya-Meymandi A, Firoozpour L, Ostad SN, Shafiee A, Souzangarzadeh S, Abdollahi M. Safety and efficacy of new 3,6-diaryl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazine analogs as potential phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors in NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblastic cells. Chem Biol Drug Des 2011; 78:438-44. [PMID: 21722319 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0285.2011.01167.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of potential phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) inhibitors, 6-(3-(cyclopentyloxy)-4-methoxyphenyl)-3-aryl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazines, were developed. Different concentrations of the synthesized compounds were tested on cultured NIH-3T3 cells to determine their safety and efficacy in NIH-3T3 mouse fibroblastic cells in comparison with rolipram, a selective PDE-4 inhibitor. The viability of cells was determined by (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-di-phenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay. The PDE inhibition rate was measured indirectly by determination of concentrations of extracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) using enzyme-linked immunoassay technique. The results showed that all tested compounds caused a marked increase in the concentration of cAMP, whereas the concentration of cGMP stayed approximately unchanged. The cytotoxic IC(50) of all synthesized compounds was approximately twofold greater than their required concentration for inhibition of PDE-4 (in terms of elevation of cAMP), and thus, these structures could be used to develop potent and safe inhibitors of PDE-4 enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Baeeri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
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Liu G, Sun X, Dai Y, Zheng F, Wang D, Huang Y, Bian J, Deng C. Chronic administration of sildenafil modified the impaired VEGF system and improved the erectile function in rats with diabetic erectile dysfunction. J Sex Med 2011; 7:3868-78. [PMID: 20487237 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01844.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Men frequently develop diabetic erectile dysfunction (DMED), as a result of endothelial dysfunction. DMED patients often have reduced efficacy with phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors therapy. AIM To determine whether chronic sildenafil administration can modify the impaired vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) system and improve the erectile function in rats with diabetic erectile dysfunction. METHODS A group of Sprague Dawley rats (n = 30) with DMED were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) and screened by subcutaneous injection of Apomorphine (100 mg/kg). They were then exposed to either vehicle or sildenafil (prescribed in our hospital, 5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively) for 10 weeks. An additional nondiabetic and age-matched control group (n = 10) was also allocated and given the routine diet for the same period. Assessments were performed to both groups at 36 hours after the last dose of sildenafil. Penile intracavernous pressure (ICP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), penile tissue morphology, immunohistologic analysis, and Western blot analysis of VEGF, VEGFR1, and eNOS were determined. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Functional, morphological, and proteomical changes on penile structures by the chronic Sildenafil (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively) administration were determined. RESULTS A significant increase of ICP, ICP/MAP ratio, and area under the curve were observed in the both groups treated by sildenafil (5 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg, respectively), compared with the DMED rats without receiving Sildenafil. Immunohistochemical staining of their penile tissue showed a decrease in VEGF, VEGFR1, and eNOS staining in the controlled group compared with an improvement in the chronic sildenafil administration group. Western blot analysis demonstrated exactly the same results. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that daily sildenafil administration can restore the impaired VEGF system in the penis of DMED rats and progressively improve both erectile function and endothelial function, suggesting a potential general mechanism of improved signaling through the VEGF/eNOS signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Liu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Guzmán DC, Olguín HJ, Brizuela NO, García EH, Mejía GB, Jacobo AJ, Abarca LS, Betancourt ET. Effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and sildenafil on serotonin metabolism and some oxidative damage markers in rat prostate gland and brain. Andrologia 2011; 43:266-72. [PMID: 21486408 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2010.01067.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sildenafil and prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) (drugs used in erectile dysfunction) on production of free radicals in prostate and brain of rat. A single dose of sildenafil (10 mg kg(-1) ) and PGE1 (20 μg kg(-1) ) was given to Sprague-Dawley rats (300 g weight) intraperitoneally. The levels of testosterone were measured in blood. Their brains and prostate glands were separated to measure lipid peroxidation, Na(+) and K(+) ATPase activity, reduced glutathione (GSH) and serotonin levels, by means of validated methods. The levels of testosterone increased slightly in animals treated with sildenafil and PGE1. The activity of total ATPase was increased in the prostate of animals treated with sildenafil + PGE1 but decreased in those that received sildenafil alone. PGE1 caused significant diminution of GSH levels in both organs. Sildenafil increased the levels of serotonine in brain, whereas in prostate they decreased instead. Our results suggest that sildenafil induced changes in GSH levels as well as in the serotonergic metabolism, alone or with PGE1 in prostate and brain, respectively. Thus, the combination therapy may be ideal to sustain the biochemical balance due to biphasic stimulation on brain and prostate.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C Guzmán
- Laboratorio de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría (INP), México
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Vosough-Ghanbari S, Rahimi R, Kharabaf S, Zeinali S, Mohammadirad A, Amini S, Yasa N, Salehnia A, Toliat T, Nikfar S, Larijani B, Abdollahi M. Effects of Satureja khuzestanica on Serum Glucose, Lipids and Markers of Oxidative Stress in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2010; 7:465-70. [PMID: 18955324 PMCID: PMC2892343 DOI: 10.1093/ecam/nen018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2007] [Accepted: 02/14/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Satureja khuzestanica is an endemic plant of Iran that is widely distributed in the Southern part of the country. It has antioxidant properties and thus it seems to be useful in diseases related to oxidative stress such as diabetes and hyperlipidemia. The present study investigates the effect of S. khuzestanica supplement in metabolic parameters of hyperlipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Twenty-one hyperlipidemic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomized in a double blind, placebo controlled clinical trial to receive either S. khuzestanica (tablets contain 250 mg dried leaves) or placebo once a day for 60 days. Blood samples were obtained at baseline and at the end of the study. Samples were analyzed for levels of glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, creatinine, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as marker of lipid peroxidation and ferric reducing ability (total antioxidant power, TAP). Treatment of patients by S. khuzestanica for 60 days induced significant decrease in total cholesterol (P = 0.008) and LDL-cholesterol (P = 0.03) while increased HDL-cholesterol (P = 0.02) and TAP (P = 0.007) in comparison with the baseline values. S. khuzestanica did not alter blood glucose, triglyceride, creatinin and TBARS levels. In comparison with baseline values, no significant change was observed in blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglyceride, creatinine, TBARS and TAP in placebo-treated group. Usage of S. khuzestanica as a supplement to drug regimen of diabetic type 2 patients with hyperlipidemia is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Vosough-Ghanbari
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roja Rahimi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Kharabaf
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Zeinali
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Mohammadirad
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Amini
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nargues Yasa
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alinazar Salehnia
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Toliat
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shekoufeh Nikfar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center (EMRC) and Faculty of Medicine, Medicinal Plants Research Center (MPRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) and Drug Selecting Committee, Food and Drug Organization, and Food and Drug Laboratory Research Center, Tehran, Iran
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Arikan DC, Bakan V, Kurutas EB, Sayar H, Coskun A. Protective effect of tadalafil on ischemia/reperfusion injury of rat ovary. J Pediatr Surg 2010; 45:2203-9. [PMID: 21034945 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2010.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of tadalafil (TDF) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rat ovaries. METHODS Thirty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 7): sham (S), I/R1, I/R2, TDF1, and TDF2. In the I/R1 and TDF1 groups, 3-hour ischemia was followed by 12-hour reperfusion; and in the I/R2 and TDF2 groups, 3-hour ischemia was followed by 24-hour reperfusion. In the TDF groups, 30 minutes before reperfusion, a single dose of 5 mg/kg TDF was administered intraperitoneally. The ovarian tissue levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide (NO), and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were measured biochemically. Tissue damage to ovarian tissue was scored by histopathologic examination. RESULTS The tissue malondialdehyde levels were significantly higher and the catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly lower in the I/R groups compared with the S and TDF groups (P < .05). The NO levels were significantly higher in the TDF1 group than the S and I/R1 groups (P < .05). Although the NO levels were increased in the TDF2 group compared with the I/R2 group, the difference was not significant. Ovarian tissue damage scores of the I/R groups were significantly higher than those of the S group (P < .05). Treatment with TDF significantly decreased the ovarian tissue damage scores in the TDF groups compared with the I/R groups (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS Tadalafil is effective in preventing tissue damage induced by I/R in rat ovaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Cemgil Arikan
- Medical Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kahramanmaras Sutcuimam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
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Mohseni-Salehi-Monfared SS, Habibollahzadeh E, Sadeghi H, Baeeri M, Abdollahi M. Efficacy of Setarud (IMOD™), a novel electromagnetically-treated multi-herbal compound, in mouse immunogenic type-1 diabetes. Arch Med Sci 2010; 6:663-9. [PMID: 22419922 PMCID: PMC3298332 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2010.17078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2009] [Revised: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and mechanisms of Setarud (IMOD™) as a multi-herbal medicinal formula on a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. METERIAL AND METHODS: Autoimmune diabetes was induced by multiple low-dose intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) for five consecutive days. IMOD™ was administered at an effective dose of 20 mg/kg/day for 21 days. After 21 days of treatment, the pancreases of the animals were separated and homogenized. In the pancreas tissue, the level of lipid peroxidation as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), total antioxidant power as ferric reducing ability of pancreas (FRAP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and the concentrations of interleukin-1 (IL-1β) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were evaluated. Glucose changes were tested in the blood. Microscopic changes in the pancreas were followed by histological examinations. RESULTS No significant difference was found between IMOD™ and diabetic control groups in blood glucose pattern. STZ-exposed mice showed a significant increase in pancreatic TBARS, MPO, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels, along with a significant decrease in FRAP value. Co-administration of IMOD™ significantly improved all the mentioned parameters disrupted by STZ administration except for blood glucose and histological changes. CONCLUSION IMOD™ could ameliorate oxidative and immunological distresses of type-1 immunogenic diabetes but could not normalize blood glucose. Further studies are recommended to clarify the effects of IMOD™ on immunological factors to address whether this new agent could be applied in diabetes prevention or therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Sajad Mohseni-Salehi-Monfared
- Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ebad Habibollahzadeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooman Sadeghi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Baeeri
- Faculty of Pharmacy, and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
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