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Metschl S, Bruder L, Paloschi V, Jakob K, Reutersberg B, Reeps C, Maegdefessel L, Gee M, Eckstein HH, Pelisek J. Changes in endocan and dermatan sulfate are associated with biomechanical properties of abdominal aortic wall during aneurysm expansion and rupture. Thromb Haemost 2022; 122:1513-1523. [PMID: 35170008 DOI: 10.1055/a-1772-0574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The study aimed to assess the potential of proteoglycans (PG) and collagens as serological biomarkers in the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Furthermore, we investigated the underlying mechano-biological interactions and signaling pathways. METHODS Tissue and serum samples from patients with ruptured AAA (rAAA, n=29), elective AAA (eAAA, n=78), and healthy individuals (n=8) were evaluated by histology, immunohistochemistry and Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), mechanical properties were assessed by tensile tests. Regulatory pathways were determined by membrane-based sandwich immunoassay. RESULTS In AAA samples, collagen type I and III (Col1, Col3), chondroitin sulfate (CS), and dermatan sulfate (DS) were significantly increased compared to controls (3.0-, 3.2-, 1.3-, and 53-fold; p<0.01). Col1 and endocan were also elevated in the serum of AAA patients (3.6- and 6.0-fold; p<0.01), while DS was significantly decreased (2.5-fold; p<0.01). Histological scoring showed increased total PGs and focal accumulation in rAAA compared to eAAA. Tissue β-stiffness was higher in rAAA compared to eAAA (2.0-fold, p=0.02). Serum Col1 correlated with maximum tensile force and failure tension (r=0.448 and 0.333; p<0.01 and =0.02), tissue endocan correlated with α-stiffness (r=0.340; p<0.01). Signaling pathways in AAA were associated with ECM synthesis and VSMC proliferation. In particular, Src family kinases, PDGF- and EGF-related proteins seem to be involved. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal a structural association between collagen and PGs and their response to changes in mechanical loads in AAA. Particularly Col1 and endocan reflect the mechano-biological conditions of the aortic wall also in the patient's serum and might serve for AAA risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Metschl
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munchen, Germany
| | - Lukas Bruder
- Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group, Technical University of Munich, Munchen, Germany
| | - Valentina Paloschi
- Vascular and Endovascular surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Germany
| | - Katharina Jakob
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munchen, Germany
| | | | - Christian Reeps
- Visceral, Thoracic, and Vascular Surgery, Medizinische Fakultät an der TU-Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universitat Munchen, Munchen, Germany
| | - Michael Gee
- Mechanics & High Performance Computing Group, Technical University of Munich, Munchen, Germany
| | - Hans-Henning Eckstein
- Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Technical University of Munich School of Medicine, Munchen, Germany
| | - Jaroslav Pelisek
- Experimental Vascular Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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A Possible Role for Arylsulfatase G in Dermatan Sulfate Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144913. [PMID: 32664626 PMCID: PMC7404199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Perturbations of glycosaminoglycan metabolism lead to mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS)—lysosomal storage diseases. One type of MPS (type VI) is associated with a deficiency of arylsulfatase B (ARSB), for which we previously established a cellular model using pulmonary artery endothelial cells with a silenced ARSB gene. Here, we explored the effects of silencing the ARSB gene on the growth of human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in the presence of different concentrations of dermatan sulfate (DS). The viability of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells with a silenced ARSB gene was stimulated by the dermatan sulfate. In contrast, the growth of pulmonary artery endothelial cells was not affected. As shown by microarray analysis, the expression of the arylsulfatase G (ARSG) in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells increased after silencing the arylsulfatase B gene, but the expression of genes encoding other enzymes involved in the degradation of dermatan sulfate did not. The active site of arylsulfatase G closely resembles that of arylsulfatase B, as shown by molecular modeling. Together, these results lead us to propose that arylsulfatase G can take part in DS degradation; therefore, it can affect the functioning of the cells with a silenced arylsulfatase B gene.
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Tykesson E, Mao Y, Maccarana M, Pu Y, Gao J, Lin C, Zaia J, Westergren-Thorsson G, Ellervik U, Malmström L, Malmström A. Deciphering the Mode of Action of the Processive Polysaccharide Modifying Enzyme Dermatan Sulfate Epimerase 1 by Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry. Chem Sci 2015; 7:1447-1456. [PMID: 26900446 PMCID: PMC4755500 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03798k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Distinct from template-directed biosynthesis of nucleic acids and proteins, the enzymatic synthesis of heterogeneous polysaccharides is a complex process that is difficult to study using common analytical tools. Therefore, the mode of action and processivity of those enzymes are largely unknown. Dermatan sulfate epimerase 1 (DS-epi1) is the predominant enzyme during the formation of iduronic acid residues in the glycosaminoglycan dermatan sulfate. Using recombinant DS-epi1 as a model enzyme, we describe a tandem mass spectrometry-based method to study the mode of action of polysaccharide processing enzymes. The enzyme action on the substrate was monitored by hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry and the sequence information was then fed into mathematical models with two different assumptions of the mode of action for the enzyme: processive reducing end to non-reducing end, and processive non-reducing end to reducing end. Model data was scored by correlation to experimental data and it was found that DS-epi1 attacks its substrate on a random position, followed by a processive mode of modification towards the non-reducing end and that the substrate affinity of the enzyme is negatively affected by each additional epimerization event. It could also be shown that the smallest active substrate was the reducing end uronic acid in a tetrasaccharide and that octasaccharides and longer oligosaccharides were optimal substrates. The method of using tandem mass spectrometry to generate sequence information of the complex enzymatic products in combination with in silico modeling can be potentially applied to study the mode of action of other enzymes involved in polysaccharide biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Tykesson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Yang Mao
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marco Maccarana
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Yi Pu
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jinshan Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, and Center for Quantitative Obesity Research, Montclair State University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Cheng Lin
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joseph Zaia
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Ulf Ellervik
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Anders Malmström
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden
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Adhikari N, Billaud M, Carlson M, Lake SP, Montaniel KRC, Staggs R, Guan W, Walek D, Desir S, Isakson BE, Barocas VH, Hall JL. Vascular biomechanical properties in mice with smooth muscle specific deletion of Ndst1. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 385:225-38. [PMID: 24101444 PMCID: PMC4853023 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1831-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans act as co-receptors for many chemokines and growth factors. The sulfation pattern of the heparan sulfate chains is a critical regulatory step affecting the binding of chemokines and growth factors. N-deacetylase-N-sulfotransferase1 (Ndst1) is one of the first enzymes to catalyze sulfation. Previously published work has shown that HSPGs alter tangent moduli and stiffness of tissues and cells. We hypothesized that loss of Ndst1 in smooth muscle would lead to significant changes in heparan sulfate modification and the elastic properties of arteries. In line with this hypothesis, the axial tangent modulus was significantly decreased in aorta from mice lacking Ndst1 in smooth muscle (SM22αcre(+)Ndst1(-/-), p < 0.05, n = 5). The decrease in axial tangent modulus was associated with a significant switch in myosin and actin types and isoforms expressed in aorta and isolated aortic vascular smooth muscle cells. In contrast, no changes were found in the compliance of smaller thoracodorsal arteries of SM22αcre(+)Ndst1(-/-) mice. In summary, the major findings of this study were that targeted ablation of Ndst1 in smooth muscle cells results in altered biomechanical properties of aorta and differential expression of myosin and actin types and isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Adhikari
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Marie Billaud
- Robert M Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Marjorie Carlson
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Spencer P. Lake
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Kim Ramil C. Montaniel
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Rod Staggs
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Weihua Guan
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Dinesha Walek
- Biomedical Genomics Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Snider Desir
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Brant E. Isakson
- Robert M Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908
| | - Victor H. Barocas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, MN 55455
| | - Jennifer L. Hall
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
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Bahrom NA, Sirajudeen KNS, Yip GW, Latiff AA, Ghazali FC. Sulfated glycosaminoglycans from crown-of-thorns Acanthaster planci - extraction and quantification analysis. Food Sci Nutr 2013; 1:83-9. [PMID: 24804017 PMCID: PMC3951571 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 10/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, the novel inventive steps for the extraction and quantification of sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) from Acanthaster planci starfish, generally known as crown-of-thorns (COT), are reported. Starfish have been implicated with collagenous distributions within their body anatomy, thus making it a prima facie fact searching for the possibility that GAGs can be isolated from COT. In this study, total-, N-, and O-sulfated GAGs were extracted from three anatomical regions of the COT (integument, internal tissue, and coelomic fluid) and comparison was made. The result showed that body region of COT seemed to contain higher amount of sulfated GAGs as opposed to the arm region (55.79 ± 0.65 μg/mg was the highest amount in the body extracted from its coelomic fluid and 32.28 ± 3.14 μg/mg was the highest amount in the arm extracted from its internal tissue). COT's integument and coelomic fluid from its body region possessed the highest total of sulfated GAGs content with no significant difference (P < 0.05) between the two. All GAGs from COT comprised a higher percentage of N-sulfated GAGs than its counterpart, the O-sulfated GAGs. When compared with a similar previous study that used sea cucumbers as the sulfated GAGs source, COT possessed more total sulfated GAGs content per milligram as compared with the sea cucumber generally. This result seems to unveil this marine species' advantage per se pertaining to GAGs extraction biomass applicability. Thus, COT could now be the better alternative source for production technology of total-, N-, and O-sulfated GAGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Afiqah Bahrom
- Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaKubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - KNS Sirajudeen
- Department of Chemical Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaKubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
| | - George W Yip
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of SingaporeSingapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Aishah A Latiff
- Doping Control Centre, Universiti Sains MalaysiaPenang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Farid Che Ghazali
- Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains MalaysiaKubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia
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