1
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Zhu Y, Borstelmann J, Bertleff O, Bergner J, Wei Z, Neiss C, Görling A, Kivala M, Petrukhina MA. Unveiling the Multielectron Acceptor Properties of π-Expanded Pyracylene: Reversible Boat to Chair Conversion. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:14715-14723. [PMID: 38741481 PMCID: PMC11140751 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the chemical reduction of a hybrid pyracylene-hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronene (HPH) nanographene was investigated with different alkali metals (Na, K, Rb) to reveal its remarkable multielectron acceptor abilities. The UV-vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy monitoring of the stepwise reduction reactions supports the existence of all intermediate reduction states up to the hexaanion for HPH. Tuning the experimental conditions enabled the synthesis of the HPH anions with gradually increasing reduction states (up to -5) isolated with different alkali metal ions as crystalline materials. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure analysis demonstrates that the highly negatively charged HPH anions (-4 and -5) exhibit a drastic geometry change from boat-shaped (observed in the neutral parent, mono- and dianions) to a chair conformation, which was proved to be fully reversible by NMR spectroscopy. DFT calculations show that this geometry change is induced by an enhanced interaction between the coordinated metal ions and negatively charged HPH core in the chair conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State
University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Jan Borstelmann
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Oliver Bertleff
- Lehrstuhl
für Theoretische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander
Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - John Bergner
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State
University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Christian Neiss
- Lehrstuhl
für Theoretische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander
Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Andreas Görling
- Lehrstuhl
für Theoretische Chemie, Friedrich-Alexander
Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Erlangen
National High Performance Computing Center (NHR@FAU), Martensstr. 1, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Milan Kivala
- Organisch-Chemisches
Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State
University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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2
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Nishimoto M, Uetake Y, Yakiyama Y, Sakurai H. Thermodynamic Differentiation of the Two Sides of Azabuckybowl through Complexation with Square Planar Platinum(II). Chem Asian J 2023; 18:e202201103. [PMID: 36404383 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202201103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The precise control of the two faces, concave/convex faces, is an attractive challenge to realizing novel dynamic molecular systems. Herein, we report the synthesis, X-ray crystal structure, and bowl-to-bowl inversion behavior of a platinum complex with azabuckybowl as a monodentate ligand. X-ray crystallography revealed that the azabuckybowl is orthogonally coordinated to the plane containing the Pt center and other ligands. One and two-dimensional NMR studies have also confirmed that this complex was observed as mixtures of two isomers, although the isomeric ratio was highly biased. Theoretical calculations indicate that the difference in thermodynamic stability of these isomers is due to the direction of the concave/convex face of an azabuckybowl ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikey Nishimoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuta Uetake
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yumi Yakiyama
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.,Innovative Catalysis Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (ICS-OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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3
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Kataoka Y, Yano N, Mikuriya M, Handa M. Coordination polymers and metal–organic frameworks based on paddlewheel-type dirhodium(II) tetracarboxylates. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Shang J, Wang R, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang H, Shao X. Monoazadichalcogenasumanenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Ring Reconstruction via Atom Transfer under Acidic Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117504. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Renjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Zitong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Hao‐Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province China
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5
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Ab Initio Study of the Interaction of a Graphene Surface Decorated with a Metal-Doped C 30 with Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, Methane, and Ozone. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094933. [PMID: 35563323 PMCID: PMC9105178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Using DFT simulations, we studied the interaction of a semifullerene C30 and a defected graphene layer. We obtained the C30 chemisorbs on the surface. We also found the adsorbed C30 chemisorbs, Li, Ti, or Pt, on its concave part. Thus, the resulting system (C30-graphene) is a graphene layer decorated with a metal-doped C30. The adsorption of the molecules depends on the shape of the base of the semifullerene and the dopant metal. The CO molecule adsorbed without dissociation in all cases. When the bottom is a pentagon, the adsorption occurs only with Ti as the dopant. It also adsorbs for a hexagon as the bottom with Pt as the dopant. The carbon dioxide molecule adsorbs in the two cases of base shape but only when lithium is the dopant. The adsorption occurs without dissociation. The ozone molecule adsorbs on both surfaces. When Ti or Pt are dopants, we found that the O3 molecule always dissociates into an oxygen molecule and an oxygen atom. When Li is the dopant, the O3 molecule adsorbs without dissociation. Methane did not adsorb in any case. Calculating the recovery time at 300 K, we found that the system may be a sensor in several instances.
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6
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Shang J, Wang R, Yuan C, Liu Z, Zhang HL, Shao X. Monoazadichalcogenasumanenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Ring Reconstruction via Atom Transfer under Acidic Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jihai Shang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Renjie Wang
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Zitong Liu
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Hao-Li Zhang
- Lanzhou University State key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry 222 Tianshui Southern Road 730000 Lanzhou CHINA
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7
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Tuning catalytic activity of dimolybdenum paddlewheel complexes by ligands: mechanism study on the radical addition reaction of CCl4 to 1-hexene. Struct Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-021-01790-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Abstract
Buckybowls have concave and convex surfaces with distinct π-electron cloud distribution, and consequently they show unique structural and electronic features as compared to planar aromatic polycycles. Doping the π-framework of buckybowls with heteroatoms is an efficient scheme to tailor inherent properties, because the nature of heteroatoms plays a pivotal role in the structural and electronic characteristics of the resulting hetera-buckybowls. The design, synthesis, and derivatization of hetera-buckybowls open an avenue for obtaining fascinating organic entities not only of fundamental importance but also of promising applications in optoelectronics. In this review, we summarize the advances in hetera-buckybowl chemistry, particularly the synthetic strategies toward these scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China.
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9
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Zatsikha YV, Blesener TS, King AJ, Healy AT, Goff PC, Didukh NO, Blank DA, Kovtun YP, Nemykin VN. Fully Conjugated Pyrene-BODIPY and Pyrene-BODIPY-Ferrocene Dyads and Triads: Synthesis, Characterization, and Selective Noncovalent Interactions with Nanocarbon Materials. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:360-371. [PMID: 33370123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c10074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several pyrene-boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) and pyrene-BODIPY-ferrocene derivatives with a fully conjugated pyrene fragment appended to the α-position(s) of the BODIPY core have been prepared by Knoevenagel condensation reaction and characterized by one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), UV-vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry as well as X-ray crystallography. The redox properties of new donor-acceptor BODIPY dyads and triads were studied by electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV)) and spectroelectrochemical approaches. Formation of weakly bonded noncovalent complexes between the new pyrene-BODIPYs and nanocarbon materials (C60, C70, single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT), and graphene) was studied by UV-vis, steady-state fluorescent, and time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. UV-vis and fluorescent spectroscopy are indicative of the much stronger and selective interaction between new dyes and (6,5)-SWCNT as well as graphene compared to that of C60 and C70 fullerenes. In agreement with these data, transient absorption spectroscopy provided no evidence for any significant change in excited-state lifetime or photoinduced charge transfer between pyrene-BODIPYs and C60 or C70 fullerenes when the pyrene-BODIPY chromophores were excited into the lowest-energy singlet excited state. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) calculations suggest that the pyrene fragments are fully conjugated into the π-system of BODIPY core, which correlates well with the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriy V Zatsikha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Tanner S Blesener
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Alex J King
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, United States
| | - Andrew T Healy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Philip C Goff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Natalia O Didukh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.,Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 02660 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - David A Blank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Yuriy P Kovtun
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 02660 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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10
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Solel E, Pappo D, Reany O, Mejuch T, Gershoni-Poranne R, Botoshansky M, Stanger A, Keinan E. Flat corannulene: when a transition state becomes a stable molecule. Chem Sci 2020; 11:13015-13025. [PMID: 34094486 PMCID: PMC8163244 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04566g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Flat corannulene has been considered so far only as a transition state of the bowl-to-bowl inversion process. This study was driven by the prediction that substituents with strong steric repulsion could destabilize the bowl-shaped conformation of this molecule to such an extent that the highly unstable planar geometry would become an isolable molecule. To examine the substituents' effect on the corannulene bowl depth, optimized structures for the highly-congested decakis(t-butylsulfido)corannulene were calculated. The computations, performed with both the M06-2X/def2-TZVP and the B3LYP/def2-TZVP methods (the latter with and without Grimme's D3 dispersion correction), predict that this molecule can achieve two minimum structures: a flat carbon framework and a bowl-shaped structure, which are very close in energy. This rather unusual compound was easily synthesized from decachlorocorannulene under mild reaction conditions, and X-ray crystallographic studies gave similar results to the theoretical predictions. This compound crystallized in two different polymorphs, one exhibiting a completely flat corannulene core and the other having a bowl-shaped conformation. The first flat metal-free corannulene derivative was predicted by computations and achieved by synthesis.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephrath Solel
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Doron Pappo
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva 84105 Israel
| | - Ofer Reany
- Avinoam Adam Department of Natural Sciences, The Open University of Israel 1 University Road, P.O. Box 808 Ra'anana 4353701 Israel
| | - Tom Mejuch
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Renana Gershoni-Poranne
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Mark Botoshansky
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Amnon Stanger
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
| | - Ehud Keinan
- The Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology Technion City Haifa 3200001 Israel
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11
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Liu L, Yan C, Li Y, Liu Z, Yuan C, Zhang H, Shao X. Tetrathiafulvalene‐Fused Heterabuckybowl: Protonation‐Induced Electron Transfer and Self‐Sensitized Photooxidation. Chemistry 2020; 26:7083-7091. [PMID: 32073723 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province P.R. China
| | - Chaoxian Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province P.R. China
| | - Yecheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province P.R. China
| | - Zhe Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province P.R. China
| | - Chengshan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province P.R. China
| | - Hao‐Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province P.R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University Tianshui Southern Road 222 Lanzhou 730000 Gansu Province P.R. China
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12
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Alkan M, Rogachev AY. Coupling of two curved polyaromatic radical-anions: stabilization of dimers by counterions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6716-6726. [PMID: 32163075 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06935f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a comprehensive theoretical investigation of both kinetic and thermodynamic stabilities was performed for dimeric dianionic systems (C20H10)22- and (C28H14)22-, neutralized by two alkali metal cations. The influence of the counterions was of primary interest. The impact of the additional/spectator ligand(s) was elucidated by considering adducts with four molecules of diglyme or two molecules of 18-crown-6 ether. Importantly, both types of systems - in the form of contact-ion pair (CIP) and solvent-separated ion pair (SSIP) - were considered. The SSIP set was augmented by the adduct, in which the dimeric dianionic species were neutralized with purely organic cations N(CH3)4+ and P(CH3)4+. Detailed analysis of the bonding revealed that the presence of the counterions made these systems thermodynamically stable. This finding is in sharp contrast with results obtained for isolated (PAH)22- systems, which were previously found to be thermodynamically unstable, but kinetically persistent. The introduction of the alkali metal cations to the system significantly increases the ionic term (ΔEelstat), whereas the repulsive ΔEPauli one was found to be substantially reduced. Considering that the orbital component (ΔEorb) exhibited only a moderate decrease and the preparation energy (ΔEprep) showed no changes, the above-mentioned changes in ΔEelstat and ΔEPauli provided a clear explanation for the increase of the thermodynamic stability of the target species. Importantly, a clear correlation between the size of the alkali metal cation and stability of the target dimeric product was established. Thermodynamic stability of the system rises with a decrease in the size of M+ due to enlargement of the ΔEorb. Evaluated energy barriers (as spin-crossing points between singlet and triplet energy surfaces) were found to be equal to +15.85 kcal mol-1 and +18.5 kcal mol-1 for [(Cs+)2{(C20H10)22-}] and [(Cs+)2{(C28H14)22-}], respectively, which is substantially higher than those calculated for isolated (PAH)22- systems (+10.00 kcal mol-1 for (C20H10)22- and +12.35 kcal mol-1 for (C28H14)22-). Thus, this study identified the presence of counterions as the key factor, which have a dramatic influence on the thermodynamic and kinetic stabilities of the aimed dianionic dimeric systems, which are formed by two curved polyaromatic monoanion-radicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melisa Alkan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA.
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13
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Rogachev AY, Alkan M, Li J, Liu S, Spisak SN, Filatov AS, Petrukhina MA. Mono-reduced Corannulene: To Couple and Not to Couple in One Crystal. Chemistry 2019; 25:14140-14147. [PMID: 31390107 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
One-electron reduction of corannulene, C20 H10 , with Li metal in diglyme resulted in crystallization of [{Li+ (diglyme)2 }4 (C20 H10 .- )2 (C20 H10 -C20 H10 )2- ] (1), as revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. This hybrid product contains two corannulene monoanion-radicals along with a dianionic dimer, crystallized with four Li+ ions wrapped by diglyme molecules. The dimeric (C20 H10 -C20 H10 )2- anion provides the first crystallographically confirmed example of spontaneous radical dimerization for C20 H10 .- . The C-C bond length between the two C20 H10 .- bowls of 1.588(5) Å is consistent with the single σ-bond character of the linker. The trans-disposition of two bowls in the centrosymmetric (C20 H10 -C20 H10 )2- dimer is observed with the torsion angle around the central C-C bond of 180°. Comprehensive theoretical analysis of formation/decomposition processes of the dimeric dianion has been carried out in order to evaluate the nature of bonding and energetics of the C20 H10 .- coupling. It is found that such σ-bonded dimers are thermodynamically unstable due to large preparation energy and repulsive Pauli component of the bonding, but kinetically persistent due to a high energy barrier provided by the existing spin-crossing point.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Yu Rogachev
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Melisa Alkan
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Jingbai Li
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Shuyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Sarah N Spisak
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Marina A Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
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14
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Liu Y, Huang Y, Liu S, Chen D, Tang C, Qiu Z, Zhu J, Tan Y. Bowl Inversion in an Exo‐type Supramolecule in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201904329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu‐Min Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yu‐Qian Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Shun‐He Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Chun Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Zhen‐Lin Qiu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
| | - Yuan‐Zhi Tan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy MaterialsState Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesDepartment of ChemistryCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen University Xiamen 361005 China
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15
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Liu YM, Huang YQ, Liu SH, Chen D, Tang C, Qiu ZL, Zhu J, Tan YZ. Bowl Inversion in an Exo-type Supramolecule in the Solid State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:13276-13279. [PMID: 31325206 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201904329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Bowl inversion is a unique property of buckybowls. The polarity and assembly configuration of buckybowls are reversed after bowl inversion. So far, this unique phenomenon has been studied in solution and on surface, but not in solid state due to spatial constraint. Now a series of exo-type supramolecular assemblies of trithiasumanene and nanographene are investigated. Tuning the electron density of the nanogaphene component was found to directly affect the binding constant of the complex. Reversible bowl inversion in the solid state was then successfully achieved by subjecting the trithiasumanene-nanographene assembly with the weakest binding strength to repeated heating-cooling cycles, which was unambiguously observed by single crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Min Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yu-Qian Huang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Shun-He Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Chun Tang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Qiu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Yuan-Zhi Tan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
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16
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Zhou Z, Wei Z, Tokimaru Y, Ito S, Nozaki K, Petrukhina MA. Stepwise Reduction of Azapentabenzocorannulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry University at Albany State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry University at Albany State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Yuki Tokimaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry University at Albany State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
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17
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Zhou Z, Wei Z, Tokimaru Y, Ito S, Nozaki K, Petrukhina MA. Stepwise Reduction of Azapentabenzocorannulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12107-12111. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry University at Albany State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry University at Albany State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Yuki Tokimaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Shingo Ito
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Kyoko Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry University at Albany State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
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18
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Adams RD, Dhull P, Pennachio M, Petrukhina MA, Smith MD. Multiple C-H Bond Activations in Corannulene by a Dirhenium Complex. Chemistry 2019; 25:4234-4239. [PMID: 30773724 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of Re2 (CO)8 (μ-C6 H5 )(μ-H), 1 with corannulene (C20 H10 ) yielded the product Re2 (CO)8 (μ-H)(μ-η2 -1,2-C20 H9 ), 2 (65 % yield) containing a Re2 metalated corannulene ligand formed by loss of benzene from 1 and the activation of one of the CH bonds of the nonplanar corannulene molecule by an oxidative-addition to 1. The corannulenyl ligand has adopted a bridging η2 -σ+π coordination to the Re2 (CO)8 grouping. Compound 2 reacts with a second equivalent of 1 to yield three isomeric doubly metalated corannulene products: Re2 (CO)8 (μ-H)(μ-η2 -1,2-μ-η2 -10,11-C20 H8 )Re2 (CO)8 (μ-H), 3 (35 % yield), Re2 (CO)8 (μ-H)(μ-η2 -2,1-μ-η2 -10,11-C20 H8 )Re2 (CO)8 (μ-H), 4 (12 % yield), and Re2 (CO)8 (μ-H)(μ-η2 -1,2-μ-η2 -11,10-C20 H8 )Re2 (CO)8 (μ-H), 5 (12 % yield), by a second CH activation on a second rim double bond on the corannulene molecule. The isomers differ by the relative orientations of the coordinated Re2 (CO)8 (μ-H) groupings. All new products were characterized structurally by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Poonam Dhull
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
| | - Matthew Pennachio
- Department of Chemistry, University of Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Marina A Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University of Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Mark D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA
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19
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Spisak SN, Bühringer MU, Wei Z, Zhou Z, Tykwinski RR, Petrukhina MA. Structural and Electronic Effects of Stepwise Reduction of a Tetraaryl[3]Cumulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry; University at Albany; State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Martina U. Bühringer
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry; University at Albany; State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry; University at Albany; State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Rik R. Tykwinski
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10 91058 Erlangen Germany
- Department of Chemistry; University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry; University at Albany; State University of New York Albany NY 12222 USA
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20
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Spisak SN, Bühringer MU, Wei Z, Zhou Z, Tykwinski RR, Petrukhina MA. Structural and Electronic Effects of Stepwise Reduction of a Tetraaryl[3]Cumulene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:2023-2028. [PMID: 30560557 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The chemical reduction of a [3]cumulene ([3]TrTol) has been explored using alkali metals. Mono- and doubly reduced forms of [3]TrTol were isolated as solvent-separated ion pairs with {Na(18-crown-6)THF2 }+ and {K(18-crown-6)THF2 }+ counterions and crystallographically characterized. This allowed analysis of structural parameters of the "naked" anions of [3]TrTol without interference from metal binding. The dianion of [3]TrTol was also isolated as a contact-ion complex with {Cs(18-crown-6)}+ cations, thereby adding the effect of metal coordination to the core. Structural comparisons of anions to the neutral molecule, [3]TrTol, outline monotonic increases in bond-length alternation (BLA) upon stepwise reduction. The greatest BLA value is found for the contact-ion complex, which shows an alternating sequence of short and long carbon-carbon bonds, consistent with the structure of an alkyne. In contrast to studies on tetraphenyl[3]cumulene, the cumulenic framework of [3]TrTol remains planar in all the derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Spisak
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Martina U Bühringer
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Rik R Tykwinski
- Department für Chemie und Pharmazie & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Strasse 10, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Marina A Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
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21
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Rogachev AY, Liu S, Xu Q, Li J, Zhou Z, Spisak SN, Wei Z, Petrukhina MA. Placing Metal in the Bowl: Does Rim Alkylation Matter? Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Yu. Rogachev
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Shuyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Jingbai Li
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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22
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Petrukhina MA. From corannulene to larger carbon bowls: are they better for multiple metal encapsulation? Dalton Trans 2019; 48:5125-5130. [PMID: 30838355 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00424f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The effects of size, charge and symmetry of carbon π-bowls on their supramolecular assembly and metal ion intercalation trends are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
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23
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Liu S, Rogachev AY. Comprehensive Theoretical Study of Interactions between Ag + and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Chemphyschem 2018; 19:2579-2588. [PMID: 29920888 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201800297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The first comprehensive and systematic theoretical exploration of the bonding nature and energetics of the interactions between Ag(I) cation and a wide set of π-ligands was accomplished. This set ranges from simple ethylene and aromatic benzene to planar and curved polyaromatic molecules and to closed-cage C60 -fullerene. Simultaneous application of two energy decomposition schemes based on different ideas, namely, NBO-NEDA and EDA-NOCV, allowed shedding light on the nature of the bonding and its energetics. Importantly, our results unambiguously indicate that reliable results can be obtained only if using more than one theoretical approach. All methods clearly revealed the importance and even domination of the ionic contribution of the bonding in all adducts, except for those of C60 -fullerene, in which the covalent component was found to be the largest. Subsequent decomposition of the orbital term onto components showed that it consists of two major parts: (i) ligand-to-metal (π(C=C)→s(Ag), L→M) and (ii) metal-to-ligand (M→L) terms, with significant domination of the former. Interestingly, while the L→M component is essentially the same for all systems considered, the nature of the M→L one depends on the coordination site of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). In most of adducts, the M→L can be described as dxy (Ag)→π* (C=C) donation, whereas for systems [Ag-spoke-C12 H8 ]+ and [Ag-spoke-C20 H10 ]+ it corresponds to the dz 2 (Ag)→π* (C=C) type of interaction. As a result, the coordination mode in such complexes is switched from η2 -type to η1 . Thus, the nature of the bonding, its energetics and even coordination mode in adducts of unsaturated hydrocarbons with late transition metal cations should be considered as a function of many components, which primarily includes the topology and aromaticity of the (poly)aromatic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
| | - Andrey Yu Rogachev
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616, USA
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24
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Zabula AV, Spisak SN, Filatov AS, Rogachev AY, Petrukhina MA. Record Alkali Metal Intercalation by Highly Charged Corannulene. Acc Chem Res 2018; 51:1541-1549. [PMID: 29874040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The need for advanced energy storage technologies demands the development of new functional materials. Novel carbon-rich and carbon-based materials of different structural topologies attract significant attention in this regard. Attractive systems include a unique class of bowl-shaped polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that map onto fullerene surfaces and are thus often referred to as fullerene fragments, buckybowls, or π-bowls. Importantly, carbon bowls are able to acquire multiple electrons in stepwise reduction reactions producing sets of successively reduced carbanions. The resulting negatively charged π-bowls exhibit unique supramolecular assembly and metal intercalation patterns that only recently have begun to be uncovered. First, we have resolved the long-standing mystery behind the supramolecular structure formed by a highly reduced fullerene fragment called corannulene (C20H104-) with multiple lithium ions, using X-ray crystallography coupled with NMR spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. This work provided a new paradigm for lithium ion intercalation between the curved carbon π-surfaces and facilitated understanding of the lithium ion storage mechanism in carbonaceous matrices. Next, we have initiated a new research direction, an investigation of the mixed alkali metal reduction reactions using bowl-shaped corannulene as a remarkable multielectron reservoir and unique ligand with open convex and concave π-surfaces. As a result, we have revealed the cooperative effect of lithium with heavier Group 1 metals in reduction and self-assembly processes of corannulene. Moreover, we have discovered a new class of organometallic supramolecules having heterometallic cores with high nuclearity and charge such as Li3M36+ and LiM56+ (M = K, Rb, and Cs) sandwiched between two tetrareduced corannulene decks. The resulting triple-decker supramolecular assemblies, fully characterized by X-ray diffraction and spectroscopic methods, were found to exhibit a record ability of the highly charged corannulene π-surfaces to be fully engaged in intercalation of multiple metal ions. Based on this unique ability, curved π-ligands with extended carbon frameworks are expected to show remarkable potential for alkali metal storage compared to flat polycyclic arenes. Notably, a previously unseen mode of internal lithium binding revealed in the heterobimetallic sandwiches is accompanied by unprecedented negative shifts (up to -25 ppm) in 7Li NMR spectra. Based on in-depth analysis of NMR data, augmented by DFT calculations, we have rationalized the observed experimental trends and proposed the mechanism of stepwise alkali metal substitution reactions. Furthermore, we have correlated the origin of the record 7Li NMR shifts with unique electronic structures of these novel supramolecular aggregates. Herein we present comprehensive analysis of unusual structural and electronic features of remarkable heterometallic self-assemblies formed by tetrareduced corannulene, using a wealth of our recent experimental and computational results. This work uncovers unique potential of highly negatively charged bowl-shaped π-ligands for new supramolecular chemistry and materials chemistry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Zabula
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Alexander S. Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Andrey Yu. Rogachev
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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25
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Zhou Z, Spisak SN, Xu Q, Rogachev AY, Wei Z, Marcaccio M, Petrukhina MA. Fusing a Planar Group to a π-Bowl: Electronic and Molecular Structure, Aromaticity and Solid-State Packing of Naphthocorannulene and its Anions. Chemistry 2018; 24:3455-3463. [PMID: 29328530 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular and electronic structure, reduction electron transfer and coordination abilities of a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) having a planar naphtho-group fused to the corannulene bowl have been investigated for the first time using a combination of theoretical and experimental tools. A direct comparison of naphtho[2,3-a]corannulene (C28 H14 , 1) with parent corannulene (C20 H10 , 2) revealed the effect of framework topology change on electronic properties and aromaticity of 1. The presence of two reduction steps for 1 was predicted theoretically and confirmed experimentally. Two reversible one-electron reduction processes with the formal reduction potentials at -2.30 and -2.77 V versus Fc+/0 were detected by cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements, demonstrating accessibility of the corresponding mono- and dianionic states of 1. The products of the singly and doubly reduced napththocorannulene were prepared using chemical reduction with Group 1 metals and isolated as sodium and rubidium salts. Their X-ray diffraction study revealed the formation of "naked" mono- and dianions crystallized as solvent-separated ion products with one or two sodium cations as [Na+ (18-crown-6)(THF)2 ][C28 H14- ] and [Na+ (18-crown-6)(THF)2 ]2 [C28 H142- ] (3⋅THF and 4⋅THF, respectively). The dianion of 1 was also isolated as a contact-ion complex with two rubidium countercations, [{Rb+ (18-crown-6)}2 (C28 H142- )] (5⋅THF). The structural consequences of adding one and two electrons to the carbon framework of 1 are compared for 3, 4 and 5. Changes in aromaticity and charge distribution stemming from the stepwise electron acquisition are discussed based on DFT computational study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Sarah N Spisak
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Andrey Yu Rogachev
- Department of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, 60616, USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Massimo Marcaccio
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina A Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
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26
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Spisak SN, Wei Z, Darzi E, Jasti R, Petrukhina MA. Highly strained [6]cycloparaphenylene: crystallization of an unsolvated polymorph and the first mono- and dianions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:7818-7821. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc03693d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first crystallographic characterization of [6]cycloparaphenylene in the solvent-free environment and upon chemical reduction reveals unique solid-state structures of neutral and negatively charged [6]CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
| | - Evan Darzi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Oregon
- Eugene
- USA
| | - Ramesh Jasti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- University of Oregon
- Eugene
- USA
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
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27
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Spisak SN, Li J, Rogachev AY, Wei Z, Amaya T, Hirao T, Petrukhina MA. Crown Ether Assisted Convex Cesium Binding to a Sumanenyl Bowl. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Spisak
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Jingbai Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Andrey Yu. Rogachev
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Toru Amaya
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Toshikazu Hirao
- The
Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, Mihoga-oka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department
of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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28
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Rogachev AY, Li J, Petrukhina MA. Exploring energetics of dirhodium paddlewheel complexes with π-ligands of different topologies. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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30
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Karslyan EE, Borissova AO, Perekalin DS. Ligand Design for Site-Selective Metal Coordination: Synthesis of Transition-Metal Complexes with η 6 -Coordination of the Central Ring of Anthracene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:5584-5587. [PMID: 28387443 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201700685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A polycyclic aromatic ligand for site-selective metal coordination was designed by using DFT calculations. The computational prediction was confirmed by experiments: 2,3,6,7-tetramethoxy-9,10-dimethylanthracene initially reacts with [(C5 H5 )Ru(MeCN)3 ]BF4 to give the kinetic product with a [(C5 H5 )Ru]+ fragment coordinated at the terminal ring, which is then transformed into the thermodynamic product with coordination through the central ring. These isomeric complexes have markedly different UV/Vis spectra, which was explained by analysis of the frontier orbitals. At the same time, the calculations suggest that electrostatic interactions are mainly responsible for the site selectivity of the coordination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard E Karslyan
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandra O Borissova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry S Perekalin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilova str., 119991, Moscow, Russia
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31
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Karslyan EE, Borissova AO, Perekalin DS. Ligand Design for Site-Selective Metal Coordination: Synthesis of Transition-Metal Complexes with η6
-Coordination of the Central Ring of Anthracene. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201700685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard E. Karslyan
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 28 Vavilova str. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Alexandra O. Borissova
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 28 Vavilova str. 119991 Moscow Russia
| | - Dmitry S. Perekalin
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds; Russian Academy of Sciences; 28 Vavilova str. 119991 Moscow Russia
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32
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Spisak SN, Wei Z, Rogachev AY, Amaya T, Hirao T, Petrukhina MA. Double Concave Cesium Encapsulation by Two Charged Sumanenyl Bowls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:2582-2587. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry; University at Albany, State University of New York; 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry; University at Albany, State University of New York; 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Andrey Yu. Rogachev
- Department of Chemistry; Illinois Institute of Technology; Chicago IL 60616 USA
| | - Toru Amaya
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka University; Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Toshikazu Hirao
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka University; Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research; Osaka University; Mihoga-oka, Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry; University at Albany, State University of New York; 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
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Spisak SN, Wei Z, Rogachev AY, Amaya T, Hirao T, Petrukhina MA. Double Concave Cesium Encapsulation by Two Charged Sumanenyl Bowls. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry; University at Albany, State University of New York; 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry; University at Albany, State University of New York; 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
| | - Andrey Yu. Rogachev
- Department of Chemistry; Illinois Institute of Technology; Chicago IL 60616 USA
| | - Toru Amaya
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka University; Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Toshikazu Hirao
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Graduate School of Engineering; Osaka University; Yamada-oka, Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research; Osaka University; Mihoga-oka, Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry; University at Albany, State University of New York; 1400 Washington Avenue Albany NY 12222 USA
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Spisak SN, Wei Z, Petrukhina MA. Mixing Li and Cs in the reduction of corannulene for the assembly of a cesium-capped sandwich with a hexanuclear heterometallic core. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:5625-5630. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04521a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
In the first Li/Cs organometallic self-assembly, the tetrareduced corannulene decks are angled up to keep the highly-charged (Li3Cs3)6+ unit in between, with two external Cs+ ions capping the sandwich from outside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany
- USA
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35
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Spisak SN, Li J, Rogachev AY, Wei Z, Papaianina O, Amsharov K, Rybalchenko AV, Goryunkov AA, Petrukhina MA. From Corannulene to Indacenopicene: Effect of Carbon Framework Topology on Aromaticity and Reduction Limits. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Jingbai Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Andrey Yu. Rogachev
- Department
of Chemistry, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, United States
| | - Zheng Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Olena Papaianina
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestr 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Amsharov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry II, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Henkestr 42, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alexey V. Rybalchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Goryunkov
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1-3, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York 12222, United States
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36
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Li X, Kang F, Inagaki M. Buckybowls: Corannulene and Its Derivatives. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:3206-3223. [PMID: 27136669 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Corannulene, a kind of bowl like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), whose molecule is composed of a central pentagon and five closely adjacent hexagons on the pentagon's five sides, has received great scientific interest among research groups. In this review, the syntheses, characteristic molecule structure and properties of corannulene are clarified, as well as its derivatives with different substituted groups, fused derivatives, metal complex, and derivatives for host guest chemistry. On the basis of reviewing the applications and properties of corannulene together with its derivatives, the potential applications in hydrogen storage and lithium storage were highlighted and prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Li
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
- Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Michio Inagaki
- Professor Emeritus, Hokkaido University, 228-7399 Nakagawa, Hosoe-cho, Kita-ku, Hamamatsu, 431-1304, Japan
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37
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Chen H, Wang WY, Wang L, Zhu CL, Fang XY, Qiu YQ. Ion-π interaction in impacting the nonlinear optical properties of ion-buckybowl complexes. J Mol Graph Model 2016; 64:139-146. [PMID: 26851864 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2016.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Ion-buckybowl complexes have received considerable attention in modern chemical research due to its fundamental and practical importance. Herein, we performed density functional theory (DFT) to calculate the geometical structure, binding interactions, dipole moments and the first hyperpolarizabilities (βtot) of ion-buckybowl complexes (ions are Cl(-) and Na(+), buckybowls are quadrannulene, corannulene and sumanene). It is found that the stabilities of ion-buckybowl compounds primarily originate from the interaction energy, which was proved by a new isomerization energy decomposition analysis approach. Plots of reduced density gradient mirror the ion-π weak interaction has been formed between the ions and buckybowls. Significantly, the buckybowl subunits cannot effectively impact the nonlinear optical (NLO), but the kind of ion has marked influence on the second-order NLO responses. The βtot values of Cl(-)-buckybowl complexes are all larger as compared to that of Na(+)-buckybowl complexes, which is attributed to the large charge-transfer (CT) from Cl(-) to buckybowl. Our present work will be beneficial for further theoretical and experimental studies on the NLO properties of ion-buckybowl compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Chen
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yong Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Li Zhu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yan Fang
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Qing Qiu
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin 130024, People's Republic of China.
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38
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Karunathilake AAK, Thompson CM, Perananthan S, Ferraris JP, Smaldone RA. Electrochemically active porous organic polymers based on corannulene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:12881-12884. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc07421a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, porous organic polymers (POPs) based on the smallest buckybowl, corannulene (BB-POPs) have been synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John P. Ferraris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- The University of Texas
- Texas
- USA
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39
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Dubceac C, Filatov AS, Zabula AV, Rogachev AY, Petrukhina MA. Functionalized corannulene carbocations: a structural overview. Chemistry 2015. [PMID: 26224357 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A detailed structural overview of a family of bowl-shaped polycyclic aromatic carbocations of the type [C20 H10 R](+) with different R functionalities tethered to the interior surface of corannulene (C20 H10 ) is provided. Changing the identity of the surface-bound groups through alkyl chains spanning from one to four carbon atoms and incorporating a different degree of halogenation has led to the fine tuning of the bowl structures and properties. The deformation of the corannulene core upon functionalization has been revealed based on X-ray crystallographic analysis and compared for the series of cations with R=CH3 , CH2 Cl, CHCl2 , CCl3 , CH2 CH3 , CH2 CH2 Cl, and CH2 CH2 Br. The resulting carbocations have been isolated with several metal-based counterions, varying in size and coordinating abilities ([AlCl4 ](-) , [AlBr4 ](-) , [(SnCl)(GaCl4 )2 ](-) , and [Al(OC(CF3 )3 )4 ](-) ). A variety of aggregation patterns in the solid state has been revealed based on different intermolecular interactions ranging from cation-anion to π-π stacking and to halogen⋅⋅⋅π interactions. For the [C20 H10 CH2 Cl](+) ion crystallized with several different counterions, the conformation of the R group attached to the central five-membered ring of corannulene moiety was found to depend on the solid-state environment defined by the identity of anions. Solution NMR and UV/Vis investigations have been used to complement the X-ray diffraction studies for this series of corannulene-based cations and to demonstrate their different association patterns with the solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Dubceac
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222 (USA), Fax: (+1) 518-442-3462
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222 (USA), Fax: (+1) 518-442-3462
| | - Alexander V Zabula
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 (USA)
| | - Andrey Yu Rogachev
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 (USA)
| | - Marina A Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222 (USA), Fax: (+1) 518-442-3462.
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Filatov AS, Spisak SN, Zabula AV, McNeely J, Rogachev AY, Petrukhina MA. Self-assembly of tetrareduced corannulene with mixed Li-Rb clusters: dynamic transformations, unique structures and record 7Li NMR shifts. Chem Sci 2015; 6:1959-1966. [PMID: 28717455 PMCID: PMC5496504 DOI: 10.1039/c4sc03485f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly processes of the highly reduced bowl-shaped corannulene generated by the chemical reduction with a binary combination of alkali metals, namely Li-Rb, have been investigated by variable-temperature 1H and 7Li NMR spectroscopy. The formation of several unique mixed metal sandwich products based on tetrareduced corannulene, C20H104- (14-), has been revealed followed by investigation of their dynamic transformations in solutions. Analysis of NMR data allowed to propose the mechanism of stepwise alkali metal substitution as well as to identify experimental conditions for the isolation of intermediate and final supramolecular products. As a result, two new triple-decker aggregates with a mixed Li-Rb core, [{Rb(THF)2}2]//[Li3Rb2(C20H10)2{Li+(THF)}] (2) and [{Rb(diglyme)}2]//[Li3Rb3(C20H10)2(diglyme)2]·0.5THF (3·0.5THF), have been crystallized and structurally characterized. The Li3Rb2-product has an open coordination site at the sandwich periphery and thus is considered transient on the way to the Li3Rb3-sandwich having the maximized intercalated alkali metal content. Next, the formation of the LiRb5 self-assembly with 14- has been identified by 7Li NMR as the final step in a series of dynamic transformations in this system. This product was also isolated and crystallographically characterized to confirm the LiRb5 core. Notably, all sandwiches have their central cavities, located in between the hub-sites of two C20H104- decks, occupied by an internal Li+ ion which exhibits the record high negative shift (ranging from -21 to -25 ppm) in 7Li NMR spectra. The isolation of three novel aggregates having different Li-Rb core compositions allowed us to look into the origin of the unusual 7Li NMR shifts at the molecular level. The discussion of formation mechanisms, dynamic transformations as well as unique electronic structures of these remarkable mixed alkali metal organometallic self-assemblies is provided and supported by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany , State University of New York , Albany , NY 12222 , USA .
| | - Sarah N Spisak
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany , State University of New York , Albany , NY 12222 , USA .
| | - Alexander V Zabula
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin , Madison , WI 53706 , USA
| | - James McNeely
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences , Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago , IL 60616 , USA
| | - Andrey Yu Rogachev
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences , Illinois Institute of Technology , Chicago , IL 60616 , USA
| | - Marina A Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry , University at Albany , State University of New York , Albany , NY 12222 , USA .
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42
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Karaush NN, Baryshnikov GV, Minaeva VA, Minaev BF. A DFT and QTAIM study of the novel d-block metal complexes with tetraoxa[8]circulene-based ligands. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01255d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The transition metal complexes with the tetraoxa[8]circulene-based ligand are designed. The complexation process strictly depends on matching of the d-metal cation size to the size of the tetraoxa[8]circulene formed cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Boris F. Minaev
- Bohdan Khmelnytsky National University
- Cherkasy
- Ukraine
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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43
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Dolinar BS, Berry JF. Electronic tuning of Mo2(thioamidate)4 complexes through π-system substituents and cis/trans isomerism. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:6165-76. [PMID: 24590395 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00297k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report an exploration of the coordination chemistry of a systematic series of cyclic thioamidate ligands with the quadruply-bonded Mo2(4+) core. In addition to the S and N donor atoms that bind to Mo, the ligands utilized in this study have an additional O or S atom in conjugation with the thioamidate π system. The preparation of four new Mo2 complexes is described, and these compounds are characterized by X-ray crystallography, NMR and UV-vis spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and DFT calculations. These complexes provide a means to interrogate the electronics of Mo2(thioamidate)4 systems. Notably, we describe the first two examples of Mo2(thioamidate)4 complexes in their cis-2,2-regioisomer. By varying the π-system substituent and regioisomerism of these compounds, the electronics of the dimolybdenum core is shown to be altered with varying degrees of effect. Cyclic voltammetry results show that changing the π-system substituent from O to S results in an increase in the Mo2(4+/5+) oxidation potential by 170 mV. Changing the arrangement of ligands around the dimolybdenum core from trans-2,2 to cis-2,2 slightly weakens the metal-ligand bonds, raising the oxidation potential by a more modest 30-100 mV. MO diagrams of each compound derived from DFT calculations support these conclusions as well; the identity of the π-system substituent alters the δ-δ* (HOMO-LUMO) gap by up to 0.4 eV, whereas regioisomerism yields smaller changes in the electronic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Dolinar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53704, USA.
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44
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Karton A. Inversion and rotation processes involving non-planar aromatic compounds catalyzed by extended polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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Jaafar R, Pignedoli CA, Bussi G, Aït-Mansour K, Groening O, Amaya T, Hirao T, Fasel R, Ruffieux P. Bowl inversion of surface-adsorbed sumanene. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:13666-71. [PMID: 25181621 DOI: 10.1021/ja504126z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bowl-shaped π-conjugated compounds offer the possibility to study curvature-dependent host-guest interactions and chemical reactivity in ideal model systems. For surface-adsorbed π bowls, however, only conformations with the bowl opening pointing away from the surface have been observed so far. Here we show for sumanene on Ag(111) that both bowl-up and bowl-down conformations can be stabilized. Analysis of the molecular layer as a function of coverage reveals an unprecedented structural phase transition involving a bowl inversion of one-third of the molecules. On the basis of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and complementary atomistic simulations, we develop a model that describes the observed phase transition in terms of a subtle interplay between inversion-dependent adsorption energies and intermolecular interactions. In addition, we explore the coexisting bowl-up and -down conformations with respect to host-guest binding of methane. STM reveals a clear energetic preference for methane binding to the concave face of sumanene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rached Jaafar
- nanotech@surfaces Laboratory, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 129, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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46
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Yamada M, Ohkubo K, Shionoya M, Fukuzumi S. Photoinduced Electron Transfer in a Charge-Transfer Complex Formed between Corannulene and Li+@C60 by Concave–Convex π–π Interactions. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:13240-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ja505391x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mihoko Yamada
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, Japan Science and Technology (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, Japan Science and Technology (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Shionoya
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA, Japan Science and Technology (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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47
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Campo-Cacharrón A, Cabaleiro-Lago EM, González-Veloso I, Rodríguez-Otero J. Interaction of Anions with Substituted Buckybowls. The Anion’s Nature and Solvent Effects. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:6112-24. [DOI: 10.1021/jp5058463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Campo-Cacharrón
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo. Avda. Alfonso X
El Sabio s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Enrique M. Cabaleiro-Lago
- Departamento
de Química Física, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo. Avda. Alfonso X
El Sabio s/n, 27002 Lugo, Spain
| | - Iván González-Veloso
- Departamento
de Química Física, Centro de investigación en
Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares, CIQUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Otero
- Departamento
de Química Física, Centro de investigación en
Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares, CIQUS, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
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48
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Wang WY, Ma NN, Sun SL, Qiu YQ. Impact of Redox Stimuli on Ferrocene–Buckybowl Complexes: Switchable Optoelectronic and Nonlinear Optical Properties. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500224g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yong Wang
- Institute of Functional Material
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na-Na Ma
- Institute of Functional Material
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Ling Sun
- Institute of Functional Material
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong-Qing Qiu
- Institute of Functional Material
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, Jilin, People’s Republic of China
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49
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Campo-Cacharrón A, Cabaleiro-Lago EM, Rodríguez-Otero J. Interaction between ions and substituted buckybowls: A comprehensive computational study. J Comput Chem 2014; 35:1533-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Campo-Cacharrón
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultade de Ciencias; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo; Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n 27002 Lugo Galicia Spain
| | - Enrique M. Cabaleiro-Lago
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultade de Ciencias; Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus de Lugo; Avda. Alfonso X El Sabio s/n 27002 Lugo Galicia Spain
| | - Jesús Rodríguez-Otero
- Departamento de Química Física, Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS); Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Rúa Jenaro de la Fuente, s/n; Santiago de Compostela 15782 Spain
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50
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Zabula AV, Sevryugina YV, Spisak SN, Kobryn L, Sygula R, Sygula A, Petrukhina MA. An unsolvated buckycatcher and its first dianion. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2657-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc49451a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The X-ray crystallographic study of buckycatcher C60H28 revealed a unique solid-state packing of its neutral form and the significant geometry changes upon charging to the dianion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Zabula
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany, USA
- Department of Chemistry
| | | | - Sarah N. Spisak
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany, USA
| | - Lesya Kobryn
- Department of Chemistry
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State, USA
| | - Renata Sygula
- Department of Chemistry
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State, USA
| | - Andrzej Sygula
- Department of Chemistry
- Mississippi State University
- Mississippi State, USA
| | - Marina A. Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry
- University at Albany
- State University of New York
- Albany, USA
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