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Navarro M, Sobrino S, Fernández I, Lara-Sánchez A, Garcés A, Sánchez-Barba LF. Exploring enantiopure zinc-scorpionates as catalysts for the preparation of polylactides, cyclic carbonates, and polycarbonates. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:13933-13949. [PMID: 39099454 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01526f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
New and simple ligand design strategies for the preparation of versatile metal-based catalysts capable of operating under greener and eco-friendly conditions in several industrially attractive processes are in high demand for society development. We present the first nucleophilic addition of an organolithium to ketenimines which incorporates a stereogenic centre in an N-donor atom to prepare new enantiopure NNN-donor scorpionates. We have also verified its potential utility as a valuable scaffold for chirality induction through the preparation of inexpensive, non-toxic and asymmetric zinc complexes. The pro-ligands and the corresponding zinc-based complexes have been characterized by X-ray diffraction studies. DFT studies were carried out to rationalize the different complexation abilities of these pro-ligands. These complexes have proved to act as highly efficient catalysts for a variety of sustainable bioresourced processes that are industrially attractive, with a wide substrate scope. Thus, complex 7 behaves as a highly efficient initiator for the well-behaved living ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of rac-lactide under very mild conditions. The PLA materials produced exhibited enhanced levels of isoselectivity, comparable to the highest value reported so far for zinc-based catalysts (Pi = 0.88). In addition, the combination of 7 with onium halide salts functioned as a very active and selective catalyst for CO2 fixation into five-membered cyclic carbonates through the cycloaddition of CO2 into epoxides under very mild and solvent-free conditions, reaching very good to excellent conversions (TOF = 227 h-1). Furthermore, this bicomponent system exhibits a broad substrate scope and functional group tolerance, including mono- and di-substituted epoxides, as well as the very challenging bio-renewable tri-substituted terpene-derived cis/trans-limonene oxide, whose reaction proceeds with high stereoselectivity. Finally, complex 7 also achieved high activity and selectivity as a one-component initiator for the synthesis of poly(cyclohexene carbonate)s via ring-opening copolymerization (ROCOP) of cyclohexene oxide and CO2 under very soft conditions, affording materials with narrow dispersity values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Navarro
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Campus Universitario, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Móstoles-28933-Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sonia Sobrino
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Campus Universitario, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Campus Universitario, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Andrés Garcés
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Móstoles-28933-Madrid, Spain.
| | - Luis F Sánchez-Barba
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Móstoles-28933-Madrid, Spain.
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2
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Cruz TFC, Loupy V, Veiros LF. Zinc-Catalyzed Hydroboration of Carbon Dioxide Amplified by Borane-Tethered Heteroscorpionate Bis(Pyrazolyl)methane Ligands. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:8244-8256. [PMID: 38656156 PMCID: PMC11080050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The borane-functionalized (BR2) bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)methane (LH) ligands 1a (BR2: 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane or 9-BBN), 1b (BR2: BCy2), and 1c (BR2: B(C6F5)2) were synthesized by the allylation-hydroboration of LH. Metalation of 1a,b with ZnCl2 yielded the heteroscorpionate dichloride complexes [(1a,b)ZnCl2] 3a,b. The reaction of 1a with ZnEt2 led to the formation of the zwitterionic complex [Et(1a)ZnEt(THF)] 5. The reaction of complex 3a with two equivalents of KHBEt3 under a carbon dioxide (CO2) atmosphere gave rise to the formation of the dimeric bis(formate) complex [(1a)Zn(OCHO)2]2 8, in which its borane moieties intermolecularly stabilize the formate ligands of opposite metal centers. The allylated precursor Lallyl and its zinc dichloride, diethyl and bis(formate) complexes [(Lallyl)ZnCl2] 2, [(Lallyl)ZnEt2] 4, and [(Lallyl)Zn(OCHO)2] 7 were also isolated. The catalyst systems composed of 1 mol % of 3a or 3b and two equivalents of KHBEt3 hydroborated CO2 at 1 bar with pinacolborane (HBPin) to the methanol-level product H3COBPin (and PinBOBPin) in yields of 42 or 86%, respectively. The catalyst systems using the unfunctionalized complex [(LH)ZnCl2] 6 and KHBEt3 or KHBEt3/nOctBR2 (BR2: 9-BBN or BCy2) hydroborated CO2 to H3COBPin but in 2.5- to 6-fold lower activities than those exhibited by 3a,b/KHBEt3. The hydroboration of CO2 using 8 as a catalyst led to yields of 39-43%, comparable to those obtained with 3a/KHBEt3. The results confirmed that the catalytic intermediates benefit from the incorporated boranes' intra- or intermolecular stabilizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F. C. Cruz
- Centro de Química
Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia
Química, Instituto Superior Técnico,
Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049 001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Valentin Loupy
- Centro de Química
Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia
Química, Instituto Superior Técnico,
Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049 001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luís F. Veiros
- Centro de Química
Estrutural, Institute of Molecular Sciences, Departamento de Engenharia
Química, Instituto Superior Técnico,
Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049 001 Lisboa, Portugal
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3
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Domínguez-Jurado E, Ripoll C, Lara-Sánchez A, Ocaña A, Vitórica-Yrezábal IJ, Bravo I, Alonso-Moreno C. Evaluation of heteroscorpionate ligands as scaffolds for the generation of Ruthenium(II) metallodrugs in breast cancer therapy. J Inorg Biochem 2024; 253:112486. [PMID: 38266323 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2024.112486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The modular synthesis of the heteroscorpionate core is explored as a tool for the rapid development of ruthenium-based therapeutic agents. Starting with a series of structurally diverse alcohol-NN ligands, a family of heteroscorpionate-based ruthenium derivatives was synthesized, characterized, and evaluated as an alternative to platinum therapy for breast cancer therapy. In vitro, the antitumoral activity of the novel derivatives was assessed in a series of breast cancer cell lines using UNICAM-1 and cisplatin as metallodrug control. Through this approach, a bimetallic heteroscorpionate-based metallodrug (RUSCO-2) was identified as the lead compound of the series with an IC50 value range as low as 3-5 μM. Notably, RUSCO-2 was found to be highly cytotoxic in TNBC cell lines, suggesting a mode of action independent of the receptor status of the cells. As a proof of concept and taking advantage of the luminescent properties of one of the complexes obtained, uptake was monitored in human breast cancer MCF7 cell lines by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) to reveal that the compound is evenly distributed in the cytoplasm and that the incorporation of the heteroscorpionate ligand protects it from aqueous processes, conversion in another entity, or the loss of the chloride group. Finally, ROS studies were conducted, lipophilicity was estimated, the chloride/water exchange was studied, and stability studies in simulated biological media were carried out to propose structure-activity relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Domínguez-Jurado
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad nanoDrug, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Ciudad Real 13071, Spain
| | - Consuelo Ripoll
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad nanoDrug, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física. Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Albacete 02071, Spain
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Ciudad Real 13071, Spain
| | - Alberto Ocaña
- Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Hospital clínico San Carlos, IdISSC and CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Iñigo J Vitórica-Yrezábal
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, Avda de Fuentenueva. s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Iván Bravo
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad nanoDrug, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Física. Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, Albacete 02071, Spain
| | - Carlos Alonso-Moreno
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Unidad nanoDrug, Facultad de Farmacia de Albacete, 02008 Albacete, Spain; Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Ciudad Real 13071, Spain.
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4
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Pellei M, Santini C, Bagnarelli L, Caviglia M, Sgarbossa P, De Franco M, Zancato M, Marzano C, Gandin V. Novel Silver Complexes Based on Phosphanes and Ester Derivatives of Bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetate Ligands Targeting TrxR: New Promising Chemotherapeutic Tools Relevant to SCLC Management. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044091. [PMID: 36835512 PMCID: PMC9960633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid (HC(pz)2COOH) and bis(3,5-dimethyl-pyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid (HC(pzMe2)2COOH) were converted into the methyl ester derivatives 1 (LOMe) and 2 (L2OMe), respectively, and were used for the preparation of silver(I) complexes 3-5. The Ag(I) complexes were prepared by the reaction of AgNO3 and 1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane (PTA) or triphenylphosphine (PPh3) with LOMe and L2OMe in methanol solution. All Ag(I) complexes showed a significant in vitro antitumor activity, proving to be more effective than the reference drug cisplatin in the in-house human cancer cell line panel containing examples of different solid tumors. Compounds were particularly effective against the highly aggressive and intrinsically resistant human small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) cells, either in 2D and 3D cancer cell models. Mechanistic studies revealed their ability to accumulate into cancer cells and to selectively target Thioredoxin (TrxR), thus leading to redox homeostasis unbalance and ultimately inducing cancer cell death through apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Pellei
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Carlo Santini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Luca Bagnarelli
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Miriam Caviglia
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Paolo Sgarbossa
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Michele De Franco
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Mirella Zancato
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Marzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.S.); (C.M.)
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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5
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Pellei M, Bagnarelli L, Gabrielli S, Lupidi G, Cimarelli C, Stella F, Dolmella A, Santini C. Copper(II) complexes based on isopropyl ester derivatives of bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetate ligands with catalytic potency in organic macro(molecules) synthesis. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2022]
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6
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Martins LM. Catalytic applications of recent metal poly(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-methane scorpionates. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2022.121069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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7
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Titi A, Touzani R, Moliterni A, Giacobbe C, Baldassarre F, Taleb M, Al-Zaqri N, Zarrouk A, Warad I. Ultrasonic Clusterization Process to Prepare [(NNCO) 6Co 4Cl 2] as a Novel Double-Open-Co 4O 6 Cubane Cluster: SXRD Interactions, DFT, Physicochemical, Thermal Behaviors, and Biomimicking of Catecholase Activity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:32949-32958. [PMID: 36157745 PMCID: PMC9494679 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c07032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A novel double-open-cubane (NNCO)6Co4Cl2 cluster with a Co4O6 core was made available under aqua-ultrasonic open atmosphere conditions for the first time. The ultrasonic clusterization of the (3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)methanol (NNCOH) ligand with CoCl2·6H2O salts in ethanol yielded a high-purity and high-yield cluster product. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and ultraviolet (UV)-visible techniques were used to elucidate the clusterization process. The double-open-Co4O6 cubane structure of the (NNCO)6Co4Cl2 cluster was solved by synchrotron single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and supported by density functional theory (DFT) optimization and thermogravimetric/differential TG (TG/DTG) measurements; moreover, the DFT structural parameters correlated with the ones determined by SXRD. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), Mulliken atomic charge/natural population analysis (MAC/NPA), highest occupied molecular orbital/lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO/LUMO), density of states (DOS), and GRD quantum analyses were computed at the DFT/B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) theory level. The thermal behavior of the cluster was characterized to support the formation of the Co4O6 core as a stable final product. The catalytic property of the (NNCO)6Co4Cl2 cluster was predestined for the oxidation process of 3,5-DTBC diol (3,5-di-tert-butylbenzene-1,2-diol) to 3,5-DTBQ dione (3,5-di-tert-butylcyclohexa-3,5-diene-1,2-dione).
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Titi
- Laboratory
of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Mohammed First University, Oujda60000, Morocco
| | - Rachid Touzani
- Laboratory
of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, Mohammed First University, Oujda60000, Morocco
| | - Anna Moliterni
- Institute
of Crystallography, CNR, Via Amendola, 122/O, Bari70126, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giacobbe
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue Des Martyrs, Grenoble38040, France
| | | | - Mustapha Taleb
- Laboratory
of Engineering, Organometallic, Molecular and Environment (LIMOME),
Faculty of Science, Université Sidi
Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez30000, Morocco
| | - Nabil Al-Zaqri
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelkader Zarrouk
- Laboratory
of Materials, Nanotechnology, and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, P.O. Box 1014, Agdal-Rabat11000, Morocco
| | - Ismail Warad
- Department
of Chemistry, AN-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus P400, Palestine
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8
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Structural Characterization of Zinc and Cadmium Complexes Derived from N-(4-carboxybenzyl)pyridinium: Revisiting the Structure of (Cbp)2ZnBr2 and Influence of the Metal on Carboxylate Coordination Mode. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Gu Z, Comito RJ. Binucleating Bis(pyrazolyl)alkane Ligands and Their Cationic Dizinc Complexes: Modular, Bimetallic Catalysts for Ring-Opening Polymerization. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zipeng Gu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Robert J. Comito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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10
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Mandel MJ, Krieck S, Görls H, Westerhausen M. Bulky Hybrid
C‐
Scorpionate/Amidinate Complexes of Lithium and Zinc. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miles J. Mandel
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Chair of Inorganic Chemistry I Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Sven Krieck
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Chair of Inorganic Chemistry I Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Chair of Inorganic Chemistry I Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 8 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Matthias Westerhausen
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Chair of Inorganic Chemistry I Friedrich Schiller University Jena Humboldtstraße 8 07743 Jena Germany
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11
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Tzegai W, Reil M, Burzlaff N. Bis(4-carboxylpyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid: a scorpionate ligand for complexes with improved water solubility. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:6839-6845. [PMID: 35438696 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00848c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Bis(4-carboxylpyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid (H3bcpza) (2), obtained in a one-pot synthesis, contains carboxyl groups that differ in their pKa values. The ligand exhibits heteroscorpionate κ3-N,N,O-coordination whereupon the peripheral carboxyl groups are not involved in metal binding. The corresponding carbonyl complexes [Mn(H2bcpza)(CO)3] (4), [Re(H2bcpza)(CO)3] (5) and [Ru(H2bcpza)Cl(CO)2] (6a/6b) are partially soluble in water but readily soluble in PBS buffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wintana Tzegai
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Michaela Reil
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Nicolai Burzlaff
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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12
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Del Bello F, Pellei M, Bagnarelli L, Santini C, Giorgioni G, Piergentili A, Quaglia W, Battocchio C, Iucci G, Schiesaro I, Meneghini C, Venditti I, Ramanan N, De Franco M, Sgarbossa P, Marzano C, Gandin V. Cu(I) and Cu(II) Complexes Based on Lonidamine-Conjugated Ligands Designed to Promote Synergistic Antitumor Effects. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:4919-4937. [PMID: 35285628 PMCID: PMC8965879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bis(pyrazol-1-yl)- and bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-acetates were conjugated with the 2-hydroxyethylester and 2-aminoethylamide derivatives of the antineoplastic drug lonidamine to prepare Cu(I) and Cu(II) complexes that might act through synergistic mechanisms of action due to the presence of lonidamine and copper in the same chemical entity. Synchrotron radiation-based complementary techniques [X-ray photorlectron spectroscopy and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS)] were used to characterize the electronic and molecular structures of the complexes and the local structure around the copper ion (XAFS) in selected complexes. All complexes showed significant antitumor activity, proving to be more effective than the reference drug cisplatin in a panel of human tumor cell lines, and were able to overcome oxaliplatin and multidrug resistance. Noticeably, these Cu complexes appeared much more effective than cisplatin against 3D spheroids of pancreatic PSN-1 cancer cells; among these, PPh3-containing Cu(I) complex 15 appeared to be the most promising derivative. Mechanistic studies revealed that 15 induced cancer cell death by means of an apoptosis-alternative cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Del Bello
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Maura Pellei
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Luca Bagnarelli
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Carlo Santini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gianfabio Giorgioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Piergentili
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Wilma Quaglia
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Chiara Battocchio
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Giovanna Iucci
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Irene Schiesaro
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo Meneghini
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Iole Venditti
- Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Nitya Ramanan
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot OX11 0DE, U.K
| | - Michele De Franco
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Sgarbossa
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, via Marzolo 9, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Marzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Gandin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
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13
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S S, Chandran H, G R, S N, Kumar M, Krishnan MA, Kulkarni NV, Senthurpandi D, Contractor SS, Arakera SB. First row transition metal complexes of bis(3,5-dimethyl pyrazolyl)methane: Synthesis, molecular structure and antibacterial properties. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Synthesis and molecular structure of half-sandwich ruthenium(II) complexes containing pyrazolyl ligands: Solvent induced geometrical change in κ2-scorpionate supported complex. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Westerhausen M, J. M, Görls H. Synthesis and Structure of a New Bulky Hybrid Scorpionate/Cyclopentadienyl Ligand and its Lithium Complex. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202100385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Westerhausen M, Mandel MJ, Müller C, Görls H, Krieck S. Metalation of Aryl‐bis(3‐alkyl‐5‐methylpyrazol‐1‐yl)methane (Alkyl = Me, Ad; Aryl = Ph, C6H4‐2‐OH) with NaN(SiMe3)2, KN(SiMe3)2, and Ca{N(SiMe3)2}2. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202101051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Miles J. Mandel
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Christoph Müller
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Helmar Görls
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Sven Krieck
- Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat Jena Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry GERMANY
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17
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Lind NM, Joe NS, Newell BS, Morris AM. High Yielding, One-Pot Synthesis of Bis(1H-indazol-1-yl)methane Catalyzed by 3d-Metal Salts. REACTIONS 2022; 3:59-69. [PMID: 35072056 PMCID: PMC8779710 DOI: 10.3390/reactions3010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic access to poly(indazolyl)methanes has limited their study despite their structural similarity to the highly investigated chelating poly(pyrazolyl)methanes and their potentially important indazole moiety. Herein is presented a high yielding, one-pot synthesis for the 3d-metal catalyzed formation of bis(1H-indazol-1-yl)methane from 1H-indazole utilizing dimethylsulfoxide as the methylene source. Complete characterization of bis(1H-indazol-1-yl)methane is given with 1H and 13C NMR, UV/Vis, FTIR, high resolution mass spectrometry and for the first time, single crystal X-ray diffraction. This simple, inexpensive pathway to yield exclusively bis(1H-indazol-1-yl)methane provides synthetic access to further investigate the coordination and potential applications of the family of bis(indazolyl)methanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie M. Lind
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, 1000 Rim Dr., Durango, CO 81301, USA
| | - Natalie S. Joe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, 1000 Rim Dr., Durango, CO 81301, USA
| | - Brian S. Newell
- Materials and Molecular Analysis Center, Analytical Resource Core, Colorado State University, 200 W. Lake St., Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Aimee M. Morris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Fort Lewis College, 1000 Rim Dr., Durango, CO 81301, USA
- Correspondence:
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18
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Rungthanaphatsophon P, Rath N, Neely J. Iron(II) Complexes Supported by Pyrazolyl-Substituted Cyclopentadienyl Ligands: Synthesis and Characterization. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:4252-4256. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00199c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of bis(pyrazolyl)cyclopentadienyl iron complexes is described. Isopropyl substitution promotes solubility of the iron chloride complex that serves as a precursor to several derivatives through ligand exchange. Modification of...
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19
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Bagnarelli L, Dolmella A, Santini C, Vallesi R, Giacomantonio R, Gabrielli S, Pellei M. A New Dimeric Copper(II) Complex of Hexyl Bis(pyrazolyl)acetate Ligand as an Efficient Catalyst for Allylic Oxidations. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26206271. [PMID: 34684852 PMCID: PMC8541649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new dimeric copper(II) bromide complex, [Cu(LOHex)Br(μ-Br)]2 (1), was prepared by a reaction of CuBr2 with the hexyl bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetate ligand (LOHex) in acetonitrile solution and fully characterized in the solid state and in solution. The crystal structure of 1 was also determined: the complex is interlinked by two bridging bromide ligands and possesses terminal bromide ligands on each copper atom. The two pyrazolyl ligands in 1 coordinate with the nitrogen atoms to complete the Cu coordination sphere, resulting in a five-coordinated geometry—away from idealized trigonal bipyramidal and square pyramidal geometries—which can better be described as distorted square pyramidal, as measured by the τ and χ structural parameters. The pendant hexyloxy chain is disordered over two arrangements, with final site occupancies refined to 0.705 and 0.295. The newly synthesized complex was evaluated as a catalyst in copper-catalyzed C–H oxidation for allylic functionalization through a Kharasch–Sosnovsky reaction without any external reducing agent. Using 0.5 mol% of this catalyst, and tert-butyl peroxybenzoate (Luperox) as an oxidant, allylic benzoates were obtained with up to 90% yield. The general reaction time was only slightly decreased to 24 h but a very significant decrease in the alkene:Luperox ratio to 3:1 was achieved. These factors show relevant improvements with respect to classical Kharasch–Sosnovsky reactions in terms of rate and amount of reagents. The present study highlights the potential of copper(II) complexes containing functionalized bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetate ligands as efficient catalysts for allylic oxidations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bagnarelli
- Chemistry Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.B.); (C.S.); (R.V.); (R.G.)
| | - Alessandro Dolmella
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Carlo Santini
- Chemistry Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.B.); (C.S.); (R.V.); (R.G.)
| | - Riccardo Vallesi
- Chemistry Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.B.); (C.S.); (R.V.); (R.G.)
| | - Roberto Giacomantonio
- Chemistry Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.B.); (C.S.); (R.V.); (R.G.)
| | - Serena Gabrielli
- Chemistry Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.B.); (C.S.); (R.V.); (R.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (M.P.); Tel.: +39-0737-402219 (S.G.); +39-0737-402213 (M.P.)
| | - Maura Pellei
- Chemistry Division, School of Science and Technology, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.B.); (C.S.); (R.V.); (R.G.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (M.P.); Tel.: +39-0737-402219 (S.G.); +39-0737-402213 (M.P.)
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20
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Seguí P, Aguilera-Correa JJ, Domínguez-Jurado E, Sánchez-López CM, Pérez-Tanoira R, Ocaña AV, Castro-Osma JA, Esteban J, Marcilla A, Alonso-Moreno C, Pérez-Martínez FC, Molina-Alarcón M. A novel bis(pyrazolyl)methane compound as a potential agent against Gram-positive bacteria. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16306. [PMID: 34381091 PMCID: PMC8357914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95609-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to propose alternative therapeutic compounds to fight against bacterial pathogens. Thus, a library of nitrogen-based compounds bis(triazolyl)methane (1T–7T) and bis(pyrazolyl)methane (1P–11P) was synthesised following previously reported methodologies and their antibacterial activity was tested using the collection strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Moreover, the novel compound 2P was fully characterized by IR, UV–Vis and NMR spectroscopy. To evaluate antibacterial activity, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), minimal bactericidal concentrations (MBCs), minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations (MBICs), and minimum biofilm eradication concentrations (MBECs) assays were carried out at different concentrations (2–2000 µg/mL). The MTT assay and Resazurin viability assays were performed in both human liver carcinoma HepG2 and human colorectal adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell lines at 48 h. Of all the synthesised compounds, 2P had an inhibitory effect on Gram-positive strains, especially against S. aureus. The MIC and MBC of 2P were 62.5 and 2000 µg/mL against S. aureus, and 250 and 2000 µg/mL against E. faecalis, respectively. However, these values were > 2000 µg/mL against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. In addition, the MBICs and MBECs of 2P against S. aureus were 125 and > 2000 µg/mL, respectively, whereas these values were > 2000 µg/mL against E. faecalis, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. On the other hand, concentrations up to 250 µg/mL of 2P were non-toxic doses for eukaryotic cell cultures. Thus, according to the obtained results, the 2P nitrogen-based compound showed a promising anti-Gram-positive effect (especially against S. aureus) both on planktonic state and biofilm, at non-toxic concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Seguí
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario, 02006, Albacete, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02001, Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Elena Domínguez-Jurado
- NanoCRIB Unit, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, 02008, Albacete, Spain.,School of Pharmacy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02008, Albacete, Spain
| | - Christian M Sánchez-López
- Department of Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain.,Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute La Fe-Universitat de València, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Pérez-Tanoira
- Clinical Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Madrid, Spain.,Biomedicine and Biotechnology Department, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana V Ocaña
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02001, Albacete, Spain
| | - José A Castro-Osma
- NanoCRIB Unit, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, 02008, Albacete, Spain.,School of Pharmacy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02008, Albacete, Spain
| | - Jaime Esteban
- Clinical Microbiology Department, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz-UAM, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Marcilla
- Department of Farmàcia i Tecnologia Farmacèutica i Parasitologia, University of Valencia, Burjassot, 46100, Valencia, Spain.,Joint Research Unit on Endocrinology, Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Health Research Institute La Fe-Universitat de València, 46026, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Alonso-Moreno
- NanoCRIB Unit, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, 02008, Albacete, Spain.,School of Pharmacy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02008, Albacete, Spain
| | - Francisco C Pérez-Martínez
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02001, Albacete, Spain.
| | - Milagros Molina-Alarcón
- Instituto de Investigación en Discapacidades Neurológicas (IDINE), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02001, Albacete, Spain.,Department of Nursing, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071, Albacete, Spain
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21
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Efficient Bulky Organo-Zinc Scorpionates for the Stereoselective Production of Poly( rac-lactide)s. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13142356. [PMID: 34301114 PMCID: PMC8309543 DOI: 10.3390/polym13142356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The direct reaction of the highly sterically demanding acetamidinate-based NNN'-scorpionate protioligand Hphbptamd [Hphbptamd = N,N'-di-p-tolylbis(3,5-di-tertbutylpyrazole-1-yl)acetamidine] with one equiv. of ZnMe2 proceeds in high yield to the mononuclear alkyl zinc complex [ZnMe(κ3-phbptamd)] (1). Alternatively, the treatment of the corresponding lithium precursor [Li(phbptamd)(THF)] with ZnCl2 yielded the halide complex [ZnCl(κ3-phbptamd)] (2). The X-ray crystal structure of 1 confirmed unambiguously a mononuclear entity in these complexes, with the zinc centre arranged with a pseudotetrahedral environment and the scorpionate ligand in a κ3-coordination mode. Interestingly, the inexpensive, low-toxic and easily prepared complexes 1 and 2 resulted in highly efficient catalysts for the ring-opening polymerisation of lactides, a sustainable bio-resourced process industrially demanded. Thus, complex 1 behaved as a single-component robust initiator for the living and immortal ROP of rac-lactide under very mild conditions after a few hours, reaching a TOF value up to 5520 h-1 under bulk conditions. Preliminary kinetic studies revealed apparent zero-order dependence on monomer concentration in the absence of a cocatalyst. The PLA materials produced exhibited narrow dispersity values, good agreement between the experimental Mn values and monomer/benzyl alcohol ratios, as well as enhanced levels of heteroselectivity, reaching Ps values up to 0.74.
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22
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González‐Montiel S, Ignacio Sandoval‐Chávez C, Castillo‐Moreno MÁ, Mendoza‐Espinosa D, Manuel Vásquez‐Pérez J, Cruz‐Borbolla J, Salazar‐Pereda V. Coordination from Heteroscorpionate Ligand Towards Pd(II) via Pd⋅⋅⋅Hδ−C(sp3) Interaction: Structural and Catalytic Studies. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Simplicio González‐Montiel
- Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C.P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - César Ignacio Sandoval‐Chávez
- CONACYT Research-Fellow, Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C. P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - Miguel Ángel Castillo‐Moreno
- Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C.P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - Daniel Mendoza‐Espinosa
- Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C.P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - José Manuel Vásquez‐Pérez
- CONACYT Research-Fellow, Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C. P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - Julián Cruz‐Borbolla
- Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C.P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
| | - Verónica Salazar‐Pereda
- Área Académica de Química, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo km. 14.5 Carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo, Ciudad del Conocimiento C.P. 42184, Mineral de la Reforma Hidalgo México
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23
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Rondo RT, Kirschbaum K, Mason MR. New class of trianionic constrained geometry ligands: Representative complexes of zirconium. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.121830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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de la Cruz-Martínez F, Martínez de Sarasa Buchaca M, Fernández-Baeza J, Sánchez-Barba LF, Rodríguez AM, Castro-Osma JA, Lara-Sánchez A. Zinc-Catalyzed Hydroalkoxylation/Cyclization of Alkynyl Alcohols. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:5322-5332. [PMID: 33719419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite the great interest in zinc catalysis for hydroelementation reactions, the use of zinc complexes as catalysts for the hydroalkoxylation of alkynyl alcohols has not been reported to date. Scorpionate zinc complexes have been successfully designed as precatalysts for the hydroalkoxylation reaction of alkynyl alcohols under mild reaction conditions. Zinc amide complex 8 has been shown to be an excellent precatalyst for the highly selective intramolecular hydroalkoxylation process to yield the corresponding exocyclic enol ethers. Kinetic studies have been performed and confirmed that reactions are first-order in [catalyst] and zero-order in [alkynyl alcohol]. NMR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis provided evidence for the formation of an alkynyl zinc compound which has been shown to be a key intermediate in the hydroalkoxylation process. On the basis of the experimental results, a catalytic cycle is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe de la Cruz-Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Marc Martínez de Sarasa Buchaca
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Baeza
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Luis F Sánchez-Barba
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, 28933-Móstoles, Spain
| | - Ana M Rodríguez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - José A Castro-Osma
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Farmacia, 02071-Albacete, Spain
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
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25
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Martínez J, de la Cruz-Martínez F, Martínez de Sarasa Buchaca M, Fernández-Baeza J, Sánchez-Barba LF, North M, Castro-Osma JA, Lara-Sánchez A. Efficient Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Unsaturated Acids and Carbon Dioxide and their Application in the Synthesis of Biobased Polyurethanes. Chempluschem 2021; 86:460-468. [PMID: 33704907 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202100079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Bio-derived furan- and diacid-derived cyclic carbonates have been synthesized in high yields from terminal epoxides and CO2 . Furthermore, four highly substituted terpene-derived cyclic carbonates were isolated in good yields with excellent diastereoselectivity in some cases. Eleven new cyclic carbonates derived from 10-undecenoic acid under mild reaction conditions were prepared, providing the corresponding carbonate products in excellent yields. The catalyst system also performed the conversion of an epoxidized fatty acid n-pentyl ester into a cyclic carbonate under relatively mild reaction conditions (80 °C, 20 bar, 24 h). This bis(cyclic carbonate) was obtained in high yields and with different cis/trans ratios depending on the co-catalyst used. An allyl alcohol by-product was only observed as a minor product when bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride was used as co-catalyst. Finally, two cyclic carbonates were used as building blocks for the preparation of non-isocyanate poly(hydroxy)urethanes by reaction with 1,4-diaminobutane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Isla Teja, Universidad Austral de Chile, 5090000, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Felipe de la Cruz-Martínez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Facultad de Farmacia, 02006, Albacete, Spain
| | - Marc Martínez de Sarasa Buchaca
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Facultad de Farmacia, 02006, Albacete, Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Baeza
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Facultad de Farmacia, 02006, Albacete, Spain
| | - Luis F Sánchez-Barba
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Madrid, 28933, Spain
| | - Michael North
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - José A Castro-Osma
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Facultad de Farmacia, 02006, Albacete, Spain
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Avda. Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.,Facultad de Farmacia, 02006, Albacete, Spain
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26
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Tansky M, Gu Z, Comito RJ. Metal-free, Mild, and Selective Synthesis of Bis(pyrazolyl)alkanes by Nucleophile-Catalyzed Condensation. J Org Chem 2021; 86:1601-1611. [PMID: 33356263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Bis(pyrazolyl)alkanes are a prolific class of ligands for catalysis, accessible by the condensation between bis(pyrazolyl)methanones and carbonyls. In this report, we describe a nucleophile-catalyzed innovation on this condensation that avoids the transition metals, high temperatures, reagent excess, and air-sensitive reagents common among the existing protocols. Significantly, this method accommodates sterically hindered and electronically diverse pyrazoles and aldehydes, applicable for systematic ligand optimization. Furthermore, our scope includes azoles and bridging functional groups previously unreported for this reaction, promising for new heteroscorpionate catalysts. We provide the first direct evidence for an elusive reaction intermediate and characterize the most complete mechanism for this condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxym Tansky
- The University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Zipeng Gu
- The University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
| | - Robert J Comito
- The University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77004, United States
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Approaches to the Synthesis of Dicarboxylic Derivatives of Bis(pyrazol-1-yl)alkanes. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020413. [PMID: 33466823 PMCID: PMC7829949 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxylation of bis(pyrazol-1-yl)alkanes by oxalyl chloride was studied. It was found that 4,4'-dicarboxylic derivatives of substrates with electron-donating methyl groups and short linkers (from one to three methylene groups) can be prepared using this method. Longer linkers lead to significantly lower product yields, which is probably due to instability of the intermediate acid chlorides that are initially formed in the reaction with oxalyl chloride. Thus, bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methane gave only monocarboxylic derivative even with a large excess of oxalyl chloride and prolonged reaction duration. An alternative approach involves the reaction of ethyl 4-pyrazolecarboxylates with dibromoalkanes in a superbasic medium (potassium hydroxide-dimethyl sulfoxide) and is suitable for the preparation of bis(4-carboxypyrazol-1-yl)alkanes with both short and long linkers independent of substitution in positions 3 and 5 of pyrazole rings. The obtained dicarboxylic acids are interesting as potential building blocks for metal-organic frameworks.
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Gansukh B, Zhang Q, Bariashir C, Vignesh A, Ma Y, Liang T, Sun WH. Unifying Molecular Weights of Highly Linear Polyethylene Waxes through Unsymmetrical 2,4-Bis(imino)pyridylchromium Chlorides. Molecules 2020; 25:E5584. [PMID: 33261135 PMCID: PMC7731025 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
By dealing CrCl3∙3THF with the corresponding ligands (L1-L5), an array of fluoro-substituted chromium (III) chlorides (Cr1-Cr5) bearing 2-[1-(2,4-dibenzhydryl-6-fluoro- phenylimino)ethyl]-6-[1-(arylimino)ethyl]pyridine (aryl = 2,6-Me2Ph Cr1, 2,6-Et2Ph Cr2, 2,6-iPr2Ph Cr3, 2,4,6-Me3Ph Cr4, 2,6-Et2-4-MePh Cr5) was synthesized in good yield and validated via Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Besides the routine characterizations, the single-crystal X-ray diffraction study revealed the solid-state structures of complexes Cr2 and Cr4 as the distorted-octahedral geometry around the chromium center. Activated by either methylaluminoxane (MAO) or modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO), all the chromium catalysts exhibited high activities toward ethylene polymerization with the MMAO-promoted polymerizations far more productive than with MAO (20.14 × 106 g (PE) mol-1 (Cr) h-1 vs. 10.03 × 106 g (PE) mol-1 (Cr) h-1). In both cases, the resultant polyethylenes were found as highly linear polyethylene waxes with low molecular weights around 1-2 kg mol-1 and narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD range: 1.68-2.25). In general, both the catalytic performance of the ortho-fluorinated chromium complexes and polymer properties have been the subject of a detailed investigation and proved to be highly dependent on the polymerization reaction parameters (including cocatalyst type and amount, reaction temperature, ethylene pressure and run time).
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Affiliation(s)
- Badral Gansukh
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chantsalnyam Bariashir
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
| | - Arumugam Vignesh
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
| | - Yanping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
| | - Tongling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
| | - Wen-Hua Sun
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Plastics and Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (B.G.); (Q.Z.); (C.B.); (A.V.); (T.L.)
- CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Titi A, Messali M, Touzani R, Fettouhi M, Zarrouk A, Al-Zaqri N, Alsalme A, Alharthi FA, Alsyahi A, Warad I. Synthesis of Novel Tetra(µ 3-Methoxo) Bridged with [Cu(II)-O-Cd(II)] Double-Open-Cubane Cluster: XRD/HSA-Interactions, Spectral and Oxidizing Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8787. [PMID: 33233673 PMCID: PMC7699772 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A new double-open-cubane core Cd(II)-O-Cu(II) bimetallic ligand mixed cluster of type [Cl2Cu4Cd2(NNO)6(NN)2(NO3)2].CH3CN was made available in EtOH/CH3CN solution. The 1-hydroxymethyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazole (NNOH) and 3,5-dimethylpyrazole (NNH) act as N,O-polydentate anion ligands in coordinating the Cu(II) and Cd(II) centers. The structure of the cluster in the solid state was proved by XRD study and confirmed in the liquid state by UV-vis analysis. The XRD result supported the construction of two octahedral and one square pyramid geometries types around the four Cu(II) centers and only octahedral geometry around Cd(II) two centers. Interestingly, NNOH ligand acts as a tetra-µ3-oxo and tri-µ2-oxo ligand; meanwhile, the N-N in NNH acts as classical bidentate anion/neutral ligands. The interactions in the lattice were detected experimentally by the XRD-packing result and computed via Hirschfeld surface analysis (HSA). The UV-vis., FT-IR and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), supported the desired double-open cubane cluster composition. The oxidation potential of the desired cluster was evaluated using a 3,5-DTB-catechol 3,5-DTB-quinone as a catecholase model reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Titi
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Mohammed First University, 60000 Oujda, Morocco; (M.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Mouslim Messali
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Mohammed First University, 60000 Oujda, Morocco; (M.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Rachid Touzani
- Laboratory of Applied and Environmental Chemistry (LCAE), Mohammed First University, 60000 Oujda, Morocco; (M.M.); (R.T.)
| | - Mohammed Fettouhi
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, P.O. Box 5048, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abdelkader Zarrouk
- Laboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, Av. I bn Battouta, Box 1014, 47963 Agdal-Rabat, Morocco;
| | - Nabil Al-Zaqri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.-Z.); (A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ali Alsalme
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.-Z.); (A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Fahad A. Alharthi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.-Z.); (A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Amjad Alsyahi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.-Z.); (A.A.); (F.A.A.); (A.A.)
| | - Ismail Warad
- Department of Chemistry, Science College, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus 00970, Palestine
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Gabrielli S, Pellei M, Venditti I, Fratoddi I, Battocchio C, Iucci G, Schiesaro I, Meneghini C, Palmieri A, Marcantoni E, Bagnarelli L, Vallesi R, Santini C. Development of new and efficient copper(II) complexes of hexyl bis(pyrazolyl)acetate ligands as catalysts for allylic oxidation. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15622-15632. [PMID: 33095220 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02952a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, two new hexyl bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetate ligands and related copper(ii) complexes were prepared and fully characterized in the solid state and in solution. Their electronic and molecular structures were investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near edge X-ray absorption; their ligand molecular structural stability upon coordination to copper was also investigated. The Cu(ii) complexes were studied as new catalysts in copper-catalyzed C-H oxidation for allylic functionalization (the Kharasch-Sosnovsky reaction) avoiding the use of any external reducing agents. Using 5 mol% of these catalysts and tert-butylperoxybenzoate as the oxidant, allylic benzoates were obtained in up to 90% yield: the general reaction time was decreased to 6 h and a 5 to 1 ratio of the alkene and tert-butylperoxybenzoate was used to overcome the two most important limitations on their use in chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena Gabrielli
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
| | - Maura Pellei
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
| | - Iole Venditti
- Science Department, Roma Tre University, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Fratoddi
- Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Battocchio
- Science Department, Roma Tre University, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Iucci
- Science Department, Roma Tre University, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Irene Schiesaro
- Science Department, Roma Tre University, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Meneghini
- Science Department, Roma Tre University, via della Vasca Navale 79, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palmieri
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
| | - Enrico Marcantoni
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
| | - Luca Bagnarelli
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Vallesi
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
| | - Carlo Santini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy.
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31
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The Catalytic Transformation of Ethylene Using Chromium(III) Complexes with Bidentate Nitrogen-Containing Ligands. Catal Letters 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-019-03080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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32
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Sobrino S, Navarro M, Fernández-Baeza J, Sánchez-Barba LF, Lara-Sánchez A, Garcés A, Castro-Osma JA, Rodríguez AM. Efficient Production of Poly(Cyclohexene Carbonate) via ROCOP of Cyclohexene Oxide and CO 2 Mediated by NNO-Scorpionate Zinc Complexes. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092148. [PMID: 32967153 PMCID: PMC7569798 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
New mono- and dinuclear chiral alkoxide/thioalkoxide NNO-scorpinate zinc complexes were easily synthesized in very high yields, and characterized by spectroscopic methods. X-ray diffraction analysis unambiguously confirmed the different nuclearity of the new complexes as well as the variety of coordination modes of the scorpionate ligands. Scorpionate zinc complexes 2, 4 and 6 were assessed as catalysts for polycarbonate production from epoxide and carbon dioxide with no need for a co-catalyst or activator under mild conditions. Interestingly, at 70 °C, 10 bar of CO2 pressure and 1 mol % of loading, the dinuclear thioaryloxide [Zn(bpzaepe)2{Zn(SAr)2}] (4) behaves as an efficient and selective one-component initiator for the synthesis of poly(cyclohexene carbonate) via ring-opening copolymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO) and CO2, affording polycarbonate materials with narrow dispersity values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sobrino
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.S.); (J.F.-B.); (A.L.-S.); (J.A.C.-O.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Marta Navarro
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (M.N.); (A.G.)
| | - Juan Fernández-Baeza
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.S.); (J.F.-B.); (A.L.-S.); (J.A.C.-O.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Luis F. Sánchez-Barba
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (M.N.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-91-488-8504
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.S.); (J.F.-B.); (A.L.-S.); (J.A.C.-O.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Andrés Garcés
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain; (M.N.); (A.G.)
| | - José A. Castro-Osma
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.S.); (J.F.-B.); (A.L.-S.); (J.A.C.-O.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Ana M. Rodríguez
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Campus Universitario, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain; (S.S.); (J.F.-B.); (A.L.-S.); (J.A.C.-O.); (A.M.R.)
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Fernández-Baeza J, Sánchez-Barba LF, Lara-Sánchez A, Sobrino S, Martínez-Ferrer J, Garcés A, Navarro M, Rodríguez AM. NNC-Scorpionate Zirconium-Based Bicomponent Systems for the Efficient CO 2 Fixation into a Variety of Cyclic Carbonates. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12422-12430. [PMID: 32811145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two new derivatives of the bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)methane modified by introduction of organosilyl groups on the central carbon atom, one of which bearing a chiral fragment, have been easily prepared. We verified the potential utility of these compounds through the reaction with [Zr(NMe2)4] for the preparation of novel zirconium complexes in which an ancillary bis(pyrazol-1-yl)methanide acts as a robust monoanionic tridentate scorpionate in a κ3-NNC chelating mode, forming strained four-membered heterometallacycles. These κ3-NNC-scorpionate zirconium amides were investigated as catalysts in combination with tetra-n-butylammonium bromide as cocatalyst for CO2 fixation into five-membered cyclic carbonate products. The study has led to the development of an efficient zirconium-based bicomponent system for the selective cycloaddition reaction of CO2 with epoxides. Kinetics investigations confirmed apparent first-order dependence on the catalyst and cocatalyst concentrations. In addition, this system displays very broad substrate scope, including mono- and disubstituted substrates, as well as the challenging biorenewable terpene derived limonene oxide, under mild and solvent-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Fernández-Baeza
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Campus Universitario, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Luis F Sánchez-Barba
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles-28933-Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Campus Universitario, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Sonia Sobrino
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Campus Universitario, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Jaime Martínez-Ferrer
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Campus Universitario, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Andrés Garcés
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles-28933-Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Navarro
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles-28933-Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Rodríguez
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Campus Universitario, 13071-Ciudad Real, Spain
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Liebing P, Edelmann FT. Trifluoromethylated 3‐(Pyrazol‐1‐yl)propanamide (PPA) Ligands. Helv Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202000148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phil Liebing
- Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Chemisches Institut Universitätsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany
| | - Frank T. Edelmann
- Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Chemisches Institut Universitätsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany
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3,5-disusbtituted-N-hydroxyalkylpyrazole Cu(II) compounds: Anion effect on dimensionality, supramolecular structure and magnetic properties. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Zubkevich SV, Tuskaev VA, Gagieva SC, Kayda AS, Khrustalev VN, Pavlov AA, Zarubin DN, Bulychev BM. NNNO‐Heteroscorpionate nickel (II) and cobalt (II) complexes for ethylene oligomerization: the unprecedented formation of odd carbon number olefins. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Zubkevich
- Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory 11 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Vladislav A. Tuskaev
- Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory 11 Moscow 119991 Russia
- Russian Academy of Sciences A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Vavilova st. 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Svetlana Ch. Gagieva
- Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory 11 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Anatoliy S. Kayda
- Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory 11 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Victor N. Khrustalev
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) Miklukho‐Maklay St., 6 Moscow 117198 Russian Federation
- Russian Academy of Sciences Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Leninsky Prospekt 47 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Alexander A. Pavlov
- Russian Academy of Sciences A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Vavilova st. 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Dmitry N. Zarubin
- Russian Academy of Sciences A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Vavilova st. 28 Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Boris M. Bulychev
- Department of Chemistry Lomonosov Moscow State University Leninskie Gory 11 Moscow 119991 Russia
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Soldevila-Sanmartín J, Guerrero M, Choquesillo-Lazarte D, Giner Planas J, Pons J. Dimeric metallacycles and coordination polymers: Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) complexes of two positional isomers of a flexible N,O-hybrid bispyrazole derived ligand. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Titi A, Oshio H, Touzani R, Mouslim M, Zarrouk A, Hammouti B, Al-Zaqri N, Alsalme A, Warad I. Synthesis and XRD of Novel Ni4(µ3-O)4 Twist Cubane Cluster Using Three NNO Mixed Ligands: Hirshfeld, Spectral, Thermal and Oxidation Properties. J CLUST SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-020-01780-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Andrade MA, Martins LMDRS. Novel Chemotherapeutic Agents - The Contribution of Scorpionates. Curr Med Chem 2020; 26:7452-7475. [PMID: 30215328 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180914104237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The development of safe and effective chemotherapeutic agents is one of the uppermost priorities and challenges of medicinal chemistry and new transition metal complexes are being continuously designed and tested as anticancer agents. Scorpionate ligands have played a great role in coordination chemistry, since their discovery by Trofimenko in the late 1960s, with significant contributions in the fields of catalysis and bioinorganic chemistry. Scorpionate metal complexes have also shown interesting anticancer properties, and herein, the most recent (last decade) and relevant scorpionate complexes reported for application in medicinal chemistry as chemotherapeutic agents are reviewed. The current progress on the anticancer properties of transition metal complexes bearing homo- or hetero- scorpionate ligands, derived from bis- or tris-(pyrazol-1-yl)-borate or -methane moieties is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A Andrade
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luísa M D R S Martins
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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Zubkevich SV, Tuskaev VA, Gagieva SC, Pavlov AA, Khrustalev VN, Polyakova OV, Zarubin DN, Kurmaev DA, Kolosov NA, Bulychev BM. Catalytic systems based on nickel(ii) complexes with bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)methane – impact of PPh3 on the formation of precatalysts and selective dimerization of ethylene. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05704h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Triphenylphosphine facilities ionization of Ni(ii) complexes with bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)metane, which results in highly active catalytic systems for ethylene dimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. V. Zubkevich
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
| | - V. A. Tuskaev
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
| | - S. Ch. Gagieva
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
| | - A. A. Pavlov
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119334
- Russian Federation
| | - V. N. Khrustalev
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”
- Moscow 123182
- Russian Federation
- Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
- Moscow 117198
| | - O. V. Polyakova
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
| | - D. N. Zarubin
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 119334
- Russian Federation
| | - D. A. Kurmaev
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
| | - N. A. Kolosov
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
| | - B. M. Bulychev
- Department of Chemistry
- Lomonosov Moscow State University
- Moscow 119991
- Russian Federation
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Navarro M, Sánchez-Barba LF, Garcés A, Fernández-Baeza J, Fernández I, Lara-Sánchez A, Rodríguez AM. Bimetallic scorpionate-based helical organoaluminum complexes for efficient carbon dioxide fixation into a variety of cyclic carbonates. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00593b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The binuclear aluminum complexes [AlR2(κ2-NN′;κ2-NN′)AlR2] with TBAB/PPNCl behave as excellent systems for cyclic carbonate formation from CO2 with challenging epoxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Navarro
- Departamento de Biología y Geología
- Física y Química Inorgánica
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
- Móstoles
- Spain
| | - Luis F. Sánchez-Barba
- Departamento de Biología y Geología
- Física y Química Inorgánica
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
- Móstoles
- Spain
| | - Andrés Garcés
- Departamento de Biología y Geología
- Física y Química Inorgánica
- Universidad Rey Juan Carlos
- Móstoles
- Spain
| | - Juan Fernández-Baeza
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Ciudad Real
- Spain
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
- Universidad Complutense de Madrid
- Madrid
- Spain
| | - Agustín Lara-Sánchez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Ciudad Real
- Spain
| | - Ana M. Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica
- Orgánica y Bioquímica-Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA)
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha
- Ciudad Real
- Spain
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Jayakumar S, Mahendiran D, Arumai Selvan D, Kalilur Rahiman A. Bis(imidazol-1-yl)methane-based heteroscorpionate metal(II) complexes: Theoretical, antimicrobial, antioxidant, in vitro cytotoxicity and c-Met tyrosine kinase studies. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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43
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Böhme U, Schwarzer A, Günther B. The heteroscorpionate ligand 2,2-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-1,1-diphenylethanol and an easy preparation of its tungsten complex. Acta Crystallogr C 2019; 75:996-1001. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053229619008362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The heteroscorpionate ligand 2,2-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-1,1-diphenylethanol, C24H26N4O, features in the solid state an intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond. A heteroscorpionate tungsten complex, cis-[2,2-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)-1,1-diphenylethanolato]chloridodioxidotungsten(VI) tetrahydrofuran monosolvate, [W(C24H25N4O)ClO2]·C4H8O, was prepared by the simple mixing of solutions of the ligand and WOCl4 in tetrahydrofuran. The tungsten complex was isolated after standing for several weeks. The complex exhibits a κ3
N,N′,O-coordination of the ligand. This simple synthetic procedure allows access to the cis isomer in high yield without additional purification steps. The Hirshfeld surface analysis shows a change of the intermolecular contacts due to the coordination of the WO2Cl unit with the ligand molecule.
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Jayakumar S, Mahendiran D, Rahiman AK. Theoretical, antimicrobial, antioxidant, in vitro cytotoxicity, and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 inhibitor studies of metal(II) complexes with bis(imidazol-1-yl)methane-based heteroscorpionate ligands. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1620217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Jayakumar
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
- Department of Chemistry, Misrimal Navajee Munoth Jain Engineering College, Chennai, India
| | - D. Mahendiran
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - A. Kalilur Rahiman
- Post-Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, The New College (Autonomous), Chennai, India
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Fernández-Alvarez FJ, Polo V, García-Orduña P, Lahoz FJ, Pérez-Torrente JJ, Oro LA, Lalrempuia R. Synthesis and reactivity at the Ir- MeTpm platform: from κ 1-N coordination to κ 3-N-based organometallic chemistry. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:6455-6463. [PMID: 30924485 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00703b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of [Ir(μ-Cl)(COE)2]2 (COE = cis-cyclooctene) with tris(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)methane (MeTpm) affords [IrCl(κ1-N-MeTpm)(COD)] (1) (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene). The formation of 1 implies the transfer dehydrogenation of a COE ligand to give COD and COA (cyclooctane). A mechanistic proposal based on DFT calculations that explains this iridium promoted process has been disclosed. Additionally, reactivity studies have allowed the preparation and characterization, including determination of the molecular structures of a number of iridium complexes with the MeTpm ligand in κ1, κ2 or κ3-N coordination modes. Moreover, the first example of an Ir-cyclooctyl complex featuring hydride and carbonyl ligands, whose solid state structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Fernández-Alvarez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Víctor Polo
- Departamento de Química Física-Instituto de Biocomputación y Física de Sistemas Complejos (BIFI), Universidad de Zaragoza, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús J Pérez-Torrente
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis A Oro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ralte Lalrempuia
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica-Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain and School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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Syntheses and Biological Studies of Cu(II) Complexes Bearing Bis(pyrazol-1-yl)- and Bis(triazol-1-yl)-acetato Heteroscorpionate Ligands. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091761. [PMID: 31067640 PMCID: PMC6539868 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper(II) complexes of bis(pyrazol-1-yl)- and bis(triazol-1-yl)-acetate heteroscorpionate ligands have been synthesized. The copper(II) complexes [HC(COOH)(pzMe2)2]Cu[HC(COO)(pzMe2)2]·ClO4, [HC(COOH)(pz)2]2Cu(ClO4)2 (pzMe2 = 3,5-dimethylpyrazole; pz = pyrazole) were prepared by the reaction of Cu(ClO4)2·6H2O with bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid (HC(COOH)(pzMe2)2) and bis(pyrazol-1-yl)acetic acid (HC(COOH)(pz)2) ligands in ethanol solution. The copper(II) complex [HC(COOH)(tz)2]2Cu(ClO4)2·CH3OH (tz = 1,2,4-triazole) was prepared by the reaction of Cu(ClO4)2·6H2O with bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)acetic acid (HC(COOH)(tz)2) ligand in methanol solution. The synthesized Cu(II) complexes, as well as the corresponding uncoordinated ligands, were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity in monolayer and 3D spheroid cancer cell cultures with different Pt(II)-sensitivity. The results showed that [HC(COOH)(pzMe2)2]Cu[HC(COO)(pzMe2)2]·ClO4 was active against cancer cell lines derived from solid tumors at low IC50 and this effect was retained in the spheroid model. Structure and ultra-structure changes of treated cancer cells analyzed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) highlighted the induction of a cytoplasmic vacuolization, thus suggesting paraptotic-like cancer cell death triggering.
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Bariashir C, Wang Z, Solan GA, Huang C, Hao X, Sun WH. Chromium ethylene polymerization catalysts bearing sterically enhanced α,α′-bis(imino)-2,3:5,6-bis(pentamethylene)pyridines: Tuning activity and molecular weight. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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49
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Supramolecular first-row transition metal complexes of 3-(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)propanamide: Three different coordination modes. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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50
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Bariashir C, Huang C, Solan GA, Sun WH. Recent advances in homogeneous chromium catalyst design for ethylene tri-, tetra-, oligo- and polymerization. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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