1
|
Chen C, Pei L, Ren W, Sun J. Development and validation of a prognostic prediction model for endometrial cancer based on CD8+ T cell infiltration-related genes. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e40820. [PMID: 39654198 PMCID: PMC11630932 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000040820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 11/15/2024] [Indexed: 12/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy with increasing incidence and mortality. The tumor immune microenvironment significantly impacts cancer prognosis. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) is a systems biology approach that analyzes gene expression data to uncover gene co-expression networks and functional modules. This study aimed to use WGCNA to develop a prognostic prediction model for EC based on immune cell infiltration, and to identify new potential therapeutic targets. WGCNA was performed using the Cancer Genome Atlas Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma dataset to identify hub modules associated with T-lymphocyte cell infiltration. Prognostic models were developed using LASSO regression based on genes in these hub modules. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins was used for protein-protein interaction network analysis of the hub module. Gene Set Variation Analysis identified differential gene enrichment analysis between high- and low-risk groups. The relationship between the model and microsatellite instability, tumor mutational burden, and immune cell infiltration was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas data. The model's correlation with chemotherapy and immunotherapy resistance was examined using the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer and Cancer Immunome Atlas databases. Immunohistochemical staining of EC tissue microarrays was performed to analyze the relationship between the expression of key genes and immune infiltration. The green-yellow module was identified as a hub module, with 4 genes (ARPC1B, BATF, CCL2, and COTL1) linked to CD8+ T cell infiltration. The prognostic model constructed from these genes showed satisfactory predictive efficacy. Differentially expressed genes in high- and low-risk groups were enriched in tumor immunity-related pathways. The model correlated with EC-related phenotypes, indicating its potential to predict immunotherapeutic response. Basic leucine zipper activating transcription factor-like transcription factor(BATF) expression in EC tissues positively correlated with CD8+ T cell infiltration, suggesting BATF's crucial role in EC development and antitumor immunity. The prognostic model comprising ARPC1B, BATF, CCL2, and COTL1 can effectively identify high-risk EC patients and predict their response to immunotherapy, demonstrating significant clinical potential. These genes are implicated in EC development and immune infiltration, with BATF emerging as a potential therapeutic target for EC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lipeng Pei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Wei Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingli Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Wang GQ, Li YB. Therapeutic potential of natural coumarins in autoimmune diseases with underlying mechanisms. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1432846. [PMID: 39544933 PMCID: PMC11560467 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1432846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 10/14/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases encompass a wide range of disorders characterized by disturbed immunoregulation leading to the development of specific autoantibodies, which cause inflammation and multiple organ involvement. However, its pathogenesis remains unelucidated. Furthermore, the cumulative medical and economic burden of autoimmune diseases is on the rise, making these diseases a ubiquitous global phenomenon that is predicted to further increase in the coming decades. Coumarins, a class of aromatic natural products with benzene and alpha-pyrone as their basic structures, has good therapeutic effects on autoimmune diseases. In this review, we systematically highlighted the latest evidence on coumarins and autoimmune diseases data from clinical and animal studies. Coumarin acts on immune cells and cytokines and plays a role in the treatment of autoimmune diseases by regulating NF-κB, Keap1/Nrf2, MAPKs, JAK/STAT, Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/AKT, Notch and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathways. This systematic review will provide insight into the interaction of coumarin and autoimmune diseases, and will lay a groundwork for the development of new drugs for autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
- College of First Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Guan-qing Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
| | - Yan-bin Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Institute of Neuroimmunology, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wu M, Zhao Y, Zhang C, Pu K. Advancing Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) Nanotechnology in Protein Homeostasis Reprograming for Disease Treatment. ACS NANO 2024; 18:28502-28530. [PMID: 39377250 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c09800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) represent a transformative class of therapeutic agents that leverage the intrinsic protein degradation machinery to modulate the hemostasis of key disease-associated proteins selectively. Although several PROTACs have been approved for clinical application, suboptimal therapeutic efficacy and potential adverse side effects remain challenging. Benefiting from the enhanced targeted delivery, reduced systemic toxicity, and improved bioavailability, nanomedicines can be tailored with precision to integrate with PROTACs which hold significant potential to facilitate PROTAC nanomedicines (nano-PROTACs) for clinical translation with enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects. In this review, we provide an overview of the recent progress in the convergence of nanotechnology with PROTAC design, leveraging the inherent properties of nanomaterials, such as lipids, polymers, inorganic nanoparticles, nanohydrogels, proteins, and nucleic acids, for precise PROTAC delivery. Additionally, we discuss the various categories of PROTAC targets and provide insights into their clinical translational potential, alongside the challenges that need to be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yilan Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, 637457, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 59 Nanyang Drive, 636921, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hasan S, Mahmud Z, Hossain M, Islam S. Harnessing the role of aberrant cell signaling pathways in glioblastoma multiforme: a prospect towards the targeted therapy. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:1069. [PMID: 39424705 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09996-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/07/2024] [Indexed: 10/21/2024]
Abstract
Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), designated as grade IV by the World Health Organization, is the most aggressive and challenging brain tumor within the central nervous system. Around 80% of GBM patients have a poor prognosis, with a median survival of 12-15 months. Approximately 90% of GBM cases originate from normal glial cells via oncogenic processes, while the remainder arise from low-grade tumors. GBM is notorious for its heterogeneity, high recurrence rates, invasiveness, and aggressive behavior. Its malignancy is driven by increased invasive migration, proliferation, angiogenesis, and reduced apoptosis. Throughout various stages of central nervous system (CNS) development, pivotal signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin, Sonic hedgehog signaling (Shh), PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Ras/Raf/MAPK/ERK, STAT3, NF-КB, TGF-β, and Notch signaling, orchestrate the growth, proliferation, differentiation, and migration of neural progenitor cells in the brain. Numerous upstream and downstream regulators within these signaling pathways have been identified as significant contributors to the development of human malignancies. Disruptions or aberrant activations in these pathways are linked to gliomagenesis, enhancing the invasiveness, progression, and aggressiveness of GBM, along with epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the presence of glioma stem cells (GSCs). Traditional GBM treatment involves surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy with Temozolomide (TMZ). However, most patients experience tumor recurrence, leading to low survival rates. This review provides an overview of the major cell signaling pathways involved in gliomagenesis. Furthermore, we explore the signaling pathways leading to therapy resistance and target key molecules within these signaling pathways, paving the way for the development of novel therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subbrina Hasan
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Zimam Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Mahmud Hossain
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Neurogenetics, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Sohidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry & Microbiology, North South University, Dhaka, 1229, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sepehr A, Aghamohammad S, Ghanavati R, Bavandpour AK, Talebi M, Rohani M, Pourshafie MR. The inhibitory effects of the novel Lactobacillus cocktail on colorectal cancer development through modulating BMP signaling pathway: In vitro and in vivo study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36554. [PMID: 39281652 PMCID: PMC11402137 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of a five-strain Lactobacillus cocktail (comprising two strains of L. plantarum, and one strain each of L. brevis, L. reuteri, and L. rhamnosus) on colorectal cancer (CRC) modulation by targeting the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) signaling pathway. Both in vitro and in vivo (models were employed. The antiproliferative effects of the Lactobacillus cocktail on HT-29 cells were assessed via the MTT assay. Mice were divided into three groups: a negative control (treated with PBS), a positive control (treated with azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) + PBS), and a test group (treated with AOM/DSS + Lactobacillus cocktail in PBS). The role of the Lactobacillus cocktail in inhibiting the BMP signaling pathway was evaluated using qRT-PCR for gene expression analysis and western blotting for β-catenin protein assessment in both models. The MTT assay results demonstrated a significant, time-dependent reduction in HT-29 cell proliferation. qRT-PCR indicated downregulation of the BMP signaling pathway in treated cells, which subsequently led to decreased expression of the hes1 gene, crucial for cell differentiation and proliferation control. This inhibitory effect was corroborated in the mice model, showing significant downregulation of BMP pathway genes and hes1 in the AOM/DSS/Lactobacillus cocktail-treated group. Additionally, western blotting revealed a marked decrease in β-catenin expression in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Collectively, these findings suggest that the Lactobacillus cocktail may aid in CRC prevention by downregulating the BMP signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Sepehr
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Karimi Bavandpour
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Malihe Talebi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Rohani
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sepehr A, Aghamohammad S, Ghanavati R, Talebi M, Pourshafie MR, Rohani M. Role of Native Probiotic Lactobacillus Species via TGF-β Signaling Pathway Modulation in CRC. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2024; 28:168-78. [PMID: 39279541 PMCID: PMC11444483 DOI: 10.61186/ibj.4012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Colon microbiome composition in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients undergoes remarkable changes. The present study was designed to assess the impact of Lactobacillus mixture on the regulating the CRC by influencing the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway in both in vitro (HT-29 cancer cells) and in vivo (BALB/c mice) models. Methods In this study, the antiproliferative effect of a native potential probiotic Lactobacillus mixture on HT-29 cancer cells was evaluated using the MTT assay method. Also, qRT-PCR was performed to assess the RNA expression level of genes associated with the TGF-β signaling pathway at three levels: receptor, regulatory, and inhibitory SMADs. Finally, the in vivo assays were investigated by three groups of mice: a naive group (PBS), a disease group (azoxymethane [AOM]/ dextran sulfate sodium [DSS] + PBS), and a treatment group (AOM/DSS + Lactobacillus mixture in PBS). Results The MTT results showed a significant decrease in proliferation of HT-29 cancer cells after 120 h of treatment. Furthermore, qRT-PCR demonstrated the downregulation of the smad2/3 gene expression in HT-29-treated cells and also reduction in the level of smad4 gene expression. In addition, in the mouse model, the tgf-βR1 gene was downregulated in the group treated with AOM/DSS/Lactobacillus, but not the AOM/DSS group. A downregulation of smad4 gene expression was also observed in in vivo models. Conclusion The obtained results suggest that our novel probiotic Lactobacillus mixture could have a positive impact on the inhibition of the CRC progression by downregulating the TGF-β signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Sepehr
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Malihe Talebi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mahdi Rohani
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yan W, Rao D, Fan F, Liang H, Zhang Z, Dong H. Hepatitis B virus X protein and TGF-β: partners in the carcinogenic journey of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1407434. [PMID: 38962270 PMCID: PMC11220127 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1407434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B infection is substantially associated with the development of liver cancer globally, with the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases exceeding 50%. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) encodes the Hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein, a pleiotropic regulatory protein necessary for the transcription of the HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) microchromosome. In previous studies, HBV-associated HCC was revealed to be affected by HBx in multiple signaling pathways, resulting in genetic mutations and epigenetic modifications in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In addition, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has dichotomous potentials at various phases of malignancy as it is a crucial signaling pathway that regulates multiple cellular and physiological processes. In early HCC, TGF-β has a significant antitumor effect, whereas in advanced HCC, it promotes malignant progression. TGF-β interacts with the HBx protein in HCC, regulating the pathogenesis of HCC. This review summarizes the respective and combined functions of HBx and TGB-β in HCC occurrence and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dean Rao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feimu Fan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, National Health Commission (NHC), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zunyi Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hanhua Dong
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mignini I, Blasi V, Termite F, Esposto G, Borriello R, Laterza L, Scaldaferri F, Ainora ME, Gasbarrini A, Zocco MA. Fibrostenosing Crohn's Disease: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Horizons. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6326. [PMID: 38928032 PMCID: PMC11204249 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bowel strictures are well recognized as one of the most severe complications in Crohn's disease, with variable impacts on the prognosis and often needing surgical or endoscopic treatment. Distinguishing inflammatory strictures from fibrotic ones is of primary importance due to the different therapeutic approaches required. Indeed, to better understand the pathogenesis of fibrosis, it is crucial to investigate molecular processes involving genetic factors, cytokines, alteration of the intestinal barrier, and epithelial and endothelial damage, leading to an increase in extracellular matrix synthesis, which ultimately ends in fibrosis. In such a complex mechanism, the gut microbiota also seems to play a role. A better comprehension of molecular processes underlying bowel fibrosis, in addition to radiological and histopathological findings, has led to the identification of high-risk patients for personalized follow-up and testing of new therapies, primarily in preclinical models, targeting specific pathways involving Transforming Growth Factor-β, interleukins, extracellular matrix balance, and gut microbiota. Our review aims to summarize current evidence about molecular factors involved in intestinal fibrosis' pathogenesis, paving the way for potential diagnostic biomarkers or anti-fibrotic treatments for stricturing Crohn's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Assunta Zocco
- CEMAD Digestive Diseases Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy; (I.M.); (V.B.); (G.E.); (R.B.); (L.L.); (F.S.); (M.E.A.); (A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Suwakulsiri W, Xu R, Rai A, Chen M, Shafiq A, Greening DW, Simpson RJ. Transcriptomic analysis and fusion gene identifications of midbody remnants released from colorectal cancer cells reveals they are molecularly distinct from exosomes and microparticles. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300058. [PMID: 38470197 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that human primary (SW480) and metastatic (SW620) colorectal (CRC) cells release three classes of membrane-encapsulated extracellular vesicles (EVs); midbody remnants (MBRs), exosomes (Exos), and microparticles (MPs). We reported that MBRs were molecularly distinct at the protein level. To gain further biochemical insights into MBRs, Exos, and MPs and their emerging role in CRC, we performed, and report here, for the first time, a comprehensive transcriptome and long noncoding RNA sequencing analysis and fusion gene identification of these three EV classes using the next-generation RNA sequencing technique. Differential transcript expression analysis revealed that MBRs have a distinct transcriptomic profile compared to Exos and MPs with a high enrichment of mitochondrial transcripts lncRNA/pseudogene transcripts that are predicted to bind to ribonucleoprotein complexes, spliceosome, and RNA/stress granule proteins. A salient finding from this study is a high enrichment of several fusion genes in MBRs compared to Exos, MPs, and cell lysates from their parental cells such as MSH2 (gene encoded DNA mismatch repair protein MSH2). This suggests potential EV-liquid biopsy targets for cancer detection. Importantly, the expression of cancer progression-related transcripts found in EV classes derived from SW480 (EGFR) and SW620 (MET and MACCA1) cell lines reflects their parental cell types. Our study is the report of RNA and fusion gene compositions within MBRs (including Exos and MPs) that could have an impact on EV functionality in cancer progression and detection using EV-based RNA/ fusion gene candidates for cancer biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wittaya Suwakulsiri
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Sydney, Darlington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rong Xu
- Nanobiotechnology Laboratory, Australia Centre for Blood Diseases, Centre Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alin Rai
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maoshan Chen
- Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Department of Blood Transfusion, Laboratory Medicine Centre, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Adnan Shafiq
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - David W Greening
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research, Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard J Simpson
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science (LIMS), School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao B, Xia Z, Yang B, Guo Y, Zhou R, Gu M, Liu M, Li Q, Bai W, Huang J, Zhang X, Zhu C, Leung KT, Chen C, Dong J. USP7 promotes IgA class switching through stabilizing RUNX3 for germline transcription activation. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114194. [PMID: 38735043 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Class switch recombination (CSR) diversifies the effector functions of antibodies and involves complex regulation of transcription and DNA damage repair. Here, we show that the deubiquitinase USP7 promotes CSR to immunoglobulin A (IgA) and suppresses unscheduled IgG switching in mature B cells independent of its role in DNA damage repair, but through modulating switch region germline transcription. USP7 depletion impairs Sα transcription, leading to abnormal activation of Sγ germline transcription and increased interaction with the CSR center via loop extrusion for unscheduled IgG switching. Rescue of Sα transcription by transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) in USP7-deleted cells suppresses Sγ germline transcription and prevents loop extrusion toward IgG CSR. Mechanistically, USP7 protects transcription factor RUNX3 from ubiquitination-mediated degradation to promote Sα germline transcription. Our study provides evidence for active transcription serving as an anchor to impede loop extrusion and reveals a functional interplay between USP7 and TGF-β signaling in promoting RUNX3 expression for efficient IgA CSR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Zhigang Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Beibei Yang
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yao Guo
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Mingyu Gu
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Meiling Liu
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Qingcheng Li
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Wanyu Bai
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Junbin Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Xuefei Zhang
- Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center, Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chengming Zhu
- Center for Scientific Research, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Chun Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China.
| | - Junchao Dong
- Department of Immunology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Department of Pediatrics, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518107, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Shi Q, Huang F, Wang Y, Liu H, Deng H, Chen YG. HER2 phosphorylation induced by TGF-β promotes mammary morphogenesis and breast cancer progression. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202307138. [PMID: 38407425 PMCID: PMC10896696 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202307138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and HER2 signaling collaborate to promote breast cancer progression. However, their molecular interplay is largely unclear. TGF-β can activate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and AKT, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we report that TGF-β enhances HER2 activation, leading to the activation of MAPK and AKT. This process depends on the TGF-β type I receptor TβRI kinase activity. TβRI phosphorylates HER2 at Ser779, promoting Y1248 phosphorylation and HER2 activation. Mice with HER2 S779A mutation display impaired mammary morphogenesis, reduced ductal elongation, and branching. Furthermore, wild-type HER2, but not S779A mutant, promotes TGF-β-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cell migration, and lung metastasis of breast cells. Increased HER2 S779 phosphorylation is observed in human breast cancers and positively correlated with the activation of HER2, MAPK, and AKT. Our findings demonstrate the crucial role of TGF-β-induced S779 phosphorylation in HER2 activation, mammary gland development, and the pro-oncogenic function of TGF-β in breast cancer progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoni Shi
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yalong Wang
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huidong Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiteng Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Ye-Guang Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dai T, Qiu S, Gao X, Zhao C, Ge Z, Yang Y, Tang C, Feng S. Circular RNA circWNK1 inhibits the progression of gastric cancer via regulating the miR-21-3p/SMAD7 axis. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:974-988. [PMID: 38287200 PMCID: PMC10921006 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options for advanced-stage patients. Recent studies have highlighted the role of circular RNA (circRNA) as a novel regulator of cancer progression in various malignancies. However, the underlying mechanisms by which circRNA contributes to the development and progression of GC remain poorly understood. In this study, we utilized microarrays and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to identify and validate a downregulated circRNA, hsa_circ_0003251 (referred to as circWNK1), in paired GC and normal tissues. Through a series of in vitro and in vivo gain-of-function and loss-of-function assays, we demonstrated that circWNK1 exerts inhibitory effects on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of GC cells. Additionally, we discovered that circWNK1 acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for SMAD7 by sequestering miR-21-3p. Our findings were supported by comprehensive biological information analysis, as well as RNA pull-down, luciferase reporter gene, and western blot assays. Notably, the downregulation of circWNK1 in GC cells resulted in reduced SMAD7 expression, subsequently activating the TGF-β signaling pathway. Collectively, our study reveals that circWNK1 functions as a tumor suppressor in GC by regulating the miR-21-3p/SMAD7-mediated TGF-β signaling pathway. Furthermore, circWNK1 holds promise as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Dai
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Shengkui Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Xuesong Gao
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Chengjin Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Zhenming Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Yanmei Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Chong Tang
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
- Nantong Clinical Medical CollegeKangda College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNantongChina
| | - Shichun Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Nantong First People's HospitalAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
AbouAitah K, Abdelaziz AM, Higazy IM, Swiderska-Sroda A, Hassan AME, Shaker OG, Szałaj U, Stobinski L, Malolepszy A, Lojkowski W. Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes for Delivery of Ferulic Acid and Diosgenin Anticancer Natural Agents. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:791-811. [PMID: 38253026 PMCID: PMC10880110 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
It was investigated whether loading multi-wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with two natural anticancer agents: ferulic acid (FUA) and diosgenin (DGN), may enhance the anticancer effect of these drugs. The CNTs were functionalized with carboxylic acid (CNTCOOH) or amine (CNTNH2), loaded with the above pro-drugs, as well as both combined and coated with chitosan or chitosan-stearic acid. Following physicochemical characterization, the drug-loading properties and kinetics of the drug's release were investigated. Their effects on normal human skin fibroblasts and MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells, HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and A549 non-small-cell lung cancer cells were evaluated in vitro. Their actions at the molecular level were evaluated by assessing the expression of lncRNAs (HULC, HOTAIR, CCAT-2, H19, and HOTTIP), microRNAs (mir-21, mir-92, mir-145, and mir-181a), and proteins (TGF-β and E-cadherin) in HepG2 cells. The release of both pro-drugs depended on the glutathione concentration, coating, and functionalization. Release occurred in two stages: a no-burst/zero-order release followed by a sustained release best fitted to Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetics. The combined nanoformulation cancer inhibition effect on HepG2 cancer cells was more pronounced than for A549 and MCF7 cells. The combined nanoformulations had an additive impact followed by a synergistic effect, with antagonism demonstrated at high concentrations. The nanoformulation coated with chitosan and stearic acid was particularly successful in targeting HepG2 cells and inducing apoptosis. The CNT functionalized with carboxylic acid (CNTCOOH), loaded with both FUA and DGN, and coated with chitosan-stearic acid inhibited the expression of lncRNAs and modulated both microRNAs and proteins. Thus, nanoformulations composed of functionalized CNTs dual-loaded with FUA and DGN and coated with chitosan-stearic acid are a promising drug delivery system that enhances the activity of natural pro-drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khaled AbouAitah
- Medicinal
and Aromatic Plants Research Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries
Research Institute, National Research Centre
(NRC), 33 El-Behouth Street, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Abdelaziz
- Supplementary
General Sciences, Future University, End of 90th Street, Fifth Settlement, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Imane M. Higazy
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Technology, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research
Institute, National Research Centre (NRC), 33 El-Behouth Street, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Anna Swiderska-Sroda
- Institute
of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Sokolowska
29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Abeer M. E. Hassan
- Analytical
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt
| | - Olfat G. Shaker
- Medical
Biochemistry
and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 11511, Egypt
| | - Urszula Szałaj
- Institute
of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Sokolowska
29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty
of Materials Engineering, Warsaw University
of Technology, Wołoska 41, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Stobinski
- NANOMATPL
Ltd., 14/38 Wyszogrodzka
Street, Warsaw 03-337, Poland
- Faculty
of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw
University of Technology, 1 Warynskiego Street, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Malolepszy
- Faculty
of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw
University of Technology, 1 Warynskiego Street, 00-645 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Witold Lojkowski
- Institute
of High Pressure Physics, Polish Academy
of Sciences, Sokolowska
29/37, 01-142 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xiao M, Wang F, Chen N, Zhang H, Cao J, Yu Y, Zhao B, Ji J, Xu P, Li L, Shen L, Lin X, Feng XH. Smad4 sequestered in SFPQ condensates prevents TGF-β tumor-suppressive signaling. Dev Cell 2024; 59:48-63.e8. [PMID: 38103553 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Loss of TGF-β growth-inhibitory responses is a hallmark of human cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the TGF-β resistance of cancer cells remain to be fully elucidated. Splicing factor proline- and glutamine-rich (SFPQ) is a prion-like RNA-binding protein that is frequently upregulated in human cancers. In this study, we identified SFPQ as a potent suppressor of TGF-β signaling. The ability of SFPQ to suppress TGF-β responses depends on its prion-like domain (PrLD) that drives liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Mechanistically, SFPQ physically restrained Smad4 in its condensates, which excluded Smad4 from the Smad complex and chromatin occupancy and thus functionally dampened Smad-dependent transcriptional responses. Accordingly, SFPQ deficiency or loss of phase separation activities rendered human cells hypersensitive to TGF-β responses. Together, our data identify an important function of SFPQ through LLPS that suppresses Smad transcriptional activation and TGF-β tumor-suppressive activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mu Xiao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Nuo Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Hanchenxi Zhang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Jin Cao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yi Yu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Junfang Ji
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Pinglong Xu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Lei Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Li Shen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 321000, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Peng R, Huang Y, Huang P, Liu L, Cheng L, Peng X. The paradoxical role of transforming growth factor-β in controlling oral squamous cell carcinoma development. Cancer Biomark 2024; 40:241-250. [PMID: 39213051 PMCID: PMC11380267 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-230354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that plays a vital role in regulating cell growth, differentiation and survival in various tissues. It participates in a variety of cellular processes, including cell apoptosis, cell migration and evasion, and plays a paradoxical role in tumor genesis and development. In the early stage of tumor, TGF-β inhibits the occurrence of tumor by inhibiting cell proliferation and regulating cell apoptosis. In the advanced stage of tumor, TGF-β promotes tumor development and affects prognosis by promoting cell survival and proliferation, cell migration and invasion, participates in immune escape, etc. In this article, we will review the paradoxical role of TGF-β on the occurrence and development of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruiting Peng
- Department of Stomatology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Stomatology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Stomatology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command PLA, Chengdu, China
| | - Linyi Liu
- Maine Health Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME, USA
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontic, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Safavi P, Moghadam KB, Haghighi Z, Ferns GA, Rahmani F. Interplay between LncRNA/miRNA and TGF-β Signaling in the Tumorigenesis of Gynecological Cancer. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:352-361. [PMID: 38303530 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128284380240123071409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Gynecologic cancers are among the most common malignancies with aggressive features and poor prognosis. Tumorigenesis in gynecologic cancers is a complicated process that is influenced by multiple factors, including genetic mutations that activate various oncogenic signaling pathways, including the TGF-β pathway. Aberrant activation of TGF-β signaling is correlated with tumor recurrence and metastasis. It has been shown that non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) have crucial effects on cancer cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis. Upregulation of various ncRNAs, including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and microRNAs (miRNAs), has been reported in several tumors, like cervical, ovarian, and endometrial cancers, but their cellular mechanisms remain to be investigated. Thus, recognizing the role of ncRNAs in regulating the TGF-β pathway may provide novel strategies for better treatment of cancer patients. The present study summarizes recent findings on the role of ncRNAs in regulating the TGF-β signaling involved in tumor progression and metastasis in gynecologic cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Safavi
- Department of Medical Radiation, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Behrouz Moghadam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Zahra Haghighi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kashmar School of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Division of Medical Education, Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Farzad Rahmani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Kashmar School of Medical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Petersen SH, Al Badawy K, Hopkins R, Vu DL, Rahmani M, Maia SM, Connolly JE. A novel GPI-anchored dominant-negative TGF-β receptor II renders T cells unresponsive to TGF-β signaling. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 31:100730. [PMID: 37829123 PMCID: PMC10565558 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.100730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic cytokine expressed by a wide range of cell types and is known for hampering the effectiveness of cancer immune cell therapeutic approaches. We have designed a novel construct containing the extracellular domain of the TGF-β receptor II linked to a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor (GPI-ecto-TβRII) lacking the transmembrane and cytoplasmic signaling domain of TGF-β receptor II (TβRII). T cells transduced with lentivirus expressing the GPI-ecto-TβRII construct show 5 to 15 times higher membrane expression compared with a previously established dominant-negative receptor carrying a truncated signaling domain. GPI-ecto-TβRII expression renders T cells unresponsive to TGF-β-induced signaling seen by a lack of SMAD phosphorylation upon exogeneous TGF-β treatment. Transduced T cells continue to express high levels of IFNγ and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), among other cytokines, in the presence of TGF-β while cytokine expression in untransduced T cells is being markedly suppressed. Furthermore, T cells expressing GPI-ecto-TβRII constructs have been shown to efficiently capture and inactivate TGF-β from their environment. These results indicate the potential benefits of GPI-ecto-TβRII expressing cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) in future cell therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dang L. Vu
- Tessa Therapeutics, Singapore, Singapore
- Program in Translational Immunology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A∗STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Sonia M.P. Maia
- Tessa Therapeutics, Singapore, Singapore
- Program in Translational Immunology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A∗STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John E. Connolly
- Tessa Therapeutics, Singapore, Singapore
- Program in Translational Immunology, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A∗STAR, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunity, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Institute of Biomedical Studies, Baylor University Medical Center, Waco, TX, USA
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Merlano MC, Paccagnella M, Denaro N, Abbona A, Galizia D, Sangiolo D, Gammaitoni L, Fiorino E, Minei S, Bossi P, Licitra L, Garrone O. Baseline Values of Circulating IL-6 and TGF-β Might Identify Patients with HNSCC Who Do Not Benefit from Nivolumab Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5257. [PMID: 37958430 PMCID: PMC10649732 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15215257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immunotherapy of head and neck cancer induces a limited rate of long-term survivors at the cost of treating many patients exposed to toxicity without benefit, regardless of PD-L1 expression. The identification of better biomarkers is warranted. We analyzed a panel of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, hereinafter all referred to as 'cytokines', as potential biomarkers in patients with head and neck cancer treated with nivolumab. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 18 circulating cytokines were analyzed. Samples were gathered at baseline (T0) and after 3 courses of nivolumab (T1) in patients with relapsed/metastatic disease. The data extracted at T0 were linked to survival; the comparison of T0-T1 explored the effect of immunotherapy. RESULTS A total of 22 patients were accrued: 64% current heavy smokers, 36% female and 14% had PS = 2. At T0, ROC analysis showed that IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and TGF-β were higher in patients with poor survival. Cox analysis demonstrated that only patients with the IL-6 and TGF-β discriminate had good or poor survival, respectively. Longitudinal increments of CCL-4, IL-15, IL-2 and CXCL-10 were observed in all patients during nivolumab treatment. CONCLUSION In this small population with poor clinical characteristics, this study highlights the prognostic role of IL-6 and TGF-β. Nivolumab treatment is associated with a positive modulation of some Th1 cytokines, but it does not correlate with the outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Carlo Merlano
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (M.C.M.); (D.G.); (L.G.)
| | | | - Nerina Denaro
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (N.D.); (O.G.)
| | - Andrea Abbona
- Translational Oncology ARCO Foundation, 12100 Cuneo, Italy;
| | - Danilo Galizia
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (M.C.M.); (D.G.); (L.G.)
| | - Dario Sangiolo
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Torino, Italy; (D.S.); (E.F.)
| | - Loretta Gammaitoni
- Candiolo Cancer Institute, FPO-IRCCS Candiolo, 10060 Torino, Italy; (M.C.M.); (D.G.); (L.G.)
| | - Erika Fiorino
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, 10060 Torino, Italy; (D.S.); (E.F.)
| | - Silvia Minei
- Post-Graduate School of Specialization Medical Oncology, University of Bari “A. Moro”, 70120 Bari, Italy;
- Medical Oncology, A.U.O. Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, 70120 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Bossi
- Medical Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences, Public Health, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy;
| | - Lisa Licitra
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Ornella Garrone
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy; (N.D.); (O.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Hou M, Guo R, Ren T, Wang T, Jiang JH, He J. Selective Proteolysis of Activated Transcriptional Factor by NIR-Responsive Palindromic DNA Thalidomide Conjugate Inhibits the Canonical Smad Pathway. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302525. [PMID: 37415558 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunctional transcription factors that activate abnormal expressions of specific proteins are often associated with the progression of various diseases. Despite being attractive drug targets, the lack of druggable sites has dramatically hindered their drug development. The emergence of proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) has revitalized the drug development of many conventional hard-to-drug protein targets. Here, the use of a palindromic double-strand DNA thalidomide conjugate (PASTE) to selectively bind and induce proteolysis of targeted activated transcription factor (PROTAF) is reported. The selective proteolysis of the dimerized phosphorylated receptor-regulated Smad2/3 and inhibition of the canonical Smad pathway validates PASTE-mediated PROTAF. Further aptamer-guided active delivery of PASTE and near-infrared light-triggered PROTAF are demonstrated. Great potential in using PASTE for the selective degradation of the activated transcription factor is seen, providing a powerful tool for studying signaling pathways and developing precision medicines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biomedical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
- School of Physics and Chemistry, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, 410205, China
| | - Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biomedical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Tianyu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biomedical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biomedical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jian-Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biomedical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jianjun He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biomedical Sciences, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li Y, Zhao H, Hu S, Zhang X, Chen H, Zheng Q. PET imaging with [ 68Ga]-labeled TGFβ-targeting peptide in a mouse PANC-1 tumor model. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1228281. [PMID: 37781175 PMCID: PMC10540840 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1228281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) is upregulated in many types of tumors and plays important roles in tumor microenvironment construction, immune escape, invasion, and metastasis. The therapeutic effect of antibodies and nuclide-conjugated drugs targeting TGFβ has not been ideal. Targeting TGFβ with small-molecule or peptide carriers labeled with diagnostic/therapeutic nuclides is a new development direction. This study aimed to explore and confirm the imaging diagnostic efficiency of TGFβ-targeting peptide P144 coupled with [68Ga] in a PANC-1 tumor model. Procedures TGFβ-targeting inhibitory peptide P144 with stable activity was prepared through peptide synthesis and screening, and P144 was coupled with biological chelator DOTA and labeled with radionuclide [68Ga] to achieve a stable TGFβ-targeting tracer [68Ga]Ga-P144. This tracer was first used for positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging study of pancreatic cancer in a mouse PANC-1 tumor model. Results [68Ga]Ga-P144 had a high targeted uptake and relatively long uptake retention time in tumors and lower uptakes in non-target organs and backgrounds. Target pre-blocking experiment with the cold drug P144-DOTA demonstrated that the radioactive uptake with [68Ga]Ga-P144 PET in vivo, especially in tumor tissue, had a high TGFβ-targeting specificity. [68Ga]Ga-P144 PET had ideal imaging efficiency in PANC-1 tumor-bearing mice, with high specificity in vivo and good tumor-targeting effect. Conclusion [68Ga]Ga-P144 has relatively high specificity and tumor-targeted uptake and may be developed as a promising diagnostic tool for TGFβ-positive malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shan Hu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xichen Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haojian Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qihuang Zheng
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lan Z, Lv Z, Zuo W, Xiao Y. From bench to bedside: The promise of sotatercept in hematologic disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115239. [PMID: 37516019 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Sotatercept (ACE-011) is an activin receptor IIA-Fc (ActRIIA-Fc) fusion protein currently under investigation for its potential in the treatment of hematologic diseases. By impeding the activities of the overexpressed growth and differentiation factor 11 (GDF11), activin A, and other members of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily, commonly found in hematologic disorders, sotatercept aims to restore the normal functioning of red blood cell maturation and osteoblast differentiation. This action is anticipated to enhance anemia management and hinder the progression of myeloma. Simultaneously, comprehensive research is ongoing to investigate sotatercept's pharmacokinetics and potential adverse reactions, thus laying a robust foundation for its prospective clinical use. In this review, we provide a detailed overview of TGF-β pathways in physiological and hematologic disorder contexts, outline the potential mechanism of sotatercept, and delve into its pharmacokinetics and clinical research advancements in various hematologic diseases. A particular emphasis is given to the relationship between sotatercept dosage and its efficacy or associated adverse reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehao Lan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Zhaohua Lv
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wanyun Zuo
- Department of Hematology, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yichao Xiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Li T, Wang X, Niu M, Wang M, Zhou J, Wu K, Yi M. Bispecific antibody targeting TGF-β and PD-L1 for synergistic cancer immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1196970. [PMID: 37520520 PMCID: PMC10373067 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1196970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cancer immune evasion, and the use of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 antibodies represents a significant milestone in cancer immunotherapy. However, the low response rate observed in unselected patients and the development of therapeutic resistance remain major obstacles to their clinical application. Accumulating studies showed that overexpressed TGF-β is another immunosuppressive factor apart from traditional immune checkpoints. Actually, the effects of PD-1 and TGF-β pathways are independent and interactive, which work together contributing to the immune evasion of cancer cell. It has been verified that blocking TGF-β and PD-L1 simultaneously could enhance the efficacy of PD-L1 monoclonal antibody and overcome its treatment resistance. Based on the bispecific antibody or fusion protein technology, multiple bispecific and bifunctional antibodies have been developed. In the preclinical and clinical studies, these updated antibodies exhibited potent anti-tumor activity, superior to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 monotherapies. In the review, we summarized the advances of bispecific antibodies targeting TGF-β and PD-L1 in cancer immunotherapy. We believe these next-generation immune checkpoint inhibitors would substantially alter the cancer treatment paradigm, especially in anti-PD-1/PD-L1-resistant patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinrun Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Mingli Wang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Cancer Center, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Science, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Erdem C, Gross SM, Heiser LM, Birtwistle MR. MOBILE pipeline enables identification of context-specific networks and regulatory mechanisms. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3991. [PMID: 37414767 PMCID: PMC10326020 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39729-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Robust identification of context-specific network features that control cellular phenotypes remains a challenge. We here introduce MOBILE (Multi-Omics Binary Integration via Lasso Ensembles) to nominate molecular features associated with cellular phenotypes and pathways. First, we use MOBILE to nominate mechanisms of interferon-γ (IFNγ) regulated PD-L1 expression. Our analyses suggest that IFNγ-controlled PD-L1 expression involves BST2, CLIC2, FAM83D, ACSL5, and HIST2H2AA3 genes, which were supported by prior literature. We also compare networks activated by related family members transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1) and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) and find that differences in ligand-induced changes in cell size and clustering properties are related to differences in laminin/collagen pathway activity. Finally, we demonstrate the broad applicability and adaptability of MOBILE by analyzing publicly available molecular datasets to investigate breast cancer subtype specific networks. Given the ever-growing availability of multi-omics datasets, we envision that MOBILE will be broadly useful for identification of context-specific molecular features and pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cemal Erdem
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Sean M Gross
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Laura M Heiser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Marc R Birtwistle
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sumioka T, Matsumoto KI, Reinach PS, Saika S. Tenascins and osteopontin in biological response in cornea. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:131-149. [PMID: 37209968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The structural composition, integrity and regular curvature of the cornea contribute to the maintenance of its transparency and vision. Disruption of its integrity caused by injury results in scarring, inflammation and neovascularization followed by losses in transparency. These sight compromising effects is caused by dysfunctional corneal resident cell responses induced by the wound healing process. Upregulation of growth factors/cytokines and neuropeptides affect development of aberrant behavior. These factors trigger keratocytes to first transform into activated fibroblasts and then to myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts express extracellular matrix components for tissue repair and contract the tissue to facilitate wound closure. Proper remodeling following primary repair is critical for restoration of transparency and visual function. Extracellular matrix components contributing to the healing process are divided into two groups; a group of classical tissue structural components and matrix macromolecules that modulate cell behaviors/activities besides being integrated into the matrix structure. The latter components are designated as matricellular proteins. Their functionality is elicited through mechanisms which modulate the scaffold integrity, cell behaviors, activation/inactivation of either growth factors or cytoplasmic signaling regulation. We discuss here the functional roles of matricellular proteins in mediating injury-induced corneal tissue repair. The roles are described of major matricellular proteins, which include tenascin C, tenascin X and osteopontin. Focus is directed towards dealing with their roles in modulating individual activities of wound healing-related growth factors, e. g., transforming growth factor β (TGF β). Modulation of matricellular protein functions could encompass a potential novel strategy to improve the outcome of injury-induced corneal wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Sumioka
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-0012, Japan.
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Head Office for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Peter Sol Reinach
- Department of Biological. Sciences SUNY Optometry, New York, NY, 10036, USA
| | - Shizuya Saika
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wakayama Medical University School of Medicine, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-0012, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Luo W, Li Y, Zeng Y, Li Y, Cheng M, Zhang C, Li F, Wu Y, Huang C, Yang X, Kremerskothen J, Zhang J, Zhang C, Tu S, Li Z, Luo Z, Lin Z, Yan X. Tea domain transcription factor TEAD4 mitigates TGF-β signaling and hepatocellular carcinoma progression independently of YAP. J Mol Cell Biol 2023; 15:mjad010. [PMID: 36806855 PMCID: PMC10446140 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea domain transcription factor 4 (TEAD4) plays a pivotal role in tissue development and homeostasis by interacting with Yes-associated protein (YAP) in response to Hippo signaling inactivation. TEAD4 and YAP can also cooperate with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-activated Smad proteins to regulate gene transcription. Yet, it remains unclear whether TEAD4 plays a YAP-independent role in TGF-β signaling. Here, we unveil a novel tumor suppressive function of TEAD4 in liver cancer via mitigating TGF-β signaling. Ectopic TEAD4 inhibited TGF-β-induced signal transduction, Smad transcriptional activity, and target gene transcription, consequently suppressing hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and migration in vitro and xenograft tumor growth in mice. Consistently, depletion of endogenous TEAD4 by siRNAs enhanced TGF-β signaling in cancer cells. Mechanistically, TEAD4 associates with receptor-regulated Smads (Smad2/3) and Smad4 in the nucleus, thereby impairing the binding of Smad2/3 to the histone acetyltransferase p300. Intriguingly, these negative effects of TEAD4 on TGF-β/Smad signaling are independent of YAP, as impairing the TEAD4-YAP interaction through point mutagenesis or depletion of YAP and/or its paralog TAZ has little effect. Together, these results unravel a novel function of TEAD4 in fine tuning TGF-β signaling and liver cancer progression in a YAP-independent manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weicheng Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yining Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Minzhang Cheng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Yiqing Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Chunhong Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiaolong Yang
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Joachim Kremerskothen
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Rheumatology, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Cancer Genetics & Genomics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Streets, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Chunbo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang
University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330008, China
| | - Shuo Tu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Key Laboratory of Breast Diseases of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330025, China
| | - Zhijun Luo
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhenghong Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 405200, China
| | - Xiaohua Yan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang 330031, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Diseases of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330025, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Anwar F, Naqvi S, Shams S, Sheikh RA, Al-Abbasi FA, Asseri AH, Baig MR, Kumar V. Nanomedicines: intervention in inflammatory pathways of cancer. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:1199-1221. [PMID: 37060398 PMCID: PMC10105366 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex defense process that maintains tissue homeostasis. However, this complex cascade, if lasts long, may contribute to pathogenesis of several diseases. Chronic inflammation has been exhaustively studied in the last few decades, for its contribution in development and progression of cancer. The intrinsic limitations of conventional anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer therapies triggered the development of nanomedicines for more effective and safer therapies. Targeting inflammation and tumor cells by nanoparticles, encapsulated with active therapeutic agents, offers a promising outcome with patient survival. Considerable technological success has been achieved in this field through exploitation of tumor microenvironment, and recognition of molecules overexpressed on endothelial cells or macrophages, through enhanced vascular permeability, or by rendering biomimetic approach to nanoparticles. This review focusses on the inflammatory pathways in progression of a tumor, and advancement in nanotechnologies targeting these pathways. We also aim to identify the gaps that hinder the successful clinical translation of nanotherapeutics with further clinical studies that will allow oncologist to precisely identify the patients who may be benefited from nanotherapy at time when promotion or progression of tumor initiates. It is postulated that the nanomedicines, in near future, will shift the paradigm of cancer treatment and improve patient survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Firoz Anwar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Salma Naqvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Saiba Shams
- School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, (Deemed to be University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Ryan Adnan Sheikh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer H Asseri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mirza Rafi Baig
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacotherapeutics. Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Po Box 19099, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Natural Product Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hegazy M, Elkady MA, Yehia AM, Elsakka EGE, Abulsoud AI, Abdelmaksoud NM, Elshafei A, Abdelghany TM, Elkhawaga SY, Ismail A, Mokhtar MM, El-Mahdy HA, Doghish AS. The role of miRNAs in laryngeal cancer pathogenesis and therapeutic resistance - A focus on signaling pathways interplay. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 246:154510. [PMID: 37167812 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Laryngeal cancer (LC)is the malignancy of the larynx (voice box). The majority of LC are squamous cell carcinomas. Many risk factors were reported to be associated with LC as tobacco use, obesity, alcohol intake, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and asbestos exposure. Besides, epigenetics as non-coding nucleic acids also have a great role in LC. miRNAs are short nucleic acid molecules that can modulate multiple cellular processes by regulating the expression of their genes. Therefore, LC progression, apoptosis evasions, initiation, EMT, and angiogenesis are associated with dysregulated miRNA expressions. miRNAs also could have some vital signaling pathways such as mTOR/P-gp, Wnt/-catenin signaling, JAK/STAT, KRAS, and EGF. Besides, miRNAs also have a role in the modulation of LC response to different therapeutic modalities. In this review, we have provided a comprehensive and updated overview highlighting the microRNAs biogenesis, general biological functions, regulatory mechanisms, and signaling dysfunction in LC carcinogenesis, in addition to their clinical potential for LC diagnosis, prognosis, and chemotherapeutics response implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maghawry Hegazy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Elkady
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Mohamed Yehia
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Elsayed G E Elsakka
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed I Abulsoud
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Nourhan M Abdelmaksoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elshafei
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer M Abdelghany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo 11785, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11231, Egypt
| | - Samy Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Mohamed Mokhtar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham A El-Mahdy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed S Doghish
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt; Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11231 Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wang L, Gu S, Chen F, Yu Y, Cao J, Li X, Gao C, Chen Y, Yuan S, Liu X, Qin J, Zhao B, Xu P, Liang T, Tong H, Lin X, Feng XH. Imatinib blocks tyrosine phosphorylation of Smad4 and restores TGF-β growth-suppressive signaling in BCR-ABL1-positive leukemia. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:120. [PMID: 36959211 PMCID: PMC10036327 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of TGF-β-mediated growth suppression is a major contributor to the development of cancers, best exemplified by loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding components of the TGF-β signaling pathway in colorectal and pancreatic cancers. Alternatively, gain-of-function oncogene mutations can also disrupt antiproliferative TGF-β signaling. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying oncogene-induced modulation of TGF-β signaling have not been extensively investigated. Here, we show that the oncogenic BCR-ABL1 of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and the cellular ABL1 tyrosine kinases phosphorylate and inactivate Smad4 to block antiproliferative TGF-β signaling. Mechanistically, phosphorylation of Smad4 at Tyr195, Tyr301, and Tyr322 in the linker region interferes with its binding to the transcription co-activator p300/CBP, thereby blocking the ability of Smad4 to activate the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors and induce cell cycle arrest. In contrast, the inhibition of BCR-ABL1 kinase with Imatinib prevented Smad4 tyrosine phosphorylation and re-sensitized CML cells to TGF-β-induced antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic responses. Furthermore, expression of phosphorylation-site-mutated Y195F/Y301F/Y322F mutant of Smad4 in Smad4-null CML cells enhanced antiproliferative responses to TGF-β, whereas the phosphorylation-mimicking Y195E/Y301E/Y322E mutant interfered with TGF-β signaling and enhanced the in vivo growth of CML cells. These findings demonstrate the direct role of BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase in suppressing TGF-β signaling in CML and explain how Imatinib-targeted therapy restored beneficial TGF-β anti-growth responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 321000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Shuchen Gu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 321000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Fenfang Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Yi Yu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 321000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Jin Cao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 321000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Xinran Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 321000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Chun Gao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 321000, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
| | - Yanzhen Chen
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Shuchong Yuan
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xia Liu
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311200, China
| | - Jun Qin
- Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 321000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Pinglong Xu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 321000, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Hongyan Tong
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
- Center for Life Sciences, Shaoxing Institute, Zhejiang University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 321000, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Rahavi H, Alizadeh-Navaei R, Tehrani M. Efficacy of therapies targeting TGF-β in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Immunotherapy 2023; 15:283-292. [PMID: 36789642 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to explore the efficacy of TGF-β blockade therapies in solid tumors. Patients & methods: Results of overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), time to progression (TTP) and overall response rate (ORR) with their 95% CI were calculated. Also, subgroup analyses were conducted according to the categories of TGF-β blocker alone or combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Results: Overall OS, PFS, TTP and ORR were 10.5 months (95% CI: 7.76-13.25), 2.54 months (95% CI: 1.66-3.43), 4.69 months (95% CI: 3.18-6.21) and 0.83% (95% CI: 0.82-0.85), respectively. Conclusion: Collectively, TGF-β blockade combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy showed more favorable clinical outcomes than monotherapy using TGF-β blockade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Rahavi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48471-91971, Iran
| | - Reza Alizadeh-Navaei
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48471-91971, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tehrani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48471-91971, Iran.,Molecular & Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 48471-91971, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen JF, Wu SW, Shi ZM, Hu B. Traditional Chinese medicine for colorectal cancer treatment: potential targets and mechanisms of action. Chin Med 2023; 18:14. [PMID: 36782251 PMCID: PMC9923939 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00719-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease with complex pathogenesis, it is prone to metastasis, and its development involves abnormalities in multiple signaling pathways. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, target therapy, and immunotherapy remain the main treatments for CRC, but improvement in the overall survival rate and quality of life is urgently needed. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of preventing and treating CRC. It could affect CRC cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle, migration, invasion, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance by regulating multiple signaling pathways, such as PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, MAPK, Wnt/β-catenin, epidermal growth factor receptors, p53, TGF-β, mTOR, Hedgehog, and immunomodulatory signaling pathways. In this paper, the main signaling pathways and potential targets of TCM and its active ingredients in the treatment of CRC were systematically summarized, providing a theoretical basis for treating CRC with TCM and new ideas for further exploring the pathogenesis of CRC and developing new anti-CRC drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fang Chen
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shi-Wei Wu
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Man Shi
- grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China ,grid.412540.60000 0001 2372 7462Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032 Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bing Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Oncology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 200032, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Cheng J, Wu K, Yang Q, Zhu Z, Zhao H. RNF6 activates TGF-β1/c-Myb pathway to promote EMT in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1081333. [PMID: 36845743 PMCID: PMC9948393 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1081333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate RING-Finger Protein 6 (RNF6) expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells and whether it affects cell proliferation, invasion, and migration by regulating the TGF-β1/c-Myb pathway. Methods TCGA database was used to analyze RNF6 expression in normal tissues and esophageal cancer tissues. Kaplan-Meier method was used to examine the correlation between RNF6 expression and patient prognosis. SiRNA interference vector and RNF6 overexpression plasmid were constructed, and RNF6 was transfected into Eca-109 and KYSE-150 esophageal cancer cell line. In vitro scratch assay and Transwell assay were conducted to investigate the effects of RNF6 on the migration and invasion of Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells. RT-PCR detected the expression of Snail, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin, and TUNEL detected the apoptosis of cells. Results RNF6 up-regulation promoted the progression of esophageal cancer and predicted poor prognosis. RNF6 also enhanced the migration and invasion of ESCC cells in vitro. RNF6 silencing inhibited the migration and invasion of ESCC cells. TGF-β inhibitors reversed the oncogenic effects of RNF6. RNF6 regulated the migration and invasion of ESCC cells by activating the TGF-β pathway. RNF6/TGF-β1 promoted esophageal cancer progression through c-Myb. Conclusion RNF6 promotes the proliferation, invasion, and migration of ESCC cells possibly by activating the TGF-β1/c-Myb pathway and affects the progression of ESCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingge Cheng
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kun Wu
- The Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qian Yang
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, Han Dan Central Hospital, Handan, China
| | - Ziming Zhu
- The Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Hospital of Xingtai, Xingtai, China
| | - Hongye Zhao
- The Department of Dermatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Hongye Zhao,
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ge Q, Shi Z, Zou KA, Ying J, Chen J, Yuan W, Wang W, Xiao L, Lin X, Chen D, Feng XH, Wang PE, Tong P, Jin H. Protein phosphatase PPM1A inhibition attenuates osteoarthritis via regulating TGF-β/Smad2 signaling in chondrocytes. JCI Insight 2023; 8:166688. [PMID: 36752205 PMCID: PMC9926971 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.166688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
TGF-β signaling is crucial for modulating osteoarthritis (OA), and protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1A (PPM1A) has been reported as a phosphatase of SMAD2 and regulates TGF-β signaling, while the role of PPM1A in cartilage homeostasis and OA development remains largely unexplored. In this study, we found increased PPM1A expression in OA chondrocytes and confirmed the interaction between PPM1A and phospho-SMAD2 (p-SMAD2). Importantly, our data show that PPM1A KO substantially protected mice treated with destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM) surgery against cartilage degeneration and subchondral sclerosis. Additionally, PPM1A ablation reduced the cartilage catabolism and cell apoptosis after the DMM operation. Moreover, p-SMAD2 expression in chondrocytes from KO mice was higher than that in WT controls with DMM induction. However, intraarticular injection with SD-208, repressing TGF-β/SMAD2 signaling, dramatically abolished protective phenotypes in PPM1A-KO mice. Finally, a specific pharmacologic PPM1A inhibitor, Sanguinarine chloride (SC) or BC-21, was able to ameliorate OA severity in C57BL/6J mice. In summary, our study identified PPM1A as a pivotal regulator of cartilage homeostasis and demonstrated that PPM1A inhibition attenuates OA progression via regulating TGF-β/SMAD2 signaling in chondrocytes and provided PPM1A as a potential target for OA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinwen Ge
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kai-ao Zou
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,The First College of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Ying
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Yuan
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Luwei Xiao
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Lin
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di Chen
- Research Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute and
| | - Ping-er Wang
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peijian Tong
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongting Jin
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Malod-Dognin N, Ceddia G, Gvozdenov M, Tomić B, Dunjić Manevski S, Djordjević V, Pržulj N. A phenotype driven integrative framework uncovers molecular mechanisms of a rare hereditary thrombophilia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284084. [PMID: 37098010 PMCID: PMC10128975 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Antithrombin resistance is a rare subtype of hereditary thrombophilia caused by prothrombin gene variants, leading to thrombotic disorders. Recently, the Prothrombin Belgrade variant has been reported as a specific variant that leads to antithrombin resistance in two Serbian families with thrombosis. However, due to clinical data scarcity and the inapplicability of traditional genome-wide association studies (GWAS), a broader perspective on molecular and phenotypic mechanisms associated with the Prothrombin Belgrade variant is yet to be uncovered. Here, we propose an integrative framework to address the lack of genomic samples and support the genomic signal from the full genome sequences of five heterozygous subjects by integrating it with subjects' phenotypes and the genes' molecular interactions. Our goal is to identify candidate thrombophilia-related genes for which our subjects possess germline variants by focusing on the resulting gene clusters of our integrative framework. We applied a Non-negative Matrix Tri-Factorization-based method to simultaneously integrate different data sources, taking into account the observed phenotypes. In other words, our data-integration framework reveals gene clusters involved with this rare disease by fusing different datasets. Our results are in concordance with the current literature about antithrombin resistance. We also found candidate disease-related genes that need to be further investigated. CD320, RTEL1, UCP2, APOA5 and PROZ participate in healthy-specific or disease-specific subnetworks involving thrombophilia-annotated genes and are related to general thrombophilia mechanisms according to the literature. Moreover, the ADRA2A and TBXA2R subnetworks analysis suggested that their variants may have a protective effect due to their connection with decreased platelet activation. The results show that our method can give insights into antithrombin resistance even if a small amount of genetic data is available. Our framework is also customizable, meaning that it applies to any other rare disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noël Malod-Dognin
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gaia Ceddia
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maja Gvozdenov
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branko Tomić
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sofija Dunjić Manevski
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Valentina Djordjević
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering (IMGGE), University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nataša Pržulj
- Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Computer Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Li Q, Huo Y, Wang S, Yang L, Li Q, Du X. TGF-β1 regulates the lncRNA transcriptome of ovarian granulosa cells in a transcription activity-dependent manner. Cell Prolif 2023; 56:e13336. [PMID: 36125095 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1), an essential cytokine belongs to TGF-β superfamily, is crucial for female fertility. Increasing evidence show that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) influence the state of granulosa cells (GCs). This study aimed to detect the effects of TGF-β1 on the lncRNA transcriptome, and investigate whether lncRNAs mediate the functions of TGF-β1 in GCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS RNA-seq and bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify and characterize the differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs). The regulatory mechanism of TGF-β1 to lncRNA transcriptome was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. The effects of lncRNAs on the antiapoptotic and proproliferative functions of TGF-β1 were examined by morphological analysis, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, Cell Counting Kit-8, and Western blot. RESULTS A total of 72 DElncRNAs highly sensitive to TGF-β1 were identified with the criteria of |log2 (fold chage)| ≥ 3 and false discovery rate < 0.05. Functional assessment showed that DElncRNAs were enriched in TGF-β, nuclear factor kappa B, p53, and Hippo pathways which are crucial for the normal state and function of GCs. Importantly, SMAD4 is essential for the regulation of TGF-β1 to lncRNA transcriptome. In vitro studies confirmed that TGF-β1 induced TEX14-IT1 transcription in a SMAD4-dependent manner, and TEX14-IT1 mediated the antiapoptotic and proproliferative effects of TGF-β1 in GCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that TGF-β1 alters lncRNA transcriptome in a SMAD4-dependent manner, and highlight that lncRNAs mediate the functions of TGF-β1 in GCs, which contribute to a better understanding of the epigenetic regulation of female fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Li
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangan Huo
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qifa Li
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xing Du
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Epigenetics, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Yi M, Li T, Niu M, Wu Y, Zhao Z, Wu K. TGF-β: A novel predictor and target for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1061394. [PMID: 36601124 PMCID: PMC9807229 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1061394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling regulates multiple physiological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, immune homeostasis, and wound healing. Besides, TGF-β plays a vital role in diseases, including cancer. Accumulating evidence indicates that TGF-β controls the composition and behavior of immune components in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Advanced cancers leverage TGF-β to reshape the TME and escape immune surveillance. TGF-β-mediated immune evasion is an unfavorable factor for cancer immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). Numerous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that hyperactive TGF-β signaling is closely associated with ICI resistance. It has been validated that TGF-β blockade synergizes with ICI and overcomes treatment resistance. TGF-β-targeted therapies, including trap and bispecific antibodies, have shown immense potential for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we summarized the predictive value of TGF-β signaling and the prospects of TGF-β-targeted therapies for cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianye Li
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengke Niu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuze Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Kongming Wu, ; Zhenyu Zhao,
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Kongming Wu, ; Zhenyu Zhao,
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liu J, Jin J, Liang T, Feng XH. To Ub or not to Ub: a regulatory question in TGF-β signaling. Trends Biochem Sci 2022; 47:1059-1072. [PMID: 35810076 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) superfamily controls a wide spectrum of biological processes in metazoans, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, cell-fate determination, and embryonic development. Deregulation of TGF-β-Smad signaling contributes to developmental anomalies and a variety of disorders and diseases such as tumorigenesis, fibrotic disorders, and immune diseases. In cancer, TGF-β has dual effects through its antiproliferative and prometastatic actions. At the cellular level, TGF-β functions mainly through the canonical Smad-dependent pathway in a cell type-specific and context-dependent manner. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that ubiquitination plays a vital role in regulating TGF-β-Smad signaling. We summarize current progress on ubiquitination (Ub) and the ubiquitin ligases that regulate TGF-β-Smad signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Liu
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jianping Jin
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Mirjačić Martinović K, Vuletić A, Mališić E, Srdić-Rajić T, Tišma Miletić N, Babović N, Jurišić V. Increased circulating TGF-β1 is associated with impairment in NK cell effector functions in metastatic melanoma patients. Growth Factors 2022; 40:231-239. [PMID: 36129407 DOI: 10.1080/08977194.2022.2124915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) plays a complex role in carcinogenesis. In 30 melanoma patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) we analysed functional and phenotypic characteristics of NK cells by Flow cytometry, gene expression of TGF-β1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by qPCR and serum and supernatant level of free TGF-β1 by ELISA. Melanoma patients had significantly higher serum level of circulatingTGF-β1 compared to HC, especially those with metastasis into the central nervous system (subclass M1d) and high LDH serum values. Melanoma patients compared to HC had significantly higher level of TGF-β1 gene in PBMC. TGF-β1 serum values negatively correlate with NK cell activity analysed by CD107a (degranulation marker), IFN-γ, NKG2D, and NKp46 in patients. Study shows the association of high level of TGF-β1 with NK cell inhibition in patients represents the main mechanism of tumour immune evasion. Targeting TGF-β may become an important cancer treatment for improving antitumor immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Vuletić
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Emina Mališić
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Srdić-Rajić
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nevena Tišma Miletić
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nada Babović
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institute of Oncology and Radiology of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jurišić
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhou M, Graves DT. Impact of the host response and osteoblast lineage cells on periodontal disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:998244. [PMID: 36304447 PMCID: PMC9592920 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.998244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis involves the loss of connective tissue attachment and alveolar bone. Single cell RNA-seq experiments have provided new insight into how resident cells and infiltrating immune cells function in response to bacterial challenge in periodontal tissues. Periodontal disease is induced by a combined innate and adaptive immune response to bacterial dysbiosis that is initiated by resident cells including epithelial cells and fibroblasts, which recruit immune cells. Chemokines and cytokines stimulate recruitment of osteoclast precursors and osteoclastogenesis in response to TNF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, RANKL and other factors. Inflammation also suppresses coupled bone formation to limit repair of osteolytic lesions. Bone lining cells, osteocytes and periodontal ligament cells play a key role in both processes. The periodontal ligament contains cells that exhibit similarities to tendon cells, osteoblast-lineage cells and mesenchymal stem cells. Bone lining cells consisting of mesenchymal stem cells, osteoprogenitors and osteoblasts are influenced by osteocytes and stimulate formation of osteoclast precursors through MCSF and RANKL, which directly induce osteoclastogenesis. Following bone resorption, factors are released from resorbed bone matrix and by osteoclasts and osteal macrophages that recruit osteoblast precursors to the resorbed bone surface. Osteoblast differentiation and coupled bone formation are regulated by multiple signaling pathways including Wnt, Notch, FGF, IGF-1, BMP, and Hedgehog pathways. Diabetes, cigarette smoking and aging enhance the pathologic processes to increase bone resorption and inhibit coupled bone formation to accelerate bone loss. Other bone pathologies such as rheumatoid arthritis, post-menopausal osteoporosis and bone unloading/disuse also affect osteoblast lineage cells and participate in formation of osteolytic lesions by promoting bone resorption and inhibiting coupled bone formation. Thus, periodontitis involves the activation of an inflammatory response that involves a large number of cells to stimulate bone resorption and limit osseous repair processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhou
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan, China
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dana T. Graves
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- *Correspondence: Dana T. Graves,
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jdeed S, Lengyel M, Uray IP. Redistribution of the SWI/SNF Complex Dictates Coordinated Transcriptional Control over Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition of Normal Breast Cells through TGF-β Signaling. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172633. [PMID: 36078038 PMCID: PMC9454592 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic targets in cancer cells defective for the tumor suppressor ARID1A are fundamentals of synthetic lethal strategies. However, whether modulating ARID1A function in premalignant breast epithelial cells could be exploited to reduce carcinogenic potential remains to be elucidated. In search of chromatin-modulating mechanisms activated by anti-proliferative agents in normal breast epithelial (HME-hTert) cells, we identified a distinct pattern of genome-wide H3K27 histone acetylation marks characteristic for the combined treatment by the cancer preventive rexinoid bexarotene (Bex) and carvedilol (Carv). Among these marks, several enhancers functionally linked to TGF-β signaling were enriched for ARID1A and Brg1, subunits within the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex. The recruitment of ARID1A and Brg1 was associated with the suppression of TGFBR2, KLF4, and FoxQ1, and the induction of BMP6, while the inverse pattern ensued upon the knock-down of ARID1A. Bex+Carv treatment resulted in fewer cells expressing N-cadherin and dictated a more epithelial phenotype. However, the silencing of ARID1A expression reversed the ability of Bex and Carv to limit epithelial–mesenchymal transition. The nuclear levels of SMAD4, a canonical mediator of TGF-β action, were more effectively suppressed by the combination than by TGF-β. In contrast, TGF-β treatment exceeded the ability of Bex+Carv to lower nuclear FoxQ1 levels and induced markedly higher E-cadherin positivity, indicating a target-selective antagonism of Bex+Carv to TGF-β action. In summary, the chromatin-wide redistribution of ARID1A by Bex and Carv treatment is instrumental in the suppression of genes mediating TGF-β signaling, and, thus, the morphologic reprogramming of normal breast epithelial cells. The concerted engagement of functionally linked targets using low toxicity clinical agents represents an attractive new approach for cancer interception.
Collapse
|
40
|
Zheng L, Guan Z, Xue M. TGF-β Signaling Pathway-Based Model to Predict the Subtype and Prognosis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:862860. [PMID: 35586572 PMCID: PMC9108263 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.862860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Although immunotherapy with immune checkpoint therapy has been used to treat head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), response rates and treatment sensitivity remain limited. Recent studies have indicated that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) may be an important target for novel cancer immunotherapies. Materials and methods: We collected genomic profile data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator method and Cox regression were used to establish a prognostic model. Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to explore biological functions. Tracking of indels by decomposition and subclass mapping algorithms were adopted to evaluate immunotherapy efficiency. Result: We established a seven TGF-β pathway-associated gene signature with good prediction efficiency. The high-risk score subgroup mainly showed enrichment in tumor-associated signaling such as hypoxia and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathways; This subgroup was also associated with tumor progression. The low-risk score subgroup was more sensitive to immunotherapy and the high-risk score subgroup to cisplatin, erlotinib, paclitaxel, and crizotinib. Conclusion: The TGF-β pathway signature gene model provides a novel perspective for evaluating effectiveness pre-immunotherapy and may guide further studies of precision immuno-oncology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenjie Guan
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenjie Guan, ; Miaomiao Xue,
| | - Miaomiao Xue
- Department of General Dentistry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenjie Guan, ; Miaomiao Xue,
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Pei H, Guo W, Peng Y, Xiong H, Chen Y. Targeting key proteins involved in transcriptional regulation for cancer therapy: Current strategies and future prospective. Med Res Rev 2022; 42:1607-1660. [PMID: 35312190 DOI: 10.1002/med.21886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The key proteins involved in transcriptional regulation play convergent roles in cellular homeostasis, and their dysfunction mediates aberrant gene expressions that underline the hallmarks of tumorigenesis. As tumor progression is dependent on such abnormal regulation of transcription, it is important to discover novel chemical entities as antitumor drugs that target key tumor-associated proteins involved in transcriptional regulation. Despite most key proteins (especially transcription factors) involved in transcriptional regulation are historically recognized as undruggable targets, multiple targeting approaches at diverse levels of transcriptional regulation, such as epigenetic intervention, inhibition of DNA-binding of transcriptional factors, and inhibition of the protein-protein interactions (PPIs), have been established in preclinically or clinically studies. In addition, several new approaches have recently been described, such as targeting proteasomal degradation and eliciting synthetic lethality. This review will emphasize on accentuating these developing therapeutic approaches and provide a thorough conspectus of the drug development to target key proteins involved in transcriptional regulation and their impact on future oncotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haixiang Pei
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weikai Guo
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,Joint National Laboratory for Antibody Drug Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yangrui Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Xiong
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University and Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lu J, Yu L, Shi J. Low-dose paclitaxel modulates the cross talk between the JNK and Smad signaling in primary biliary fibroblasts. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:159-164. [PMID: 35239875 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20210777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism underlying the occurrence of benign bile duct stricture and the target of low-dose paclitaxel in the prevention of benign bile duct stricture. METHODS Under the stimulation of transforming growth factor beta 1, the expression of collagen type I and connective tissue growth factor were detected on isolated primary fibroblasts. The phosphorylation levels of JNK and Smad2L were detected using Western blot. The effect of low-dose paclitaxel on the transforming growth factor beta 1-induced inhibition of type I collagen and connective tissue growth factor expression and JNK and Smad2L phosphorylation was also observed. RESULTS Transforming growth factor beta 1 induced the secretion of type I collagen and connective tissue growth factor as well as JNK phosphorylation in biliary fibroblasts. The JNK inhibitor or siRNA-Smad2 inhibited the transforming growth factor beta 1-induced secretion of type I collagen and connective tissue growth factor. Low-dose paclitaxel inhibited the expression of type I collagen induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 and may inhibit the secretion of collagen in biliary fibroblasts. CONCLUSION The activation of JNK/Smad2L induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 is involved in the occurrence of benign bile duct stricture that is mediated by the overexpression of type I collagen and connective tissue growth factor, and low-dose paclitaxel may inhibit the phosphorylation of JNK/Smad2L.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Lu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Nephrology - Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery - Xi'an, China
| | - Jianhua Shi
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery - Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Liu Y, Li M, Lv X, Bao K, Yu Tian X, He L, Shi L, Zhu Y, Ai D. YAP Targets the TGFβ Pathway to Mediate High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet-Induced Arterial Stiffness. Circ Res 2022; 130:851-867. [PMID: 35176871 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.320464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is related to cardiovascular diseases, which is attributed in part, to arterial stiffness; however, the mechanisms remain unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of metabolic syndrome-induced arterial stiffness and to identify new therapeutic targets. METHODS Arterial stiffness was induced by high-fat/high-sucrose diet in mice, which was quantified by Doppler ultrasound. Four-dimensional label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, affinity purification and mass spectrometry, and immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down experiments were performed to explore the mechanism of YAP (Yes-associated protein)-mediated TGF (transforming growth factor) β pathway activation. RESULTS YAP protein was upregulated in the aortic tunica media of mice fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet for 2 weeks and precedes arterial stiffness. Smooth muscle cell-specific YAP knockdown attenuated high-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced arterial stiffness and activation of TGFβ-Smad2/3 signaling pathway in arteries. By contrast, Myh11CreERT2-YapTg mice exhibited exacerbated high-fat/high-sucrose diet-induced arterial stiffness and enhanced TGFβ-activated Smad2/3 phosphorylation in arteries. PPM1B (protein phosphatase, Mg2+/Mn2+-dependent 1B) was identified as a YAP-bound phosphatase that translocates into the nucleus to dephosphorylate Smads in response to TGFβ. This process was inhibited by YAP through removal of the K63-linked ubiquitin chain of PPM1B at K326. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a new mechanism by which smooth muscle cell YAP regulates the TGFβ pathway and a potential therapeutic target in metabolic syndrome-associated arterial stiffness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, China. (Y.L., X.L., D.A.)
| | - Mengke Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China. (M.L., Y.Z., D.A.)
| | - Xue Lv
- Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, China. (Y.L., X.L., D.A.)
| | - Kaiwen Bao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, China. (K.B., L.S.)
| | - Xiao Yu Tian
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong (X.Y.T., L.H.)
| | - Lei He
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong (X.Y.T., L.H.)
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, China. (K.B., L.S.)
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China. (M.L., Y.Z., D.A.)
| | - Ding Ai
- Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, China. (Y.L., X.L., D.A.).,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, China. (M.L., Y.Z., D.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
The Bright and the Dark Side of TGF-β Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Mechanisms, Dysregulation, and Therapeutic Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040940. [PMID: 35205692 PMCID: PMC8870127 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling is a preeminent regulator of diverse cellular and physiological processes. Frequent dysregulation of TGF-β signaling has been implicated in cancer. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, the autocrine and paracrine effects of TGF-β have paradoxical implications. While acting as a potent tumor suppressor pathway in the early stages of malignancy, TGF-β diverts to a promoter of tumor progression in the late stages, reflecting its bright and dark natures, respectively. Within this context, targeting TGF-β represents a promising therapeutic option for HCC treatment. We discuss here the molecular properties of TGF-β signaling in HCC, attempting to provide an overview of its effects on tumor cells and the stroma. We also seek to evaluate the dysregulation mechanisms that mediate the functional switch of TGF-β from a tumor suppressor to a pro-tumorigenic signal. Finally, we reconcile its biphasic nature with the therapeutic implications. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with genetic and nongenetic aberrations that impact multiple genes and pathways, including the frequently dysregulated transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway. The regulatory cytokine TGF-β and its signaling effectors govern a broad spectrum of spatiotemporally regulated molecular and cellular responses, yet paradoxically have dual and opposing roles in HCC progression. In the early stages of tumorigenesis, TGF-β signaling enforces profound tumor-suppressive effects, primarily by inducing cell cycle arrest, cellular senescence, autophagy, and apoptosis. However, as the tumor advances in malignant progression, TGF-β functionally switches to a pro-tumorigenic signal, eliciting aggressive tumor traits, such as epithelial–mesenchymal transition, tumor microenvironment remodeling, and immune evasion of cancer cells. On this account, the inhibition of TGF-β signaling is recognized as a promising therapeutic strategy for advanced HCC. In this review, we evaluate the functions and mechanisms of TGF-β signaling and relate its complex and pleiotropic biology to HCC pathophysiology, attempting to provide a detailed perspective on the molecular determinants underlying its functional diversion. We also address the therapeutic implications of the dichotomous nature of TGF-β signaling and highlight the rationale for targeting this pathway for HCC treatment, alone or in combination with other agents.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhou J, Dabiri Y, Gama-Brambila RA, Ghafoory S, Altinbay M, Mehrabi A, Golriz M, Blagojevic B, Reuter S, Han K, Seidel A, Đikić I, Wölfl S, Cheng X. pVHL-mediated SMAD3 degradation suppresses TGF-β signaling. J Cell Biol 2022; 221:212891. [PMID: 34860252 PMCID: PMC8650352 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202012097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling plays a fundamental role in metazoan development and tissue homeostasis. However, the molecular mechanisms concerning the ubiquitin-related dynamic regulation of TGF-β signaling are not thoroughly understood. Using a combination of proteomics and an siRNA screen, we identify pVHL as an E3 ligase for SMAD3 ubiquitination. We show that pVHL directly interacts with conserved lysine and proline residues in the MH2 domain of SMAD3, triggering degradation. As a result, the level of pVHL expression negatively correlates with the expression and activity of SMAD3 in cells, Drosophila wing, and patient tissues. In Drosophila, loss of pVHL leads to the up-regulation of TGF-β targets visible in a downward wing blade phenotype, which is rescued by inhibition of SMAD activity. Drosophila pVHL expression exhibited ectopic veinlets and reduced wing growth in a similar manner as upon loss of TGF-β/SMAD signaling. Thus, our study demonstrates a conserved role of pVHL in the regulation of TGF-β/SMAD3 signaling in human cells and Drosophila wing development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, China.,Division of Signaling and Functional Genomics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, German Cancer Research Center and Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yasamin Dabiri
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rodrigo A Gama-Brambila
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Shahrouz Ghafoory
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mukaddes Altinbay
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Arianeb Mehrabi
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mohammad Golriz
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Biljana Blagojevic
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Reuter
- Universitätsklinikum Jena, Klinik für Innere Medizin III, Jena, Germany
| | - Kang Han
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anna Seidel
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ivan Đikić
- Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stefan Wölfl
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Xinlai Cheng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhao S, Zhang X, Chen S, Zhang S. Long noncoding RNAs: fine-tuners hidden in the cancer signaling network. Cell Death Dis 2021; 7:283. [PMID: 34635646 PMCID: PMC8505617 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
With the development of sequencing technology, a large number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in addition to coding genes. LncRNAs, originally considered as junk RNA, are dysregulated in various types of cancer. Although protein-coding signaling pathways underlie various biological activities, and abnormal signal transduction is a key trigger and indicator for tumorigenesis and cancer progression, lncRNAs are sparking keen interest due to their versatile roles in fine-tuning signaling pathways. We are just beginning to scratch the surface of lncRNAs. Therefore, despite the fact that lncRNAs drive malignant phenotypes from multiple perspectives, in this review, we focus on important signaling pathways modulated by lncRNAs in cancer to demonstrate an up-to-date understanding of this emerging field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Diseases and Fertility Remodeling of Liaoning Province, Reproductive Medicine Center, Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, 110022 Shenyang, Liaoning China
| | - Xue Zhang
- grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Epigenetics, China Medical University, 110122 Shenyang, Liaoning China
| | - Shuo Chen
- grid.417009.b0000 0004 1758 4591Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research Office, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 510150 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Song Zhang
- grid.412636.4Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 110001 Shenyang, Liaoning China ,grid.412449.e0000 0000 9678 1884Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, 110122 Shenyang, Liaoning China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
LHPP suppresses colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting Smad3 phosphorylation in the TGF-β pathway. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:273. [PMID: 34608127 PMCID: PMC8490460 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The roles of phospholysine phosphohistidine inorganic pyrophosphate phosphatase (LHPP) in tumorigenesis have been recently proven in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), cervical, pancreatic, bladder, and thyroid cancers. Previous research demonstrated that LHPP repressed cell proliferation and growth by inactivating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. However, the functions and potential mechanisms of LHPP as a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis are still unknown. Consequently, the Transwell assay and xenograft nude model showed that LHPP inhibited migration and invasion of CRC cells in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The expression of total and nuclear epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins were significantly reduced after LHPP upregulation. Human Gene Expression Array and IPA (Ingenuity Pathway Analysis) commercial software were applied to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and potential cell signaling pathways. A total of 330 different genes were observed, including 177 upregulated genes and 153 downregulated genes. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway was highly inactivated in this study. Then, Smad3 phosphorylation was apparently decreased, whereas Smad7 expression was markedly enhanced after upregulating LHPP expression. These results were proven once again after TGF-β1 stimulation. Furthermore, a specific inhibitor of Smad3 phosphorylation (SIS3) was applied to verify that LHPP repressed EMT of cancer cells by attenuating TGF-β/Smad signaling. The results suggested that suppression of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway by LHPP overexpression could be abolished by SIS3.
Collapse
|
48
|
Yu B, Luo F, Sun B, Liu W, Shi Q, Cheng S, Chen C, Chen G, Li Y, Feng H. KAT6A Acetylation of SMAD3 Regulates Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell Recruitment, Metastasis, and Immunotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100014. [PMID: 34392614 PMCID: PMC8529494 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant SMAD3 activation has been implicated as a driving event in cancer metastasis, yet the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Here, SMAD3 is identified as a nonhistone substrate of lysine acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A). The acetylation of SMAD3 at K20 and K117 by KAT6A promotes SMAD3 association with oncogenic chromatin modifier tripartite motif-containing 24 (TRIM24) and disrupts SMAD3 interaction with tumor suppressor TRIM33. This event in turn promotes KAT6A-acetylated H3K23-mediated recruitment of TRIM24-SMAD3 complex to chromatin and thereby increases SMAD3 activation and immune response-related cytokine expression, leading to enhanced breast cancer stem-like cell stemness, myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) recruitment, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) metastasis. Inhibiting KAT6A in combination with anti-PD-L1 therapy in treating TNBC xenograft-bearing animals markedly attenuates metastasis and provides a significant survival benefit. Thus, the work presents a KAT6A acetylation-dependent regulatory mechanism governing SMAD3 oncogenic function and provides insight into how targeting an epigenetic factor with immunotherapies enhances the antimetastasis efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterRen Ji HospitalShanghai Cancer InstituteSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Fei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterRen Ji HospitalShanghai Cancer InstituteSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Bowen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterRen Ji HospitalShanghai Cancer InstituteSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Wenxue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterRen Ji HospitalShanghai Cancer InstituteSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Qiqi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterRen Ji HospitalShanghai Cancer InstituteSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Shi‐Yuan Cheng
- Department of NeurologyLou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor InstituteThe Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterSimpson Querrey Institute for EpigeneticsNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIL60611USA
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan ProvinceKunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming650223China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterRen Ji HospitalShanghai Cancer InstituteSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Yanxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Ministry of HealthDepartment of Hematology and OncologyShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| | - Haizhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRenji‐Med X Clinical Stem Cell Research CenterRen Ji HospitalShanghai Cancer InstituteSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Kwon W, Choi SK, Kim D, Kim HG, Park JK, Han JE, Cho GJ, Yun S, Yu W, Han SH, Ha YS, Lee JN, Kwon TG, Cho DH, Yi JK, Kim MO, Ryoo ZY, Park S. ZNF507 affects TGF-β signaling via TGFBR1 and MAP3K8 activation in the progression of prostate cancer to an aggressive state. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:291. [PMID: 34537073 PMCID: PMC8449443 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02094-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background The progression of prostate cancer (PC) to the highly aggressive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) or neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is a fatal condition and the underlying molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we identified the novel transcriptional factor ZNF507 as a key mediator in the progression of PC to an aggressive state. Methods We analyzed ZNF507 expression in the data from various human PC database and high-grade PC patient samples. By establishment of ZNF507 knockdown and overexpression human PC cell lines, we assessed in vitro PC phenotype changes including cell proliferation, survival, migration and invasion. By performing microarray with ZNF507 knockdown PC cells, we profiled the gene clusters affected by ZNF507 knockdown. Moreover, ZNF507 regulated key signal was evaluated by dual-luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. Finally, we performed xenograft and in vivo metastasis assay to confirm the effect of ZNF507 knockdown in PC cells. Results We found that ZNF507 expression was increased, particularly in the highly graded PC. ZNF507 was also found to be associated with metastatic PC of a high grade. Loss- or gain-of-function–based analysis revealed that ZNF507 promotes the growth, survival, proliferation, and metastatic properties of PC (e.g., epithelial-mesenchymal transition) by upregulating TGF-β signaling. Profiling of gene clusters affected by ZNF507 knockdown revealed that ZNF507 positively regulated the transcription of TGFBR1, MAP3K8, and FURIN, which in turn promoted the progression of PC to highly metastatic and aggressive state. Conclusions Our findings suggest that ZNF507 is a novel key regulator of TGF-β signaling in the progression of malignant PC and could be a promising target for studying the development of advanced metastatic PCs. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-02094-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wookbong Kwon
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyoon Choi
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daehwan Kim
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Division of Biotechnology, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,School of Life Science, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative Bioresearch, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Gyeom Kim
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Kyu Park
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jee Eun Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, Daegu, Korea
| | - Gil-Jae Cho
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sungho Yun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 41566, Daegu, Korea
| | - Wookyung Yu
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hyeon Han
- School of Media Communication, Hanyang University, Wangsimni-ro 222, Seongdong- gu, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of News-team, SBS (Seoul Broadcasting System), Mokdongseo-ro 161, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun-Sok Ha
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jun Nyung Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Tae Gyun Kwon
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- School of Life Science, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative Bioresearch, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.,Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University, 41566, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Koo Yi
- Gyeongsangbuk-do Livestock Research institute, Yeongju, South Korea
| | - Myoung Ok Kim
- Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, ITRD, Kyungpook National University, 37224, Sangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Zae Young Ryoo
- School of Life Science, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative Bioresearch, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
| | - Song Park
- Core Protein Resources Center, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, DGIST, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Liu Q, Zhang L, Zhu MS, Wan G. High-throughput screening on cochlear organoids identifies VEGFR-MEK-TGFB1 signaling promoting hair cell reprogramming. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:2257-2273. [PMID: 34525385 PMCID: PMC8452601 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hair cell degeneration is a major cause of sensorineural hearing loss. Hair cells in mammalian cochlea do not spontaneously regenerate, posing a great challenge for restoration of hearing. Here, we establish a robust, high-throughput cochlear organoid platform that facilitates 3D expansion of cochlear progenitor cells and differentiation of hair cells in a temporally regulated manner. High-throughput screening of the FDA-approved drug library identified regorafenib, a VEGFR inhibitor, as a potent small molecule for hair cell differentiation. Regorafenib also promotes reprogramming and maturation of hair cells in both normal and neomycin-damaged cochlear explants. Mechanistically, inhibition of VEGFR suppresses TGFB1 expression via the MEK pathway and TGFB1 downregulation directly mediates the effect of regorafenib on hair cell reprogramming. Our study not only demonstrates the power of a cochlear organoid platform in high-throughput analyses of hair cell physiology but also highlights VEGFR-MEK-TGFB1 signaling crosstalk as a potential target for hair cell regeneration and hearing restoration. Cochlear organoids can be derived from both LGR5+ and LGR5– supporting cells HTS using cochlear organoids identifies regorafenib for hair cell differentiation Regorafenib promotes hair cell reprogramming and maturation in cochlear explants Regorafenib acts via a NOTCH-independent and VEGFR-MEK-TGFB1-dependent mechanism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Linqing Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Min-Sheng Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China
| | - Guoqiang Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School, Model Animal Research Center of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China; Research Institute of Otolaryngology, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, 210008 Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China; Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210032, China.
| |
Collapse
|