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Negri S, Faris P, Moccia F. Reactive Oxygen Species and Endothelial Ca 2+ Signaling: Brothers in Arms or Partners in Crime? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189821. [PMID: 34575985 PMCID: PMC8465413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) controls virtually all endothelial cell functions and is, therefore, crucial to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. An aberrant elevation in endothelial can indeed lead to severe cardiovascular disorders. Likewise, moderate amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce intracellular Ca2+ signals to regulate vascular functions, while excessive ROS production may exploit dysregulated Ca2+ dynamics to induce endothelial injury. Herein, we survey how ROS induce endothelial Ca2+ signals to regulate vascular functions and, vice versa, how aberrant ROS generation may exploit the Ca2+ handling machinery to promote endothelial dysfunction. ROS elicit endothelial Ca2+ signals by regulating inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors, sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2B, two-pore channels, store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), and multiple isoforms of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. ROS-induced endothelial Ca2+ signals regulate endothelial permeability, angiogenesis, and generation of vasorelaxing mediators and can be exploited to induce therapeutic angiogenesis, rescue neurovascular coupling, and induce cancer regression. However, an increase in endothelial [Ca2+]i induced by aberrant ROS formation may result in endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, and pulmonary artery hypertension. This information could pave the way to design alternative treatments to interfere with the life-threatening interconnection between endothelial ROS and Ca2+ signaling under multiple pathological conditions.
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Komici K, Faris P, Negri S, Rosti V, García-Carrasco M, Mendoza-Pinto C, Berra-Romani R, Cervera R, Guerra G, Moccia F. Systemic lupus erythematosus, endothelial progenitor cells and intracellular Ca2+ signaling: A novel approach for an old disease. J Autoimmun 2020; 112:102486. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Oxidative stress facilitates cell death by inhibiting Orai1-mediated Ca 2+ entry in brain capillary endothelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 523:153-158. [PMID: 31839216 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) form the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and play an essential role in the regulation of its functions. Oxidative stress accumulates excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and facilitates the death of BCECs, leading to a dysfunctional BBB. However, the mechanisms underlying the death of BCECs under oxidative stress remain unclear. In the present study, the effects of oxidative stress on cell viability, ROS production, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and protein expression were examined using a cell line derived from bovine BCECs, t-BBEC117. When t-BBEC117 cells were exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 10-100 μM), cell growth was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. Oxidative stress by 30 μM H2O2 increased the production of ROS and its effects were blocked by the ROS scavenger, 10 mM N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). In addition, oxidative stress reduced store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and this decrease was recovered by NAC or the Orai channel activator, 5 μM 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB). The siRNA knockdown of Orai1 revealed that Orai1 was mainly responsible for SOCE channels and its activity was decreased by oxidative stress. However, the protein expression of Orai1 and STIM1 was not affected by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress-induced cell death was rescued by 2-APB, NAC, or the STIM-Orai activating region. In conclusion, oxidative stress reduces Orai1-mediated SOCE and, thus, facilitates the death of BCECs.
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Weise-Cross L, Resta TC, Jernigan NL. Redox Regulation of Ion Channels and Receptors in Pulmonary Hypertension. Antioxid Redox Signal 2019; 31:898-915. [PMID: 30569735 PMCID: PMC7061297 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2018.7699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by elevated vascular resistance due to vasoconstriction and remodeling of the normally low-pressure pulmonary vasculature. Redox stress contributes to the pathophysiology of this disease by altering the regulation and activity of membrane receptors, K+ channels, and intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis. Recent Advances: Antioxidant therapies have had limited success in treating PH, leading to a growing appreciation that reductive stress, in addition to oxidative stress, plays a role in metabolic and cell signaling dysfunction in pulmonary vascular cells. Reactive oxygen species generation from mitochondria and NADPH oxidases has substantial effects on K+ conductance and membrane potential, and both receptor-operated and store-operated Ca2+ entry. Critical Issues: Some specific redox changes resulting from oxidation, S-nitrosylation, and S-glutathionylation are known to modulate membrane receptor and ion channel activity in PH. However, many sites of regulation that have been elucidated in nonpulmonary cell types have not been tested in the pulmonary vasculature, and context-specific molecular mechanisms are lacking. Future Directions: Here, we review what is known about redox regulation of membrane receptors and ion channels in PH. Further investigation of the mechanisms involved is needed to better understand the etiology of PH and develop better targeted treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Weise-Cross
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Thomas C. Resta
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Nikki L. Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Tanshinone IIA exerts neuroprotective effects on hippocampus-dependent cognitive impairments in diabetic rats by attenuating ER stress-induced apoptosis. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 104:530-536. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Groschner K, Shrestha N, Fameli N. Cardiovascular and Hemostatic Disorders: SOCE in Cardiovascular Cells: Emerging Targets for Therapeutic Intervention. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 993:473-503. [PMID: 28900929 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) phenomenon is tightly associated with its recognition as a pathway of high (patho)physiological significance in the cardiovascular system. Early on, SOCE has been investigated primarily in non-excitable cell types, and the vascular endothelium received particular attention, while a role of SOCE in excitable cells, specifically cardiac myocytes and pacemakers, was initially ignored and remains largely enigmatic even to date. With the recent gain in knowledge on the molecular components of SOCE as well as their cellular organization within nanodomains, potential tissue/cell type-dependent heterogeneity of the SOCE machinery along with high specificity of linkage to downstream signaling pathways emerged for cardiovascular cells. The basis of precise decoding of cellular Ca2+ signals was recently uncovered to involve correct spatiotemporal organization of signaling components, and even minor disturbances in these assemblies trigger cardiovascular pathologies. With this chapter, we wish to provide an overview on current concepts of cellular organization of SOCE signaling complexes in cardiovascular cells with particular focus on the spatiotemporal aspects of coupling to downstream signaling and the potential disturbance of these mechanisms by pathogenic factors. The significance of these mechanistic concepts for the development of novel therapeutic strategies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Groschner
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, 8010, Graz, Austria.
| | - Niroj Shrestha
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Nicola Fameli
- Institute of Biophysics, Medical University of Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstrasse 6/4, 8010, Graz, Austria
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology, and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Jernigan NL, Resta TC, Gonzalez Bosc LV. Altered Redox Balance in the Development of Chronic Hypoxia-induced Pulmonary Hypertension. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 967:83-103. [PMID: 29047083 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63245-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Normally, the pulmonary circulation is maintained in a low-pressure, low-resistance state with little resting tone. Pulmonary arteries are thin-walled and rely heavily on pulmonary arterial distension and recruitment for reducing pulmonary vascular resistance when cardiac output is elevated. Under pathophysiological conditions, however, active vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling lead to enhanced pulmonary vascular resistance and subsequent pulmonary hypertension (PH). Chronic hypoxia is a critical pathological factor associated with the development of PH resulting from airway obstruction (COPD, sleep apnea), diffusion impairment (interstitial lung disease), developmental lung abnormalities, or high altitude exposure (World Health Organization [WHO]; Group III). The rise in pulmonary vascular resistance increases right heart afterload causing right ventricular hypertrophy that can ultimately lead to right heart failure in patients with chronic lung disease. PH is typically characterized by diminished paracrine release of vasodilators, antimitogenic factors, and antithrombotic factors (e.g., nitric oxide and protacyclin) and enhanced production of vasoconstrictors and mitogenic factors (e.g., reactive oxygen species and endothelin-1) from the endothelium and lung parenchyma. In addition, phenotypic changes to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC), including alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis, Ca2+ sensitivity, and activation of transcription factors are thought to play prominent roles in the development of both vasoconstrictor and arterial remodeling components of hypoxia-associated PH. These changes in PASMC function are briefly reviewed in Sect. 1 and the influence of altered reactive oxygen species homeostasis on PASMC function discussed in Sects. 2-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikki L Jernigan
- Department Cell Biology and Physiology, Vascular Physiology Group, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Department Cell Biology and Physiology, Vascular Physiology Group, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Laura V Gonzalez Bosc
- Department Cell Biology and Physiology, Vascular Physiology Group, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
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Blatter LA. Tissue Specificity: SOCE: Implications for Ca 2+ Handling in Endothelial Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 993:343-361. [PMID: 28900923 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many cellular functions of the vascular endothelium are regulated by fine-tuned global and local, microdomain-confined changes of cytosolic free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i). Vasoactive agonist-induced stimulation of vascular endothelial cells (VECs) typically induces Ca2+ release through IP3 receptor Ca2+ release channels embedded in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ store, followed by Ca2+ entry from the extracellular space elicited by Ca2+ store depletion and referred to as capacitative or store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE). In vascular endothelial cells, SOCE is graded with the degree of store depletion and controlled locally in the subcellular microdomain where depletion occurs. SOCE provides distinct Ca2+ signals that selectively control specific endothelial functions: in calf pulmonary artery endothelial cells, the SOCE Ca2+ signal drives nitric oxide (an endothelium-derived relaxing factor of the vascular smooth muscle) production and controls activation and nuclear translocation of the transcription factor NFAT. Both cellular events are not affected by Ca2+ signals of comparable magnitude arising directly from Ca2+ release from intracellular stores, clearly indicating that SOCE regulates specific Ca2+-dependent cellular tasks by a unique and exclusive mechanism. This review discusses the mechanisms of intracellular Ca2+ regulation in vascular endothelial cells and the role of store-operated Ca2+ entry for endothelium-dependent smooth muscle relaxation and nitric oxide signaling, endothelial oxidative stress response, and excitation-transcription coupling in the vascular endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar A Blatter
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Rush University Medical Center, 1750 W. Harrison St., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
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Santiago E, Climent B, Muñoz M, García-Sacristán A, Rivera L, Prieto D. Hydrogen peroxide activates store-operated Ca(2+) entry in coronary arteries. Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:5318-32. [PMID: 26478127 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Abnormal Ca(2+) metabolism has been involved in the pathogenesis of vascular dysfunction associated with oxidative stress. Here, we have investigated the actions of H2 O2 on store-operated Ca(2+) (SOC) entry in coronary arteries and assessed whether it is impaired in arteries from a rat model of metabolic syndrome. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Simultaneous measurements of intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and contractile responses were made in coronary arteries from Wistar and obese Zucker rats, mounted in microvascular myographs, and the effects of H2 O2 were assessed. KEY RESULTS H2 O2 raised intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations, accompanied by simultaneous vasoconstriction that was markedly reduced in a Ca(2+) -free medium. Upon Ca(2+) re-addition, a nifedipine-resistant sustained Ca(2+) entry, not coupled to contraction, was obtained in endothelium-denuded coronary arteries. The effect of H2 O2 on this voltage-independent Ca(2+) influx was concentration-dependent, and high micromolar H2 O2 concentrations were inhibitory and reduced SOC entry evoked by inhibition of the sarcoplasmic reticulum ATPase (SERCA). H2 O2 -induced increases in Fura signals were mimicked by Ba(2+) and reduced by heparin, Gd(3+) ions and by Pyr6, a selective inhibitor of the Orai1-mediated Ca(2+) entry,. In coronary arteries from obese Zucker rats, intracellular Ca(2+) mobilization and SOC entry activated by acute exposure to H2 O2 were augmented and associated with local oxidative stress. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS H2 O2 exerted dual concentration-dependent stimulatory/inhibitory effects on store-operated, IP3 receptor-mediated and Orai1-mediated Ca(2+) entry, not coupled to vasoconstriction in coronary vascular smooth muscle. SOC entry activated by H2 O2 was enhanced and associated with vascular oxidative stress in coronary arteries in metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Santiago
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Belén Climent
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercedes Muñoz
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Albino García-Sacristán
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Rivera
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores Prieto
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Toussaint F, Charbel C, Blanchette A, Ledoux J. CaMKII regulates intracellular Ca²⁺ dynamics in native endothelial cells. Cell Calcium 2015; 58:275-85. [PMID: 26100947 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Localized endothelial Ca(2+) signalling, such as Ca(2+) pulsars, can modulate the contractile state of the underlying vascular smooth muscle cell through specific endothelial targets. In addition to K(Ca)3.1 as a target, Ca(2+) pulsars, an IP3R-dependent pulsatile Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) could activate a frequency-sensitive Ca(2+)-dependent kinase such as CaMKII. In the absence of extracellular Ca(2+), acetylcholine increased endothelial CaMKII phosphorylation and activation, thereby suggesting CaMKII activation independently of Ca(2+) influx. Herein, a reciprocal relation where CaMKII controls endothelial Ca(2+) dynamics has been investigated in mesenteric arteries. Both CaMKIIα and β isoforms have been identified in endothelial cells and close proximity (<40 nm) suggests their association in heteromultimers. Intracellular Ca(2+) monitoring with high speed confocal microscopy then showed that inhibition of CaMKII with KN-93 significantly increased the population of Ca(2+) pulsars active sites (+89%), suggesting CaMKII as a major regulator of Ca(2+) pulsars in native endothelium. Mechanistic insights were then sought through the elucidation of the impact of CaMKII on ER Ca(2+) store. ER Ca(2+) emptying was accelerated by CaMKII inhibition and ER Ca(2+) content was assessed using ionomycin. Exposure to KN-93 strongly diminished ER Ca(2+) content (-61%) by relieving CaMKII-dependent inhibition of IP3 receptors (IP3R). Moreover, in situ proximity ligation assay suggested CaMKII-IP3R promiscuity, essential condition for a protein-protein interaction. Interestingly, segregation of IP3R within myoendothelial projection (MEP) appears to be isoform-specific. Hence, only IP3R type 1 and type 2 are detected within fenestrations of the internal elastic lamina, sites of MEP, whilst type 3 is absent from these structures. In summary, CaMKII seems to act as a Ca(2+)-sensitive switch of a negative feedback loop regulating endothelial Ca(2+) homeostasis, including Ca(2+) pulsars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Toussaint
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Physiology, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chimène Charbel
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Jonathan Ledoux
- Research Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Physiology, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada; Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous Ca2+ signaling mechanism triggered by Ca2+ depletion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and by a variety of cellular stresses. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are often concomitantly produced in response to these stresses, however, the relationship between redox signaling and SOCE is not completely understood. Various cardiovascular, neurological, and immune diseases are associated with alterations in both Ca2+ signaling and ROS production, and thus understanding this relationship has therapeutic implications. RECENT ADVANCES Several reactive cysteine modifications in stromal interaction molecule (STIM) and Orai proteins comprising the core SOCE machinery were recently shown to modulate SOCE in a redox-dependent manner. Moreover, STIM1 and Orai1 expression levels may reciprocally regulate and be affected by responses to oxidative stress. ER proteins involved in oxidative protein folding have gained increased recognition as important sources of ROS, and the recent discovery of their accumulation in contact sites between the ER and mitochondria provides a further link between ROS production and intracellular Ca2+ handling. CRITICAL ISSUES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS Future research should aim to establish the complete set of SOCE controlling molecules, to determine their redox-sensitive residues, and to understand how intracellular Ca2+ stores dynamically respond to different types of stress. Mapping the precise nature and functional consequence of key redox-sensitive components of the pre- and post-translational control of SOCE machinery and of proteins regulating ER calcium content will be pivotal in advancing our understanding of the complex cross-talk between redox and Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Nunes
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, University of Geneva , Geneva, Switzerland
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Plomaritas DR, Herbert LM, Yellowhair TR, Resta TC, Gonzalez Bosc LV, Walker BR, Jernigan NL. Chronic hypoxia limits H2O2-induced inhibition of ASIC1-dependent store-operated calcium entry in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 307:L419-30. [PMID: 24993130 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00095.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Our laboratory shows that acid-sensing ion channel 1 (ASIC1) contributes to the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by augmenting store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) that is associated with enhanced agonist-induced vasoconstriction and arterial remodeling. However, this enhanced Ca(2+) influx following chronic hypoxia (CH) is not dependent on an increased ASIC1 protein expression in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC). It is well documented that hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is associated with changes in redox potential and reactive oxygen species homeostasis. ASIC1 is a redox-sensitive channel showing increased activity in response to reducing agents, representing an alternative mechanism of regulation. We hypothesize that the enhanced SOCE following CH results from removal of an inhibitory effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on ASIC1. We found that CH increased PASMC superoxide (O2 (·-)) and decreased rat pulmonary arterial H2O2 levels. This decrease in H2O2 is a result of decreased Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase expression and activity, as well as increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) expression and activity following CH. Whereas H2O2 inhibited ASIC1-dependent SOCE in PASMC from control and CH animals, addition of catalase augmented ASIC1-mediated SOCE in PASMC from control rats but had no further effect in PASMC from CH rats. These data suggest that, under control conditions, H2O2 inhibits ASIC1-dependent SOCE. Furthermore, H2O2 levels are decreased following CH as a result of diminished dismutation of O2 (·-) and increased H2O2 catalysis through GPx-1, leading to augmented ASIC1-dependent SOCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle R Plomaritas
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Lindsay M Herbert
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Tracylyn R Yellowhair
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Thomas C Resta
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Laura V Gonzalez Bosc
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Benjimen R Walker
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Nikki L Jernigan
- Vascular Physiology Group, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Sano E, Tashiro S, Tadakuma H, Takei T, Ueda T, Tsumoto K. Type 1 IFN inhibits the growth factor deprived apoptosis of cultured human aortic endothelial cells and protects the cells from chemically induced oxidative cytotoxicity. J Cell Biochem 2013; 113:3823-34. [PMID: 22821369 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that the genesis of atherosclerotic lesions is resulted from the injury of vascular endothelial cells and the cell damage is triggered by oxygen radicals generated from various tissues. Human vascular endothelial cells can survive and proliferate depending on growth factors such as VEGF or basic FGF and are induced apoptosis by the deprivation of growth factor or serum. It was found that type 1 IFN inhibits the growth factor deprived cell death of human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) and protects the cells from chemically induced oxidative cytotoxicity. The anti-apoptotic effects of type 1 IFN were certified by flow cytometry using annexin-V-FITC/PI double staining and cell cycle analysis, fluorescence microscopy using Hoechst33342 and PI, colorimetric assay for caspase-3 activity, p53 and bax mRNA expressions, and cell counts. It was considered that IFN-β inhibits the executive late stage apoptosis from the results of annexin-V-FITC/PI double staining and the inhibition of caspase-3 activity, and that the anti-apoptotic effect might be owing to the direct inhibition of the apoptotic pathway mediated by p53 from the transient down-regulation of bax mRNA expression. Whereas, type 1 IFN protected the cells from the oxidative cytotoxicity induced by tertiary butylhydroperoxide (TBH) under the presence of Ca(2+). The effects of IFN-β is more potent inhibitor of cell death than IFN-α. These results indicate that type 1 IFN, especially IFN-β may be useful for the diseases with vascular endothelium damage such as atherosclerosis or restenosis after angioplasty as a medical treatment or a prophylactic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiko Sano
- Department of Medical Proteomics Laboratory, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Tokyo, 108-8639, Japan.
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Distelmaier F, Valsecchi F, Forkink M, van Emst-de Vries S, Swarts HG, Rodenburg RJT, Verwiel ETP, Smeitink JAM, Willems PHGM, Koopman WJH. Trolox-sensitive reactive oxygen species regulate mitochondrial morphology, oxidative phosphorylation and cytosolic calcium handling in healthy cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:1657-69. [PMID: 22559215 PMCID: PMC3474189 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cell regulation by signaling reactive oxygen species (sROS) is often incorrectly studied through extracellular oxidant addition. Here, we used the membrane-permeable antioxidant Trolox to examine the role of sROS in mitochondrial morphology, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and cytosolic calcium (Ca(2+)) handling in healthy human skin fibroblasts. RESULTS AND INNOVATION Trolox treatment reduced the levels of 5-(and-6)-chloromethyl-2',7'-dichlorodihydro-fluorescein (CM-H(2)DCF) oxidizing ROS, lowered cellular lipid peroxidation, and induced a less oxidized mitochondrial thiol redox state. This was paralleled by increased glutathione- and mitofusin-dependent mitochondrial filamentation, increased expression of fully assembled mitochondrial complex I, elevated activity of citrate synthase and OXPHOS enzymes, and a higher cellular O(2) consumption. In contrast, Trolox did not alter hydroethidium oxidation, cytosolic thiol redox state, mitochondrial NAD(P)H levels, or mitochondrial membrane potential. Whole genome expression profiling revealed that Trolox did not trigger significant changes in gene expression, suggesting that Trolox acts downstream of this process. Cytosolic Ca(2+) transients, induced by the hormone bradykinin, were of a higher amplitude and decayed faster in Trolox-treated cells. These effects were dose-dependently antagonized by hydrogen peroxide. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Trolox-sensitive sROS are upstream regulators of mitochondrial mitofusin levels, morphology, and function in healthy human skin fibroblasts. This information not only facilitates the interpretation of antioxidant effects in cell models (of oxidative-stress), but also contributes to a better understanding of ROS-related human pathologies, including mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Distelmaier
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Bogeski I, Kappl R, Kummerow C, Gulaboski R, Hoth M, Niemeyer BA. Redox regulation of calcium ion channels: Chemical and physiological aspects. Cell Calcium 2011; 50:407-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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The effect of cisplatin on endoplasmic reticulum stress of human cervical cancer cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.5468/kjog.2011.54.4.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Pereira AC, Olivon VC, de Oliveira AM. Impaired calcium influx despite hyper-reactivity in contralateral carotid following balloon injury: eNOS involvement. Eur J Pharmacol 2010; 642:121-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Revised: 03/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Perez-Vizcaino F, Cogolludo A, Moreno L. Reactive oxygen species signaling in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2010; 174:212-20. [PMID: 20797450 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2010.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Revised: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 08/17/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, it has become evident that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in the regulation of several physiological and pathophysiological processes. Herein we review the main sources, targets and pathophysiological roles of ROS in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle. Mitochondria and NADPH oxidases represent the major sources of ROS in vascular cells. In addition, ROS can be produced by different pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) and xantine oxidase. There is increasing evidence for the role of ROS, specially hydrogen peroxide, as signaling moieties to induce increase in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and contraction in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) through the modulation of a variety of targets, such as Rho kinases (ROCK), protein kinase C (PKC), voltage-gated potassium K+ (Kv) channels and ryanodine receptors (RyR). Thus, an increase in ROS has been reported to contribute to the responses induced by different vasoconstrictor stimuli, including hypoxia. Finally, results from recent studies highlighting the involvement of ROS in the development of pulmonary hypertension are discussed in the present paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid and Ciber Enfermedades Respiratorias (Ciberes), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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An Apparent Paradox: Attenuation of Phenylephrine-mediated Calcium Mobilization and Hyperreactivity to Phenylephrine in Contralateral Carotid After Balloon Injury. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2010; 56:162-70. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0b013e3181e571cd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rinne A, Banach K, Blatter LA. Regulation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) in vascular endothelial cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2009; 47:400-10. [PMID: 19540841 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2009.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Proteins of the NFAT family (nuclear factor of activated T cells) are Ca(2+)-sensitive transcription factors, which are involved in hypertrophic cardiovascular remodeling. Activation and nuclear translocation is mediated by dephosphorylation by the Ca(2+)-sensitive phosphatase calcineurin (CaN). We identified Ca(2+) signals that induced nuclear translocation of NFAT in cultured calf pulmonary artery endothelial (CPAE) cells using confocal fluorescence microscopy to measure simultaneously [Ca(2+)](i) and subcellular localization of NFAT-GFP (isoforms NFATc1 and NFATc3). The vasoactive agonists ATP (5 microM) or bradykinin (20 microM) in the presence of 2 mM extracellular Ca(2+) induced Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and activated capacitative Ca(2+) entry (CCE), which caused robust translocation of NFAT to the nucleus. This effect was sensitive to the CaN-inhibitor cyclosporin A (1 microM). Influx of extracellular Ca(2+) via CCE, but not ER Ca(2+) release was identified as the activating Ca(2+) source. NFAT was also activated by Ca(2+) influx induced by cell swelling, reverse mode Na/Ca exchange or ionomycin treatment. NFAT regulation was isoform-specific. Whereas activation of NFATc1-GFP by ATP resulted in persistent nuclear localization, NFATc3-GFP was only transiently imported into the nucleus, followed by rapid export back to the cytoplasm. Inhibition of nuclear kinases, which mediate export of NFAT via phosphorylation, or direct block of nuclear export (Leptomycin B) resulted in stable nuclear localization of NFATc3. These data demonstrate that extracellular Ca(2+) entry mediates NFAT activation. Furthermore, the regulation of nuclear localization of NFAT is isoform-specific and dependent on nuclear export processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rinne
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Fu Z, Liu D. Long-term exposure to genistein improves insulin secretory function of pancreatic beta-cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 616:321-7. [PMID: 19540219 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2009] [Revised: 05/27/2009] [Accepted: 06/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We recently found that genistein, a plant-derived natural compound, is a novel cAMP signaling agonist in pancreatic beta-cells. In the present study, we further show that exposure of clonal insulin secreting (INS-1E) cells to genistein for 48 h enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), whereas insulin content was not altered, suggesting that genistein-enhanced GSIS is not due to a modulation of insulin synthesis. This genistein effect is protein tyrosine kinase- and K(ATP) channel-independent. In addition, genistein had no effect on glucose transporter-2 expression or cellular ATP production, but similarly augmented pyruvate-stimulated insulin secretion in INS-1E cells, indicating that the improvement of insulin secretory function by long-term genistein exposure is not related to an alternation in glucose uptake or the glycolytic pathway. The enhanced insulin secretion by genistein was associated with elevated intracellular Ca(2+) concentration and dependent on protein kinase A and new protein synthesis as this effect was completely blocked by N-[2-(p-Bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide or cycloheximide. Similarly, 48 h of genistein exposure also enhanced GSIS in freshly isolated mouse and human pancreatic islets, suggesting a non-species-specific and biologically relevant effect. These findings provide evidence that genistein may be a novel bioactive compound that has an anti-diabetic effect by improving insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Fu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
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Selective blockade of PGE2 EP1 receptor protects brain against experimental ischemia and excitotoxicity, and hippocampal slice cultures against oxygen-glucose deprivation. Neurotox Res 2009; 14:343-51. [PMID: 19073437 DOI: 10.1007/bf03033858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme increases abnormally during excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia and promotes neurotoxicity. Although COX-2 inhibitors could be beneficial, they have significant side effects. We and others have shown that the EP1 receptor is important in mediating PGE2 toxicity. Here, we tested the hypothesis that pretreatment with a highly selectiveEP1 receptor antagonist, ONO-8713, would improve stroke outcome and that post-treatment would attenuate NMDA-induced acute excitotoxicity and protect organotypic brain slices from oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced toxicity. Male C57BL/6 mice were injected intracerebroventricularly with ONO-8713 before being subjected to 90-min middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and 96-h reperfusion.Significant reduction in infarct size was observed in groups given 0.1 (25.9 +/- 4.7%) and 1.0 nmol(27.7 +/- 2.8%) ONO-8713 as compared with the vehicle-treated control group. To determine the effects of ONO-8713 post-treatment on NMDA induced excitotoxicity, mice were given a unilateral intrastriatal NMDA injection followed by one intraperitoneal injection of 10 microg/kg ONO-8713, 1 and 6 h later. Significant attenuation of brain damage (26.6 +/-4.9%) was observed at 48 hin the ONO-8713-treated group. Finally, brain slice cultures were protected (25.5 +/- 2.9%) by the addition of ONO-8713 to the medium after OGD.These findings support the notion that the EP1receptor propagates neurotoxicity and that selective blockade could be considered as a potential preventive and/or therapeutic tool against ischemic/hypoxic neurological conditions.
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Li YN, Wu YL, Jia ZH, Qi JS. Interaction between COX-2 and iNOS aggravates vascular lesion and antagonistic effect of ginsenoside. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 119:305-311. [PMID: 18694814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2007] [Revised: 07/05/2008] [Accepted: 07/15/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer (Araliaceae), is one of the most widely used Chinese herbs with hypotensive and cardiotonic actions for thousands of years, but the underlying mechanisms have not been well determined. Ginsenoside, the effective components of ginseng, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are key enzymes in inflammation and oxidative stress, respectively, which have close interaction, aggravating their damaging effects. This study investigated whether COX-2 interacted with iNOS in vascular endothelial lesion and the protective effect of ginsenoside. MATERIALS AND METHODS SD male rats were fed with high l-methionine (3%, w/w) to induce vascular endothelial lesion, and the rats in ginsenoside group were fed ginsenoside solution (0.8 mg kg(-1)d(-1)). The mRNA expression and protein contents of COX-2 and iNOS were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The interaction between COX-2 and iNOS was analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation and laser confocal microscopy. The content of NT, a specific marker of peroxynitrite, was evaluated by Western blotting. The morphological changes of vascular endothelium were observed. RESULTS Compared with control group, the transcription and protein levels of both COX-2 and iNOS increased obviously and their interaction enhanced significantly in model group, in accord with the increased NT content and the pathological alterations of aorta. In ginsenoside group, all these alterations were attenuated significantly (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS It is proved that there exists interaction between COX-2 and iNOS, aggravating endothelial lesion through peroxynitrite and ginsenoside might antagonize their interaction, playing a protective role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ning Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang City 050017, Hebei, PR China
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