1
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Hoogstraten CA, Koenderink JB, van Straaten CE, Scheer-Weijers T, Smeitink JAM, Schirris TJJ, Russel FGM. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is a potential mitochondrial off-target for gentamicin based on in silico predictions and in vitro inhibition studies. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 95:105740. [PMID: 38036072 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2023.105740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
During the drug development process, organ toxicity leads to an estimated failure of one-third of novel chemical entities. Drug-induced toxicity is increasingly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, but identifying the underlying molecular mechanisms remains a challenge. Computational modeling techniques have proven to be a good tool in searching for drug off-targets. Here, we aimed to identify mitochondrial off-targets of the nephrotoxic drugs tenofovir and gentamicin using different in silico approaches (KRIPO, ProBis and PDID). Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) were predicted as potential novel off-target sites for tenofovir and gentamicin, respectively. The predicted targets were evaluated in vitro, using (colorimetric) enzymatic activity measurements. Tenofovir did not inhibit DHODH activity, while gentamicin potently reduced PDH activity. In conclusion, the use of in silico methods appeared a valuable approach in predicting PDH as a mitochondrial off-target of gentamicin. Further research is required to investigate the contribution of PDH inhibition to overall renal toxicity of gentamicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Hoogstraten
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Jan B Koenderink
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Carolijn E van Straaten
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Scheer-Weijers
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Khondrion BV, Nijmegen 6525 EX, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
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2
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Hoogstraten CA, Jacobs MME, de Boer G, van de Wal MAE, Koopman WJH, Smeitink JAM, Russel FGM, Schirris TJJ. Metabolic impact of genetic and chemical ADP/ATP carrier inhibition in renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:1927-1941. [PMID: 37154957 PMCID: PMC10256673 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03510-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is pivotal in drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI), but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Transport proteins embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane form a significant class of potential drug off-targets. So far, most transporter-drug interactions have been reported for the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier (AAC). Since it remains unknown to what extent AAC contributes to drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in AKI, we here aimed to better understand the functional role of AAC in the energy metabolism of human renal proximal tubular cells. To this end, CRISPR/Cas9 technology was applied to generate AAC3-/- human conditionally immortalized renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. This AAC3-/- cell model was characterized with respect to mitochondrial function and morphology. To explore whether this model could provide first insights into (mitochondrial) adverse drug effects with suspicion towards AAC-mediated mechanisms, wild-type and knockout cells were exposed to established AAC inhibitors, after which cellular metabolic activity and mitochondrial respiratory capacity were measured. Two AAC3-/- clones showed a significant reduction in ADP import and ATP export rates and mitochondrial mass, without influencing overall morphology. AAC3-/- clones exhibited reduced ATP production, oxygen consumption rates and metabolic spare capacity was particularly affected, mainly in conditions with galactose as carbon source. Chemical AAC inhibition was stronger compared to genetic inhibition in AAC3-/-, suggesting functional compensation by remaining AAC isoforms in our knockout model. In conclusion, our results indicate that ciPTEC-OAT1 cells have a predominantly oxidative phenotype that was not additionally activated by switching energy source. Genetic inhibition of AAC3 particularly impacted mitochondrial spare capacity, without affecting mitochondrial morphology, suggesting an important role for AAC in maintaining the metabolic spare respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Hoogstraten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike M E Jacobs
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Guido de Boer
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa A E van de Wal
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
- Khondrion BV, Nijmegen, 6525 EX, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
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3
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Hoogstraten CA, Lyon JJ, Smeitink JAM, Russel FGM, Schirris TJJ. Time to change: A systems pharmacology approach to disentangle mechanisms of drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:463-486. [PMID: 36627212 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of commonly prescribed drugs are known to interfere with mitochondrial function, which is associated with almost half of all FDA black box warnings, a variety of drug withdrawals and attrition of drug candidates. This can mainly be attributed to a historic lack of sensitive and specific assays to identify the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial toxicity during drug development. In the last decade, a better understanding of drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction has been achieved by network-based and structure-based systems pharmacological approaches. Here, we propose the implementation of a tiered systems pharmacology approach to detect adverse mitochondrial drug effects during preclinical drug development, which is based on a toolset developed to study inherited mitochondrial disease. This includes phenotypic characterization, profiling of key metabolic alterations, mechanistic studies, and functional in vitro and in vivo studies. Combined with binding pocket similarity comparisons and bottom-up as well as top-down metabolic network modeling this tiered approach enables identification of mechanisms underlying drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. After validation of these off-target mechanisms, drug candidates can be adjusted to minimize mitochondrial activity. Implementing such a tiered systems pharmacology approach could lead to a more efficient drug development trajectory due to lower drug attrition rates and ultimately contribute to the development of safer drugs. Significance Statement Many commonly prescribed drugs adversely affect mitochondrial function, which can be detected using phenotypic assays. However, these methods provide only limited insight into the underlying mechanisms. In recent years, a better understanding of drug-induced mitochondrial dysfunction has been achieved by network-based and structure-based system pharmacological approaches. Their implementation in preclinical drug development could reduce the number of drug failures, contributing to safer drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A Hoogstraten
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan J Lyon
- Investigative Preclinical Toxicity & GSK Mitochondrial Network Lead, GlaxoSmithKline, United Kingdom
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center and Khondrion BV, Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Netherlands
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4
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Klein I, Verhaak CM, Smeitink JAM, de Laat P, Janssen MCH, Custers JAE. Identifying trajectories of fatigue in patients with primary mitochondrial disease due to the m.3243A > G variant. J Inherit Metab Dis 2022; 45:1130-1142. [PMID: 36053898 PMCID: PMC9805089 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe fatigue is a common complaint in patients with primary mitochondrial disease. However, less is known about the course of fatigue over time. This longitudinal observational cohort study of patients with the mitochondrial DNA 3243 A>G variant explored trajectories of fatigue over 2 years, and characteristics of patients within these fatigue trajectories. Fifty-three adult patients treated at the Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen were included. The majority of the patients reported consistent, severe fatigue (41%), followed by patients with a mixed pattern of severe and mild fatigue (36%). Then, 23% of patients reported stable mild fatigue levels. Patients with a stable high fatigue trajectory were characterized by higher disease manifestations scores, more clinically relevant mental health symptoms, and lower psychosocial functioning and quality of life compared to patients reporting stable low fatigue levels. Fatigue at baseline and disease manifestation scores predicted fatigue severity at the 2-year assessment (57% explained variance). This study demonstrates that severe fatigue is a common and stable complaint in the majority of patients. Clinicians should be aware of severe fatigue in patients with moderate to severe disease manifestation scores on the Newcastle Mitochondrial Disease Scale, the high prevalence of clinically relevant mental health symptoms and overall impact on quality of life in these patients. Screening of fatigue and psychosocial variables will guide suitable individualized treatment to improve the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge‐Lot Klein
- Department of Medical PsychologyRadboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial MedicineNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Christianne M. Verhaak
- Department of Medical PsychologyRadboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial MedicineNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Jan A. M. Smeitink
- Department of PediatricsRadboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial MedicineNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Paul de Laat
- Department of PediatricsFranciscus Gasthuis & VlietlandRotterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mirian C. H. Janssen
- Department of Internal MedicineRadboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial MedicineNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - José A. E. Custers
- Department of Medical PsychologyRadboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial MedicineNijmegenThe Netherlands
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5
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Bulthuis EP, Einer C, Distelmaier F, Groh L, van Emst-de Vries SE, van de Westerlo E, van de Wal M, Wagenaars J, Rodenburg RJ, Smeitink JAM, Riksen NP, Willems PHGM, Adjobo-Hermans MJW, Zischka H, Koopman WJH. The decylTPP mitochondria-targeting moiety lowers electron transport chain supercomplex levels in primary human skin fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:434-446. [PMID: 35718301 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Attachment of cargo molecules to lipophilic triphenylphosphonium (TPP+) cations is a widely applied strategy for mitochondrial targeting. We previously demonstrated that the vitamin E-derived antioxidant Trolox increases the levels of active mitochondrial complex I (CI), the first complex of the electron transport chain (ETC), in primary human skin fibroblasts (PHSFs) of Leigh Syndrome (LS) patients with isolated CI deficiency. Primed by this finding, we here studied the cellular effects of mitochondria-targeted Trolox (MitoE10), mitochondria-targeted ubiquinone (MitoQ10) and their mitochondria-targeting moiety decylTPP (C10-TPP+). Chronic treatment (96 h) with these molecules of PHSFs from a healthy subject and an LS patient with isolated CI deficiency (NDUFS7-V122M mutation) did not greatly affect cell number. Unexpectedly, this treatment reduced CI levels/activity, lowered the amount of ETC supercomplexes, inhibited mitochondrial oxygen consumption, increased extracellular acidification, altered mitochondrial morphology and stimulated hydroethidine oxidation. We conclude that the mitochondria-targeting decylTPP moiety is responsible for the observed effects and advocate that every study employing alkylTPP-mediated mitochondrial targeting should routinely include control experiments with the corresponding alkylTPP moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elianne P Bulthuis
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia Einer
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Felix Distelmaier
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Laszlo Groh
- Department of Internal Medicine (463), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sjenet E van Emst-de Vries
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Els van de Westerlo
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Melissa van de Wal
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jori Wagenaars
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Translational Metabolic Laboratory (TML), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels P Riksen
- Department of Internal Medicine (463), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Merel J W Adjobo-Hermans
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Zischka
- Institute of Molecular Toxicology and Pharmacology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Toxicology and Environmental Hygiene, Technical University Munich, School of Medicine, Munich, Germany
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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6
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Hoogstraten CA, Smeitink JAM, Russel FGM, Schirris TJJ. Dissecting Drug-Induced Cytotoxicity and Metabolic Dysfunction in Conditionally Immortalized Human Proximal Tubule Cells. Front Toxicol 2022; 4:842396. [PMID: 35295229 PMCID: PMC8915871 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2022.842396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Fourteen to 26 percent of all hospitalized cases of acute kidney injury are explained by drug-induced toxicity, emphasizing the importance of proper strategies to pre-clinically assess renal toxicity. The MTT assay is widely used as a measure of cell viability, but largely depends on cellular metabolic activity. Consequently, MTT as a single assay may not be the best way to assess cytotoxicity of compounds that reduce mitochondrial function and cellular metabolic activity without directly affecting cell viability. Accordingly, we aim to highlight the limitations of MTT alone in assessing renal toxicity of compounds that interfere with metabolic activity. Therefore, we compared toxic effects observed by MTT with a fluorescent assay that determines compromised plasma membrane permeability. Exposure of proximal tubule epithelial cells to nephrotoxic compounds reduced cellular metabolic activity concentration- and time-dependently. We show that compared to our fluorescence-based approach, assessment of cellular metabolic activity by means of MTT provides a composite readout of cell death and metabolic impairment. An approach independent of cellular metabolism is thus preferable when assessing cytotoxicity of compounds that induce metabolic dysfunction. Moreover, combining both assays during drug development enables a first discrimination between compounds having a direct or indirect mitochondrial toxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte A. Hoogstraten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jan A. M. Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Khondrion BV, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Frans G. M. Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Frans G. M. Russel, ; Tom J. J. Schirris,
| | - Tom J. J. Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Frans G. M. Russel, ; Tom J. J. Schirris,
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7
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Bouman K, Groothuis JT, Doorduin J, van Alfen N, Udink Ten Cate FEA, van den Heuvel FMA, Nijveldt R, van Tilburg WCM, Buckens SCFM, Dittrich ATM, Draaisma JMT, Janssen MCH, Kamsteeg EJ, van Kleef ESB, Koene S, Smeitink JAM, Küsters B, van Tienen FHJ, Smeets HJM, van Engelen BGM, Erasmus CE, Voermans NC. Natural history, outcome measures and trial readiness in LAMA2-related muscular dystrophy and SELENON-related myopathy in children and adults: protocol of the LAST STRONG study. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:313. [PMID: 34384384 PMCID: PMC8357962 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SELENON (SEPN1)-related myopathy (SELENON-RM) is a rare congenital myopathy characterized by slowly progressive proximal muscle weakness, early onset spine rigidity and respiratory insufficiency. A muscular dystrophy caused by mutations in the LAMA2 gene (LAMA2-related muscular dystrophy, LAMA2-MD) has a similar clinical phenotype, with either a severe, early-onset due to complete Laminin subunit α2 deficiency (merosin-deficient congenital muscular dystrophy type 1A (MDC1A)), or a mild, childhood- or adult-onset due to partial Laminin subunit α2 deficiency. For both muscle diseases, no curative treatment options exist, yet promising preclinical studies are ongoing. Currently, there is a paucity on natural history data and appropriate clinical and functional outcome measures are needed to reach trial readiness. METHODS LAST STRONG is a natural history study in Dutch-speaking patients of all ages diagnosed with SELENON-RM or LAMA2-MD, starting August 2020. Patients have four visits at our hospital over a period of 1.5 year. At all visits, they undergo standardized neurological examination, hand-held dynamometry (age ≥ 5 years), functional measurements, questionnaires (patient report and/or parent proxy; age ≥ 2 years), muscle ultrasound including diaphragm, pulmonary function tests (spirometry, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure, sniff nasal inspiratory pressure; age ≥ 5 years), and accelerometry for 8 days (age ≥ 2 years); at visit one and three, they undergo cardiac evaluation (electrocardiogram, echocardiography; age ≥ 2 years), spine X-ray (age ≥ 2 years), dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA-)scan (age ≥ 2 years) and full body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (age ≥ 10 years). All examinations are adapted to the patient's age and functional abilities. Correlation between key parameters within and between subsequent visits will be assessed. DISCUSSION Our study will describe the natural history of patients diagnosed with SELENON-RM or LAMA2-MD, enabling us to select relevant clinical and functional outcome measures for reaching clinical trial-readiness. Moreover, our detailed description (deep phenotyping) of the clinical features will optimize clinical management and will establish a well-characterized baseline cohort for prospective follow-up. CONCLUSION Our natural history study is an essential step for reaching trial readiness in SELENON-RM and LAMA2-MD. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study has been approved by medical ethical reviewing committee Region Arnhem-Nijmegen (NL64269.091.17, 2017-3911) and is registered at ClinicalTrial.gov ( NCT04478981 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlijn Bouman
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan T Groothuis
- Department of Rehabilitation, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonne Doorduin
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nens van Alfen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Floris E A Udink Ten Cate
- Department of Pediatric cardiology, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Robin Nijveldt
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Stan C F M Buckens
- Department of Radiology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne T M Dittrich
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos M T Draaisma
- Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik-Jan Kamsteeg
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Esmee S B van Kleef
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Koene
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Benno Küsters
- Department of Pathology, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Hubert J M Smeets
- Department of Toxicogenomics, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neurosciences (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Developmental Biology and Oncology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Corrie E Erasmus
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicol C Voermans
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud university medical center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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8
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Distelmaier F, Visch HJ, Smeitink JAM, Mayatepek E, Koopman WJH, Willems PHGM. Correction to: The antioxidant Trolox restores mitochondrial membrane potential and Ca 2+-stimulated ATP production in human complex I deficiency. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1173. [PMID: 34110425 PMCID: PMC8496655 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02057-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
A Correction to this paper has been published: 10.1007/s00109-021-02057-3
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Distelmaier
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of General Pediatrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henk-Jan Visch
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ertan Mayatepek
- Department of General Pediatrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Microscopical Imaging Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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9
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Xiao Y, Yim K, Zhang H, Bakker D, Nederlof R, Smeitink JAM, Renkema H, Hollmann MW, Weber NC, Zuurbier CJ. The Redox Modulating Sonlicromanol Active Metabolite KH176m and the Antioxidant MPG Protect Against Short-Duration Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 35:745-758. [PMID: 33914182 PMCID: PMC8266721 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07189-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Sonlicromanol is a phase IIB clinical stage compound developed for treatment of mitochondrial diseases. Its active component, KH176m, functions as an antioxidant, directly scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and redox activator, boosting the peroxiredoxin-thioredoxin system. Here, we examined KH176m’s potential to protect against acute cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), compare it with the classic antioxidant N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine (MPG), and determine whether protection depends on duration (severity) of ischemia. Methods Isolated C56Bl/6N mouse hearts were Langendorff-perfused and subjected to short (20 min) or long (30 min) ischemia, followed by reperfusion. During perfusion, hearts were treated with saline, 10 μM KH176m, or 1 mM MPG. Cardiac function, cell death (necrosis), and mitochondrial damage (cytochrome c (CytC) release) were evaluated. In additional series, the effect of KH176m treatment on the irreversible oxidative stress marker 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), formed during ischemia only, was determined at 30-min reperfusion. Results During baseline conditions, both drugs reduced cardiac performance, with opposing effects on vascular resistance (increased with KH176m, decreased with MPG). For short ischemia, KH176m robustly reduced all cell death parameters: LDH release (0.2 ± 0.2 vs 0.8 ± 0.5 U/min/GWW), infarct size (15 ± 8 vs 31 ± 20%), and CytC release (168.0 ± 151.9 vs 790.8 ± 453.6 ng/min/GWW). Protection by KH176m was associated with decreased cardiac 4-HNE. MPG only reduced CytC release. Following long ischemia, IRI was doubled, and KH176m and MPG now only reduced LDH release. The reduced protection against long ischemia was associated with the inability to reduce cardiac 4-HNE. Conclusion Protection against cardiac IRI by the antioxidant KH176m is critically dependent on duration of ischemia. The data suggest that with longer ischemia, the capacity of KH176m to reduce cardiac oxidative stress is rate-limiting, irreversible ischemic oxidative damage maximally accumulates, and antioxidant protection is strongly diminished. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10557-021-07189-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiao
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Yim
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hong Zhang
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diane Bakker
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rianne Nederlof
- Institut für Herz- und Kreislaufphysiologie, Heinrich- Heine- Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Herma Renkema
- Khondrion, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Markus W Hollmann
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nina C Weber
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Coert J Zuurbier
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Amsterdam UMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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10
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Klein IL, van de Loo KFE, Hoogeboom TJ, Janssen MCH, Smeitink JAM, van der Veer E, Verhaak CM, Custers JAE. Blended cognitive behaviour therapy for children and adolescents with mitochondrial disease targeting fatigue (PowerMe): study protocol for a multiple baseline single case experiment. Trials 2021; 22:177. [PMID: 33648576 PMCID: PMC7923335 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05126-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial disease is a rare, hereditary disease with a heterogeneous clinical presentation. However, fatigue is a common and burdensome complaint in children and adolescents with mitochondrial disease. No psychological intervention targeting fatigue exists for paediatric patients with a mitochondrial disease. We designed the PowerMe intervention, a blended cognitive behaviour therapy targeting fatigue in children and adolescents with mitochondrial disease. The aim of the intervention is to reduce perceived fatigue by targeting fatigue-related cognitions and behaviours. Methods A multiple baseline single case experiment will be conducted in five children (8–12 years old) and 5 adolescents (12–18 years old) with mitochondrial disease and severe fatigue. Patients will be included in the study for 33 weeks, answering weekly questions about the fatigue. Patients will be randomly assigned a baseline period of 5 to 9 weeks before starting the PowerMe intervention. The intervention consists of face-to-face and online sessions with a therapist and a website with information and assignments. The treatment will be tailored to the individual. Each patient will work on their personalized treatment plan focusing on personally relevant goals. The primary outcome is perceived fatigue. Secondary outcomes are quality of life, school presence and physical functioning. Discussion The results of the PowerMe study will provide information on the efficacy of a blended cognitive behaviour therapy on reducing perceived fatigue and its impact on daily life in children and adolescents with mitochondrial disease. Strengths and limitations of the study design are discussed. Trial registration Dutch Trial Register NTR 7675. Registered on 17 December 2018. Identifier https://www.trialregister.nl/trial/7433
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Affiliation(s)
- I L Klein
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, PO Box 9101, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - K F E van de Loo
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, PO Box 9101, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - T J Hoogeboom
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, IQ Healthcare, PO Box 9101, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M C H Janssen
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, PO Box 9101, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J A M Smeitink
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, PO Box 9101, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - E van der Veer
- International Mito Patients Association, Bergambacht, The Netherlands
| | - C M Verhaak
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, PO Box 9101, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J A E Custers
- Radboud university medical center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, PO Box 9101, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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11
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Klein IL, van de Loo KFE, Smeitink JAM, Janssen MCH, Kessels RPC, van Karnebeek CD, van der Veer E, Custers JAE, Verhaak CM. Cognitive functioning and mental health in mitochondrial disease: A systematic scoping review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 125:57-77. [PMID: 33582231 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are rare, heterogeneous, hereditary and progressive in nature. In addition to the serious somatic symptoms, patients with MD also experience problems regarding their cognitive functioning and mental health. We provide an overview of all published studies reporting on any aspect of cognitive functioning and/or mental health in patients with MD and their relatives. A total of 58 research articles and 45 case studies were included and critically reviewed. Cognitive impairments in multiple domains were reported. Mental disorders were frequently reported, especially depression and anxiety. Furthermore, most studies showed impairments in self-reported psychological functioning and high prevalence of mental health problems in (matrilineal) relatives. The included studies showed heterogeneity regarding patient samples, measurement instruments and reference groups, making comparisons cautious. Results highlight a high prevalence of cognitive impairments and mental disorders in patients with MD. Recommendations for further research as well as tailored patientcare with standardized follow-up are provided. Key gaps in the literature are identified, of which studies on natural history are of highest importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inge-Lot Klein
- Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kim F E van de Loo
- Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Roy P C Kessels
- Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Medical Psychology, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Thomas van Aquinostraat 4, Postbus 9104, 6500 HE, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Vincent van Gogh Institute for Psychiatry, d'n Herk 90, 5803 DN, Venray, the Netherlands
| | - Clara D van Karnebeek
- Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Elja van der Veer
- International Mito Patients Association, 2861 AD, Bergambacht, the Netherlands
| | - José A E Custers
- Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christianne M Verhaak
- Radboud University Medical Center, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Medical Psychology, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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12
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Schirris TJJ, Rossell S, de Haas R, Frambach SJCM, Hoogstraten CA, Renkema GH, Beyrath JD, Willems PHGM, Huynen MA, Smeitink JAM, Russel FGM, Notebaart RA. Stimulation of cholesterol biosynthesis in mitochondrial complex I-deficiency lowers reductive stress and improves motor function and survival in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166062. [PMID: 33385517 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The majority of cellular energy is produced by the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Failure of the first OXPHOS enzyme complex, NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase or complex I (CI), is associated with multiple signs and symptoms presenting at variable ages of onset. There is no approved drug treatment yet to slow or reverse the progression of CI-deficient disorders. Here, we present a comprehensive human metabolic network model of genetically characterized CI-deficient patient-derived fibroblasts. Model calculations predicted that increased cholesterol production, export, and utilization can counterbalance the surplus of reducing equivalents in patient-derived fibroblasts, as these pathways consume considerable amounts of NAD(P)H. We show that fibrates attenuated increased NAD(P)H levels and improved CI-deficient fibroblast growth by stimulating the production of cholesterol via enhancement of its cellular efflux. In CI-deficient (Ndufs4-/-) mice, fibrate treatment resulted in prolonged survival and improved motor function, which was accompanied by an increased cholesterol efflux from peritoneal macrophages. Our results shine a new light on the use of compensatory biological pathways in mitochondrial dysfunction, which may lead to novel therapeutic interventions for mitochondrial diseases for which currently no cure exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sergio Rossell
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ria de Haas
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne J C M Frambach
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte A Hoogstraten
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - G Herma Renkema
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Julien D Beyrath
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn A Huynen
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Richard A Notebaart
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, 6708WG Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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13
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Esterhuizen K, Lindeque JZ, Mason S, van der Westhuizen FH, Rodenburg RJ, de Laat P, Smeitink JAM, Janssen MCH, Louw R. One mutation, three phenotypes: novel metabolic insights on MELAS, MIDD and myopathy caused by the m.3243A > G mutation. Metabolomics 2021; 17:10. [PMID: 33438095 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01769-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The m.3243A > G mitochondrial DNA mutation is one of the most common mitochondrial disease-causing mutations, with a carrier rate as high as 1:400. This point mutation affects the MT-TL1 gene, ultimately affecting the oxidative phosphorylation system and the cell's energy production. Strikingly, the m.3243A > G mutation is associated with different phenotypes, including mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS), maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) and myopathy. OBJECTIVES We investigated urine metabolomes of MELAS, MIDD and myopathy patients in order to identify affected metabolic pathways and possible treatment options. METHODS A multiplatform metabolomics approach was used to comprehensively analyze the metabolome and compare metabolic profiles of different phenotypes caused by the m.3243A > G mutation. Our analytical array consisted of NMR spectroscopy, LC-MS/MS and GC-TOF-MS. RESULTS The investigation revealed phenotypic specific metabolic perturbations, as well as metabolic similarities between the different phenotypes. We show that glucose metabolism is highly disturbed in the MIDD phenotype, but not in MELAS or myopathy, remodeled fatty acid oxidation is characteristic of the MELAS patients, while one-carbon metabolism is strongly modified in both MELAS and MIDD, but not in the myopathy group. Lastly we identified increased creatine in the urine of the myopathy patients, but not in MELAS or MIDD. CONCLUSION We conclude by giving novel insight on the phenotypes of the m.3243A > G mutation from a metabolomics point of view. Directives are also given for future investigations that could lead to better treatment options for patients suffering from this debilitating disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karien Esterhuizen
- Mitochondria Research Laboratory, Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - J Zander Lindeque
- Mitochondria Research Laboratory, Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Shayne Mason
- Mitochondria Research Laboratory, Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | | | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul de Laat
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roan Louw
- Mitochondria Research Laboratory, Human Metabolomics, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
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14
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Verkaart S, Koopman WJH, van Emst-de Vries SE, Nijtmans LGJ, van den Heuvel LWPJ, Smeitink JAM, Willems PHGM. Corrigendum to "Superoxide production is inversely related to complex I activity in inherited complex I deficiency" [Biochim Biophys Acta. 1772 (3) (2007) 373-381]. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:166015. [PMID: 33303240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd Verkaart
- Membrane Biochemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Membrane Biochemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Microscopical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences (NCMLS), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Leo G J Nijtmans
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Lambertus W P J van den Heuvel
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences (NCMLS), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Membrane Biochemistry, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Microscopical Imaging Centre, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences (NCMLS), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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15
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Frambach SJCM, de Haas R, Smeitink JAM, Rongen GA, Russel FGM, Schirris TJJ. Brothers in Arms: ABCA1- and ABCG1-Mediated Cholesterol Efflux as Promising Targets in Cardiovascular Disease Treatment. Pharmacol Rev 2020; 72:152-190. [PMID: 31831519 DOI: 10.1124/pr.119.017897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease worldwide, and hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor. Preventive treatments mainly focus on the effective reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, but their therapeutic value is limited by the inability to completely normalize atherosclerotic risk, probably due to the disease complexity and multifactorial pathogenesis. Consequently, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol gained much interest, as it appeared to be cardioprotective due to its major role in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). RCT facilitates removal of cholesterol from peripheral tissues, including atherosclerotic plaques, and its subsequent hepatic clearance into bile. Therefore, RCT is expected to limit plaque formation and progression. Cellular cholesterol efflux is initiated and propagated by the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. Their expression and function are expected to be rate-limiting for cholesterol efflux, which makes them interesting targets to stimulate RCT and lower atherosclerotic risk. This systematic review discusses the molecular mechanisms relevant for RCT and ABCA1 and ABCG1 function, followed by a critical overview of potential pharmacological strategies with small molecules to enhance cellular cholesterol efflux and RCT. These strategies include regulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression, degradation, and mRNA stability. Various small molecules have been demonstrated to increase RCT, but the underlying mechanisms are often not completely understood and are rather unspecific, potentially causing adverse effects. Better understanding of these mechanisms could enable the development of safer drugs to increase RCT and provide more insight into its relation with atherosclerotic risk. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Hypercholesterolemia is an important risk factor of atherosclerosis, which is a leading pathological mechanism underlying cardiovascular disease. Cholesterol is removed from atherosclerotic plaques and subsequently cleared by the liver into bile. This transport is mediated by high-density lipoprotein particles, to which cholesterol is transferred via ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCA1 and ABCG1. Small-molecule pharmacological strategies stimulating these transporters may provide promising options for cardiovascular disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne J C M Frambach
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ria de Haas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard A Rongen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (S.J.C.M.F., G.A.R., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (S.J.C.M.F., R.d.H., J.A.M.S., F.G.M.R., T.J.J.S.), Department of Pediatrics (R.d.H., J.A.M.S.), and Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences (G.A.R.), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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16
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Tsang MHY, Kwong AKY, Chan KLS, Fung JLF, Yu MHC, Mak CCY, Yeung KS, Rodenburg RJT, Smeitink JAM, Chan R, Tsoi T, Hui J, Wong SSN, Tai SM, Chan VCM, Ma CK, Fung STH, Wu SP, Chak WK, Chung BHY, Fung CW. Delineation of molecular findings by whole-exome sequencing for suspected cases of paediatric-onset mitochondrial diseases in the Southern Chinese population. Hum Genomics 2020; 14:28. [PMID: 32907636 PMCID: PMC7488033 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-020-00278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial diseases (MDs) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by defects in oxidative phosphorylation. Since clinical phenotypes of MDs may be non-specific, genetic diagnosis is crucial for guiding disease management. In the current study, whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed for our paediatric-onset MD cohort of a Southern Chinese origin, with the aim of identifying key disease-causing variants in the Chinese patients with MDs. METHODS We recruited Chinese patients who had paediatric-onset MDs and a minimum mitochondrial disease criteria (MDC) score of 3. Patients with positive target gene or mitochondrial DNA sequencing results were excluded. WES was performed, variants with population frequency ≤ 1% were analysed for pathogenicity on the basis of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines. RESULTS Sixty-six patients with pre-biopsy MDC scores of 3-8 were recruited. The overall diagnostic yield was 35% (23/66). Eleven patients (17%) were found to have mutations in MD-related genes, with COQ4 having the highest mutation rate owing to the Chinese-specific founder mutation (4/66, 6%). Twelve patients (12/66, 18%) had mutations in non-MD-related genes: ATP1A3 (n = 3, two were siblings), ALDH5A1, ARX, FA2H, KCNT1, LDHD, NEFL, NKX2-2, TBCK, and WAC. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed that the COQ4:c.370G>A, p.(Gly124Ser) variant, was a founder mutation among the Southern Chinese population. Screening for this mutation should therefore be considered while diagnosing Chinese patients suspected to have MDs. Furthermore, WES has proven to be useful in detecting variants in patients suspected to have MDs because it helps to obtain an unbiased and precise genetic diagnosis for these diseases, which are genetically heterogeneous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy H Y Tsang
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Anna K Y Kwong
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Kate L S Chan
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Jasmine L F Fung
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Mullin H C Yu
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Christopher C Y Mak
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Kit-San Yeung
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Richard J T Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Rachel Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Conde de São Januário (CHCSJ) Hospital, SAR, Macau, China
| | - Thomas Tsoi
- Department of Paediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Conde de São Januário (CHCSJ) Hospital, SAR, Macau, China
| | - Joannie Hui
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Doctors' Office, 9/F, Tower B, 1 Shing Cheong Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Shelia S N Wong
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Doctors' Office, 9/F, Tower B, 1 Shing Cheong Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Shuk-Mui Tai
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Victor C M Chan
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Che-Kwan Ma
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Sharon T H Fung
- Department of Paediatrics, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Shun-Ping Wu
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - W K Chak
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Brian H Y Chung
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Doctors' Office, 9/F, Tower B, 1 Shing Cheong Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Room 115, 1/F, New Clinical Building, 102 Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Duchess of Kent Children's Hospital, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
| | - Cheuk-Wing Fung
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China. .,Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Doctors' Office, 9/F, Tower B, 1 Shing Cheong Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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17
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Adjobo-Hermans MJW, de Haas R, Willems PHGM, Wojtala A, van Emst-de Vries SE, Wagenaars JA, van den Brand M, Rodenburg RJ, Smeitink JAM, Nijtmans LG, Sazanov LA, Wieckowski MR, Koopman WJH. NDUFS4 deletion triggers loss of NDUFA12 in Ndufs4 -/- mice and Leigh syndrome patients: A stabilizing role for NDUFAF2. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 2020; 1861:148213. [PMID: 32335026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in NDUFS4, which encodes an accessory subunit of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex I (CI), induce Leigh syndrome (LS). LS is a poorly understood pediatric disorder featuring brain-specific anomalies and early death. To study the LS pathomechanism, we here compared OXPHOS proteomes between various Ndufs4-/- mouse tissues. Ndufs4-/- animals displayed significantly lower CI subunit levels in brain/diaphragm relative to other tissues (liver/heart/kidney/skeletal muscle), whereas other OXPHOS subunit levels were not reduced. Absence of NDUFS4 induced near complete absence of the NDUFA12 accessory subunit, a 50% reduction in other CI subunit levels, and an increase in specific CI assembly factors. Among the latter, NDUFAF2 was most highly increased. Regarding NDUFS4, NDUFA12 and NDUFAF2, identical results were obtained in Ndufs4-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and NDUFS4-mutated LS patient cells. Ndufs4-/- MEFs contained active CI in situ but blue-native-PAGE highlighted that NDUFAF2 attached to an inactive CI subcomplex (CI-830) and inactive assemblies of higher MW. In NDUFA12-mutated LS patient cells, NDUFA12 absence did not reduce NDUFS4 levels but triggered NDUFAF2 association to active CI. BN-PAGE revealed no such association in LS patient fibroblasts with mutations in other CI subunit-encoding genes where NDUFAF2 was attached to CI-830 (NDUFS1, NDUFV1 mutation) or not detected (NDUFS7 mutation). Supported by enzymological and CI in silico structural analysis, we conclude that absence of NDUFS4 induces near complete absence of NDUFA12 but not vice versa, and that NDUFAF2 stabilizes active CI in Ndufs4-/- mice and LS patient cells, perhaps in concert with mitochondrial inner membrane lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel J W Adjobo-Hermans
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ria de Haas
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Sjenet E van Emst-de Vries
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jori A Wagenaars
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mariel van den Brand
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leo G Nijtmans
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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18
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van de Loo KFE, Custers JAE, Koene S, Klein IL, Janssen MCH, Smeitink JAM, Verhaak CM. Psychological functioning in children suspected for mitochondrial disease: the need for care. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:76. [PMID: 32209104 PMCID: PMC7092429 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-1342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mitochondrial diseases (MD) are generally serious and progressive, inherited metabolic diseases. There is a high comorbidity of anxiety and depression and limitations in daily functioning. The complexity and duration of the diagnostic process and lack of knowledge about prognosis leads to uncertainty. In this study, we investigated the psychological well-being of children who are suspected for MD and their parents. Methods In total 122 children suspected for MD and their parents, received questionnaires as part of standard clinical investigation. Results Parent proxy report revealed a lower quality of life (QoL) compared to norms and even more physical problems compared to chronically ill patients. They also reported more behavioral problems in general and more internalizing problems compared to the norms. Most frequent reported somatic complaints were tiredness and pain. Parents did not report enhanced levels of stress regarding parenting and experienced sufficient social support. At the end of the diagnostic process, 5.7% of the children received the genetically confirmed diagnosis of MD, 26% showed non-conclusive abnormalities in the muscle biopsy, 54% did not receive any diagnosis, and the remaining received other diagnoses. Strikingly, children without a diagnosis showed equally QoL and behavioral problems as children with a diagnosis, and even more internalizing problems. Conclusions This study highlights the psychological concerns of children with a suspicion of MD. It is important to realize that as well as children with a confirmed diagnosis, children without a diagnosis are vulnerable since explanation for their complaints is still lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim F E van de Loo
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, P.O. Box 9101, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - José A E Custers
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Koene
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Inge-Lot Klein
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christianne M Verhaak
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Medical Psychology, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, P.O. Box 9101, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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19
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Frambach SJCM, van de Wal MAE, van den Broek PHH, Smeitink JAM, Russel FGM, de Haas R, Schirris TJJ. Effects of clofibrate and KH176 on life span and motor function in mitochondrial complex I-deficient mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165727. [PMID: 32070771 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex I (CI), the first multiprotein enzyme complex of the OXPHOS system, executes a major role in cellular ATP generation. Consequently, dysfunction of this complex has been linked to inherited metabolic disorders, including Leigh disease (LD), an often fatal disease in early life. Development of clinical effective treatments for LD remains challenging due to the complex pathophysiological nature. Treatment with the peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR) agonist bezafibrate improved disease phenotype in several mitochondrial disease mouse models mediated via enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and fatty acid β-oxidation. However, the therapeutic potential of this mixed PPAR (α, δ/β, γ) agonist is severely hampered by hepatotoxicity, which is possibly caused by activation of PPARγ. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of the PPARα-specific fibrate clofibrate in mitochondrial CI-deficient (Ndufs4-/-) mice. Clofibrate increased lifespan and motor function of Ndufs4-/- mice, while only marginal hepatotoxic effects were observed. Due to the complex clinical and cellular phenotype of CI-deficiency, we also aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of clofibrate combined with the redox modulator KH176. As described previously, single treatment with KH176 was beneficial, however, combining clofibrate with KH176 did not result in an additive effect on disease phenotype in Ndufs4-/- mice. Overall, both drugs have promising, but independent and nonadditive, properties for the pharmacological treatment of CI-deficiency-related mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne J C M Frambach
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Melissa A E van de Wal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Petra H H van den Broek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Ria de Haas
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands; Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500 HB, the Netherlands.
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20
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Panneman DM, Wortmann SB, Haaxma CA, van Hasselt PM, Wolf NI, Hendriks Y, Küsters B, van Emst-de Vries S, van de Westerlo E, Koopman WJH, Wintjes L, van den Brandt F, de Vries M, Lefeber DJ, Smeitink JAM, Rodenburg RJ. Variants in NGLY1 lead to intellectual disability, myoclonus epilepsy, sensorimotor axonal polyneuropathy and mitochondrial dysfunction. Clin Genet 2020; 97:556-566. [PMID: 31957011 PMCID: PMC7078978 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
NGLY1 encodes the enzyme N‐glycanase that is involved in the degradation of glycoproteins as part of the endoplasmatic reticulum‐associated degradation pathway. Variants in this gene have been described to cause a multisystem disease characterized by neuromotor impairment, neuropathy, intellectual disability, and dysmorphic features. Here, we describe four patients with pathogenic variants in NGLY1. As the clinical features and laboratory results of the patients suggested a multisystem mitochondrial disease, a muscle biopsy had been performed. Biochemical analysis in muscle showed a strongly reduced ATP production rate in all patients, while individual OXPHOS enzyme activities varied from normal to reduced. No causative variants in any mitochondrial disease genes were found using mtDNA analysis and whole exome sequencing. In all four patients, variants in NGLY1 were identified, including two unreported variants (c.849T>G (p.(Cys283Trp)) and c.1067A>G (p.(Glu356Gly)). Western blot analysis of N‐glycanase in muscle and fibroblasts showed a complete absence of N‐glycanase. One patient showed a decreased basal and maximal oxygen consumption rates in fibroblasts. Mitochondrial morphofunction fibroblast analysis showed patient specific differences when compared to control cell lines. In conclusion, variants in NGLY1 affect mitochondrial energy metabolism which in turn might contribute to the clinical disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daan M Panneman
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia B Wortmann
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,University Children's Hospital, Paracelcus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria.,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Charlotte A Haaxma
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter M van Hasselt
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole I Wolf
- Department of Child Neurology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Hendriks
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Benno Küsters
- Department of Pathology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sjenet van Emst-de Vries
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Raboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Els van de Westerlo
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Raboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry, Raboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Wintjes
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frans van den Brandt
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maaike de Vries
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dirk J Lefeber
- Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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21
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de Haas R, Heltzel LCMW, Tax D, van den Broek P, Steenbreker H, Verheij MMM, Russel FGM, Orr AL, Nakamura K, Smeitink JAM. To be or not to be pink(1): contradictory findings in an animal model for Parkinson's disease. Brain Commun 2019; 1:fcz016. [PMID: 31667474 PMCID: PMC6798789 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 knockout rat (Pink1-/-) is marketed as an established model for Parkinson's disease, characterized by development of motor deficits and progressive degeneration of half the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta by 8 months of age. In this study, we address our concerns about the reproducibility of the Pink1-/- rat model. We evaluated behavioural function, number of substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons and extracellular striatal dopamine concentrations by in vivo microdialysis. Strikingly, we and others failed to observe any loss of dopaminergic neurons in 8-month-old male Pink1-/- rats. To understand this variability, we compared key experimental parameters from the different studies and provide explanations for contradictory findings. Although Pink1-/- rats developed behavioural deficits, these could not be attributed to nigrostriatal degeneration as there was no loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and no changes in neurotransmitter levels in the striatum. To maximize the benefit of Parkinson's disease research and limit the unnecessary use of laboratory animals, it is essential that the research community is aware of the limits of this animal model. Additional research is needed to identify reasons for inconsistency between Pink1-/- rat colonies and why degeneration in the substantia nigra is not consistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ria de Haas
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Correspondence to: Dr. Ria de Haas Department of Pediatrics Radboud University Medical Center PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands E-mail:
| | - Lisa C M W Heltzel
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Denise Tax
- Central Animal Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Petra van den Broek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hilbert Steenbreker
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel M M Verheij
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Centre for Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Adam L Orr
- Helen and Robert Appel Alzheimer's Disease Research Institute, Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ken Nakamura
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Khondrion BV, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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22
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de Laat P, van Engelen N, Wetzels JF, Smeitink JAM, Janssen MCH. Five non-mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes phenotype adult patients with m.3243A>G mutation after kidney transplantation: follow-up and review of the literature. Clin Kidney J 2019; 12:840-846. [PMID: 31807297 PMCID: PMC6885678 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfz020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Renal involvement in patients with the m.3243A>G mutation may result in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring renal replacement therapy. Although kidney transplantations have been performed in a small number of patients, short- and long-term follow-up data are lacking. Methods We describe five patients with the m.3243A<G mutation who received a kidney transplant, including follow-up data up to 13 years. We also summarize all cases (n = 13) of kidney transplantation in m.3243A>G carriers described in the literature. Results Proteinuria with or without renal failure was the first clinical presentation of renal involvement in 13 of 18 (72%) patients. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) was found in 9 of 13 (69%) biopsies. Sixteen of 18 (84%) patients developed hearing loss. All patients were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, of whom eight (44%) developed the disease after transplantation. All patients with reported follow-up data (13/18) had stable kidney function from 6 months to 13 years of follow-up after transplantation. Conclusions Renal involvement in carriers of the m.3243A>G mutation most commonly leads to proteinuria and FSGS and may lead to ESRD. Proper recognition of the mitochondrial origin of the renal disease in these patients is important for adequate treatment selection and suitable supportive care. This case series and review of the available literature on long-term follow-up after kidney transplantation shows it is feasible for non-mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes phenotype carriers of the m.3243A>G mutation to be considered for kidney transplantation in case of ESRD. These patients should not be excluded from transplant solely for their mitochondrial diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul de Laat
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nienke van Engelen
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jack F Wetzels
- Department of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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23
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Foriel S, Renkema GH, Lasarzewski Y, Berkhout J, Rodenburg RJ, Smeitink JAM, Beyrath J, Schenck A. A Drosophila Mitochondrial Complex I Deficiency Phenotype Array. Front Genet 2019; 10:245. [PMID: 30972103 PMCID: PMC6445954 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a group of rare life-threatening diseases often caused by defects in the oxidative phosphorylation system. No effective treatment is available for these disorders. Therapeutic development is hampered by the high heterogeneity in genetic, biochemical, and clinical spectra of mitochondrial diseases and by limited preclinical resources to screen and identify effective treatment candidates. Alternative models of the pathology are essential to better understand mitochondrial diseases and to accelerate the development of new therapeutics. The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is a cost- and time-efficient model that can recapitulate a wide range of phenotypes observed in patients suffering from mitochondrial disorders. We targeted three important subunits of complex I of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system with the flexible UAS-Gal4 system and RNA interference (RNAi): NDUFS4 (ND-18), NDUFS7 (ND-20), and NDUFV1 (ND-51). Using two ubiquitous driver lines at two temperatures, we established a collection of phenotypes relevant to complex I deficiencies. Our data offer models and phenotypes with different levels of severity that can be used for future therapeutic screenings. These include qualitative phenotypes that are amenable to high-throughput drug screening and quantitative phenotypes that require more resources but are likely to have increased potential and sensitivity to show modulation by drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Foriel
- Khondrion B.V., Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - G. Herma Renkema
- Khondrion B.V., Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Yvonne Lasarzewski
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Richard J. Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jan A. M. Smeitink
- Khondrion B.V., Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Annette Schenck
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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24
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Iannetti EF, Prigione A, Smeitink JAM, Koopman WJH, Beyrath J, Renkema H. Live-Imaging Readouts and Cell Models for Phenotypic Profiling of Mitochondrial Function. Front Genet 2019; 10:131. [PMID: 30881379 PMCID: PMC6405630 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are best known as the powerhouses of the cells but their cellular role goes far beyond energy production; among others, they have a pivotal function in cellular calcium and redox homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is often associated with severe and relatively rare disorders with an unmet therapeutic need. Given their central integrating role in multiple cellular pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction is also relevant in the pathogenesis of various other, more common, human pathologies. Here we discuss how live-cell high content microscopy can be used for image-based phenotypic profiling to assess mitochondrial (dys) function. From this perspective, we discuss a selection of live-cell fluorescent reporters and imaging strategies and discuss the pros/cons of human cell models in mitochondrial research. We also present an overview of live-cell high content microscopy applications used to detect disease-associated cellular phenotypes and perform cell-based drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eligio F. Iannetti
- Khondrion BV, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Jan A. M. Smeitink
- Khondrion BV, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Werner J. H. Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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25
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van Oppen LMPE, Pille J, Stuut C, van Stevendaal M, van der Vorm LN, Smeitink JAM, Koopman WJH, Willems PHGM, van Hest JCM, Brock R. Octa-arginine boosts the penetration of elastin-like polypeptide nanoparticles in 3D cancer models. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 137:175-184. [PMID: 30776413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) nanoparticles are a versatile platform for targeted drug delivery. As for any type of nanocarrier system, an important challenge remains the ability of deep (tumor) tissue penetration. In this study, ELP particles with controlled surface density of the cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) octa-arginine (R8) were created by temperature-induced co-assembly. ELPs formed micellar nanoparticles with a diameter of around 60 nm. Cellular uptake in human skin fibroblasts was directly dependent on the surface density of R8 as confirmed by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Remarkably, next to promoting cellular uptake, the presence of the CPP also enhanced penetration into spheroids generated from human glioblastoma U-87 cells. After 24 h, uptake into cells was observed in multiple layers towards the spheroid core. ELP particles not carrying any CPP did not penetrate. Clearly, a high CPP density exerted a dual benefit on cellular uptake and tissue penetration. At low nanoparticle concentration, there was evidence of a binding site barrier as observed for the penetration of molecules binding with high affinity to cell surface receptors. In conclusion, R8-functionalized ELP nanoparticles form an excellent delivery vehicle that combines tunability of surface characteristics with small and well-defined size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne M P E van Oppen
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Pille
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Department of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, PO Box 9010, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Christiaan Stuut
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen van Stevendaal
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Lisa N van der Vorm
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan C M van Hest
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, the Netherlands; Department of Bio-Organic Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, PO Box 9010, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Roland Brock
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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26
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de Laat P, Rodenburg RJ, Smeitink JAM, Janssen MCH. Intra-patient variability of heteroplasmy levels in urinary epithelial cells in carriers of the m.3243A>G mutation. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2018; 7:e00523. [PMID: 30516030 PMCID: PMC6393655 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mitochondrial DNA m.3243A>G mutation is one the most prevalent mutation causing mitochondrial disease in adult patients. Several cohort studies have used heteroplasmy levels in urinary epithelial cells (UEC) to correlate the genotype of the patients to the clinical severity. However, the interpretation of these data is hampered by a lack of knowledge on the intra‐patient variability of the heteroplasmy levels. The goal of this study was to determine the day‐to‐day variation of the heteroplasmy levels in UEC. Methods Fifteen carriers of the m.3243A>G mutation collected five urine samples in a 14‐day window. Heteroplasmy levels of the m.3243A>G mutation were determined in these samples. Data from the national cohort study, including Newcastle Mitochondrial Disease Adult Scale scores and clinical diagnosis, were used. Results In the samples of six patients, heteroplasmy levels were within a 5% margin. In the samples collected from five patients, the margin was >20%. Conclusion Heteroplasmy levels of UEC in carriers of the m.3243A>G mutation have a significant day‐to‐day variation. The interpretation of a correlation between heteroplasmy levels in urine and disease severity is therefore not reliable. Therefore, heteroplasmy levels in UEC should not be used as a prognostic biomarker in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul de Laat
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboudumc Amalia Childrens Hospital, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboudumc Amalia Childrens Hospital, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboudumc Amalia Childrens Hospital, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboudumc Amalia Childrens Hospital, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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27
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Koopman WJH, Verkaart S, van Emst-de Vries SE, Grefte S, Smeitink JAM, Nijtmans LGJ, Willems PHGM. Corrigendum to "Mitigation of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase deficiency by chronic Trolox treatment" [Biochimica et Biophysica Acta 1777/7-8 (2008) 853-859]. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 2018; 1859:1328. [PMID: 29883590 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands; Microscopical Imaging Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands.
| | - Sjoerd Verkaart
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands; Department of Paediatrics, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Sjenet E van Emst-de Vries
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Grefte
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Paediatrics, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Leo G J Nijtmans
- Department of Paediatrics, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands; Microscopical Imaging Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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28
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Baertling F, Sánchez-Caballero L, van den Brand MAM, Distelmaier F, Janssen MCH, Rodenburg RJT, Smeitink JAM, Nijtmans LGJ. A Heterozygous NDUFV1 Variant Aggravates Mitochondrial Complex I Deficiency in a Family with a Homoplasmic ND1 Variant. J Pediatr 2018; 196:309-313.e3. [PMID: 29395179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.12.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that a heterozygous nuclear variant in the gene encoding mitochondrial complex I subunit NDUFV1 aggravates the cellular phenotype in the presence of a mitochondrial DNA variant in complex I subunit ND1. Our findings suggest that heterozygous variants could be more significant in inherited mitochondrial diseases than hitherto assumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Baertling
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Laura Sánchez-Caballero
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mariël A M van den Brand
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Felix Distelmaier
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J T Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo G J Nijtmans
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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29
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Beyrath J, Pellegrini M, Renkema H, Houben L, Pecheritsyna S, van Zandvoort P, van den Broek P, Bekel A, Eftekhari P, Smeitink JAM. KH176 Safeguards Mitochondrial Diseased Cells from Redox Stress-Induced Cell Death by Interacting with the Thioredoxin System/Peroxiredoxin Enzyme Machinery. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6577. [PMID: 29700325 PMCID: PMC5920042 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24900-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A deficient activity of one or more of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) enzyme complexes leads to devastating diseases, with high unmet medical needs. Mitochondria, and more specifically the OXPHOS system, are the main cellular production sites of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Increased ROS production, ultimately leading to irreversible oxidative damage of macromolecules or to more selective and reversible redox modulation of cell signalling, is a causative hallmark of mitochondrial diseases. Here we report on the development of a new clinical-stage drug KH176 acting as a ROS-Redox modulator. Patient-derived primary skin fibroblasts were used to assess the potency of a new library of chromanyl-based compounds to reduce ROS levels and protect cells against redox-stress. The lead compound KH176 was studied in cell-based and enzymatic assays and in silico. Additionally, the metabolism, pharmacokinetics and toxicokinetics of KH176 were assessed in vivo in different animal species. We demonstrate that KH176 can effectively reduce increased cellular ROS levels and protect OXPHOS deficient primary cells against redox perturbation by targeting the Thioredoxin/Peroxiredoxin system. Due to its dual activity as antioxidant and redox modulator, KH176 offers a novel approach to the treatment of mitochondrial (-related) diseases. KH176 efficacy and safety are currently being evaluated in a Phase 2 clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Beyrath
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Mina Pellegrini
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Herma Renkema
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne Houben
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Petra van den Broek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboudumc, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Grooteplein Zuid 28, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Akkiz Bekel
- Inoviem Scientific SAS, Bioparc 3, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Pierre Eftekhari
- Inoviem Scientific SAS, Bioparc 3, 850 Boulevard Sébastien Brant, 67400, Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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30
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Foriel S, Beyrath J, Eidhof I, Rodenburg RJ, Schenck A, Smeitink JAM. Feeding difficulties, a key feature of the Drosophila NDUFS4 mitochondrial disease model. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm032482. [PMID: 29590638 PMCID: PMC5897729 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.032482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are associated with a wide variety of clinical symptoms and variable degrees of severity. Patients with such diseases generally have a poor prognosis and often an early fatal disease outcome. With an incidence of 1 in 5000 live births and no curative treatments available, relevant animal models to evaluate new therapeutic regimes for mitochondrial diseases are urgently needed. By knocking down ND-18, the unique Drosophila ortholog of NDUFS4, an accessory subunit of the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Complex I), we developed and characterized several dNDUFS4 models that recapitulate key features of mitochondrial disease. Like in humans, the dNDUFS4 KD flies display severe feeding difficulties, an aspect of mitochondrial disorders that has so far been largely ignored in animal models. The impact of this finding, and an approach to overcome it, will be discussed in the context of interpreting disease model characterization and intervention studies.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Foriel
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM) at the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Beyrath
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Eidhof
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM) at the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annette Schenck
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525 EX, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM) at the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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31
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Allard NAE, Schirris TJJ, Verheggen RJ, Russel FGM, Rodenburg RJ, Smeitink JAM, Thompson PD, Hopman MTE, Timmers S. Statins Affect Skeletal Muscle Performance: Evidence for Disturbances in Energy Metabolism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018; 103:75-84. [PMID: 29040646 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2017-01561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Statin myopathy is linked to disturbances in mitochondrial function and exercise intolerance. OBJECTIVES To determine whether differences exist in exercise performance, muscle function, and muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity and content between symptomatic and asymptomatic statin users, and control subjects. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center. PARTICIPANTS Long-term symptomatic and asymptomatic statin users, and control subjects (n = 10 per group). INTERVENTIONS Maximal incremental cycling tests, involuntary electrically stimulated isometric quadriceps-muscle contractions, and biopsy of vastus lateralis muscle. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURED Maximal exercise capacity, substrate use during exercise, muscle function, and mitochondrial energy metabolism. RESULTS Peak oxygen uptake, maximal work load, and ventilatory efficiency were comparable between groups, but both statin groups had a depressed anaerobic threshold compared with the control group (P = 0.01). Muscle relaxation time was prolonged in both statin groups compared with the control group and rate of maximal force rise was decreased (Ptime×group < 0.001 for both measures). Mitochondrial activity of complexes II and IV was lower in symptomatic statin users than control subjects and tended to be lower for complex (C) III (CII: P = 0.03; CIII: P = 0.05; CIV: P = 0.04). Mitochondrial content tended to be lower in both statin groups than in control subjects. CONCLUSION Statin use attenuated substrate use during maximal exercise performance, induced muscle fatigue during repeated muscle contractions, and decreased muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity. This suggests disturbances in mitochondrial oxidative capacity occur with statin use even in patients without statin-induced muscle complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeltje A E Allard
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rebecca J Verheggen
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Paul D Thompson
- Division of Cardiology, Hartford Hospital, Hartford, Connecticut
| | - Maria T E Hopman
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Silvie Timmers
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Koene S, Timmermans J, Weijers G, de Laat P, de Korte CL, Smeitink JAM, Janssen MCH, Kapusta L. Is 2D speckle tracking echocardiography useful for detecting and monitoring myocardial dysfunction in adult m.3243A>G carriers? - a retrospective pilot study. J Inherit Metab Dis 2017; 40:247-259. [PMID: 28054208 PMCID: PMC5306433 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-016-0001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cardiomyopathy is a common complication of mitochondrial disorders, associated with increased mortality. Two dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) can be used to quantify myocardial deformation. Here, we aimed to determine the usefulness of 2DSTE in detecting and monitoring subtle changes in myocardial dysfunction in carriers of the 3243A>G mutation in mitochondrial DNA. METHODS In this retrospective pilot study, 30 symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers of the mitochondrial 3243A>G mutation of whom two subsequent echocardiograms were available were included. We measured longitudinal, circumferential and radial strain using 2DSTE. Results were compared to published reference values. RESULTS Speckle tracking was feasible in 90 % of the patients for longitudinal strain. Circumferential and radial strain showed low face validity (low number of images with sufficient quality; suboptimal tracking) and were therefore rejected for further analysis. Global longitudinal strain showed good face validity, and was abnormal in 56-70 % (depending on reference values used) of the carriers (n = 27). Reproducibility was good (mean difference of 0.83 for inter- and 0.40 for intra-rater reproducibility; ICC 0.78 and 0.89, respectively). The difference between the first and the second measurement exceeded the measurement variance in 39 % of the cases (n = 23; feasibility of follow-up 77 %). DISCUSSION Even in data collected as part of clinical care, two-dimensional strain echocardiography seems a feasible method to detect and monitor subtle changes in longitudinal myocardial deformation in adult carriers of the mitochondrial 3243A>G mutation. Based on our data and the reported accuracy of global longitudinal strain in other studies, we suggest the use of global longitudinal strain in a prospective follow-up or intervention study.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koene
- Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - J Timmermans
- Department of Cardiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - G Weijers
- Clinical Physics Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - P de Laat
- Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - C L de Korte
- Clinical Physics Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J A M Smeitink
- Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M C H Janssen
- Radboud Centre for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - L Kapusta
- Department of Paediatrics, Paediatric Cardiology Unit, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Children's Heart Center, Radboudumc, Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Koene S, Dirks I, van Mierlo E, de Vries PR, Janssen AJWM, Smeitink JAM, Bergsma A, Essers H, Meijer K, de Groot IJM. Domains of Daily Physical Activity in Children with Mitochondrial Disease: A 3D Accelerometry Approach. JIMD Rep 2017; 36:7-17. [PMID: 28092092 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2016_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Feasible, sensitive and clinically relevant outcome measures are of extreme importance when designing clinical trials. For paediatric mitochondrial disease, no robust end point has been described to date. The aim of this study was to select the domains of daily physical activity, which can be measured by 3D accelerometry, that could serve as sensitive end points in future clinical trials in children with mitochondrial disorders.In this exploratory observational study, 17 patients with mitochondrial disease and 16 age- and sex-matched controls wore 3D accelerometers at the upper leg, upper arm, lower arm and chest during one weekend. Using the raw data obtained by the accelerometers, we calculated the following outcome measures: (1) average amount of counts per hour the sensors were worn; (2) the maximal intensity; (3) the largest area under the curve during 30 min and (4) categorized activities lying, standing or being dynamically active. Measuring physical activity during the whole weekend was practically feasible in all participants. We found good face validity by visually correlating the validation videos and activity diaries to the accelerometer data-graphs. Patients with mitochondrial disorders had significantly lower peak intensity and were resting more, compared to their age- and sex-matched peers.Finally, we suggest domains of physical activity that could be included when measuring daily physical activity in children with mitochondrial disorders, preferably using more user-friendly devices. These include peak activity parameters for the arms (all patients) and legs (ambulatory patients). We recommend using or developing devices that measure these domains of physical activity in future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Koene
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center, PO BOX 9101, Geert Grooteplein 10, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.
| | - Ilse Dirks
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center, PO BOX 9101, Geert Grooteplein 10, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Esmee van Mierlo
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center, PO BOX 9101, Geert Grooteplein 10, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Pascal R de Vries
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center, PO BOX 9101, Geert Grooteplein 10, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Anjo J W M Janssen
- Donders Center for Neuroscience, Department of Rehabilitation, Pediatric Physical Therapy, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center, PO BOX 9101, Geert Grooteplein 10, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Arjen Bergsma
- Donders Center for Neuroscience, Department of Rehabilitation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Essers
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth Meijer
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Imelda J M de Groot
- Department of Paediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine (RCMM), Radboud University Medical Center, PO BOX 9101, Geert Grooteplein 10, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
- Donders Center for Neuroscience, Department of Rehabilitation, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Liemburg-Apers DC, Wagenaars JAL, Smeitink JAM, Willems PHGM, Koopman WJH. Acute stimulation of glucose influx upon mitoenergetic dysfunction requires LKB1, AMPK, Sirt2 and mTOR-RAPTOR. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:4411-4423. [PMID: 27793977 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.194480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play a central role in cellular energy production, and their dysfunction can trigger a compensatory increase in glycolytic flux to sustain cellular ATP levels. Here, we studied the mechanism of this homeostatic phenomenon in C2C12 myoblasts. Acute (30 min) mitoenergetic dysfunction induced by the mitochondrial inhibitors piericidin A and antimycin A stimulated Glut1-mediated glucose uptake without altering Glut1 (also known as SLC2A1) mRNA or plasma membrane levels. The serine/threonine liver kinase B1 (LKB1; also known as STK11) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) played a central role in this stimulation. In contrast, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM; a potential AMPK kinase) and hydroethidium (HEt)-oxidizing reactive oxygen species (ROS; increased in piericidin-A- and antimycin-A-treated cells) appeared not to be involved in the stimulation of glucose uptake. Treatment with mitochondrial inhibitors increased NAD+ and NADH levels (associated with a lower NAD+:NADH ratio) but did not affect the level of Glut1 acetylation. Stimulation of glucose uptake was greatly reduced by chemical inhibition of Sirt2 or mTOR-RAPTOR. We propose that mitochondrial dysfunction triggers LKB1-mediated AMPK activation, which stimulates Sirt2 phosphorylation, leading to activation of mTOR-RAPTOR and Glut1-mediated glucose uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania C Liemburg-Apers
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jori A L Wagenaars
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands .,Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, 6500HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, 6525GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Koene S, Hendriks JCM, Dirks I, de Boer L, de Vries MC, Janssen MCH, Smuts I, Fung CW, Wong VCN, de Coo IRFM, Vill K, Stendel C, Klopstock T, Falk MJ, McCormick EM, McFarland R, de Groot IJM, Smeitink JAM. International Paediatric Mitochondrial Disease Scale. J Inherit Metab Dis 2016; 39:705-712. [PMID: 27277220 PMCID: PMC4987390 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-016-9948-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is an urgent need for reliable and universally applicable outcome measures for children with mitochondrial diseases. In this study, we aimed to adapt the currently available Newcastle Paediatric Mitochondrial Disease Scale (NPMDS) to the International Paediatric Mitochondrial Disease Scale (IPMDS) during a Delphi-based process with input from international collaborators, patients and caretakers, as well as a pilot reliability study in eight patients. Subsequently, we aimed to test the feasibility, construct validity and reliability of the IPMDS in a multicentre study. METHODS A clinically, biochemically and genetically heterogeneous group of 17 patients (age 1.6-16 years) from five different expert centres from four different continents were evaluated in this study. RESULTS The feasibility of the IPMDS was good, as indicated by a low number of missing items (4 %) and the positive evaluation of patients, parents and users. Principal component analysis of our small sample identified three factors, which explained 57.9 % of the variance. Good construct validity was found using hypothesis testing. The overall interrater reliability was good [median intraclass correlation coefficient for agreement between raters (ICCagreement) 0.85; range 0.23-0.99). CONCLUSION In conclusion, we suggest using the IPMDS for assessing natural history in children with mitochondrial diseases. These data should be used to further explore construct validity of the IPMDS and to set age limits. In parallel, responsiveness and the minimal clinically important difference should be studied to facilitate sample size calculations in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Koene
- Radboudn Center for Mitochondrial Medicine at the Department of Paediatrics, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein 10. 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan C M Hendriks
- Department of Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse Dirks
- Radboudn Center for Mitochondrial Medicine at the Department of Paediatrics, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein 10. 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lonneke de Boer
- Radboudn Center for Mitochondrial Medicine at the Department of Paediatrics, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein 10. 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike C de Vries
- Radboudn Center for Mitochondrial Medicine at the Department of Paediatrics, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein 10. 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Radboudn Center for Mitochondrial Medicine at the Department of Paediatrics, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein 10. 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Izelle Smuts
- Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Cheuk-Wing Fung
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Virginia C N Wong
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | - Katharina Vill
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine, Dr. v. Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Stendel
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Klopstock
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Baur-Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Marni J Falk
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Elizabeth M McCormick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Imelda J M de Groot
- Radboudn Center for Mitochondrial Medicine at the Department of Paediatrics, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein 10. 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Rehabilitation, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboudn Center for Mitochondrial Medicine at the Department of Paediatrics, Radboudumc, Geert Grooteplein 10. 6500 HB, PO BOX 9101, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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de Laat P, Janssen MCH, Alston CL, Taylor RW, Rodenburg RJT, Smeitink JAM. Three families with 'de novo' m.3243A > G mutation. BBA Clin 2016; 6:19-24. [PMID: 27331024 PMCID: PMC4900294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The m.3243A > G mutation is the most prevalent, disease-causing mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation. In a national cohort study of 48 families harbouring the m.3243A > G mutation, we identified three families in which the mutation appeared to occur sporadically within these families. In this report we describe these three families. Based on detailed mtDNA analysis of three different tissues using two different quantitative pyrosequencing assays with sensitivity to a level of 1% mutated mtDNA, we conclude that the m.3243A > G mutation has arisen de novo in each of these families. The symptomatic carriers presented with a variety of symptoms frequently observed in patients harbouring the m.3243A > G mutation. A more severe phenotype is seen in the de novo families compared to recent cohort studies, which might be due to reporting bias. The observation that de novo m.3243A > G mutations exist is of relevance for both diagnostic investigations and genetic counselling. Firstly, even where there is no significant (maternal) family history in patients with stroke-like episodes, diabetes and deafness or other unexplained organ dysfunction, the m.3243A > G mutation should be screened as a possible cause of the disease. Second, analysis of maternally-related family members is highly recommended to provide reliable counselling for these families, given that the m.3243A > G mutation may have arisen de novo. De novo m.3243A > G mutations are more frequent than previously reported. Even in absence of a family history, the. m.3243A > G mutation should be considered. Testing maternally-related family members is needed to provide reliable counselling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul de Laat
- Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboud University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte L Alston
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Richard J T Rodenburg
- Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboud University Medical Center Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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de Laat P, Fleuren LHJ, Bekker MN, Smeitink JAM, Janssen MCH. Obstetric complications in carriers of the m.3243A>G mutation, a retrospective cohort study on maternal and fetal outcome. Mitochondrion 2015; 25:98-103. [PMID: 26455484 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mitochondrial DNA m.3243A>G mutation is the most prevalent mutation causing mitochondrial disease in adult patients. Aside from some case reports, there are no studies on obstetric complications in a cohort of m.3243A>G carriers. We aimed to identify the prevalence of obstetric complications in a cohort of women carrying the m.3243A>G mutation. METHODS All female carriers of the m.3243A>G mutation known from our previous national inventory were sent a questionnaire regarding their obstetric history. Data were compared to national references. Data from the national inventory, including NMDAS (disease severity) scores and heteroplasmy levels in urinary epithelial cells (UEC) were used to stratify women. RESULTS Sixty women participated, the mean age was 47 years (range 20-70), mean NMDAS was 14.6 (range 0-46), and mean heteroplasmy percentage in UEC was 19.9% (range 5-85%). Ninety-eight pregnancies in 46 women were reported. Twenty-three (25.3%) had a premature delivery and five of them (5.5%) had a gestation of ≤ 32 weeks and eleven of the women (12%) suffered from preeclampsia. No different heteroplasmy level was found in the women with preeclampsia. Nine pregnancies (11%) were complicated by gestational diabetes. DISCUSSION Obstetric complications occur frequently in carriers of the m.3243A>G mutation. Proper guidance during pregnancies and early detection of possible obstetric complications are needed. As techniques to prevent transmission of mitochondrial mutations are studied it is important to know the possible complications patients may experience from the ensuing pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul de Laat
- Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Leanne H J Fleuren
- Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mireille N Bekker
- Radboudumc, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Radboudumc, Department of Internal Medicine, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J. J. Schirris
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics of the Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tina Ritschel
- Computational
Discovery and Design Group, Center for Molecular and Biomolecular
Informatics (CMBI), Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Bilos
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A. M. Smeitink
- Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics of the Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department
of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Frans G. M. Russel
- Department
of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics of the Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Schirris TJJ, Renkema GH, Ritschel T, Voermans NC, Bilos A, van Engelen BGM, Brandt U, Koopman WJH, Beyrath JD, Rodenburg RJ, Willems PHGM, Smeitink JAM, Russel FGM. Statin-Induced Myopathy Is Associated with Mitochondrial Complex III Inhibition. Cell Metab 2015; 22:399-407. [PMID: 26331605 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Revised: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol-lowering statins effectively reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events. Myopathy is the most important adverse effect, but its underlying mechanism remains enigmatic. In C2C12 myoblasts, several statin lactones reduced respiratory capacity and appeared to be strong inhibitors of mitochondrial complex III (CIII) activity, up to 84% inhibition. The lactones were in general three times more potent inducers of cytotoxicity than their corresponding acid forms. The Qo binding site of CIII was identified as off-target of the statin lactones. These findings could be confirmed in muscle tissue of patients suffering from statin-induced myopathies, in which CIII enzyme activity was reduced by 18%. Respiratory inhibition in C2C12 myoblasts could be attenuated by convergent electron flow into CIII, restoring respiration up to 89% of control. In conclusion, CIII inhibition was identified as a potential off-target mechanism associated with statin-induced myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom J J Schirris
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands; Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - G Herma Renkema
- Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands; Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Tina Ritschel
- Computational Discovery and Design Group, Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics (CMBI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Nicol C Voermans
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Albert Bilos
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Baziel G M van Engelen
- Department of Neurology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Ulrich Brandt
- Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands; Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Julien D Beyrath
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands; Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands; Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands; Department of Biochemistry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands; Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands.
| | - Frans G M Russel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands; Center for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen 6500HB, the Netherlands.
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40
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Danhauser K, Smeitink JAM, Freisinger P, Sperl W, Sabir H, Hadzik B, Mayatepek E, Morava E, Distelmaier F. Treatment options for lactic acidosis and metabolic crisis in children with mitochondrial disease. J Inherit Metab Dis 2015; 38:467-75. [PMID: 25687154 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-014-9796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation route is a tightly regulated process, which is essential for aerobic cellular energy production. Disruption of this pathway may lead to severe neurometabolic disorders with onset in early childhood. A frequent finding in these patients is acute and chronic lactic acidemia, which is caused by increased conversion of pyruvate via the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. Under stable clinical conditions, this process may remain well compensated and does not require specific therapy. However, especially in situations with altered energy demands, such as febrile infections or longer periods of fasting, children with mitochondrial disorders have a high risk of metabolic decompensation with exacerbation of hyperlactatemia and severe metabolic acidosis. Unfortunately, no controlled studies regarding therapy of this critical condition are available and clinical outcome is often unfavorable. Therefore, the aim of this review was to formulate expert-based suggestions for treatment of these patients, including dietary recommendations, buffering strategies and specific drug therapy. However, it is important to keep in mind that a specific therapy for the underlying metabolic cause in children with mitochondrial diseases is usually not available and symptomatic therapy especially of severe lactic acidosis has its ethical limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Danhauser
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr. 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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41
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Franik S, Huidekoper HH, Visser G, de Vries M, de Boer L, Hermans-Peters M, Rodenburg R, Verhaak C, Vlieger AM, Smeitink JAM, Janssen MCH, Wortmann SB. High prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine use in patients with genetically proven mitochondrial disorders. J Inherit Metab Dis 2015; 38:477-82. [PMID: 25303853 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-014-9773-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite major advances in understanding the pathophysiology of mitochondrial diseases, clinical management of these conditions remains largely supportive, and no effective treatment is available. We therefore assumed that the burden of disease combined with the lack of adequate treatment leaves open a big market for complementary and alternative medicine use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use and perceived effectiveness of complementary and alternative medicine in children and adults with genetically proven mitochondrial disease. The reported use was surprisingly high, with 88% of children and 91% of adults having used some kind of complementary and alternative medicine in the last 2 years. Also, the mean cost of these treatments was impressive, being <euro>489/year for children and <euro>359/year for adult patients. Over-the-counter remedies (e.g., food supplements, homeopathy) and self-help techniques (e.g., Reiki, yoga) were the most frequently used complementary and alternative therapies in our cohort: 54% of children and 60% of adults reported the various complementary and alternative medicine therapies to be effective. Given the fact that currently no effective treatment exists, further research toward the different therapies is needed, as our study clearly demonstrates that such therapies are highly sought after by affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Franik
- Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (NCMD) at the Amalia Children's Hospital, Radboudumc, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Wortmann SB, van Hasselt PM, Barić I, Burlina A, Darin N, Hörster F, Coker M, Ucar SK, Krumina Z, Naess K, Ngu LH, Pronicka E, Riordan G, Santer R, Wassmer E, Zschocke J, Schiff M, de Meirleir L, Alowain MA, Smeitink JAM, Morava E, Kozicz T, Wevers RA, Wolf NI, Willemsen MA. Eyes on MEGDEL: distinctive basal ganglia involvement in dystonia deafness syndrome. Neuropediatrics 2015; 46:98-103. [PMID: 25642805 DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1399755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric movement disorders are still a diagnostic challenge, as many patients remain without a (genetic) diagnosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pattern recognition can lead to the diagnosis. MEGDEL syndrome (3-MethylGlutaconic aciduria, Deafness, Encephalopathy, Leigh-like syndrome MIM #614739) is a clinically and biochemically highly distinctive dystonia deafness syndrome accompanied by 3-methylglutaconic aciduria, severe developmental delay, and progressive spasticity. Mutations are found in SERAC1, encoding a phosphatidylglycerol remodeling enzyme essential for both mitochondrial function and intracellular cholesterol trafficking. Based on the homogenous phenotype, we hypothesized an accordingly characteristic MRI pattern. A total of 43 complete MRI studies of 30 patients were systematically reevaluated. All patients presented a distinctive brain MRI pattern with five characteristic disease stages affecting the basal ganglia, especially the putamen. In stage 1, T2 signal changes of the pallidum are present. In stage 2, swelling of the putamen and caudate nucleus is seen. The dorsal putamen contains an "eye" that shows no signal alteration and (thus) seems to be spared during this stage of the disease. It later increases, reflecting progressive putaminal involvement. This "eye" was found in all patients with MEGDEL syndrome during a specific age range, and has not been reported in other disorders, making it pathognomonic for MEDGEL and allowing diagnosis based on MRI findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia B Wortmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter M van Hasselt
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ivo Barić
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Centre Zagreb and University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Alberto Burlina
- Division of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Niklas Darin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Gothenburg, The Queen Silvia's Children Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Friederike Hörster
- Department of General Pediatrics, Division of Inborn Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mahmut Coker
- Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sema Kalkan Ucar
- Department of Pediatrics, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zita Krumina
- Medical Genetics Clinic, Children's University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
| | - Karin Naess
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lock H Ngu
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Genetics, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ewa Pronicka
- Department of Metabolic Diseases, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gilian Riordan
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Red Cross War Memorial Children's Hospital and University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rene Santer
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Johannes Zschocke
- Division of Human Genetics, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manuel Schiff
- Reference Center for Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Hôpital Robert Debré, APHP, INSERM U1141 and Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Linda de Meirleir
- Pediatric Neurology and Metabolic Diseases, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel), Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mohammed A Alowain
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Morava
- Hayward Genetics Center and Department of Pediatrics, Tulane University Medical School, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Tamas Kozicz
- Department of Anatomy, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ron A Wevers
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Genetic, Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases (LGEM), Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole I Wolf
- Department of Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, and Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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43
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Alam MT, Manjeri GR, Rodenburg RJ, Smeitink JAM, Notebaart RA, Huynen M, Willems PHGM, Koopman WJH. Skeletal muscle mitochondria of NDUFS4-/- mice display normal maximal pyruvate oxidation and ATP production. Biochim Biophys Acta 2015; 1847:526-33. [PMID: 25687896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial ATP production is mediated by the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system, which consists of four multi-subunit complexes (CI-CIV) and the FoF1-ATP synthase (CV). Mitochondrial disorders including Leigh Syndrome often involve CI dysfunction, the pathophysiological consequences of which still remain incompletely understood. Here we combined experimental and computational strategies to gain mechanistic insight into the energy metabolism of isolated skeletal muscle mitochondria from 5-week-old wild-type (WT) and CI-deficient NDUFS4-/- (KO) mice. Enzyme activity measurements in KO mitochondria revealed a reduction of 79% in maximal CI activity (Vmax), which was paralleled by 45-72% increase in Vmax of CII, CIII, CIV and citrate synthase. Mathematical modeling of mitochondrial metabolism predicted that these Vmax changes do not affect the maximal rates of pyruvate (PYR) oxidation and ATP production in KO mitochondria. This prediction was empirically confirmed by flux measurements. In silico analysis further predicted that CI deficiency altered the concentration of intermediate metabolites, modestly increased mitochondrial NADH/NAD+ ratio and stimulated the lower half of the TCA cycle, including CII. Several of the predicted changes were previously observed in experimental models of CI-deficiency. Interestingly, model predictions further suggested that CI deficiency only has major metabolic consequences when its activity decreases below 90% of normal levels, compatible with a biochemical threshold effect. Taken together, our results suggest that mouse skeletal muscle mitochondria possess a substantial CI overcapacity, which minimizes the effects of CI dysfunction on mitochondrial metabolism in this otherwise early fatal mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad T Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, RIMLS, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ganesh R Manjeri
- Department of Biochemistry, RIMLS, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, NCMD, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, NCMD, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Richard A Notebaart
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, RIMLS, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Martijn Huynen
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, RIMLS, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry, RIMLS, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, RIMLS, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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44
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Iannetti EF, Willems PHGM, Pellegrini M, Beyrath J, Smeitink JAM, Blanchet L, Koopman WJH. Toward high-content screening of mitochondrial morphology and membrane potential in living cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 63:66-70. [PMID: 25668473 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are double membrane organelles involved in various key cellular processes. Governed by dedicated protein machinery, mitochondria move and continuously fuse and divide. These "mitochondrial dynamics" are bi-directionally linked to mitochondrial and cell functional state in space and time. Due to the action of the electron transport chain (ETC), the mitochondrial inner membrane displays a inside-negative membrane potential (Δψ). The latter is considered a functional readout of mitochondrial "health" and required to sustain normal mitochondrial ATP production and mitochondrial fusion. During the last decade, live-cell microscopy strategies were developed for simultaneous quantification of Δψ and mitochondrial morphology. This revealed that ETC dysfunction, changes in Δψ and aberrations in mitochondrial structure often occur in parallel, suggesting they are linked potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Here we discuss how combining high-content and high-throughput strategies can be used for analysis of genetic and/or drug-induced effects at the level of individual organelles, cells and cell populations. This article is part of a Directed Issue entitled: Energy Metabolism Disorders and Therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- Khondrion BV, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Khondrion BV, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondria disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Werner J H Koopman
- Khondrion BV, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Blanchet L, Smeitink JAM, van Emst-de Vries SE, Vogels C, Pellegrini M, Jonckheere AI, Rodenburg RJT, Buydens LMC, Beyrath J, Willems PHGM, Koopman WJH. Quantifying small molecule phenotypic effects using mitochondrial morpho-functional fingerprinting and machine learning. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8035. [PMID: 25620325 PMCID: PMC4306129 DOI: 10.1038/srep08035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In primary fibroblasts from Leigh Syndrome (LS) patients, isolated mitochondrial complex I deficiency is associated with increased reactive oxygen species levels and mitochondrial morpho-functional changes. Empirical evidence suggests these aberrations constitute linked therapeutic targets for small chemical molecules. However, the latter generally induce multiple subtle effects, meaning that in vitro potency analysis or single-parameter high-throughput cell screening are of limited use to identify these molecules. We combine automated image quantification and artificial intelligence to discriminate between primary fibroblasts of a healthy individual and a LS patient based upon their mitochondrial morpho-functional phenotype. We then evaluate the effects of newly developed Trolox variants in LS patient cells. This revealed that Trolox ornithylamide hydrochloride best counterbalanced mitochondrial morpho-functional aberrations, effectively scavenged ROS and increased the maximal activity of mitochondrial complexes I, IV and citrate synthase. Our results suggest that Trolox-derived antioxidants are promising candidates in therapy development for human mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Blanchet
- 1] Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands [2] Analytical Chemistry/Chemometrics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, postvak 61P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands [3] Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands [4] Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- 1] Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands [2] Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands [3] Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10PO BOX 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sjenet E van Emst-de Vries
- 1] Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands [2] Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Caroline Vogels
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mina Pellegrini
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - An I Jonckheere
- Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10PO BOX 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Richard J T Rodenburg
- 1] Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands [2] Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Geert Grooteplein 10PO BOX 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Lutgarde M C Buydens
- 1] Analytical Chemistry/Chemometrics, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, postvak 61P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands [2] Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Beyrath
- Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H G M Willems
- 1] Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands [2] Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands [3] Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- 1] Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9101, NL-6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands [2] Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands [3] Khondrion BV, Philips van Leydenlaan 15, 6525EX Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Distelmaier F, Valsecchi F, Liemburg-Apers DC, Lebiedzinska M, Rodenburg RJ, Heil S, Keijer J, Fransen J, Imamura H, Danhauser K, Seibt A, Viollet B, Gellerich FN, Smeitink JAM, Wieckowski MR, Willems PHGM, Koopman WJH. Mitochondrial dysfunction in primary human fibroblasts triggers an adaptive cell survival program that requires AMPK-α. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:529-40. [PMID: 25536029 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2014] [Revised: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Dysfunction of complex I (CI) of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) features prominently in human pathology. Cell models of ETC dysfunction display adaptive survival responses that still are poorly understood but of relevance for therapy development. Here we comprehensively examined how primary human skin fibroblasts adapt to chronic CI inhibition. CI inhibition triggered transient and sustained changes in metabolism, redox homeostasis and mitochondrial (ultra)structure but no cell senescence/death. CI-inhibited cells consumed no oxygen and displayed minor mitochondrial depolarization, reverse-mode action of complex V, a slower proliferation rate and futile mitochondrial biogenesis. Adaptation was neither prevented by antioxidants nor associated with increased PGC1-α/SIRT1/mTOR levels. Survival of CI-inhibited cells was strictly glucose-dependent and accompanied by increased AMPK-α phosphorylation, which occurred without changes in ATP or cytosolic calcium levels. Conversely, cells devoid of AMPK-α died upon CI inhibition. Chronic CI inhibition did not increase mitochondrial superoxide levels or cellular lipid peroxidation and was paralleled by a specific increase in SOD2/GR, whereas SOD1/CAT/Gpx1/Gpx2/Gpx5 levels remained unchanged. Upon hormone stimulation, fully adapted cells displayed aberrant cytosolic and ER calcium handling due to hampered ATP fueling of ER calcium pumps. It is concluded that CI dysfunction triggers an adaptive program that depends on extracellular glucose and AMPK-α. This response avoids cell death by suppressing energy crisis, oxidative stress induction and substantial mitochondrial depolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Distelmaier
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Federica Valsecchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Dania C Liemburg-Apers
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Heil
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Keijer
- Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Wageningen University, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jack Fransen
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hiromi Imamura
- The Hakubi Project, Kyoto University, 606-8501 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katharina Danhauser
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Annette Seibt
- Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, University Children's Hospital, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Benoit Viollet
- Institut Cochin, NSERM U1016, Université Paris Descartes, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Frank N Gellerich
- Department of Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Department of Pediatrics, Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter H G M Willems
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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47
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Blanchet L, Grefte S, Smeitink JAM, Willems PHGM, Koopman WJH. Photo-induction and automated quantification of reversible mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in primary mouse myotubes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114090. [PMID: 25423172 PMCID: PMC4244163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is involved in various cellular processes including apoptosis induction. Two distinct states of mPTP opening have been identified allowing the transfer of molecules with a molecular weight <1500 Da or <300 Da. The latter state is considered to be reversible and suggested to play a role in normal cell physiology. Here we present a strategy combining live-cell imaging and computer-assisted image processing allowing spatial visualization and quantitative analysis of reversible mPTP openings ("ΔΨ flickering") in primary mouse myotubes. The latter were stained with the photosensitive cation TMRM, which partitions between the cytosol and mitochondrial matrix as a function of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ). Controlled illumination of TMRM-stained primary mouse myotubes induced ΔΨ flickering in particular parts of the cell ("flickering domains"). A novel quantitative automated analysis was developed and validated to detect and quantify the frequency, size, and location of individual ΔΨ flickering events in myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Blanchet
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Analytical Chemistry/Chemometrics, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Grefte
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A. M. Smeitink
- Department of Paediatrics, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial disorders, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H. G. M. Willems
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Werner J. H. Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Systems Biology and Bioenergetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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48
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McCann BJ, Tuppen HAL, Küsters B, Lammens M, Smeitink JAM, Taylor RW, Rodenburg RJ, Wortmann SB. A novel mitochondrial DNA m.7507A>G mutation is only pathogenic at high levels of heteroplasmy. Neuromuscul Disord 2014; 25:262-7. [PMID: 25497401 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We present a Dutch family with a novel disease-causing mutation in the mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(UCN)) gene, m.7507A>G. The index patient died during the neonatal period due to cardio-respiratory failure and fatal lactic acidosis. A second patient, his cousin, has severe hearing loss necessitating cochlear implants and progressive exercise intolerance. Laboratory investigations of both patients revealed combined deficiencies of the enzyme complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain in several tissues. Reduced levels of fully assembled complexes I and IV in fibroblasts by BN-PAGE associated with (near) homoplasmic levels of the m.7507A>G mutation in several tissues and a severe reduction in the steady-state level of mt-tRNA(Ser(UCN)) in fibroblasts were observed. The novel mitochondrial DNA mutation was shown to segregate with disease; several healthy maternal family members showed high heteroplasmy levels (up to 76 ± 4% in blood and 68 ± 4% in fibroblasts) which did not lead to any alterations in the activities of the enzyme complexes of the respiratory chain in fibroblasts or clinical signs and symptoms. We hereby conclude that the m.7507A>G mutation causes a heterogeneous clinical phenotype and is only pathogenic at very high levels of mtDNA heteroplasmy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverly Jo McCann
- Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (NCMD), Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Biology, Darmstadt University of Technology, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Helen A L Tuppen
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Benno Küsters
- Department of Pathology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Lammens
- Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (NCMD), Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (NCMD), Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia B Wortmann
- Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (NCMD), Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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49
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Koene S, de Laat P, van Tienoven DH, Vriens D, Brandt AM, Sweep FCGJ, Rodenburg RJT, Donders ART, Janssen MCH, Smeitink JAM. Serum FGF21 levels in adult m.3243A>G carriers: clinical implications. Neurology 2014; 83:125-33. [PMID: 24907231 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000000578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the value of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a recently discovered biomarker for mitochondrial disease, in predicting clinical disease severity and disease progression in adult carriers of the m.3243A>G mutation. METHODS In the context of a national inventory, the heteroplasmy levels of the m.3243A>G mutation were measured in leukocytes and urinary epithelial cells. The Newcastle Mitochondrial Disease Adult Scale score was determined and blood was drawn for measuring FGF21 concentration. Twenty-five of the included initial patients studied were then selected randomly for a follow-up study. RESULTS This prognostic study included 99 adult carriers of the m.3243A>G mutation. Our analysis revealed a moderate, significant correlation between FGF21 concentration and disease severity (r = 0.49; p = <0.001). No significant correlations were found between disease severity and the heteroplasmy percentage determined in urinary epithelial cells or the heteroplasmy percentage determined in leukocytes. Weak but significant correlations were also found between FGF21 concentration and the severity of the myopathy (r = 0.38; p = <0.001) and between the concentration of FGF21 and the severity of the encephalopathy (r = 0.30; p = <0.001). Repeated measurements following 25 subjects for 2 years revealed no significant correlation between FGF21 concentration and disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Measuring FGF21 concentration had little added value in monitoring and predicting the disease course in this specific patient group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Koene
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (S.K., P.d.L., R.J.T.R., M.C.H.J., J.A.M.S.), and Departments of Laboratory Medicine (D.H.v.T., A.M.B., F.C.G.J.S.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.V.), Health Evidence (A.R.T.D.), and General Internal Medicine (M.C.H.J.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Paul de Laat
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (S.K., P.d.L., R.J.T.R., M.C.H.J., J.A.M.S.), and Departments of Laboratory Medicine (D.H.v.T., A.M.B., F.C.G.J.S.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.V.), Health Evidence (A.R.T.D.), and General Internal Medicine (M.C.H.J.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Doorlène H van Tienoven
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (S.K., P.d.L., R.J.T.R., M.C.H.J., J.A.M.S.), and Departments of Laboratory Medicine (D.H.v.T., A.M.B., F.C.G.J.S.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.V.), Health Evidence (A.R.T.D.), and General Internal Medicine (M.C.H.J.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis Vriens
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (S.K., P.d.L., R.J.T.R., M.C.H.J., J.A.M.S.), and Departments of Laboratory Medicine (D.H.v.T., A.M.B., F.C.G.J.S.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.V.), Health Evidence (A.R.T.D.), and General Internal Medicine (M.C.H.J.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - André M Brandt
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (S.K., P.d.L., R.J.T.R., M.C.H.J., J.A.M.S.), and Departments of Laboratory Medicine (D.H.v.T., A.M.B., F.C.G.J.S.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.V.), Health Evidence (A.R.T.D.), and General Internal Medicine (M.C.H.J.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Fred C G J Sweep
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (S.K., P.d.L., R.J.T.R., M.C.H.J., J.A.M.S.), and Departments of Laboratory Medicine (D.H.v.T., A.M.B., F.C.G.J.S.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.V.), Health Evidence (A.R.T.D.), and General Internal Medicine (M.C.H.J.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard J T Rodenburg
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (S.K., P.d.L., R.J.T.R., M.C.H.J., J.A.M.S.), and Departments of Laboratory Medicine (D.H.v.T., A.M.B., F.C.G.J.S.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.V.), Health Evidence (A.R.T.D.), and General Internal Medicine (M.C.H.J.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - A Rogier T Donders
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (S.K., P.d.L., R.J.T.R., M.C.H.J., J.A.M.S.), and Departments of Laboratory Medicine (D.H.v.T., A.M.B., F.C.G.J.S.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.V.), Health Evidence (A.R.T.D.), and General Internal Medicine (M.C.H.J.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Mirian C H Janssen
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (S.K., P.d.L., R.J.T.R., M.C.H.J., J.A.M.S.), and Departments of Laboratory Medicine (D.H.v.T., A.M.B., F.C.G.J.S.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.V.), Health Evidence (A.R.T.D.), and General Internal Medicine (M.C.H.J.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan A M Smeitink
- From the Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen Centre for Mitochondrial Disorders (S.K., P.d.L., R.J.T.R., M.C.H.J., J.A.M.S.), and Departments of Laboratory Medicine (D.H.v.T., A.M.B., F.C.G.J.S.), Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (D.V.), Health Evidence (A.R.T.D.), and General Internal Medicine (M.C.H.J.), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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50
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Wortmann SB, Kluijtmans LAJ, Rodenburg RJ, Sass JO, Nouws J, van Kaauwen EP, Kleefstra T, Tranebjaerg L, de Vries MC, Isohanni P, Walter K, Alkuraya FS, Smuts I, Reinecke CJ, van der Westhuizen FH, Thorburn D, Smeitink JAM, Morava E, Wevers RA. 3-Methylglutaconic aciduria--lessons from 50 genes and 977 patients. J Inherit Metab Dis 2013; 36:913-21. [PMID: 23355087 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-012-9579-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Elevated urinary excretion of 3-methylglutaconic acid is considered rare in patients suspected of a metabolic disorder. In 3-methylglutaconyl-CoA hydratase deficiency (mutations in AUH), it derives from leucine degradation. In all other disorders with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria the origin is unknown, yet mitochondrial dysfunction is thought to be the common denominator. We investigate the biochemical, clinical and genetic data of 388 patients referred to our centre under suspicion of a metabolic disorder showing 3-methylglutaconic aciduria in routine metabolic screening. Furthermore, we investigate 591 patients with 50 different, genetically proven, mitochondrial disorders for the presence of 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. Three percent of all urine samples of the patients referred showed 3-methylglutaconic aciduria, often in correlation with disorders not reported earlier in association with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (e.g. organic acidurias, urea cycle disorders, haematological and neuromuscular disorders). In the patient cohort with genetically proven mitochondrial disorders 11% presented 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. It was more frequently seen in ATPase related disorders, with mitochondrial DNA depletion or deletion, but not in patients with single respiratory chain complex deficiencies. Besides, it was a consistent feature of patients with mutations in TAZ, SERAC1, OPA3, DNAJC19 and TMEM70 accounting for mitochondrial membrane related pathology. 3-methylglutaconic aciduria is found quite frequently in patients suspected of a metabolic disorder, and mitochondrial dysfunction is indeed a common denominator. It is only a discriminative feature of patients with mutations in AUH, TAZ, SERAC1, OPA3, DNAJC19 TMEM70. These conditions should therefore be referred to as inborn errors of metabolism with 3-methylglutaconic aciduria as discriminative feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia B Wortmann
- Nijmegen Center for Mitochondrial Disorders (NCMD) at the Department of Pediatrics and the Institute of Genetic and Metabolic Disease (IGMD), Radboud University Medical Centre, P.O Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands,
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