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Xu K, Shimizu M, Yamashita T, Fujiwara M, Oikawa S, Ou G, Takazakura N, Kusakabe T, Takahashi K, Kato K, Yoshioka K, Obara K, Tanaka Y. Inhibitory mechanisms of docosahexaenoic acid on carbachol-, angiotensin II-, and bradykinin-induced contractions in guinea pig gastric fundus smooth muscle. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11720. [PMID: 38778154 PMCID: PMC11111694 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-62578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We studied the inhibitory actions of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the contractions induced by carbachol (CCh), angiotensin II (Ang II), and bradykinin (BK) in guinea pig (GP) gastric fundus smooth muscle (GFSM), particularly focusing on the possible inhibition of store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCCs). DHA significantly suppressed the contractions induced by CCh, Ang II, and BK; the inhibition of BK-induced contractions was the strongest. Although all contractions were greatly dependent on external Ca2+, more than 80% of BK-induced contractions remained even in the presence of verapamil, a voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel inhibitor. BK-induced contractions in the presence of verapamil were not suppressed by LOE-908 (a receptor-operated Ca2+ channel (ROCC) inhibitor) but were suppressed by SKF-96365 (an SOCC and ROCC inhibitor). BK-induced contractions in the presence of verapamil plus LOE-908 were strongly inhibited by DHA. Furthermore, DHA inhibited GFSM contractions induced by cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) in the presence of verapamil plus LOE-908 and inhibited the intracellular Ca2+ increase due to Ca2+ addition in CPA-treated 293T cells. These findings indicate that Ca2+ influx through SOCCs plays a crucial role in BK-induced contraction in GP GFSM and that this inhibition by DHA is a new mechanism by which this fatty acid inhibits GFSM contractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keyue Xu
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Miyuki Shimizu
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Toma Yamashita
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Mako Fujiwara
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Shunya Oikawa
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Guanghan Ou
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Naho Takazakura
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Taichi Kusakabe
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Keisuke Takahashi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kato
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Kento Yoshioka
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
| | - Keisuke Obara
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan.
| | - Yoshio Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Toho University, Miyama 2-2-1, Funabashi-City, Chiba, 274-8510, Japan
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Norman K, Hemmings KE, Shawer H, Appleby HL, Burnett AJ, Hamzah N, Gosain R, Woodhouse EM, Beech DJ, Foster R, Bailey MA. Side-by-side comparison of published small molecule inhibitors against thapsigargin-induced store-operated Ca2+ entry in HEK293 cells. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296065. [PMID: 38261554 PMCID: PMC10805320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a key second messenger in eukaryotes, with store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) being the main source of Ca2+ influx into non-excitable cells. ORAI1 is a highly Ca2+-selective plasma membrane channel that encodes SOCE. It is ubiquitously expressed in mammals and has been implicated in numerous diseases, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. A number of small molecules have been identified as inhibitors of SOCE with a variety of potential therapeutic uses proposed and validated in vitro and in vivo. These encompass both nonselective Ca2+ channel inhibitors and targeted selective inhibitors of SOCE. Inhibition of SOCE can be quantified both directly and indirectly with a variety of assay setups, making an accurate comparison of the activity of different SOCE inhibitors challenging. We have used a fluorescence based Ca2+ addback assay in native HEK293 cells to generate dose-response data for many published SOCE inhibitors. We were able to directly compare potency. Most compounds were validated with only minor and expected variations in potency, but some were not. This could be due to differences in assay setup relating to the mechanism of action of the inhibitors and highlights the value of a singular approach to compare these compounds, as well as the general need for biorthogonal validation of novel bioactive compounds. The compounds observed to be the most potent against SOCE in our study were: 7-azaindole 14d (12), JPIII (17), Synta-66 (6), Pyr 3 (5), GSK5503A (8), CM4620 (14) and RO2959 (7). These represent the most promising candidates for future development of SOCE inhibitors for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Norman
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E. Hemmings
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Heba Shawer
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Hollie L. Appleby
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J. Burnett
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Nurasyikin Hamzah
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Rajendra Gosain
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Emily M. Woodhouse
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - David J. Beech
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Foster
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
| | - Marc A. Bailey
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom
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3
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Zhou Y, Jennette MR, Ma G, Kazzaz SA, Baraniak JH, Nwokonko RM, Groff ML, Velasquez-Reynel M, Huang Y, Wang Y, Gill DL. An apical Phe-His pair defines the Orai1-coupling site and its occlusion within STIM1. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6921. [PMID: 37903816 PMCID: PMC10616141 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42254-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ signal-generation through inter-membrane junctional coupling between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) STIM proteins and plasma membrane (PM) Orai channels, remains a vital but undefined mechanism. We identify two unusual overlapping Phe-His aromatic pairs within the STIM1 apical helix, one of which (F394-H398) mediates important control over Orai1-STIM1 coupling. In resting STIM1, this locus is deeply clamped within the folded STIM1-CC1 helices, likely near to the ER surface. The clamped environment in holo-STIM1 is critical-positive charge replacing Phe-394 constitutively unclamps STIM1, mimicking store-depletion, negative charge irreversibly locks the clamped-state. In store-activated, unclamped STIM1, Phe-394 mediates binding to the Orai1 channel, but His-398 is indispensable for transducing STIM1-binding into Orai1 channel-gating, and is spatially aligned with Phe-394 in the exposed Sα2 helical apex. Thus, the Phe-His locus traverses between ER and PM surfaces and is decisive in the two critical STIM1 functions-unclamping to activate STIM1, and conformational-coupling to gate the Orai1 channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Zhou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Michelle R Jennette
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Guolin Ma
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sarah A Kazzaz
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - James H Baraniak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Robert M Nwokonko
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mallary L Groff
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Marcela Velasquez-Reynel
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Yun Huang
- Center for Epigenetics and Disease Prevention, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Youjun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, PR China
| | - Donald L Gill
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
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Rubaiy HN. ORAI Calcium Channels: Regulation, Function, Pharmacology, and Therapeutic Targets. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:162. [PMID: 37259313 PMCID: PMC9967976 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The changes in intracellular free calcium (Ca2+) levels are one of the most widely regulators of cell function; therefore, calcium as a universal intracellular mediator is involved in very important human diseases and disorders. In many cells, Ca2+ inflow is mediated by store-operated calcium channels, and it is recognized that the store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is mediated by the two partners: the pore-forming proteins Orai (Orai1-3) and the calcium store sensor, stromal interaction molecule (STIM1-2). Importantly, the Orai/STIM channels are involved in crucial cell signalling processes such as growth factors, neurotransmitters, and cytokines via interaction with protein tyrosine kinase coupled receptors and G protein-coupled receptors. Therefore, in recent years, the issue of Orai/STIM channels as a drug target in human diseases has received considerable attention. This review summarizes and highlights our current knowledge of the Orai/STIM channels in human diseases and disorders, including immunodeficiency, myopathy, tubular aggregate, Stormorken syndrome, York platelet syndrome, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, and cancers, as well as suggesting these channels as drug targets for pharmacological therapeutic intervention. Moreover, this work will also focus on the pharmacological modulators of Orai/STIM channel complexes. Together, our thoughtful of the biology and physiology of the Orai/STIM channels have grown remarkably during the past three decades, and the next important milestone in the field of store-operated calcium entry will be to identify potent and selective small molecules as a therapeutic agent with the purpose to target human diseases and disorders for patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein N Rubaiy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, C1:68, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Jain PP, Lai N, Xiong M, Chen J, Babicheva A, Zhao T, Parmisano S, Zhao M, Paquin C, Matti M, Powers R, Balistrieri A, Kim NH, Valdez-Jasso D, Thistlethwaite PA, Shyy JYJ, Wang J, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. TRPC6, a therapeutic target for pulmonary hypertension. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2021; 321:L1161-L1182. [PMID: 34704831 PMCID: PMC8715021 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00159.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal and progressive disease. Sustained vasoconstriction due to pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) contraction and concentric arterial remodeling due partially to PASMC proliferation are the major causes for increased pulmonary vascular resistance and increased pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH) including PAH and PH due to respiratory diseases or hypoxemia. We and others observed upregulation of TRPC6 channels in PASMCs from patients with PAH. A rise in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) in PASMC triggers PASMC contraction and vasoconstriction, while Ca2+-dependent activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is a pivotal signaling cascade for cell proliferation and gene expression. Despite evidence supporting a pathological role of TRPC6, no selective and orally bioavailable TRPC6 antagonist has yet been developed and tested for treatment of PAH or PH. In this study, we sought to investigate whether block of receptor-operated Ca2+ channels using a nonselective blocker of cation channels, 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB, administered intraperitoneally) and a selective blocker of TRPC6, BI-749327 (administered orally) can reverse established PH in mice. The results from the study show that intrapulmonary application of 2-APB (40 µM) or BI-749327 (3-10 µM) significantly and reversibly inhibited acute alveolar hypoxia-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. Intraperitoneal injection of 2-APB (1 mg/kg per day) significantly attenuated the development of PH and partially reversed established PH in mice. Oral gavage of BI-749327 (30 mg/kg, every day, for 2 wk) reversed established PH by ∼50% via regression of pulmonary vascular remodeling. Furthermore, 2-APB and BI-749327 both significantly inhibited PDGF- and serum-mediated phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR in PASMC. In summary, the receptor-operated and mechanosensitive TRPC6 channel is a good target for developing novel treatment for PAH/PH. BI-749327, a selective TRPC6 blocker, is potentially a novel and effective drug for treating PAH and PH due to respiratory diseases or hypoxemia.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Boron Compounds/pharmacology
- Calcium Signaling
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Mice
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/drug effects
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/antagonists & inhibitors
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/genetics
- TRPC6 Cation Channel/metabolism
- Vasoconstriction
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritesh P Jain
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ning Lai
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingmei Xiong
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Sophia Parmisano
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Manjia Zhao
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Cole Paquin
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Moreen Matti
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ryan Powers
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nick H Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Daniela Valdez-Jasso
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Patricia A Thistlethwaite
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jian Wang
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Medicine and First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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6
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Sevilleja-Ortiz A, El Assar M, García-Rojo E, García-Gómez B, Fernández A, Sánchez-Ferrer A, La Fuente JM, Romero-Otero J, Rodríguez-Mañas L, Angulo J. Ageing-induced hypercontractility is related to functional enhancement of STIM/Orai and upregulation of Orai 3 in rat and human penile tissue. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 200:111590. [PMID: 34699858 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The role of STIM/Orai calcium entry system on vascular ageing has not been elucidated. We aimed to evaluate the influence of ageing on STIM/Orai signalling and its role on ageing-induced alterations of contractile function in rat corpus cavernosum (RCC) and human penile resistance arteries (HPRA) and corpus cavernosum (HCC). RCC was obtained from 3 months-old and 20 months-old animals. HPRA and HCC were obtained from organ donors of varied ages without history of erectile dysfunction. Aging was associated with enhanced norepinephrine (NE)- and thromboxane analogue (U46619)-induced contractions in RCC which were significantly inhibited by the STIM/Orai inhibitor, YM-58483 (20 μM). Other STIM/Orai inhibitor, 2-aminoethyldiphenylborate also reduced NE-induced contractions in RCC from aged rats. YM-58483 significantly reduced neurogenic contractions and potentiated neurogenic relaxations in RCC from aged rats. In HCC and HPRA, NE-induced contractions were significantly enhanced in older subjects (>65 years-old) but YM-58483 completely reversed ageing-related hypercontractility. Ageing did not modify STIM-1 and Orai1 protein expressions but Orai3 was significantly overexpressed in cavernosal tissue from old rats and older subjects. Contribution of STIM/Orai to cavernosal contraction increases with ageing together with increased expression of Orai3. Orai inhibition could be a potential therapeutic strategy to reduce ageing-related impact on vascular/erectile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Sevilleja-Ortiz
- Department of Histology-Research, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (UFV-IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariam El Assar
- Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - Esther García-Rojo
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja García-Gómez
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain; Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Argentina Fernández
- Department of Histology-Research, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (UFV-IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Sánchez-Ferrer
- Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica, Hospital Universitario de Getafe, Getafe, Spain
| | - José M La Fuente
- Department of Urology, Hospital Geral Santo Antonio, Porto, Portugal
| | - Javier Romero-Otero
- Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario HM Sanchinarro, HM Hospitales, Madrid, Spain; Department of Urology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier Angulo
- Department of Histology-Research, Unidad de Investigación Traslacional en Cardiología (UFV-IRYCIS), Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
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7
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Xiong M, Jain PP, Chen J, Babicheva A, Zhao T, Alotaibi M, Kim NH, Lai N, Izadi A, Rodriguez M, Li J, Balistrieri A, Balistrieri F, Parmisano S, Sun X, Voldez-Jasso D, Shyy JYJ, Thistlethwaite PA, Wang J, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Mouse model of experimental pulmonary hypertension: Lung angiogram and right heart catheterization. Pulm Circ 2021; 11:20458940211041512. [PMID: 34531976 PMCID: PMC8438952 DOI: 10.1177/20458940211041512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension is a progressive and fatal disease and rodents with experimental pulmonary hypertension (PH) are often used to study pathogenic mechanisms, identify therapeutic targets, and develop novel drugs for treatment. Here we describe a hands-on set of experimental approaches including ex vivo lung angiography and histology and in vivo right heart catheterization (RHC) to phenotypically characterize pulmonary hemodynamics and lung vascular structure in normal mice and mice with experimental PH. We utilized Microfil polymer as contrast in our ex vivo lung angiogram to quantitatively examine pulmonary vascular remodeling in mice with experimental PH, and lung histology to estimate pulmonary artery wall thickness. The peripheral lung vascular images were selected to determine the total length of lung vascular branches, the number of branches and the number of junctions in a given area (mm-2). We found that the three parameters determined by angiogram were not significantly different among the apical, middle, and basal regions of the mouse lung from normal mice, and were not influenced by gender (no significant difference between female and male mice). We conducted RHC in mice to measure right ventricular systolic pressure, a surrogate measure for pulmonary artery systolic pressure and right ventricle (RV) contractility (RV ± dP/dtmax) to estimate RV function. RHC, a short time (4-6 min) procedure, did not alter the lung angiography measurements. In summary, utilizing ex vivo angiogram to determine peripheral vascular structure and density in the mouse lung and utilizing in vivo RHC to measure pulmonary hemodynamics are reliable readouts to phenotype normal mice and mice with experimental PH. Lung angiogram and RHC are also reliable approaches to examine pharmacological effects of new drugs on pulmonary vascular remodeling and hemodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmei Xiong
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pritesh P Jain
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jiyuan Chen
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Tengteng Zhao
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mona Alotaibi
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Nick H Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ning Lai
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Amin Izadi
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marisela Rodriguez
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jifeng Li
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Sophia Parmisano
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Xin Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Voldez-Jasso
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Jian Wang
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Section of Physiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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8
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Tiffner A, Derler I. Isoform-Specific Properties of Orai Homologues in Activation, Downstream Signaling, Physiology and Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8020. [PMID: 34360783 PMCID: PMC8347056 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ ion channels are critical in a variety of physiological events, including cell growth, differentiation, gene transcription and apoptosis. One such essential entry pathway for calcium into the cell is the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channel. It consists of the Ca2+ sensing protein, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and a Ca2+ ion channel Orai in the plasma membrane. The Orai channel family includes three homologues Orai1, Orai2 and Orai3. While Orai1 is the "classical" Ca2+ ion channel within the CRAC channel complex and plays a universal role in the human body, there is increasing evidence that Orai2 and Orai3 are important in specific physiological and pathophysiological processes. This makes them an attractive target in drug discovery, but requires a detailed understanding of the three Orai channels and, in particular, their differences. Orai channel activation is initiated via Ca2+ store depletion, which is sensed by STIM1 proteins, and induces their conformational change and oligomerization. Upon STIM1 coupling, Orai channels activate to allow Ca2+ permeation into the cell. While this activation mechanism is comparable among the isoforms, they differ by a number of functional and structural properties due to non-conserved regions in their sequences. In this review, we summarize the knowledge as well as open questions in our current understanding of the three isoforms in terms of their structure/function relationship, downstream signaling and physiology as well as pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabella Derler
- Institute of Biophysics, JKU Life Science Center, Johannes Kepler University Linz, A-4020 Linz, Austria;
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9
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Wu L, Lian W, Zhao L. Calcium signaling in cancer progression and therapy. FEBS J 2021; 288:6187-6205. [PMID: 34288422 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The old Greek aphorism 'Panta Rhei' ('everything flows') is true for all living things in general. As a dynamic process, calcium signaling plays fundamental roles in cellular activities under both normal and pathological conditions, with recent researches uncovering its involvement in cell proliferation, migration, survival, gene expression, and more. The major question we address here is how calcium signaling affects cancer progression and whether it could be targeted to combine with classic chemotherapeutics or emerging immunotherapies to improve their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Lian
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Liang X, Zhang N, Pan H, Xie J, Han W. Development of Store-Operated Calcium Entry-Targeted Compounds in Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:688244. [PMID: 34122115 PMCID: PMC8194303 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.688244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is the major pathway of Ca2+ entry in mammalian cells, and regulates a variety of cellular functions including proliferation, motility, apoptosis, and death. Accumulating evidence has indicated that augmented SOCE is related to the generation and development of cancer, including tumor formation, proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and antitumor immunity. Therefore, the development of compounds targeting SOCE has been proposed as a potential and effective strategy for use in cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize the current research on SOCE inhibitors and blockers, discuss their effects and possible mechanisms of action in cancer therapy, and induce a new perspective on the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ningxia Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiansheng Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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11
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Huo J, Dong H. Gating and regulation of the calcium release-activated calcium channel: Recent progress from experiments and molecular modeling. Biopolymers 2021; 111:e23392. [PMID: 33460071 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels are highly calcium ion (Ca2+)-selective channels in the plasma membrane. The transient drop of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ level activates its calcium sensor stromal interaction molecule (STIM) and then triggers the gating of the CRAC channel pore unit Orai. This process involves a variety of activities of the immune system. Therefore, understanding how the activation and regulation of the CRAC channel can be accomplished is essential. Here we briefly summarize the recent progress on Orai gating and its regulation by 2-aminoethoxydiphenylborate (2-APB) obtained from structural biology studies, biochemical and electrophysiological measurements, as well as molecular modeling. Indeed, integration between experiments and computations has further deepened our understanding of the channel gating and regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huo
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Dong
- Kuang Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Institute for Brain Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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12
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Skopin AY, Grigoryev AD, Glushankova LN, Shalygin AV, Wang G, Kartzev VG, Kaznacheyeva EV. A Novel Modulator of STIM2-Dependent Store-Operated Ca2+ Channel Activity. Acta Naturae 2021; 13:140-146. [PMID: 33959394 PMCID: PMC8084296 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry is one of the main pathways of calcium influx into non-excitable cells, which entails the initiation of many intracellular processes. The endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ sensors STIM1 and STIM2 are the key components of store-operated Ca2+ entry in mammalian cells. Under physiological conditions, STIM proteins are responsible for store-operated Ca2+ entry activation. The STIM1 and STIM2 proteins differ in their potency for activating different store-operated channels. At the moment, there are no selective modulators of the STIM protein activity. We screened a library of small molecules and found the 4-MPTC compound, which selectively inhibited STIM2-dependent store-operated Ca2+ entry (IC50 = 1 μM) and had almost no effect on the STIM1-dependent activation of store-operated channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Y. Skopin
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064 Russia
| | - A. D. Grigoryev
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064 Russia
| | - L. N. Glushankova
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064 Russia
| | - A. V. Shalygin
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064 Russia
| | - G. Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123 China
| | | | - E. V. Kaznacheyeva
- Institute of Cytology of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194064 Russia
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13
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Tiffner A, Derler I. Molecular Choreography and Structure of Ca 2+ Release-Activated Ca 2+ (CRAC) and K Ca2+ Channels and Their Relevance in Disease with Special Focus on Cancer. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10120425. [PMID: 33333945 PMCID: PMC7765462 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10120425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Ca2+ ions play a variety of roles in the human body as well as within a single cell. Cellular Ca2+ signal transduction processes are governed by Ca2+ sensing and Ca2+ transporting proteins. In this review, we discuss the Ca2+ and the Ca2+-sensing ion channels with particular focus on the structure-function relationship of the Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) ion channel, the Ca2+-activated K+ (KCa2+) ion channels, and their modulation via other cellular components. Moreover, we highlight their roles in healthy signaling processes as well as in disease with a special focus on cancer. As KCa2+ channels are activated via elevations of intracellular Ca2+ levels, we summarize the current knowledge on the action mechanisms of the interplay of CRAC and KCa2+ ion channels and their role in cancer cell development.
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14
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Synthesis and Pharmacological Characterization of 2-Aminoethyl Diphenylborinate (2-APB) Derivatives for Inhibition of Store-Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE) in MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165604. [PMID: 32764353 PMCID: PMC7460636 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium ions regulate a wide array of physiological functions including cell differentiation, proliferation, muscle contraction, neurotransmission, and fertilization. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the major intracellular Ca2+ store and cellular events that induce ER store depletion (e.g., activation of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) receptors) trigger a refilling process known as store-operated calcium entry (SOCE). It requires the intricate interaction between the Ca2+ sensing stromal interaction molecules (STIM) located in the ER membrane and the channel forming Orai proteins in the plasma membrane (PM). The resulting active STIM/Orai complexes form highly selective Ca2+ channels that facilitate a measurable Ca2+ influx into the cytosol followed by successive refilling of the ER by the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA). STIM and Orai have attracted significant therapeutic interest, as enhanced SOCE has been associated with several cancers, and mutations in STIM and Orai have been linked to immunodeficiency, autoimmune, and muscular diseases. 2-Aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB) is a known modulator and depending on its concentration can inhibit or enhance SOCE. We have synthesized several novel derivatives of 2-APB, introducing halogen and other small substituents systematically on each position of one of the phenyl rings. Using a fluorometric imaging plate reader (FLIPR) Tetra-based calcium imaging assay we have studied how these structural changes of 2-APB affect the SOCE modulation activity at different compound concentrations in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. We have discovered 2-APB derivatives that block SOCE at low concentrations, at which 2-APB usually enhances SOCE.
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15
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Kappel S, Kilch T, Baur R, Lochner M, Peinelt C. The Number and Position of Orai3 Units within Heteromeric Store-Operated Ca 2+ Channels Alter the Pharmacology of I CRAC. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072458. [PMID: 32252254 PMCID: PMC7178029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated heteromeric Orai1/Orai3 channels have been discussed in the context of aging, cancer, and immune cell differentiation. In contrast to homomeric Orai1 channels, they exhibit a different pharmacology upon application of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) in various cell types. In endogenous cells, subunit composition and arrangement may vary and cannot be defined precisely. In this study, we used patch-clamp electrophysiology to investigate the 2-APB profile of store-operated and store-independent homomeric Orai1 and heteromeric Orai1/Orai3 concatenated channels with defined subunit compositions. As has been shown previous, one or more Orai3 subunit(s) within the channel result(s) in decreased Ca2+ release activated Ca2+ current (ICRAC). Upon application of 50 µM 2-APB, channels with two or more Orai3 subunits exhibit large outward currents and can be activated by 2-APB independent from storedepletion and/or the presence of STIM1. The number and position of Orai3 subunits within the heteromeric store-operated channel change ion conductivity of 2-APB-activated outward current. Compared to homomeric Orai1 channels, one Orai3 subunit within the channel does not alter 2-APB pharmacology. None of the concatenated channel constructs were able to exactly simulate the complex 2-APB pharmacology observed in prostate cancer cells. However, 2-APB profiles of prostate cancer cells are similar to those of concatenated channels with Orai3 subunit(s). Considering the presented and previous results, this indicates that distinct subtypes of heteromeric SOCE channels may be selectively activated or blocked. In the future, targeting distinct heteromeric SOCE channel subtypes may be the key to tailored SOCE-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Kappel
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (R.B.); (M.L.)
| | | | - Roland Baur
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (R.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Martin Lochner
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (R.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Christine Peinelt
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012 Bern, Switzerland; (S.K.); (R.B.); (M.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-31-631-3415
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16
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Fang B, Zhao Q, Ling W, Zhang Y, Ou M. Hypoxia induces HT-22 neuronal cell death via Orai1/CDK5 pathway-mediated Tau hyperphosphorylation. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:7591-7603. [PMID: 31934303 PMCID: PMC6943478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia and apoptosis are involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hypoxia induces the formation of amyloid precursor protein in neurons, leading to the abnormal deposition of β-amyloid protein and hyperphosphorylation of Tau. Such changes increase the risk of AD. In the present study, a cellular model of hypoxia-induced AD was established by exposing HT-22 mouse hippocampal neurons to the chemical hypoxia-mimicking agent cobalt chloride (CoCl2). It was found that hypoxia increased neuronal apoptosis. Hypoxia caused an abnormal increase in the expression of the intracellular calcium channel protein Orai1 and cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5), resulting in hyperphosphorylation of Tau. Treatment with small-interfering RNA against Orai1 (siOrai1) or an Orai1-overexpression plasmid effectively intervened the CDK5-mediated hyperphosphorylation of Tau. In summary, following hypoxic injury of neuron, the Orai1-induced expression of CDK5 leads to Tau hyperphosphorylation. Tau hyperphosphorylation is an important pathophysiological manifestation in AD patients. These results indicated that hypoxia induces HT-22 cell death by Orai1/CDK5 pathway mediated Tau hyperphosporylation. This study simulated the pathological process associated with AD and proposed that hypoxia of intravascular cells with normal blood oxygen saturation might be one of a pathogenic mechanisms of AD. Therefore, this work may provide a new theoretical basis for AD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuxi Mental Health Center Affiliated with Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan UniversityWuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weiming Ling
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuxi Mental Health Center Affiliated with Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuechun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuxi Mental Health Center Affiliated with Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Ou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Wuxi Mental Health Center Affiliated with Nanjing Medical UniversityWuxi, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Emrich SM, Yoast RE, Xin P, Zhang X, Pathak T, Nwokonko R, Gueguinou MF, Subedi KP, Zhou Y, Ambudkar IS, Hempel N, Machaca K, Gill DL, Trebak M. Cross-talk between N-terminal and C-terminal domains in stromal interaction molecule 2 (STIM2) determines enhanced STIM2 sensitivity. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:6318-6332. [PMID: 30824535 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a ubiquitous pathway for Ca2+ influx across the plasma membrane (PM). SOCE is mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated Ca2+-sensing proteins stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) and STIM2, which transition into an active conformation in response to ER Ca2+ store depletion, thereby interacting with and gating PM-associated ORAI1 channels. Although structurally homologous, STIM1 and STIM2 generate distinct Ca2+ signatures in response to varying strengths of agonist stimulation. The physiological functions of these Ca2+ signatures, particularly under native conditions, remain unclear. To investigate the structural properties distinguishing STIM1 and STIM2 activation of ORAI1 channels under native conditions, here we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate STIM1-/-, STIM2-/-, and STIM1/2-/- knockouts in HEK293 and colorectal HCT116 cells. We show that depending on cell type, STIM2 can significantly sustain SOCE in response to maximal store depletion. Utilizing the SOCE modifier 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), we demonstrate that 2-APB-activated store-independent Ca2+ entry is mediated exclusively by endogenous STIM2. Using variants that either stabilize or disrupt intramolecular interactions of STIM C termini, we show that the increased flexibility of the STIM2 C terminus contributes to its selective store-independent activation by 2-APB. However, STIM1 variants with enhanced flexibility in the C terminus failed to support its store-independent activation. STIM1/STIM2 chimeric constructs indicated that coordination between N-terminal sensitivity and C-terminal flexibility is required for specific store-independent STIM2 activation. Our results clarify the structural determinants underlying activation of specific STIM isoforms, insights that are potentially useful for isoform-selective drug targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott M Emrich
- From the Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Ryan E Yoast
- From the Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Ping Xin
- From the Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Xuexin Zhang
- From the Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | | | - Robert Nwokonko
- From the Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | | | - Krishna P Subedi
- the Secretory Physiology Section, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
| | - Yandong Zhou
- From the Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Indu S Ambudkar
- the Secretory Physiology Section, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
| | - Nadine Hempel
- Pharmacology, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Khaled Machaca
- the Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Donald L Gill
- From the Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- From the Departments of Cellular and Molecular Physiology and
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18
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Type 2 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor inhibits the progression of pulmonary arterial hypertension via calcium signaling and apoptosis. Heart Vessels 2018; 34:724-734. [PMID: 30460575 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-018-1304-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease associated with vasoconstriction and remodeling. Intracellular Ca2+ signaling regulates the contraction of pulmonary arteries and the proliferation of pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs); however, it is not clear which molecules related to Ca2+ signaling contribute to the progression of PAH. In this study, we found the specific expression of type 2 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R2), which is an intracellular Ca2+ release channel, on the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum in mouse PASMCs, and demonstrated its inhibitory role in the progression of PAH using a chronic hypoxia-induced PAH mouse model. After chronic hypoxia exposure, IP3R2-/- mice exhibited the significant aggravation of PAH, as determined by echocardiography and right ventricular hypertrophy, with significantly greater medial wall thickness by immunohistochemistry than that of wild-type mice. In IP3R2-/- murine PASMCs with chronic hypoxia, a TUNEL assay revealed the significant suppression of apoptosis, whereas there was no significant change in proliferation. Thapsigargin-induced store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) was significantly enhanced in IP3R2-/- PASMCs in both normoxia and hypoxia based on in vitro fluorescent Ca2+ imaging. Furthermore, the enhancement of SOCE in IP3R2-/- PASMCs was remarkably suppressed by the addition of DPB162-AE, an inhibitor of the stromal-interacting molecule (STIM)-Orai complex which is about 100 times more potent than 2-APB. Our results indicate that IP3R2 may inhibit the progression of PAH by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting SOCE via the STIM-Orai pathway in PASMCs. These findings suggest a previously undetermined role of IP3R in the development of PAH and may contribute to the development of targeted therapies.
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19
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Boncompagni S, Michelucci A, Pietrangelo L, Dirksen RT, Protasi F. Exercise-dependent formation of new junctions that promote STIM1-Orai1 assembly in skeletal muscle. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14286. [PMID: 29079778 PMCID: PMC5660245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14134-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), a ubiquitous mechanism that allows recovery of Ca2+ ions from the extracellular space, has been proposed to limit fatigue during repetitive skeletal muscle activity. However, the subcellular location for SOCE in muscle fibers has not been unequivocally identified. Here we show that exercise drives a significant remodeling of the sarcotubular system to form previously unidentified junctions between the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and transverse-tubules (TTs). We also demonstrate that these new SR-TT junctions contain the molecular machinery that mediate SOCE: stromal interaction molecule-1 (STIM1), which functions as the SR Ca2+ sensor, and Orai1, the Ca2+-permeable channel in the TT. In addition, EDL muscles isolated from exercised mice exhibit an increased capability of maintaining contractile force during repetitive stimulation in the presence of 2.5 mM extracellular Ca2+, compared to muscles from control mice. This functional difference is significantly reduced by either replacement of extracellular Ca2+ with Mg2+ or the addition of SOCE inhibitors (BTP-2 and 2-APB). We propose that the new SR-TT junctions formed during exercise, and that contain STIM1 and Orai1, function as Ca2+Entry Units (CEUs), structures that provide a pathway to rapidly recover Ca2+ ions from the extracellular space during repetitive muscle activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Boncompagni
- CeSI-Met - Center for Research on Ageing and Translational Medicine, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, I-66100, Italy.,DNICS - Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, I-66100, Italy
| | - Antonio Michelucci
- CeSI-Met - Center for Research on Ageing and Translational Medicine, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, I-66100, Italy.,DNICS - Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, I-66100, Italy
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- CeSI-Met - Center for Research on Ageing and Translational Medicine, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, I-66100, Italy.,DNICS - Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, I-66100, Italy
| | - Robert T Dirksen
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- CeSI-Met - Center for Research on Ageing and Translational Medicine, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, I-66100, Italy. .,DMSI - Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, I-66100, Italy.
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20
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Rahman S, Rahman T. Unveiling some FDA-approved drugs as inhibitors of the store-operated Ca 2+ entry pathway. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12881. [PMID: 29038464 PMCID: PMC5643495 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13343-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) pathway is an important route for generating cytosolic Ca2+ signals that regulate a diverse array of biological processes. Abnormal SOCE seem to underlie several diseases that notably include allergy, inflammation and cancer. Therefore, any modulator of this pathway is likely to have significant impact in cell biology under both normal and abnormal conditions. In this study, we screened the FDA-approved drug library for agents that share significant similarity in 3D shape and surface electrostatics with few, hitherto best known inhibitors of SOCE. This has led to the identification of five drugs that showed dose-dependent inhibition of SOCE in cell-based assay, probably through interacting with the Orai1 protein which effectively mediates SOCE. Of these drugs, leflunomide and teriflunomide could suppress SOCE significantly at clinically-relevant doses and this provides for an additional mechanism towards the therapeutic utility of these drugs as immunosuppressants. The other three drugs namely lansoprazole, tolvaptan and roflumilast, were less potent in suppressing SOCE but were more selective and thus they may serve as novel scaffolds for future development of new, more efficacious SOCE inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saifur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK
| | - Taufiq Rahman
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, UK.
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21
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Xia K, Ma Z, Shen J, Li M, Hou B, Gao M, Zhang S, Wu J. The 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate analog, DPB161 blocks store-operated Ca 2+ entry in acutely dissociated rat submandibular cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:61551-61560. [PMID: 28977884 PMCID: PMC5617444 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular Ca2+ signals play a critical role in cell physiology and pathology. In most non-excitable cells, store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is an important mechanism by which intracellular Ca2+ signaling is regulated. However, few drugs can selectively modulate SOCE. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2APB) and its analogs (DPB162 and DPB163) have been reported to inhibit SOCE. Here, we examined the effects of another 2-APB analog, DPB161 on SOCE in acutely-isolated rat submandibular cells. Both patch-clamp recordings and Ca2+ imaging showed that upon removal of extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]o=0), rat submandibular cells were unable to maintain ACh-induced Ca2+ oscillations, but restoration of [Ca2+]o to refill Ca2+ stores enable recovery of these Ca2+ oscillations. However, addition of 50 μM DPB161 with [Ca2+]o to extracellular solution prevented the refilling of Ca2+ store. Fura-2 Ca2+ imaging showed that DPB161 inhibited SOCE in a concentration-dependent manner. After depleting Ca2+ stores by thapsigargin treatment, bath perfusion of 1 mM Ca2+ induced [Ca2+]i elevation in a manner that was prevented by DPB161. Collectively, these results show that the 2-APB analog DPB161 blocks SOCE in rat submandibular cells, suggesting that this compound can be developed as a pharmacological tool for the study of SOCE function and as a new therapeutic agent for treating SOCE-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Xia
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Zegang Ma
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines, Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Jianxin Shen
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Menghan Li
- Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Baoke Hou
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Shuijun Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Neurobiology, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Prevention of Neurological Disorders, Shandong Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders and State Key Disciplines, Physiology, Medical College of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Physiology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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22
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Sakuragi S, Niwa F, Oda Y, Mikoshiba K, Bannai H. Astroglial Ca 2+ signaling is generated by the coordination of IP 3R and store-operated Ca 2+ channels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:879-885. [PMID: 28336440 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes play key roles in the central nervous system and regulate local blood flow and synaptic transmission via intracellular calcium (Ca2+) signaling. Astrocytic Ca2+ signals are generated by multiple pathways: Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) via the inositol 1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) and Ca2+ influx through various Ca2+ channels on the plasma membrane. However, the Ca2+ channels involved in astrocytic Ca2+ homeostasis or signaling have not been fully characterized. Here, we demonstrate that spontaneous astrocytic Ca2+ transients in cultured hippocampal astrocytes were induced by cooperation between the Ca2+ release from the ER and the Ca2+ influx through store-operated calcium channels (SOCCs) on the plasma membrane. Ca2+ imaging with plasma membrane targeted GCaMP6f revealed that spontaneous astroglial Ca2+ transients were impaired by pharmacological blockade of not only Ca2+ release through IP3Rs, but also Ca2+ influx through SOCCs. Loss of SOCC activity resulted in the depletion of ER Ca2+, suggesting that SOCCs are activated without store depletion in hippocampal astrocytes. Our findings indicate that sustained SOCC activity, together with that of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase, contribute to the maintenance of astrocytic Ca2+ store levels, ultimately enabling astrocytic Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeo Sakuragi
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Niwa
- Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute (BSI), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoichi Oda
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute (BSI), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Bannai
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan; Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, RIKEN Brain Science Institute (BSI), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; Nagoya Research Center for Brain & Neural Circuits, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8602, Japan; Japan Science and Technology Agency, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
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23
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Bittremieux M, Gerasimenko JV, Schuermans M, Luyten T, Stapleton E, Alzayady KJ, De Smedt H, Yule DI, Mikoshiba K, Vangheluwe P, Gerasimenko OV, Parys JB, Bultynck G. DPB162-AE, an inhibitor of store-operated Ca 2+ entry, can deplete the endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ store. Cell Calcium 2017; 62:60-70. [PMID: 28196740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), an important Ca2+ signaling pathway in non-excitable cells, regulates a variety of cellular functions. To study its physiological role, pharmacological tools, like 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate (2-APB), are used to impact SOCE. 2-APB is one of the best characterized SOCE inhibitors. However, 2-APB also activates SOCE at lower concentrations, while it inhibits inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs), sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPases (SERCAs) and other ion channels, like TRP channels. Because of this, 2-APB analogues that inhibit SOCE more potently and more selectively compared to 2-APB have been developed. The recently developed DPB162-AE is such a structural diphenylborinate isomer of 2-APB that selectively inhibits SOCE currents by blocking the functional coupling between STIM1 and Orai1. However, we observed an adverse effect of DPB162-AE on the ER Ca2+-store content at concentrations required for complete SOCE inhibition. DPB162-AE increased the cytosolic Ca2+ levels by reducing the ER Ca2+ store in cell lines as well as in primary cells. DPB162-AE did not affect SERCA activity, but provoked a Ca2+ leak from the ER, even after application of the SERCA inhibitor thapsigargin. IP3Rs partly contributed to the DPB162-AE-induced Ca2+ leak, since pharmacologically and genetically inhibiting IP3R function reduced, but not completely blocked, the effects of DPB162-AE on the ER store content. Our results indicate that, in some conditions, the SOCE inhibitor DPB162-AE can reduce the ER Ca2+-store content by inducing a Ca2+-leak pathway at concentrations needed for adequate SOCE inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mart Bittremieux
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Julia V Gerasimenko
- Cardiff University, MCR Secretory Control Research Group, Cardiff School of Biosciences, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
| | - Marleen Schuermans
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tomas Luyten
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eloise Stapleton
- Cardiff University, MCR Secretory Control Research Group, Cardiff School of Biosciences, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
| | - Kamil J Alzayady
- University of Rochester, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Humbert De Smedt
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - David I Yule
- University of Rochester, Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- The Laboratory for Developmental Neurobiology, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Oleg V Gerasimenko
- Cardiff University, MCR Secretory Control Research Group, Cardiff School of Biosciences, The Sir Martin Evans Building, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, UK
| | - Jan B Parys
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert Bultynck
- KU Leuven, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Signaling, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine & Leuven Kanker Instituut, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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24
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The STIM1-binding site nexus remotely controls Orai1 channel gating. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13725. [PMID: 27929067 PMCID: PMC5155162 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitously expressed Orai Ca2+ channels are gated through a unique process of intermembrane coupling with the Ca2+-sensing STIM proteins. Despite the significance of Orai1-mediated Ca2+ signals, how gating of Orai1 is triggered by STIM1 remains unknown. A widely held gating model invokes STIM1 binding directly to Orai1 pore-forming helix. Here we report that an Orai1 C-terminal STIM1-binding site, situated far from the N-terminal pore helix, alone provides the trigger that is necessary and sufficient for channel gating. We identify a critical ‘nexus' within Orai1 connecting the peripheral C-terminal STIM1-binding site to the Orai1 core helices. Mutation of the nexus transforms Orai1 into a persistently open state exactly mimicking the action of STIM1. We suggest that the Orai1 nexus transduces the STIM1-binding signal through a conformational change in the inner core helices, and that STIM1 remotely gates the Orai1 channel without the necessity for direct STIM1 contact with the pore-forming helix.
How plasma membrane Orai Ca2+ channels are activated by STIM proteins to activate Ca2+ signals is still not fully known. Here the authors show that a nexus region located at the Orai1 C-terminus allows channel gating without a direct interaction of STIM1 with the channel pore.
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25
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Ali S, Xu T, Xu X. CRAC channel gating and its modulation by STIM1 and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate. J Physiol 2016; 595:3085-3095. [PMID: 27753099 DOI: 10.1113/jp273130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels play an essential role in the immune system. The pore-forming subunit, Orai1, is an important pharmacological target. Here, we summarize the recent discoveries on the structure-function relationship of Orai1, as well as its interaction with the native channel opener STIM1 and chemical modulator 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB). We first introduce the critical structural elements of Orai1, which include a Ca2+ accumulating region, ion selectivity filter, hydrophobic centre, basic region, extended transmembrane Orai1 N-terminal (ETON) region, transmembrane (TM) regions 2 and 3, P245 bend, 263 SHK265 hinge linker and L273-L276 hydrophobic patch. We then hypothesize the possible mechanisms by which STIM1 triggers the conformational transitions of TM regions and exquisitely shapes the ion conduction pathway during generation of the CRAC current (Icrac ) with high Ca2+ selectivity. Finally, we propose mechanisms by which 2-APB modulates Icrac . On the STIM1-activated Orai1 channel, a low dose of 2-APB acts directly, dilating its extremely narrow pore diameter from 3.8 to 4.6 Å, increasing its unitary channel conductance, and potentiating the Icrac . Further elucidation of the structure of the opened CRAC channel and a better understanding of structure-function relationship will benefit the future development of novel immune modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sher Ali
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tao Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaolan Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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26
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Wei M, Zhou Y, Sun A, Ma G, He L, Zhou L, Zhang S, Liu J, Zhang SL, Gill DL, Wang Y. Molecular mechanisms underlying inhibition of STIM1-Orai1-mediated Ca 2+ entry induced by 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate. Pflugers Arch 2016; 468:2061-2074. [PMID: 27726010 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1880-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) mediated by STIM1 and Orai1 is crucial for Ca2+ signaling and homeostasis in most cell types. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) is a well-described SOCE inhibitor, but its mechanisms of action remain largely elusive. Here, we show that 2-APB does not affect the dimeric state of STIM1, but enhances the intramolecular coupling between the coiled-coil 1 (CC1) and STIM-Orai-activating region (SOAR) of STIM1, with subsequent reduction in the formation of STIM1 puncta in the absence of Orai1 overexpression. 2-APB also inhibits Orai1 channels, directly inhibiting Ca2+ entry through the constitutively active, STIM1-independent Orai1 mutants, Orai1-P245T and Orai1-V102A. When unbound from STIM1, the constitutively active Orai1-V102C mutant is not inhibited by 2-APB. Thus, we used Orai1-V012C as a tool to examine whether 2-APB can also inhibit the coupling between STIM1 and Orai1. We reveal that the functional coupling between STIM1 and Orai1-V102C is inhibited by 2-APB. This inhibition on coupling is indirect, arising from 2-APB's action on STIM1, and it is most likely mediated by functional channel residues in the Orai1 N-terminus. Overall, our findings on this two-site inhibition mediated by 2-APB provide new understanding on Orai1-activation by STIM1, important to future drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yandong Zhou
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Aomin Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Guolin Ma
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lian He
- Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lijuan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuce Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenyuan L Zhang
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, 76504, USA
| | - Donald L Gill
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA.
| | - Youjun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resources and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Sun F, Cao Y, Yu C, Wei X, Yao J. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 modulates calcium transport in goat mammary epithelial cells in a dose- and energy-dependent manner. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2016; 7:41. [PMID: 27471592 PMCID: PMC4964070 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-016-0101-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calcium is a vital mineral and an indispensable component of milk for ruminants. The regulation of transcellular calcium transport by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3, the active form of vitamin D) has been confirmed in humans and rodents, and regulators, including vitamin D receptor (VDR), calcium binding protein D9k (calbindin-D9k), plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase 1b (PMCA1b), PMAC2b and Orai1, are involved in this process. However, it is still unclear whether 1,25-(OH)2D3 could stimulate calcium transport in the ruminant mammary gland. The present trials were conducted to study the effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 supplementation and energy availability on the expression of genes and proteins related to calcium secretion in goat mammary epithelial cells. Methods An in vitro culture method for goat secreting mammary epithelial cells was successfully established. The cells were treated with different doses of 1,25-(OH)2D3 (0, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0 and 100.0 nmol/L) for calcium transport research, followed by a 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA, an inhibitor of glucose metabolism) treatment to determine its dependence on glucose availability. Cell proliferation ratios, glucose consumption and enzyme activities were measured with commercial kits, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and western blots were used to determine the expression of genes and proteins associated with mammary calcium transport in dairy goats, respectively. Results 1,25-(OH)2D3 promoted cell proliferation and the expression of genes involved in calcium transport in a dose-dependent manner when the concentration did not exceed 10.0 nmol/L. In addition, 100.0 nmol/L 1,25-(OH)2D3 inhibited cell proliferation and the expression of associated genes compared with the 10.0 nmol/L treatment. The inhibition of hexokinase 2 (HK2), a rate-limiting enzyme in glucose metabolism, decreased the expression of PMCA1b and PMCA2b at the mRNA and protein levels as well as the transcription of Orai1, indicating that glucose availability was required for goat mammary calcium transport. The optimal concentration of 1,25-(OH)2D3 that facilitated calcium transport in this study was 10.0 nmol/L. Conclusions Supplementation with 1,25-(OH)2D3 influenced cell proliferation and regulated the expression of calcium transport modulators in a dose- and energy-dependent manner, thereby highlighting the role of 1,25-(OH)2D3 as an efficacious regulatory agent that produces calcium-enriched milk in ruminants when a suitable energy status was guaranteed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi Peoples Republic of China
| | - Yangchun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi Peoples Republic of China
| | - Chao Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi Peoples Republic of China
| | - Xiaoshi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi Peoples Republic of China
| | - Junhu Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 Shaanxi Peoples Republic of China
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28
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Extracellular Calcium Has Multiple Targets to Control Cell Proliferation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:133-56. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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29
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Abstract
Aberrant Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channel activity has been implicated in a number of human disorders, including immunodeficiency, autoimmunity, occlusive vascular diseases and cancer, thus placing CRAC channels among the important targets for the treatment of these disorders. We briefly summarize herein the molecular basis and activation mechanism of CRAC channel and focus on discussing several pharmacological inhibitors of CRAC channels with respect to their biological activity, mechanisms of action and selectivity over other types of Ca(2+) channel in different types of cells.
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30
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Dong H, Li W, Sun J, Li S, Klein ML. Understanding the Boron–Nitrogen Interaction and Its Possible Implications in Drug Design. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:14393-401. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b07783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Dong
- Kuang
Yaming Honors School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
- Institute
for Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, 1900 North
12th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122-6078, United States
| | - Wei Li
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational
Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department
of Physics, Temple University, 1900 North 12th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122-6078, United States
| | - Shuhua Li
- School
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Institute of Theoretical and Computational
Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Michael L. Klein
- Institute
for Computational Molecular Science, Temple University, 1900 North
12th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122-6078, United States
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31
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STIM1 dimers undergo unimolecular coupling to activate Orai1 channels. Nat Commun 2015; 6:8395. [PMID: 26399906 PMCID: PMC4598629 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms9395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca(2+) sensor, STIM1, becomes activated when ER-stored Ca(2+) is depleted and translocates into ER-plasma membrane junctions where it tethers and activates Orai1 Ca(2+) entry channels. The dimeric STIM1 protein contains a small STIM-Orai-activating region (SOAR)--the minimal sequence sufficient to activate Orai1 channels. Since SOAR itself is a dimer, we constructed SOAR concatemer-dimers and introduced mutations at F394, which is critical for Orai1 coupling and activation. The F394H mutation in both SOAR monomers completely blocks dimer function, but F394H introduced in only one of the dimeric SOAR monomers has no effect on Orai1 binding or activation. This reveals an unexpected unimolecular coupling between STIM1 and Orai1 and argues against recent evidence suggesting dimeric interaction between STIM1 and two adjacent Orai1 channel subunits. The model predicts that STIM1 dimers may be involved in crosslinking between Orai1 channels with implications for the kinetics and localization of Orai1 channel opening.
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32
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Vaeth M, Zee I, Concepcion AR, Maus M, Shaw P, Portal-Celhay C, Zahra A, Kozhaya L, Weidinger C, Philips J, Unutmaz D, Feske S. Ca2+ Signaling but Not Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry Is Required for the Function of Macrophages and Dendritic Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 195:1202-17. [PMID: 26109647 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE) through Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels is essential for immunity to infection. CRAC channels are formed by ORAI1 proteins in the plasma membrane and activated by stromal interaction molecule (STIM)1 and STIM2 in the endoplasmic reticulum. Mutations in ORAI1 and STIM1 genes that abolish SOCE cause severe immunodeficiency with recurrent infections due to impaired T cell function. SOCE has also been observed in cells of the innate immune system such as macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) and may provide Ca(2+) signals required for their function. The specific role of SOCE in macrophage and DC function, as well as its contribution to innate immunity, however, is not well defined. We found that nonselective inhibition of Ca(2+) signaling strongly impairs many effector functions of bone marrow-derived macrophages and bone marrow-derived DCs, including phagocytosis, inflammasome activation, and priming of T cells. Surprisingly, however, macrophages and DCs from mice with conditional deletion of Stim1 and Stim2 genes, and therefore complete inhibition of SOCE, showed no major functional defects. Their differentiation, FcR-dependent and -independent phagocytosis, phagolysosome fusion, cytokine production, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and their ability to present Ags to activate T cells were preserved. Our findings demonstrate that STIM1, STIM2, and SOCE are dispensable for many critical effector functions of macrophages and DCs, which has important implications for CRAC channel inhibition as a therapeutic strategy to suppress pathogenic T cells while not interfering with myeloid cell functions required for innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vaeth
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and
| | - Isabelle Zee
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and
| | - Axel R Concepcion
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and
| | - Mate Maus
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and
| | - Patrick Shaw
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and
| | | | - Aleena Zahra
- Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Lina Kozhaya
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Carl Weidinger
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and
| | - Jennifer Philips
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and
| | - Derya Unutmaz
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016
| | - Stefan Feske
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; and
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