1
|
Song Y, Wang W, Wang B, Shi Q. The Protective Mechanism of TFAM on Mitochondrial DNA and its Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4381-4390. [PMID: 38087167 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03841-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is a mitochondrial protein encoded by nuclear genes and transported from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria. TFAM is essential for the maintenance, expression, and delivery of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and can regulate the replication and transcription of mtDNA. TFAM is associated with the formation of mtDNA nucleomimetic structures, mtDNA repair, and mtDNA stability. However, the mechanism by which TFAM protects mtDNA is still being studied. This review provides a summary of the protective mechanism of TFAM on mtDNA including the discrete regulatory effects of TFAM acetylation and phosphorylation on mtDNA, the regulation of Ca2+ levels by TFAM to activate transcription in mitochondria, and the increased binding of TFAM to mtDNA damage hot spots. This review also discusses the association between TFAM and some neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China.
- Hangzhou King's Bio-Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310007, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Wenjun Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiwen Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Onore ME, Picillo E, D’Ambrosio P, Morra S, Nigro V, Politano L. Phenotypic Variability of Andersen-Tawil Syndrome Due to Allelic Mutation c.652C>T in the KCNJ2 Gene-A New Family Case Report. Biomolecules 2024; 14:507. [PMID: 38672523 PMCID: PMC11048520 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Andersen-Tawil syndrome (ATS) is a multisystem channelopathy characterized by periodic paralysis, ventricular arrhythmias, prolonged QT interval, and facial dysmorphisms occurring in the first/second decade of life. High phenotypic variability and incomplete penetrance of the genes causing the disease make its diagnosis still a challenge. We describe a three-generation family with six living individuals affected by ATS. The proband is a 37-year-old woman presenting since age 16, with episodes of muscle weakness and cramps in the pre-menstrual period. The father, two brothers, one paternal uncle and one cousin also complained of cramps, muscle stiffness, and weakness. Despite normal serum potassium concentration, treatment with potassium, magnesium, and acetazolamide alleviated paralysis attacks suggesting a dyskalemic syndrome. Dysmorphic features were noted in the proband, only later. On the ECG, all but one had normal QT intervals. The affected males developed metabolic syndrome or obesity. The father had two myocardial infarctions and was implanted with an intracardiac cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). A genetic investigation by WES analysis detected the heterozygous pathogenic variant (NM_000891.2: c.652C>T, p. Arg218Trp) in the KCNJ2 gene related to ATS, confirmed by segregation studies in all affected members. Furthermore, we performed a review of cases with the same mutation in the literature, looking for similarities and divergences with our family case.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elena Onore
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.E.O.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (V.N.)
| | - Esther Picillo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.E.O.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (V.N.)
| | - Paola D’Ambrosio
- Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Morra
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.E.O.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (V.N.)
| | - Vincenzo Nigro
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (M.E.O.); (E.P.); (S.M.); (V.N.)
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Luisa Politano
- Cardiomyology and Medical Genetics Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Napoli, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maier S, Nickel K, Lange T, Oeltzschner G, Dacko M, Endres D, Runge K, Schumann A, Domschke K, Rousos M, Tebartz van Elst L. Increased cerebral lactate levels in adults with autism spectrum disorders compared to non-autistic controls: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Mol Autism 2023; 14:44. [PMID: 37978557 PMCID: PMC10655272 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-023-00577-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) encompasses a heterogeneous group with varied phenotypes and etiologies. Identifying pathogenic subgroups could facilitate targeted treatments. One promising avenue is investigating energy metabolism, as mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in a subgroup of ASD. Lactate, an indicator of energy metabolic anomalies, may serve as a potential biomarker for this subgroup. This study aimed to examine cerebral lactate (Lac+) levels in high-functioning adults with ASD, hypothesizing elevated mean Lac+ concentrations in contrast to neurotypical controls (NTCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was used to study cerebral Lac+ in 71 adults with ASD and NTC, focusing on the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). After quality control, 64 ASD and 58 NTC participants remained. Lac+ levels two standard deviations above the mean of the control group were considered elevated. RESULTS Mean PCC Lac+ levels were significantly higher in the ASD group than in the NTC group (p = 0.028; Cohen's d = 0.404), and 9.4% of the ASD group had elevated levels as compared to 0% of the NTCs (p = 0.029). No significant correlation was found between blood serum lactate levels and MRS-derived Lac+ levels. LIMITATIONS A cautious interpretation of our results is warranted due to a p value of 0.028. In addition, a higher than anticipated proportion of data sets had to be excluded due to poor spectral quality. CONCLUSION This study confirms the presence of elevated cerebral Lac+ levels in a subgroup of adults with ASD, suggesting the potential of lactate as a biomarker for mitochondrial dysfunction in a subgroup of ASD. The lower-than-expected prevalence (20% was expected) and moderate increase require further investigation to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and relationships with mitochondrial function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Maier
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Nickel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lange
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Dacko
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominique Endres
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kimon Runge
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Anke Schumann
- Department of General Paediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Michalis Rousos
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ludger Tebartz van Elst
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 5, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rahmadanthi FR, Maksum IP. Transfer RNA Mutation Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:871. [PMID: 37372155 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Transfer RNA (tRNA) genes in the mitochondrial DNA genome play an important role in protein synthesis. The 22 tRNA genes carry the amino acid that corresponds to that codon but changes in the genetic code often occur such as gene mutations that impact the formation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Insulin secretion does not occur because the mitochondria cannot work optimally. tRNA mutation may also be caused by insulin resistance. In addition, the loss of tRNA modification can cause pancreatic β cell dysfunction. Therefore, both can be indirectly associated with diabetes mellitus because diabetes mellitus, especially type 2, is caused by insulin resistance and the body cannot produce insulin. In this review, we will discuss tRNA in detail, several diseases related to tRNA mutations, how tRNA mutations can lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus, and one example of a point mutation that occurs in tRNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Rizki Rahmadanthi
- Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| | - Iman Permana Maksum
- Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Phan HTL, Lee H, Kim K. Trends and prospects in mitochondrial genome editing. Exp Mol Med 2023:10.1038/s12276-023-00973-7. [PMID: 37121968 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00973-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are of fundamental importance in programmed cell death, cellular metabolism, and intracellular calcium concentration modulation, and inheritable mitochondrial disorders via mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation cause several diseases in various organs and systems. Nevertheless, mtDNA editing, which plays an essential role in the treatment of mitochondrial disorders, still faces several challenges. Recently, programmable editing tools for mtDNA base editing, such as cytosine base editors derived from DddA (DdCBEs), transcription activator-like effector (TALE)-linked deaminase (TALED), and zinc finger deaminase (ZFD), have emerged with considerable potential for correcting pathogenic mtDNA variants. In this review, we depict recent advances in the field, including structural biology and repair mechanisms, and discuss the prospects of using base editing tools on mtDNA to broaden insight into their medical applicability for treating mitochondrial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Thi Lam Phan
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunji Lee
- Laboratory Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, 28116, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
- School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Physiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Suzen S, Saso L. Melatonin as mitochondria-targeted drug. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 136:249-276. [PMID: 37437980 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage is associated to numerous diseases as well as aging development. Mitochondria found in most eukaryotic organisms to create the energy of the cell, generate free radicals during its action and they are chief targets of the oxidants. Mitochondrial activities outspread outside the borders of the cell and effect human physiology by modulating interactions among cells and tissues. Therefore, it has been implicated in several human disorders and conditions. Melatonin (MLT) is an endogenously created indole derivative that modifies several tasks, involving mitochondria-associated activities. These possessions make MLT a powerful defender against a selection of free radical-linked disorders. MLT lessens mitochondrial anomalies causing from extreme oxidative stress and may improve mitochondrial physiology. It is a potent and inducible antioxidant for mitochondria. MLT is produced in mitochondria of conceivably of all cells and it also appears to be a mitochondria directed antioxidant which has related defensive properties as the synthesized antioxidant molecules. This chapter summarizes the suggestion that MLT is produced in mitochondria as well as disorders of mitochondrial MLT production that may associate to a number of mitochondria-linked diseases. MLT as a mitochondria-targeted drug is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Suzen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Feng Y, Imam Aliagan A, Tombo N, Bopassa JC. Mitofilin Heterozygote Mice Display an Increase in Myocardial Injury and Inflammation after Ischemia/Reperfusion. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:921. [PMID: 37107296 PMCID: PMC10135852 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial inner membrane protein (Mitofilin/Mic60) is part of a big complex that constituent the mitochondrial inner membrane organizing system (MINOS), which plays a critical role in maintaining mitochondrial architecture and function. We recently showed that Mitofilin physically binds to Cyclophilin D, and disruption of this interaction promotes the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and determines the extent of I/R injury. Here, we investigated whether Mitofilin knockout in the mouse enhances myocardial injury and inflammation after I/R injury. We found that full-body deletion (homozygote) of Mitofilin induces a lethal effect in the offspring and that a single allele expression of Mitofilin is sufficient to rescue the mouse phenotype in normal conditions. Using non-ischemic hearts from wild-type (WT) and Mitofilin+/- (HET) mice, we report that the mitochondria structure and calcium retention capacity (CRC) required to induce the opening of mPTP were similar in both groups. However, the levels of mitochondrial dynamics proteins involved in both fusion/fission, including MFN2, DRP1, and OPA1, were slightly reduced in Mitofilin+/- mice compared to WT. After I/R, the CRC and cardiac functional recovery were reduced while the mitochondria structure was more damaged, and myocardial infarct size was increased in Mitofilin+/- mice compared to WT. Mitofilin+/- mice exhibited an increase in the mtDNA release in the cytosol and ROS production, as well as dysregulated SLC25As (3, 5, 11, and 22) solute carrier function, compared to WT. In addition, Mitofilin+/- mice displayed an increase in the transcript of pro-inflammatory markers, including IL-6, ICAM, and TNF-α. These results suggest that Mitofilin knockdown induces mitochondrial cristae damage that promotes dysregulation of SLC25As solute carriers, leading to an increase in ROS production and reduction in CRC after I/R. These effects are associated with an increase in the mtDNA release into the cytosol, where it activates signaling cascades leading to nuclear transcription of pro-inflammatory cytokines that aggravate I/R injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jean C. Bopassa
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr., San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Acharya TK, Kumar A, Kumar S, Goswami C. TRPV4 interacts with MFN2 and facilitates endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial contact points for Ca2+-buffering. Life Sci 2022; 310:121112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
9
|
Huang L, Li H, Zhong J, Yang L, Chen G, Wang D, Zheng G, Han H, Han X, Long Y, Wang X, Liang J, Yu M, Shen X, Fan M, Fang F, Liao J, Sun D. Efficacy and Safety of the Ketogenic Diet for Mitochondrial Disease With Epilepsy: A Prospective, Open-labeled, Controlled Study. Front Neurol 2022; 13:880944. [PMID: 35979062 PMCID: PMC9377015 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.880944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The ketogenic diet (KD) is increasingly used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy because of its favorable effect on seizure reduction. Patients with mitochondrial diseases tend to experience seizures. Therefore, this study aimed to test the efficacy of the KD on participants with mitochondrial diseases in a controlled trial. Methods Participants from fourteen clinical centers who were diagnosed with mitochondrial disease were semi-randomized to either the intervention (KD) or control group. The KD group followed a 3-month KD intervention, while the control group received a 1-month normal diet initially and then a 3-month KD intervention. The primary outcome measure was seizure reduction. Biomarker changes, cognitive impairments, and side effects were also recorded, if available. Result A total of 33 participants were assigned to the KD (n = 22) and control groups (n = 11). In the KD group, 31.8% (7/22) of participants achieved ≥50% seizure reduction after 1 month of diet intervention, which increased to 40.9% (9/22) at 3 months. In the control group, only 18.2% (2/11) of the participants had ≥50% seizure reduction during the normal diet period. After the control group was transferred to the KD, 63.6% (7/11) of participants had >50% seizure reduction, and this rate increased to 72.7% (8/11) at 3 months. The KD also showed high efficacy in participants with mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) or pathogenic variants in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) (90% and 93.3% response rates, respectively). The most frequent side effects reported at the 3-month review were vomiting, cold, hyperlipidemia, and bloating. Conclusion The KD is a safe and effective therapy for seizure control in mitochondrial diseases, especially MELAS and pathogenic variants of mtDNA. KD intervention can be considered in the management of these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Epilepsy Center, Guangdong 999 Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Liming Yang
- Department of Neurology, Hunan Provincial Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Guohong Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial Children's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Guo Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Han
- Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Shanxi, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiong Han
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yiqin Long
- Department of Neurology, Liuzhou Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Liuzhou, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Changchun Children's Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Jianmin Liang
- Department of Neurology, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mei Yu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyun Shen
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengke Fan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Fang Fang
| | - Jianxiang Liao
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Jianxiang Liao
| | - Dan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Medical College, Wuhan Children's Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Dan Sun
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ward AS, Hsiung CH, Kesterson DG, Kamath VG, McKee EE. Entecavir competitively inhibits deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine phosphorylation in isolated mitochondria and the perfused rat heart. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101876. [PMID: 35358513 PMCID: PMC9097457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxyguanosine kinase (dGK) is reported responsible for the phosphorylation of deoxyadenosine (dA) and deoxyguanosine (dG) in the mitochondrial purine salvage pathway. Antiviral nucleoside analogs known as nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) must be phosphorylated by host enzymes for the analog to become active. We address the possibility that NRTI purine analogs may be competitive inhibitors of dGK. From a group of such analogs, we demonstrate that entecavir (ETV) competitively inhibited the phosphorylation of dG and dA in rat mitochondria. Mitochondria from the brain, heart, kidney, and liver showed a marked preference for phosphorylation of dG over dA (10-30-fold) and ETV over dA (2.5-4-fold). We found that ETV inhibited the phosphorylation of dG with an IC50 of 15.3 ± 2.2 μM and that ETV and dG were both potent inhibitors of dA phosphorylation with IC50s of 0.034 ± 0.007 and 0.028 ± 0.006 μM, respectively. In addition, the phosphorylation of dG and ETV followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics and each competitively inhibited the phosphorylation of the other. We observed that the kinetics of dA phosphorylation were strikingly different from those of dG phosphorylation, with an exponentially lower affinity for dGK and no effect of dA on dG or ETV phosphorylation. Finally, in an isolated heart perfusion model, we demonstrated that dG, dA, and ETV were phosphorylated and dG phosphorylation was inhibited by ETV. Taken together, these data demonstrate that dGK is inhibited by ETV and that the primary role of dGK is in the phosphorylation of dG rather than dA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avery S Ward
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA
| | - Chia-Heng Hsiung
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA; School of Science, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Daniel G Kesterson
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA; Department of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Vasudeva G Kamath
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, Middletown, New York, USA
| | - Edward E McKee
- Department of Foundational Sciences, College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, Michigan, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu W, Liu S, Li P, Yao K. Retinitis Pigmentosa: Progress in Molecular Pathology and Biotherapeutical Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094883. [PMID: 35563274 PMCID: PMC9101511 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is genetically heterogeneous retinopathy caused by photoreceptor cell death and retinal pigment epithelial atrophy that eventually results in blindness in bilateral eyes. Various photoreceptor cell death types and pathological phenotypic changes that have been disclosed in RP demand in-depth research of its pathogenic mechanism that may account for inter-patient heterogeneous responses to mainstream drug treatment. As the primary method for studying the genetic characteristics of RP, molecular biology has been widely used in disease diagnosis and clinical trials. Current technology iterations, such as gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and optogenetics, are advancing towards precise diagnosis and clinical applications. Specifically, technologies, such as effective delivery vectors, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and iPSC-based cell transplantation, hasten the pace of personalized precision medicine in RP. The combination of conventional therapy and state-of-the-art medication is promising in revolutionizing RP treatment strategies. This article provides an overview of the latest research on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of retinitis pigmentosa, aiming for a convenient reference of what has been achieved so far.
Collapse
|
12
|
Benaroya H. Understanding mitochondria and the utility of optimization as a canonical framework for identifying and modeling mitochondrial pathways. Rev Neurosci 2022; 33:657-690. [PMID: 35219282 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2021-0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this paper is to provide an overview of our current understanding of mitochondrial function as a framework to motivate the hypothesis that mitochondrial behavior is governed by optimization principles that are constrained by the laws of the physical and biological sciences. Then, mathematical optimization tools can generally be useful to model some of these processes under reasonable assumptions and limitations. We are specifically interested in optimizations via variational methods, which are briefly summarized. Within such an optimization framework, we suggest that the numerous mechanical instigators of cell and intracellular functioning can be modeled utilizing some of the principles of mechanics that govern engineered systems, as well as by the frequently observed feedback and feedforward mechanisms that coordinate the multitude of processes within cells. These mechanical aspects would need to be coupled to governing biochemical rules. Of course, biological systems are significantly more complex than engineered systems, and require considerably more experimentation to ascertain and characterize parameters and subsequent behavior. That complexity requires well-defined limitations and assumptions for any derived models. Optimality is being motivated as a framework to help us understand how cellular decisions are made, especially those that transition between physiological behaviors and dysfunctions along pathophysiological pathways. We elaborate on our interpretation of optimality and cellular decision making within the body of this paper, as we revisit these ideas in the numerous different contexts of mitochondrial functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haym Benaroya
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Rutgers University, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08901, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Valiente-Pallejà A, Tortajada J, Bulduk BK, Vilella E, Garrabou G, Muntané G, Martorell L. Comprehensive summary of mitochondrial DNA alterations in the postmortem human brain: A systematic review. EBioMedicine 2022; 76:103815. [PMID: 35085849 PMCID: PMC8790490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.103815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes 37 genes necessary for synthesizing 13 essential subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system. mtDNA alterations are known to cause mitochondrial disease (MitD), a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders that often present with neuropsychiatric symptoms. Understanding the nature and frequency of mtDNA alterations in health and disease could be a cornerstone in disentangling the relationship between biochemical findings and clinical symptoms of brain disorders. This systematic review aimed to summarize the mtDNA alterations in human brain tissue reported to date that have implications for further research on the pathophysiological significance of mtDNA alterations in brain functioning. METHODS We searched the PubMed and Embase databases using distinct terms related to postmortem human brain and mtDNA up to June 10, 2021. Reports were eligible if they were empirical studies analysing mtDNA in postmortem human brains. FINDINGS A total of 158 of 637 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were clustered into the following groups: MitD (48 entries), neurological diseases (NeuD, 55 entries), psychiatric diseases (PsyD, 15 entries), a miscellaneous group with controls and other clinical diseases (5 entries), ageing (20 entries), and technical issues (5 entries). Ten entries were ascribed to more than one group. Pathogenic single nucleotide variants (pSNVs), both homo- or heteroplasmic variants, have been widely reported in MitD, with heteroplasmy levels varying among brain regions; however, pSNVs are rarer in NeuD, PsyD and ageing. A lower mtDNA copy number (CN) in disease was described in most, but not all, of the identified studies. mtDNA deletions were identified in individuals in the four clinical categories and ageing. Notably, brain samples showed significantly more mtDNA deletions and at higher heteroplasmy percentages than blood samples, and several of the deletions present in the brain were not detected in the blood. Finally, mtDNA heteroplasmy, mtDNA CN and the deletion levels varied depending on the brain region studied. INTERPRETATION mtDNA alterations are well known to affect human tissues, including the brain. In general, we found that studies of MitD, NeuD, PsyD, and ageing were highly variable in terms of the type of disease or ageing process investigated, number of screened individuals, studied brain regions and technology used. In NeuD and PsyD, no particular type of mtDNA alteration could be unequivocally assigned to any specific disease or diagnostic group. However, the presence of mtDNA deletions and mtDNA CN variation imply a role for mtDNA in NeuD and PsyD. Heteroplasmy levels and threshold effects, affected brain regions, and mitotic segregation patterns of mtDNA alterations may be involved in the complex inheritance of NeuD and PsyD and in the ageing process. Therefore, more information is needed regarding the type of mtDNA alteration, the affected brain regions, the heteroplasmy levels, and their relationship with clinical phenotypes and the ageing process. FUNDING Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata; Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PI18/00514).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Valiente-Pallejà
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Tortajada
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bengisu K Bulduk
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Glòria Garrabou
- Laboratory of Muscle Research and Mitochondrial Function, Department of Internal Medicine-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona (HCB); Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gerard Muntané
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institute of Evolutionary Biology (IBE), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lourdes Martorell
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata (HUIPM); Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV); Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Almannai M, Al Mahmoud RA, Mekki M, El-Hattab AW. Metabolic Seizures. Front Neurol 2021; 12:640371. [PMID: 34295297 PMCID: PMC8290068 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.640371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases should always be considered when evaluating children presenting with seizures. This is because many metabolic disorders are potentially treatable and seizure control can be achieved when these diseases are appropriately treated. Seizures caused by underlying metabolic diseases (metabolic seizures) should be particularly considered in unexplained neonatal seizures, refractory seizures, seizures related to fasting or food intake, seizures associated with other systemic or neurologic features, parental consanguinity, and family history of epilepsy. Metabolic seizures can be caused by various amino acids metabolic disorders, disorders of energy metabolism, cofactor-related metabolic diseases, purine and pyrimidine metabolic diseases, congenital disorders of glycosylation, and lysosomal and peroxisomal disorders. Diagnosing metabolic seizures without delay is essential because the immediate initiation of appropriate therapy for many metabolic diseases can prevent or minimize complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Almannai
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabah A Al Mahmoud
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Mekki
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Pediatrics, Al Qassimi Women's and Children's Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayman W El-Hattab
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.,Clinical Genetics, University Hospital Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mazzaccara C, Mirra B, Barretta F, Caiazza M, Lombardo B, Scudiero O, Tinto N, Limongelli G, Frisso G. Molecular Epidemiology of Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy: A Search Among Mitochondrial and Nuclear Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115742. [PMID: 34072184 PMCID: PMC8197938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy (MCM) is a common manifestation of multi-organ Mitochondrial Diseases (MDs), occasionally present in non-syndromic cases. Diagnosis of MCM is complex because of wide clinical and genetic heterogeneity and requires medical, laboratory, and neuroimaging investigations. Currently, the molecular screening for MCM is fundamental part of MDs management and allows achieving the definitive diagnosis. In this article, we review the current genetic knowledge associated with MDs, focusing on diagnosis of MCM and MDs showing cardiac involvement. We searched for publications on mitochondrial and nuclear genes involved in MCM, mainly focusing on genetic screening based on targeted gene panels for the molecular diagnosis of the MCM, by using Next Generation Sequencing. Here we report twelve case reports, four case-control studies, eleven retrospective studies, and two prospective studies, for a total of twenty-nine papers concerning the evaluation of cardiac manifestations in mitochondrial diseases. From the analysis of published causal mutations, we identified 130 genes to be associated with mitochondrial heart diseases. A large proportion of these genes (34.3%) encode for key proteins involved in the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS), either as directly OXPHOS subunits (22.8%), and as OXPHOS assembly factors (11.5%). Mutations in several mitochondrial tRNA genes have been also reported in multi-organ or isolated MCM (15.3%). This review highlights the main disease-genes, identified by extensive genetic analysis, which could be included as target genes in next generation panels for the molecular diagnosis of patients with clinical suspect of mitochondrial cardiomyopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mazzaccara
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0817-462-422
| | - Bruno Mirra
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Barretta
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Caiazza
- Monaldi Hospital, AO Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.L.)
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Lombardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Scudiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Tinto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Monaldi Hospital, AO Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.L.)
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Frisso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Harmon KK, Stout JR, Fukuda DH, Pabian PS, Rawson ES, Stock MS. The Application of Creatine Supplementation in Medical Rehabilitation. Nutrients 2021; 13:1825. [PMID: 34071875 PMCID: PMC8230227 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous health conditions affecting the musculoskeletal, cardiopulmonary, and nervous systems can result in physical dysfunction, impaired performance, muscle weakness, and disuse-induced atrophy. Due to its well-documented anabolic potential, creatine monohydrate has been investigated as a supplemental agent to mitigate the loss of muscle mass and function in a variety of acute and chronic conditions. A review of the literature was conducted to assess the current state of knowledge regarding the effects of creatine supplementation on rehabilitation from immobilization and injury, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiopulmonary disease, and other muscular disorders. Several of the findings are encouraging, showcasing creatine's potential efficacy as a supplemental agent via preservation of muscle mass, strength, and physical function; however, the results are not consistent. For multiple diseases, only a few creatine studies with small sample sizes have been published, making it difficult to draw definitive conclusions. Rationale for discordant findings is further complicated by differences in disease pathologies, intervention protocols, creatine dosing and duration, and patient population. While creatine supplementation demonstrates promise as a therapeutic aid, more research is needed to fill gaps in knowledge within medical rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kylie K. Harmon
- Neuromuscular Plasticity Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA;
| | - Jeffrey R. Stout
- Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (J.R.S.); (D.H.F.)
| | - David H. Fukuda
- Physiology of Work and Exercise Response (POWER) Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA; (J.R.S.); (D.H.F.)
| | - Patrick S. Pabian
- Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA;
| | - Eric S. Rawson
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Science, Messiah University, Mechanicsburg, PA 17055, USA;
| | - Matt S. Stock
- Neuromuscular Plasticity Laboratory, Institute of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Science, School of Kinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
He C, Su C, Zhang W, Zhou Q, Shen X, Yang J, Shi N. Modulatory Potential of LncRNA Zfas1 for Inflammation and Neuronal Apoptosis in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Yonsei Med J 2021; 62:215-223. [PMID: 33635011 PMCID: PMC7934098 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2021.62.3.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to elucidate whether lncRNA ZFAS1 is involved in neuronal apoptosis and inflammation in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-six TLE patients were recruited, and their peripheral venous blood was gathered to determine Zfas1 expression with polymerase chain reaction. Neurons were separated from hippocampal tissue of newborn SD rats, and si-Zfas1 or pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 was transfected into the neurons. Inflammatory cytokines released by neurons were determined, and neuronal activities were evaluated through MTT assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry. RESULTS Serum levels of Zfas1 were higher in TLE patients than in healthy controls (p<0.05). Furthermore, Zfas1 expression in neurons was raised by pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 and declined after silencing of Zfas1 (p<0.05). Transfection of pcDNA-Zfas1 weakened the viability and proliferation of neurons and increased neuronal apoptosis (p<0.05). Meanwhile, pcDNA3.1-Zfas1 transfection promoted lipopolysaccharide-induced release of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (p<0.05), and boosted NF-κB activation by elevating the expression of NF-κB p65, pIκBα, and IKKβ in neurons (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Our results indicated that lncRNA ZFAS1 exacerbates epilepsy development by promoting neuronal apoptosis and inflammation, implying ZFAS1 as a promising treatment target for epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuan He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical Univeristy, Suzhou, China.
| | - Caixia Su
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical Univeristy, Suzhou, China
| | - Wentong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical Univeristy, Suzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical Univeristy, Suzhou, China
| | - Xu Shen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical Univeristy, Suzhou, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical Univeristy, Suzhou, China
| | - Naixian Shi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical Univeristy, Suzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sidhom EH, Kim C, Kost-Alimova M, Ting MT, Keller K, Avila-Pacheco J, Watts AJ, Vernon KA, Marshall JL, Reyes-Bricio E, Racette M, Wieder N, Kleiner G, Grinkevich EJ, Chen F, Weins A, Clish CB, Shaw JL, Quinzii CM, Greka A. Targeting a Braf/Mapk pathway rescues podocyte lipid peroxidation in CoQ-deficiency kidney disease. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:141380. [PMID: 33444290 DOI: 10.1172/jci141380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations affecting mitochondrial coenzyme Q (CoQ) biosynthesis lead to kidney failure due to selective loss of podocytes, essential cells of the kidney filter. Curiously, neighboring tubular epithelial cells are spared early in disease despite higher mitochondrial content. We sought to illuminate noncanonical, cell-specific roles for CoQ, independently of the electron transport chain (ETC). Here, we demonstrate that CoQ depletion caused by Pdss2 enzyme deficiency in podocytes results in perturbations in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism and the Braf/Mapk pathway rather than ETC dysfunction. Single-nucleus RNA-Seq from kidneys of Pdss2kd/kd mice with nephrotic syndrome and global CoQ deficiency identified a podocyte-specific perturbation of the Braf/Mapk pathway. Treatment with GDC-0879, a Braf/Mapk-targeting compound, ameliorated kidney disease in Pdss2kd/kd mice. Mechanistic studies in Pdss2-depleted podocytes revealed a previously unknown perturbation in PUFA metabolism that was confirmed in vivo. Gpx4, an enzyme that protects against PUFA-mediated lipid peroxidation, was elevated in disease and restored after GDC-0879 treatment. We demonstrate broader human disease relevance by uncovering patterns of GPX4 and Braf/Mapk pathway gene expression in tissue from patients with kidney diseases. Our studies reveal ETC-independent roles for CoQ in podocytes and point to Braf/Mapk as a candidate pathway for the treatment of kidney diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eriene-Heidi Sidhom
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Choah Kim
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - May Theng Ting
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Keith Keller
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Andrew Jb Watts
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine A Vernon
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jamie L Marshall
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Matthew Racette
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicolas Wieder
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giulio Kleiner
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Fei Chen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Astrid Weins
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jillian L Shaw
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Catarina M Quinzii
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anna Greka
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ramaccini D, Montoya-Uribe V, Aan FJ, Modesti L, Potes Y, Wieckowski MR, Krga I, Glibetić M, Pinton P, Giorgi C, Matter ML. Mitochondrial Function and Dysfunction in Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:624216. [PMID: 33511136 PMCID: PMC7835522 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.624216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac tissue requires a persistent production of energy in order to exert its pumping function. Therefore, the maintenance of this function relies on mitochondria that represent the “powerhouse” of all cardiac activities. Mitochondria being one of the key players for the proper functioning of the mammalian heart suggests continual regulation and organization. Mitochondria adapt to cellular energy demands via fusion-fission events and, as a proof-reading ability, undergo mitophagy in cases of abnormalities. Ca2+ fluxes play a pivotal role in regulating all mitochondrial functions, including ATP production, metabolism, oxidative stress balance and apoptosis. Communication between mitochondria and others organelles, especially the sarcoplasmic reticulum is required for optimal function. Consequently, abnormal mitochondrial activity results in decreased energy production leading to pathological conditions. In this review, we will describe how mitochondrial function or dysfunction impacts cardiac activities and the development of dilated cardiomyopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ramaccini
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Femke J Aan
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, United States
| | - Lorenzo Modesti
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Irena Krga
- Center of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Glibetić
- Center of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Almannai M, El-Hattab AW, Ali M, Soler-Alfonso C, Scaglia F. Clinical trials in mitochondrial disorders, an update. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 131:1-13. [PMID: 33129691 PMCID: PMC7537630 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders comprise a molecular and clinically diverse group of diseases that are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction leading to multi-organ disease. With recent advances in molecular technologies, the understanding of the pathomechanisms of a growing list of mitochondrial disorders has been greatly expanded. However, the therapeutic approaches for mitochondrial disorders have lagged behind with treatment options limited mainly to symptom specific therapies and supportive measures. There is an increasing number of clinical trials in mitochondrial disorders aiming for more specific and effective therapies. This review will cover different treatment modalities currently used in mitochondrial disorders, focusing on recent and ongoing clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Almannai
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman W El-Hattab
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - May Ali
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Claudia Soler-Alfonso
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Joint BCM-CUHK Center of Medical Genetics, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu D, Dong Z, Wang J, Tao Y, Sun X, Yao X. The existence and function of mitochondrial component in extracellular vesicles. Mitochondrion 2020; 54:122-127. [PMID: 32861876 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intercellular transfer of mitochondria and mitochondrial components through extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles and exosomes, is an area of intense interest. The cargos that are carried by EVs define their biological activities. Mitochondria are in charge of bioenergetics and maintenance of cell viability. Increasing evidences indicate the presence of intact mitochondria or mitochondrial components in EVs, which raises many questions, how they are engulfed into EVs and what do they do? Here, we present what is currently known about the presence and function of various mitochondrial constituent in EVs. We also review current understanding about how and why mitochondrial components are encapsulated into EVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Zhanchen Dong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 W Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jinling Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 W Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Ye Tao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 W Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiance Sun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 W Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yao
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dalian Medical University, 9 W Lushun South Road, Dalian 116044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ghosh R, Dubey S, Chatterjee S, Finsterer J, Biswas R, Lahiri D, Ray BK. Primary hypoparathyroidism and multiple neuraxial involvement in mitochondrial disorder due to the variant m.15043G>A in MT-CYB. J Neurol Sci 2020; 414:116853. [PMID: 32334272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2020.116853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritwik Ghosh
- Department of General Medicine, Burdwan Medical College & Hospital, Burdwan, West Bengal, India
| | - Souvik Dubey
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research & SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhankar Chatterjee
- Department of General Medicine, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Josef Finsterer
- Department of Neurology, Krankenanstalt Rudolfstiftung, Messerli Institute, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Rakesh Biswas
- Department of Medicine, Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, Telangana, India
| | - Durjoy Lahiri
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research & SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Biman Kanti Ray
- Department of Neuromedicine, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research & SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Al-Shahoumi R, Brady LI, Tarnopolsky MA. A mitochondrial disorder with ptosis and exercise intolerance without ophthalmoparesis secondary to m.5865 T > C variant. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:150-153. [PMID: 32485333 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We describe a novel mitochondrial variant (m.5865 T > C) in a patient with decreased exercise endurance and juvenile onset slowly progressive bilateral ptosis without ophthamloparesis. The m.5865 T > C variant was seen in 82.9% of mtDNA molecules in skeletal muscle tissue and ~8% of mtDNA molecules in urine epithelium, but was not detected in blood leukocytes. The proband does not demonstrate any additional features often seen in individuals with a mitochondrial disorder (i.e., sensorineural hearing loss, type 2 diabetes, stroke-like episodes, muscle weakness, ophthalmoparesis, cardiomyopathy or cardiac arrhythmias). This case suggests that ptosis and exercise intolerance, without ophthalmoparesis, are the primary clinical features of the m.5865 T > C mtDNA variant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Al-Shahoumi
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, 1200 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Lauren I Brady
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, 1200 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Mark A Tarnopolsky
- Department of Paediatrics, McMaster University, 1200 Main St. W., Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Panuzzo C, Jovanovski A, Pergolizzi B, Pironi L, Stanga S, Fava C, Cilloni D. Mitochondria: A Galaxy in the Hematopoietic and Leukemic Stem Cell Universe. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113928. [PMID: 32486249 PMCID: PMC7312164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the main fascinating energetic source into the cells. Their number, shape, and dynamism are controlled by the cell’s type and current behavior. The perturbation of the mitochondrial inward system via stress response and/or oncogenic insults could activate several trafficking molecular mechanisms with the intention to solve the problem. In this review, we aimed to clarify the crucial pathways in the mitochondrial system, dissecting the different metabolic defects, with a special emphasis on hematological malignancies. We investigated the pivotal role of mitochondria in the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and their main alterations that could induce malignant transformation, culminating in the generation of leukemic stem cells (LSCs). In addition, we presented an overview of LSCs mitochondrial dysregulated mechanisms in terms of (1) increasing in oxidative phosphorylation program (OXPHOS), as a crucial process for survival and self-renewal of LSCs,(2) low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and (3) aberrant expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) with sustained mitophagy. Furthermore, these peculiarities may represent attractive new “hot spots” for mitochondrial-targeted therapy. Finally, we remark the potential of the LCS metabolic effectors to be exploited as novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Panuzzo
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (A.J.); (B.P.); (L.P.); (C.F.)
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (D.C.)
| | - Aleksandar Jovanovski
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (A.J.); (B.P.); (L.P.); (C.F.)
| | - Barbara Pergolizzi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (A.J.); (B.P.); (L.P.); (C.F.)
| | - Lucrezia Pironi
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (A.J.); (B.P.); (L.P.); (C.F.)
| | - Serena Stanga
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, 10124 Turin, Italy;
- Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Carmen Fava
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (A.J.); (B.P.); (L.P.); (C.F.)
| | - Daniela Cilloni
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy; (A.J.); (B.P.); (L.P.); (C.F.)
- Correspondence: (C.P.); (D.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ponte S, Carvalho L, Gagliardi M, Campos I, Oliveira PJ, Jacinto A. Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission regulates calcium and F-actin dynamics during wound healing. Biol Open 2020; 9:bio048629. [PMID: 32184231 PMCID: PMC7225088 DOI: 10.1242/bio.048629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria adapt to cellular needs by changes in morphology through fusion and fission events, referred to as mitochondrial dynamics. Mitochondrial function and morphology are intimately connected and the dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics is linked to several human diseases. In this work, we investigated the role of mitochondrial dynamics in wound healing in the Drosophila embryonic epidermis. Mutants for mitochondrial fusion and fission proteins fail to close their wounds, indicating that the regulation of mitochondrial dynamics is required for wound healing. By live-imaging, we found that loss of function of the mitochondrial fission protein Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) compromises the increase of cytosolic and mitochondrial calcium upon wounding and leads to reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and F-actin defects at the wound edge, culminating in wound healing impairment. Our results highlight a new role for mitochondrial dynamics in the regulation of calcium, ROS and F-actin during epithelial repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Ponte
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lara Carvalho
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Maria Gagliardi
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Isabel Campos
- Animal Platforms, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, 1400-038 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC, Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech Building, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - António Jacinto
- CEDOC, Chronic Diseases Research Center, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Felhi R, Charif M, Sfaihi L, Mkaouar-Rebai E, Desquiret-Dumas V, Kallel R, Bris C, Goudenège D, Guichet A, Bonneau D, Procaccio V, Reynier P, Amati-Bonneau P, Hachicha M, Fakhfakh F, Lenaers G. Mutations in aARS genes revealed by targeted next-generation sequencing in patients with mitochondrial diseases. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:3779-3787. [PMID: 32319008 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a clinically heterogeneous group of multisystemic disorders that arise as a result of various mitochondrial dysfunctions. Autosomal recessive aARS deficiencies represent a rapidly growing group of severe rare inherited mitochondrial diseases, involving multiple organs, and currently without curative option. They might be related to defects of mitochondrial aminoacyl t-RNA synthetases (mtARS) that are ubiquitous enzymes involved in mitochondrial aminoacylation and the translation process. Here, using NGS analysis of 281 nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins, we identified 4 variants in different mtARS in three patients from unrelated Tunisian families, with clinical features of mitochondrial disorders. Two homozygous variants were found in KARS (c.683C>T) and AARS2 (c.1150-4C>G), respectively in two patients, while two heterozygous variants in EARS2 (c.486-7C>G) and DARS2 (c.1456C>T) were concomitantly found in the third patient. Bio-informatics investigations predicted their pathogenicity and deleterious effects on pre-mRNA splicing and on protein stability. Thus, our results suggest that mtARS mutations are common in Tunisian patients with mitochondrial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Felhi
- Molecular and Functional Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route Soukra, Km 3, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Majida Charif
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Genetics and Immuno-Cell Therapy Team, Mohammed First University, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Lamia Sfaihi
- Departments of Pediatry, University Hospital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Emna Mkaouar-Rebai
- Molecular and Functional Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route Soukra, Km 3, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Valerie Desquiret-Dumas
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Rim Kallel
- Departments of Pathology, University Hospital Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Céline Bris
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - David Goudenège
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Agnès Guichet
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Dominique Bonneau
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Patrizia Amati-Bonneau
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France.,Departments of Biochemistry and Genetics, University Hospital Angers, Angers, France
| | - Mongia Hachicha
- Departments of Pediatry, University Hospital Hedi Chaker, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Faiza Fakhfakh
- Molecular and Functional Genetics Laboratory, Faculty of Science of Sfax, University of Sfax, Route Soukra, Km 3, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Guy Lenaers
- MitoLab Team, Institut MitoVasc, UMR CNRS6015, INSERM U1083, Angers University, Angers, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Al Jasmi F, Al Zaabi N, Al-Thihli K, Al Teneiji AM, Hertecant J, El-Hattab AW. Endothelial Dysfunction and the Effect of Arginine and Citrulline Supplementation in Children and Adolescents With Mitochondrial Diseases. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis 2020; 12:1179573520909377. [PMID: 32165851 PMCID: PMC7050027 DOI: 10.1177/1179573520909377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to the reduced energy production, characteristic of mitochondrial disorders, nitric oxide (NO) deficiency can occur as well. The NO produced by vascular endothelial cells relaxes vascular smooth muscles, resulting in vasodilation that maintains the patency of small blood vessels and promotes blood flow through microvasculature. Endothelial dysfunction due to inability of vascular endothelium to generate enough NO to maintain adequate vasodilation can result in decreased perfusion in the microvasculature of various tissues, contributing to many complications seen in individuals with mitochondrial diseases. The amino acids arginine and citrulline are NO precursors: increasing their concentrations could potentially restore NO production. METHODS In this study, we assessed endothelial dysfunction in children and adolescents with mitochondrial diseases. We also investigated the effect of arginine and citrulline supplementation on endothelial dysfunction in these individuals. We used peripheral arterial tonometry to measure the reactive hyperemic index (RHI), which is low when there is endothelial dysfunction. RESULTS The results demonstrated low RHI in individuals with mitochondrial diseases, indicating endothelial dysfunction. RHI increased with arginine or citrulline supplementation suggesting that supplementation with NO precursors can improve endothelial dysfunction by enhancing NO production. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first one to use peripheral arterial tonometry methodology in mitochondrial diseases. The results of this study provide evidence for endothelial dysfunction in mitochondrial diseases and demonstrate that arginine or citrulline supplementation can alleviate the endothelial dysfunction, providing more evidence for the potential therapeutic utility of these amino acids in mitochondrial diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Al Jasmi
- Division of Clinical Genetic and Metabolic Disorders, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nuha Al Zaabi
- Division of Clinical Genetic and Metabolic Disorders, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Khalid Al-Thihli
- Genetic and Developmental Medicine Clinic, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Amal M Al Teneiji
- Genetic and Metabolic Division, Pediatrics Department, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jozef Hertecant
- Division of Clinical Genetic and Metabolic Disorders, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayman W El-Hattab
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Mitochondria play various important roles in energy production, metabolism, and apoptosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by alterations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) can lead to the initiation and progression of cancers and other diseases. These alterations include mutations and copy number variations. Especially, the mutations in D-loop, MT-ND1, and MT-ND5 affect mitochondrial functions and are widely detected in various cancers. Meanwhile, several other mutations have been correlated with muscular and neuronal diseases, especially MT-TL1 is deeply related. These pieces of evidence indicated mtDNA alterations in diseases show potential as a novel therapeutic target. mtDNA repair enzymes are the target for delaying or stalling the mtDNA damage-induced cancer progression and metastasis. Moreover, some mutations reveal a prognosis ability of the drug resistance. Current efforts aim to develop mitochondrial transplantation technique as a direct cure for deregulated mitochondria-associated diseases. This review summarizes the implications of mitochondrial dysfunction in cancers and other pathologies; and discusses the relevance of mitochondria-targeted therapies, along with their contribution as potential biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc Ngo Yen Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Kim
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Hwa Jo
- Biomedical Science Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang L, Zhang Z, Khan A, Zheng H, Yuan C, Jiang H. Advances in drug therapy for mitochondrial diseases. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:17. [PMID: 32055608 PMCID: PMC6995731 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.10.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders driven by oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction of the mitochondrial respiratory chain which due to pathogenic mutations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) or nuclear DNA (nDNA). Recent progress in molecular genetics and biochemical methodologies has provided a better understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of mitochondrial diseases, and this has expanded the clinical spectrum of this conditions. But the treatment of mitochondrial diseases is largely symptomatic and thus does not significantly change the course of the disease. Few clinical trials have led to the design of drugs aiming at enhancing mitochondrial function or reversing the consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction which are now used in the clinical treatment of mitochondrial diseases. Several other drugs are currently being evaluated for clinical management of patients with mitochondrial diseases. In this review, the current status of treatments for mitochondrial diseases is described systematically, and newer potential treatment strategies for mitochondrial diseases are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lufei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhaoyong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Aisha Khan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Haishan Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Pfeiffer RL, Marc RE, Jones BW. Persistent remodeling and neurodegeneration in late-stage retinal degeneration. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 74:100771. [PMID: 31356876 PMCID: PMC6982593 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Retinal remodeling is a progressive series of negative plasticity revisions that arise from retinal degeneration, and are seen in retinitis pigmentosa, age-related macular degeneration and other forms of retinal disease. These processes occur regardless of the precipitating event leading to degeneration. Retinal remodeling then culminates in a late-stage neurodegeneration that is indistinguishable from progressive central nervous system (CNS) proteinopathies. Following long-term deafferentation from photoreceptor cell death in humans, and long-lived animal models of retinal degeneration, most retinal neurons reprogram, then die. Glial cells reprogram into multiple anomalous metabolic phenotypes. At the same time, survivor neurons display degenerative inclusions that appear identical to progressive CNS neurodegenerative disease, and contain aberrant α-synuclein (α-syn) and phosphorylated α-syn. In addition, ultrastructural analysis indicates a novel potential mechanism for misfolded protein transfer that may explain how proteinopathies spread. While neurodegeneration poses a barrier to prospective retinal interventions that target primary photoreceptor loss, understanding the progression and time-course of retinal remodeling will be essential for the establishment of windows of therapeutic intervention and appropriate tuning and design of interventions. Finally, the development of protein aggregates and widespread neurodegeneration in numerous retinal degenerative diseases positions the retina as a ideal platform for the study of proteinopathies, and mechanisms of neurodegeneration that drive devastating CNS diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Pfeiffer
- Dept of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - Robert E Marc
- Dept of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Bryan William Jones
- Dept of Ophthalmology, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA; Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hakami WS, Hundallah KJ, Tabarki BM. Metabolic and genetic disorders mimicking cerebral palsy. NEUROSCIENCES (RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIA) 2019; 24:155-163. [PMID: 31380813 PMCID: PMC8015517 DOI: 10.17712/nsj.2019.3.20190045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral palsy is a syndrome that encompasses a large group of childhood movement and posture disorders that result from a lesion occurring in the developing brain. The clinical presentation of many metabolic and genetic conditions, particularly in highly consanguineous populations, can mimic cerebral palsy particularly at early age. The aim of this review article is to identify the clinical features that should alert the physician to the possibility of disorders that resemble cerebral palsy, the clinical and neuroimaging red flags, and highlight some metabolic and genetic conditions which may present with spasticity, ataxia and dyskinesia. In the case of metabolic or genetic disorder, making a precise diagnosis is particularly important for the possibility of treatment, accurate prognosis and genetic counseling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wejdan S. Hakami
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled J. Hundallah
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Brahim M. Tabarki
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Towbin JA, McKenna WJ, Abrams DJ, Ackerman MJ, Calkins H, Darrieux FCC, Daubert JP, de Chillou C, DePasquale EC, Desai MY, Estes NAM, Hua W, Indik JH, Ingles J, James CA, John RM, Judge DP, Keegan R, Krahn AD, Link MS, Marcus FI, McLeod CJ, Mestroni L, Priori SG, Saffitz JE, Sanatani S, Shimizu W, van Tintelen JP, Wilde AAM, Zareba W. 2019 HRS expert consensus statement on evaluation, risk stratification, and management of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. Heart Rhythm 2019; 16:e301-e372. [PMID: 31078652 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 436] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an arrhythmogenic disorder of the myocardium not secondary to ischemic, hypertensive, or valvular heart disease. ACM incorporates a broad spectrum of genetic, systemic, infectious, and inflammatory disorders. This designation includes, but is not limited to, arrhythmogenic right/left ventricular cardiomyopathy, cardiac amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, Chagas disease, and left ventricular noncompaction. The ACM phenotype overlaps with other cardiomyopathies, particularly dilated cardiomyopathy with arrhythmia presentation that may be associated with ventricular dilatation and/or impaired systolic function. This expert consensus statement provides the clinician with guidance on evaluation and management of ACM and includes clinically relevant information on genetics and disease mechanisms. PICO questions were utilized to evaluate contemporary evidence and provide clinical guidance related to exercise in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Recommendations were developed and approved by an expert writing group, after a systematic literature search with evidence tables, and discussion of their own clinical experience, to present the current knowledge in the field. Each recommendation is presented using the Class of Recommendation and Level of Evidence system formulated by the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association and is accompanied by references and explanatory text to provide essential context. The ongoing recognition of the genetic basis of ACM provides the opportunity to examine the diverse triggers and potential common pathway for the development of disease and arrhythmia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey A Towbin
- Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - William J McKenna
- University College London, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - N A Mark Estes
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wei Hua
- Fu Wai Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Julia H Indik
- University of Arizona, Sarver Heart Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jodie Ingles
- Agnes Ginges Centre for Molecular Cardiology at Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Roy M John
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Daniel P Judge
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Roberto Keegan
- Hospital Privado Del Sur, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Hospital Español, Bahia Blanca, Argentina
| | | | - Mark S Link
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Frank I Marcus
- University of Arizona, Sarver Heart Center, Tucson, Arizona
| | | | - Luisa Mestroni
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Silvia G Priori
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart); ICS Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Wataru Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - J Peter van Tintelen
- University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Utrecht University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Department of Genetics, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Arthur A M Wilde
- European Reference Network for Rare and Low Prevalence Complex Diseases of the Heart (ERN GUARD-Heart); University of Amsterdam, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yang X, Lu D, Zhang X, Chen W, Gao S, Dong W, Ma Y, Zhang L. Knockout of ISCA1 causes early embryonic death in rats. Animal Model Exp Med 2019; 2:18-24. [PMID: 31016283 PMCID: PMC6431120 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron-sulfur cluster assembly 1 (ISCA1) is an iron-sulfur (Fe/S) carrier protein that accepts Fe/S from a scaffold protein and transfers it to target proteins including the mitochondrial Fe/S containing proteins. ISCA1 is also the newly identified causal gene for multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions syndrome (MMDS). However, our knowledge about the physiological function of ISCA1 in vivo is currently limited. In this study, we generated an ISCA1 knockout rat line and analyzed the embryo development. METHODS ISCA1 knockout rats were generated by replacing the exon1 of ISCA1 gene with the mCherry-Cre fusion gene using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. The ISCA1 expression pattern was analyzed by fluorescence imaging using ISCA1 promotor driven Cre and mCherry expression. The embryonic morphology was examinated by microscope and mitochondrial proteins were tested by Western blot. RESULTS An ISCA1 knockout rat line was obtained, which expressed mCherry-Cre fusion protein. Both of the fluorescence images from mCherry and Cre induced mCherry in a reporter rat strain, showing that ISCA1 expressed in most of the tissues in rats. The ISCA1 knockout resulted in abnormal development at 8.5 days, with a significant decrease of NDUFA9 protein and an increase of aconitase 2 (ACO2) in rat embryos. CONCLUSION Deletion of ISCA1 induced early death in rats. ISCA1 affected the expression of key proteins in the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex, suggesting that ISCA1 has an important influence on the respiratory complex and energy metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative MedicineNational Health Commission of China (NHC)Institute of Laboratory Animal SciencePeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Dan Lu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human DiseasesInstitute of Laboratory Animal SciencePeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Xu Zhang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human DiseasesInstitute of Laboratory Animal SciencePeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative MedicineNational Health Commission of China (NHC)Institute of Laboratory Animal SciencePeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Shan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative MedicineNational Health Commission of China (NHC)Institute of Laboratory Animal SciencePeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative MedicineNational Health Commission of China (NHC)Institute of Laboratory Animal SciencePeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yuanwu Ma
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Experimental Animal Models of Human DiseasesInstitute of Laboratory Animal SciencePeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
- Neuroscience CenterChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lianfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative MedicineNational Health Commission of China (NHC)Institute of Laboratory Animal SciencePeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
- Neuroscience CenterChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jiang Z, Zhang Y, Yan J, Li F, Geng X, Lu H, Wei X, Feng Y, Wang C, Jia W. De Novo Mutation of m.3243A>G together with m.16093T>C Associated with Atypical Clinical Features in a Pedigree with MIDD Syndrome. J Diabetes Res 2019; 2019:5184647. [PMID: 31143779 PMCID: PMC6476128 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5184647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The syndrome of maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) is typically caused by the m.3243A>G mutation and widely considered maternally inherited. In our study, we aimed to investigate the heredity way of the m.3243A>G among pedigrees with MIDD and discover novel mitochondrial DNA mutations related to atypical clinical phenotypes. METHODS Heteroplasmy levels of the m.3243A>G mutation in peripheral blood, saliva, and urine sediment of 31 individuals from 10 unrelated pedigrees were measured by pyrosequencing. Clinical evaluations including endocrinological, audiological, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations, mitochondrial function evaluation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and whole mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequencing were performed among the spontaneous mutant pedigrees. RESULTS Among the 10 unrelated MIDD pedigrees, we found that the de novo m.3243A>G mutation occurred in the family 1957 (F1957). The proband (F1957-II-1) and her son (F1957-III-1) both manifested diabetes with mild bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and abnormal brain MRI, and F1957-III-1 also complained of severe nausea and vomiting. Mitochondrial function evaluation in PBMCs revealed an increased level of ROS generation and decreased levels of ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in the two m.3243A>G carriers. Whole mtDNA sequencing also revealed a de novo heteroplasmic substitution at m.16093T>C in both the proband and her son. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that de novo m.3243A>G mutation accompanied by other point mutations may occur in the very early embryonic or germ cell stage without maternal inheritance, bringing about both typical and atypical clinical features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Jiang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, The Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, The Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jingbin Yan
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, The Key Laboratory of Embryo Molecular Biology, Ministry of Health of China & Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo and Reproduction Engineering, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Fengwen Li
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, The Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xinqian Geng
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, The Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Huijuan Lu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, The Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Xiaoer Wei
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yanmei Feng
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Congrong Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, The Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Weiping Jia
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, The Metabolic Diseases Biobank, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai 200233, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
El-Hattab AW, Suleiman J, Almannai M, Scaglia F. Mitochondrial dynamics: Biological roles, molecular machinery, and related diseases. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 125:315-321. [PMID: 30361041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that undergo fusion, fission, movement, and mitophagy. These processes are essential to maintain the normal mitochondrial morphology, distribution, and function. Mitochondrial fusion allows the exchange of intramitochondrial material, whereas the fission process is required to replicate the mitochondria during cell division, facilitate the transport and distribution of mitochondria, and allow the isolation of damaged organelles. Mitochondrial mobility is essential for mitochondrial distribution depending on the cellular metabolic demands. Mitophagy is needed for the elimination of dysfunctional and damaged mitochondria to maintain a healthy mitochondrial population. The mitochondrial dynamic processes are mediated by a number of nuclear-encoded proteins that function in mitochondrial transport, fusion, fission, and mitophagy. Disorders of mitochondrial dynamics are caused by pathogenic variants in the genes encoding these proteins. These diseases have a high clinical variability, and range in severity from isolated optic atrophy to lethal encephalopathy. These disorders include defects in mitochondrial fusion (caused by pathogenic variants in MFN2, OPA1, YME1L1, MSTO1, and FBXL4), mitochondrial fission (caused by pathogenic variants in DNM1L and MFF), and mitochondrial autophagy (caused by pathogenic variants in PINK1 and PRKN). In this review, the molecular machinery and biological roles of mitochondrial dynamic processes are discussed. Subsequently, the currently known diseases related to mitochondrial dynamic defects are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman W El-Hattab
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolic Disorders, Pediatrics Department, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jehan Suleiman
- Division of Neurology, Pediatrics Department, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Almannai
- Medical Genetics Division, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA; Joint BCM-CUHK Center of Medical Genetics, Prince of Wales Hospital, ShaTin, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Shurtleff H, Barry D, Chanprasert S, Firman T, Warner M, Saneto RP. Cognitive characteristics of mitochondrial diseases in children. Epilepsy Behav 2018; 88:235-243. [PMID: 30316150 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This retrospective descriptive study was undertaken to further define the intelligence profiles of children with mitochondrial disorders, in the context of seizures and age of symptom onset. METHODS We retrospectively identified forty-nine pediatric patients with definitive mitochondrial disease diagnoses and complete intelligence or adaptive functioning testing data. Patients were 0-216 months at onset of symptoms and 61-250 months of age at testing. Twenty-four of 49 patients had seizures. Twenty-one of the 24 patients with seizures had medically intractable seizures. All patients had Wechsler Intellectual Quotient (IQ) testing, except nine patients with seizures who were unable to engage in IQ testing and were assessed with a structured parent interview measure, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. We used descriptive and exploratory data analysis methods to characterize test results. RESULTS Distribution of ages for patients with the Vineland assessment was younger than those given the Wechsler. The median overall score (combining Wechsler and Vineland summary scores) for all patients was 85 (interquartile range [IQR]: 50, 102), with the group without seizures obtaining a higher median Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) of 100 (IQR: 86, 109), compared to the group with seizures with a median FSIQ of 67 (IQR: 49.5, 89), a difference that is both statistically and clinically different (Δ = 33; 95% CI: 9, 52). The adaptive function measure was composed of patients only with intractable epilepsy and yielded the lowest overall median summary score of 43 (IQR: 37, 50). This general trend in differences between the FSIQ scores of the groups with and without seizures was also seen across all subscale measures analyzed-IQ index scores and two subtest scores, Digit Span and Coding-though differences were not always statistically different. Vargha-Delaney's A effect sizes ranged between 0.68 and 0.90, trends that mirrored those of distributional and median differences. Groups without versus with seizures differed most distinctly in Performance IQ (PIQ), with the group without seizures' median PIQ being 100 (IQR 94, 112) versus the group with seizures' median PIQ being 63 (IQR 54, 84), a difference of 37 points (95% CI). DISCUSSION Results suggest that patients with mitochondrial diseases with seizures and early onset disease represent a worse cognitive phenotype, as compared with those with no seizures, who can have average intelligence. Results are discussed in the context of current literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillary Shurtleff
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dwight Barry
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA; Enterprise Analytics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sirisak Chanprasert
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Tim Firman
- Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Molly Warner
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Russell P Saneto
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Neuroscience Institute, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Almannai M, Wang J, Dai H, El-Hattab AW, Faqeih EA, Saleh MA, Al Asmari A, Alwadei AH, Aljadhai YI, AlHashem A, Tabarki B, Lines MA, Grange DK, Benini R, Alsaman AS, Mahmoud A, Katsonis P, Lichtarge O, Wong LJC. FARS2 deficiency; new cases, review of clinical, biochemical, and molecular spectra, and variants interpretation based on structural, functional, and evolutionary significance. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 125:281-291. [PMID: 30177229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of mitochondrial diseases are found to be caused by pathogenic variants in nuclear encoded mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. FARS2 encodes mitochondrial phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase (mtPheRS) which transfers phenylalanine to its cognate tRNA in mitochondria. Since the first case was reported in 2012, a total of 21 subjects with FARS2 deficiency have been reported to date with a spectrum of disease severity that falls between two phenotypes; early onset epileptic encephalopathy and a less severe phenotype characterized by spastic paraplegia. In this report, we present an additional 15 individuals from 12 families who are mostly Arabs homozygous for the pathogenic variant Y144C, which is associated with the more severe early onset phenotype. The total number of unique pathogenic FARS2 variants known to date is 21 including three different partial gene deletions reported in four individuals. Except for the large deletions, all variants but two (one in-frame deletion of one amino acid and one splice-site variant) are missense. All large deletions and the single splice-site variant are in trans with a missense variant. This suggests that complete loss of function may be incompatible with life. In this report, we also review structural, functional, and evolutionary significance of select FARS2 pathogenic variants reported here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Almannai
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Julia Wang
- Medical Scientist Training Program and Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Hongzheng Dai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ayman W El-Hattab
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolic Disorders, Pediatric Department, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eissa A Faqeih
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Saleh
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Asmari
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H Alwadei
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yaser I Aljadhai
- Department of Neuroimaging and Intervention, Medical Imaging Administration, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal AlHashem
- Department of Pediatric, Prince Sultan Medical Military City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Brahim Tabarki
- Divisions of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matthew A Lines
- Division of Metabolics and Newborn Screening, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Dorothy K Grange
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ruba Benini
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz S Alsaman
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel Mahmoud
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Panagiotis Katsonis
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Olivier Lichtarge
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lee-Jun C Wong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ryzhkova AI, Sazonova MA, Sinyov VV, Galitsyna EV, Chicheva MM, Melnichenko AA, Grechko AV, Postnov AY, Orekhov AN, Shkurat TP. Mitochondrial diseases caused by mtDNA mutations: a mini-review. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2018; 14:1933-1942. [PMID: 30349272 PMCID: PMC6186303 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s154863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several types of mitochondrial cytopathies, which cause a set of disorders, arise as a result of mitochondria’s failure. Mitochondria’s functional disruption leads to development of physical, growing and cognitive disabilities and includes multiple organ pathologies, essentially disturbing the nervous and muscular systems. The origins of mitochondrial cytopathies are mutations in genes of nuclear DNA encoding mitochondrial proteins or in mitochondrial DNA. Nowadays, numerous mtDNA mutations significant to the appearance and progress of pathologies in humans are detected. In this mini-review, we accent on the mitochondrial cytopathies related to mutations of mtDNA. As well known, there are definite set of symptoms of mitochondrial cytopathies distinguishing or similar for different syndromes. The present article contains data about mutations linked with cytopathies that facilitate diagnosis of different syndromes by using genetic analysis methods. In addition, for every individual, more effective therapeutic approach could be developed after wide-range mutant background analysis of mitochondrial genome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia I Ryzhkova
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, .,Department of Virology, K.I. Skryabin Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology-MVA, Moscow, Russian Federation,
| | - Margarita A Sazonova
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, .,Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Vasily V Sinyov
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russian Federation,
| | - Elena V Galitsyna
- Department of Genetics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | - Mariya M Chicheva
- Department of Genetics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| | | | - Andrey V Grechko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Reanimatology and Rehabilitology, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Anton Yu Postnov
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National Medical Research Center of Cardiology, Moscow, Russian Federation,
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Laboratory of Angiopathology, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute for Atherosclerosis Research, Skolkovo Innovative Centre, Moscow Region, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana P Shkurat
- Department of Genetics, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Mitochondrial DNA replication: clinical syndromes. Essays Biochem 2018; 62:297-308. [PMID: 29950321 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20170101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Each nucleated cell contains several hundreds of mitochondria, which are unique organelles in being under dual genome control. The mitochondria contain their own DNA, the mtDNA, but most of mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes, including all the proteins required for replication, transcription, and repair of mtDNA. MtDNA replication is a continuous process that requires coordinated action of several enzymes that are part of the mtDNA replisome. It also requires constant supply of deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates(dNTPs) and interaction with other mitochondria for mixing and unifying the mitochondrial compartment. MtDNA maintenance defects are a growing list of disorders caused by defects in nuclear genes involved in different aspects of mtDNA replication. As a result of defects in these genes, mtDNA depletion and/or multiple mtDNA deletions develop in affected tissues resulting in variable manifestations that range from adult-onset mild disease to lethal presentation early in life.
Collapse
|
41
|
Polyakova VO, Kvetnoy IM, Anderson G, Rosati J, Mazzoccoli G, Linkova NS. Reciprocal Interactions of Mitochondria and the Neuroimmunoendocrine System in Neurodegenerative Disorders: An Important Role for Melatonin Regulation. Front Physiol 2018; 9:199. [PMID: 29593561 PMCID: PMC5857592 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural and functional alterations of mitochondria are intimately linked to a wide array of medical conditions. Many factors are involved in the regulation of mitochondrial function, including cytokines, chaperones, chemokines, neurosteroids, and ubiquitins. The role of diffusely located cells of the neuroendocrine system, including biogenic amines and peptide hormones, in the management of mitochondrial function, as well as the role of altered mitochondrial function in the regulation of these cells and system, is an area of intense investigation. The current article looks at the interactions among the cells of the neuronal-glia, immune and endocrine systems, namely the diffuse neuroimmunoendocrine system (DNIES), and how DNIES interacts with mitochondrial function. Whilst changes in DNIES can impact on mitochondrial function, local, and systemic alterations in mitochondrial function can alter the component systems of DNIES and their interactions. This has etiological, course, and treatment implications for a wide range of medical conditions, including neurodegenerative disorders. Available data on the role of melatonin in these interactions, at cellular and system levels, are reviewed, with directions for future research indicated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria O Polyakova
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductology, Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Physiology and Department of Pathology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor M Kvetnoy
- Department of Gynecology and Reproductology, Ott Institute of Obstetrics, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Department of Physiology and Department of Pathology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - George Anderson
- CRC Scotland and London Clinical Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Rosati
- Cell Reprogramming Unit, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
- Division of Internal Medicine and Chronobiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, IRCCS "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza", San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Natalya S Linkova
- Department of Cell Biology and Pathology, Saint-Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Peter the Great Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
CMS-G from Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima is maintained in natural populations despite containing an atypical cytochrome c oxidase. Biochem J 2018; 475:759-773. [PMID: 29358189 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
While mitochondrial mutants of the respiratory machinery are rare and often lethal, cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), a mitochondrially inherited trait that results in pollen abortion, is frequently encountered in wild populations. It generates a breeding system called gynodioecy. In Beta vulgaris ssp. maritima, a gynodioecious species, we found CMS-G to be widespread across the distribution range of the species. Despite the sequencing of the mitochondrial genome of CMS-G, the mitochondrial sterilizing factor causing CMS-G is still unknown. By characterizing biochemically CMS-G, we found that the expression of several mitochondrial proteins is altered in CMS-G plants. In particular, Cox1, a core subunit of the cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV), is larger but can still assemble into complex IV. However, the CMS-G-specific complex IV was only detected as a stabilized dimer. We did not observe any alteration of the affinity of complex IV for cytochrome c; however, in CMS-G, complex IV capacity is reduced. Our results show that CMS-G is maintained in many natural populations despite being associated with an atypical complex IV. We suggest that the modified complex IV could incur the associated cost predicted by theoretical models to maintain gynodioecy in wild populations.
Collapse
|
43
|
Valiente-Pallejà A, Torrell H, Muntané G, Cortés MJ, Martínez-Leal R, Abasolo N, Alonso Y, Vilella E, Martorell L. Genetic and clinical evidence of mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability. Hum Mol Genet 2018; 27:891-900. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Valiente-Pallejà
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, E43206 Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Gerard Muntané
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, E43206 Reus, Spain
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, E08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria J Cortés
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Intellectual Disability-Developmental Disorders Research Unit (UNIVIDD), Fundació Villablanca, E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i CIències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), E43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rafael Martínez-Leal
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Intellectual Disability-Developmental Disorders Research Unit (UNIVIDD), Fundació Villablanca, E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i CIències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), E43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Nerea Abasolo
- Center for Omic Sciences, 43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Alonso
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, E43206 Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i CIències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), E43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisabet Vilella
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, E43206 Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i CIències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), E43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lourdes Martorell
- Research Department, Hospital Universitari Institut Pere Mata, E43206 Reus, Spain
- Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), E43204 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i CIències de la Salut, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), E43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sandlers Y. The future perspective: metabolomics in laboratory medicine for inborn errors of metabolism. Transl Res 2017; 189:65-75. [PMID: 28675806 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolomics can be described as a simultaneous and comprehensive analysis of small molecules in a biological sample. Recent technological and bioinformatics advances have facilitated large-scale metabolomic studies in many areas, including inborn errors of metabolism (IEMs). Despite significant improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of some IEMs, it is still challenging to understand how genetic variation affects disease progression and susceptibility. In addition, a search for new more personalized therapies and a growing demand for tools to monitor the long-term metabolic effects of existing therapies set the stage for metabolomics integration in preclinical and clinical studies. While targeted metabolomics approach is a common practice in biochemical genetics laboratories for biochemical diagnosis and monitoring of IEMs, applications of untargeted metabolomics in the clinical laboratories are still in infancy, facing some challenges. It is however, expected in the future to dramatically change the scope and utility of the clinical laboratory playing a significant role in patient management. This review provides an overview of targeted and global, large-scale metabolomic studies applied to investigate various IEMs. We discuss an existing and prospective clinical applications of metabolomics in IEMs for better diagnosis and deep understanding of complex metabolic perturbations associated with the etiology of inherited metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yana Sandlers
- Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
El-Hattab AW, Zarante AM, Almannai M, Scaglia F. Therapies for mitochondrial diseases and current clinical trials. Mol Genet Metab 2017; 122:1-9. [PMID: 28943110 PMCID: PMC5773113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of disorders that result from dysfunction of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation due to molecular defects in genes encoding mitochondrial proteins. Despite the advances in molecular and biochemical methodologies leading to better understanding of the etiology and mechanism of these diseases, there are still no satisfactory therapies available for mitochondrial disorders. Treatment for mitochondrial diseases remains largely symptomatic and does not significantly alter the course of the disease. Based on limited number of clinical trials, several agents aiming at enhancing mitochondrial function or treating the consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction have been used. Several agents are currently being evaluated for mitochondrial diseases. Therapeutic strategies for mitochondrial diseases include the use of agents enhancing electron transfer chain function (coenzyme Q10, idebenone, riboflavin, dichloroacetate, and thiamine), agents acting as energy buffer (creatine), antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, lipoic acid, cysteine donors, and EPI-743), amino acids restoring nitric oxide production (arginine and citrulline), cardiolipin protector (elamipretide), agents enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis (bezafibrate, epicatechin, and RTA 408), nucleotide bypass therapy, liver transplantation, and gene therapy. Although, there is a lack of curative therapies for mitochondrial disorders at the current time, the increased number of clinical research evaluating agents that target different aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction is promising and is expected to generate more therapeutic options for these diseases in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman W El-Hattab
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolic Disorders, Pediatrics Department, Tawam Hospital, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mohammed Almannai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Fernando Scaglia
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
El-Hattab AW, Dai H, Almannai M, Wang J, Faqeih EA, Al Asmari A, Saleh MAM, Elamin MAO, Alfadhel M, Alkuraya FS, Hashem M, Aldosary MS, Almass R, Almutairi FB, Alsagob M, Al-Owain M, Al-Sharfa S, Al-Hassnan ZN, Rahbeeni Z, Al-Muhaizea MA, Makhseed N, Foskett GK, Stevenson DA, Gomez-Ospina N, Lee C, Boles RG, Schrier Vergano SA, Wortmann SB, Sperl W, Opladen T, Hoffmann GF, Hempel M, Prokisch H, Alhaddad B, Mayr JA, Chan W, Kaya N, Wong LJC. Molecular and clinical spectra of FBXL4 deficiency. Hum Mutat 2017; 38:1649-1659. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.23341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayman W. El-Hattab
- Division of Clinical Genetics and Metabolic Disorders, Pediatric Department; Tawam Hospital; Al-Ain United Arab Emirates
| | - Hongzheng Dai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston Texas
| | - Mohammed Almannai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston Texas
| | - Julia Wang
- Medical Scientist Training Program and Program in Developmental Biology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston Texas
| | - Eissa A. Faqeih
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital; King Fahad Medical City; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Al Asmari
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital; King Fahad Medical City; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. M. Saleh
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital; King Fahad Medical City; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. O. Elamin
- Section of Medical Genetics, Children's Hospital; King Fahad Medical City; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre; King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics; King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA); Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S. Alkuraya
- Department of Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine; Alfaisal University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mais Hashem
- Department of Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazhor S. Aldosary
- Department of Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawan Almass
- Department of Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Faten B. Almutairi
- Department of Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Maysoon Alsagob
- Department of Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Owain
- Department of Medical Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Shirin Al-Sharfa
- Department of Medical Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair N. Al-Hassnan
- Department of Medical Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Zuhair Rahbeeni
- Department of Medical Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Muhaizea
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine; Alfaisal University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Department of Neurosciences; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Makhseed
- Department of Pediatrics, Al-Jahra Hospital; Ministry of Health; Al-Jahra City Kuwait
| | - Gretchen K. Foskett
- Department of Pediatrics; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford California
| | - David A. Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford California
| | - Natalia Gomez-Ospina
- Department of Pediatrics; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford California
| | - Chung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics; Stanford University School of Medicine; Stanford California
| | | | | | - Saskia B. Wortmann
- Department of Pediatrics, Salzburger Landeskliniken; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
- Institute of Human Genetics; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics; Helmholtz Zentrum München; Neuherberg Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sperl
- Department of Pediatrics, Salzburger Landeskliniken; Paracelsus Medical University; Salzburg Austria
| | - Thomas Opladen
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Divisions of General Pediatrics, Neuropediatrics, and Metabolic Medicine; University Hospital; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Georg F. Hoffmann
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Divisions of General Pediatrics, Neuropediatrics, and Metabolic Medicine; University Hospital; Heidelberg Germany
| | - Maja Hempel
- Institute of Human Genetics; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Hamburg Germany
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human Genetics; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics; Helmholtz Zentrum München; Neuherberg Germany
| | - Bader Alhaddad
- Institute of Human Genetics; Technische Universität München; Munich Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics; Helmholtz Zentrum München; Neuherberg Germany
| | - Johannes A. Mayr
- Department of Pediatrics; Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg; Salzburg Austria
| | - Wenyaw Chan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health; University of Texas-Health Science Center at Houston; Houston Texas
| | - Namik Kaya
- Department of Genetics; King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Lee-Jun C. Wong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston Texas
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Jia PP, Junaid M, Ma YB, Ahmad F, Jia YF, Li WG, Pei DS. Role of human DNA2 (hDNA2) as a potential target for cancer and other diseases: A systematic review. DNA Repair (Amst) 2017; 59:9-19. [PMID: 28903076 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
DNA nuclease/helicase 2 (DNA2), a multi-functional protein protecting the high fidelity of genomic transmission, plays critical roles in DNA replication and repair processes. In the maturation of Okazaki fragments, DNA2 acts synergistically with other enzymes to cleave the DNA-RNA primer flaps via different pathways. DNA2 is also involved in the stability of mitochondrial DNA and the maintenance of telomeres. Moreover, DNA2 potentially participates in controlling the cell cycle by repairing the DNA replication faults at main checkpoints. In addition, previous evidences demonstrated that DNA2 also functions in the repair process of DNA damages, such as base excision repair (BER). Currently, large studies revealed the structures and functions of DNA2 in prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes, such as bacteria and yeast. However, the studies that highlighted the functions of human DNA2 (hDNA2) and the relationships with other multifunctional proteins are still elusive, and more precise investigations are immensely needed. Therefore, this review mainly encompasses the key functions of DNA2 in human cells with various aspects, especially focusing on the genome integrity, and also generalizes the recent insights to the mechanisms related to the occurrence of cancer and other diseases potentially linked to the mutations in DNA2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Pan Jia
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 401122, China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 401122, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan-Bo Ma
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 401122, China
| | - Farooq Ahmad
- Sustainable Development Study Centre, GC University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yong-Fang Jia
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Wei-Guo Li
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 401122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
MRPL33 and its splicing regulator hnRNPK are required for mitochondria function and implicated in tumor progression. Oncogene 2017; 37:86-94. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
49
|
Transient receptor potential canonical type 3 channels: Interactions, role and relevance - A vascular focus. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 174:79-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
50
|
Paleologou E, Ismayilova N, Kinali M. Use of the Ketogenic Diet to Treat Intractable Epilepsy in Mitochondrial Disorders. J Clin Med 2017; 6:E56. [PMID: 28587136 PMCID: PMC5483866 DOI: 10.3390/jcm6060056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders that are caused by defects in the respiratory chain, the metabolic pathway of the adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) production system. Epilepsy is a common and important feature of these disorders and its management can be challenging. Epileptic seizures in the context of mitochondrial disease are usually treated with conventional anti-epileptic medication, apart from valproic acid. However, in accordance with the treatment of intractable epilepsy where there are limited treatment options, the ketogenic diet (KD) has been considered as an alternative therapy. The use of the KD and its more palatable formulations has shown promising results. It is especially indicated and effective in the treatment of mitochondrial disorders due to complex I deficiency. Further research into the mechanism of action and the neuroprotective properties of the KD will allow more targeted therapeutic strategies and thus optimize the treatment of both epilepsy in the context of mitochondrial disorders but also in other neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Paleologou
- Chelsea and Westmister Hospital, 369 Fulham road, Chelsea, London SW10 9NH, UK.
| | - Naila Ismayilova
- Chelsea and Westmister Hospital, 369 Fulham road, Chelsea, London SW10 9NH, UK.
| | - Maria Kinali
- Chelsea and Westmister Hospital, 369 Fulham road, Chelsea, London SW10 9NH, UK.
| |
Collapse
|