1
|
You H, Han W. Identification of necroptosis-related diagnostic biomarkers in coronary heart disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30269. [PMID: 38726127 PMCID: PMC11079106 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The implication of necroptosis in cardiovascular disease was already recognized. However, the molecular mechanism of necroptosis has not been extensively studied in coronary heart disease (CHD). Methods The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between CHD and control samples were acquired in the GSE20681 dataset downloaded from the GEO database. Key necroptosis-related DEGs were captured and ascertained by bioinformatics analysis techniques, including weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and two machine learning algorithms, while single-gene gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed their molecular mechanisms. The diagnostic biomarkers were selected via receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Moreover, an analysis of immune elements infiltration degree was carried out. Authentication of pivotal gene expression at the mRNA level was investigated in vitro utilizing quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results A total of 94 DE-NRGs were recognized here, among which, FAM166B, NEFL, POLDIP3, PRSS37, and ZNF594 were authenticated as necroptosis-related biomarkers, and the linear regression model based on them presented an acceptable ability to different sample types. Following regulatory analysis, the ascertained biomarkers were markedly abundant in functions pertinent to blood circulation, calcium ion homeostasis, and the MAPK/cAMP/Ras signaling pathway. Single-sample GSEA exhibited that APC co-stimulation and CCR were more abundant, and aDCs and B cells were relatively scarce in CHD patients. Consistent findings from bioinformatics and qRT-PCR analyses confirmed the upregulation of NEFL and the downregulation of FAM166B, POLDIP3, and PRSS37 in CHD. Conclusion Our current investigation identified 5 necroptosis-related genes that could be diagnostic markers for CHD and brought a novel comprehension of the latent molecular mechanisms of necroptosis in CHD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongjun You
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenqi Han
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
TRPA1 Promotes Cardiac Myofibroblast Transdifferentiation after Myocardial Infarction Injury via the Calcineurin-NFAT-DYRK1A Signaling Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6408352. [PMID: 31217840 PMCID: PMC6537015 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6408352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) are a critical cell population responsible for myocardial extracellular matrix homeostasis. After stimulation by myocardial infarction (MI), CFs transdifferentiate into cardiac myofibroblasts (CMFs) and play a fundamental role in the fibrotic healing response. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channels are cationic ion channels with a high fractional Ca2+ current, and they are known to influence cardiac function after MI injury; however, the molecular mechanisms regulating CMF transdifferentiation remain poorly understood. TRPA1 knockout mice, their wild-type littermates, and mice pretreated with the TRPA1 agonist cinnamaldehyde (CA) were subjected to MI injury and monitored for survival, cardiac function, and fibrotic remodeling. TRPA1 can drive myofibroblast transdifferentiation initiated 1 week after MI injury. In addition, we explored the underlying mechanisms via in vitro experiments through gene transfection alone or in combination with inhibitor treatment. TRPA1 overexpression fully activated CMF transformation, while CFs lacking TRPA1 were refractory to transforming growth factor β- (TGF-β-) induced transdifferentiation. TGF-β enhanced TRPA1 expression, which promoted the Ca2+-responsive activation of calcineurin (CaN). Moreover, dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated kinase-1a (DYRK1A) regulated CaN-mediated NFAT nuclear translocation and TRPA1-dependent transdifferentiation. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic role for TRPA1 in the regulation of CMF transdifferentiation in response to MI injury and indicate a comprehensive pathway driving CMF formation in conjunction with TGF-β, Ca2+ influx, CaN, NFATc3, and DYRK1A.
Collapse
|
3
|
Mechanism for Regulation of Melanoma Cell Death via Activation of Thermo-TRPV4 and TRPV2. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:7362875. [PMID: 30881453 PMCID: PMC6383420 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7362875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Thermo-TRPs (temperature-sensitive transient receptor potential channels) belong to the TRP (transient receptor potential) channel superfamily. Emerging evidence implied that thermo-TRPs have been involved in regulation of cell fate in certain tumors. However, their distribution profiles and roles in melanoma remain incompletely understood. Methods Western blot and digital PCR approaches were performed to identify the distribution profiles of six thermo-TRPs. MTT assessment was employed to detect cell viability. Flow cytometry was applied to test cell cycle and apoptosis. Calcium imaging was used to determine the function of channels. Five cell lines, including one normal human primary epidermal melanocytes and two human malignant melanoma (A375, G361) and two human metastatic melanoma (A2058, SK-MEL-3) cell lines, were chosen for this research. Results In the present study, six thermo-TRPs including TRPV1/2/3/4, TRPA1, and TRPM8 were examined in human primary melanocytes and melanoma cells. We found that TRPV2/4, TRPA1, and TRPM8 exhibited ectopic distribution both in melanocytes and melanoma cells. Moreover, activation of TRPV2 and TRPV4 could lead to the decline of cell viability for melanoma A2058 and A375 cells. Subsequently, activation of TRPV2 by 2-APB (IC50 = 150 μM) induced cell necrosis in A2058 cells, while activation of TRPV4 by GSK1016790A (IC50 = 10 nM) enhanced apoptosis of A375 cells. Furthermore, TRPV4 mediated cell apoptosis of melanoma via phosphorylation of AKT and was involved in calcium regulation. Conclusion Overall, our studies revealed that TRPV4 and TRPV2 mediated melanoma cell death via channel activation and characterized the mechanism of functional TRPV4 ion channel in regulating AKT pathway driven antitumor process. Thus, they may serve as potential biomarkers for the prognosis and are targeted for the therapeutic use in human melanoma.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou J, Qin M, Wang H, He J, Fu H, Shi H, Liang Z, Tang G. Cav 1.2 and Cav 2.2 expression is regulated by different endogenous ghrelin levels in pancreatic acinar cells during acute pancreatitis. Int J Mol Med 2018; 41:2909-2916. [PMID: 29436604 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ghrelin influences pancreatic endocrine and exocrine functions, regulates intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i levels, and has an anti-inflammatory role in acute pancreatitis. This study investigated the role of endogenous ghrelin in the expression of Cav 1.2 (L-type of Ca2+ channel) and Cav 2.2 (N-type of Ca2+ channel) in acute pancreatitis. For this purpose, acute edematous pancreatitis (AEP) and acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) rat models were established. Cav 1.2 and Cav 2.2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in the pancreatic tissues of rats; ghrelin, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) serum levels were detected using ELISA. Next, in AR42J cells with either knock-out or overexpression of ghrelin, Cav 1.2 and Cav 2.2 expression was examined using western blot analysis, and intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i was detected with confocal microscopy. In this study, the ghrelin serum level was highest in the ANP group and was higher in the AEP group than the normal group. Expression of Cav 1.2 and Cav 2.2 in the ANP and AEP groups was higher than in the respective control groups. The serum IL-1β and TNF-α levels were significantly higher in the ANP group compared to the other groups. Cav 1.2 and Cav 2.2 expression and [Ca2+]i decreased in ghrelin knockdown AR42J cells but increased in ghrelin overexpressing cells. In conclusion, Cav 1.2 and Cav 2.2 expression increased in ANP. The [Ca2+]i level, which is mediated by Cav 1.2 and Cav 2.2 expression, is directly regulated by ghrelin in pancreatic acinar cells, and serum ghrelin levels may be involved in the severity of acute pancreatitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Mengbin Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Huilin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jiaping He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Hongzong Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Huirong Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhihai Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Guodu Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chen W, Lin Y, Zhang X, Xu N, Cheng P. A new cadmium-organic framework fluorescent sensor for Al 3+ and Ca 2+ ions in aqueous medium. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2017.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
6
|
rLj-RGD3, a Novel Three-RGD-Motif-Containing Recombinant Protein from Lampetra japonica, Protects PC12 Cells from Injury Induced by Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reperfusion. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:6701249. [PMID: 27689087 PMCID: PMC5027299 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6701249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
rLj-RGD3 is a 14.5 kDa recombinant protein with 3 RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) motifs from the salivary gland secretions of Lampetra japonica, which is a histidine-rich and arginine-rich protein. Previous reports indicated that rLj-RGD3 has typical functions of RGD-toxin protein, such as platelet aggregation suppression tumour metastasis and angiogenesis inhibition. Because histidine and arginine have cerebral ischemia-reperfusion and neuroprotective functions, we investigated whether rLj-RGD3 has such activities and studied the mechanism. The effects of rLj-RGD3 on neuroprotection and antiapoptosis were determined. The expression level of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), p-FAK, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2 after oxygen-glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD-R) was examined. The viability of PC12 cells incubated with rLj-RGD3 at high concentrations (16 μmol/L) increased significantly due to its ability to protect the cells from apoptosis after OGD-R-induced injury. Furthermore, rLj-RGD3 attenuated the damage due to OGD-R. Most of the PC12 cells were apoptotic after OGD-R. In contrast, the number of apoptotic PC12 cells was significantly decreased in the group treated with a high-dose of rLj-RGD3. In addition, rLj-RGD3 activated FAK and p-FAK protein. rLj-RGD3 inhibited Caspase-3 and upregulated Bcl-2 protein expression in PC12 cells after OGD-R. The study provides the first evidence for neuroprotective effects of rLj-RGD3 in ischemic injury that may be partly mediated through inhibition of Caspase-3 and upregulation of Bcl-2, FAK, and p-FAK protein expression.
Collapse
|
7
|
Turlova E, Bae CYJ, Deurloo M, Chen W, Barszczyk A, Horgen FD, Fleig A, Feng ZP, Sun HS. TRPM7 Regulates Axonal Outgrowth and Maturation of Primary Hippocampal Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 53:595-610. [PMID: 25502295 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-9032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) is a calcium-permeable divalent cation channel and mediates neuronal cell death under ischemic stresses. In this study, we investigated the contribution of TRPM7 to neuronal development in mouse primary hippocampal neurons. We demonstrated that TRPM7 channels are highly expressed in the tips of the growth cone. Either knockdown of TRPM7 with target-specific shRNA or blocking channel conductance by a specific blocker waixenicin A enhanced axonal outgrowth in culture. Blocking TRPM7 activity by waixenicin A reduced calcium influx and accelerated the polarization of the hippocampal neurons as characterized by the development of distinct axons and dendrites. Furthermore, TRPM7 coprecipitated and colocalized with F-actin and α-actinin-1 at the growth cone. We conclude that calcium influx through TRPM7 inhibits axonal outgrowth and maturation by regulating the F-actin and α-actinin-1 protein complex. Inhibition of TRPM7 channel promotes axonal outgrowth, suggesting its therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Christine Y J Bae
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Marielle Deurloo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Wenliang Chen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Andrew Barszczyk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - F David Horgen
- College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, 96744, USA
| | - Andrea Fleig
- Center for Biomedical Research, The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, 96720, USA
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center and John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li J, Zhou R, Zhang J, Li ZF. Calcium signaling of pancreatic acinar cells in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:16146-16152. [PMID: 25473167 PMCID: PMC4239501 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i43.16146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatitis is an increasingly common and sometimes severe disease that lacks a specific therapy. The pathogenesis of pancreatitis is still not well understood. Calcium (Ca2+) is a versatile carrier of signals regulating many aspects of cellular activity and plays a central role in controlling digestive enzyme secretion in pancreatic acinar cells. Ca2+ overload is a key early event and is crucial in the pathogenesis of many diseases. In pancreatic acinar cells, pathological Ca2+ signaling (stimulated by bile, alcohol metabolites and other causes) is a key contributor to the initiation of cell injury due to prolonged and global Ca2+ elevation that results in trypsin activation, vacuolization and necrosis, all of which are crucial in the development of pancreatitis. Increased release of Ca2+ from stores in the intracellular endoplasmic reticulum and/or increased Ca2+ entry through the plasma membrane are causes of such cell damage. Failed mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production reduces re-uptake and extrusion of Ca2+ by the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-activated ATPase and plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase pumps, which contribute to Ca2+ overload. Current findings have provided further insight into the roles and mechanisms of abnormal pancreatic acinar Ca2+ signals in pancreatitis. The lack of available specific treatments is therefore an objective of ongoing research. Research is currently underway to establish the mechanisms and interactions of Ca2+ signals in the pathogenesis of pancreatitis.
Collapse
|
9
|
Heng S, Mak AM, Stubing DB, Monro TM, Abell AD. Dual sensor for Cd(II) and Ca(II): selective nanoliter-scale sensing of metal ions. Anal Chem 2014; 86:3268-72. [PMID: 24617734 DOI: 10.1021/ac500619z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The first selective, dual sensor for Ca(2+) and Cd(2+) capable of detection at 100 pM concentrations was designed and synthesized. The experimental observations made for the MC-cation complexes and the selectivity of compounds 1 and 2 with Ca(2+) and Cd(2+) ions were further explored using density functional theory. A first step toward a nanoliter-scale dip sensor for the dual sensing of Ca(2+) and Cd(2+) was demonstrated using microstructured optical fiber as the sensing platform which is important for ion sensing in confined spaces such as the medium surrounding cell clusters. In addition, this system displays picomolar sensitivity for these ions, with an added ability to reproducibly turn ion-binding on/off.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Heng
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Institute of Photonics & Advanced Sensing and School of Chemistry & Physics, The University of Adelaide , South Australia, Australia 5005
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Mitochondria not only govern energy production, but are also involved in crucial cellular signalling processes. They are one of the most important organelles determining the Ca(2+) regulatory pathway in the cell. Several mathematical models explaining these mechanisms were constructed, but only few of them describe interplay between calcium concentrations in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), cytoplasm and mitochondria. Experiments measuring calcium concentrations in mitochondria and ER suggested the existence of cytosolic microdomains with locally elevated calcium concentration in the nearest vicinity of the outer mitochondrial membrane. These intermediate physical connections between ER and mitochondria are called MAM (mitochondria-associated ER membrane) complexes. We propose a model with a direct calcium flow from ER to mitochondria, which may be justified by the existence of MAMs, and perform detailed numerical analysis of the effect of this flow on the type and shape of calcium oscillations. The model is partially based on the Marhl et al model. We have numerically found that the stable oscillations exist for a considerable set of parameter values. However, for some parameter sets the oscillations disappear and the trajectories of the model tend to a steady state with very high calcium level in mitochondria. This can be interpreted as an early step in an apoptotic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Szopa
- Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen CY, Huang CF, Tseng YT, Kuo SY. Diallyl disulfide induces Ca2+ mobilization in human colon cancer cell line SW480. Arch Toxicol 2011; 86:231-8. [PMID: 21879349 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-011-0748-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Diallyl disulfide (DADS), one of the major organosulfur compounds of garlic, is recognized as a group of potential chemopreventive compounds. In this study, we examines the early signaling effects of DADS on human colorectal cancer cells SW480 loaded with Ca(2+)-sensitive dye fura-2. It was found that DADS caused an immediate and sustained rise of [Ca(2+)](i) in a concentration-dependent manner (EC(50) = 232 μM). DADS also induced a [Ca(2+)](i) elevation when extracellular Ca(2+) was removed, but the magnitude was reduced by 45%. Depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores with 2 μM carbonylcyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, a mitochondrial uncoupler, didn't affect DADS's effect. In Ca(2+)-free medium, the DADS-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise was abolished by depleting stored Ca(2+) with 1 μM thapsigargin (an endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) pump inhibitor). DADS-caused [Ca(2+)](i) rise in Ca(2+)-containing medium was not affected by modulation of protein kinase C activity. The DADS-induced Ca(2+) influx was blocked by nicardipine (10 μM). U73122, an inhibitor of phospholipase C, abolished ATP (but not DADS)-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise. These findings suggest that DADS induced a significant rise in [Ca(2+)](i) in SW480 colon cancer cells by stimulating both extracellular Ca(2+) influx and thapsigargin-sensitive intracellular Ca(2+) release via as yet unidentified mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Yi Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Fooyin University, 151 Chinhsueh Rd, Ta-Liao District, Kaohsiung City, 83102, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Functional SNP in the microRNA-367 binding site in the 3'UTR of the calcium channel ryanodine receptor gene 3 (RYR3) affects breast cancer risk and calcification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:13653-8. [PMID: 21810988 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1103360108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have evaluated and provided evidence that the ryanodine receptor 3 gene (RYR3), which encodes a large protein that forms a calcium channel, is important for the growth, morphology, and migration of breast cancer cells. A putative binding site for microRNA-367 (miR-367) exists in the 3'UTR of RYR3, and a genetic variant, rs1044129 A→G, is present in this binding region. We confirmed that miR-367 regulates the expression of a reporter gene driven by the RYR3 3'UTR and that the regulation was affected by the RYR3 genotype. A thermodynamic model based on base pairing and the secondary structure of the RYR3 mRNA and miR-367 miRNA showed that miR-367 had a higher binding affinity for the A genotype than for the G genotype. The rs1044129 SNP was genotyped in 1,532 breast cancer cases and 1,600 healthy Chinese women. The results showed that compared with the AA genotype, G was a risk genotype for breast cancer development and was also associated with breast cancer calcification and poor survival. Thus, rs1044129 is a unique SNP that resides in a miRNA-gene regulatory loop that affects breast cancer risk, calcification, and survival.
Collapse
|
13
|
Neuregulin-1β Prevents Ca2+ Overloading and Apoptosis Through PI3K/Akt Activation in Cultured Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurons with Excitotoxicity Induced by Glutamate. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2011; 31:1195-201. [DOI: 10.1007/s10571-011-9721-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Accepted: 05/30/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
14
|
Sun W, Pan L, Ma Z. Hypo-osmotic stress enhances the uptake of polyethylenimine/oligonucleotide complexes in A549 cells via Ca(2+) mobilization from intracellular stores. Oligonucleotides 2010; 20:111-5. [PMID: 20078246 DOI: 10.1089/oli.2009.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
To determine the mechanism of osmolarity involved in polyethylenimine (PEI)/oligonucleotide (ON) complex transfection in cells, we measured the fluorescence intensities of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled ONs complexed with PEI and the changes in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](c)) in A549 cells, and we found that uptake of PEI/ON complexes was improved in the cells along with a rise of [Ca(2+)](c) in A549 cells challenged by 50% hypotonic medium. Further experiments showed that the enhanced uptake efficiency and the rise in [Ca(2+)](c) in A549 cells were almost completely abolished from cells loaded with the intracellular calcium chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)-N,N,N,N-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester. 2-Aminoethoxydiphenyl borate or 8-(N,N-diethylamino) octyl-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate, two potent antagonists of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate-mediated Ca(2+) release that blunt [Ca(2+)](c) elevation via Ca(2+) release from endoplasmic reticulum, inhibited the enhanced uptake of PEI/ON complexes induced by Ca(2+)-free hypo-osmotic stress. In summary, the results strongly suggest that calcium-dependent transfection is responsible for the uptake of PEI/ON complexes into A549 cells under hypotonic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenwu Sun
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Northern Hospital of ShenYang, Shenyang, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yong QC, Choo CH, Tan BH, Low CM, Bian JS. Effect of hydrogen sulfide on intracellular calcium homeostasis in neuronal cells. Neurochem Int 2010; 56:508-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2009.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 12/08/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
16
|
Chen CH, Su SJ, Chang KL, Huang MW, Kuo SY. The garlic ingredient diallyl sulfide induces Ca2+ mobilization in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2009; 47:2344-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2009.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2008] [Revised: 06/03/2009] [Accepted: 06/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
17
|
Huang F, Dong X, Zhang L, Zhang X, Zhao D, Bai X, Li Z. The neuroprotective effects of NGF combined with GM1 on injured spinal cord neurons in vitro. Brain Res Bull 2009; 79:85-8. [PMID: 19133317 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2008] [Revised: 12/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Monosialoganglioside (GM1) has been considered to have a neurotrophic factor-like activity. Nerve growth factor (NGF), a member of the neurotrophin family, is essential for neuronal survival, differentiation and maturation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether co-administration of GM1 and NGF reverses glutamate (Glu) neurotoxicity in primary cultured rat embryonic spinal cord neurons. Spinal cord neurons were exposed to Glu (2 mmol/l), Glu (2 mmol/l) plus GM1 (10 mg/ml), Glu (2 mmol/l) plus NGF (10 ng/ml), Glu (2 mmol/l) plus GM1 (5 mg/ml) and NGF (5 ng/ml) and then processed for detecting intracellular concentrations of Ca2+([Ca2+]i) by confocal laser scanning microscopy and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) mRNA by RT-PCR. The fluorescent intensity in Glu plus GM1 and NGF incubated neurons was the lowest as compared with that in other groups. The expression of GAP43 mRNA in Glu plus GM1 and NGF incubated neurons was the highest as compared with that in other groups. These results implicated that GM1 and NGF have synergistic neuroprotective effects on spinal cord neurons with excitotoxicity induced by Glu in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Binzhou Medical College, No. 346 Guanhai Road, Yantai 264003, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen N, Chen X, Wang JH. Homeostasis established by coordination of subcellular compartment plasticity improves spike encoding. J Cell Sci 2008; 121:2961-71. [PMID: 18697837 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.022368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis in cells maintains their survival and functions. The plasticity at neurons and synapses may destabilize their signal encoding. The rapid recovery of cellular homeostasis is needed to secure the precise and reliable encoding of neural signals necessary for well-organized behaviors. We report a homeostatic process that is rapidly established through Ca(2+)-induced coordination of functional plasticity among subcellular compartments. An elevation of cytoplasmic Ca(2+) levels raises the threshold potentials and refractory periods of somatic spikes, and strengthens the signal transmission at glutamatergic and GABAergic synapses, in which synaptic potentiation shortens refractory periods and lowers threshold potentials. Ca(2+) signals also induce an inverse change of membrane excitability at the soma versus the axon. The integrative effect of Ca(2+)-induced plasticity among the subcellular compartments is homeostatic in nature, because it stabilizes neuronal activities and improves spike timing precision. Our study of neuronal homeostasis that is fulfilled by rapidly coordinating subcellular compartments to improve neuronal encoding sheds light on exploring homeostatic mechanisms in other cell types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- State Key Labs for Macrobiomolecules and Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, The People's Republic of China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sehring IM, Klotz C, Beisson J, Plattner H. Rapid downregulation of the Ca2+-signal after exocytosis stimulation in Paramecium cells: essential role of a centrin-rich filamentous cortical network, the infraciliary lattice. Cell Calcium 2008; 45:89-97. [PMID: 18653233 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2008.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Revised: 04/15/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We analysed in Paramecium tetraurelia cells the role of the infraciliary lattice, a cytoskeletal network containing numerous centrin isoforms tightly bound to large binding proteins, in the re-establishment of Ca2+ homeostasis following exocytosis stimulation. The wild type strain d4-2 has been compared with the mutant cell line Delta-PtCenBP1 which is devoid of the infraciliary lattice ("Delta-PtCenBP1" cells). Exocytosis is known to involve the mobilization of cortical Ca2+-stores and a superimposed Ca2+-influx and was analysed using Fura Red ratio imaging. No difference in the initial signal generation was found between wild type and Delta-PtCenBP1 cells. In contrast, decay time was greatly increased in Delta-PtCenBP1 cells particularly when stimulated, e.g., in presence of 1mM extracellular Ca2+, [Ca2+]o. Apparent halftimes of f/f0 decrease were 8.5 s in wild type and approximately 125 s in Delta-PtCenBP1 cells, requiring approximately 30 s and approximately 180 s, respectively, to re-establish intracellular [Ca2+] homeostasis. Lowering [Ca2+]o to 0.1 and 0.01 mM caused an acceleration of intracellular [Ca2+] decay to t(1/2)=33 s and 28 s, respectively, in Delta-PtCenBP1 cells as compared to 8.1 and 5.6, respectively, for wild type cells. We conclude that, in Paramecium cells, the infraciliary lattice is the most efficient endogenous Ca2+ buffering system allowing the rapid downregulation of Ca2+ signals after exocytosis stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne M Sehring
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 5560, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liao CY, Li XY, Wu B, Duan S, Jiang GB. Acute enhancement of synaptic transmission and chronic inhibition of synaptogenesis induced by perfluorooctane sulfonate through mediation of voltage-dependent calcium channel. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2008; 42:5335-5341. [PMID: 18754390 DOI: 10.1021/es800018k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is a persistent and bioaccumulative pollutant ubiquitous in wildlife and humans. Although the distribution and fate of PFOS have been widely studied, its potential neurotoxicity remains largely unknown. In the present study, the acute and chronic effects of PFOS on the development and synaptic transmission of hippocampal neurons was examined. Perfusion with PFOS markedly increased the frequency of miniature postsynaptic currents (mPSCs) and slightly elevated the amplitude of mPSCs in cultured hippocampal neurons. Perfusion with PFOS also increased the amplitude of field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (fEPSPs) recorded in the CA1 region of hippocampal slices. Both of these effects were largely blocked by the L-type Ca2+ channel antagonist nifedipine. Further studies showed that PFOS enhanced inward Ca2+ currents and increased intracellular Ca2+ in cultured neurons; these effects were also substantially inhibited by nifedipine. Moreover, prolonged treatment with PFOS moderately inhibited neurite growth and dramatically suppressed synaptogenesis in cultured neurons in a nifedipine-sensitive manner. Thus, through enhancement of Ca2+ channels, PFOS may exhibit both acute excitotoxic effects on synaptic function and chronically inhibit synaptogenesis in the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Huang F, Liu Z, Liu H, Wang L, Wang H, Li Z. GM1 and NGF modulate Ca2+ homeostasis and GAP43 mRNA expression in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons with excitotoxicity induced by glutamate. Nutr Neurosci 2008; 10:105-11. [PMID: 18019391 DOI: 10.1080/10284150701406752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Monosialoganglioside (GM1) has been considered to have a neurotrophic factor-like activity. Nerve growth factor (NGF), a member of the neurotrophin family, is essential for neuronal survival, differentiation and maturation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether co-administration of GM1 and NGF reverses glutamate (Glu) neurotoxicity in primary cultured rat embryonic dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. DRG neurons were exposed to Glu (2 mmol/1), Glu (2 mmol/1) plus GM1 (10 microg/ml), Glu (2 mmol/l) plus NGF (10 ng/ml), Glu (2 mmol/l) plus GM1 (5 microg/ml) and NGF (5 ng/ml) and then processed for detecting intracellular concentrations of Ca2+ ([Ca2+] i) by confocal laser scanning microscopy and growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) mRNA by RT-PCR. The fluorescent intensity in Glu plus GM1 and NGF incubated neurons was the lowest as compared with that in other groups. The expression of GAP43 mRNA in Glu plus GM1 and NGF incubated neurons was the highest as compared with that in other groups. These results implicated that GM1 and NGF have synergistic neuroprotective effects on DRG neurons with excitotoxicity induced by Glu in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Huang
- Department of Anatomy, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan 250012, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Liu X, Wu X, Cai L, Sun S. CALRETICULIN DOWNREGULATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH FGF-2-INDUCED ANGIOGENESIS THROUGH CALCINEURIN PATHWAY IN ISCHEMIC MYOCARDIUM. Shock 2008; 29:140-8. [PMID: 17693930 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0b013e318123e822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) plays an integral role in therapeutic angiogenesis associated with myocardial infarct healing. Calcium (Ca(2+)) is one of the most universal important signaling molecules that affect cell proliferation and angiogenesis. Calreticulin (CRT), a 46-kd (Ca(2+)) -binding chaperone found mainly in the endoplasmic reticulum, plays an important role in regulating calcium homeostasis. The role of CRT in FGF-2-induced angiogenesis and its signaling pathways in ischemic myocardium are not clear. For this study, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry were used to analyze CRT's differential expression in myocardial microvascular endothelial cells treated with or without FGF-2. Western blotting analysis was used to detect the expression of CRT and calcineurin (CaN) in sham-operated, FGF-2-, or saline intramyocardially injected myocardium. It is found that FGF-2 induced angiogenesis after sustained ischemia with downregulation of CRT expression and upregulation of CaN expression in myocardium. The CRT expression was negatively correlated to angiogenesis. Furthermore, overexpression of CRT or inhibition of CaN with cyclosporine A abolishes FGF-2-induced microvascular endothelial cells proliferation and CaN expression. The results indicate that intramyocardial administration of FGF-2 decreases myocardial CRT expression in parallel with myocardial angiogenesis in ischemic myocardium. The study further indicates that Ca(2+)/CaN signaling pathway may be involved in CRT-related angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhua Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Bednarek EM, Schaheen L, Gaubatz J, Jorgensen EM, Fares H. The plasma membrane calcium ATPase MCA-3 is required for clathrin-mediated endocytosis in scavenger cells of Caenorhabditis elegans. Traffic 2007; 8:543-53. [PMID: 17343680 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2007.00547.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPases (PMCAs) maintain proper intracellular Ca2+ levels by extruding Ca2+ from the cytosol. PMCA genes and splice forms are expressed in tissue-specific patterns in vertebrates, suggesting that these isoforms may regulate specific biological processes. However, knockout mutants die as embryos or undergo cell death; thus, it is unclear whether other cell processes utilize PMCAs or whether these pumps are largely committed to the control of toxic levels of calcium. Here, we analyze the role of the PMCA gene, mca-3, in Caenorhabditis elegans. We report that partial loss-of-function mutations disrupt clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a class of scavenger cells called coelomocytes. Moreover, components of early endocytic machinery are mislocalized in mca-3 mutants, including phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate, clathrin and the Eps15 homology (EH) domain protein RME-1. This defect in endocytosis in the coelomocytes can be reversed by lowering calcium. Together, these data support a function for PMCAs in the regulation of endocytosis in the C. elegans coelomocytes. In addition, they suggest that endocytosis can be blocked by high calcium levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa M Bednarek
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Raghavendra PB, Sreenivasan Y, Manna SK. Oleandrin induces apoptosis in human, but not in murine cells: dephosphorylation of Akt, expression of FasL, and alteration of membrane fluidity. Mol Immunol 2006; 44:2292-302. [PMID: 17173971 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2006.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2006] [Revised: 10/23/2006] [Accepted: 11/06/2006] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Common practice to evaluate the efficacy of any compound as drug is done in cell-based in vitro system followed by in vivo murine model prior to clinical trial in human. Cardiac glycosides are very effective to kill human cells, but not murine cells. In this report, we describe the comparative molecular mechanism of oleandrin, a cardiac glycoside action in human and murine cells. Treatment with oleandrin facilitated nuclear translocation of FKHR in human, but not murine cells by dephosphorylating Akt. It activated MAPK and JNK in human, but not in murine cells and also induced expression of FasL leads to apoptosis in human cells as detected by assaying caspases activation, PARP cleavage, nuclear fragmentation, and annexin staining. Oleandrin interacted with human plasma membrane as evaluated by HPLC, altered its fluidity as detected by DPH binding, inhibited Na+/K+-ATPase activity, and increased intracellular free Ca2+ level followed by calcineurin activity only in human, but not in murine cells. Results suggest that human plasma membrane might be different than murine, which interact with oleandrin that disturb Na+/K+-ATPase pump resulting in the calcification followed by induction of Ca2+-dependent cellular responses such as apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pongali B Raghavendra
- Laboratory of Immunology, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting & Diagnostics, Nacharam, Hyderabad 500076, India
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Song Y, Li M, Li JC, Wei EQ. Edaravone protects PC12 cells from ischemic-like injury via attenuating the damage to mitochondria. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2006; 7:749-56. [PMID: 16909478 PMCID: PMC1559792 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.2006.b0749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Edaravone had been validated to effectively protect against ischemic injuries. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of edaravone by observing the effects on anti-apoptosis, regulation of Bcl-2/Bax protein expression and recovering from damage to mitochondria after OGD (oxygen-glucose deprivation)-reperfusion. METHODS Viability of PC12 cells which were injured at different time of OGD injury, was quantified by measuring MTT (2-(4,5-dimethylthia-zol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) staining. In addition, PC12 cells' viability was also quantified after their preincubation in different concentration of edaravone for 30 min followed by (OGD). Furthermore, apoptotic population of PC12 cells that reinsulted from OGD-reperfusion with or without preincubation with edaravone was determined by flow cytometer analysis, electron microscope and Hoechst/PI staining. Finally, change of Bcl-2/Bax protein expression was detected by Western blot. RESULTS (1) The viability of PC12 cells decreased with time (1 - 12 h) after OGD. We regarded the model of OGD 2 h, then replacing DMEM (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium) for another 24 h as an OGD-reperfusion in this research. Furthermore, most PC12 cells were in the state of apoptosis after OGD-reperfusion. (2) The viability of PC12 cells preincubated with edaravone at high concentrations (1, 0.1, 0.01 micromol/L) increased significantly with edaravone protecting PC12 cells from apoptosis after OGD-reperfusion injury. (3) Furthermore, edaravone attenuates the damage of OGD-reperfusion on mitochondria and regulated Bcl-2/Bax protein imbalance expression after OGD-reperfusion. CONCLUSION Neuroprotective effects of edaravone on ischemic or other brain injuries may be partly mediated through inhibition of Bcl-2/Bax apoptotic pathways by recovering from the damage of mitochondria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Song
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
| | - Ji-cheng Li
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
| | - Er-qing Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310031, China
- †E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Schaub MC, Hefti MA, Zaugg M. Integration of calcium with the signaling network in cardiac myocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2006; 41:183-214. [PMID: 16765984 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2006.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2005] [Revised: 03/07/2006] [Accepted: 04/04/2006] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Calcium has evolved as global intracellular messenger for signal transduction in the millisecond time range by reversibly binding to calcium-sensing proteins. In the cardiomyocyte, ion pumps, ion exchangers and channels keep the cytoplasmic calcium level at rest around approximately 100 nM which is more than 10,000-fold lower than outside the cell. Intracellularly, calcium is mainly stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which comprises the bulk of calcium available for the heartbeat. Regulation of cardiac function including contractility and energy production relies on a three-tiered control system, (i) immediate and fast feedback in response to mechanical load on a beat-to-beat basis (Frank-Starling relation), (ii) more sustained regulation involving transmitters and hormones as primary messengers, and (iii) long-term adaptation by changes in the gene expression profile. Calcium signaling over largely different time scales requires its integration with the protein kinase signaling network which is governed by G-protein-coupled receptors, growth factor and cytokine receptors at the surface membrane. Short-term regulation is dominated by the beta-adrenergic system, while long-term regulation with phenotypic remodeling depends on sustained signaling by growth factors, cytokines and calcium. Mechanisms and new developments in intracellular calcium handling and its interrelation with the MAPK signaling pathways are discussed in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus C Schaub
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Ca(2+) signals have profound and varied effects on growth cone motility and guidance. Modulation of Ca(2+) influx and release from stores by guidance cues shapes Ca(2+) signals, which determine the activation of downstream targets. Although the precise molecular mechanisms that underlie distinct Ca(2+)-mediated effects on growth cone behaviours remain unclear, recent studies have identified important players in both the regulation and targets of Ca(2+) signals in growth cones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M Gomez
- Department of Anatomy, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Plattner H, Diehl S, Husser MR, Hentschel J. Sub-second calcium coupling between outside medium and subplasmalemmal stores during overstimulation/depolarisation-induced ciliary beat reversal in Paramecium cells. Cell Calcium 2006; 39:509-16. [PMID: 16524624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2006.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2005] [Revised: 01/17/2006] [Accepted: 01/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
As amply documented by electrophysiology, depolarisation in Paramecium induces a Ca(2+) influx selectively via ciliary voltage-dependent Ca(2+)-channels, thus inducing ciliary beat reversal. Subsequent downregulation of ciliary Ca(2+) has remained enigmatic. We now analysed this aspect, eventually under overstimulation conditions, by quenched-flow/cryofixation, combined with electron microscope X-ray microanalysis which registers total calcium concentrations, [Ca]. This allows to follow Ca-signals within a time period (> or =30ms) smaller than one ciliary beat ( approximately 50ms) and beyond. Particularly under overstimulation conditions ( approximately 10(-5)M Ca(2+) before, 0.5mM Ca(2+) during stimulation) we find in cilia a [Ca] peak at approximately 80ms and its decay to near-basal levels within 110ms (90%) to 170ms (100% decay). This [Ca] wave is followed, with little delay, by a [Ca] wave into subplasmalemmal Ca-stores (alveolar sacs), culminating at approximately 100ms, with a decay to original levels within 170ms. Also with little delay [Ca] slightly increases in the cytoplasm below. This implies rapid dissipation of Ca(2+) through the ciliary basis, paralleled by a rapid, transient uptake by, and release from cortical stores, suggesting fast exchange mechanisms to be analysed as yet. This novel type of coupling may be relevant for some phenomena described for other cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Plattner
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 5560, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Petersen OH, Sutton R. Ca2+ signalling and pancreatitis: effects of alcohol, bile and coffee. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2006; 27:113-20. [PMID: 16406087 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2005.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2005] [Revised: 11/09/2005] [Accepted: 12/15/2005] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ is a universal intracellular messenger that controls a wide range of cellular processes. In pancreatic acinar cells, acetylcholine and cholecystokinin regulate secretion via generation of repetitive local cytosolic Ca2+ signals in the apical pole. Bile acids and non-oxidative alcohol metabolites can elicit abnormal cytosolic Ca2+ signals that are global and sustained and result in necrosis. Necrosis results from excessive loss of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum, which is mediated by Ca2+ release through specific channels and inhibition of Ca2+ pumps in intracellular stores, followed by entry of extracellular Ca2+. Reduction of the cellular ATP level has a major role in this process. These abnormal Ca2+ signals, which can be inhibited by caffeine, explain how excessive alcohol intake and biliary disease cause acute pancreatitis, an often-fatal human disease in which the pancreas digests itself and its surroundings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ole H Petersen
- MRC Group, Physiological Laboratory and Division of Surgery and Oncology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Plattner H, Hentschel J. Sub-second cellular dynamics: time-resolved electron microscopy and functional correlation. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CYTOLOGY 2006; 255:133-76. [PMID: 17178466 DOI: 10.1016/s0074-7696(06)55003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Subcellular processes, from molecular events to organellar responses and cell movement, cover a broad scale in time and space. Clearly the extremes, such as ion channel activation are accessible only by electrophysiology, whereas numerous routine methods exist for relatively slow processes. However, many other processes, from a millisecond time scale on, can be "caught" only by methods providing appropriate time resolution. Fast freezing (cryofixation) is the method of choice in that case. In combination with follow-up methodologies appropriate for electron microscopic (EM) analysis, with all its variations, such technologies can also provide high spatial resolution. Such analyses may include, for example, freeze-fracturing for analyzing restructuring of membrane components, scanning EM and other standard EM techniques, as well as analytical EM analyses. The latter encompass energy-dispersive x-ray microanalysis and electron spectroscopic imaging, all applicable, for instance, to the second messenger, calcium. Most importantly, when conducted in parallel, such analyses can provide a structural background to the functional analyses, such as cyclic nucleotide formation or protein de- or rephosphorylation during cell stimulation. In sum, we discuss many examples of how it is practically possible to achieve strict function-structure correlations in the sub-second time range. We complement this review by discussing alternative methods currently available to analyze fast cellular phenomena occurring in the sub-second time range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Plattner
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee WJ, Monteith GR, Roberts-Thomson SJ. Calcium transport and signaling in the mammary gland: targets for breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2005; 1765:235-55. [PMID: 16410040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2005.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2005] [Revised: 12/01/2005] [Accepted: 12/01/2005] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The mammary gland is subjected to extensive calcium loads during lactation to support the requirements of milk calcium enrichment. Despite the indispensable nature of calcium homeostasis and signaling in regulating numerous biological functions, the mechanisms by which systemic calcium is transported into milk by the mammary gland are far from completely understood. Furthermore, the implications of calcium signaling in terms of regulating proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in the breast are currently uncertain. Deregulation of calcium homeostasis and signaling is associated with mammary gland pathophysiology and as such, calcium transporters, channels and binding proteins represent potential drug targets for the treatment of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won Jae Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Steele Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|