1
|
Deurloo MHS, Eide S, Turlova E, Li Q, Spijker S, Sun HS, Groffen AJA, Feng ZP. Rasal1 regulates calcium dependent neuronal maturation by modifying microtubule dynamics. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:13. [PMID: 38246997 PMCID: PMC10800070 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01193-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rasal1 is a Ras GTPase-activating protein which contains C2 domains necessary for dynamic membrane association following intracellular calcium elevation. Membrane-bound Rasal1 inactivates Ras signaling through its RasGAP activity, and through such mechanisms has been implicated in regulating various cellular functions in the context of tumors. Although highly expressed in the brain, the contribution of Rasal1 to neuronal development and function has yet to be explored. RESULTS We examined the contributions of Rasal1 to neuronal development in primary culture of hippocampal neurons through modulation of Rasal1 expression using molecular tools. Fixed and live cell imaging demonstrate diffuse expression of Rasal1 throughout the cell soma, dendrites and axon which localizes to the neuronal plasma membrane in response to intracellular calcium fluctuation. Pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation demonstrate direct interaction of Rasal1 with PKC, tubulin, and CaMKII. Consequently, Rasal1 is found to stabilize microtubules, through post-translational modification of tubulin, and accordingly inhibit dendritic outgrowth and branching. Through imaging, molecular, and electrophysiological techniques Rasal1 is shown to promote NMDA-mediated synaptic activity and CaMKII phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS Rasal1 functions in two separate roles in neuronal development; calcium regulated neurite outgrowth and the promotion of NMDA receptor-mediated postsynaptic events which may be mediated both by interaction with direct binding partners or calcium-dependent regulation of down-stream pathways. Importantly, the outlined molecular mechanisms of Rasal1 may contribute notably to normal neuronal development and synapse formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H S Deurloo
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Eide
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Turlova
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Q Li
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - S Spijker
- Department Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Neurogenomics and Cognition Research, VU University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H-S Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - A J A Groffen
- Department of Functional Genomics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognition Research, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Z-P Feng
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Turlova E, Ji D, Deurloo M, Wong R, Fleig A, Horgen FD, Sun HS, Feng ZP. Hypoxia-Induced Neurite Outgrowth Involves Regulation Through TRPM7. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:836-850. [PMID: 36378470 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) is a ubiquitously expressed divalent cation channel that plays a key role in cell functions such as ion homeostasis, cell proliferation, survival, and cytoskeletal dynamics and mediates cells death in hypoxic and ischemic conditions. Previously, TRPM7 was found to play a role in the neurite outgrowth and maturation of primary hippocampal neurons. Either knockdown of TRPM7 with target-specific shRNA or blocking channel conductance by a specific blocker waixenicin A enhanced axonal outgrowth in the primary neuronal culture. In this study, we investigated whether and how TPRM7 is involved in hypoxia-altered neurite outgrowth patterns in E16 hippocampal neuron cultures. We demonstrate that short-term hypoxia activated the MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways, reduced TRPM7 activity, and enhanced axonal outgrowth of neuronal cultures. On the other hand, long-term hypoxia caused a progressive retraction of axons and dendrites that could be attenuated by the TRPM7-specific inhibitor waixenicin A. Further, we demonstrate that in the presence of astrocytes, axonal retraction in long-term hypoxic conditions was enhanced, and TRPM7 block by waixenicin A prevented this retraction. Our data demonstrate the effect of hypoxia on TRPM7 activity and axonal outgrowth/retraction in cultures with or without astrocytes present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Delphine Ji
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Marielle Deurloo
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Raymond Wong
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Andrea Fleig
- Center for Biomedical Research at The Queen's Medical Center and John A. Burns School of Medicine and Cancer Center at the, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 96720, USA
| | - F David Horgen
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, 96744, USA
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Toronto, Canada.
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ovcjak A, Xiao A, Kim JS, Xu B, Szeto V, Turlova E, Abussaud A, Chen NH, Miller SP, Sun HS, Feng ZP. Ryanodine receptor inhibitor dantrolene reduces hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice. Exp Neurol 2022; 351:113985. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.113985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
4
|
Turlova E, Wong R, Xu B, Li F, Du L, Habbous S, Horgen FD, Fleig A, Feng ZP, Sun HS. TRPM7 Mediates Neuronal Cell Death Upstream of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II and Calcineurin Mechanism in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Transl Stroke Res 2020; 12:164-184. [PMID: 32430797 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-020-00810-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7), a calcium-permeable, ubiquitously expressed ion channel, is critical for axonal development, and mediates hypoxic and ischemic neuronal cell death in vitro and in vivo. However, the downstream mechanisms underlying the TRPM7-mediated processes in physiology and pathophysiology remain unclear. In this study, we employed a mouse model of hypoxic-ischemic brain cell death which mimics the pathophysiology of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). HIE is a major public health issue and an important cause of neonatal deaths worldwide; however, the available treatments for HIE remain limited. Its survivors face life-long neurological challenges including mental retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and seizure disorders, motor impairments, and visual and auditory impairments. Through a proteomic analysis, we identified calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and phosphatase calcineurin as potential mediators of cell death downstream from TRPM7 activation. Further analysis revealed that TRPM7 mediates cell death through CaMKII, calmodulin, calcineurin, p38, and cofilin cascade. In vivo, we found a significant reduction of brain injury and improvement of short- and long-term functional outcomes after HI after administration of specific TRPM7 blocker waixenicin A. Our data demonstrate a molecular mechanism of TRPM7-mediated cell death and identifies TRPM7 as a promising therapeutic and drug development target for HIE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Raymond Wong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Baofeng Xu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Feiya Li
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lida Du
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Steven Habbous
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - F David Horgen
- Department of Natural Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, 96744, USA
| | - Andrea Fleig
- Center for Biomedical Research at The Queen's Medical Center and John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Li F, Wong R, Luo Z, Du L, Turlova E, Britto LRG, Feng ZP, Sun HS. Neuroprotective Effects of AG490 in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:8109-8123. [PMID: 31190145 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01656-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In infants and children, neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury represents a major cause of chronic neurological morbidity. The transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2), a non-selective cation channel that conducts calcium, can mediate neuronal death following HI brain injury. An important endogenous activator of TRPM2 is H2O2, which has previously been reported to be upregulated in the neonatal brain after hypoxic ischemic injury. Here, incorporating both in vitro (H2O2-induced neuronal cell death model) and in vivo (mouse HI brain injury model) approaches, we examined the effects of AG490, which can inhibit the H2O2-induced TRPM2 channel. We found that AG490 elicited neuroprotective effects. We confirmed that AG490 reduced H2O2-induced TRPM2 currents. Specifically, application of AG490 to neurons ameliorated H2O2-induced cell injury in vitro. In addition, AG490 administration reduced brain damage and improved neurobehavioral performance following HI brain injury in vivo. The neuroprotective benefits of AG490 suggest that pharmacological inhibition of H2O2-activated TRPM2 currents can be exploited as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat HI-induced neurological complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feiya Li
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Raymond Wong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zhengwei Luo
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lida Du
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Luiz R G Britto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Deurloo MHS, Turlova E, Chen WL, Lin YW, Tam E, Tassew NG, Wu M, Huang YC, Crawley JN, Monnier PP, Groffen AJA, Sun HS, Osborne LR, Feng ZP. Transcription Factor 2I Regulates Neuronal Development via TRPC3 in 7q11.23 Disorder Models. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 56:3313-3325. [PMID: 30120731 PMCID: PMC6477017 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1290-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Williams syndrome (WS) and 7q11.23 duplication syndrome (Dup7q11.23) are neurodevelopmental disorders caused by the deletion and duplication, respectively, of ~ 25 protein-coding genes on chromosome 7q11.23. The general transcription factor 2I (GTF2I, protein TFII-I) is one of these proteins and has been implicated in the neurodevelopmental phenotypes of WS and Dup7q11.23. Here, we investigated the effect of copy number alterations in Gtf2i on neuronal maturation and intracellular calcium entry mechanisms known to be associated with this process. Mice with a single copy of Gtf2i (Gtf2i+/Del) had increased axonal outgrowth and increased TRPC3-mediated calcium entry upon carbachol stimulation. In contrast, mice with 3 copies of Gtf2i (Gtf2i+/Dup) had decreases in axon outgrowth and in TRPC3-mediated calcium entry. The underlying mechanism was that TFII-I did not affect TRPC3 protein expression, while it regulated TRPC3 membrane translocation. Together, our results provide novel functional insight into the cellular mechanisms that underlie neuronal maturation in the context of the 7q11.23 disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marielle H S Deurloo
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Functional Genomics, CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Center, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 1184 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Wen-Liang Chen
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 1184 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - You Wei Lin
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Elaine Tam
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, 1515 West Tower, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Nardos G Tassew
- Vision Division, Krembil Research Institute, Krembil Discovery Tower, KDT-8-418, 60 Leonard Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Michael Wu
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ya-Chi Huang
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jacqueline N Crawley
- MIND Institute, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Philippe P Monnier
- Vision Division, Krembil Research Institute, Krembil Discovery Tower, KDT-8-418, 60 Leonard Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Alexander J A Groffen
- Department of Functional Genomics, CNCR, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University and VU Medical Center, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 1184 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Lucy R Osborne
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, 1515 West Tower, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 661 University Avenue, MaRS Centre, 1515 West Tower, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada.
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bin NR, Ma K, Tien CW, Wang S, Zhu D, Park S, Turlova E, Sugita K, Shirakawa R, van der Sluijs P, Horiuchi H, Sun HS, Monnier PP, Gaisano HY, Sugita S. C2 Domains of Munc13-4 Are Crucial for Ca 2+-Dependent Degranulation and Cytotoxicity in NK Cells. J Immunol 2018; 201:700-713. [PMID: 29884704 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the immune system, degranulation/exocytosis from lymphocytes is crucial for life through facilitating eradication of infected and malignant cells. Dysfunction of the NK cell exocytosis process has been implicated with devastating immune diseases, such as familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms of such processes have remained elusive. In particular, although the lytic granule exocytosis from NK cells is strictly Ca2+-dependent, the molecular identity of the Ca2+ sensor has yet to be identified. In this article, we show multiple lines of evidence in which point mutations in aspartic acid residues in both C2 domains of human Munc13-4, whose mutation underlies familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis type 3, diminished exocytosis with dramatically altered Ca2+ sensitivity in both mouse primary NK cells as well as rat mast cell lines. Furthermore, these mutations within the C2 domains severely impaired NK cell cytotoxicity against malignant cells. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy analysis revealed that the mutations strikingly altered Ca2+ dependence of fusion pore opening of each single granule and frequency of fusion events. Our results demonstrate that both C2 domains of Munc13-4 play critical roles in Ca2+-dependent exocytosis and cytotoxicity by regulating single-granule membrane fusion dynamics in immune cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ryum Bin
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ke Ma
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Chi-Wei Tien
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Siyan Wang
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Seungmee Park
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Kyoko Sugita
- Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Ryutaro Shirakawa
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; and
| | - Peter van der Sluijs
- Department of Cell Biology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hisanori Horiuchi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; and
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Philippe P Monnier
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Division of Genetics and Development, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Herbert Y Gaisano
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shuzo Sugita
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada; .,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Turlova E, Bae CY, Deurloo M, Chen W, Barszczyk A, Horgen FD, Fleig A, Feng ZP, Sun HS. Waixenicin A Regulates Axonal Outgrowth and Maturation of Primary Hippocampal Neurons Through Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin 7 (TRPM7) Blockade. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2017.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
Wong R, Turlova E, Feng ZP, Rutka JT, Sun HS. Activation of TRPM7 by naltriben enhances migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:11239-11248. [PMID: 28061441 PMCID: PMC5355261 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common and aggressive brain tumor in the central nervous system, remains a lethal diagnosis with a median survival of < 15 months. Aberrant expression of the TRPM7 channel has been linked to GBM functions. In this study, using the human GBM cell line U87, we evaluated the TRPM7 activator naltriben on GBM viability, migration, and invasiveness. First, using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique, we showed that naltriben enhanced the endogenous TRPM7-like current in U87 cells. In addition, with Fura-2 Ca2+ imaging, we observed robust Ca2+ influx following naltriben application. Naltriben significantly enhanced U87 cell migration and invasion (assessed with scratch wound assays, Matrigel invasion experiments, and MMP-2 protein expression), but not viability and proliferation (evaluated with MTT assays). Using Western immunoblots, we also detected the protein levels of p-Akt/t-Akt, and p-ERK1|2/t-ERK1|2. We found that naltriben enhanced the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, but not the PI3k/Akt pathway. Therefore, potentiated TRPM7 activity contributes to the devastating migratory and invasive characteristics of GBM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Wong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - James T Rutka
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Huang S, Turlova E, Li F, Bao MH, Szeto V, Wong R, Abussaud A, Wang H, Zhu S, Gao X, Mori Y, Feng ZP, Sun HS. Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 channels (TRPM2) mediate neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in mice. Exp Neurol 2017; 296:32-40. [PMID: 28668375 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2), a calcium-permeable non-selective cation channel, is reported to mediate brain damage following ischemic insults in adult mice. However, the role of TRPM2 channels in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury remains unknown. We hypothesize that TRPM2+/- and TRPM2-/- neonatal mice have reduced hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. To study the effect of TRPM2 on neonatal brain damage, we used 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining to assess the infarct volume and whole brain imaging to assess morphological changes in the brain. In addition, we also evaluated neurobehavioral outcomes for sensorimotor function 7days following hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. We report that the infarct volumes were significantly smaller and behavioral outcomes were improved in both TRPM2+/- and TRPM2-/- mice compared to that of wildtype mice. Next, we found that TRPM2-null mice showed reduced dephosphorylation of GSK-3β following hypoxic ischemic injury unlike sham mice. TRPM2+/- and TRPM2-/- mice also had reduced activation of astrocytes and microglia in ipsilateral hemispheres, compared to wildtype mice. These findings suggest that TRPM2 channels play an essential role in mediating hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice. Genetically eliminating TRPM2 channels can provide neuroprotection against hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and this effect is elicited in part through regulation of GSK-3β.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sammen Huang
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Feiya Li
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Mei-Hua Bao
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Vivian Szeto
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Raymond Wong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ahmed Abussaud
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shuzhen Zhu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Xinzheng Gao
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura Campus, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Huang S, Wang H, Turlova E, Abussaud A, Ji X, Britto LR, Miller SP, Martinez A, Sun HS, Feng ZP. GSK-3β inhibitor TDZD-8 reduces neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2017; 23:405-415. [PMID: 28256059 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 01/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK-3β) is activated following hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury. TDZD-8 is a specific GSK-3β inhibitor. Currently, the impact of inhibiting GSK-3β in neonatal HI injury is unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect of TDZD-8 following neonatal HI brain injury. METHODS Unilateral common carotid artery ligation followed by hypoxia was used to induce HI injury in postnatal day 7 mouse pups pretreated with TDZD-8 or vehicle. The infarct volume, whole-brain imaging, Nissl staining, and behavioral tests were used to evaluate the protective effect of TDZD-8 on the neonatal brain and assess functional recovery after injury. Western blot was used to evaluate protein levels of phosphorylated protein kinase B (Akt), GSK-3β, and cleaved caspase-3. Protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, neuronal marker, and glial fibrillary acidic protein were detected through immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Pretreatment with TDZD-8 significantly reduced brain damage and improved neurobehavioral outcomes following HI injury. TDZD-8 reversed the reduction of phosphorylated Akt and GSK-3β, and the activation of caspase-3 induced by hypoxia-ischemia. In addition, TDZD-8 suppressed apoptotic cell death and reduced reactive astrogliosis. CONCLUSION TDZD-8 has the therapeutic potential for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonates. The neuroprotective effect of TDZD-8 appears to be mediated through its antiapoptotic activity and by reducing astrogliosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sammen Huang
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ahmed Abussaud
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xiang Ji
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Luiz R Britto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Steven P Miller
- Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ana Martinez
- Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu R, Wang H, Xu B, Chen W, Turlova E, Dong N, Sun CLF, Lu Y, Fu H, Shi R, Barszczyk A, Yang D, Jin T, Mannucci E, Feng ZP, Sun HS. Cerebrovascular Safety of Sulfonylureas: The Role of KATP Channels in Neuroprotection and the Risk of Stroke in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes 2016; 65:2795-809. [PMID: 27207539 DOI: 10.2337/db15-1737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Sulfonylureas are ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel blockers commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Activation of KATP channels plays a neuroprotective role in ischemia; thus, whether sulfonylureas affect the outcomes of stroke in patients with T2DM needs to be further studied. In our study, streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) showed larger areas of brain damage and poorer behavioral outcomes. Blocking the KATP channel by tolbutamide increased neuronal injury induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in vitro and permanent MCAO (pMCAO) in vivo. Activating the KATP channel by diazoxide reduced the effects of both the OGD and pMCAO. Western blot analysis in STZ mouse brains indicated an early increase in protein levels of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor 2B and postsynaptic density protein-95, followed by a decrease in phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. Our systematic meta-analysis indicated that patients with T2DM treated with sulfonylureas had a higher odds ratio for stroke morbidity than those who received comparator drugs. Taken together, these results suggest that sulfonylurea treatment in patients with T2DM may inhibit the neuroprotective effects of KATP channels and increase the risk of stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Haitao Wang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Baofeng Xu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wenliang Chen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nan Dong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher L F Sun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yangqingqin Lu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hanhui Fu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ranran Shi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Barszczyk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dongzi Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tianru Jin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edoardo Mannucci
- Diabetology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen WL, Barszczyk A, Turlova E, Deurloo M, Liu B, Yang BB, Rutka JT, Feng ZP, Sun HS. Inhibition of TRPM7 by carvacrol suppresses glioblastoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Oncotarget 2016; 6:16321-40. [PMID: 25965832 PMCID: PMC4599272 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas are progressive brain tumors with devastating proliferative and invasive characteristics. Ion channels are the second largest target class for drug development. In this study, we investigated the effects of the TRPM7 inhibitor carvacrol on the viability, resistance to apoptosis, migration, and invasiveness of the human U87 glioblastoma cell line. The expression levels of TRPM7 mRNA and protein in U87 cells were detected by RT-PCR, western blotting and immunofluorescence. TRPM7 currents were recorded using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. An MTT assay was used to assess cell viability and proliferation. Wound healing and transwell experiments were used to evaluate cell migration and invasion. Protein levels of p-Akt/t-Akt, p-ERK1/2/t-ERK1/2, cleaved caspase-3, MMP-2 and phosphorylated cofilin were also detected. TRPM7 mRNA and protein expression in U87 cells is higher than in normal human astrocytes. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording showed that carvacrol blocks recombinant TRPM7 current in HEK293 cells and endogenous TRPM7-like current in U87 cells. Carvacrol treatment reduced the viability, migration and invasion of U87 cells. Carvacrol also decreased MMP-2 protein expression and promoted the phosphorylation of cofilin. Furthermore, carvacrol inhibited the Ras/MEK/MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Therefore, carvacrol may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of glioblastomas through its inhibition of TRPM7 channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Liang Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Andrew Barszczyk
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Marielle Deurloo
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Baosong Liu
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Burton B Yang
- Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - James T Rutka
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu B, Xiao AJ, Chen W, Turlova E, Liu R, Barszczyk A, Sun CLF, Liu L, Tymianski M, Feng ZP, Sun HS. Neuroprotective Effects of a PSD-95 Inhibitor in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:5962-5970. [PMID: 26520452 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9488-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The postsynaptic density-95 inhibitor NA-1 uncouples NMDA glutamate receptors from downstream neurotoxic signaling pathways without affecting normal glutamate receptor function. NA-1 attenuates NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal cell death after stroke in multiple models and species. However, its efficacy in providing neuroprotection in models of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury has not yet been tested. In this study, a modified version of the Rice-Vannucci method for the induction of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury was performed on postnatal day 7 mouse pups. Animals received a single dose of NA-1 intraperitoneally either before or after right common carotid artery occlusion. All experiments were performed in a blinded manner. Infarct volumes were measured 1 and 7 days after the injury, while behavioral tests were conducted 1, 3, and 7 days after injury. Administration of NA-1 before right common carotid artery occlusion or immediately after ischemia significantly reduced infarct volume and improved neurobehavioral outcomes 1, 3, and 7 days post-injury. The neuroprotection and improvement in neurobehavioral outcomes conferred by NA-1 in this mouse neonatal hypoxic-ischemic injury model imply that NA-1 will be effective in reducing neonatal stroke damage and thus could potentially serve as a therapeutic drug for prevention or treatment of neonatal stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baofeng Xu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Ai-Jiao Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Wenliang Chen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Andrew Barszczyk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Christopher L F Sun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Michael Tymianski
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8. .,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, M5S 1A8.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bin NR, Jung CH, Kim B, Chandrasegram P, Turlova E, Zhu D, Gaisano HY, Sun HS, Sugita S. Chaperoning of closed syntaxin-3 through Lys46 and Glu59 in domain 1 of Munc18 proteins is indispensable for mast cell exocytosis. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:1946-60. [PMID: 25795302 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.165662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how Munc18 proteins govern exocytosis is crucial because mutations of this protein cause severe secretion deficits in neuronal and immune cells. Munc18-2 has indispensable roles in the degranulation of mast cell, partly by binding and chaperoning a subset of syntaxin isoforms. However, the key syntaxin that, crucially, participates in the degranulation – whose levels and intracellular localization are regulated by Munc18-2 – remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that double knockdown of Munc18-1 and Munc-2 in mast cells results in greatly reduced degranulation accompanied with strikingly compromised expression levels and localization of syntaxin-3. This phenotype is fully rescued by wild-type Munc18 proteins but not by the K46E, E59K and K46E/E59K mutants of Munc-18 domain 1, each of which exhibits completely abolished binding to 'closed' syntaxin-3. Furthermore, knockdown of syntaxin-3 strongly impairs degranulation. Collectively, our data argue that residues Lys46 and Glu59 of Munc18 proteins are indispensable for mediating the interaction between Munc18 and closed syntaxin-3, which is essential for degranulation by chaperoning syntaxin-3. Our results also indicate that the functional contribution of these residues differs between immune cell degranulation and neuronal secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na-Ryum Bin
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Chang Hun Jung
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Byungjin Kim
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Prashanth Chandrasegram
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Dan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Herbert Y Gaisano
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shuzo Sugita
- Division of Fundamental Neurobiology, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Krembil Discovery Tower, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen W, Xu B, Xiao A, Liu L, Fang X, Liu R, Turlova E, Barszczyk A, Zhong X, Sun CLF, Britto LRG, Feng ZP, Sun HS. TRPM7 inhibitor carvacrol protects brain from neonatal hypoxic-ischemic injury. Mol Brain 2015; 8:11. [PMID: 25761704 PMCID: PMC4337201 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-015-0102-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study found that suppression of TRPM7 reduced neuronal death in adult rat ischemic brain injury. It was reported that carvacrol blocked TRPM7 and attenuated brain injury in an adult rat MCAO model. The effects of carvacrol on neonatal stroke remain unknown. This study investigated the effects of carvacrol on neuronal injury and behavioral impairment after hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal mice and the potential signaling pathway underlying these effects. RESULTS Carvacrol inhibited TRPM7 current in HEK293 cells over-expressing TRPM7 and TRPM7-like current in hippocampal neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Carvacrol (>200 μM) reduced OGD-induced neuronal injury in cortical neurons. 24 hours after HI, TRPM7 protein level in the ipsilateral hemisphere was significantly higher than in the contralateral hemisphere. Carvacrol (30 and 50 mg/kg) pre-treatment reduced brain infarct volume 24 hours after HI in a dose-dependent manner. Carvacrol pre-treatment also improved neurobehavioral outcomes. Furthermore, animals pre-treated with carvacrol had fewer TUNEL-positive cells in the brain compared to vehicle-treated animals 3 days after HI. Carvacrol pre-treatment also increased Bcl-2/Bax and p-Akt/t-Akt protein ratios and decreased cleaved caspase-3 protein expression 24 hours after HI. CONCLUSIONS Carvacrol pre-treatment protects against neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury by reducing brain infarct volume, promoting pro-survival signaling and inhibiting pro-apoptotic signaling, as well as improving behavioral outcomes. The neuroprotective effect may be mediated by the inhibition of TRPM7 channel function. Carvacrol is a potential drug development target for the treatment of neonatal stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenliang Chen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Baofeng Xu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Aijiao Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Xiaoyan Fang
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Andrew Barszczyk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Xiao Zhong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Christopher L F Sun
- Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5S 1A4, Canada.
| | - Luiz R G Britto
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Turlova E, Bae CYJ, Deurloo M, Chen W, Barszczyk A, Horgen FD, Fleig A, Feng ZP, Sun HS. TRPM7 Regulates Axonal Outgrowth and Maturation of Primary Hippocampal Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 53:595-610. [PMID: 25502295 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-9032-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7) is a calcium-permeable divalent cation channel and mediates neuronal cell death under ischemic stresses. In this study, we investigated the contribution of TRPM7 to neuronal development in mouse primary hippocampal neurons. We demonstrated that TRPM7 channels are highly expressed in the tips of the growth cone. Either knockdown of TRPM7 with target-specific shRNA or blocking channel conductance by a specific blocker waixenicin A enhanced axonal outgrowth in culture. Blocking TRPM7 activity by waixenicin A reduced calcium influx and accelerated the polarization of the hippocampal neurons as characterized by the development of distinct axons and dendrites. Furthermore, TRPM7 coprecipitated and colocalized with F-actin and α-actinin-1 at the growth cone. We conclude that calcium influx through TRPM7 inhibits axonal outgrowth and maturation by regulating the F-actin and α-actinin-1 protein complex. Inhibition of TRPM7 channel promotes axonal outgrowth, suggesting its therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Christine Y J Bae
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Marielle Deurloo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Wenliang Chen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Andrew Barszczyk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - F David Horgen
- College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hawaii Pacific University, Kaneohe, HI, 96744, USA
| | - Andrea Fleig
- Center for Biomedical Research, The Queen's Medical Center, Honolulu, HI, 96720, USA
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center and John A. Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, 96720, USA
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1132 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 3306 Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sun HS, Xu B, Chen W, Xiao A, Turlova E, Alibraham A, Barszczyk A, Bae CYJ, Quan Y, Liu B, Pei L, Sun CLF, Deurloo M, Feng ZP. Neuronal K(ATP) channels mediate hypoxic preconditioning and reduce subsequent neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Exp Neurol 2014; 263:161-71. [PMID: 25448006 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and its related illness hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are major causes of nervous system damage and neurological morbidity in children. Hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) is known to be neuroprotective in cerebral ischemic brain injury. K(ATP) channels are involved in ischemic preconditioning in the heart; however the involvement of neuronal K(ATP) channels in HPC in the brain has not been fully investigated. In this study, we investigated the role of HPC in hypoxia-ischemia (HI)-induced brain injury in postnatal seven-day-old (P7) CD1 mouse pups. Specifically, TTC (2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride) staining was used to assess the infarct volume, TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick end-labeling) to detect apoptotic cells, Western blots to evaluate protein level, and patch-clamp recordings to measure K(ATP) channel current activities. Behavioral tests were performed to assess the functional recovery after hypoxic-ischemic insults. We found that hypoxic preconditioning reduced infarct volume, decreased the number of TUNEL-positive cells, and improved neurobehavioral functional recovery in neonatal mice following hypoxic-ischemic insults. Pre-treatment with a K(ATP) channel blocker, tolbutamide, inhibited hypoxic preconditioning-induced neuroprotection and augmented neurodegeneration following hypoxic-ischemic injury. Pre-treatment with a K(ATP) channel opener, diazoxide, reduced infarct volume and mimicked hypoxic preconditioning-induced neuroprotection. Hypoxic preconditioning induced upregulation of the protein level of the Kir6.2 isoform and enhanced current activities of K(ATP) channels. Hypoxic preconditioning restored the HI-reduced PKC and pAkt levels, and reduced caspase-3 level, while tolbutamide inhibited the effects of hypoxic preconditioning. We conclude that K(ATP) channels are involved in hypoxic preconditioning-induced neuroprotection in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. K(ATP) channel openers may therefore have therapeutic effects in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Baofeng Xu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Wenliang Chen
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Aijiao Xiao
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ekaterina Turlova
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Ammar Alibraham
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Andrew Barszczyk
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Christine Y J Bae
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Yi Quan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Baosong Liu
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Lin Pei
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Christopher L F Sun
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Faculty of Applied Science & Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A4, Canada
| | - Marielle Deurloo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lv S, Turlova E, Zhao S, Kang H, Han M, Sun HS. Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of survivin expression in bladder cancer patients: a meta-analysis. Tumour Biol 2013; 35:1565-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-013-1216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
|
20
|
|