1
|
Lu R, Luo Z, Zhang Y, Chen J, Zhang Y, Zhang C. A Multifunctional Tissue-Engineering Hydrogel Aimed to Regulate Bacterial Ferroptosis-Like Death and Overcoming Infection Toward Bone Remodeling. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2309820. [PMID: 38896799 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Infection is the most common complication after orthopedic surgery and can result in prolonged ailments such as chronic wounds, enlarged bone defects, and osteomyelitis. Iron, which is essential for bacterial metabolism and immune cell functions, is extremely important. Bacteria harness iron from nearby cells to promote biofilm formation, ensuring their survival. Iron deficiency within the infection microenvironment (IME) consequently hampers macrophage function, enabling further dissemination of the infection and hindering macrophage polarization to the M2 phenotype. Therefore, a novel approach is proposed to regulate macrophage polarization, aiming to restore the inflammatory immune environment. A composite hydrogel derived from natural polymers is developed to address infections and manage iron metabolism in macrophages. This IME-responsive hydrogel, named FCL-ECMH, is synthesized by encapsulating vermiculite functional core layers within a decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogel. It is noteworthy that FCL-ECMH can produce reactive oxygen species within the IME. Supplementary photothermal treatment enhances bacterial iron uptake, leading to ferroptosis-like death. This process also rejuvenates the iron-enriched macrophages around the IME, thereby enhancing their antibacterial and tissue repair functions. In vivo experiments confirmed the antibacterial and repair-promoting capabilities of FCL-ECMH, indicating its potential for clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Zhiyuan Luo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jiahao Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Nanomedicine and Intestinal Microecology Research Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 301 Yanchang Road, Shanghai, 200072, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Taizhou Central Hospital, 999 Donghai Road, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou S, Zhang X, Ni W, He Y, Li M, Wang C, Bai Y, Zhang H, Yao M. An Immune-Regulating Polysaccharide Hybrid Hydrogel with Mild Photothermal Effect and Anti-Inflammatory for Accelerating Infected Wound Healing. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2400003. [PMID: 38711313 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial infections and excessive inflammation present substantial challenges for clinical wound healing. Hydrogels with mild photothermal (PTT) effects have emerged as promising agents owing to their dual actions: positive effects on cells and negative effects on bacteria. Here, an injectable self-healing hydrogel of oxidized konjac glucomannan/arginine-modified chitosan (OKGM/CS-Arg, OC) integrated with protocatechualdehyde-@Fe (PF) nanoparticles capable of effectively absorbing near-infrared radiation is synthesized successfully. The OC/PF hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and antioxidant activity. Moreover, in synergy with PTT, OC/PF demonstrates potent antibacterial effects while concurrently stimulating cell migration and new blood vessel formation. In methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-infected full-thickness mouse wounds, the OC/PF hydrogel displays remarkable antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities, and accelerates wound healing by regulating the wound immune microenvironment and promoting M2 macrophage polarization. Consequently, the OC/PF hydrogel represents a novel therapeutic approach for treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and offers a technologically advanced solution for managing infectious wounds in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- ShengZhe Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Wei Ni
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430000, P. R. China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Caixia Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Yubing Bai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
| | - Min Yao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China
- Institute of Traumatic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201999, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Giraudot C, Alazard-Dany N, Lambert V. [Closed-loop synthetic gene circuits for cell-based therapies]. Med Sci (Paris) 2024; 40:437-444. [PMID: 38819279 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2024054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in synthetic biology have paved the way for new cellular therapies, using cells capable of autonomously treating chronic diseases. These cells integrate a set of genes functioning in a closed-loop synthetic circuit, delivering a therapeutic effector in response to a specific pathological signal. While promising in mice, these therapies face clinical challenges related to safety and feasibility of in vivo implementation. The latest generations of synthetic circuits aim to address these issues through advanced bioengineering strategies outlined in this article.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clélia Giraudot
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France - Université de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Marcy-l'Étoile, France
| | - Nathalie Alazard-Dany
- École normale supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Teixeira AP, Fussenegger M. Synthetic Gene Circuits for Regulation of Next-Generation Cell-Based Therapeutics. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309088. [PMID: 38126677 PMCID: PMC10885662 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Arming human cells with synthetic gene circuits enables to expand their capacity to execute superior sensing and response actions, offering tremendous potential for innovative cellular therapeutics. This can be achieved by assembling components from an ever-expanding molecular toolkit, incorporating switches based on transcriptional, translational, or post-translational control mechanisms. This review provides examples from the three classes of switches, and discusses their advantages and limitations to regulate the activity of therapeutic cells in vivo. Genetic switches designed to recognize internal disease-associated signals often encode intricate actuation programs that orchestrate a reduction in the sensed signal, establishing a closed-loop architecture. Conversely, switches engineered to detect external molecular or physical cues operate in an open-loop fashion, switching on or off upon signal exposure. The integration of such synthetic gene circuits into the next generation of chimeric antigen receptor T-cells is already enabling precise calibration of immune responses in terms of magnitude and timing, thereby improving the potency and safety of therapeutic cells. Furthermore, pre-clinical engineered cells targeting other chronic diseases are gathering increasing attention, and this review discusses the path forward for achieving clinical success. With synthetic biology at the forefront, cellular therapeutics holds great promise for groundbreaking treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana P. Teixeira
- Department of Biosystems Science and EngineeringETH ZurichKlingelbergstrasse 48BaselCH‐4056Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and EngineeringETH ZurichKlingelbergstrasse 48BaselCH‐4056Switzerland
- Faculty of ScienceUniversity of BaselKlingelbergstrasse 48BaselCH‐4056Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hahn J, Ding S, Im J, Harimoto T, Leong KW, Danino T. Bacterial therapies at the interface of synthetic biology and nanomedicine. NATURE REVIEWS BIOENGINEERING 2024; 2:120-135. [PMID: 38962719 PMCID: PMC11218715 DOI: 10.1038/s44222-023-00119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Bacteria are emerging as living drugs to treat a broad range of disease indications. However, the inherent advantages of these replicating and immunostimulatory therapies also carry the potential for toxicity. Advances in synthetic biology and the integration of nanomedicine can address this challenge through the engineering of controllable systems that regulate spatial and temporal activation for improved safety and efficacy. Here, we review recent progress in nanobiotechnology-driven engineering of bacteria-based therapies, highlighting limitations and opportunities that will facilitate clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaeseung Hahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suwan Ding
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jongwon Im
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tetsuhiro Harimoto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kam W. Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tal Danino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maffei E, Woischnig AK, Burkolter MR, Heyer Y, Humolli D, Thürkauf N, Bock T, Schmidt A, Manfredi P, Egli A, Khanna N, Jenal U, Harms A. Phage Paride can kill dormant, antibiotic-tolerant cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa by direct lytic replication. Nat Commun 2024; 15:175. [PMID: 38168031 PMCID: PMC10761892 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44157-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages are ubiquitous viral predators that have primarily been studied using fast-growing laboratory cultures of their bacterial hosts. However, microbial life in nature is mostly in a slow- or non-growing, dormant state. Here, we show that diverse phages can infect deep-dormant bacteria and suspend their replication until the host resuscitates ("hibernation"). However, a newly isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage, named Paride, can directly replicate and induce the lysis of deep-dormant hosts. While non-growing bacteria are notoriously tolerant to antibiotic drugs, the combination with Paride enables the carbapenem meropenem to eradicate deep-dormant cultures in vitro and to reduce a resilient bacterial infection of a tissue cage implant in mice. Our work might inspire new treatments for persistent bacterial infections and, more broadly, highlights two viral strategies to infect dormant bacteria (hibernation and direct replication) that will guide future studies on phage-host interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enea Maffei
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, D-HEST, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Kathrin Woischnig
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marco R Burkolter
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, D-HEST, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yannik Heyer
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dorentina Humolli
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, D-HEST, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Thomas Bock
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Adrian Egli
- Division of Clinical Bacteriology and Mycology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Applied Microbiology Research, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University and University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina Khanna
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, D-HEST, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Urs Jenal
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Alexander Harms
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, D-HEST, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Huang J, Xue S, Buchmann P, Teixeira AP, Fussenegger M. An electrogenetic interface to program mammalian gene expression by direct current. Nat Metab 2023; 5:1395-1407. [PMID: 37524785 PMCID: PMC10447240 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Wearable electronic devices are playing a rapidly expanding role in the acquisition of individuals' health data for personalized medical interventions; however, wearables cannot yet directly program gene-based therapies because of the lack of a direct electrogenetic interface. Here we provide the missing link by developing an electrogenetic interface that we call direct current (DC)-actuated regulation technology (DART), which enables electrode-mediated, time- and voltage-dependent transgene expression in human cells using DC from batteries. DART utilizes a DC supply to generate non-toxic levels of reactive oxygen species that act via a biosensor to reversibly fine-tune synthetic promoters. In a proof-of-concept study in a type 1 diabetic male mouse model, a once-daily transdermal stimulation of subcutaneously implanted microencapsulated engineered human cells by energized acupuncture needles (4.5 V DC for 10 s) stimulated insulin release and restored normoglycemia. We believe this technology will enable wearable electronic devices to directly program metabolic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Huang
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shuai Xue
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Peter Buchmann
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ana Palma Teixeira
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bressler EM, Adams S, Liu R, Colson YL, Wong WW, Grinstaff MW. Boolean logic in synthetic biology and biomaterials: Towards living materials in mammalian cell therapeutics. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1244. [PMID: 37386762 PMCID: PMC10310979 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intersection of synthetic biology and biomaterials promises to enhance safety and efficacy in novel therapeutics. Both fields increasingly employ Boolean logic, which allows for specific therapeutic outputs (e.g., drug release, peptide synthesis) in response to inputs such as disease markers or bio-orthogonal stimuli. Examples include stimuli-responsive drug delivery devices and logic-gated chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells. In this review, we explore recent manuscripts highlighting the potential of synthetic biology and biomaterials with Boolean logic to create novel and efficacious living therapeutics. MAIN BODY Collaborations in synthetic biology and biomaterials have led to significant advancements in drug delivery and cell therapy. Borrowing from synthetic biology, researchers have created Boolean-responsive biomaterials sensitive to multiple inputs including pH, light, enzymes and more to produce functional outputs such as degradation, gel-sol transition and conformational change. Biomaterials also enhance synthetic biology, particularly CAR T and adoptive T cell therapy, by modulating therapeutic immune cells in vivo. Nanoparticles and hydrogels also enable in situ generation of CAR T cells, which promises to drive down production costs and expand access to these therapies to a larger population. Biomaterials are also used to interface with logic-gated CAR T cell therapies, creating controllable cellular therapies that enhance safety and efficacy. Finally, designer cells acting as living therapeutic factories benefit from biomaterials that improve biocompatibility and stability in vivo. CONCLUSION By using Boolean logic in both cellular therapy and drug delivery devices, researchers have achieved better safety and efficacy outcomes. While early projects show incredible promise, coordination between these fields is ongoing and growing. We expect that these collaborations will continue to grow and realize the next generation of living biomaterial therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M. Bressler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biological Design CenterBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Sarah Adams
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biological Design CenterBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Rong Liu
- Division of Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Yolonda L. Colson
- Division of Thoracic SurgeryDepartment of SurgeryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Wilson W. Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biological Design CenterBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Biological Design CenterBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biomedical EngineeringBoston UniversityBostonMassachusettsUSA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Dai J, Battini N, Zang Z, Luo Y, Zhou C. Novel Thiazolylketenyl Quinazolinones as Potential Anti-MRSA Agents and Allosteric Modulator for PBP2a. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104240. [PMID: 37241983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus have seriously threatened public health. There is an urgent need to propose an existing regimen to overcome multidrug resistance of MRSA. A unique class of novel anti-MRSA thiazolylketenyl quinazolinones (TQs) and their analogs were developed. Some synthesized compounds showed good bacteriostatic potency. Especially TQ 4 was found to exhibit excellent inhibition against MRSA with a low MIC of 0.5 μg/mL, which was 8-fold more effective than norfloxacin. The combination of TQ 4 with cefdinir showed stronger antibacterial potency. Further investigation revealed that TQ 4, with low hemolytic toxicity and low drug resistance, was not only able to inhibit biofilm formation but also could reduce MRSA metabolic activity and showed good drug-likeness. Mechanistic explorations revealed that TQ 4 could cause leakage of proteins by disrupting membrane integrity and block DNA replication by intercalated DNA. Furthermore, the synergistic antibacterial effect with cefdinir might be attributed to TQ 4 with the ability to induce PBP2a allosteric regulation of MRSA and further trigger the opening of the active site to promote the binding of cefdinir to the active site, thus inhibiting the expression of PBP2a, thereby overcoming MRSA resistance and significantly enhancing the anti-MRSA activity of cefdinir. A new strategy provided by these findings was that TQ 4, possessing both excellent anti-MRSA activity and allosteric effect of PBP2a, merited further development as a novel class of antibacterial agents to overcome increasingly severe MRSA infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dai
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Narsaiah Battini
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Zhonglin Zang
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Luo
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Kinase Modulators as Innovative Medicine, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Chenghe Zhou
- Institute of Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Engineering antiviral immune-like systems for autonomous virus detection and inhibition in mice. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7629. [PMID: 36494373 PMCID: PMC9734111 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35425-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that viral diseases represent an enormous public health and economic threat to mankind and that individuals with compromised immune systems are at greater risk of complications and death from viral diseases. The development of broad-spectrum antivirals is an important part of pandemic preparedness. Here, we have engineer a series of designer cells which we term autonomous, intelligent, virus-inducible immune-like (ALICE) cells as sense-and-destroy antiviral system. After developing a destabilized STING-based sensor to detect viruses from seven different genera, we have used a synthetic signal transduction system to link viral detection to the expression of multiple antiviral effector molecules, including antiviral cytokines, a CRISPR-Cas9 module for viral degradation and the secretion of a neutralizing antibody. We perform a proof-of-concept study using multiple iterations of our ALICE system in vitro, followed by in vivo functionality testing in mice. We show that dual output ALICESaCas9+Ab system delivered by an AAV-vector inhibited viral infection in herpetic simplex keratitis (HSK) mouse model. Our work demonstrates that viral detection and antiviral countermeasures can be paired for intelligent sense-and-destroy applications as a flexible and innovative method against virus infection.
Collapse
|
11
|
Mansouri M, Ray PG, Franko N, Xue S, Fussenegger M. Design of programmable post-translational switch control platform for on-demand protein secretion in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 51:e1. [PMID: 36268868 PMCID: PMC9841418 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel strategies to program cellular behaviors is a central goal in synthetic biology, and post-translational control mediated by engineered protein circuits is a particularly attractive approach to achieve rapid protein secretion on demand. We have developed a programmable protease-mediated post-translational switch (POSH) control platform composed of a chimeric protein unit that consists of a protein of interest fused via a transmembrane domain to a cleavable ER-retention signal, together with two cytosolic inducer-sensitive split protease components. The protease components combine in the presence of the specific inducer to generate active protease, which cleaves the ER-retention signal, releasing the transmembrane-domain-linked protein for trafficking to the trans-Golgi region. A furin site placed downstream of the protein ensures cleavage and subsequent secretion of the desired protein. We show that stimuli ranging from plant-derived, clinically compatible chemicals to remotely controllable inducers such as light and electrostimulation can program protein secretion in various POSH-engineered designer mammalian cells. As proof-of-concept, an all-in-one POSH control plasmid encoding insulin and abscisic acid-activatable split protease units was hydrodynamically transfected into the liver of type-1 diabetic mice. Induction with abscisic acid attenuated glycemic excursions in glucose-tolerance tests. Increased blood levels of insulin were maintained for 12 days.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maysam Mansouri
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Preetam Guha Ray
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nik Franko
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shuai Xue
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +41 61 387 31 60; Fax: +41 61 387 39 88;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang T, Jiang F, Su J, Chu X, Cao Y, Lv H, Deng X, Wang J. A Dual-Action Molecule Suppresses S. aureus Infection as an Inhibitor Targeting Hla Pore Formation and TLR2 Signaling. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2022; 6:e2200109. [PMID: 35754300 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is the greatest challenge for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection under the global antibiotic resistance crisis. With the bottleneck period of the development of new antibiotics, novel alternative agents are urgently in need. In this study, the small molecule amentoflavone is identified as a dual-action inhibitor of Hla, a pore-forming virulence determinant particularly important for S. aureus pathogenicity and Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) signaling, which triggers inflammation response upon recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Amentoflavone treatment conferred effective protection against S. aureus pneumonia through this dual-action mechanism. Mechanically, amentoflavone effectively inhibited Hla pore formation, thereby reducing Hla-mediated cytotoxicity and tissue damage; at the same time, amentoflavone suppressed TLR2-mediated inflammatory response by blocking the interaction between TLR2 and its adapter myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88). Surprisingly, TLR2 signaling induced by synthetic bacterial TLR2 agonists and other heat-killed gram-positive bacteria is also blocked by amentoflavone. In summary, these results presented amentoflavone as a potential antibiotic alternative that curbed S. aureus infection by simultaneously suppressing host-damaging virulence determinants derived from bacteria and the detrimental effect of excessive inflammation derived from the host rather than bacteria viability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Fan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jianqing Su
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Xiuling Chu
- College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Yongguo Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Hongfa Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Stefanov BA, Fussenegger M. Biomarker-driven feedback control of synthetic biology systems for next-generation personalized medicine. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:986210. [PMID: 36225597 PMCID: PMC9548536 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.986210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many current clinical therapies for chronic diseases involve administration of drugs using dosage and bioavailability parameters estimated for a generalized population. This standard approach carries the risk of under dosing, which may result in ineffective treatment, or overdosing, which may cause undesirable side effects. Consequently, maintaining a drug concentration in the therapeutic window often requires frequent monitoring, adversely affecting the patient’s quality of life. In contrast, endogenous biosystems have evolved finely tuned feedback control loops that govern the physiological functions of the body based on multiple input parameters. To provide personalized treatment for chronic diseases, therefore, we require synthetic systems that can similarly generate a calibrated therapeutic response. Such engineered autonomous closed-loop devices should incorporate a sensor that actively tracks and evaluates the disease severity based on one or more biomarkers, as well as components that utilize these molecular inputs to bio compute and deliver the appropriate level of therapeutic output. Here, we review recent advances in applications of the closed-loop design principle in biomedical implants for treating severe and chronic diseases, highlighting translational studies of cellular therapies. We describe the engineering principles and components of closed-loop therapeutic devices, and discuss their potential to become a key pillar of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- ETH Zürich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Life Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Martin Fussenegger,
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zha J, Li J, Su Z, Akimbekov N, Wu X. Lysostaphin: Engineering and Potentiation toward Better Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11441-11457. [PMID: 36082619 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c03459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lysostaphin is a potent bacteriolytic enzyme with endopeptidase activity against the common pathogen Staphylococcus aureus. By digesting the pentaglycine crossbridge in the cell wall peptidoglycan of S. aureus including the methicillin-resistant strains, lysostaphin initiates rapid lysis of planktonic and sessile cells (biofilms) and has great potential for use in agriculture, food industries, and pharmaceutical industries. In the past few decades, there have been tremendous efforts in potentiating lysostaphin for better applications in these fields, including engineering of the enzyme for higher potency and lower immunogenicity with longer-lasting effects, formulation and immobilization of the enzyme for higher stability and better durability, and recombinant expression for low-cost industrial production and in situ biocontrol. These achievements are extensively reviewed in this article focusing on applications in disease control, food preservation, surface decontamination, and pathogen detection. In addition, some basic properties of lysostaphin that have been controversial and only elucidated recently are summarized, including the substrate-binding properties, the number of zinc-binding sites, the substrate range, and the cleavage site in the pentaglycine crossbridge. Resistance to lysostaphin is also highlighted with a focus on various mechanisms. This article is concluded with a discussion on the limitations and future perspectives for the actual applications of lysostaphin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zha
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Zheng Su
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Nuraly Akimbekov
- Department of Biotechnology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
| | - Xia Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mansouri M, Fussenegger M. Therapeutic cell engineering: designing programmable synthetic genetic circuits in mammalian cells. Protein Cell 2022; 13:476-489. [PMID: 34586617 PMCID: PMC9226217 DOI: 10.1007/s13238-021-00876-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy approaches that employ engineered mammalian cells for on-demand production of therapeutic agents in the patient's body are moving beyond proof-of-concept in translational medicine. The therapeutic cells can be customized to sense user-defined signals, process them, and respond in a programmable and predictable way. In this paper, we introduce the available tools and strategies employed to design therapeutic cells. Then, various approaches to control cell behaviors, including open-loop and closed-loop systems, are discussed. We also highlight therapeutic applications of engineered cells for early diagnosis and treatment of various diseases in the clinic and in experimental disease models. Finally, we consider emerging technologies such as digital devices and their potential for incorporation into future cell-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maysam Mansouri
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhao H, Xue S, Hussherr MD, Teixeira AP, Fussenegger M. Autonomous push button-controlled rapid insulin release from a piezoelectrically activated subcutaneous cell implant. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm4389. [PMID: 35704573 PMCID: PMC9200281 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm4389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Traceless physical cues are desirable for remote control of the in situ production and real-time dosing of biopharmaceuticals in cell-based therapies. However, current optogenetic, magnetogenetic, or electrogenetic devices require sophisticated electronics, complex artificial intelligence-assisted software, and external energy supplies for power and control. Here, we describe a self-sufficient subcutaneous push button-controlled cellular implant powered simply by repeated gentle finger pressure exerted on the overlying skin. Pushing the button causes transient percutaneous deformation of the implant's embedded piezoelectric membrane, which produces sufficient low-voltage energy inside a semi-permeable platinum-coated cell chamber to mediate rapid release of a biopharmaceutical from engineered electro-sensitive human cells. Release is fine-tuned by varying the frequency and duration of finger-pressing stimulation. As proof of concept, we show that finger-pressure activation of the subcutaneous implant can restore normoglycemia in a mouse model of type 1 diabetes. Self-sufficient push-button devices may provide a new level of convenience for patients to control their cell-based therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijie Zhao
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Shuai Xue
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Didiée Hussherr
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ana Palma Teixeira
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mahameed M, Fussenegger M. Engineering autonomous closed-loop designer cells for disease therapy. iScience 2022; 25:103834. [PMID: 35243222 PMCID: PMC8857602 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Mahameed
- ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Faculty of Life Science, 4001 Basel, Switzerland
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kalelkar PP, Riddick M, García AJ. Biomaterial-based delivery of antimicrobial therapies for the treatment of bacterial infections. NATURE REVIEWS. MATERIALS 2022; 7:39-54. [PMID: 35330939 PMCID: PMC8938918 DOI: 10.1038/s41578-021-00362-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including strains that are resistant to last-resort antibiotics, and the limited ability of antibiotics to eradicate biofilms, have necessitated the development of alternative antibacterial therapeutics. Antibacterial biomaterials, such as polycationic polymers, and biomaterial-assisted delivery of non-antibiotic therapeutics, such as bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides and antimicrobial enzymes, have improved our ability to treat antibiotic-resistant and recurring infections. Biomaterials not only allow targeted delivery of multiple agents, but also sustained release at the infection site, thereby reducing potential systemic adverse effects. In this Review, we discuss biomaterial-based non-antibiotic antibacterial therapies for the treatment of community- and hospital-acquired infectious diseases, with a focus in in vivo results. We highlight the translational potential of different biomaterial-based strategies, and provide a perspective on the challenges associated with their clinical translation. Finally, we discuss the future scope of biomaterial-assisted antibacterial therapies. WEB SUMMARY The development of antibiotic tolerance and resistance has demanded the search for alternative antibacterial therapies. This Review discusses antibacterial biomaterials and biomaterial-assisted delivery of non-antibiotic therapeutics for the treatment of bacterial infectious diseases, with a focus on clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pranav P. Kalelkar
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Milan Riddick
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Andrés J. García
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- author to whom correspondence should be addressed:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
McNerney MP, Doiron KE, Ng TL, Chang TZ, Silver PA. Theranostic cells: emerging clinical applications of synthetic biology. Nat Rev Genet 2021; 22:730-746. [PMID: 34234299 PMCID: PMC8261392 DOI: 10.1038/s41576-021-00383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology seeks to redesign biological systems to perform novel functions in a predictable manner. Recent advances in bacterial and mammalian cell engineering include the development of cells that function in biological samples or within the body as minimally invasive diagnostics or theranostics for the real-time regulation of complex diseased states. Ex vivo and in vivo cell-based biosensors and therapeutics have been developed to target a wide range of diseases including cancer, microbiome dysbiosis and autoimmune and metabolic diseases. While probiotic therapies have advanced to clinical trials, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies have received regulatory approval, exemplifying the clinical potential of cellular therapies. This Review discusses preclinical and clinical applications of bacterial and mammalian sensing and drug delivery platforms as well as the underlying biological designs that could enable new classes of cell diagnostics and therapeutics. Additionally, we describe challenges that must be overcome for more rapid and safer clinical use of engineered systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica P McNerney
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kailyn E Doiron
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tai L Ng
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy Z Chang
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pamela A Silver
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lin X, He J, Li W, Qi Y, Hu H, Zhang D, Xu F, Chen X, Zhou M. Lung-Targeting Lysostaphin Microspheres for Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia Treatment and Prevention. ACS NANO 2021; 15:16625-16641. [PMID: 34582183 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c06460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multifunctional antimicrobial strategies are urgently needed to treat methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) caused pneumonia due to its increasing resistance, enhanced virulence, and high pathogenicity. Here, we report that lysostaphin, a bacteriolytic enzyme, encapsulated within poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres (LyIR@MS) specially treats planktonic MRSA bacteria, mature biofilms, and related pneumonia. Optimized LyIR@MS with suitable diameters could deliver a sufficient amount of lysostaphin to the lung without a decrease in survival rate after intravenous injection. Furthermore, the degradable properties of the carrier make it safe for targeted release of lysostaphin to eliminate MRSA, repressing the expression of virulence genes and improving the sensitivity of biofilms to host neutrophils. In the MRSA pneumonia mouse model, treatment or prophylaxis with LyIR@MS significantly improved survival rate and relieved inflammatory injury without introducing adverse events. These findings suggest the clinical translational potential of LyIR@MS for the treatment of MRSA-infected lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhui Lin
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Jian He
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Wanlin Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Yuchen Qi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Huiqun Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Dongxiao Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Departments of Diagnostic Radiology, Surgery, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
- Clinical Imaging Research Centre, Centre for Translational Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Center for Nanomedicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentations, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mansouri M, Xue S, Hussherr MD, Strittmatter T, Camenisch G, Fussenegger M. Smartphone-Flashlight-Mediated Remote Control of Rapid Insulin Secretion Restores Glucose Homeostasis in Experimental Type-1 Diabetes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2101939. [PMID: 34227232 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202101939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Emerging digital assessment of biomarkers by linking health-related data obtained from wearable electronic devices and embedded health and fitness sensors in smartphones is opening up the possibility of creating a continuous remote-monitoring platform for disease management. It is considered that the built-in flashlight of smartphones may be utilized to remotely program genetically engineered designer cells for on-demand delivery of protein-based therapeutics. Here, the authors present smartphone-induced insulin release in β-cell line (iβ-cell) technology for traceless light-triggered rapid insulin secretion, employing the light-activatable receptor melanopsin to induce calcium influx and membrane depolarization upon illumination. This iβ-cell-based system enables repeated, reversible secretion of insulin within 15 min in response to light stimulation, with a high induction fold both in vitro and in vivo. It is shown that programmable percutaneous remote control of implanted microencapsulated iβ-cells with a smartphone's flashlight rapidly reverses hyperglycemia in a mouse model of type-1 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maysam Mansouri
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Shuai Xue
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Didiée Hussherr
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Strittmatter
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Gieri Camenisch
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, Basel, CH-4058, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yang L, Yin J, Wu J, Qiao L, Zhao EM, Cai F, Ye H. Engineering genetic devices for in vivo control of therapeutic T cell activity triggered by the dietary molecule resveratrol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2106612118. [PMID: 34404729 PMCID: PMC8403971 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106612118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cell therapies have been recognized as powerful strategies in cancer immunotherapy; however, the clinical application of CAR-T is currently constrained by severe adverse effects in patients, caused by excessive cytotoxic activity and poor T cell control. Herein, we harnessed a dietary molecule resveratrol (RES)-responsive transactivator and a transrepressor to develop a repressible transgene expression (RESrep) device and an inducible transgene expression (RESind) device, respectively. After optimization, these tools enabled the control of CAR expression and CAR-mediated antitumor function in engineered human cells. We demonstrated that a resveratrol-repressible CAR expression (RESrep-CAR) device can effectively inhibit T cell activation upon resveratrol administration in primary T cells and a xenograft tumor mouse model. Additionally, we exhibit how a resveratrol-inducible CAR expression (RESind-CAR) device can achieve fine-tuned and reversible control over T cell activation via a resveratrol-titratable mechanism. Furthermore, our results revealed that the presence of RES can activate RESind-CAR T cells with strong anticancer cytotoxicity against cells in vitro and in vivo. Our study demonstrates the utility of RESrep and RESind devices as effective tools for transgene expression and illustrates the potential of RESrep-CAR and RESind-CAR devices to enhance patient safety in precision cancer immunotherapies.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Cell Proliferation
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/immunology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Humans
- Immunotherapy, Adoptive/methods
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute/therapy
- Lymphocyte Activation/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, SCID
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Receptors, Chimeric Antigen/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Yang
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jianli Yin
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jiali Wu
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Longliang Qiao
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Evan M Zhao
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Fengfeng Cai
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Haifeng Ye
- Synthetic Biology and Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mao C, Zhu W, Xiang Y, Zhu Y, Shen J, Liu X, Wu S, Cheung KMC, Yeung KWK. Enhanced Near-Infrared Photocatalytic Eradication of MRSA Biofilms and Osseointegration Using Oxide Perovskite-Based P-N Heterojunction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2002211. [PMID: 34145798 PMCID: PMC8336500 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm infections after orthopedic implant increase the risk of failure and potentially cause amputation of limbs or life-threatening sepsis in severe cases. Additionally, satisfactory bone-implant integration is another important indicator of an ideal implant. Here, an antibiotic-free antibacterial nanofilm based on oxide perovskite-type calcium titanate (CTO)/fibrous red phosphorus (RP) on titanium implant surface (Ti-CTO/RP) in which the P-N heterojunction and internal electric field are established at the heterointerface, is designed. Near-infrared light-excited electron-hole pairs are effectively separated and transferred through the synergism of the internal electric field and band offset, which strongly boosts the photocatalytic eradication of MRSA biofilms by reactive oxygen species with an efficacy of 99.42% ± 0.22% in vivo. Additionally, the charge transfer endows the heterostructure with hyperthermia to assist biofilm eradication. Furthermore, CTO/RP nanofilm provides a superior biocompatible and osteoconductive platform that enables the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, thus contributing to the subsequent implant-to-bone osseointegration after eradicating MRSA biofilms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Congyang Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong999077China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic TraumaDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518053China
| | - Weidong Zhu
- Biomedical Materials Engineering Research CenterCollaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co‐constructed by the Province and MinistryHubei Key Laboratory of Polymer MaterialsMinistry‐of‐Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan430062China
| | - Yiming Xiang
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong999077China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic TraumaDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518053China
| | - Yizhou Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong999077China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic TraumaDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518053China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong999077China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic TraumaDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518053China
| | - Xiangmei Liu
- Biomedical Materials Engineering Research CenterCollaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co‐constructed by the Province and MinistryHubei Key Laboratory of Polymer MaterialsMinistry‐of‐Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringHubei UniversityWuhan430062China
| | - Shuilin Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineeringthe Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of ChinaTianjin UniversityTianjin300072China
| | - Kenneth M. C. Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong999077China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic TraumaDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518053China
| | - Kelvin Wai Kwok Yeung
- Department of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongPokfulamHong Kong999077China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Innovative Technology in Orthopaedic TraumaDepartment of Orthopaedics and TraumatologyThe University of Hong Kong‐Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen518053China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sedlmayer F, Woischnig AK, Unterreiner V, Fuchs F, Baeschlin D, Khanna N, Fussenegger M. 5-Fluorouracil blocks quorum-sensing of biofilm-embedded methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in mice. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:e73. [PMID: 33856484 PMCID: PMC8287944 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkab251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant pathogens often escape antimicrobial treatment by forming protective biofilms in response to quorum-sensing communication via diffusible autoinducers. Biofilm formation by the nosocomial pathogen methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is triggered by the quorum-sensor autoinducer-2 (AI-2), whose biosynthesis is mediated by methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase (MTAN) and S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase (LuxS). Here, we present a high-throughput screening platform for small-molecular inhibitors of either enzyme. This platform employs a cell-based assay to report non-toxic, bioavailable and cell-penetrating inhibitors of AI-2 production, utilizing engineered human cells programmed to constitutively secrete AI-2 by tapping into the endogenous methylation cycle via ectopic expression of codon-optimized MTAN and LuxS. Screening of a library of over 5000 commercial compounds yielded 66 hits, including the FDA-licensed cytostatic anti-cancer drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Secondary screening and validation studies showed that 5-FU is a potent quorum-quencher, inhibiting AI-2 production and release by MRSA, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Vibrio harveyi. 5-FU efficiently reduced adherence and blocked biofilm formation of MRSA in vitro at an order-of-magnitude-lower concentration than that clinically relevant for anti-cancer therapy. Furthermore, 5-FU reestablished antibiotic susceptibility and enabled daptomycin-mediated prevention and clearance of MRSA infection in a mouse model of human implant-associated infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Sedlmayer
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Kathrin Woischnig
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Unterreiner
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Chemical Biology and Therapeutics (CBT), CH-4033, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian Fuchs
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Chemical Biology and Therapeutics (CBT), CH-4033, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Baeschlin
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (NIBR), Chemical Biology and Therapeutics (CBT), CH-4033, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina Khanna
- Laboratory of Infection Biology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Hebelstrasse 20, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital of Basel, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Smart-watch-programmed green-light-operated percutaneous control of therapeutic transgenes. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3388. [PMID: 34099676 PMCID: PMC8184832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23572-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Wearable smart electronic devices, such as smart watches, are generally equipped with green-light-emitting diodes, which are used for photoplethysmography to monitor a panoply of physical health parameters. Here, we present a traceless, green-light-operated, smart-watch-controlled mammalian gene switch (Glow Control), composed of an engineered membrane-tethered green-light-sensitive cobalamin-binding domain of Thermus thermophilus (TtCBD) CarH protein in combination with a synthetic cytosolic TtCBD-transactivator fusion protein, which manage translocation of TtCBD-transactivator into the nucleus to trigger expression of transgenes upon illumination. We show that Apple-Watch-programmed percutaneous remote control of implanted Glow-controlled engineered human cells can effectively treat experimental type-2 diabetes by producing and releasing human glucagon-like peptide-1 on demand. Directly interfacing wearable smart electronic devices with therapeutic gene expression will advance next-generation personalized therapies by linking biopharmaceutical interventions to the internet of things.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang W, Cheng C, Sha Z, Chen C, Yu C, Lv N, Ji P, Wu X, Ma T, Cheng H, Shi L. Rosmarinic acid prevents refractory bacterial pneumonia through regulating Keap1/Nrf2-mediated autophagic pathway and mitochondrial oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 168:247-257. [PMID: 33812997 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the leading cause of bacterial pneumonia, featured with exuberant inflammatory cytokine production, extensive oxidative stress and tissue injury. The Keap1/Nrf2 system is the major apparatus essential for host defense against oxidative and electrophilic stresses of both exogenous and endogenous origins, representing a logical target for host-directed strategy to treat severe inflammatory diseases including MRSA-induced pneumonia. In an effort to search therapeutics for bacterial pneumonia, we identify rosmarinic acid (RA) as a covalent modifier of Keap1 and hence an activator of Nrf2. Specifically, RA forms a covalent bond with the cysteine 151 of Keap1 in BTB domain, and blocks its association with Nrf2 for proteasome-mediated degradation. Consequently, RA treatment caused the increased Nrf2 nuclear translocation to initiate antioxidant and mitochondrial biogenic programs, as well as macrophage bactericidal activity through inducing autophagic pathway, which eventually led to expedited bacterial eradication, inflammation resolution, and disease recovery. Collectively, our findings establish RA as a specific inducer of Nrf2 and show its potential to prevent MRSA pneumonia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210029, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhou Sha
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China
| | - Changmai Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 100191, Beijing, China
| | - Chengtao Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China
| | - Nianyin Lv
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China
| | - Peng Ji
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China
| | - Tonghui Ma
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China
| | - Haibo Cheng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210029, Nanjing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China.
| | - Liyun Shi
- School of Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 210046, Nanjing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province of Cancer Prevention and Treatment of Chinese Medicine, 210023, Nanjing, China; International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, 310022, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Deusenbery C, Wang Y, Shukla A. Recent Innovations in Bacterial Infection Detection and Treatment. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:695-720. [PMID: 33733747 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections are a major threat to human health, exacerbated by increasing antibiotic resistance. These infections can result in tremendous morbidity and mortality, emphasizing the need to identify and treat pathogenic bacteria quickly and effectively. Recent developments in detection methods have focused on electrochemical, optical, and mass-based biosensors. Advances in these systems include implementing multifunctional materials, microfluidic sampling, and portable data-processing to improve sensitivity, specificity, and ease of operation. Concurrently, advances in antibacterial treatment have largely focused on targeted and responsive delivery for both antibiotics and antibiotic alternatives. Antibiotic alternatives described here include repurposed drugs, antimicrobial peptides and polymers, nucleic acids, small molecules, living systems, and bacteriophages. Finally, closed-loop therapies are combining advances in the fields of both detection and treatment. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the current trends in detection and treatment systems for bacterial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carly Deusenbery
- School of Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Yingying Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Anita Shukla
- School of Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, Institute for Molecular and Nanoscale Innovation, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yang C, Luo Y, Lin H, Ge M, Shi J, Zhang X. Niobium Carbide MXene Augmented Medical Implant Elicits Bacterial Infection Elimination and Tissue Regeneration. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1086-1099. [PMID: 33372766 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c08045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Incurable bacterial infections, impenetrable microbial biofilm, and irreversible antibiotic resistance are among the most dangerous threats for humans. With few effective strategies available in antimicrobial and antibiofilm development, innovative methodologies inspired by the advances in other fields such as nanomedicine are becoming more and more attractive to realize innovative antibacterial agents. Herein, a 2D niobium carbide (Nb2C) MXene titanium plate (Nb2C@TP)-based clinical implant with practical multimodal anti-infection functions was developed. Such emerging modes are capable of destroying biofilms for direct bacteria elimination through down-regulating bacterial energy metabolism pathways, suppressing biofilm formation, and enhancing as-formed biofilm detachment via an activating accessory gene regulator. Another intriguing feature of this nanomedicine is the sensitization ability toward bacteria via photothermal transduction, which reduces the temperature necessary for bacteria eradication and mitigates possible normal tissue damage. Moreover, the Nb2C@TP medical implant is able to alleviate proinflammatory responses by scavenging excessive reactive oxygen species in infectious microenvironments, benefiting angiogenesis and tissue remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yao Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Han Lin
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
| | - Min Ge
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yang C, Luo Y, Lin H, Ge M, Shi J, Zhang X. Niobium Carbide MXene Augmented Medical Implant Elicits Bacterial Infection Elimination and Tissue Regeneration. ACS NANO 2021; 15:1086-1099. [DOI: doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c08045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chuang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Yao Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Han Lin
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
| | - Min Ge
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
| | - Jianlin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructures, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, P.R. China
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Verbič A, Praznik A, Jerala R. A guide to the design of synthetic gene networks in mammalian cells. FEBS J 2020; 288:5265-5288. [PMID: 33289352 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic biology aims to harness natural and synthetic biological parts and engineering them in new combinations and systems, producing novel therapies, diagnostics, bioproduction systems, and providing information on the mechanism of function of biological systems. Engineering cell function requires the rewiring or de novo construction of cell information processing networks. Using natural and synthetic signal processing elements, researchers have demonstrated a wide array of signal sensing, processing and propagation modules, using transcription, translation, or post-translational modification to program new function. The toolbox for synthetic network design is ever-advancing and has still ample room to grow. Here, we review the diversity of synthetic gene networks, types of building modules, techniques of regulation, and their applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anže Verbič
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Arne Praznik
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Roman Jerala
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Xie M, Viviani M, Fussenegger M. Engineering precision therapies: lessons and motivations from the clinic. Synth Biol (Oxf) 2020; 6:ysaa024. [PMID: 33817342 PMCID: PMC7998714 DOI: 10.1093/synbio/ysaa024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, gene- and cell-based therapies have been at the forefront of the biomedical revolution. Synthetic biology, the engineering discipline of building sophisticated ‘genetic software’ to enable precise regulation of gene activities in living cells, has been a decisive success factor of these new therapies. Here, we discuss the core technologies and treatment strategies that have already gained approval for therapeutic applications in humans. We also review promising preclinical work that could either enhance the efficacy of existing treatment strategies or pave the way for new precision medicines to treat currently intractable human conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingqi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zheijang, China.,Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zheijang, China
| | - Mirta Viviani
- Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zheijang, China.,Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310024, Zheijang, China
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gödecke N, Riedel J, Herrmann S, Behme S, Rand U, Kubsch T, Cicin-Sain L, Hauser H, Köster M, Wirth D. Synthetic rewiring and boosting type I interferon responses for visualization and counteracting viral infections. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:11799-11811. [PMID: 33137201 PMCID: PMC7672444 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian first line of defense against viruses is accomplished by the interferon (IFN) system. Viruses have evolved numerous mechanisms to reduce the IFN action allowing them to invade the host and/or to establish latency. We generated an IFN responsive intracellular hub by integrating the synthetic transactivator tTA into the chromosomal Mx2 locus for IFN-based activation of tTA dependent expression modules. The additional implementation of a synthetic amplifier module with positive feedback even allowed for monitoring and reacting to infections of viruses that can antagonize the IFN system. Low and transient IFN amounts are sufficient to trigger these amplifier cells. This gives rise to higher and sustained—but optionally de-activatable—expression even when the initial stimulus has faded out. Amplification of the IFN response induced by IFN suppressing viruses is sufficient to protect cells from infection. Together, this interfaced sensor/actuator system provides a toolbox for robust sensing and counteracting viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natascha Gödecke
- RG Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Jan Riedel
- RG Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Sabrina Herrmann
- RG Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Sara Behme
- RG Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Ulfert Rand
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Tobias Kubsch
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Luka Cicin-Sain
- Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Braunschweig 38124, Germany.,Centre for Individualised Infection Medicine (CiiM), a joint venture of Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research and Hannover Medical School, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Hauser
- Staff Unit Scientific Strategy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Mario Köster
- RG Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wirth
- RG Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Hematology, Medical University Hannover, Hannover 30625, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Bhattacharya S, Kim D, Gopal S, Tice A, Lang K, Dordick JS, Plawsky JL, Linhardt RJ. Antimicrobial effects of positively charged, conductive electrospun polymer fibers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 116:111247. [PMID: 32806282 PMCID: PMC7438602 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, electrospun polymer fibers have gained attention for various antibacterial applications. In this work, the effect of positively charged polymer fiber mats as antibacterial gauze is studied using electrospun poly(caprolactone) and polyaniline nanofibers. Chloroxylenol, an established anti-microbial agent is used for the first time as a secondary dopant to polyaniline during the electrospinning process to make the surface of the polyaniline fiber positively charged. Both Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli are used to investigate the antibacterial activity of the positively charged and uncharged polymer surfaces. The results surprisingly show that the polyaniline surface can inhibit the growth of both bacteria even when chloroxylenol is used below its minimum inhibitory concentration. This study provides new insights allowing the better understanding of dopant-based, intrinsically conducting polymer surfaces for use as antibacterial fiber mats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Somdatta Bhattacharya
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Domyoung Kim
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Sneha Gopal
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Aaron Tice
- Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
| | - Kening Lang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA
| | - Jonathan S Dordick
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Joel L Plawsky
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA.
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180-3590, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kojima R, Aubel D, Fussenegger M. Building sophisticated sensors of extracellular cues that enable mammalian cells to work as "doctors" in the body. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:3567-3581. [PMID: 32185403 PMCID: PMC7452942 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03486-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian cells are inherently capable of sensing extracellular environmental signals and activating complex biological functions on demand. Advances in synthetic biology have made it possible to install additional capabilities, which can allow cells to sense the presence of custom biological molecules and provide defined outputs on demand. When implanted/infused in patients, such engineered cells can work as intrabody "doctors" that diagnose disease states and produce and deliver therapeutic molecules when and where necessary. The key to construction of such theranostic cells is the development of a range of sensor systems for detecting various extracellular environmental cues that can be rewired to custom outputs. In this review, we introduce the state-of-art engineering principles utilized in the design of sensor systems to detect soluble factors and also to detect specific cell contact, and we discuss their potential role in treating intractable diseases by delivering appropriate therapeutic functions on demand. We also discuss the challenges facing these emerging technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Kojima
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Dominque Aubel
- IUTA Département Génie Biologique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
- Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Selective Eradication of Staphylococcus aureus by the Designer Genetically Programmed Yeast Biocontrol Agent. Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:antibiotics9090527. [PMID: 32824911 PMCID: PMC7559405 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9090527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a common human pathogen that is particularly often associated with antibiotic resistance. The eradication of this ubiquitous infectious agent from its ecological niches and contaminated surfaces is especially complicated by excessive biofilm formation and persisting cells, which evade the antibacterial activity of conventional antibiotics. Here, we present an alternative view of the problem of specific S. aureus eradication. The constitutive heterologous production of highly specific bacteriolytic protease lysostaphin in yeast Pichia pastoris provides an efficient biocontrol agent, specifically killing S. aureus in coculture. A yeast-based anti-S. aureus probiotic was efficient in a high range of temperatures and target-to-effector ratios, indicating its robustness and versatility in eliminating S. aureus cells. The efficient eradication of S. aureus by live lysostaphin-producing P. pastoris was achieved at high scales, providing a simple, biocompatible and cost-effective strategy for S. aureus lysis in bioproduction and surface decontamination. Future biomedical applications based on designer yeast biocontrol agents require evaluation in in vivo models. However, we believe that this strategy is very promising since it provides highly safe, efficient and selective genetically programmed probiotics and targeted biocontrol agents.
Collapse
|
36
|
Bojar D, Fussenegger M. The Role of Protein Engineering in Biomedical Applications of Mammalian Synthetic Biology. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1903093. [PMID: 31588687 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201903093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Engineered proteins with enhanced or altered functionality, generated for example by mutation or domain fusion, are at the core of nearly all synthetic biology endeavors in the context of precision medicine, also known as personalized medicine. From designer receptors sensing elevated blood markers to effectors rerouting signaling pathways to synthetic transcription factors and the customized therapeutics they regulate, engineered proteins play a crucial role at every step of novel therapeutic approaches using synthetic biology. Here, recent developments in protein engineering aided by advances in directed evolution, de novo design, and machine learning are discussed. Building on clinical successes already achieved with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR-) T cells and other cell-based therapies, these developments are expected to further enhance the capabilities of mammalian synthetic biology in biomedical and other applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bojar
- ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- ETH Zurich, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Liu X, Mao Y, Kang Y, He L, Zhu B, Zhang W, Lu Y, Wu Q, Xu D, Shi L. MicroRNA-127 Promotes Anti-microbial Host Defense through Restricting A20-Mediated De-ubiquitination of STAT3. iScience 2020; 23:100763. [PMID: 31958753 PMCID: PMC6992901 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.100763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing rising of multiple drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has become a major public health concern, underscoring a pressing need for developing therapies essentially based on the understanding of host defensive mechanism. In the present study, we showed that microRNA (miR)-127 played a key role in controlling bacterial infection and conferred a profound protection against staphylococcal pneumonia. The protective effect of miR-127 was largely dependent on its regulation of macrophage bactericidal activity and the generation of IL-22, IL-17, and anti-microbial peptides (AMPs), the pathway primarily driven by STAT3. Importantly, we revealed that the ubiquitin-editing enzyme A20, a genuine target of miR-127, specifically interacted with and repressed K63-ubiquitination of STAT3, thereby compromising its phosphorylation upon bacterial infection. Thus, our data not only identify miR-127 as a non-coding molecule with anti-bacterial activity but also delineate an unappreciated mechanism whereby A20 regulates STAT3-driven anti-microbial signaling via modulating its ubiquitination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Liu
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Mao
- Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Kang
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long He
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Centers of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dakang Xu
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Liyun Shi
- Department of Immunology and Medical Microbiology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Immunoregulation, Hangzhou Normal University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
The engineering of living cells and microbes is ushering in a new era of cancer therapy. Due to recent microbiome studies indicating the prevalence of bacteria within the human body and specifically in tumor tissue, bacteria have generated significant interest as potential targets for cancer therapy. Notably, a multitude of empirical studies over the past decades have demonstrated that administered bacteria home and grow in tumors due to reduced immune surveillance of tumor necrotic cores. Given their specificity for tumors, bacteria present a unique opportunity to be engineered as intelligent delivery vehicles for cancer therapy with synthetic biology techniques. In this review, we discuss the history, current state, and future challenges associated with using bacteria as a cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
39
|
Gonzalez-Delgado LS, Walters-Morgan H, Salamaga B, Robertson AJ, Hounslow AM, Jagielska E, Sabała I, Williamson MP, Lovering AL, Mesnage S. Two-site recognition of Staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan by lysostaphin SH3b. Nat Chem Biol 2019; 16:24-30. [PMID: 31686030 PMCID: PMC6920042 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-019-0393-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Lysostaphin is a bacteriolytic enzyme targeting peptidoglycan, the essential component of the bacterial cell envelope. It displays a very potent and specific activity toward staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Lysostaphin causes rapid cell lysis and disrupts biofilms, and is therefore a therapeutic agent of choice to eradicate staphylococcal infections. The C-terminal SH3b domain of lysostaphin recognizes peptidoglycans containing a pentaglycine crossbridge and has been proposed to drive the preferential digestion of staphylococcal cell walls. Here we elucidate the molecular mechanism underpinning recognition of staphylococcal peptidoglycan by the lysostaphin SH3b domain. We show that the pentaglycine crossbridge and the peptide stem are recognized by two independent binding sites located on opposite sides of the SH3b domain, thereby inducing a clustering of SH3b domains. We propose that this unusual binding mechanism allows synergistic and structurally dynamic recognition of S. aureus peptidoglycan and underpins the potent bacteriolytic activity of this enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luz S Gonzalez-Delgado
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Krebs Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Hannah Walters-Morgan
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Bartłomiej Salamaga
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Krebs Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Angus J Robertson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Krebs Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Andrea M Hounslow
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Krebs Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Izabela Sabała
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mike P Williamson
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. .,Krebs Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Andrew L Lovering
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, and School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Stéphane Mesnage
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. .,Krebs Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li J, Liu X, Zhou Z, Tan L, Wang X, Zheng Y, Han Y, Chen DF, Yeung KWK, Cui Z, Yang X, Liang Y, Li Z, Zhu S, Wu S. Lysozyme-Assisted Photothermal Eradication of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infection and Accelerated Tissue Repair with Natural Melanosome Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2019; 13:11153-11167. [PMID: 31425647 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Patients often face the challenge of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections and lengthy tissue reconstruction after surgery. Herein, human hair-melanosome derivatives (HHMs), comprising keratins and melanins, are developed using a simple "low-temperature alkali heat" method for potentially personalized therapy. The mulberry-shaped HHMs have an average width of ∼270 nm and an average length of ∼700 nm, and the negatively charged HHMs can absorb positively charged Lysozyme (Lyso) to form the HHMs-Lyso composites through electrostatic interaction. These naturally derived biodegradable nanostructures act as exogenous killers to eliminate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection with a high antibacterial efficacy (97.19 ± 2.39%) by synergistic action of photothermy and "Lyso-assisted anti-infection" in vivo. Additionally, HHMs also serve as endogenous regulators of collagen alpha chain proteins through the "protein digestion and absorption" signaling pathway to promote tissue reconstruction, which was confirmed by quantitative proteomic analysis in vivo. Notably, the 13 upregulated collagen alpha chain proteins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) after HHMs treatment demonstrated that keratin from HHMs in collagen-dependent regulatory processes serves as a notable contributor to augmented wound closure. The current paradigm of natural material-tissue interaction regulates the cell-ECM interaction by targeting cell signaling pathways to accelerate tissue repair. This work may provide insight into the protein-level pathways and the potential mechanisms involved in tissue repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Xiangmei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | - Ziao Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | - Lei Tan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | - Xianbao Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | - Yufeng Zheng
- College of Engineering, State Key Laboratory for Turbulence and Complex System, Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Yong Han
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an , Shaanxi 710049 , China
| | - Da-Fu Chen
- Beijing Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Laboratory of Bone Tissue Engineering , Beijing Jishuitan Hospital , Beijing 100035 , People's Republic of China
| | - Kelvin Wai Kwok Yeung
- Department of Orthopaedics & Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam , Hong Kong 999077 , China
| | - Zhenduo Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Xianjin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Yanqin Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Zhaoyang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Shengli Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
| | - Shuilin Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology by the Ministry of Education of China, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300072 , China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zinc-doped Prussian blue enhances photothermal clearance of Staphylococcus aureus and promotes tissue repair in infected wounds. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4490. [PMID: 31582736 PMCID: PMC6776522 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of photothermal therapy to treat bacterial infections remains a challenge, as the high temperatures required for bacterial elimination can damage healthy tissues. Here, we develop an exogenous antibacterial agent consisting of zinc-doped Prussian blue (ZnPB) that kills methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in a rat model of cutaneous wound infection. Local heat triggered by the photothermal effect accelerates the release and penetration of ions into the bacteria, resulting in alteration of intracellular metabolic pathways and bacterial killing without systemic toxicity. ZnPB treatment leads to the upregulation of genes involved in tissue remodeling, promotes collagen deposition and enhances wound repair. The efficient photothermal conversion of ZnPB allows the use of relatively few doses and low laser flux, making the platform a potential alternative to current antibiotic therapies against bacterial wound infections. Here, the authors apply transition metal doping in combination with phototermal therapy to treat Staphylococcus aureus-infected wounds, and show that release of ions by local heat enhances bacteria clearance and promotes tissue repair in a rat model of MRSA-infected wounds
Collapse
|
42
|
Genetic circuitry for personalized human cell therapy. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 59:31-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
43
|
Qu J, Huang Y, Lv X. Crisis of Antimicrobial Resistance in China: Now and the Future. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2240. [PMID: 31611863 PMCID: PMC6777638 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The crisis of antimicrobial resistance is worsening and has become a major public safety problem in China, seriously endangering human and animal health and ecological environment. Gram-negative bacterial resistance in China is severe: the related pathogens mainly include carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Surging antimicrobial consumption and irrational use of antimicrobials are the main causes of resistance. In China, a variety of strategies are implemented to control the antimicrobial resistance in hospitals, agriculture and environment. However, there is still a long way to go to strengthen the drug resistance surveillance, to reduce the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria, and to find new antimicrobials and therapies for drug-resistant bacteria. Controlling the antimicrobial resistance crisis takes great efforts from the whole society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Qu
- Center of Infectious Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yimei Huang
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Xiaoju Lv
- Center of Infectious Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Oakes RS, Froimchuk E, Jewell CM. Engineering Biomaterials to Direct Innate Immunity. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2019; 2:1800157. [PMID: 31236439 PMCID: PMC6590522 DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201800157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Small alterations during early stages of innate immune response can drive large changes in how adaptive immune cells develop and function during protective immunity or disease. Controlling these events creates exciting potential in development of immune engineered vaccines and therapeutics. This progress report discusses recent biomaterial technologies exploiting innate immunity to dissect immune function and to design new vaccines and immunotherapies for infectious diseases, cancer, and autoimmunity. Across these examples, an important idea is the possibility to co-opt innate immune mechanisms to enhance immunity during infection and cancer. During inflammatory or autoimmune disease, some of these same innate immune mechanisms can be manipulated in different ways to control excess inflammation by promotion of immunological tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. S. Oakes
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - E. Froimchuk
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
| | - C. M. Jewell
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA
- United States Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Maryland Health Care System, 10. N Green Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland Medical School, 685 West Baltimore Street, HSF-I Suite 380, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, 22 South Greene Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Cella F, Siciliano V. Protein-based parts and devices that respond to intracellular and extracellular signals in mammalian cells. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2019; 52:47-53. [PMID: 31158655 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic biology aims to rewire cellular activities and functionality by implementing genetic circuits with high biocomputing capabilities. Recent efforts led to the development of smart sensing interfaces which integrate multiple inputs to activate desired outputs in a highly specific and sensitive manner. In this review, we highlight protein-based interfaces that sense intracellular or extracellular cues providing information about dynamic environmental changes and cellular state. We will also discuss different mechanisms of regulation of gene expression connected to the sensors to develop diagnostic and therapeutic devices. We conclude discussing challenges and opportunities for biomedical applications of synthetic mammalian protein-based devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cella
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, Naples, Italy; University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Velia Siciliano
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Harimoto T, Singer ZS, Velazquez OS, Zhang J, Castro S, Hinchliffe TE, Mather W, Danino T. Rapid screening of engineered microbial therapies in a 3D multicellular model. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:9002-9007. [PMID: 30996123 PMCID: PMC6500119 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1820824116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic biology is transforming therapeutic paradigms by engineering living cells and microbes to intelligently sense and respond to diseases including inflammation, infections, metabolic disorders, and cancer. However, the ability to rapidly engineer new therapies far outpaces the throughput of animal-based testing regimes, creating a major bottleneck for clinical translation. In vitro approaches to address this challenge have been limited in scalability and broad applicability. Here, we present a bacteria-in-spheroid coculture (BSCC) platform that simultaneously tests host species, therapeutic payloads, and synthetic gene circuits of engineered bacteria within multicellular spheroids over a timescale of weeks. Long-term monitoring of bacterial dynamics and disease progression enables quantitative comparison of critical therapeutic parameters such as efficacy and biocontainment. Specifically, we screen Salmonella typhimurium strains expressing and delivering a library of antitumor therapeutic molecules via several synthetic gene circuits. We identify candidates exhibiting significant tumor reduction and demonstrate high similarity in their efficacies, using a syngeneic mouse model. Last, we show that our platform can be expanded to dynamically profile diverse microbial species including Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus mirabilis, and Escherichia coli in various host cell types. This high-throughput framework may serve to accelerate synthetic biology for clinical applications and for understanding the host-microbe interactions in disease sites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuhiro Harimoto
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - Zakary S Singer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - Oscar S Velazquez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - Joanna Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - Samuel Castro
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - Taylor E Hinchliffe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| | - William Mather
- BioCircuits Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Tal Danino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027;
- Data Science Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Scheller L, Fussenegger M. From synthetic biology to human therapy: engineered mammalian cells. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2019; 58:108-116. [PMID: 30933864 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2019.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian synthetic biology has evolved to become a key driver of biomedical innovation in the area of cell therapy. Advances in receptor engineering, immunotherapy and cell implants promise new treatment options for complex diseases. Synthetic receptors have already found applications in cellular immunotherapy for cancer treatment, and are being introduced into the field of cell implants. Here, we discuss prospects for the next generation of engineered mammalian cells for human therapy, highlighting selected recent studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leo Scheller
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Faculty of Science, Mattenstrasse 26, CH-4058, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kojima R, Fussenegger M. Synthetic Biology: Engineering Mammalian Cells To Control Cell-to-Cell Communication at Will. Chembiochem 2019; 20:994-1002. [PMID: 30589185 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell-to-cell communication plays a key role in the regulation of many natural biological processes. Recent advances in mammalian synthetic biology are making it possible to rationally engineer cell-to-cell communication for therapeutic and other purposes. Here, we review state-of-the-art engineering principles to control cell-to-cell communication, focusing on communication between mammalian cells with diffusible factors (e.g., small molecules or exosomes) or direct cell contact, and on interkingdom communication between mammalian cells and bacteria. Potential applications include construction of artificial tissues able to perform complex computations, sophisticated cell-based cancer therapies, use of mammalian cells as a new class of cargo delivery modality, development of design principles to control pattern formation of cell populations, and treatment of infectious diseases. We also discuss the challenges facing practical applications, and possible enabling technologies to overcome them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Kojima
- Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan
| | - Martin Fussenegger
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering (D-BSSE), ETH Zurich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.,Faculty of Science, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Caliendo F, Dukhinova M, Siciliano V. Engineered Cell-Based Therapeutics: Synthetic Biology Meets Immunology. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:43. [PMID: 30937303 PMCID: PMC6431652 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic Biology has enabled new approaches to several medical applications including the development of immunotherapies based on bioengineered cells, and most notably the engineering of T-cells with tumor-targeting receptors, the Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR)-T cells. CAR-T-cells have successfully treated blood tumors such as large B-cell lymphoma and promise a new scenario of therapeutic interventions also for solid tumors. Learning the lesson from CAR-T cells, we can foster the reprogramming of T lymphocytes with enhanced survival and functional activity in depressing tumor microenvironment, or to challenge diseases such as infections, autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders. This review will focus on the most updated bioengineering approaches to increase control, and safety of T-cell activity and to immunomodulate the extracellular microenvironment to augment immune responses. We will also discuss on applications beyond cancer treatment with implications toward the understanding and cure of a broader range of diseases by means of mammalian cells engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Caliendo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia-IIT, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, Naples, Italy
| | - Marina Dukhinova
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia-IIT, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, Naples, Italy
| | - Velia Siciliano
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia-IIT, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci, Naples, Italy
- Imperial College London, South Kensington, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Gautam S, Sharma L, Dela Cruz CS, Spiegel DA. A Slick Solution to a Sticky Problem. Biochemistry 2018; 57:5923-5924. [PMID: 30289246 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Gautam
- Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care , Yale University School of Medicine , 333 Cedar Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Yale University , 225 Prospect Street , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care , Yale University School of Medicine , 333 Cedar Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| | - Charles S Dela Cruz
- Internal Medicine, Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care , Yale University School of Medicine , 333 Cedar Street , New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| | - David Adam Spiegel
- Department of Chemistry , Yale University , 225 Prospect Street , P.O. Box 208107, New Haven , Connecticut 06520 , United States
| |
Collapse
|