1
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Rankouhi TR, Keulen DV, Tempel D, Venhorst J. Oncostatin M: Risks and Benefits of a Novel Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1345-1369. [PMID: 35959619 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220811101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. It is predicted that approximately 23.6 million people will die from CVDs annually by 2030. Therefore, there is a great need for an effective therapeutic approach to combat this disease. The European Cardiovascular Target Discovery (CarTarDis) consortium identified Oncostatin M (OSM) as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. The benefits of modulating OSM - an interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokine - have since been studied for multiple indications. However, as decades of high attrition rates have stressed, the success of a drug target is determined by the fine balance between benefits and the risk of adverse events. Safety issues should therefore not be overlooked. OBJECTIVE In this review, a risk/benefit analysis is performed on OSM inhibition in the context of atherosclerosis treatment. First, OSM signaling characteristics and its role in atherosclerosis are described. Next, an overview of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical findings relating to both the benefits and risks of modulating OSM in major organ systems is provided. Based on OSM's biological function and expression profile as well as drug intervention studies, safety concerns of inhibiting this target have been identified, assessed, and ranked for the target population. CONCLUSION While OSM may be of therapeutic value in atherosclerosis, drug development should also focus on de-risking the herein identified major safety concerns: tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, bleeding, anemia, and NMDA- and glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Close monitoring and/or exclusion of patients with various comorbidities may be required for optimal therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Rouhani Rankouhi
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle van Keulen
- SkylineDx BV, Science and Clinical Development, 3062 ME Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennie Tempel
- SkylineDx BV, Science and Clinical Development, 3062 ME Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Venhorst
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, The Netherlands
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Jakob L, Müller TA, Rassner M, Kleinfelder H, Veratti P, Mitschke J, Miething C, Oostendorp RAJ, Pfeifer D, Waterhouse M, Duyster J. Murine Oncostatin M Has Opposing Effects on the Proliferation of OP9 Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and NIH/3T3 Fibroblasts Signaling through the OSMR. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11649. [PMID: 34769079 PMCID: PMC8584221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-6 family cytokine Oncostatin M (OSM) is involved in cell development, growth, hematopoiesis, inflammation, and cancer. Intriguingly, OSM has proliferative and antiproliferative effects depending on the target cell. The molecular mechanisms underlying these opposing effects are not fully understood. Previously, we found OSM upregulation in different myeloproliferative syndromes. However, OSM receptor (OSMR) expression was detected on stromal cells but not the malignant cells themselves. In the present study, we, therefore, investigated the effect of murine OSM (mOSM) on proliferation in stromal and fibroblast cell lines. We found that mOSM impairs the proliferation of bone marrow (BM) stromal cells, whereas fibroblasts responded to mOSM with increased proliferation. When we set out to reveal the mechanisms underlying these opposing effects, we detected increased expression of the OSM receptors OSMR and LIFR in stromal cells. Interestingly, Osmr knockdown and Lifr overexpression attenuated the OSM-mediated effect on proliferation in both cell lines indicating that mOSM affected the proliferation signaling mainly through the OSMR. Furthermore, mOSM induced activation of the JAK-STAT, PI3K-AKT, and MAPK-ERK pathways in OP9 and NIH/3T3 cells with differences in total protein levels between the two cell lines. Our findings offer new insights into the regulation of proliferation by mOSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Jakob
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Tony Andreas Müller
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Department I of Internal Medicine, Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Duesseldorf, Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Response and Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne (UoC), 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Rassner
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Helen Kleinfelder
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Pia Veratti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Jan Mitschke
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Cornelius Miething
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert A. J. Oostendorp
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Dietmar Pfeifer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Miguel Waterhouse
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Justus Duyster
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Tian L, Li X, Wang Y, Chen Q, Li X, Ge RS, Li X. Oncostatin M stimulates immature Leydig cell proliferation but inhibits its maturation and function in rats through JAK1/STAT3 signaling and induction of oxidative stress in vitro. Andrology 2021; 10:354-366. [PMID: 34516050 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncostatin M (OSM) is a member of the interleukin-6 group of cytokines, which can regulate cell proliferation, growth, and function. Immature Leydig cells have the ability to proliferate and differentiate, and adult Leydig cells have the function of testosterone synthesis. However, the role and underlying mechanisms of OSM on the proliferation and function of Leydig cells remain unclear. METHODS The effects of OSM on the proliferation, apoptosis, and function of immature Leydig cells isolated from 35-day-old rats and the function of adult Leydig cells isolated from 63-day-old rats in vitro. RESULTS OSM stimulated immature Leydig cell proliferation after up-regulating the expression of Ccnd1 and Cdk4 to drive the transition of G1 phase to M2 phase in the cell cycle at 10 and 100 ng/ml. OSM did not affect the apoptosis of immature Leydig cells up to 100 ng/ml. OSM inhibited testosterone production in immature and adult Leydig cells by down-regulating the expression of Lhcgr, Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1, and Cyp17a1 at 1-100 ng/ml. OSM induced reactive oxygen species and down-regulated the expression of antioxidant genes and lowered mitochondrial membrane potential at 10 and 100 ng/ml in both Leydig cells. Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) antagonist filgotinib and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) antagonist S3I-201 reversed the effect of OSM, indicating that it acts on JAK1/STAT3 signaling. CONCLUSION Oncostatin M stimulates immature Leydig cell proliferation while inhibiting the function of immature and adult Leydig cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xueyun Li
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Quanxu Chen
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xingwang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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4
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Mir-193b Regulates the Differentiation, Proliferation, and Apoptosis of Bovine Adipose Cells by Targeting the ACSS2/AKT Axis. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10081265. [PMID: 32722316 PMCID: PMC7459776 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise functions and molecular mechanisms of microRNAs (miRNAs) in adipocytes are primarily unknown. Studies have demonstrated that miR-193b plays a pivotal role in the differentiation of preadipocytes. Herein, we evaluated the effects of bta-miR-193b on the growth and development of adipocytes, using the EdU cell proliferation method, flow cytometry analysis, CCK-8 assay, RT-qPCR, Western blotting, and oil red O staining. We observed that the overexpression of bta-miR-193b significantly affected the differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis of adipocytes. The results of the dual-fluorescent reporter vector experiments demonstrated that bta-miR-193b directly targeted Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2). Additionally, the effects of ACSS2 overexpression on the proliferation and apoptosis in adipose cells were the opposite of those induced by bta-miR-193b. We also demonstrated that ACSS2 can significantly promote the expression of AKT and pAKT proteins. Therefore, this study presents a novel mechanism by which bta-miR-193b regulates adipocyte development by targeting ACSS2.
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5
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Song C, Yang J, Jiang R, Yang Z, Li H, Huang Y, Lan X, Lei C, Ma Y, Qi X, Chen H. miR-148a-3p regulates proliferation and apoptosis of bovine muscle cells by targeting KLF6. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:15742-15750. [PMID: 30793769 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle development is regulated by a series of regulatory factors, and also including noncoding RNA, especially microRNAs (miRNAs). Recently, miR-148a has been found to be involved in murine C2C12 differentiation by targeting ROCK1. However, the function of miR-148a-3p for the proliferation and apoptosis of bovine muscle cells has not been determined. In this study, we found that miR-148a-3p was highly expressed in fetal bovine skeletal muscle and exhibited a decreasing trend in muscle cells during its growth phase. Functional studies indicated that gain of miR-148a-3p inhibited the proliferation of bovine muscle cells and promoted apoptosis. Conversely, interference with miR-148a-3p inhibitor promoted muscle cell proliferation and inhibited its apoptosis. Mechanistically, KLF6 was confirmed as a new potential target gene of miR-148a-3p by TargetScan software prediction and the dual-luciferase assay verification. Additionally, after a gain or loss of KLF6, the function of KLF6 for muscle cell proliferation and apoptosis was opposite to that of miR-148a-3p. Collectively, these findings proposed a novel avenue whereby miR-148a-3p impeded bovine myoblast cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis through the posttranscriptional downregulation of KLF6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengchuang Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiameng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhaoxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yongzhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chuzhao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yun Ma
- Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-Bioresources in Dabie Mountains, College of Life Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan, China
| | - Xinglei Qi
- Bureau of Animal Husbandry of Biyang County, Biyang, Henan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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6
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Miki Y, Morioka T, Shioi A, Fujimoto K, Sakura T, Uedono H, Kakutani Y, Ochi A, Mori K, Shoji T, Emoto M, Inaba M. Oncostatin M induces C2C12 myotube atrophy by modulating muscle differentiation and degradation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 516:951-956. [PMID: 31272716 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.06.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a cytokine of the interleukin-6 family and plays a role in various disorders such as cancer and inflammatory diseases, which are often accompanied by skeletal muscle atrophy, or sarcopenia. However, the role of OSM in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass remains to be identified. In this study, we investigated the effect of OSM on C2C12 myotube formation in vitro. C2C12 myoblasts were induced to differentiate into myotubes for 3 days and then treated with OSM for 24 or 48 h. The diameter of differentiated C2C12 myotubes were reduced by 18.7% and 23.3% compared to control cells after treatment with OSM for 24 and 48 h, respectively. The expression levels of MyoD and myogenin were decreased, while those of atrogin-1, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein δ, and OSM receptor were increased in C2C12 myotubes treated with OSM for 24 h compared to control cells. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of OSM on myotube formation was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with an inhibitor of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 or by knockdown of Stat3. Finally, the OSM-induced changes in the expression levels of MyoD, myogenin, and atrogin-1 were reversed by pretreatment with an inhibitor of STAT3 or by Stat3 knockdown in C2C12 myotubes. In conclusion, OSM induces C2C12 myotube atrophy by inhibiting myogenic differentiation and activating muscle degradation in a STAT3-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Miki
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Morioka
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Shioi
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan; Vascular Science Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Kenta Fujimoto
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Takeshi Sakura
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Hideki Uedono
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kakutani
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Akinobu Ochi
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Katsuhito Mori
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Shoji
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan; Vascular Science Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masanori Emoto
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
| | - Masaaki Inaba
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan; Vascular Science Center for Translational Research, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan
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7
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Sampath SC, Sampath SC, Ho ATV, Corbel SY, Millstone JD, Lamb J, Walker J, Kinzel B, Schmedt C, Blau HM. Induction of muscle stem cell quiescence by the secreted niche factor Oncostatin M. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1531. [PMID: 29670077 PMCID: PMC5906564 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03876-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between stem cell quiescence and proliferation in skeletal muscle is tightly controlled, but perturbed in a variety of disease states. Despite progress in identifying activators of stem cell proliferation, the niche factor(s) responsible for quiescence induction remain unclear. Here we report an in vivo imaging-based screen which identifies Oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the interleukin-6 family of cytokines, as a potent inducer of muscle stem cell (MuSC, satellite cell) quiescence. OSM is produced by muscle fibers, induces reversible MuSC cell cycle exit, and maintains stem cell regenerative capacity as judged by serial transplantation. Conditional OSM receptor deletion in satellite cells leads to stem cell depletion and impaired regeneration following injury. These results identify Oncostatin M as a secreted niche factor responsible for quiescence induction, and for the first time establish a direct connection between induction of quiescence, stemness, and transplantation potential in solid organ stem cells. The factors that mediate quiescence of muscle stem cells are unknown. The authors show that Oncostatin M is produced by skeletal muscle, suppresses stem cell proliferation, and that its deletion in muscle results in stem cell depletion and impaired muscle regeneration following injury in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinath C Sampath
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. .,Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA. .,Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA.
| | - Srihari C Sampath
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.,Division of Musculoskeletal Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, CA, 92103, USA
| | - Andrew T V Ho
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Stéphane Y Corbel
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.,Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Joshua D Millstone
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - John Lamb
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - John Walker
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Bernd Kinzel
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Schmedt
- Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Helen M Blau
- Baxter Laboratory for Stem Cell Biology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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8
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Grabiec K, Majewska A, Wicik Z, Milewska M, Błaszczyk M, Grzelkowska-Kowalczyk K. The effect of palmitate supplementation on gene expression profile in proliferating myoblasts. Cell Biol Toxicol 2016; 32:185-98. [PMID: 27114085 PMCID: PMC4882353 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-016-9324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
High-fat diet, exposure to saturated fatty acids, or the presence of adipocytes in myoblast microenvironment affects skeletal muscle growth and function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of palmitate supplementation on transcriptomic profile of mouse C2C12 myoblasts. Global gene expression was evaluated using whole mouse genome oligonucleotide microarrays, and the results were validated through qPCR. A total of 4047 genes were identified as differentially expressed, including 3492 downregulated and 555 upregulated genes, during a 48-h exposure to palmitate (0.1 mmol/l). Functional classification showed the involvement of these genes in several processes which regulate cell growth. In conclusion, the addition of palmitate modifies the expression of genes associated with (1) myoblast responsiveness to hormones and growth factors, (2) cytokine and growth factor expression, and (3) regulation of cell-cell and cell-matrix communication. Such alterations can affect myoblast growth and differentiation; however, further studies in this field are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Grabiec
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Majewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Z Wicik
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Milewska
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - M Błaszczyk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Grzelkowska-Kowalczyk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
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Bera A, Ghosh-Choudhury N, Dey N, Das F, Kasinath BS, Abboud HE, Choudhury GG. NFκB-mediated cyclin D1 expression by microRNA-21 influences renal cancer cell proliferation. Cell Signal 2013; 25:2575-86. [PMID: 23981302 PMCID: PMC3896302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 07/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs regulate post-transcriptomic landscape in many tumors including renal cell carcinoma. We have recently shown significantly increased expression of miR-21 in renal tumors and that this miRNA contributes to the proliferation of renal cancer cells in culture. However, the mechanism by which miR-21 regulates renal cancer cell proliferation is poorly understood. Addiction to constitutive NFκB activity is hallmark of many cancers including renal cancer. Using miR-21 Sponge in renal cancer cells to block endogenous function of miR-21, we show inhibition of phosphorylation of p65 subunit of NFκB, IKKβ and IκB, which results in attenuation of NFκB transcriptional activity. Subtle reduction in the tumor suppressor PTEN has been linked to various malignancies. We showed previously that miR-21 targeted PTEN in renal cancer cells. Inhibition of PTEN by siRNAs restored miR-21 Sponge-induced suppression of phosphorylation of p65, IKKβ, IκB and NFκB transcriptional activity along with reversal of miR-21 Sponge-reduced phosphorylation of Akt. Expression of constitutively active Akt protected against miR-21 Sponge- and PTEN-mediated decrease in p65/IKKβ/IκB phosphorylation and NFκB transcriptional activity. Furthermore, IKKβ and p65 were required for miR-21-induced renal cancer cell proliferation. Interestingly, miR-21 controlled the expression of cyclin D1 through NFκB-dependent transcription. Finally, we demonstrate that miR-21-regulated renal cancer cell proliferation is mediated by cyclin D1 and CDK4. Together, our results establish a molecular order of a phosphatase-kinase couple involving PTEN/Akt/IKKβ and NFκB-dependent cyclin D1 expression for renal carcinoma cell proliferation by increased miR-21 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Bera
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas
| | - Nandini Ghosh-Choudhury
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas
- VA Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Nirmalya Dey
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas
| | - Falguni Das
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas
| | - Balakuntalam S. Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas
- VA Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Hanna E. Abboud
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas
- VA Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas
- VA Research, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
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10
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Wang Y, Wu H, Gao L, Chen S, Gu L, Ding Z, Guo J. Elevated toll-like receptor 3 inhibits pancreatic β-cell proliferation through G1 phase cell cycle arrest. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2013; 377:112-22. [PMID: 23850521 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2012] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Activation of the innate and acquired immune systems plays an important role in chronic inflammatory diseases and conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis, with additional roles in regulation of cell proliferation and survival. Here, we provide evidence that TLR3 can respond to nutrient signals and induce loss of β-cell mass through induction of G1 cycle arrest. Activation of TLR3 by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly (I:C)] was shown to trigger the decline of cyclin D1/2 protein levels in pancreatic β-cell lines, which could be reversed by the proteasome inhibitor MG132. P38 was also found to interfere with this degradation which may be associated with G1 cycle arrest. Moreover, inhibitory effects of TLR3 on β-cell growth were supported by gene silencing of TRIF, which could inhibit p38 activity in response to poly (I:C) stimuli. These results support a role for TLR3 in β-cell mass loss in metabolic surplus and raise the possibility that TRIF/p38 signaling may be involved in G1 phase cycle arrest through ubiquitin/proteasome-dependent degradation of cyclin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
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Wang X, Liu Q, Ihsan A, Huang L, Dai M, Hao H, Cheng G, Liu Z, Wang Y, Yuan Z. JAK/STAT Pathway Plays a Critical Role in the Proinflammatory Gene Expression and Apoptosis of RAW264.7 Cells Induced by Trichothecenes as DON and T-2 Toxin. Toxicol Sci 2012; 127:412-24. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfs106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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12
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Beatus P, Jhaveri DJ, Walker TL, Lucas PG, Rietze RL, Cooper HM, Morikawa Y, Bartlett PF. Oncostatin M regulates neural precursor activity in the adult brain. Dev Neurobiol 2011; 71:619-33. [PMID: 21671408 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.20871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of neural precursor cell (NPC) activity is the major determinant of the rate of neuronal production in neurogenic regions of the adult brain. Here, we show that Oncostatin M (Osm) and its receptor, OsmRβ, are both expressed in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and that in contradistinction to leukemia inhibitory factor and ciliary neutrophic factor, Osm directly inhibits the proliferation of adult NPCs as measured by a decreased level of neurosphere formation in vitro. Similarly, intraventricular infusion of Osm dramatically decreases the pool of NPCs in both the SVZ and the hippocampus. In keeping with the inhibitory action of Osm, we reveal that mice lacking OsmRβ have substantially more NPCs in the SVZ, the hippocampus and the olfactory bulb, demonstrating that endogenous Osm signaling is important for NPC homeostasis. Finally, we show that Osm can also inhibit clonal growth of glioblastoma-derived neurospheres, further supporting the close link between NPCs and tumor stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Beatus
- The Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia
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13
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Clary CR, Guidot DM, Bratina MA, Otis JS. Chronic alcohol ingestion exacerbates skeletal muscle myopathy in HIV-1 transgenic rats. AIDS Res Ther 2011; 8:30. [PMID: 21846370 PMCID: PMC3170178 DOI: 10.1186/1742-6405-8-30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Separately, chronic alcohol ingestion and HIV-1 infection are associated with severe skeletal muscle derangements, including atrophy and wasting, weakness, and fatigue. One prospective cohort study reported that 41% of HIV-infected patients met the criteria for alcoholism, however; few reports exist on the co-morbid effects of these two disease processes on skeletal muscle homeostasis. Thus, we analyzed the atrophic effects of chronic alcohol ingestion in HIV-1 transgenic rats and identified alterations to several catabolic and anabolic factors. Findings Relative plantaris mass, total protein content, and fiber cross-sectional area were reduced in each experimental group compared to healthy, control-fed rats. Alcohol abuse further reduced plantaris fiber area in HIV-1 transgenic rats. Consistent with previous reports, gene levels of myostatin and its receptor activin IIB were not increased in HIV-1 transgenic rat muscle. However, myostatin and activin IIB were induced in healthy and HIV-1 transgenic rats fed alcohol for 12 weeks. Catabolic signaling factors such as TGFβ1, TNFα, and phospho-p38/total-p38 were increased in all groups compared to controls. There was no effect on IL-6, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), or ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) in control-fed, transgenic rats. However, the co-morbidity of chronic alcohol abuse and HIV-1-related protein expression decreased expression of the two anabolic factors, CT-1 and CNTF. Conclusions Consistent with previous reports, alcohol abuse accentuated skeletal muscle atrophy in an animal model of HIV/AIDS. While some catabolic pathways known to drive alcoholic or HIV-1-associated myopathies were also elevated in this co-morbid model (e.g., TGFβ1), consistent expression patterns were not apparent. Thus, specific alterations to signaling mechanisms such as the induction of the myostatin/activin IIB system or reductions in growth factor signaling via CT-1- and CNTF-dependent mechanisms may play larger roles in the regulation of muscle mass in alcoholic, HIV-1 models.
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14
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Oncostatin M inhibits myoblast differentiation and regulates muscle regeneration. Cell Res 2010; 21:350-64. [PMID: 20956996 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2010.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a cytokine of the interleukin-6 family and plays important roles during inflammation. However, its roles in myoblast differentiation and muscle regeneration remain unexplored. We show here that OSM potently inhibited myoblast differentiation mainly by activating the JAK1/STAT1/STAT3 pathway. OSM downregulated myocyte enhancer-binding factor 2A (MEF2A), upregulated the expression of Id1 and Id2, and inhibited the transcriptional activity of MyoD and MEF2. In addition, OSM also enhanced the expression of STAT3 and OSM receptor, which constituted a positive feedback loop to further amplify OSM-induced signaling. Moreover, we found that STAT1 physically associated with MEF2 and repressed its transcriptional activity, which could account for the OSM-mediated repression of MEF2. Although undetectable in normal muscles in vivo, OSM was rapidly induced on muscle injury and then promptly downregulated just before the majority of myoblasts differentiate. Prolonged expression of OSM in muscles compromised the regeneration process without affecting myoblast proliferation, suggesting that OSM functions to prevent proliferating myoblasts from premature differentiation during the early phase of muscle regeneration.
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Otis JS, Guidot DM. Procysteine stimulates expression of key anabolic factors and reduces plantaris atrophy in alcohol-fed rats. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2009; 33:1450-9. [PMID: 19426167 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00975.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term alcohol ingestion may produce severe oxidant stress and lead to skeletal muscle dysfunction. Emerging evidence has suggested that members of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines play diverse roles in the regulation of skeletal muscle mass. Thus, our goals were (i) to minimize the degree of oxidant stress and attenuate atrophy by supplementing the diets of alcohol-fed rats with the glutathione precursor, procysteine, and (ii) to identify the roles of IL-6 family members in alcoholic myopathy. METHODS Age- and gender-matched Sprague-Dawley rats were fed the Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet containing either alcohol or an isocaloric substitution (control diet) for 35 weeks. Subgroups of alcohol-fed rats received procysteine (0.35%, w/v) for the final 12 weeks. Plantaris morphology was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Major components of glutathione metabolism were determined using assay kits. Real-time PCR was used to determine expression levels of several genes. RESULTS Plantaris muscles from alcohol-fed rats displayed extensive atrophy, as well as decreased glutathione levels, decreased activities of glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase, decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD)-2 (Mn-SOD2), and increased NADPH oxidase-1 gene expression-each indicative of significant oxidant stress. Alcohol also induced gene expression of catabolic factors including IL-6, oncostatin M, atrogin-1, muscle ring finger protein-1, and IGFBP-1. Procysteine treatment attenuated plantaris atrophy, restored glutathione levels, and increased catalase, Cu/Zn-SOD1, and Mn-SOD2 mRNA expression, but did not reduce other markers of oxidant stress or levels of these catabolic factors. Instead, procysteine stimulated gene expression of anabolic factors such as insulin-like growth factor-1, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and cardiotrophin-1. CONCLUSIONS Procysteine significantly attenuated, but did not completely abrogate, alcohol-induced oxidant stress or catabolic factors. Rather, procysteine minimized the extent of plantaris atrophy by inducing components of several anabolic pathways. Therefore, anti-oxidant treatments such as procysteine supplementation may benefit individuals with alcoholic myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Otis
- Center for Emory University School of Medicine-Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine and Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia 30002, USA.
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16
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Xuan W, Li YJ, Liu G, Ben-David Y, Archer MC. Interleukin-24 induces expression of beta4 integrin but suppresses anchorage-independent growth of rat mammary tumor cells by a mechanism that is independent of beta4. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 7:433-42. [PMID: 19258414 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-08-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Wistar-Furth rats develop multiple mammary adenocarcinomas following initiation with methylnitrosourea, whereas Copenhagen rats are resistant to the development of mammary tumors. We have previously isolated cell lines from tumors induced in resistant Copenhagen x Wistar-Furth F(1) rats by infusion of a retrovirus harboring v-Ha-ras directly into the main mammary ducts. Some of the cell lines were able to grow in soft agar, but a significant number did not display anchorage-independent growth. Here, we compared by microarray analysis genes that are differentially expressed in these cell lines. The expression of interleukin-24 (IL-24) and beta(4) integrin was highly correlated with the inability of cells to grow in soft agar. Ectopic expression of IL-24 in anchorage-independent cells inhibited their growth in monolayer culture, in soft agar, and in nude mice in vivo and inhibited their ability to migrate and invade in in vitro assays. Furthermore, growth suppression by IL-24 was associated with the transcriptional up-regulation of p27(Kip1) via the activation of Stat3. We showed, for the first time, that beta(4) integrin is a downstream target of IL-24. However, beta(4) does not play a direct role in regulating the proliferative capacity of rat mammary tumor cells. Our results show that IL-24 suppresses the growth of rat mammary carcinoma cells and may play a role in the resistance of Copenhagen rats to mammary carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Xuan
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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