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Chen Y, Mehmood K, Chang YF, Tang Z, Li Y, Zhang H. The molecular mechanisms of glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis regulating chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification. Life Sci 2023; 335:122243. [PMID: 37949211 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of chondrocyte differentiation and endochondral osteogenesis are major underlying factors in skeletal developmental disorders, including tibial dysplasia (TD), osteoarthritis (OA), chondrodysplasia (ACH), and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED). Understanding the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of these disorders is crucial for addressing orthopedic diseases resulting from impaired glycosaminoglycan synthesis. Glycosaminoglycan is a broad term that refers to the glycan component of proteoglycan macromolecules. It is an essential component of the cartilage extracellular matrix and plays a vital role in various biological processes, including gene transcription, signal transduction, and chondrocyte differentiation. Recent studies have demonstrated that glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis plays a regulatory role in chondrocyte differentiation and endochondral osteogenesis by modulating various growth factors and signaling molecules. For instance, glycosaminoglycan is involved in mediating pathways such as Wnt, TGF-β, FGF, Ihh-PTHrP, and O-GlcNAc glycosylation, interacting with transcription factors SOX9, BMPs, TGF-β, and Runx2 to regulate chondrocyte differentiation and endochondral osteogenesis. To propose innovative approaches for addressing orthopedic diseases caused by impaired glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, we conducted a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms underlying chondrocyte glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, which regulates chondrocyte differentiation and endochondral osteogenesis. Our analysis considers the role of genes, glycoproteins, and associated signaling pathways during chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Yung-Fu Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Zhang Q, Zhou W, Yang F, Shi J. Sericin nano-gel agglomerates mimicking the pericellular matrix induce the condensation of mesenchymal stem cells and trigger cartilage micro-tissue formation without exogenous stimulation of growth factors in vitro. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:6480-6491. [PMID: 37671745 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00501a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are excellent seed cells for cartilage tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Though the condensation of MSCs is the first step of their differentiation into chondrocytes in skeletal development, the process is a challenge in cartilage repairing by MSCs. The pericellular matrix (PCM), a distinct region surrounding the chondrocytes, acts as an extracellular linker among cells and forms the microenvironment of chondrocytes. Inspired by this, sericin nano-gel soft-agglomerates were prepared and used as linkers to induce MSCs to assemble into micro-spheres and differentiate into cartilage-like micro-tissues without exogenous stimulation of growth factors. These sericin nano-gel soft-agglomerates are composed of sericin nano-gels prepared by the chelation of metal ions and sericin protein. The MSCs cultured on 2D culture plates self-assembled into cell-microspheres centered by sericin nano-gel agglomerates. The self-assembly progress of MSCs is superior to the traditional centrifugation to achieve MSC condensation due to its facility, friendliness to MSCs and avoidance of the side-effects of growth factors. The analysis of transcriptomic results suggested that sericin nano-gel agglomerates offered a soft mechanical stimulation to MSCs similar to that of the PCM to chondrocytes and triggered some signaling pathways as associated with MSC chondrogenesis. The strategy of utilizing biomaterials to mimic the PCM as a linker and as a mechanical micro-environment and to induce cell aggregation and trigger the differentiation of MSCs can be employed to drive 3D cellular organization and micro-tissue fabrication in vitro. These cartilage micro-masses reported in this study can be potential candidates for cartilage repairing, cellular building blocks for 3D bio-printing and a model for cartilage development and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Futing Yang
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Jifeng Shi
- College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Cousins HC, Cousins CC, Valluru G, Altman RB, Liu Y, Pasquale LR, Ahmad S. Genetic Correlations Among Corneal Biophysical Parameters and Anthropometric Traits. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2023; 12:8. [PMID: 37561511 PMCID: PMC10424803 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.12.8.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The genetic architecture of corneal dysfunction remains poorly understood. Epidemiological and clinical evidence suggests a relationship between corneal structural features and anthropometric measures. We used global and local genetic similarity analysis to identify genomic features that may underlie structural corneal dysfunction. Methods We assembled genome-wide association study summary statistics for corneal features (central corneal thickness, corneal hysteresis [CH], corneal resistance factor [CRF], and the 3 mm index of keratometry) and anthropometric traits (body mass index, weight, and height) in Europeans. We calculated global genetic correlations (rg) between traits using linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression and local genetic covariance using ρ-HESS, which partitions the genome and performs regression with LD regions. Finally, we identified genes located within regions of significant genetic covariance and analyzed patterns of tissue expression and pathway enrichment. Results Global LD score regression revealed significant negative correlations between height and both CH (rg = -0.12; P = 2.0 × 10-7) and CRF (rg = -0.11; P = 6.9 × 10-7). Local analysis revealed 68 genomic regions exhibiting significant local genetic covariance between CRF and height, containing 2874 unique genes. Pathway analysis of genes in regions with significant local rg revealed enrichment among signaling pathways with known keratoconus associations, including cadherin and Wnt signaling, as well as enrichment of genes modulated by copper and zinc ions. Conclusions Corneal biophysical parameters and height share a common genomic architecture, which may facilitate identification of disease-associated genes and therapies for corneal ectasias. Translational Relevance Local genetic covariance analysis enables the identification of associated genes and therapeutic targets for corneal ectatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry C. Cousins
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Clara C. Cousins
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Girish Valluru
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Russ B. Altman
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Louis R. Pasquale
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sumayya Ahmad
- Department of Ophthalmology, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Dienelt A, Keller KC, zur Nieden NI. High glucose impairs osteogenic differentiation of embryonic stem cells via early diversion of beta-catenin from Forkhead box O to T cell factor interaction. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:1056-1074. [PMID: 36164276 PMCID: PMC9708100 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes, which is characterized by an increase in blood glucose concentration, is accompanied by low bone turnover, increased fracture risk, and the formation of embryonic skeletal malformations. Yet, there are few studies elucidating the underlying alterations in signaling pathways leading to these osteogenic defects. We hypothesized here that bone formation deficiencies in a high glucose environment result from altered activity of beta-catenin (CTNNB1), a key contributor to osteogenic differentiation, dysregulation of which has also been implicated in the development of diabetes. METHODS To test this hypothesis, we used a previously established embryonic stem cell (ESC) model of differentiation that mimics the diabetic environment of the developing embryo. We differentiated murine ESCs within osteogenic-inducing media containing either high (diabetic) or low (physiological) levels of D-glucose and performed time course analyses to study the influence of high glucose on early and late bone cell differentiation. RESULTS Endpoint measures for osteogenic differentiation were reduced in a glucose-dependent manner and expression of precursor-specific markers altered at multiple time points. Furthermore, transcriptional activity of the lymphoid enhancer factor (LEF)/T cell factor (TCF) transcription factors during precursor formation stages was significantly elevated while levels of CTNNB1 complexed with Forkhead box O 3a (FOXO3a) declined. Modulation of AKT, a known upstream regulator of both LEF/TCF and FOXO3a, as well as CTNNB1 rescued some of the reductions in osteogenic output seen in the high glucose condition. CONCLUSIONS Within our in vitro model, we found a clear involvement of LEF/TCF and FOXO3a signaling pathways in the regulation of osteogenic differentiation, which may account for the skeletal deficiencies found in newborns of diabetic mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anke Dienelt
- Department of Cell Therapy, Applied Stem Cell Technologies Unit, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kevin C. Keller
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology & Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Nicole I. zur Nieden
- Department of Cell Therapy, Applied Stem Cell Technologies Unit, Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology & Stem Cell Center, College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
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Peymanfar Y, Su YW, Hassanshahi M, Xian CJ. Methotrexate treatment suppresses osteoblastic differentiation by inducing Notch2 signaling and blockade of Notch2 rescues osteogenesis by preserving Wnt/β-catenin signaling. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:2258-2270. [PMID: 34935186 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is a commonly used antimetabolite in cancer treatment. Its intensive use is linked with skeletal adverse effects such as reduced bone formation and bone loss, and yet little information is available on molecular mechanisms underlying MTX-induced impaired bone formation. This study investigated the effects of MTX treatment at a clinical chemotherapy relevant dose on osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3E1 osteoblastic cells. To investigate the potential mechanisms, the expression of 87 genes regulating osteoblast differentiation and bone homeostasis was screened in MTX-treated versus untreated cells by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) arrays and results illustrated significant upregulation of Notch2 and Notch target genes at both early and late stages of MC3T3E1 differentiation following MTX treatment. To confirm the roles of Notch2 pathway and its potential action mechanisms, MC3T3E1 cells were treated with MTX with an anti-Notch2 neutralizing antibody or control IgG and effects were examined on osteogenesis and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Our results demonstrated that induction of Notch2 activity is associated with MTX adverse effects on osteogenic differentiation and blocking Notch2 rescues osteoblast differentiation by preserving activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Peymanfar
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yu-Wen Su
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Cory J Xian
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Guo J, Huang Q, Zhou Y, Xu Y, Zong C, Shen P, Ma Y, Zhang J, Cui Y, Yu L, Gao J, Liu G, Huang K, Xu W. Typing characteristics of metabolism-related genes in osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:999157. [PMID: 36188607 PMCID: PMC9522470 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.999157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Osteoporosis is a common musculoskeletal disease. Fractures caused by osteoporosis place a huge burden on global healthcare. At present, the mechanism of metabolic-related etiological heterogeneity of osteoporosis has not been explored, and no research has been conducted to analyze the metabolic-related phenotype of osteoporosis. This study aimed to identify different types of osteoporosis metabolic correlates associated with underlying pathogenesis by machine learning.Methods: In this study, the gene expression profiles GSE56814 and GSE56815 of osteoporosis patients were downloaded from the GEO database, and unsupervised clustering analysis was used to identify osteoporosis metabolic gene subtypes and machine learning to screen osteoporosis metabolism-related characteristic genes. Meanwhile, multi-omics enrichment was performed using the online Proteomaps tool, and the results were validated using external datasets GSE35959 and GSE7429. Finally, the immune and stromal cell types of the signature genes were inferred by the xCell method.Results: Based on unsupervised cluster analysis, osteoporosis metabolic genotyping can be divided into three distinct subtypes: lipid and steroid metabolism subtypes, glycolysis-related subtypes, and polysaccharide subtypes. In addition, machine learning SVM identified 10 potentially metabolically related genes, GPR31, GATM, DDB2, ARMCX1, RPS6, BTBD3, ADAMTSL4, COQ6, B3GNT2, and CD9.Conclusion: Based on the clustering analysis of gene expression in patients with osteoporosis and machine learning, we identified different metabolism-related subtypes and characteristic genes of osteoporosis, which will help to provide new ideas for the metabolism-related pathogenesis of osteoporosis and provide a new direction for follow-up research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Guo
- Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qinghua Huang
- Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yundong Zhou
- Shanghai Medical Innovation Fusion Biomedical Research Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yining Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenyu Zong
- Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Panyang Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinxi Zhang
- Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Cui
- Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liuqian Yu
- Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Gao
- Hangzhou Ninth People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Liu, ; Kangmao Huang, ; Wenbin Xu,
| | - Kangmao Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Liu, ; Kangmao Huang, ; Wenbin Xu,
| | - Wenbin Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Gang Liu, ; Kangmao Huang, ; Wenbin Xu,
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Cheng J, Li M, Bai R. The Wnt signaling cascade in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and related promising treatment strategies. Front Physiol 2022; 13:954454. [PMID: 36117702 PMCID: PMC9479192 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.954454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent joint disease, characterized by the degradation of articular cartilage, synovial inflammation, and changes in periarticular and subchondral bone. Recent studies have reported that Wnt signaling cascades play an important role in the development, growth, and homeostasis of joints. The Wnt signaling cascade should be tightly regulated to maintain the homeostasis of cartilage in either the over-activation or the suppression of Wnt/β-catenin, as this could lead to OA. This review summarizes the role and mechanism of canonical Wnt cascade and noncanonical Wnt cascade experiments in vivo and in vitro. The Wnt cascade is controlled by several agonists and antagonists in the extracellular medium and the cytoplasm. These antagonists and agonists serve as key molecules in drug intervention into the Wnt pathway and may provide potential approaches for the treatment of OA. However, the complexity of the Wnt signaling cascade and the pharmaceutical effects on its mechanism are still not fully understood, which forces us to conduct further research and develop efficient therapeutic approaches to treat OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuancheng Central Hospital, Xuancheng, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xuancheng Central Hospital, Xuancheng, China
| | - Ruijun Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Ruijun Bai,
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TiO2 Nanocoatings with Controllable Crystal Type and Nanoscale Topography on Zirconia Implants to Accelerate Bone Formation. Bioinorg Chem Appl 2022; 2022:8650659. [PMID: 35529315 PMCID: PMC9068347 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8650659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In dentistry, zirconia implants have emerged as a promising alternative for replacing missing teeth due to their superior aesthetic performance and chemical stability. To improve the osseointegration of zirconia implants, modifying their surface with hierarchical micro/nanotopography and bioactive chemical composition are two effective ways. In this work, a microscale topography was prepared on a zirconia surface using hydrofluoric acid etching, and then a 50 nm TiO2 nanocoating was deposited via atomic layer deposition (ALD). Subsequently, an annealing treatment was used to transform the TiO2 from amorphous to anatase and simultaneously generate nanoscale topography. Various investigations into the coating surface morphology, topography, wettability, and chemical composition were carried out using scanning electron microscopy, white light interferometry, contact-angle measurement, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, in vitro cytocompatibility and osteogenic potential performance of the coatings were evaluated by human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs), and in vivo osseointegration performance was assessed in a rat femoral condyle model. Moreover, the possible mechanism was also investigated. The deposition of TiO2 film with/without annealing treatment did not alter the microscale roughness of the zirconia surface, whereas the nanotopography changed significantly after annealing. The in vitro studies revealed that the anatase TiO2 coating with regular wavelike nanostructure could promote the adhesion and proliferation of osteoblasts and further improve the osteogenic potential in vitro and osseointegration in vivo. These positive effects may be caused by nanoscale topography via the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The results suggest that using ALD in combination with annealing treatment to fabricate a nanotopographic TiO2 coating is a promising way to improve the osteogenic properties of zirconia implants.
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Wang X, Xin H, Ning X, Zhang Y, Liu F, Zhang Z, Jia X, Guo W, Hong Y, Sui W. Strontium-loaded titanium implant with rough surface modulates osseointegration by changing sfrp4 in canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [PMID: 35349988 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac61fb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A rough morphology and strontium can activate the Wnt pathway to regulate bone mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) osteogenic differentiation, but the mechanism remains unclear. We constructed smooth Ti (ST) surfaces, rough Ti (RT) surfaces subjected to hydrofluoric acid etching, strontium-loaded smooth Ti (ST-Sr) surfaces subjected to magnetron sputtering, and rough strontium-loaded Ti (RT-Sr) surfaces. We systematically studied the in vitro osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs on these four surfaces by alkaline phosphatase measurement, Alizarin Red staining and PCR. We also investigated whether crosstalk of the canonical and noncanonical Wnt signaling pathways regulated by sfrp4, which is an inhibitor of canonical and noncanonical Wnt, is the underlying mechanism via PCR on rBMSCs in different stages of osteogenic differentiation. We confirmed the effect of sfrp4 through an in vivo sfrp4-siRNA test. The in vitro osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs decreased in the order RT-Sr, RT, ST-Sr, and ST. Regarding the mechanism, rough morphology and strontium both enhanced the canonical Wnt pathway to promote osseointegration. Additionally, rough morphology can inhibit sfrp4 to activate the noncanonical Wnt pathway, and then, the activated noncanonical Wnt pathway can suppress the canonical Wnt pathway at the early stage of osteogenic differentiation. Strontium continuously enhanced sfrp4 to inhibit the canonical Wnt pathway instead of activating the noncanonical Wnt pathway. Interestingly, the effect of rough morphology on sfrp4 changed from inhibition to enhancement, and the enhancing effect of strontium on sfrp4 was gradually attenuated. The results of the in vivo sfrp4-siRNA test showed that osseointegration decreased in the order RT-Sr, RT-Sr-siRNA, and ST. Our results suggest that the lack of sfrp4 could suppress osseointegration, indicating that sfrp4 acts as a crucial regulatory molecule for the canonical and noncanonical Wnt pathways during the response of rBMSCs to rough morphology and strontium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University School of Stomatology, 145 Changle West Road, Xi 'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, CHINA
| | - He Xin
- Fourth Military Medical University, 145 Changle West Road, Xi 'an, Xi'an, 710032, CHINA
| | - Xiaona Ning
- Ophthalmology, Tangdu Hospital Fourth Military Medical University, No. 1 xinsi Road,Xi'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, CHINA
| | - Yubohan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University School of Stomatology, 145 Changle West Road, Xi 'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, CHINA
| | - Fuwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University School of Stomatology, 145 Changle West Road, Xi 'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, CHINA
| | - Zhouyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University School of Stomatology, 145 Changle West Road, Xi 'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, CHINA
| | - Xuelian Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University School of Stomatology, 145 Changle West Road, Xi 'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, CHINA
| | - Weiwei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Shaanxi Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University School of Stomatology, 145 Changle West Road, Xi 'an, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, CHINA
| | - Yonglong Hong
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, 1333 XinHu Road, Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, CHINA
| | - Wen Sui
- Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University, 1333 XinHu Road, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong, China., Shenzhen, 518000, CHINA
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Martínez-Gil N, Ugartondo N, Grinberg D, Balcells S. Wnt Pathway Extracellular Components and Their Essential Roles in Bone Homeostasis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13010138. [PMID: 35052478 PMCID: PMC8775112 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt pathway is involved in several processes essential for bone development and homeostasis. For proper functioning, the Wnt pathway is tightly regulated by numerous extracellular elements that act by both activating and inhibiting the pathway at different moments. This review aims to describe, summarize and update the findings regarding the extracellular modulators of the Wnt pathway, including co-receptors, ligands and inhibitors, in relation to bone homeostasis, with an emphasis on the animal models generated, the diseases associated with each gene and the bone processes in which each member is involved. The precise knowledge of all these elements will help us to identify possible targets that can be used as a therapeutic target for the treatment of bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
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Wang X, Tian Y, Liang X, Yin C, Huai Y, Zhao Y, Huang Q, Chu X, Wang W, Qian AR. Bergamottin promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation via activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:2913-2924. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02755g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is one of the most common bone disorders that seriously affect the health and life quality of elderly individuals. Reduced osteoblast differentiation and bone formation lead to changes in...
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Persichetti A, Milanetti E, Palmisano B, di Filippo A, Spica E, Donsante S, Coletta I, Venti MDS, Ippolito E, Corsi A, Riminucci M, Raimondo D. Nanostring technology on Fibrous Dysplasia bone biopsies. A pilot study suggesting different histology-related molecular profiles. Bone Rep 2021; 16:101156. [PMID: 34950753 PMCID: PMC8671863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2021.101156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the molecular networks that underlie Fibrous Dysplasia (FD) is key to understand the pathogenesis of the disease, to refine current diagnostic approaches and to develop efficacious therapies. In this study, we used the NanoString nCounter Analysis System to investigate the gene signature of a series of nine Formalin Fixed Decalcified and Paraffin-Embedded (FFDPE) bone biopsies from seven FD patients. We analyzed the expression level of 770 genes. Unsupervised clustering analysis demonstrated partitioning into two clusters with distinct patterns of gene expression. Differentially expressed genes included growth factors, components of the Wnt signaling system, interleukins and some of their cognate receptors, ephrin ligands, matrix metalloproteinases, neurotrophins and genes encoding components of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Interestingly, two tissue samples obtained from the same skeletal site of one patient one year apart failed to segregate in the same cluster. Retrospective histological review of the samples revealed different microscopic aspects in the two groups. The results of our pilot study suggest that the genetic signature of FD is heterogeneous and varies according to the histology and, likely, to the age of the lesion. In addition, they show that the Nanostring technology is a valuable tool for molecular translational studies on archival FFDPE material in FD and other rare bone diseases. We used the NanoString technology to analyze Formalin Fixed Decalcified Paraffin Embedded (FFDPE) Fibrous Dysplasia samples. We show that Fibrous Dysplasia lesions may have different molecular profiles consistent with its histological heterogeneity. NanoString technology is a valuable tool for molecular studies on rare bone diseases by using FFDPE archival material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Persichetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Milanetti
- Department of Physics, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.,Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Italian Institute of Technology, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Biagio Palmisano
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Spica
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Samantha Donsante
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Ilenia Coletta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Ernesto Ippolito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Corsi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Mara Riminucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Raimondo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Viale Regina Elena, 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
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13
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Benefits and mechanisms of polysaccharides from Chinese medicinal herbs for anti-osteoporosis therapy: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:1996-2005. [PMID: 34767882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disease with an increasing incidence rate. Chinese medicinal herbs have a long history of treating bone diseases. Polysaccharides are an important category of phytochemicals in Chinese medicinal herbs, and their health benefits have increased the interest of the public. Numerous studies have indicated that polysaccharides exhibit anti-osteoporosis effects by balancing bone resorption and bone formation, but the detailed effects and mechanism have not been systematically summarized. We performed a comprehensive review of the literature to consolidate studies for the period 2000-2021 by conducting electronic searches on the PubMed, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases. In total, polysaccharides from 19 kinds of Chinese medicinal herbs in 54 studies have shown bone homeostasis protective properties. In vivo and in vitro experiments have demonstrated that polysaccharides present properties in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, senile osteoporosis, and glucocorticoid-induced secondary osteoporosis, especially postmenopausal osteoporosis. Moreover, a number of signalling pathways, such as the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, BMP/SMAD/RUNX2 signalling pathway, OPG/RANKL/RANK signalling pathway, apoptosis pathway, and transcription factors, are regulated by polysaccharides and participate in improving bone homeostasis. This review will provide a better understanding of the anti-osteoporotic effects of polysaccharides and the concomitant modulations of signalling pathways.
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14
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Xu C, Wang M, Zandieh-Doulabi B, Sun W, Wei L, Liu Y. To B (Bone Morphogenic Protein-2) or Not to B (Bone Morphogenic Protein-2): Mesenchymal Stem Cells May Explain the Protein's Role in Osteosarcomagenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:740783. [PMID: 34869325 PMCID: PMC8635864 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.740783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS), a primary malignant bone tumor, stems from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and/or committed osteoblast precursors. Distant metastases, in particular pulmonary and skeletal metastases, are common in patients with OS. Moreover, extensive resection of the primary tumor and bone metastases usually leads to bone defects in these patients. Bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) has been widely applied in bone regeneration with the rationale that BMP-2 promotes osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs. Thus, BMP-2 might be useful after OS resection to repair bone defects. However, the potential tumorigenicity of BMP-2 remains a concern that has impeded the administration of BMP-2 in patients with OS and in populations susceptible to OS with severe bone deficiency (e.g., in patients with genetic mutation diseases and aberrant activities of bone metabolism). In fact, some studies have drawn the opposite conclusion about the effect of BMP-2 on OS progression. Given the roles of BMSCs in the origination of OS and osteogenesis, we hypothesized that the responses of BMSCs to BMP-2 in the tumor milieu may be responsible for OS development. This review focuses on the relationship among BMSCs, BMP-2, and OS cells; a better understanding of this relationship may elucidate the accurate mechanisms of actions of BMP-2 in osteosarcomagenesis and thereby pave the way for clinically safer and broader administration of BMP-2 in the future. For example, a low dosage of and a slow-release delivery strategy for BMP-2 are potential topics for exploration to treat OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfeng Xu
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mingjie Wang
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Behrouz Zandieh-Doulabi
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingfei Wei
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Oral Implantology, Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yuelian Liu
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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15
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Amelogenin-Derived Peptides in Bone Regeneration: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179224. [PMID: 34502132 PMCID: PMC8431254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Amelogenins are enamel matrix proteins currently used to treat bone defects in periodontal surgery. Recent studies have highlighted the relevance of amelogenin-derived peptides, named LRAP, TRAP, SP, and C11, in bone tissue engineering. Interestingly, these peptides seem to maintain or even improve the biological activity of the full-length protein, which has received attention in the field of bone regeneration. In this article, the authors combined a systematic and a narrative review. The former is focused on the existing scientific evidence on LRAP, TRAP, SP, and C11's ability to induce the production of mineralized extracellular matrix, while the latter is concentrated on the structure and function of amelogenin and amelogenin-derived peptides. Overall, the collected data suggest that LRAP and SP are able to induce stromal stem cell differentiation towards osteoblastic phenotypes; specifically, SP seems to be more reliable in bone regenerative approaches due to its osteoinduction and the absence of immunogenicity. However, even if some evidence is convincing, the limited number of studies and the scarcity of in vivo studies force us to wait for further investigations before drawing a solid final statement on the real potential of amelogenin-derived peptides in bone tissue engineering.
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16
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Gao H, Xiao J, Wei Y, Yang H, Zou F. Manipulating Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation on Nanopattern Constructed through Cell-Mediated Mineralization. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:5727-5734. [PMID: 35006735 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix microenvironment, including chemical constituents and topological structure, plays key role in regulating the cell behavior, such as adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, etc. Until now, to investigate the relationship between surface texture and cell response, various ordered patterns have been prepared on the surface of different matrixes, whereas almost all these strategies depend on advanced instruments or severe synthesis conditions. Herein, cell-mediated mineralization method has been applied to construct nanopattern on the surface of β-TCP scaffold. The formation process, morphology, and composition of the final pattern were characterized, and a possible mineralization mechanism has been proposed. Moreover, the cell behavior on the nanopattern has been investigated, and the results showed that the mouse bone marrow mesenchyme stem cells (mBMSCs) display good affinity with the nanopattern, which was manifested by the good proliferation and osteogenic differentiation status of cells. The synthetic strategy may shed light to construct advanced topological structures on other matrixes for bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huichang Gao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.,National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jin Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yingqi Wei
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Hui Yang
- School of Information Engineering, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Fen Zou
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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17
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Ciliary Signalling and Mechanotransduction in the Pathophysiology of Craniosynostosis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12071073. [PMID: 34356089 PMCID: PMC8306115 DOI: 10.3390/genes12071073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniosynostosis (CS) is the second most prevalent inborn craniofacial malformation; it results from the premature fusion of cranial sutures and leads to dimorphisms of variable severity. CS is clinically heterogeneous, as it can be either a sporadic isolated defect, more frequently, or part of a syndromic phenotype with mendelian inheritance. The genetic basis of CS is also extremely heterogeneous, with nearly a hundred genes associated so far, mostly mutated in syndromic forms. Several genes can be categorised within partially overlapping pathways, including those causing defects of the primary cilium. The primary cilium is a cellular antenna serving as a signalling hub implicated in mechanotransduction, housing key molecular signals expressed on the ciliary membrane and in the cilioplasm. This mechanical property mediated by the primary cilium may also represent a cue to understand the pathophysiology of non-syndromic CS. In this review, we aimed to highlight the implication of the primary cilium components and active signalling in CS pathophysiology, dissecting their biological functions in craniofacial development and in suture biomechanics. Through an in-depth revision of the literature and computational annotation of disease-associated genes we categorised 18 ciliary genes involved in CS aetiology. Interestingly, a prevalent implication of midline sutures is observed in CS ciliopathies, possibly explained by the specific neural crest origin of the frontal bone.
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18
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Marchini M, Hu D, Lo Vercio L, Young NM, Forkert ND, Hallgrímsson B, Marcucio R. Wnt Signaling Drives Correlated Changes in Facial Morphology and Brain Shape. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:644099. [PMID: 33855022 PMCID: PMC8039397 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.644099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Canonical Wnt signaling plays multiple roles critical to normal craniofacial development while its dysregulation is known to be involved in structural birth defects of the face. However, when and how Wnt signaling influences phenotypic variation, including those associated with disease, remains unclear. One potential mechanism is via Wnt signaling’s role in the patterning of an early facial signaling center, the frontonasal ectodermal zone (FEZ), and its subsequent regulation of early facial morphogenesis. For example, Wnt signaling may directly alter the shape and/or magnitude of expression of the sonic hedgehog (SHH) domain in the FEZ. To test this idea, we used a replication-competent avian sarcoma retrovirus (RCAS) encoding Wnt3a to modulate its expression in the facial mesenchyme. We then quantified and compared ontogenetic changes in treated to untreated embryos in the three-dimensional (3D) shape of both the SHH expression domain of the FEZ, and the morphology of the facial primordia and brain using iodine-contrast microcomputed tomography imaging and 3D geometric morphometrics (3DGM). We found that increased Wnt3a expression in early stages of head development produces correlated variation in shape between both structural and signaling levels of analysis. In addition, altered Wnt3a activation disrupted the integration between the forebrain and other neural tube derivatives. These results show that activation of Wnt signaling influences facial shape through its impact on the forebrain and SHH expression in the FEZ, and highlights the close relationship between morphogenesis of the forebrain and midface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marchini
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Diane Hu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Lucas Lo Vercio
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Nathan M Young
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nils D Forkert
- Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Benedikt Hallgrímsson
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Ralph Marcucio
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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19
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Liu Y, Zhuang H, Cao F, Li J, Guo Y, Zhang J, Zhao Q, Liu Y. Shc3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma stemness and drug resistance by interacting with β-catenin to inhibit its ubiquitin degradation pathway. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:278. [PMID: 33723262 PMCID: PMC7961052 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03560-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers with an insidious onset, strong invasiveness, insensitivity to chemotherapy, and poor prognosis, thus makes clinical treatment challenging. The mechanisms require further elucidation for developing novel therapies and targeting drug resistance. Here, we observed high Shc3 expression in patients with chemoresistant and recurrent HCCs. Shc3 overexpression induced a significant increase in MDR1/P-glycoprotein expression, whereas Shc3 knockdown impaired this expression. Further, Shc3 inhibition significantly restored HCC cell sensitivity to doxorubicin and sorafenib. Mechanistically, Shc3 interacted with β-catenin, inhibited destruction complex stability, promoted β-catenin release, and dampened β-catenin ubiquitination. Shc3 bound β-catenin and facilitated its nuclear translocation, prompting the β-catenin/TCF pathway to elevate MDR1 transcription. β-catenin blockage abolished the discrepancy in drug resistance between Shc3-depleted HCC cells and control cells, which further validating that β-catenin is required for Shc3-mediated liver chemotherapy. We also determined the effect of Shc3 on the sensitivity of HCC to chemotherapy in vivo. Collectively, this study provides a potential strategy to target these pathways concurrently with systemic chemotherapy that can improve the clinical treatment of HCC.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/metabolism
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Doxorubicin/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hep G2 Cells
- Humans
- Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms/pathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Middle Aged
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/metabolism
- Neoplastic Stem Cells/pathology
- Proteolysis
- Signal Transduction
- Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 3/genetics
- Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 3/metabolism
- TCF Transcription Factors/genetics
- TCF Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Ubiquitination
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- beta Catenin/metabolism
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Liu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hao Zhuang
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Fang Cao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer; Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
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20
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Fan J, Su YW, Hassanshahi M, Fan CM, Peymanfar Y, Piergentili A, Del Bello F, Quaglia W, Xian CJ. β-Catenin signaling is important for osteogenesis and hematopoiesis recovery following methotrexate chemotherapy in rats. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3740-3751. [PMID: 33078406 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy can significantly impair the bone formation and cause myelosuppression; however, their recovery potentials and mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the roles of the β-catenin signaling pathway in bone and bone marrow recovery potentials in rats treated with antimetabolite methotrexate (MTX) (five once-daily injections, 0.75 mg/kg) with/without β-catenin inhibitor indocyanine green (ICG)-001 (oral, 200 mg/kg/day). ICG alone reduced trabecular bone volume and bone marrow cellularity. In MTX-treated rats, ICG suppressed bone volume recovery on Day 11 after the first MTX injection. ICG exacerbated MTX-induced decreases on Day 9 osteoblast numbers on bone surfaces, their formation in vitro from bone marrow stromal cells (osteogenic differentiation/mineralization), as well as expression of osteogenesis-related markers Runx2, Osx, and OCN in bone, and it suppressed their subsequent recoveries on Day 11. On the other hand, ICG did not affect MTX-induced increased osteoclast density and the level of the osteoclastogenic signal (RANKL/OPG expression ratio) in bone, suggesting that ICG inhibition of β-catenin does nothing to abate the increased bone resorption induced by MTX. ICG also attenuated bone marrow cellularity recovery on Day 11, which was associated with the suppressed recovery of CD34+ or c-Kit+ hematopoietic progenitor cell contents. Thus, β-catenin signaling is important for osteogenesis and hematopoiesis recoveries following MTX chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Wen Su
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Chia-Ming Fan
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yaser Peymanfar
- UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Fabio Del Bello
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Wilma Quaglia
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Cory J Xian
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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21
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Cun X, Hosta-Rigau L. Topography: A Biophysical Approach to Direct the Fate of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2070. [PMID: 33092104 PMCID: PMC7590059 DOI: 10.3390/nano10102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a promising strategy to treat tissue and organ loss or damage caused by injury or disease. During the past two decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted a tremendous amount of interest in tissue engineering due to their multipotency and self-renewal ability. MSCs are also the most multipotent stem cells in the human adult body. However, the application of MSCs in tissue engineering is relatively limited because it is difficult to guide their differentiation toward a specific cell lineage by using traditional biochemical factors. Besides biochemical factors, the differentiation of MSCs also influenced by biophysical cues. To this end, much effort has been devoted to directing the cell lineage decisions of MSCs through adjusting the biophysical properties of biomaterials. The surface topography of the biomaterial-based scaffold can modulate the proliferation and differentiation of MSCs. Presently, the development of micro- and nano-fabrication techniques has made it possible to control the surface topography of the scaffold precisely. In this review, we highlight and discuss how the main topographical features (i.e., roughness, patterns, and porosity) are an efficient approach to control the fate of MSCs and the application of topography in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leticia Hosta-Rigau
- DTU Health Tech, Centre for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Technical University of Denmark, Nils Koppels Allé, Building 423, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark;
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22
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Ye G, Bao F, Zhang X, Song Z, Liao Y, Fei Y, Bunpetch V, Heng BC, Shen W, Liu H, Zhou J, Ouyang H. Nanomaterial-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and regeneration. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1995-2017. [PMID: 32812486 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of bone tissue injuries has been increasing rapidly in recent years, making it imperative to develop suitable bone grafts for facilitating bone tissue regeneration. It has been demonstrated that nanomaterials/nanocomposites scaffolds can more effectively promote new bone tissue formation compared with micromaterials. This may be attributed to their nanoscaled structural and topological features that better mimic the physiological characteristics of natural bone tissue. In this review, we examined the current applications of various nanomaterial/nanocomposite scaffolds and different topological structures for bone tissue engineering, as well as the underlying mechanisms of regeneration. The potential risks and toxicity of nanomaterials will also be critically discussed. Finally, some considerations for the clinical applications of nanomaterials/nanocomposites scaffolds for bone tissue engineering are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Ye
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Fangyuan Bao
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xianzhu Zhang
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhe Song
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Youguo Liao
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yang Fei
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Varitsara Bunpetch
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Boon Chin Heng
- School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hua Liu
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, PR China
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23
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Zhang B, Li R, Wang W, Zhou X, Luo B, Zhu Z, Zhang X, Ding A. The role of WNT1 mutant variant (WNT1 c.677C>T ) in osteogenesis imperfecta. Ann Hum Genet 2020; 84:447-455. [PMID: 32757296 PMCID: PMC7590185 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also known as "brittle bone disease," is a rare inherited genetic disorder characterized by bone fragility and often associated with short stature. The mutation in WNT1 causes autosomal recessive OI (AR-OI) due to the key role of WNT/β-catenin signaling in bone formation. WNT1 mutations cause phenotypes in OI of varying degrees of clinical severity, ranging from moderate to progressively deforming forms. The nucleotide change c.677C > T is one of the recurrent variants in the WNT1 alleles in Chinese AR-OI patients. To explore the effects of mutation c.677C > T on WNT1 function, we evaluated the activation of WNT/β-catenin signaling, cell proliferation, osteoblast differentiation, and osteoclast differentiation in WNT1c.677C>T , WNT1c.884C>A , and wild type WNT1 transfected into MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. Plasmids containing wild type WNT1, WNT1c.677C>T , and WNT1c.884C>A cDNAs were constructed. Protein levels of phosphorylation at serine 9 of GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β), GSK-3β, nonphosphorylated β-catenin (non-p-β-catenin), and β-catenin were detected with western blot. Cell proliferation was determined using MTS. BMP-2 and RANKL mRNA and protein levels were detected by qPCR and western blot. Our results showed that WNT1c.677C>T failed to activate WNT/β-catenin signaling and impaired the proliferation of preosteoblasts. Moreover, compared to wild type WNT1, WNT1c.677C>T downregulated BMP-2 protein expression and was exhibited a diminished capacity to suppress the RANKL protein level. In conclusion, mutation c.677C > T hindered the ability of WNT1 to induce the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway and it affected the WNT/β-catenin pathway which might potentially contribute to hampered bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashan Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Rong Li
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wenfeng Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xueming Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Beijing Luo
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Zinian Zhu
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xibo Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Aijiao Ding
- Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Dongguan People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, China
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24
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Ohsugi Y, Katagiri S, Hirota T, Niimi H, Hatasa M, Watanabe K, Shimohira T, Mizutani K, Kitazawa M, Matsuzawa A, Kadokura H, Yokose S, Iwata T, Aoki A. Laser irradiation decreases sclerostin expression in bone and osteogenic cells. FASEB J 2020; 34:12877-12893. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001032r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Ohsugi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Sayaka Katagiri
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Hirota
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Research Center for Medical Science The Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiromi Niimi
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Masahiro Hatasa
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Kazuki Watanabe
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shimohira
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Koji Mizutani
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Moe Kitazawa
- Department of Epigenetics, Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Ayumi Matsuzawa
- Department of Epigenetics, Medical Research Institute Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kadokura
- Division of Endodontic and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative and Biomaterials Sciences, School of Dentistry Meikai University Saitama Japan
| | - Satoshi Yokose
- Division of Endodontic and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative and Biomaterials Sciences, School of Dentistry Meikai University Saitama Japan
| | - Takanori Iwata
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
| | - Akira Aoki
- Department of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) Tokyo Japan
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25
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Sharieh F, Eby JM, Roper PM, Callaci JJ. Ethanol Inhibits Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteochondral Lineage Differentiation Due in Part to an Activation of Forkhead Box Protein O-Specific Signaling. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:1204-1213. [PMID: 32304578 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During bone fracture repair, resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) differentiate into chondrocytes, to form a cartilaginous fracture callus, and osteoblasts, to ossify the collagen matrix. Our laboratory previously reported that alcohol administration led to decreased cartilage formation within the fracture callus of rodents and this effect was mitigated by postfracture antioxidant treatment. Forkhead box protein O (FoxO) transcription factors are activated in response to intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and alcohol has been shown to increase ROS. Activation of FoxOs has also been shown to inhibit canonical Wnt signaling, a necessary pathway for MSC differentiation. These findings have led to our hypothesis that alcohol exposure decreases osteochondrogenic differentiation of MSCs through the activation of FoxOs. METHODS Primary rat MSCs were treated with ethanol (EtOH) and assayed for FoxO expression, FoxO activation, and downstream target expression. Next, MSCs were differentiated toward osteogenic or chondrogenic lineages in the presence of 50 mM EtOH and alterations in osteochondral lineage marker expression were determined. Lastly, osteochondral differentiation experiments were repeated with FoxO1/3 knockdown or with FoxO1/3 inhibitor AS1842856 and osteochondral lineage marker expression was determined. RESULTS EtOH increased the expression of FoxO3a at mRNA and protein levels in primary cultured MSCs. This was accompanied by an increase in FoxO1 nuclear localization, FoxO1 activation, and downstream catalase expression. Moreover, EtOH exposure decreased expression of osteogenic and chondrogenic lineage markers. FoxO1/3 knockdown restored proosteogenic and prochondrogenic lineage marker expression in the presence of 50 mM EtOH. However, FoxO1/3 inhibitor only restored proosteogenic lineage marker expression. CONCLUSIONS These data show that EtOH has the ability to inhibit MSC differentiation, and this ability may rely, at least partially, on the activation of FoxO transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Sharieh
- From the, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, (FS, JME, PMR, JJC), Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois.,Alcohol Research Program (ARP), (FS, JME, PMR, JJC), Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Jonathan M Eby
- From the, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, (FS, JME, PMR, JJC), Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois.,Alcohol Research Program (ARP), (FS, JME, PMR, JJC), Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Philip M Roper
- From the, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, (FS, JME, PMR, JJC), Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois.,Alcohol Research Program (ARP), (FS, JME, PMR, JJC), Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - John J Callaci
- From the, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, (FS, JME, PMR, JJC), Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois.,Alcohol Research Program (ARP), (FS, JME, PMR, JJC), Loyola University Chicago Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
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26
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Wu W, Xiao Z, Chen Y, Deng Y, Zeng D, Liu Y, Huang F, Wang J, Liu Y, Bellanti JA, Rong L, Zheng SG. CD39 Produced from Human GMSCs Regulates the Balance of Osteoclasts and Osteoblasts through the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Osteoporosis. Mol Ther 2020; 28:1518-1532. [PMID: 32304668 PMCID: PMC7264439 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a disease in which the density and quality of bone are reduced, causing bones to become weak and so brittle that a fall or even mild stresses can cause a fracture. Current drug treatment consists mainly of antiresorptive agents that are unable to stimulate new bone formation. Our recent studies have defined a critical role of gingiva-derived mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) in attenuating autoimmune arthritis through inhibition of osteoclast formation and activities, but it remains to be ruled out whether the administration of GMSCs to patients with osteoporosis could also regulate osteoblasts and eventually affect bone formation and protection. With the use of an ovariectomized mouse model, we here demonstrated that adoptive transfer of GMSCs regulated the balance of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, eventually contributing to dynamic bone formation. Validation by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), single-cell sequencing, revealed a unique population of CD39+ GMSC that plays an important role in promoting bone formation. We further demonstrated that CD39 produced from GMSC exerted its osteogenic capacity through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Our results not only establish a previously unidentified role and mechanism of GMSC for bone promotion but also a potential therapeutic target for management of patients with osteoporosis and other bone loss conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Wu
- Department of Clinical Immunology Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Zexiu Xiao
- Department of Clinical Immunology Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yanan Deng
- Department of Clinical Immunology Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Donglan Zeng
- Department of Clinical Immunology Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Clinical Immunology Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Clinical Immunology Center, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Julie Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yanying Liu
- Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Joseph A Bellanti
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology-Immunology and the International Center for Interdisciplinary Studies of Immunology (ICISI), Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Limin Rong
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Song Guo Zheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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27
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Liu Y, Fang J, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Cao Y, Chen W, Shao Z, Yang S, Wu D, Hung M, Zhang Y, Tong W, Tian H. Wnt10b-overexpressing umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells promote critical size rat calvarial defect healing by enhanced osteogenesis and VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. J Orthop Translat 2020; 23:29-37. [PMID: 32477867 PMCID: PMC7248289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives Accelerating the process of bone regeneration is of great interest for surgeons and basic scientists alike. Recently, umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) are considered clinically applicable for tissue regeneration due to their noninvasive harvesting and better viability. Nonetheless, the bone regenerative ability of human UCMSCs (HUCMSCs) is largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether Wnt10b-overexpressing HUCMSCs have enhanced bone regeneration ability in a rat model. Method A rat calvarial defect was performed on 8-week old male Sprague Dawley rats. Commercially purchased HUCMSCsEmp in hydrogel, HUCMSCsWnt10b in hydrogel and HUCMSCsWnt10b with IWR-1 were placed in the calvarial bone defect right after surgery on rats (N = 8 rats for each group). Calvaria were harvested for micro-CT analysis and histology four weeks after surgery. CFU-F and multi-differentiation assay by oil red staining, alizarin red staining and RT-PCR (real-time polymerase chain reaction) were performed on HUCMSCsEmp and HUCMSCsWnt10bin vitro. Conditioned media from HUCMSCsEmp and HUCMSCsWnt10b were collected and used to treat human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells in Matrigel to access vessel formation capacity by tube formation assay. Results Alizarin red staining, oil red staining and RT-PCR results showed robust osteogenic differentiation but poor adipogenic differentiation ability of HUCMSCsWnt10b. Furthermore, HUCMSCsWnt10b could accelerate bone defect healing, which was likely due to enhanced angiogenesis after the HUCMSCsWnt10b treatment, because more CD31+ vessels and increased vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) expression were observed, compared with the HUCMSCsEmp treatment. Conditioned media from HUCMSCsWnt10b also induced endothelial cells to form vessel tubes in a tube formation assay, which could be abolished by SU5416, an angiogenesis inhibitor. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first study providing empirical evidence that HUCMSCsWnt10b can enhance their ability to heal calvarial bone defects via VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. The translational potential of this article HUCMSCsWnt10b can accelerate critical size calvaria and are a new promising therapeutic cell source for fracture nonunion healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Jiarui Fang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Yulin Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139, Ziqiang Road, Shi Jiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Zengwu Shao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Dongcheng Wu
- Wuhan Hamilton Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Wuhan, Hubei, 430075, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, China
| | - Man Hung
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, 10984 S River Front Pkwy, South Jordan, UT, 84095, USA
| | - Yingze Zhang
- The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 139, Ziqiang Road, Shi Jiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Wei Tong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
| | - Hongtao Tian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277, Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei, 430022, China
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28
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Šumová B, Cerezo LA, Hulejová H, Prajzlerová K, Tomčík M, Bubová K, Štěpán J, Filková M, Kropáčková T, Grigorian M, Pavelka K, Vencovský J, Šenolt L. S100A4 is elevated in axial spondyloarthritis: a potential link to disease severity. BMC Rheumatol 2020; 4:13. [PMID: 32021963 PMCID: PMC6993388 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-019-0110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background S100A4 is a member of calcium binding S100 protein family well known for its role in cancer progression and metastasis. Nevertheless, S100A4 also serves as a negative regulator of bone formation. Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1), marker of bone remodelling, is also implicated in the process of syndesmophyte formation in ankylosing spondylitis. The aim of our study was to evaluate plasma levels of S100A4 in patients with axial spondyloarthritis and to determine the potential association of S100A4 with disease severity, clinical manifestations and with bone changes in a cross-sectional study. Methods Fifty-eight patients with axial spondyloarthritis and 40 healthy controls were studied. Biological samples were analysed for S100A4 and Dickkopf-1. Disease activity was assessed according to the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index. C-reactive protein (CRP) was used as a marker of inflammation. Radiographic damage was assessed using the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS). Results The plasma levels of S100A4 were significantly higher in patients with axial spondyloarthritis compared to heathy controls (p < 0.0001). The levels of S100A4 were higher in early stages of the disease and lower in patients with the presence of syndesmophytes (p = 0.009). Furthermore, we found weak but significant inverse correlation of plasma S100A4 with the mSASSS (r = − 0.363, p = 0.030). Levels of S100A4 were negatively associated with disease duration (r = − 0.404, p = 0.002) and positively with Dickkopf-1 binding capacity (r = 0.312, p = 0.023). Conclusions This is the first study showing elevated circulating levels of S100A4 in patients with axial spondyloarthritis, particularly in early stages of the disease prior to spinal involvement, and its significantly lower levels in patients with syndesmophytes. The role of S100A4 in the pathogenesis of axial spondyloarthritis can be suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Klára Prajzlerová
- 1Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic.,2Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Tomčík
- 1Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic.,2Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Bubová
- 1Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic.,2Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Štěpán
- 1Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic.,2Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mária Filková
- 1Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic.,2Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Kropáčková
- 1Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic.,2Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mariam Grigorian
- 3Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karel Pavelka
- 1Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic.,2Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Vencovský
- 1Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic.,2Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Šenolt
- 1Institute of Rheumatology, Prague, Czech Republic.,2Department of Rheumatology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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29
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Raimondo D, Remoli C, Astrologo L, Burla R, La Torre M, Vernì F, Tagliafico E, Corsi A, Del Giudice S, Persichetti A, Giannicola G, Robey PG, Riminucci M, Saggio I. Changes in gene expression in human skeletal stem cells transduced with constitutively active Gsα correlates with hallmark histopathological changes seen in fibrous dysplastic bone. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227279. [PMID: 31999703 PMCID: PMC6991960 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrous dysplasia (FD) of bone is a complex disease of the skeleton caused by dominant activating mutations of the GNAS locus encoding for the α subunit of the G protein-coupled receptor complex (Gsα). The mutation involves a substitution of arginine at position 201 by histidine or cysteine (GsαR201H or R201C), which leads to overproduction of cAMP. Several signaling pathways are implicated downstream of excess cAMP in the manifestation of disease. However, the pathogenesis of FD remains largely unknown. The overall FD phenotype can be attributed to alterations of skeletal stem/progenitor cells which normally develop into osteogenic or adipogenic cells (in cis), and are also known to provide support to angiogenesis, hematopoiesis, and osteoclastogenesis (in trans). In order to dissect the molecular pathways rooted in skeletal stem/progenitor cells by FD mutations, we engineered human skeletal stem/progenitor cells with the GsαR201C mutation and performed transcriptomic analysis. Our data suggest that this FD mutation profoundly alters the properties of skeletal stem/progenitor cells by pushing them towards formation of disorganized bone with a concomitant alteration of adipogenic differentiation. In addition, the mutation creates an altered in trans environment that induces neovascularization, cytokine/chemokine changes and osteoclastogenesis. In silico comparison of our data with the signature of FD craniofacial samples highlighted common traits, such as the upregulation of ADAM (A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease) proteins and other matrix-related factors, and of PDE7B (Phosphodiesterase 7B), which can be considered as a buffering process, activated to compensate for excess cAMP. We also observed high levels of CEBPs (CCAAT-Enhancer Binding Proteins) in both data sets, factors related to browning of white fat. This is the first analysis of the reaction of human skeletal stem/progenitor cells to the introduction of the FD mutation and we believe it provides a useful background for further studies on the molecular basis of the disease and for the identification of novel potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Raimondo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Remoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Letizia Astrologo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Burla
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia La Torre
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fiammetta Vernì
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Tagliafico
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Corsi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Del Giudice
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Persichetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannicola
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Pamela G. Robey
- National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Mara Riminucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- * E-mail: (IS); (MR)
| | - Isabella Saggio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- School of Biological Sciences, NTU Institute of Structural Biology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- * E-mail: (IS); (MR)
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30
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Wang N, Niger C, Li N, Richards GO, Skerry TM. Cross-Species RNA-Seq Study Comparing Transcriptomes of Enriched Osteocyte Populations in the Tibia and Skull. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:581002. [PMID: 33071985 PMCID: PMC7543096 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.581002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Local site-specific differences between bones in different regions of the skeleton account for their different properties and functions. To identify mechanisms behind these differences, we have performed a cross-species study comparing RNA transcriptomes of cranial and tibial osteocytes, from bones with very different primary functions and physiological responses, collected from the same individual mouse, rat, and rhesus macaque. Bioinformatic analysis was performed to identify 32 genes changed in the same direction between sites and shared across all three species. Several well-established key genes in bone growth and remodeling were upregulated in the tibias of all three species (BMP7, DKK1, FGF1, FRZB, SOST). Many of them associate or crosstalk with the Wnt signaling pathway. These results suggest Wnt signaling-related candidates for different control of regulatory mechanisms in bone homeostasis in the skull and tibia and indicate a different balance between genetically determined structure and feedback mechanisms to strains induced by mechanical loading at the different sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Corinne Niger
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth O. Richards
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Tim M. Skerry
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Mellanby Centre for Bone Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Tim M. Skerry
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Wang X, Li D, Song S, Zhang Y, Li Y, Wang X, Liu D, Zhang C, Cao Y, Fu Y, Han R, Li W, Liu X, Sun G, Li G, Tian Y, Li Z, Kang X. Combined transcriptomics and proteomics forecast analysis for potential genes regulating the Columbian plumage color in chickens. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210850. [PMID: 31693656 PMCID: PMC6834273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coloration is one of the most recognizable characteristics in chickens, and clarifying the coloration mechanisms will help us understand feather color formation. "Yufen I" is a commercial egg-laying chicken breed in China that was developed by a three-line cross using lines H, N and D. Columbian plumage is a typical feather character of the "Yufen I" H line. To elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the pigmentation of Columbian plumage, this study utilizes high-throughput sequencing technology to compare the transcriptome and proteome differences in the follicular tissue of different feathers, including the dorsal neck with black and white striped feather follicles (Group A) and the ventral neck with white feather follicles (Group B) in the "Yufen I" H line. RESULTS In this study, we identified a total of 21,306 genes and 5,203 proteins in chicken feather follicles. Among these, 209 genes and 382 proteins were differentially expressed in two locations, Group A and Group B, respectively. A total of 8 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 9 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were found to be involved in the melanogenesis pathway. Additionally, a specifically expressed MED23 gene and a differentially expressed GNAQ protein were involved in melanin synthesis. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis mapped 190 DEGs and 322 DEPs to 175 and 242 pathways, respectively, and there were 166 pathways correlated with both DEGs and DEPs. 49 DEPs/DEGs overlapped and were enriched for 12 pathways. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed that the following pathways were activated: melanogenesis, cardiomyocyte adrenergic, calcium and cGMP-PKG. The expression of DEGs was validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) that produced results similar to those from RNA-seq. In addition, we found that the expression of the MED23, FZD10, WNT7B and WNT11 genes peaked at approximately 8 weeks in the "Yufen I" H line, which is consistent with the molting cycle. As both groups showed significant differences in terms of the expression of the studied genes, this work opens up avenues for research in the future to assess their exact function in determining plumage color. CONCLUSION Common DEGs and DEPs were enriched in the melanogenesis pathway. MED23 and GNAQ were also reported to play a crucial role in melanin synthesis. In addition, this study is the first to reveal gene and protein variations in in the "Yufen I" H line during Columbian feather color development and to discover principal genes and proteins that will aid in functional genomics studies in the future. The results of the present study provide a significant conceptual basis for the future breeding schemes with the "Yufen I" H line and provide a basis for research on the mechanisms of feather pigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Donghua Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Sufang Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanhua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yuanfang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangnan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Danli Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Chenxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yanfang Cao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yawei Fu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Ruili Han
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wenting Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guirong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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32
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Fan J, An X, Yang Y, Xu H, Fan L, Deng L, Li T, Weng X, Zhang J, Chunhua Zhao R. MiR-1292 Targets FZD4 to Regulate Senescence and Osteogenic Differentiation of Stem Cells in TE/SJ/Mesenchymal Tissue System via the Wnt/β-catenin Pathway. Aging Dis 2018; 9:1103-1121. [PMID: 30574422 PMCID: PMC6284756 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.1110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the expansion of the elderly population, age-related osteoporosis and the resulting bone loss have become a significant health and socioeconomic issue. In Triple Energizer (TE)/San Jiao (SJ)/mesenchymal tissue system, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) senescence, and impaired osteogenesis are thought to contribute to age-related diseases such as osteoporosis. Therefore, comprehending the molecular mechanisms underlying MSC senescence and osteogenesis is essential to improve the treatment of bone metabolic diseases. With the increasing role of miRNAs in MSC aging and osteogenic differentiation, we need to understand further how miRNAs participate in relevant mechanisms. In this study, we observed that the expression of miR-1292 was augmented during cellular senescence and lessened with osteogenesis in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs). miR-1292 expression was positively correlated with senescence markers and negatively associated with bone formation markers in clinical bone samples. Overexpression of miR-1292 notably accelerated hADSC senescence and restrained osteogenesis, whereas its knockdown decreased senescence and enhanced osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, miR-1292 upregulation inhibited ectopic bone formation in vivo. Mechanistically, FZD4 was identified as a potential target of miR-1292. Downregulation of FZD4 phenocopied the effect of miR-1292 overexpression on hADSC senescence and osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, the impact of miR-1292 suppression on senescence and osteogenesis were reversed by the FZD4 knockdown. Pathway analysis revealed that miR-1292 regulates hADSC senescence and osteogenesis through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Thus, TE/SJ/mesenchymal tissue system is the largest organ composed of various functional cells derived from mesoderm, responsible for maintaining homeostasis and regulating cell senescence. miR-1292 might serve as a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis or other diseases related to bone metabolism and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfen Fan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, China.
| | - Xingyan An
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, China.
| | - Yanlei Yang
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, China.
| | - Haoying Xu
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, China.
| | - Linyuan Fan
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, China.
| | - Luchan Deng
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Research Center on Pediatric Development and Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Beijing, China
| | - Robert Chunhua Zhao
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Center of Excellence in Tissue Engineering Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory (No. BZO381), Beijing, China.
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33
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Choi HK, Yuan H, Fang F, Wei X, Liu L, Li Q, Guan JL, Liu F. Tsc1 Regulates the Balance Between Osteoblast and Adipocyte Differentiation Through Autophagy/Notch1/β-Catenin Cascade. J Bone Miner Res 2018; 33:2021-2034. [PMID: 29924882 PMCID: PMC6248888 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
A reduction in trabecular bone mass is often associated with an increase in marrow fat in osteoporotic bones. The molecular mechanisms underlying this inverse correlation are incompletely understood. Here, we report that mice lacking tuberous sclerosis 1 (Tsc1) in Osterix-expressing cells had a significant decrease in trabecular bone mass characterized by decreased osteoblastogenesis, increased osteoclastogenesis, and increased bone marrow adiposity in vivo. In vitro study showed that Tsc1-deficient bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) had decreased proliferation, decreased osteogenic differentiation, and increased adipogenic differentiation in association with the downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Mechanistically, TSC1 deficiency led to autophagy suppression and consequent Notch1 protein increase, which mediated the GSK3β-independent β-catenin degradation. Together, our results indicate that Tsc1 controls the balance between osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation of BMSCs. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Kyoung Choi
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Hebao Yuan
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaoxi Wei
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Orthodontics, Jilin University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jun-Lin Guan
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Division of Prosthodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Lu CL, Shyu JF, Wu CC, Hung CF, Liao MT, Liu WC, Zheng CM, Hou YC, Lin YF, Lu KC. Association of Anabolic Effect of Calcitriol with Osteoclast-Derived Wnt 10b Secretion. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10091164. [PMID: 30149605 PMCID: PMC6164019 DOI: 10.3390/nu10091164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Canonical Wnt (Wingless/Integrated) signaling is crucial in bone development and the Wnt ligand can promote osteoblast differentiation from mesenchymal progenitor cells. Calcitriol, an active vitamin D3, is used clinically for treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The bone effects of calcitriol in SHPT remains uncertain. We hypothesized that calcitriol improves bone mass by suppressing osteoclast activity, and simultaneously promoting Wnt ligand secretion. We designed a cross-sectional study in maintenance hemodialysis patients to explore the effects of calcitriol on different bone turnover markers and specifically emphasized the Wnt 10b levels. Then, we explored the source of Wnt 10b secretion by using osteoclasts and osteoblasts treated with calcitriol in cell culture studies. Finally, we explored the effects of calcitriol on bone microarchitectures in CKD mice, using the 5/6 nephrectomy CKD animal model with analysis using micro-computed tomography. Calcitriol promoted the growth of both trabecular and cortical bones in the CKD mice. Wnt 10b and Procollagen 1 N-terminal Propeptide (P1NP) significantly increased, but Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (Trap 5b) significantly decreased in the calcitriol-treated maintenance hemodialysis patients. Calcitriol enhanced Wnt 10b secretion from osteoclasts in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of SHPT with calcitriol improved the bone anabolism by inhibiting osteoclasts and promoting osteoblasts that might be achieved by increasing the Wnt 10b level.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Anabolic Agents/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Bone Remodeling/drug effects
- Calcitriol/therapeutic use
- Cells, Cultured
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Humans
- Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/drug therapy
- Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/etiology
- Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/metabolism
- Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary/physiopathology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Middle Aged
- Osteoblasts/drug effects
- Osteoblasts/metabolism
- Osteoclasts/drug effects
- Osteoclasts/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Renal Dialysis
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/metabolism
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/physiopathology
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy
- Secretory Pathway/drug effects
- Wnt Proteins/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Lin Lu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
| | - Jia-Fwu Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Biology and Anatomy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Chao Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Feng Hung
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 262, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Tser Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 325, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chih Liu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taichung City 433, Taiwan.
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11103, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chou Hou
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Cardinal-Tien Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 23155, Taiwan.
| | - Yuh-Feng Lin
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11103, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City 235, Taiwan.
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan.
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan.
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35
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Zhang L, Chang L, Xu J, Meyers CA, Yan N, Zou E, Ding C, Ting K, Soo C, Pang S, James AW. Frontal Bone Healing Is Sensitive to Wnt Signaling Inhibition via Lentiviral-Encoded Beta-Catenin Short Hairpin RNA. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1742-1752. [PMID: 29929440 PMCID: PMC6302677 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays an integral role in skeletal biology, spanning from embryonic skeletal patterning through bone maintenance and bone repair. Most experimental methods to antagonize Wnt signaling in vivo are either systemic or transient, including genetic approaches, use of small-molecule inhibitors, or neutralizing antibodies. We sought to develop a novel, localized model of prolonged Wnt/β-catenin signaling blockade by the application and validation of a lentivirus encoding β-catenin short hairpin RNA (shRNA). Efficacy of lentiviral-encoded β-catenin shRNA was first confirmed in vitro using bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells, and in vivo using an intramedullary long bone injection model in NOD SCID mice. Next, the effects of β-catenin knockdown were assessed in a calvarial bone defect model, in which the frontal bone demonstrates enhanced bone healing associated with heightened Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Lentivirus encoding either β-catenin shRNA or random sequence shRNA with enhanced green fluorescent protein (control) was injected overlying the calvaria of NOD SCID mice and bone defects were created in either the frontal or parietal bones. Among mice treated with lentivirus encoding β-catenin shRNA, frontal bone defect healing was significantly reduced by all radiographic and histologic metrics. In contrast, parietal bone healing was minimally impacted by β-catenin shRNA. In aggregate, our data document the application and validation of a lentivirus encoding β-catenin shRNA model that represents an easily replicable tool for examining the importance of locoregional Wnt/β-catenin signaling in bone biology and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Leslie Chang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
| | - Jiajia Xu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Noah Yan
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Erin Zou
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Catherine Ding
- UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kang Ting
- UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, Los Angeles, California
- Division of Growth and Development and Section of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chia Soo
- UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, Los Angeles, California
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Shen Pang
- UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Aaron W. James
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- UCLA and Orthopaedic Hospital Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and the Orthopaedic Hospital Research Center, Los Angeles, California
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36
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Yamaguchi Y, Kumagai K, Imai S, Miyatake K, Saito T. Sclerostin is upregulated in the early stage of chondrogenic differentiation, but not required in endochondral ossification in vitro. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201839. [PMID: 30071108 PMCID: PMC6072128 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerostin is a potent inhibitor of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Wnt signaling pathways have multiple roles in the regulation of cartilage development, growth, and maintenance. This study focused on the role of sclerostin in the process of chondrogenic differentiation. We hypothesized that sclerostin is essential to induce chondrogenic differentiation and regulate endochondral ossification. ATDC5 cells were used to investigate chondrogenic differentiation and terminal calcification. During chondrogenic differentiation, intrinsic sclerostin was upregulated in the early stage, but downregulated in the late stage. Addition of sclerostin elevated expressions of Sox9 and Col2a1 (P<0.05) and reduced expressions of Runx2, Col10a1, MMP-3, MMP-13, and ADAMTS5 (P<0.05) through inhibition of the Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway (P<0.05). Terminal calcification was significantly inhibited by sclerostin (P<0.05). In contrast, deletion of sclerostin decreased expressions of Sox9 and Col2a1 (P<0.05), increased expressions of Runx2, Col10a1, MMP-3, and MMP-13 (P<0.05), and promoted terminal calcification (P<0.05). This study provides insights into the possible role of sclerostin in the regulation of chondrogenic differentiation. Sclerostin is upregulated in the early stage of chondrogenic differentiation, but is not required in endochondral ossification. Sclerostin is a candidate modulator for chondrogenic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuteru Yamaguchi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Muscloskeletal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Ken Kumagai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Muscloskeletal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Sosuke Imai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Muscloskeletal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuma Miyatake
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Muscloskeletal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Saito
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Muscloskeletal Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
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37
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Zhu JH, Liao YP, Li FS, Hu Y, Li Q, Ma Y, Wang H, Zhou Y, He BC, Su YX. Wnt11 promotes BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation through BMPs/Smads and p38 MAPK in mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:9462-9473. [PMID: 30010216 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9), as one of the most potent osteogenic factors, is a promising cytokine for bone tissue engineering. Wnt11 can regulate the development of the skeletal system and is related to high bone mass syndrome. However, the effect of Wnt11 on BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the relationship between Wnt11- and BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We recapitulated the osteogenic potential of BMP9 in C3H10T1/2 cells. The messenger RNA expression of Wnt11 is detectable in the available progenitor cells, and BMP9 can obviously increase the protein level of Wnt11 in these cells. Exogenous Wnt11 potentiates the effect of BMP9 on increasing alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, the expression of osteopontin (OPN), and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), so does matrix mineralization in C3H10T1/2 cells. Although Wnt11 cannot increase the BMP9-induced ectopic bone formation, it can increase the bone density induced by BMP9 apparently. Wnt11 increases the level of p-Smad1/5/8, as well as p-p38. Meanwhile, Wnt11 promotes the effect of BMP9 on increasing the levels of p-Smad1/5/8 and p-p38. Inhibition of p38 decreases the BMP9-induced ALP activities, the expression of OPN, and the mineralization in C3H10T1/2 cells. However, all of these effects of the p38 inhibitor on BMP9-induced osteogenic markers can be almost reversed by the overexpression of Wnt11. Our findings suggested that Wnt11 can enhance the osteogenic potential of BMP9 in MSCs, and this effect may be partly mediated through enhancing BMPs/Smads and the p38 MAPK signal, which was induced by BMP9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hui Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic, Children Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yun-Peng Liao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fu-Shu Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ya Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bai-Cheng He
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology of Chongqing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Xi Su
- Department of Orthopedic, Children Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China.,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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38
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Cai Z, Qian ZY, Jiang H, Ma N, Li Z, Liu LY, Ren XX, Shang YR, Wang JJ, Li JJ, Liu DP, Zhang XP, Feng D, Ni QZ, Feng YY, Li N, Zhou XY, Wang X, Bao Y, Zhang XL, Deng YZ, Xie D. hPCL3s Promotes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis by Activating β-Catenin Signaling. Cancer Res 2018; 78:2536-2549. [PMID: 29483096 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-0028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Two isoforms of human Polycomb-like protein 3 (hPCL3) have been reported as components of the nuclear Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2), with the short isoform (hPCL3s) showing a dominant cytoplasmic localization. The function of cytoplasmic hPCL3s has, however, not been addressed. In this study, we report that hPCL3s is upregulated in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples and its expression correlated with HCC clinical features. hPCL3s positively regulated the migration, invasion, and metastasis of HCC cells. hPCL3s interacted with components of the cytoplasmic β-catenin destruction complex, inhibited β-catenin degradation, and activated β-catenin/T-cell factor signaling. Downstream of the β-catenin cascade, IL6 mediated the motility-promoting functions of hPCL3s. Forced expression of hPCL3s in the liver of a HCC mouse model promoted tumorigenesis and metastasis. Taken together, these data show that hPCL3s promotes the metastasis of HCC by activating the β-catenin/IL6 pathway.Significance: hPCL3s has an oncogenic role in hepatocellular carcinoma by activating the β-catenin/IL6 signaling axis to promote metastasis. Cancer Res; 78(10); 2536-49. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Cai
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Qian
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Ma
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li-Yu Liu
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin-Xin Ren
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Rong Shang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dong-Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Ping Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Zhi Ni
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery VI, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Ying Bao
- Department of Surgery, First People's Hospital Affiliated, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Xue-Li Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Fengxian Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Zhen Deng
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Dong Xie
- Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. .,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
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39
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Kureel J, John AA, Prakash R, Singh D. MiR 376c inhibits osteoblastogenesis by targeting Wnt3 and ARF-GEF-1 -facilitated augmentation of beta-catenin transactivation. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:3293-3303. [PMID: 29125885 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Wnt signaling pathway plays important role in all aspects of skeletal development which include chondrogenesis, osteoblastogenesis, and osteoclastogenesis. Induction of the Wnt-3 signaling pathway promotes bone formation while inactivation of the pathway leads to bone related disorders like osteoporosis. Wnt signaling thus has become a desired target to treat osteogenic disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent an important category of elements that interact with Wnt signaling molecules to regulate osteogenesis. Here, we show that miR-376c, a well-characterized tumor suppressor which inhibits cell proliferation and invasion in osteosarcoma by targeting to transforming growth factor-alpha, suppresses osteoblast proliferation, and differentiation. Over-expression of miR-376c inhibited osteoblast differentiation, whereas inhibition of miR-376c function by antimiR-376c promoted expression of osteoblast-specific genes, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and matrix mineralization. Target prediction analysis tools and experimental validation by luciferase 3' UTR reporter assay along with qRT-PCR identified Wnt-3 and ARF-GEF-1 as direct targets of miR-376c. It was seen that over-expression of miR-376c leads to repression of canonical Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our overall results suggest that miR-376c targets Wnt-3 and ARF-GEF-1 suppresses ARF-6 activation which prevents the release of β-catenin and its transactivation thereby inhibiting osteoblast differentiation. Although miR-376c is known to be a tumor repressor; we have identified a second complementary function of miR-376c where it inhibits Wnt-3-mediated osteogenesis and promotes bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Kureel
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aijaz A John
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Prakash
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Divya Singh
- Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Research in Anabolic Skeletal Targets in Health and Illness (ASTHI), CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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40
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Boutsikas G, Terpos E, Papatheodorou A, Tsirkinidis P, Tsirigotis P, Meletiou A, Lalou E, Telonis V, Zannou A, Kanellopoulos A, Galani Z, Stefanou A, Tsaftaridis P, Viniou NA, Panayiotidis P, Kyrtsonis MC, Meletis J, Vassilakopoulos TP, Angelopoulou MK. Study of bone metabolism and angiogenesis in patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy/autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Eur J Haematol 2017; 100:131-139. [PMID: 29105864 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As the interaction between hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and endosteal and endothelial niches in HSCs homing is essential, we aimed to study bone turnover and angiogenesis in 29 patients with lymphoma/multiple myeloma undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). METHODS Serum samples were collected before high-dose chemotherapy (HDT), at the end of HDT, after HSC infusion, at the nadir of myelotoxicity, and at engraftment. Bone metabolism (CTX, TRACP-5b, bALP, OC, DKK1, RANKL, OPG), and angiogenesis (Ang1, Ang2) markers were measured. These markers were also measured in 21 control patients before and after conventional chemotherapy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Bone resorption declined during HSCT (decrease in TRACP-5b [P < .001] and CTX [P = .006]). Bone formation declined as well (decrease in bALP and OC [P < .001 for both]). RANKL/OPG ratio, an indicator of osteoclastic activation, did not change significantly (P = .5). Ang1/Ang2 ratio, a vessel equilibrium marker, decreased significantly (P < .001) suggesting endothelial destabilization. The changes observed in the control group were similar except of bALP and RANKL/OPG ratio. Moreover, Ang1/Ang2 ratio on the day after HSC infusion strongly correlated with time to neutrophil and platelet engraftment (P < .001 for both). Conclusively, bone turnover and vessel destabilization represent important events during HSCT probably reflecting the effect of chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Boutsikas
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Terpos
- Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Panayiotis Tsirigotis
- 2nd Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Meletiou
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Lalou
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Telonis
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Zannou
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Kanellopoulos
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Zacharoula Galani
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki Stefanou
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panayiotis Tsaftaridis
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nora-Athina Viniou
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Panayiotis Panayiotidis
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marie-Christine Kyrtsonis
- 1st Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - John Meletis
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros P Vassilakopoulos
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria K Angelopoulou
- Department of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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41
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Cepeda SB, Sandoval MJ, Rauschemberger MB, Massheimer VL. Beneficial role of the phytoestrogen genistein on vascular calcification. J Nutr Biochem 2017; 50:26-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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42
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Knockdown of SIRT7 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells partly via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e3042. [PMID: 28880264 PMCID: PMC5636975 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 07/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7) is a NAD+-dependent deacetylase in the sirtuin family. In a previous study, human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) with reduced SIRT7 activity were developed to evaluate the effect of SIRT7 on osteogenesis. SIRT7 knockdown significantly enhanced osteoblast-specific gene expression, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineral deposition in vitro. Additionally, SIRT7 knockdown upregulated β-catenin. The enhanced osteogenesis due to SIRT7 knockdown was partially rescued by a Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor. Furthermore, SIRT7 knockdown hBMSCs combined with a chitosan scaffold significantly promoted bone formation in a rat tibial defect model, as determined by imaging and histological examinations. These findings suggest that SIRT7 has an essential role in osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs, partly by activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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43
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Öztürk E, Despot-Slade E, Pichler M, Zenobi-Wong M. RhoA activation and nuclearization marks loss of chondrocyte phenotype in crosstalk with Wnt pathway. Exp Cell Res 2017; 360:113-124. [PMID: 28865751 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
De-differentiation comprises a major drawback for the use of autologous chondrocytes in cartilage repair. Here, we investigate the role of RhoA and canonical Wnt signaling in chondrocyte phenotype. Chondrocyte de-differentiation is accompanied by an upregulation and nuclear localization of RhoA. Effectors of canonical Wnt signaling including β-catenin and YAP/TAZ are upregulated in de-differentiating chondrocytes in a Rho-dependent manner. Inhibition of Rho activation with C3 transferase inhibits nuclear localization of RhoA, induces expression of chondrogenic markers on 2D and enhances the chondrogenic effect of 3D culturing. Upregulation of chondrogenic markers by Rho inhibition is accompanied by loss of canonical Wnt signaling markers in 3D or on 2D whereas treatment of chondrocytes with Wnt-3a abrogates this effect. However, induction of canonical Wnt signaling inhibits chondrogenic markers on 2D but enhances chondrogenic re-differentiation on 2D with C3 transferase or in 3D. These data provide insights on the context-dependent role of RhoA and Wnt signaling in de-differentiation and on mechanisms to induce chondrogenic markers for therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ece Öztürk
- Cartilage Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Evelin Despot-Slade
- Cartilage Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Pichler
- Cartilage Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marcy Zenobi-Wong
- Cartilage Engineering + Regeneration Laboratory, ETH Zurich, Otto-Stern-Weg 7, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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44
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Lin DPL, Carnagarin R, Dharmarajan A, Dass CR. Transdifferentiation of myoblasts into osteoblasts – possible use for bone therapy. J Pharm Pharmacol 2017; 69:1661-1671. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Transdifferentiation is defined as the conversion of one cell type to another and is an ever-expanding field with a growing number of cells found to be capable of such a process. To date, the fact remains that there are limited treatment options for fracture healing, osteoporosis and bone repair post-destruction by bone tumours. Hence, this review focuses on the transdifferentiation of myoblast to osteoblast as a means to further understand the transdifferentiation process and to investigate a potential therapeutic option if successful.
Key findings
The potent osteoinductive effects of the bone morphogenetic protein-2 are largely implicated in the transdifferentiation of myoblast to osteoblast. Bone morphogenetic protein-2-induced activation of the Smad1 protein ultimately results in JunB synthesis, the first transcriptional step in myoblast dedifferentiation. The upregulation of the activating protein-1 binding activity triggers the transcription of the runt-related transcription factor 2 gene, a transcription factor that plays a major role in osteoblast differentiation.
Summary
This potential transdifferentiation treatment may be utilised for dental implants, fracture healing, osteoporosis and bone repair post-destruction by bone tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne P L Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Revathy Carnagarin
- School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Arun Dharmarajan
- School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Crispin R Dass
- School of Pharmacy, Curtin University, Bentley, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, Perth, WA, Australia
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45
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Brunetti G, Faienza MF, Colaianni G, Grano M, Colucci S. Mechanisms of Altered Bone Remodeling in Multiple Myeloma. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12018-017-9236-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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46
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Corrado A, Sanpaolo ER, Di Bello S, Cantatore FP. Osteoblast as a target of anti-osteoporotic treatment. Postgrad Med 2017; 129:858-865. [PMID: 28770650 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2017.1362312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblasts are mesenchymal cells that play a key role in maintaining bone homeostasis; they are responsible for the production of extracellular matrix proteins, regulation of matrix mineralization, control of bone remodeling and regulate osteoclast differentiation. Osteoblasts have an essential role in the pathogenesis of many bone diseases, particularly osteoporosis. For many decades, the main current available treatments for osteoporosis have been represented by anti-resorptive drugs, such as bisphosphonates, which act mainly by inhibiting osteoclasts maturation, proliferation and activity; nevertheless, in recent years much attention has been paid on anabolic aspects of osteoporosis treatment. Many experimental evidences support the hypothesis of direct effects of the classical anti-resorptive drugs also on osteoblasts, and recent progress in understanding bone physiology have led to the development of new pharmacological agents such as anti-sclerostin antibodies and teriparatide which directly target osteoblasts, inducing anabolic effects and promoting bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Addolorata Corrado
- a Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Eliana Rita Sanpaolo
- a Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Silvana Di Bello
- a Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Cantatore
- a Rheumatology Clinic Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences , University of Foggia , Foggia , Italy
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47
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Bai D, Cong S, Zhu LP. Attenuation of Focal Adhesion Kinase Reduces Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation Injury through Inactivation of the Wnt and NF-κB Pathways in A549 Cells. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 82:446-453. [PMID: 28371601 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917040058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Overall analysis and understanding of mechanisms are of great importance for treatment of infantile pneumonia due to its high morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this study, we preliminarily explored the function and mechanism of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) in regulation of inflammatory response induced by lipopolysaccharides in A549 cells. Flow cytometry, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot analysis were used to explore the correlation of FAK expression with cell apoptosis, viability, and the inflammatory cytokine activity in A549 cells. The results showed that knockdown of FAK enhanced cell viability, suppressed apoptosis, and decreased inflammatory cytokine activity. In addition, downregulation of FAK could activate the Wnt and nuclear factor κB signaling pathways. These findings suggest that FAK might be involved in progression of infantile pneumonia and could be a new therapeutic target for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bai
- Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Jining, 272011, China.
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48
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Ciurlia E, Leali PT, Doria C. Use of teriparatide off-label: our experience and review of literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 14:28-34. [PMID: 28740522 DOI: 10.11138/ccmbm/2017.14.1.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to report our experience and to present a review of literature about the use of teriparatide off-label in the therapy of non-unions. Teriparatide is used exclusively in treatment of osteoporosis and to prevent bone fracture because it has a positive effect on bone strength and architecture. The use of teriparatide in non-unions is described as effective in numerous case report.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlo Doria
- Orthopaedic Department, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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49
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Reprogramming of Dermal Fibroblasts into Osteo-Chondrogenic Cells with Elevated Osteogenic Potency by Defined Transcription Factors. Stem Cell Reports 2017; 8:1587-1599. [PMID: 28528696 PMCID: PMC5470079 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2017.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies using defined transcription factors to convert skin fibroblasts into chondrocytes have raised the question of whether osteo-chondroprogenitors expressing SOX9 and RUNX2 could also be generated during the course of the reprogramming process. Here, we demonstrated that doxycycline-inducible expression of reprogramming factors (KLF4 [K] and c-MYC [M]) for 6 days were sufficient to convert murine fibroblasts into SOX9+/RUNX2+ cellular aggregates and together with SOX9 (S) promoted the conversion efficiency when cultured in a defined stem cell medium, mTeSR. KMS-reprogrammed cells possess gene expression profiles akin to those of native osteo-chondroprogenitors with elevated osteogenic properties and can differentiate into osteoblasts and chondrocytes in vitro, but form bone tissue upon transplantation under the skin and in the fracture site of mouse tibia. Altogether, we provide a reprogramming strategy to enable efficient derivation of osteo-chondrogenic cells that may hold promise for cell replacement therapy not limited to cartilage but also for bone tissues. SOX9+/RUNX2+ nodules are generated during the course of chondrogenic reprogramming SOX9+/RUNX2+ nodules exhibit gene expression profiles of osteo-chondroprogenitors Osteo-chondrogenic cells differentiate into chondrocytes and osteoblasts in vitro Osteo-chondrogenic cells acquire elevated osteogenic potency in vivo
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50
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Li G, Song Y, Shi M, Du Y, Wang W, Zhang Y. Mechanisms of Cdc42-mediated rat MSC differentiation on micro/nano-textured topography. Acta Biomater 2017; 49:235-246. [PMID: 27890731 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.11.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Micro/nano-textured titanium surface topography promotes osteoblast differentiation and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. However, the response of rat bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to micro/nano-textured topography, and the underlying mechanisms of its effects, are not well understood. We hypothesized that cell division cycle 42 protein (Cdc42), a key member of the Rho GTPases family, may regulate rat MSCs morphology and osteogenic differentiation by micro/nano-textured topography, and that crosstalk between Cdc42 and Wnt/β-catenin is the underlying mechanism. To confirm the hypothesis, we first tested rat MSCs' morphology, cytoskeleton, and osteogenic differentiation on micro/nano-textured topography. We then examined the cells' Wnt pathway and Cdc42 signaling activity. The results show that micro/nano-textured topography enhances MSCs' osteogenic differentiation. In addition, the cells' morphology and cytoskeletal reorganization were dramatically different on smooth surfaces and micropitted/nanotubular topography. Ligands of the canonical Wnt pathway, as well as accumulation of β-catenin in the nucleus, were up-regulated by micro/nano-textured topography. Cdc42 protein expression was markedly increased under these conditions; conversely, Cdc42 silencing significantly depressed the enhancement of MSCs osteogenic differentiation by micro/nano-textured topography. Moreover, Cdc42si attenuated p-GSK3β activation and resulted in β-catenin cytoplasmic degradation on the micro/nano-textured topography. Our results indicate that Cdc42 is a key modulator of rat MSCs morphology and cytoskeletal reorganization, and that crosstalk between Cdc42 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling though GSK3β regulates MSCs osteogenic differentiation by implant topographical cues. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Topographical modification at micro- and nanoscale is widely applied to enhance the tissue integration properties of biomaterials. However, the response of bone mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to the micro/nano-textured topography and the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study shows that the micropitted/nanotubular hierarchical topography produced by etching and anodic oxidation treatment drives fusiform cell morphology, cytoskeletal reorganization as well as better MSCs osteogenic differentiation. The cross-talk between Cdc42 pathway and Wnt/β-catenin pathway though GSK3β modulates the osteoinductive effect of the micro/nano-textured topography on MSCs. This finding sheds light on a novel mechanism involved in micro/nano-textured surface-mediated MSCs osteogenic differentiation and is a major step in the development of new surface modifications aiming to accelerate and enhance the process of osseointegration.
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