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Cultured Myoblasts Derived from Rat Soleus Muscle Show Altered Regulation of Proliferation and Myogenesis during the Course of Mechanical Unloading. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169150. [PMID: 36012431 PMCID: PMC9409304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure and function of soleus muscle fibers undergo substantial remodeling under real or simulated microgravity conditions. However, unloading-induced changes in the functional activity of skeletal muscle primary myoblasts remain poorly studied. The purpose of our study was to investigate how short-term and long-term mechanical unloading would affect cultured myoblasts derived from rat soleus muscle. Mechanical unloading was simulated by rat hindlimb suspension model (HS). Myoblasts were purified from rat soleus at basal conditions and after 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of HS. Myoblasts were expanded in vitro, and the myogenic nature was confirmed by their ability to differentiate as well as by immunostaining/mRNA expression of myogenic markers. The proliferation activity at different time points after HS was analyzed, and transcriptome analysis was performed. We have shown that soleus-derived myoblasts differently respond to an early and later stage of HS. At the early stage of HS, the proliferative activity of myoblasts was slightly decreased, and processes related to myogenesis activation were downregulated. At the later stage of HS, we observed a decrease in myoblast proliferative potential and spontaneous upregulation of the pro-myogenic program.
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2
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Gerrard JC, Hay JP, Adams RN, Williams JC, Huot JR, Weathers KM, Marino JS, Arthur ST. Current Thoughts of Notch's Role in Myoblast Regulation and Muscle-Associated Disease. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182312558. [PMID: 34886282 PMCID: PMC8657396 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway Notch is unequivocally essential for embryogenesis. Notch’s contribution to the muscle repair process in adult tissue is complex and obscure but necessary. Notch integrates with other signals in a functional antagonist manner to direct myoblast activity and ultimately complete muscle repair. There is profound recent evidence describing plausible mechanisms of Notch in muscle repair. However, the story is not definitive as evidence is slowly emerging that negates Notch’s importance in myoblast proliferation. The purpose of this review article is to examine the prominent evidence and associated mechanisms of Notch’s contribution to the myogenic repair phases. In addition, we discuss the emerging roles of Notch in diseases associated with muscle atrophy. Understanding the mechanisms of Notch’s orchestration is useful for developing therapeutic targets for disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C. Gerrard
- Department of Applied Physiology, Health and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (J.C.G.); (J.P.H.); (R.N.A.); (J.C.W.III); (K.M.W.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Jamison P. Hay
- Department of Applied Physiology, Health and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (J.C.G.); (J.P.H.); (R.N.A.); (J.C.W.III); (K.M.W.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Ryan N. Adams
- Department of Applied Physiology, Health and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (J.C.G.); (J.P.H.); (R.N.A.); (J.C.W.III); (K.M.W.); (J.S.M.)
| | - James C. Williams
- Department of Applied Physiology, Health and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (J.C.G.); (J.P.H.); (R.N.A.); (J.C.W.III); (K.M.W.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Joshua R. Huot
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Kaitlin M. Weathers
- Department of Applied Physiology, Health and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (J.C.G.); (J.P.H.); (R.N.A.); (J.C.W.III); (K.M.W.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Joseph S. Marino
- Department of Applied Physiology, Health and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (J.C.G.); (J.P.H.); (R.N.A.); (J.C.W.III); (K.M.W.); (J.S.M.)
| | - Susan T. Arthur
- Department of Applied Physiology, Health and Clinical Sciences, University of North Carolina-Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA; (J.C.G.); (J.P.H.); (R.N.A.); (J.C.W.III); (K.M.W.); (J.S.M.)
- Correspondence:
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3
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Key Genes Regulating Skeletal Muscle Development and Growth in Farm Animals. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030835. [PMID: 33809500 PMCID: PMC7999090 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Skeletal muscle mass is an important economic trait, and muscle development and growth is a crucial factor to supply enough meat for human consumption. Thus, understanding (candidate) genes regulating skeletal muscle development is crucial for understanding molecular genetic regulation of muscle growth and can be benefit the meat industry toward the goal of increasing meat yields. During the past years, significant progress has been made for understanding these mechanisms, and thus, we decided to write a comprehensive review covering regulators and (candidate) genes crucial for muscle development and growth in farm animals. Detection of these genes and factors increases our understanding of muscle growth and development and is a great help for breeders to satisfy demands for meat production on a global scale. Abstract Farm-animal species play crucial roles in satisfying demands for meat on a global scale, and they are genetically being developed to enhance the efficiency of meat production. In particular, one of the important breeders’ aims is to increase skeletal muscle growth in farm animals. The enhancement of muscle development and growth is crucial to meet consumers’ demands regarding meat quality. Fetal skeletal muscle development involves myogenesis (with myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and fusion), fibrogenesis, and adipogenesis. Typically, myogenesis is regulated by a convoluted network of intrinsic and extrinsic factors monitored by myogenic regulatory factor genes in two or three phases, as well as genes that code for kinases. Marker-assisted selection relies on candidate genes related positively or negatively to muscle development and can be a strong supplement to classical selection strategies in farm animals. This comprehensive review covers important (candidate) genes that regulate muscle development and growth in farm animals (cattle, sheep, chicken, and pig). The identification of these genes is an important step toward the goal of increasing meat yields and improves meat quality.
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4
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Gonzalez ML, Busse NI, Waits CM, Johnson SE. Satellite cells and their regulation in livestock. J Anim Sci 2020; 98:5807489. [PMID: 32175577 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skaa081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells are the myogenic stem and progenitor population found in skeletal muscle. These cells typically reside in a quiescent state until called upon to support repair, regeneration, or muscle growth. The activities of satellite cells are orchestrated by systemic hormones, autocrine and paracrine growth factors, and the composition of the basal lamina of the muscle fiber. Several key intracellular signaling events are initiated in response to changes in the local environment causing exit from quiescence, proliferation, and differentiation. Signals emanating from Notch, wingless-type mouse mammary tumor virus integration site family members, and transforming growth factor-β proteins mediate the reversible exit from growth 0 phase while those initiated by members of the fibroblast growth factor and insulin-like growth factor families direct proliferation and differentiation. Many of these pathways impinge upon the myogenic regulatory factors (MRF), myogenic factor 5, myogenic differentiation factor D, myogenin and MRF4, and the lineage determinate, Paired box 7, to alter transcription and subsequent satellite cell decisions. In the recent past, insight into mouse transgenic models has led to a firm understanding of regulatory events that control satellite cell metabolism and myogenesis. Many of these niche-regulated functions offer subtle differences from their counterparts in livestock pointing to the existence of species-specific controls. The purpose of this review is to examine the mechanisms that mediate large animal satellite cell activity and their relationship to those present in rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison L Gonzalez
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Nicolas I Busse
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | | | - Sally E Johnson
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
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5
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Guo R, Chen F, Shi Z. Suppression of Notch Signaling Stimulates Progesterone Synthesis by Enhancing the Expression of NR5A2 and NR2F2 in Porcine Granulosa Cells. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11020120. [PMID: 31978970 PMCID: PMC7073743 DOI: 10.3390/genes11020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The conserved Notch pathway is reported to be involved in progesterone synthesis and secretion; however, the exact effects remain controversial. To determine the role and potential mechanisms of the Notch signaling pathway in progesterone biosynthesis in porcine granulosa cells (pGCs), we first used a pharmacological γ-secretase inhibitor, N-(N-(3,5-difluorophenacetyl-l-alanyl))-S-phenylglycine t-butyl ester (DAPT), to block the Notch pathway in cultured pGCs and then evaluated the expression of genes in the progesterone biosynthesis pathway and key transcription factors (TFs) regulating steroidogenesis. We found that DAPT dose- and time-dependently increased progesterone secretion. The expression of steroidogenic proteins NPC1 and StAR and two TFs, NR5A2 and NR2F2, was significantly upregulated, while the expression of HSD3B was significantly downregulated. Furthermore, knockdown of both NR5A2 and NR2F2 with specific siRNAs blocked the upregulatory effects of DAPT on progesterone secretion and reversed the effects of DAPT on the expression of NPC1, StAR, and HSD3B. Moreover, knockdown of NR5A2 and NR2F2 stimulated the expression of Notch3. In conclusion, the inhibition of Notch signaling stimulated progesterone secretion by enhancing the expression of NPC1 and StAR, and the two TFs NR5A2 and NR2F2 acted as downstream TFs of Notch signaling in regulating progesterone synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihong Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Fang Chen
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
| | - Zhendan Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
- Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China;
- Correspondence:
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6
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MiR-199b represses porcine muscle satellite cells proliferation by targeting JAG1. Gene 2019; 691:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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7
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Rudar M, Fiorotto ML, Davis TA. Regulation of Muscle Growth in Early Postnatal Life in a Swine Model. Annu Rev Anim Biosci 2018; 7:309-335. [PMID: 30388025 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-animal-020518-115130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle growth during the early postnatal period is rapid in the pig and dependent on the capacity of muscle to respond to anabolic and catabolic stimuli. Muscle mass is driven by the balance between protein synthesis and degradation. Among these processes, muscle protein synthesis in the piglet is exceptionally sensitive to the feeding-induced postprandial changes in insulin and amino acids, whereas muscle protein degradation is affected only during specific catabolic states. The developmental decline in the response of muscle to feeding is associated with changes in the signaling pathways located upstream and downstream of the mechanistic target of rapamycin protein complex. Additionally, muscle growth is supported by an accretion of nuclei derived from satellite cells. Activated satellite cells undergo proliferation, differentiation, and fusion with adjacent growing muscle fibers. Enhancing early muscle growth through modifying protein synthesis, degradation, and satellite cell activity is key to maximizing performance, productivity, and lifelong pig health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Rudar
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; , ,
| | - Marta L Fiorotto
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; , ,
| | - Teresa A Davis
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA; , ,
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8
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Jiao Y, Huang B, Chen Y, Hong G, Xu J, Hu C, Wang C. Integrated Analyses Reveal Overexpressed Notch1 Promoting Porcine Satellite Cells' Proliferation through Regulating the Cell Cycle. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19010271. [PMID: 29337929 PMCID: PMC5796217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19010271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch signaling as a conserved cell fate regulator is involved in the regulation of cell quiescence, proliferation, differentiation and postnatal tissue regeneration. However, how Notch signaling regulates porcine satellite cells (PSCs) has not been elucidated. We stably transfected Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) into PSCs to analyze the gene expression profile and miRNA-seq. The analysis of the gene expression profile identified 295 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) in proliferating-N1ICD PSCs (P-N1ICD) and nine DEGs on differentiating-N1ICD PSCs (D-N1ICD), compared with that in control groups (P-Control and D-Control, respectively). Analyzing the underlying function of DEGs showed that most of the upregulated DEGs enriched in P-N1ICD PSCs are related to the cell cycle. Forty-four and 12 known differentially-expressed miRNAs (DEMs) were identified in the P-N1ICD PSCs and D-N1ICD PSCs group, respectively. Furthermore, we constructed the gene-miRNA network of the DEGs and DEMs. In P-N1ICD PSCs, miR-125a, miR-125b, miR-10a-5p, ssc-miR-214, miR-423 and miR-149 are downregulated hub miRNAs, whose corresponding hub genes are marker of proliferation Ki-67 (MKI67) and nuclear receptor binding SET domain protein 2 (WHSC1). By contrast, miR-27a, miR-146a-5p and miR-221-3p are upregulated hub miRNAs, whose hub genes are RUNX1 translocation partner 1 (RUNX1T1) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). All the hub miRNAs and genes are associated with cell proliferation. Quantitative RT-PCR results are consistent with the gene expression profile and miRNA-seq results. The results of our study provide valuable information for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying Notch signaling in PSCs and skeletal muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiren Jiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Bo Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Guangliang Hong
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Jian Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Chingyuan Hu
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, AgSci. 415J, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Chong Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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9
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Fujimaki S, Seko D, Kitajima Y, Yoshioka K, Tsuchiya Y, Masuda S, Ono Y. Notch1 and Notch2 Coordinately Regulate Stem Cell Function in the Quiescent and Activated States of Muscle Satellite Cells. Stem Cells 2017; 36:278-285. [PMID: 29139178 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Satellite cells, the muscle tissue stem cells, express three Notch receptors (Notch1-3). The function of Notch1 and Notch2 in satellite cells has to date not been fully evaluated. We investigated the role of Notch1 and Notch2 in myogenic progression in adult skeletal muscle using tamoxifen-inducible satellite cell-specific conditional knockout mice for Notch1 (N1-scKO), Notch2 (N2-scKO), and Notch1/Notch2 (scDKO). In the quiescent state, the number of satellite cells was slightly reduced in N2-scKO, but not significantly in N1-scKO, and almost completely depleted in scDKO mice. N1-scKO and N2-scKO mice both exhibited a defect in muscle regeneration induced by cardiotoxin injection, while muscle regeneration was severely compromised with marked fibrosis in scDKO mice. In the activated state, ablation of either Notch1 or Notch2 alone in satellite cells prevented population expansion and self-renewal but induced premature myogenesis. Therefore, our results indicate that Notch1 and Notch2 coordinately maintain the stem-cell pool in the quiescent state by preventing activation and regulate stem-cell-fate decision in the activated state, governing adult muscle regeneration. Stem Cells 2018;36:278-285.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Fujimaki
- Musculoskeletal Molecular Biology Research Group, Basic and Translational Research Center for Hard Tissue Disease.,Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daiki Seko
- Musculoskeletal Molecular Biology Research Group, Basic and Translational Research Center for Hard Tissue Disease.,Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kitajima
- Musculoskeletal Molecular Biology Research Group, Basic and Translational Research Center for Hard Tissue Disease.,Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Yoshioka
- Musculoskeletal Molecular Biology Research Group, Basic and Translational Research Center for Hard Tissue Disease.,Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Tsuchiya
- Musculoskeletal Molecular Biology Research Group, Basic and Translational Research Center for Hard Tissue Disease.,Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Masuda
- Musculoskeletal Molecular Biology Research Group, Basic and Translational Research Center for Hard Tissue Disease.,Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ono
- Musculoskeletal Molecular Biology Research Group, Basic and Translational Research Center for Hard Tissue Disease.,Department of Stem Cell Biology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan.,Division of Regenerative Medicine Research, AMED, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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MiR-34c represses muscle development by forming a regulatory loop with Notch1. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9346. [PMID: 28839212 PMCID: PMC5571228 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Since pork accounts for about 40% of global meat consumption, the pig is an important economic animal for meat production. Pig is also a useful medical model for humans due to its similarity in size and physiology. Understanding the mechanism of muscle development has great implication for animal breeding and human health. Previous studies showed porcine muscle satellite cells (PSCs) are important for postnatal skeletal muscle growth, and Notch1 signaling pathway and miRNAs regulate the skeletal muscle development. Notch1 signal pathway regulates the transcription of certain types of miRNAs which further affects target gene expression. However, the specific relationship between Notch1 and miRNAs during muscle development has not been established. We found miR-34c is decreased in PSCs overexpressed N1ICD. Through the overexpression and inhibition of mi-34c, we demonstrated that miR-34c inhibits PSCs proliferation and promotes PSCs differentiation. Using dual-luciferase reporter assay and Chromatin immunoprecipitation, we demonstrate there is a reciprocal regulatory loop between Notch1 and miR-34c. Furthermore, injection of miR-34c lentivirus into mice caused repression of gastrocnemius muscle development. In summary, our data revealed that miR-34c can form a regulatory loop with Notch1 to repress muscle development, and this result expands our understanding of muscle development mechanism.
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11
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Ding S, Wang F, Liu Y, Li S, Zhou G, Hu P. Characterization and isolation of highly purified porcine satellite cells. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17003. [PMID: 28417015 PMCID: PMC5385392 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pig is an important food source and an excellent system to model human diseases. Careful characterization of the swine skeletal muscle stem cells (satellite cells) will shed lights on generation of swine skeletal muscle disease model and efficient production of porcine meat for the food industry. Paired box protein 7 (Pax7) is a highly conserved transcription factor shared by satellite cells from various species. However, the sequence of Pax7 has not been characterized in pig. The lack of method to isolate highly purified satellite cells hinders the thorough characterization of the swine satellite cells. Here we found molecular markers for swine satellite cells and revealed that the porcine satellite cells were heterogeneous in various pieces of skeletal muscle. We further developed a method to isolate highly purified satellite cells directly from porcine muscles using fluorescence-activated cell sorting. We next characterized the proliferation and differentiation abilities of isolated satellite cells in vitro; and found that long-term culturing of satellite cells in vitro led to stemness loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Ding
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Sheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, China
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12
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Shan T, Xu Z, Wu W, Liu J, Wang Y. Roles of Notch1 Signaling in Regulating Satellite Cell Fates Choices and Postnatal Skeletal Myogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2964-2967. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tizhong Shan
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition; Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Ziye Xu
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition; Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Weiche Wu
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition; Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition; Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- College of Animal Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition; Ministry of Education; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Feed and Animal Nutrition; Hangzhou Zhejiang P. R. China
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13
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Segalés J, Perdiguero E, Muñoz-Cánoves P. Regulation of Muscle Stem Cell Functions: A Focus on the p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2016; 4:91. [PMID: 27626031 PMCID: PMC5003838 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2016.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Formation of skeletal muscle fibers (myogenesis) during development and after tissue injury in the adult constitutes an excellent paradigm to investigate the mechanisms whereby environmental cues control gene expression programs in muscle stem cells (satellite cells) by acting on transcriptional and epigenetic effectors. Here we will review the molecular mechanisms implicated in the transition of satellite cells throughout the distinct myogenic stages (i.e., activation from quiescence, proliferation, differentiation, and self-renewal). We will also discuss recent findings on the causes underlying satellite cell functional decline with aging. In particular, our review will focus on the epigenetic changes underlying fate decisions and on how the p38 MAPK signaling pathway integrates the environmental signals at the chromatin to build up satellite cell adaptive responses during the process of muscle regeneration, and how these responses are altered in aging. A better comprehension of the signaling pathways connecting external and intrinsic factors will illuminate the path for improving muscle regeneration in the aged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Segalés
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Pompeu Fabra University Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eusebio Perdiguero
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Pompeu Fabra University Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pura Muñoz-Cánoves
- Cell Biology Group, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, CIBER on Neurodegenerative diseases (CIBERNED), Pompeu Fabra UniversityBarcelona, Spain; Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA)Barcelona, Spain; Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones CardiovascularesMadrid, Spain
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14
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Chistiakov DA, Orekhov AN, Bobryshev YV. The role of miR-126 in embryonic angiogenesis, adult vascular homeostasis, and vascular repair and its alterations in atherosclerotic disease. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 97:47-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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DNA Methylation in Skeletal Muscle Stem Cell Specification, Proliferation, and Differentiation. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:5725927. [PMID: 26880971 PMCID: PMC4736426 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5725927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An unresolved and critically important question in skeletal muscle biology is how muscle stem cells initiate and regulate the genetic program during muscle development. Epigenetic dynamics are essential for cellular development and organogenesis in early life and it is becoming increasingly clear that epigenetic remodeling may also be responsible for the cellular adaptations that occur in later life. DNA methylation of cytosine bases within CpG dinucleotide pairs is an important epigenetic modification that reduces gene expression when located within a promoter or enhancer region. Recent advances in the field suggest that epigenetic regulation is essential for skeletal muscle stem cell identity and subsequent cell development. This review summarizes what is currently known about how skeletal muscle stem cells regulate the myogenic program through DNA methylation, discusses a novel role for metabolism in this process, and addresses DNA methylation dynamics in adult skeletal muscle in response to physical activity.
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16
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Bain LJ, Liu JT, League RE. Arsenic inhibits stem cell differentiation by altering the interplay between the Wnt3a and Notch signaling pathways. Toxicol Rep 2016; 3:405-413. [PMID: 27158593 PMCID: PMC4855706 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
data indicates that arsenic exposure inhibits stem cell differentiation. This study investigated whether arsenic disrupted the Wnt3a signaling pathway, critical in the formation of myotubes and neurons, during the differentiation in P19 mouse embryonic stem cells. Cells were exposed to 0, 0.1, or 0.5 μM arsenite, with or without exogenous Wnt3a, for up to 9 days of differentiation. Arsenic exposure alone inhibits the differentiation of stem cells into neurons and skeletal myotubes, and reduces the expression of both β-catenin and GSK3β mRNA to ~55% of control levels. Co-culture of the arsenic-exposed cells with exogenous Wnt3a rescues the morphological phenotype, but does not alter transcript, protein, or phosphorylation status of GSK3β or β-catenin. However, arsenic exposure maintains high levels of Hes5 and decreases the expression of MASH1 by 2.2-fold, which are anti- and pro-myogenic and neurogenic genes, respectively, in the Notch signaling pathway. While rescue with exogenous Wnt3a reduced Hes5 levels, MASH1 levels stay repressed. Thus, while Wnt3a can partially rescue the inhibition of differentiation from arsenic, it does so by also modulating Notch target genes rather than only working through the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. These results indicate that arsenic alters the interplay between multiple signaling pathways, leading to reduced stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa J Bain
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 23964, USA
| | - Jui-Tung Liu
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Ryan E League
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, Clemson University, 132 Long Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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17
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Aradhya R, Zmojdzian M, Da Ponte JP, Jagla K. Muscle niche-driven Insulin-Notch-Myc cascade reactivates dormant Adult Muscle Precursors in Drosophila. eLife 2015; 4. [PMID: 26650355 PMCID: PMC4749548 DOI: 10.7554/elife.08497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
How stem cells specified during development keep their non-differentiated quiescent state, and how they are reactivated, remain poorly understood. Here, we applied a Drosophila model to follow in vivo behavior of adult muscle precursors (AMPs), the transient fruit fly muscle stem cells. We report that emerging AMPs send out thin filopodia that make contact with neighboring muscles. AMPs keep their filopodia-based association with muscles throughout their dormant state but also when they start to proliferate, suggesting that muscles could play a role in AMP reactivation. Indeed, our genetic analyses indicate that muscles send inductive dIlp6 signals that switch the Insulin pathway ON in closely associated AMPs. This leads to the activation of Notch, which regulates AMP proliferation via dMyc. Altogether, we report that Drosophila AMPs display homing behavior to muscle niche and that the niche-driven Insulin-Notch-dMyc cascade plays a key role in setting the activated state of AMPs. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08497.001 Muscles experience wear and tear over our lifetimes and therefore need to be regularly repaired and replenished by new cells. These cells are produced by stem cells, which often reside in a special microenvironment called the stem cell niche. This niche may also contain support cells that produce signals to attract stem cells and then maintain them in a dormant state. When the muscle is damaged, its resident stem cells are activated so that they divide to produce new cells. Understanding how this happens is an important goal for regenerative medicine, but many of the details remain unclear. In fruit flies, stem cells called adult muscle precursor cells (or AMPs for short) lie dormant in the embryo and larva, but are then activated to form the muscles of the adult fly. These cells share many features with the muscle stem cells of mammals, which prompted Aradhya, Zmojdzian et al. to use them as a model to investigate how stem cells find their niche and are later activated. For the experiments, the AMPs in fruit fly larvae were labelled with a fluorescent protein. Aradhya, Zmojdzian et al. observed that these cells produce long extensions that connect them to each other, to nearby muscle and to nerve cells. During development, these extensions are gradually lost until they contact only the muscles that are closest to the AMPs, which indicates that these muscles provide a niche for the AMPs and are perhaps involved in their activation. Further experiments show that neighbouring muscles do indeed help to activate AMPs, as they produce a signal that activates a cell communication system called the insulin pathway inside the AMPs. Insulin signalling – which is sensitive to the availability of nutrients in the body – turns on another signalling pathway, called Notch, that then stimulate the AMPs to divide. Aradhya, Zmojdzian et al. propose that this signalling cascade might help to ensure that AMPs are only activated at the right time in development. The next step is to find out whether stem cells in human muscles are activated in a similar way. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.08497.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaguru Aradhya
- Génétique Reproduction et Développement, INSERM U1103, CNRS UMR6293, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Monika Zmojdzian
- Génétique Reproduction et Développement, INSERM U1103, CNRS UMR6293, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jean Philippe Da Ponte
- Génétique Reproduction et Développement, INSERM U1103, CNRS UMR6293, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Krzysztof Jagla
- Génétique Reproduction et Développement, INSERM U1103, CNRS UMR6293, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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18
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Mu X, Tang Y, Lu A, Takayama K, Usas A, Wang B, Weiss K, Huard J. The role of Notch signaling in muscle progenitor cell depletion and the rapid onset of histopathology in muscular dystrophy. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:2923-37. [PMID: 25678553 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although it has been speculated that stem cell depletion plays a role in the rapid progression of the muscle histopathology associated with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), the molecular and cellular mechanisms responsible for stem cell depletion remain poorly understood. The rapid depletion of muscle stem cells has not been observed in the dystrophin-deficient model of DMD (mdx mouse), which may explain the relatively mild dystrophic phenotype observed in this animal model. In contrast, we have observed a rapid occurrence of stem cell depletion in the dystrophin/utrophin double knockout (dKO) mouse model, which exhibits histopathological features that more closely recapitulate the phenotype observed in DMD patients compared with the mdx mouse. Notch signaling has been found to be a key regulator of stem cell self-renewal and myogenesis in normal skeletal muscle; however, little is known about the role that Notch plays in the development of the dystrophic histopathology associated with DMD. Our results revealed an over-activation of Notch in the skeletal muscles of dKO mice, which correlated with sustained inflammation, impaired muscle regeneration and the rapid depletion and senescence of the muscle progenitor cells (MPCs, i.e. Pax7+ cells). Consequently, the repression of Notch in the skeletal muscle of dKO mice delayed/reduced the depletion and senescence of MPCs, and restored the myogenesis capacity while reducing inflammation and fibrosis. We suggest that the down-regulation of Notch could represent a viable approach to reduce the dystrophic histopathologies associated with DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Mu
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Ying Tang
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Aiping Lu
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Koji Takayama
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Arvydas Usas
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Bing Wang
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Kurt Weiss
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
| | - Johnny Huard
- Stem Cell Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA
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19
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Shi R, Bai Y, Li S, Wei H, Zhang X, Li L, Tian XC, Jiang Q, Wang C, Qin L, Cai J, Zhang S. Characteristics of spermatogonial stem cells derived from neonatal porcine testis. Andrologia 2014; 47:765-78. [PMID: 25251288 DOI: 10.1111/and.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to isolate and characterise porcine spermatogonial stem cells (PSSCs). The putative porcine germline stem cells from testis were isolated successfully by an improving way of enrichment with lymphocyte separation medium (LSM). Results from RT-PCR analyses showed that PSSCs were positive for OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, PGP9.5, c-MYC, KEL4 and PRDM-14 which are multipotent stem cell markers. At the protein level, the results of immunofluorescence analyses showed that PSSCs were positive for OCT4, PGP9.5, SOX2 and CD29. We successfully differentiated these PSSCs into adipocytes and muscle cells and then defined their characteristics, including morphology, surface stem cell markers, and mechanical properties. But the experiment of teratoma formation was negative. The results indicated the PSSCs could be multipotent. Atomic force microscopy was used to characterise the morphological and mechanical properties of undifferentiated PSSCs, as well as the differentiated adipocytes and muscle cells, which could be potentially useful for distinguishing PSSCs from differentiated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Y Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - S Li
- Life Science and Technology College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - H Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,South-China Primate Research and Development Center, Guangdong Entomological Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - L Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - X C Tian
- Department of Animal Science/Center for Regenerative Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Q Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - C Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - L Qin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Cai
- Life Science and Technology College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - S Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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20
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Terragni J, Zhang G, Sun Z, Pradhan S, Song L, Crawford GE, Lacey M, Ehrlich M. Notch signaling genes: myogenic DNA hypomethylation and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine. Epigenetics 2014; 9:842-50. [PMID: 24670287 PMCID: PMC4065182 DOI: 10.4161/epi.28597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Notch intercellular signaling is critical for diverse developmental pathways and for homeostasis in various types of stem cells and progenitor cells. Because Notch gene products need to be precisely regulated spatially and temporally, epigenetics is likely to help control expression of Notch signaling genes. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) indicated significant hypomethylation in myoblasts, myotubes, and skeletal muscle vs. many nonmuscle samples at intragenic or intergenic regions of the following Notch receptor or ligand genes: NOTCH1, NOTCH2, JAG2, and DLL1. An enzymatic assay of sites in or near these genes revealed unusually high enrichment of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (up to 81%) in skeletal muscle, heart, and cerebellum. Epigenetics studies and gene expression profiles suggest that hypomethylation and/or hydroxymethylation help control expression of these genes in heart, brain, myoblasts, myotubes, and within skeletal muscle myofibers. Such regulation could promote cell renewal, cell maintenance, homeostasis, and a poised state for repair of tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhiyi Sun
- New England Biolabs; Ipswich, MA USA
| | | | - Lingyun Song
- Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy; Duke University; Durham, NC USA
| | | | - Michelle Lacey
- Tulane Cancer Center and Department of Mathematics; Tulane Health Sciences Center and Tulane University; New Orleans, LA USA
| | - Melanie Ehrlich
- Program in Human Genetics; Tulane Cancer Center; Center for Bioinformatics and Genomics; Tulane Health Sciences Center; New Orleans, LA USA
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21
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MicroRNA-126-5p promotes endothelial proliferation and limits atherosclerosis by suppressing Dlk1. Nat Med 2014; 20:368-76. [PMID: 24584117 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, a hyperlipidemia-induced chronic inflammatory process of the arterial wall, develops preferentially at sites where disturbed laminar flow compromises endothelial cell (EC) function. Here we show that endothelial miR-126-5p maintains a proliferative reserve in ECs through suppression of the Notch1 inhibitor delta-like 1 homolog (Dlk1) and thereby prevents atherosclerotic lesion formation. Endothelial recovery after denudation was impaired in Mir126(-/-) mice because lack of miR-126-5p, but not miR-126-3p, reduced EC proliferation by derepressing Dlk1. At nonpredilection sites, high miR-126-5p levels in endothelial cells confer a proliferative reserve that compensates for the antiproliferative effects of hyperlipidemia, such that atherosclerosis was exacerbated in Mir126(-/-) mice. In contrast, downregulation of miR-126-5p by disturbed flow abrogated EC proliferation at predilection sites in response to hyperlipidemic stress through upregulation of Dlk1 expression. Administration of miR-126-5p rescued EC proliferation at predilection sites and limited atherosclerosis, introducing a potential therapeutic approach.
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22
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Chen X, Zhang T, Shi J, Xu P, Gu Z, Sandham A, Yang L, Ye Q. Notch1 signaling regulates the proliferation and self-renewal of human dental follicle cells by modulating the G1/S phase transition and telomerase activity. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69967. [PMID: 23922876 PMCID: PMC3726724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipotent human dental follicle cells (HDFCs) have been intensively studied in periodontal regeneration research, yet the role of Notch1 in HDFCs has not been fully understood. The aim of the current study is to explore the role of Notch1 signaling in HDFCs self-renewal and proliferation. HDFCs were obtained from the extracted wisdom teeth from adolescent patients. Regulation of Notch1 signaling in the HDFCs was achieved by overexpressing the exogenous intracellular domain of Notch1 (ICN1) or silencing Notch1 by shRNA. The regulatory effects of Notch1 on HDFC proliferation, cell cycle distribution and the expression of cell cycle regulators were investigated through various molecular technologies, including plasmid construction, retrovirus preparation and infection, qRT-PCR, western blot, RBP-Jk luciferase reporter and cell proliferation assay. Our data clearly show that constitutively activation of Notch1 stimulates the HDFCs proliferation while inhibition of the Notch1 suppresses their proliferation in vitro. In addition, the HDFCs proliferation is associated with the increased expression of cell cycle regulators, e.g. cyclin D1, cyclin D2, cyclin D3, cyclin E1, CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and SKP2 and the decreased expression of p27 (kip1). Moreover, our data show that the G1/S phase transition (indicating proliferation) and telomerase activity (indicating self-renewal) can be enhanced by overexpression of ICN1 but halted by inhibition of Notch1. Together, the current study provides evidence for the first time that Notch1 signaling regulates the proliferation and self-renewal capacity of HDFCs through modulation of the G1/S phase transition and the telomerase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuepeng Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- * E-mail: (XC); (QY)
| | - Tianhou Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiejun Shi
- Department of Orthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zexu Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, Qindu Stomatological College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Andrew Sandham
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Qindu Stomatological College, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingsong Ye
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Cairns, Queensland, Australia
- * E-mail: (XC); (QY)
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