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Kim C. Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases Play Essential but Contrasting Roles in Osteoclast Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15342. [PMID: 37895023 PMCID: PMC10607827 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone homeostasis is regulated by the balanced actions of osteoblasts that form the bone and osteoclasts (OCs) that resorb the bone. Bone-resorbing OCs are differentiated from hematopoietic monocyte/macrophage lineage cells, whereas osteoblasts are derived from mesenchymal progenitors. OC differentiation is induced by two key cytokines, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), a factor essential for the proliferation and survival of the OCs, and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), a factor for responsible for the differentiation of the OCs. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), p38, and c-Jun N-terminal kinases, play an essential role in regulating the proliferation, differentiation, and function of OCs. ERKs have been known to play a critical role in the differentiation and activation of OCs. In most cases, ERKs positively regulate OC differentiation and function. However, several reports present conflicting conclusions. Interestingly, the inhibition of OC differentiation by ERK1/2 is observed only in OCs differentiated from RAW 264.7 cells. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the current understanding of the conflicting actions of ERK1/2 in OC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaekyun Kim
- BK21 Program in Biomedical Science & Engineering, Laboratory for Leukocyte Signaling Research, Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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2
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Mohsen ROM, Hassan R. A comparative study of the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells versus insulin on mandibular dento-alveolar complex collagen formation and beta-catenin expression in experimentally induced type I diabetes. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:668-677. [PMID: 37817792 PMCID: PMC10562111 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess and compare the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) versus insulin on mandibular dento-alveolar complex collagen formation and beta-catenin (β-catenin) expression in experimentally induced type I diabetes in albino rat. Design Twenty-eight male albino rats were equally divided as follows; Group I: was composed of rats which received no drug. The remaining rats were administrated a single streptozotocin (STZ) (40 mg/kg) intra-peritoneal injection. After affirmation of diabetes induction, the rats were divided into: Group II: Diabetic rats were given no treatment. Group III: Diabetic rats received a single BM-MSCs intravenous injection (1x106 cells). Group IV: Diabetic rats were given a daily insulin subcutaneous injection (5 IU/kg). After 28 days, mandibles were processed and stained by Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E), Masson's trichrome and anti-β-catenin antibody. A statistical analysis was performed to measure positive area% of Masson's trichrome and β-catenin. Results Dento-alveolar complex tissues and cells of Group II showed destructive changes histologically, while Groups III and IV demonstrated improved histological features. Group II presented almost old collagen in all dento-alveolar complex tissues, and nearly negative β-catenin expression. Groups III and IV revealed a newly formed collagen intermingled with very few areas of old collagen, and both groups showed positive β-catenin immunoreactivity. Statistically, Groups III and IV represented the highest mean values of Masson's trichrome area% and β-catenin area%, while Group II reported the lowest mean. Conclusions Streptozotocin has a destructive effect on the dento-alveolar complex structure and function. BM-MSCs and insulin show regenerative capacity in STZ-affected periodontal tissues, and statistically, they increase collagen formation and β-catenin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rabab Hassan
- Associate professor of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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3
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Zhu J, Zhang M, Liu XL, Yin ZG, Han XX, Wang HJ, Zhou Y. Hyperoside suppresses osteoclasts differentiation and function through downregulating TRAF6/p38 MAPK signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2022; 24:1157-1168. [PMID: 35435096 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2056028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hyperoside (HP), as a natural product, can promote proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and presents a protective effect on ovariectomized (OVX) mice. However, the inhibitory effect of HP on osteoclasts (OCs) and the potential mechanism remain to be elucidated. In this study, it was found that HP could effectively inhibit the differentiation and bone resorption of OCs, and its intrinsic molecular mechanism was related to the inhibition of TRAF6/p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Therefore, HP could be a promising natural compound for lytic bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), Institute of Agro-bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Min Zhang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiong-Li Liu
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Yin
- Key laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center for Mountain Ecology & Agro-Bioengineering (CICMEAB), Institute of Agro-bioengineering, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiao-Xue Han
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hui-Juan Wang
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center for the Exploitation of Homology Resources of Southwest Medicine and Food, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- College of pharmacy, Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550025, China
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4
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Hong J, Sanjoba C, Fujii W, Yamagishi J, Goto Y. Leishmania infection-induced multinucleated giant cell formation via upregulation of ATP6V0D2 expression. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:953785. [PMID: 36211967 PMCID: PMC9539756 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.953785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is caused by infection with protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. In both clinical and experimental visceral leishmaniasis, macrophage multinucleation is observed in parasitized tissues. However, the feature and the mechanism of macrophage multinucleation remained unclear. Here, we report that infection of Leishmania donovani, a causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis, induces multinucleation of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in vitro. When these infection-induced multinucleated macrophages were compared with cytokine-induced multinucleated giant cells, the former had higher phagocytic activity on red blood cells but no apparent changes on phagocytosis of latex beads. BMDMs infected with L. donovani had increased expression of ATP6V0D2, one of the components of V-ATPase, which was also upregulated in the spleen of infected mice. Infection-induced ATP6V0D2 localized in a cytoplasmic compartment, which did not overlap with the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, or lysosomes. When ATP6V0D2 expression was recombinantly induced in BMDMs, the formation of multinucleated macrophages was induced as seen in the infected macrophages. Taken together, L. donovani infection induces multinucleation of macrophages via ATP6V0D2 upregulation leading to a unique metamorphosis of the macrophages toward hemophagocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hong
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chizu Sanjoba
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Laboratory of Applied Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junya Yamagishi
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Goto
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Yasuyuki Goto,
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5
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Nishikawa T, Suzuki Y, Sawada N, Kobayashi Y, Nakamura N, Miyabe M, Miyajima SI, Adachi K, Minato T, Mizutani M, Toriumi T, Ohno N, Kikuchi T, Honda M, Noguchi T, Mitani A, Matsubara T, Naruse K. Therapeutic potential for insulin on type 1 diabetes-associated periodontitis: Analysis of experimental periodontitis in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Diabetes Investig 2020; 11:1482-1489. [PMID: 32302049 PMCID: PMC7610127 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims/Introduction The association between diabetes and periodontal disease is considered to be bidirectional. However, there is still controversy surrounding the relationship between periodontal disease and type 1 diabetes. We investigated whether insulin improves periodontitis without any local treatments for periodontitis under type 1 diabetes conditions using the ligature‐induced experimental periodontitis model. Materials and Methods Type 1 diabetic rats were induced by streptozotocin injection. Experimental periodontitis was induced by ligature in normal and diabetic rats. Half of the diabetic rats were treated with insulin. Two weeks after the ligature, periodontitis was evaluated. Results Insulin treatment significantly improved inflammatory cell infiltration and inflammatory cytokine gene expression, leading to suppression of alveolar bone loss, in the periodontitis of diabetic rats. Insulin also suppressed the periodontitis‐increased nitric oxide synthase‐positive cells in periodontal tissue of the diabetic rats. Even without induction of periodontitis, diabetic rats showed decreased gingival blood flow and an increased number of nitric oxide synthase‐positive cells in the gingiva and alveolar bone loss compared with normal rats, all of which were ameliorated by insulin treatment. We further confirmed that insulin directly suppressed lipopolysaccharide‐induced inflammatory cytokine expressions in THP‐1 cells. Conclusions There were abnormalities of periodontal tissue even without the induction of periodontitis in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats. Insulin treatment significantly ameliorated periodontitis without local periodontitis treatment in diabetic rats. These data suggest the therapeutic impacts of insulin on periodontitis in type 1 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Nishikawa
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuki Suzuki
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noritaka Sawada
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuko Kobayashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Nobuhisa Nakamura
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Megumi Miyabe
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Miyajima
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kei Adachi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomomi Minato
- Department of Medical Technique, Aichi Gakuin University Dental Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Makoto Mizutani
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Taku Toriumi
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Norikazu Ohno
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kikuchi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaki Honda
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toshihide Noguchi
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akio Mitani
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tatsuaki Matsubara
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Keiko Naruse
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
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6
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Yuan Y, Chen K, Chen X, Wang C, Qiu H, Cao Z, Song D, Sun Y, Guo J, Tickner J, Xu J, Zou J. Fumitremorgin C Attenuates Osteoclast Formation and Function via Suppressing RANKL-Induced Signaling Pathways. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:238. [PMID: 32210820 PMCID: PMC7076231 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive bone resorption conducted by osteoclasts is considered as the main cause of osteoclast-related bone diseases such as osteoporosis. Therefore, the suppression of excessive osteoclast formation and function is one of the strategies to treat osteoclast-related bone diseases. Fumitremorgin C (Fum) is a mycotoxin extracted from Aspergillus fumigatus. It has been shown to have extensive pharmacological properties, but its role in the treatment of osteoclast-related bone diseases remains unclear. In this study, we aim to find out whether Fum can inhibit the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast formation and function. The results showed that Fum could significantly attenuate osteoclast formation and function at concentrations from 2.5 to 10 µM. The protein expression of bone resorption factors such as NFATc1, cathepsin K, V-ATPase-d2, and c-Fos was suppressed with the treatment of Fum at a concentration of 10 µM. In addition, Fum was also shown to suppress the activity of NF-κB, intracellular reactive oxygen species level, and MAPK pathway. Taken together, the present study showed that Fum could attenuate the formation and function of osteoclast via suppressing RANKL-induced signaling pathways, suggesting that Fum might be a potential novel drug in the treatment of osteoclast-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Sports Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Heng Qiu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zhen Cao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dezhi Song
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Youqiang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Guo
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jennifer Tickner
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jun Zou
- School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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7
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Ding N, Geng B, Li Z, Yang Q, Yan L, Wan L, Zhang B, Wang C, Xia Y. Fluid shear stress promotes osteoblast proliferation through the NFATc1-ERK5 pathway. Connect Tissue Res 2019; 60:107-116. [PMID: 29609502 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2018.1459588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extracellular-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is thought to regulate osteoblast proliferation. To further understand how ERK5 signaling regulates osteoblast proliferation induced by fluid shear stress (FSS), we examined some potential signaling targets associated with ERK5 in MC3T3-E1 cells. METHODS MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with XMD8-92 (an ERK5 inhibitor) or Cyclosporin A (CsA, a nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) c1 inhibitor) and/or exposed to 12 dyn/cm2 FSS. Phosphorylated-ERK5 (p-ERK5) and expression levels of NFATc1, ERK5, E2F2, and cyclin E1 were analyzed by western blot. The mRNA levels of genes associated with cell proliferation were analyzed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) array. Subcellular localization of p-ERK5 and NFATc1 were determined by immunofluorescence. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay. RESULTS NFATc1 expression was up-regulated by FSS. XMD8-92 only blocked ERK5 activation; however, CsA decreased NFATc1 and p-ERK5 levels, including after FSS stimulation. Exposure to NFATc1 inhibitor or ERK5 inhibitor resulted in decreased E2F2 and cyclin E1 expression and proliferation by proliferative MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, immunofluorescence results illustrated that NFATc1 induced ERK5 phosphorylation, resulting in p-ERK5 translocation to the nucleus. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that NFATc1 acts as an intermediate to promote the phosphorylation of ERK5 induced by FSS. Moreover, activated NFATc1-ERK5 signaling up-regulates the expression of E2F2 and cyclin E1, which promote osteoblast proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ding
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu , China.,b Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province , Lanzhou , Gansu , China
| | - Bin Geng
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu , China.,b Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province , Lanzhou , Gansu , China
| | - Zhonghao Li
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu , China.,b Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province , Lanzhou , Gansu , China
| | - Quanzeng Yang
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu , China.,b Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province , Lanzhou , Gansu , China
| | - Liang Yan
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu , China.,b Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province , Lanzhou , Gansu , China
| | - Lang Wan
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu , China.,b Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province , Lanzhou , Gansu , China
| | - Bo Zhang
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu , China.,b Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province , Lanzhou , Gansu , China
| | - Cuifang Wang
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu , China.,b Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province , Lanzhou , Gansu , China
| | - Yayi Xia
- a Department of Orthopaedics , Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , Gansu , China.,b Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province , Lanzhou , Gansu , China
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8
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Serrano-Piña R, Trujillo-Güiza ML, Scougall Vilchis RJ, Layton-Tovar CF, Mendieta-Zerón H. sRANKL and its correlation with metabolic syndrome parameters in children. Int J Paediatr Dent 2018; 28:633-640. [PMID: 30252176 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activating receptor ligand for nuclear factor (RANKL) has been identified as a ligand attached to the cell membrane of osteoblasts and odontoclasts. AIM To determine a possible association of sRANKL in saliva and serum with the parameters of metabolic syndrome (MS) in paediatric population aged 8-12 years. DESIGN This was a clinical, analytical and comparative study. Students between 6 and 12 years with good oral hygiene were included. Anthropometry, clinical analysis, dentobacterial plaque registration were registered as well as sRANKL in total saliva and serum through the ELISA technique. RESULTS A total of 43 children were enrolled, with a mean age of 9.7 (±0.8 years). Contrasting the groups by the presence or absence of the waist circumference above the normal limit, the difference in serum sRANKL concentration was statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). A negative statistical significance was found in the correlation between serum sRANKL and HDLc (r2 = -0.310, P = 0.046). Saliva sRANKL did not show statistical difference between neither gender nor body mass index and was not correlated with any parameter of the MS. CONCLUSIONS A good oral hygiene seems to avoid the effects of MS on the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Serrano-Piña
- Faculty of Nursery, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico (UAEMex), Toluca, Mexico.,Faculty of Odontology, Autonomous University of Yucatan (UADY), Mérida, Mexico
| | | | | | | | - Hugo Mendieta-Zerón
- Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of the State of Mexico (UAEMex), Ciprés Grupo Médico S.C. (CGM) and "Mónica Pretelini Sáenz" Maternal-Perinatal Hospital (HMPMPS), Toluca, Mexico
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9
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Duan X, Yang S, Zhang L, Yang T. V-ATPases and osteoclasts: ambiguous future of V-ATPases inhibitors in osteoporosis. Theranostics 2018; 8:5379-5399. [PMID: 30555553 PMCID: PMC6276090 DOI: 10.7150/thno.28391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar ATPases (V-ATPases) play a critical role in regulating extracellular acidification of osteoclasts and bone resorption. The deficiencies of subunit a3 and d2 of V-ATPases result in increased bone density in humans and mice. One of the traditional drug design strategies in treating osteoporosis is the use of subunit a3 inhibitor. Recent findings connect subunits H and G1 with decreased bone density. Given the controversial effects of ATPase subunits on bone density, there is a critical need to review the subunits of V-ATPase in osteoclasts and their functions in regulating osteoclasts and bone remodeling. In this review, we comprehensively address the following areas: information about all V-ATPase subunits and their isoforms; summary of V-ATPase subunits associated with human genetic diseases; V-ATPase subunits and osteopetrosis/osteoporosis; screening of all V-ATPase subunits variants in GEFOS data and in-house data; spectrum of V-ATPase subunits during osteoclastogenesis; direct and indirect roles of subunits of V-ATPases in osteoclasts; V-ATPase-associated signaling pathways in osteoclasts; interactions among V-ATPase subunits in osteoclasts; osteoclast-specific V-ATPase inhibitors; perspective of future inhibitors or activators targeting V-ATPase subunits in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Biology, Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Shaoqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Biology, Clinic of Oral Rare and Genetic Diseases, School of Stomatology, the Fourth Military Medical University, 145 West Changle Road, Xi'an 710032, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology and Genomics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Renai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Tielin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Molecular Genetics, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China
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10
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Oh JH, Lee NK. Up-Regulation of RANK Expression via ERK1/2 by Insulin Contributes to the Enhancement of Osteoclast Differentiation. Mol Cells 2017; 40:371-377. [PMID: 28535663 PMCID: PMC5463046 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2017.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the importance of the receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB ligand (RANKL)-RANK signaling mechanisms on osteoclast differentiation, little has been studied on how RANK expression is regulated or what regulates its expression during osteoclastogenesis. We show here that insulin signaling increases RANK expression, thus enhancing osteoclast differentiation by RANKL. Insulin stimulation induced RANK gene expression in time- and dose-dependent manners and insulin receptor shRNA completely abolished RANK expression induced by insulin in bone marrow-derived monocyte/macrophage cells (BMMs). Moreover, the addition of insulin in the presence of RANKL promoted RANK expression. The ability of insulin to regulate RANK expression depends on extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) since only PD98059, an ERK1/2 inhibitor, specifically inhibited its expression by insulin. However, the RANK expression by RANKL was blocked by all three mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases inhibitors. The activation of RANK increased differentiation of BMMs into tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive (TRAP+) osteoclasts as well as the expression of dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP) and d2 isoform of vacuolar (H+) ATPase (v-ATPase) Vo domain (Atp6v0d2), genes critical for osteoclastic cell-cell fusion. Collectively, these results suggest that insulin induces RANK expression via ERK1/2, which contributes to the enhancement of osteoclast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hee Oh
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538,
Korea
| | - Na Kyung Lee
- Department of Medical Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538,
Korea
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538,
Korea
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