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Zuo Q, Lin L, Zhang Y, Ommati MM, Wang H, Zhao J. The Footprints of Mitochondrial Fission and Apoptosis in Fluoride-Induced Renal Dysfunction. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:4125-4135. [PMID: 38057486 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03994-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride (F) is widely distributed in the environment and poses serious health risks to humans and animals. Although a good body of literature demonstrates a close relationship between F content and renal system performance, there is no satisfactory information on the involved intracellular routes. Hence, this study used histopathology and mitochondrial fission to explore fluorine-induced nephrotoxicity further. For this purpose, mice were exposed to the F ion (0, 25, 50, 100 mg/L) for 90 days. The effects of different F levels on renal pathomorphology and ion metabolism were assessed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid-Schiff stain (PAS), periodic acid-silver methenamine (PASM), Prussian blue (PB), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. The results showed that F could lead to glomerular atrophy, tubular degeneration, and vacuolization. Meanwhile, F also could increase glomerular and tubular glycoproteins; made thickening of the renal capsule membrane and thickening of the tubular basement membrane; led to the accumulation of iron ions in the tubules; and increased in glomerular alp and decreased tubular alp. Concomitantly, IHC results showed that F significantly upregulated the expression levels of mitochondrial fission-related proteins, including mitochondrial fission factor (Mff), fission 1 (Fis1), and mitochondrial dynamics proteins of 49 kDa (MiD49) and 51 kDa (MiD51), ultimately caused apoptosis. To sum up, excessive fluorine has a strong nephrotoxicity effect, disrupting the balance of mitochondrial fission and fusion, interfering with the process of mitochondrial fission, and then causing damage to renal tissue structure and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyong Zuo
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Lin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Environmental and Animal Product Safety, Henan University of Science and Technology, Kaiyuan Avenue 263, Luoyang, 471000, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Peng X, Ni H, Kuang B, Wang Z, Hou S, Gu S, Gong N. Sirtuin 3 in renal diseases and aging: From mechanisms to potential therapies. Pharmacol Res 2024; 206:107261. [PMID: 38917912 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2024.107261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The longevity protein sirtuins (SIRTs) belong to a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases. In mammals, SIRTs comprise seven members (SIRT1-7) which are localized to different subcellular compartments. As the most prominent mitochondrial deacetylases, SIRT3 is known to be regulated by various mechanisms and participate in virtually all aspects of mitochondrial homeostasis and metabolism, exerting significant impact on multiple organs. Notably, the kidneys possess an abundance of mitochondria that provide substantial energy for filtration and reabsorption. A growing body of evidence now supports the involvement of SIRT3 in several renal diseases, including acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and diabetic nephropathy; notably, these diseases are all associated with aging. In this review, we summarize the emerging role of SIRT3 in renal diseases and aging, and highlights the intricate mechanisms by which SIRT3 exerts its effects. In addition, we highlight the potential therapeutic significance of modulating SIRT3 and provide valuable insights into the therapeutic role of SIRT3 in renal diseases to facilitate clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Peng
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiqiang Ni
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Baicheng Kuang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuaiheng Hou
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shiqi Gu
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Nianqiao Gong
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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3
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Perico L, Remuzzi G, Benigni A. Sirtuins in kidney health and disease. Nat Rev Nephrol 2024; 20:313-329. [PMID: 38321168 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-024-00806-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are putative regulators of lifespan in model organisms. Since the initial discovery that SIRTs could promote longevity in nematodes and flies, the identification of additional properties of these proteins has led to understanding of their roles as exquisite sensors that link metabolic activity to oxidative states. SIRTs have major roles in biological processes that are important in kidney development and physiological functions, including mitochondrial metabolism, oxidative stress, autophagy, DNA repair and inflammation. Furthermore, altered SIRT activity has been implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of acute and chronic kidney diseases, including acute kidney injury, diabetic kidney disease, chronic kidney disease, polycystic kidney disease, autoimmune diseases and renal ageing. The renoprotective roles of SIRTs in these diseases make them attractive therapeutic targets. A number of SIRT-activating compounds have shown beneficial effects in kidney disease models; however, further research is needed to identify novel SIRT-targeting strategies with the potential to treat and/or prevent the progression of kidney diseases and increase the average human healthspan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Perico
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Remuzzi
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ariela Benigni
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Bergamo, Italy.
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4
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Yuan J, Zhao J, Qin Y, Zhang Y, Wang A, Ma R, Han M, Hui Y, Guo S, Ning X, Sun S. The protective mechanism of SIRT3 and potential therapy in acute kidney injury. QJM 2024; 117:247-255. [PMID: 37354530 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcad152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex clinical syndrome with a poor short-term prognosis, which increases the risk of the development of chronic kidney diseases and end-stage kidney disease. However, the underlying mechanism of AKI remains to be fully elucidated, and effective prevention and therapeutic strategies are still lacking. Given the enormous energy requirements for filtration and absorption, the kidneys are rich in mitochondria, which are unsurprisingly involved in the onset or progression of AKI. Accumulating evidence has recently documented that Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3), one of the most prominent deacetylases highly expressed in the mitochondria, exerts a protective effect on AKI. SIRT3 protects against AKI by regulating energy metabolism, inhibiting oxidative stress, suppressing inflammation, ameliorating apoptosis, inhibiting early-stage fibrosis and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Besides, a number of SIRT3 activators have exhibited renoprotective properties both in animal models and in vitro experiments, but have not yet been applied to clinical practice, indicating a promising therapeutic approach. In this review, we unravel and summarize the recent advances in SIRT3 research and the potential therapy of SIRT3 activators in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinguo Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yunlong Qin
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Nephrology, 980th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistical Support Force (Bethune International Peace Hospital), Shijiazhuang, 050011, China
| | - Yumeng Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Postgraduate Student, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Anjing Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Postgraduate Student, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Geriatric, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
- Department of Postgraduate Student, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, 710021, China
| | - Yueqing Hui
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shuxian Guo
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ning
- Department of Geriatric, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Shiren Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
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5
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Kim MJ, Oh CJ, Hong CW, Jeon JH. Comprehensive overview of the role of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of acute kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury: a narrative review. JOURNAL OF YEUNGNAM MEDICAL SCIENCE 2024; 41:61-73. [PMID: 38351610 DOI: 10.12701/jyms.2023.01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a life-threatening condition that predisposes individuals to chronic kidney disease. Since the kidney is one of the most energy-demanding organs in the human body and mitochondria are the powerhouse of cells, mitochondrial dysfunction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of IR-induced acute kidney injury. Mitochondrial dysfunction causes a reduction in adenosine triphosphate production, loss of mitochondrial dynamics (represented by persistent fragmentation), and impaired mitophagy. Furthermore, the pathological accumulation of succinate resulting from fumarate reduction under oxygen deprivation (ischemia) in the reverse flux of the Krebs cycle can eventually lead to a burst of reactive oxygen species driven by reverse electron transfer during the reperfusion phase. Accumulating evidence indicates that improving mitochondrial function, biogenesis, and dynamics, and normalizing metabolic reprogramming within the mitochondria have the potential to preserve kidney function during IR injury and prevent progression to chronic kidney disease. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the detrimental role of metabolic reprogramming and mitochondrial dysfunction in IR injury and explore potential therapeutic strategies for treating kidney IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chang Joo Oh
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Chang-Won Hong
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jae-Han Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Korea
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6
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Jin Q, Ma F, Liu T, Yang L, Mao H, Wang Y, Peng L, Li P, Zhan Y. Sirtuins in kidney diseases: potential mechanism and therapeutic targets. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:114. [PMID: 38347622 PMCID: PMC10860260 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins, which are NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases, are involved in various biological processes, including DNA damage repair, immune inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial homeostasis, autophagy, and apoptosis. Sirtuins are essential regulators of cellular function and organismal health. Increasing evidence suggests that the development of age-related diseases, including kidney diseases, is associated with aberrant expression of sirtuins, and that regulation of sirtuins expression and activity can effectively improve kidney function and delay the progression of kidney disease. In this review, we summarise current studies highlighting the role of sirtuins in renal diseases. First, we discuss sirtuin family members and their main mechanisms of action. We then outline the possible roles of sirtuins in various cell types in kidney diseases. Finally, we summarise the compounds that activate or inhibit sirtuin activity and that consequently ameliorate renal diseases. In conclusion, targeted modulation of sirtuins is a potential therapeutic strategy for kidney diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jin
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Peng
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Ping Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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7
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Wei W, Li T, Chen J, Fan Z, Gao F, Yu Z, Jiang Y. SIRT3/6: an amazing challenge and opportunity in the fight against fibrosis and aging. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:69. [PMID: 38294557 PMCID: PMC10830597 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a typical aging-related pathological process involving almost all organs, including the heart, kidney, liver, lung, and skin. Fibrogenesis is a highly orchestrated process defined by sequences of cellular response and molecular signals mechanisms underlying the disease. In pathophysiologic conditions associated with organ fibrosis, a variety of injurious stimuli such as metabolic disorders, epigenetic changes, and aging may induce the progression of fibrosis. Sirtuins protein is a kind of deacetylase which can regulate cell metabolism and participate in a variety of cell physiological functions. In this review, we outline our current understanding of common principles of fibrogenic mechanisms and the functional role of SIRT3/6 in aging-related fibrosis. In addition, sequences of novel protective strategies have been identified directly or indirectly according to these mechanisms. Here, we highlight the role and biological function of SIRT3/6 focus on aging fibrosis, as well as their inhibitors and activators as novel preventative or therapeutic interventions for aging-related tissue fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Wei
- School of Queen Mary, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Tian Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jinlong Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nangchang University, 999 Xuefu Rd, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Zhen Fan
- The Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712000, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, 712046, China
| | - Zhibiao Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nangchang University, 999 Xuefu Rd, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Yihao Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nangchang University, 999 Xuefu Rd, Nanchang, 330031, China.
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8
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Nolden KA, Harwig MC, Hill RB. Human Fis1 directly interacts with Drp1 in an evolutionarily conserved manner to promote mitochondrial fission. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105380. [PMID: 37866629 PMCID: PMC10694664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1) and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) are the only two proteins evolutionarily conserved for mitochondrial fission, and directly interact in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to facilitate membrane scission. However, it remains unclear if a direct interaction is conserved in higher eukaryotes as other Drp1 recruiters, not present in yeast, are known. Using NMR, differential scanning fluorimetry, and microscale thermophoresis, we determined that human Fis1 directly interacts with human Drp1 (KD = 12-68 μM), and appears to prevent Drp1 assembly, but not GTP hydrolysis. Similar to yeast, the Fis1-Drp1 interaction appears governed by two structural features of Fis1: its N-terminal arm and a conserved surface. Alanine scanning mutagenesis of the arm identified both loss-of-function and gain-of-function alleles with mitochondrial morphologies ranging from highly elongated (N6A) to highly fragmented (E7A), demonstrating a profound ability of Fis1 to govern morphology in human cells. An integrated analysis identified a conserved Fis1 residue, Y76, that upon substitution to alanine, but not phenylalanine, also caused highly fragmented mitochondria. The similar phenotypic effects of the E7A and Y76A substitutions, along with NMR data, support that intramolecular interactions occur between the arm and a conserved surface on Fis1 to promote Drp1-mediated fission as in S. cerevisiae. These findings indicate that some aspects of Drp1-mediated fission in humans derive from direct Fis1-Drp1 interactions that are conserved across eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A Nolden
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Megan C Harwig
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - R Blake Hill
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
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9
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Neikirk K, Ume AC, Prasad P, Marshall AG, Rockwood J, Wenegieme T, McMichael KE, McReynolds MR, Williams CR, Hinton A. Latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 4: A regulator of mitochondrial function in acute kidney injury. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e14019. [PMID: 37960979 PMCID: PMC10726861 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 4 (LTBP4) was implicated in the pathogenesis of renal damage through its modulation of mitochondrial dynamics. The seminal article written by Su et al. entitled "LTBP4 (Latent Transforming Growth Factor Beta Binding Protein 4) Protects Against Renal Fibrosis via Mitochondrial and Vascular Impacts" uncovers LTBP4's renoprotective role against acute kidney injury via modulating mitochondrial dynamics. Recently, LTBP4 has emerged as a driver in the mitochondrial-dependent modulation of age-related organ pathologies. This article aims to expand our understanding of LTBP4's diverse roles in these diseases in the context of these recent findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Adaku C. Ume
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and PhysiologyWright State UniversityDaytonOhioUSA
| | - Praveena Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
- Huck Institutes of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Andrea G. Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Jananie Rockwood
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and PhysiologyWright State UniversityDaytonOhioUSA
| | - Tara‐Yesomi Wenegieme
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and PhysiologyWright State UniversityDaytonOhioUSA
| | - Kelia E. McMichael
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and PhysiologyWright State UniversityDaytonOhioUSA
| | - Melanie R. McReynolds
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
- Huck Institutes of the Life SciencesPennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Clintoria R. Williams
- Department of Neuroscience, Cell Biology and PhysiologyWright State UniversityDaytonOhioUSA
| | - Antentor Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and BiophysicsVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTennesseeUSA
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Jin Q, Liu T, Ma F, Yang L, Mao H, Wang Y, Li P, Peng L, Zhan Y. Therapeutic application of traditional Chinese medicine in kidney disease: Sirtuins as potential targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115499. [PMID: 37742600 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are a family of NAD+ III-dependent histone deacetylases that consists of seven family members, Sirt1-Sirt7, which regulate various signalling pathways and are involved in many critical biological processes of kidney diseases. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), as an essential part of the global healthcare system, has multi-component and multi-pathway therapeutic characteristics and plays a role in preventing and controlling various diseases. Through ongoing collaboration with modern medicine, TCM has recently achieved many remarkable advancements in theoretical investigation, mechanistic research, and clinical applications related to kidney diseases. Therefore, a comprehensive and systematic summary of TCM that focuses on sirtuins as the intervention target for kidney diseases is necessary. This review introduces the relationship between abnormal sirtuins levels and common kidney diseases, such as diabetic kidney disease and acute kidney injury. Based on the standard biological processes, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, autophagy, mitochondrial homeostasis, and fibrosis, which are underlying kidney diseases, comprehensively describes the roles and regulatory effects of TCM targeting the sirtuins family in various kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jin
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tongtong Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Mao
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuyang Wang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Liang Peng
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Yongli Zhan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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11
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Xiao H, Xie Y, Xi K, Xie J, Liu M, Zhang Y, Cheng Z, Wang W, Guo B, Wu S. Targeting Mitochondrial Sirtuins in Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases and Fibrosis. Aging Dis 2023; 14:1583-1605. [PMID: 37196115 PMCID: PMC10529758 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a natural and complex biological process that is associated with widespread functional declines in numerous physiological processes, terminally affecting multiple organs and tissues. Fibrosis and neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) often occur with aging, imposing large burdens on public health worldwide, and there are currently no effective treatment strategies for these diseases. Mitochondrial sirtuins (SIRT3-5), which are members of the sirtuin family of NAD+-dependent deacylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases, are capable of regulating mitochondrial function by modifying mitochondrial proteins that participate in the regulation of cell survival under various physiological and pathological conditions. A growing body of evidence has revealed that SIRT3-5 exert protective effects against fibrosis in multiple organs and tissues, including the heart, liver, and kidney. SIRT3-5 are also involved in multiple age-related NDs, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. Furthermore, SIRT3-5 have been noted as promising targets for antifibrotic therapies and the treatment of NDs. This review systematically highlights recent advances in knowledge regarding the role of SIRT3-5 in fibrosis and NDs and discusses SIRT3-5 as therapeutic targets for NDs and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoxiang Xiao
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Yuqiao Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Kaiwen Xi
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Jinyi Xie
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Medical School, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
| | - Yangming Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Zishuo Cheng
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Wenting Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Baolin Guo
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
| | - Shengxi Wu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China.
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Hao Y, Zhao L, Zhao JY, Han X, Zhou X. Unveiling the potential of mitochondrial dynamics as a therapeutic strategy for acute kidney injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1244313. [PMID: 37635869 PMCID: PMC10456901 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1244313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), a critical clinical syndrome, has been strongly linked to mitochondrial malfunction. Mitochondria, vital cellular organelles, play a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism and ensuring cell survival. Impaired mitochondrial function in AKI leads to decreased energy generation, elevated oxidative stress, and the initiation of inflammatory cascades, resulting in renal tissue damage and functional impairment. Therefore, mitochondria have gained significant research attention as a potential therapeutic target for AKI. Mitochondrial dynamics, which encompass the adaptive shifts of mitochondria within cellular environments, exert significant influence on mitochondrial function. Modulating these dynamics, such as promoting mitochondrial fusion and inhibiting mitochondrial division, offers opportunities to mitigate renal injury in AKI. Consequently, elucidating the mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dynamics has gained considerable importance, providing valuable insights into mitochondrial regulation and facilitating the development of innovative therapeutic approaches for AKI. This comprehensive review aims to highlight the latest advancements in mitochondrial dynamics research, provide an exhaustive analysis of existing studies investigating the relationship between mitochondrial dynamics and acute injury, and shed light on their implications for AKI. The ultimate goal is to advance the development of more effective therapeutic interventions for managing AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Hao
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Limei Zhao
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Yu Zhao
- The Third Clinical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiutao Han
- The Third Clinical College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, Taiyuan, China
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Lv L, Jiang H, Song D, Zhou X, Chen F, Ren L, Xie Y, Zeng M. Sirt3 improves monosodium urate crystal-induced inflammation by suppressing Acod1 expression. Arthritis Res Ther 2023; 25:121. [PMID: 37468929 PMCID: PMC10354977 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-023-03107-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have revealed that Sirt3 deficiency is associated with several inflammatory responses. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role and potential molecular mechanisms of Sirt3 in the inflammation induced by monosodium urate (MSU) crystals. METHODS The Sirt3 expression level in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with gout was measured. Function and molecular mechanism of Sirt3 in MSU crystal-induced inflammation were investigated in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), C57BL/6 mouse, and Sirt3-/- mouse. RESULTS Sirt3 expression was decreased in the PBMCs of patients with gout. Sirt3 agonist (Viniferin) inhibited the acetylation levels of mitochondrial proteins including the SOD2 protein. RNA sequencing, bio-informatics analysis, RT-PCR, and Western blot demonstrated that Sirt3 could suppress the expression of Acod1 (Irg1), which plays an important role in gout. In BMDMs treated with palmitic acid (C16:0) plus MSU crystals, Acod1 knockdown repressed mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) over-production, macrophage migration, and mitochondrial fragmentation, and Acod1 improved AMPK activity. The over-expression of Acod1 did not significantly affect the level of itaconic acid, but greatly decreased the levels of some important intermediate metabolites of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. These data indicate that Acod1 exerts a pro-inflammatory role in MSU crystal-induced inflammation and is independent of the metabolic level of itaconic acid. Sirt3 deficiency exacerbates inflammatory response induced by MSU crystals in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION The current study has shown that Sirt3 can alleviate the MSU crystal-induced inflammation by inhibiting the expression of Acod1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linxi Lv
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
| | - Dianze Song
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhou
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Long Ren
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Nanchong City, 21# Bajiao Street, Nanchong, 637100, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongen Xie
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- Institute of Rheumatology and Immunology, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China.
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, 1# South Maoyuan Road, Nanchong, 637001, Sichuan, China.
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, 234# Fujiang Road, Nanchong, 637000, Sichuan Province, China.
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Nanchong City, 21# Bajiao Street, Nanchong, 637100, Sichuan, China.
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Su CT, See DHW, Huang YJ, Jao TM, Liu SY, Chou CY, Lai CF, Lin WC, Wang CY, Huang JW, Hung KY. LTBP4 Protects Against Renal Fibrosis via Mitochondrial and Vascular Impacts. Circ Res 2023; 133:71-85. [PMID: 37232163 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a part of natural disease progression, acute kidney injury (AKI) can develop into chronic kidney disease via renal fibrosis and inflammation. LTBP4 (latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 4) regulates transforming growth factor beta, which plays a role in renal fibrosis pathogenesis. We previously investigated the role of LTBP4 in chronic kidney disease. Here, we examined the role of LTBP4 in AKI. METHODS LTBP4 expression was evaluated in human renal tissues, obtained from healthy individuals and patients with AKI, using immunohistochemistry. LTBP4 was knocked down in both C57BL/6 mice and human renal proximal tubular cell line HK-2. AKI was induced in mice and HK-2 cells using ischemia-reperfusion injury and hypoxia, respectively. Mitochondrial division inhibitor 1, an inhibitor of DRP1 (dynamin-related protein 1), was used to reduce mitochondrial fragmentation. Gene and protein expression were then examined to assess inflammation and fibrosis. The results of bioenergetic studies for mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and angiogenesis were assessed. RESULTS LTBP4 expression was upregulated in the renal tissues of patients with AKI. Ltbp4-knockdown mice showed increased renal tissue injury and mitochondrial fragmentation after ischemia-reperfusion injury, as well as increased inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis, and decreased angiogenesis. in vitro studies using HK-2 cells revealed similar results. The energy profiles of Ltbp4-deficient mice and LTBP4-deficient HK-2 cells indicated decreased ATP production. LTBP4-deficient HK-2 cells exhibited decreased mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis. Human aortic endothelial cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells exhibited decreased angiogenesis when treated with LTBP4-knockdown conditioned media. Mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 treatment ameliorated inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis in mice and decreased inflammation and oxidative stress in HK-2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to demonstrate that LTBP4 deficiency increases AKI severity, consequently leading to chronic kidney disease. Potential therapies focusing on LTBP4-associated angiogenesis and LTBP4-regulated DRP1-dependent mitochondrial division are relevant to renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ting Su
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center Hospital, Taipei (C.-T.S., D.H.W.S., Y.-J.H.)
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-T.S., D.H.W.S., C.-Y.C., C.-F.L., W.-C.L., C.-Y.W., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.)
| | - Daniel H W See
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center Hospital, Taipei (C.-T.S., D.H.W.S., Y.-J.H.)
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-T.S., D.H.W.S., C.-Y.C., C.-F.L., W.-C.L., C.-Y.W., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.)
| | - Yue-Jhu Huang
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center Hospital, Taipei (C.-T.S., D.H.W.S., Y.-J.H.)
| | - Tzu-Ming Jao
- Global Innovation Joint-Degree Program International Joint Degree Master's Program in Agro-Biomedical Science in Food and Health, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei (T.-M.J.)
| | - Shin-Yun Liu
- Liver Disease Prevention and Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan (S.-Y.L.)
| | - Chih-Yi Chou
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-T.S., D.H.W.S., C.-Y.C., C.-F.L., W.-C.L., C.-Y.W., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.)
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University, Taipei (C.-Y.W.)
| | - Chun-Fu Lai
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-T.S., D.H.W.S., C.-Y.C., C.-F.L., W.-C.L., C.-Y.W., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.)
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine (C.-F.L.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Wei-Chou Lin
- Department of Pathology (W.-C.L.), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei
| | - Chih-Yuan Wang
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-T.S., D.H.W.S., C.-Y.C., C.-F.L., W.-C.L., C.-Y.W., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.)
| | - Jenq-Wen Huang
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-T.S., D.H.W.S., C.-Y.C., C.-F.L., W.-C.L., C.-Y.W., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.)
- Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Yunlin Branch, Douliu (J.-W.H.)
| | - Kuan-Yu Hung
- National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei (C.-T.S., D.H.W.S., C.-Y.C., C.-F.L., W.-C.L., C.-Y.W., J.-W.H., K.-Y.H.)
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Nolden KA, Harwig MC, Hill RB. Human Fis1 directly interacts with Drp1 in an evolutionarily conserved manner to promote mitochondrial fission. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.03.539292. [PMID: 37205551 PMCID: PMC10187221 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.03.539292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial Fission Protein 1 (Fis1) and Dynamin Related Protein 1 (Drp1) are the only two proteins evolutionarily conserved for mitochondrial fission, and directly interact in S. cerevisiae to facilitate membrane scission. However, it remains unclear if a direct interaction is conserved in higher eukaryotes as other Drp1 recruiters, not present in yeast, are known. Using NMR, differential scanning fluorimetry, and microscale thermophoresis, we determined that human Fis1 directly interacts with human Drp1 ( K D = 12-68 µM), and appears to prevent Drp1 assembly, but not GTP hydrolysis. Similar to yeast, the Fis1-Drp1 interaction appears governed by two structural features of Fis1: its N-terminal arm and a conserved surface. Alanine scanning mutagenesis of the arm identified both loss- and gain-of-function alleles with mitochondrial morphologies ranging from highly elongated (N6A) to highly fragmented (E7A) demonstrating a profound ability of Fis1 to govern morphology in human cells. An integrated analysis identified a conserved Fis1 residue, Y76, that upon substitution to alanine, but not phenylalanine, also caused highly fragmented mitochondria. The similar phenotypic effects of the E7A and Y76A substitutions, along with NMR data, support that intramolecular interactions occur between the arm and a conserved surface on Fis1 to promote Drp1-mediated fission as in S. cerevisiae . These findings indicate that some aspects of Drp1-mediated fission in humans derive from direct Fis1-Drp1 interactions that are conserved across eukaryotes.
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Qin L, Xi S. The role of Mitochondrial Fission Proteins in Mitochondrial Dynamics in Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314725. [PMID: 36499050 PMCID: PMC9736104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria have many forms and can change their shape through fusion and fission of the outer and inner membranes, called "mitochondrial dynamics". Mitochondrial outer membrane proteins, such as mitochondrial fission protein 1 (FIS1), mitochondrial fission factor (MFF), mitochondrial 98 dynamics proteins of 49 kDa (MiD49), and mitochondrial dynamics proteins of 51 kDa (MiD51), can aggregate at the outer mitochondrial membrane and thus attract Dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) from the cytoplasm to the outer mitochondrial membrane, where DRP1 can perform a scissor-like function to cut a complete mitochondrion into two separate mitochondria. Other organelles can promote mitochondrial fission alongside mitochondria. FIS1 plays an important role in mitochondrial-lysosomal contacts, differentiating itself from other mitochondrial-fission-associated proteins. The contact between the two can also induce asymmetric mitochondrial fission. The kidney is a mitochondria-rich organ, requiring large amounts of mitochondria to produce energy for blood circulation and waste elimination. Pathological increases in mitochondrial fission can lead to kidney damage that can be ameliorated by suppressing their excessive fission. This article reviews the current knowledge on the key role of mitochondrial-fission-associated proteins in the pathogenesis of kidney injury and the role of their various post-translational modifications in activation or degradation of fission-associated proteins and targeted drug therapy.
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Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant Mitoquinone Maintains Mitochondrial Homeostasis through the Sirt3-Dependent Pathway to Mitigate Oxidative Damage Caused by Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:2213503. [PMID: 36193071 PMCID: PMC9526615 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2213503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a critical factor contributing to oxidative stress and apoptosis in ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) diseases. Mitoquinone (MitoQ) is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant whose potent anti-I/R injury capacity has been demonstrated in organs such as the heart and the intestine. In the present study, we explored the role of MitoQ in maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and attenuating oxidative damage in renal I/R injury. We discovered that the decreased renal function and pathological damage caused by renal I/R injury were significantly ameliorated by MitoQ. MitoQ markedly reversed mitochondrial damage after I/R injury and inhibited renal reactive oxygen species production. In vitro, hypoxia/reoxygenation resulted in increased mitochondrial fission and decreased mitochondrial fusion in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2), which were partially prevented by MitoQ. MitoQ treatment inhibited oxidative stress and reduced apoptosis in HK-2 cells by restoring mitochondrial membrane potential, promoting ATP production, and facilitating mitochondrial fusion. Deeply, renal I/R injury led to a decreased expression of sirtuin-3 (Sirt3), which was recovered by MitoQ. Moreover, the inhibition of Sirt3 partially eliminated the protective effect of MitoQ on mitochondria and increased oxidative damage. Overall, our data demonstrate a mitochondrial protective effect of MitoQ, which raises the possibility of MitoQ as a novel therapy for renal I/R.
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Li T, Chen Y, Li Y, Chen G, Zhao Y, Su G. Antifibrotic effect of AD-1 on lipopolysaccharide-mediated fibroblast injury in L929 cells and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Food Funct 2022; 13:7650-7665. [PMID: 35735105 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo04212b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
20(R)-25-methoxyl-dammarane-3β,12β,20-triol (25-OCH3-PPD, AD-1) is a dammarane ginsenoside that is isolated from Panax notoginseng. The present study aimed to explore its anti-pulmonary fibrosis (PF) effect in vitro and in vivo. L929 cells were treated with 10 μg mL-1 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to establish a PF model in vitro and mice were administered with 3.5 mg kg-1 bleomycin (BLM) by endotracheal intubation to establish a PF model in vivo for investigating the anti-PF effect and its potential mechanism. The results demonstrated that AD-1 reduced the injury, extracellular matrix (ECM) buildup and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) protein expression levels of L929 induced by LPS. Oral administration of AD-1 downregulated the expression of interleukins (such as IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18), increased the expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH), reduced the lung coefficient and the content of hydroxyproline (HYP), and mediated the Bax/Bcl-2 protein ratio and P-p53, β-catenin and SIRT3 expression in the lung tissue of mice. Furthermore, AD-1 inhibited the expression levels of TGF-β1, TIMP-1 and α-SMA and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition in the lung tissue of PF mice. These results indicated that AD-1 could alleviate PF both in vitro and in vivo, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the decrease in ECM deposition and inflammation, the enhancement of antioxidant capacity, and the mediation of lung cell apoptosis and the TGF-β1/TIMP-1/α-SMA signaling pathway, which provide a theoretical basis for the rehabilitation treatment of PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China. .,Key Laboratory of Nature Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P.R. China.
| | - Yu Chen
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yuan Li
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China. .,Basic medical teaching and Research Department, Liaoning Vocational College of Medicine, Shenyang 110101, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Yuqing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nature Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, P.R. China.
| | - Guangyue Su
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Combination of Perindopril Erbumine and Huangqi-Danshen Decoction Protects Against Chronic Kidney Disease via Sirtuin3/Mitochondrial Dynamics Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5812105. [PMID: 35677375 PMCID: PMC9170396 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5812105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem worldwide. Treatment with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors can achieve only partial efficacy on renal function decline and renal fibrosis in CKD patients. Huangqi-Danshen decoction (HDD) is a basic Chinese herbal pair which is commonly used to treat CKD with good efficacy. Objectives The current study aimed to investigate the effect of perindopril erbumine (PE), an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, combined with HDD on adenine-induced CKD rat model and explore the possible mechanism from Sirtuin3/mitochondrial dynamics pathway. Method CKD rat model was established by feeding of 0.75% w/w adenine containing diet for 3 weeks. At the same time, the treatment groups were given PE (0.42 mg/kg/d) or HDD (4.7 g/kg/d) or PE combined with HDD by gavage for 4 weeks. Renal function was evaluated by the levels of serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The renal pathological injury was observed by periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson's trichrome staining. Proteins expression was determined by Western blot analysis. Mitochondrial morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Results PE in combination with HDD significantly improved renal function, reduced tubular injury and interstitial fibrosis in adenine-induced CKD rats. Moreover, PE + HDD treatment mainly activated the Sirtuin3 expression level. In addition, PE + HDD exhibited bidirectional regulation on mitochondrial dynamics by suppressing mitochondrial fission protein dynaminrelated protein 1 expression and elevating mitochondrial fusion protein optic atrophy 1 expression, resulted in restraint of mitochondrial fragmentation. Conclusion The combination of PE and HDD attenuated adenine-induced CKD in rats, which was possibly associated with Sirtuin3/mitochondrial dynamics pathway.
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