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Saini P, Anugula S, Fong YW. The Role of ATP-Binding Cassette Proteins in Stem Cell Pluripotency. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1868. [PMID: 37509507 PMCID: PMC10377311 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are highly proliferative cells that can self-renew indefinitely in vitro. Upon receiving appropriate signals, PSCs undergo differentiation and can generate every cell type in the body. These unique properties of PSCs require specific gene expression patterns that define stem cell identity and dynamic regulation of intracellular metabolism to support cell growth and cell fate transitions. PSCs are prone to DNA damage due to elevated replicative and transcriptional stress. Therefore, mechanisms to prevent deleterious mutations in PSCs that compromise stem cell function or increase the risk of tumor formation from becoming amplified and propagated to progenitor cells are essential for embryonic development and for using PSCs including induced PSCs (iPSCs) as a cell source for regenerative medicine. In this review, we discuss the role of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily in maintaining PSC homeostasis, and propose how their activities can influence cellular signaling and stem cell fate decisions. Finally, we highlight recent discoveries that not all ABC family members perform only canonical metabolite and peptide transport functions in PSCs; rather, they can participate in diverse cellular processes from genome surveillance to gene transcription and mRNA translation, which are likely to maintain the pristine state of PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Saini
- Brigham Regenerative Medicine Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (P.S.); (S.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Sharath Anugula
- Brigham Regenerative Medicine Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (P.S.); (S.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Yick W. Fong
- Brigham Regenerative Medicine Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (P.S.); (S.A.)
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
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2
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A Simplified and Effective Approach for the Isolation of Small Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from Human Peripheral Blood. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030787. [PMID: 36979766 PMCID: PMC10045871 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells are key players in regenerative medicine. Embryonic pluripotent stem cells, despite their significant advantages, are associated with limitations such as their inadequate availability and the ethical dilemmas in their isolation and clinical use. The discovery of very small embryonic-like (VSEL) stem cells addressed the aforementioned limitations, but their isolation technique remains a challenge due to their small cell size and their efficiency in isolation. Here, we report a simplified and effective approach for the isolation of small pluripotent stem cells derived from human peripheral blood. Our approach results in a high yield of small blood stem cell (SBSC) population, which expresses pluripotent embryonic markers (e.g., Nanog, SSEA-3) and the Yamanaka factors. Further, a fraction of SBSCs also co-express hematopoietic markers (e.g., CD45 and CD90) and/or mesenchymal markers (e.g., CD29, CD105 and PTH1R), suggesting a mixed stem cell population. Finally, quantitative proteomic profiling reveals that SBSCs contain various stem cell markers (CD9, ITGA6, MAPK1, MTHFD1, STAT3, HSPB1, HSPA4), and Transcription reg complex factors (e.g., STAT5B, PDLIM1, ANXA2, ATF6, CAMK1). In conclusion, we present a novel, simplified and effective isolating process that yields an abundant population of small-sized cells with characteristics of pluripotency from human peripheral blood.
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Özvegy-Laczka C, Ungvári O, Bakos É. Fluorescence-based methods for studying activity and drug-drug interactions of hepatic solute carrier and ATP binding cassette proteins involved in ADME-Tox. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 209:115448. [PMID: 36758706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
In humans, approximately 70% of drugs are eliminated through the liver. This process is governed by the concerted action of membrane transporters and metabolic enzymes. Transporters mediating hepatocellular uptake of drugs belong to the SLC (Solute carrier) superfamily of transporters. Drug efflux either toward the portal vein or into the bile is mainly mediated by active transporters of the ABC (ATP Binding Cassette) family. Alteration in the function and/or expression of liver transporters due to mutations, disease conditions, or co-administration of drugs or food components can result in altered pharmacokinetics. On the other hand, drugs or food components interacting with liver transporters may also interfere with liver function (e.g., bile acid homeostasis) and may even cause liver toxicity. Accordingly, certain transporters of the liver should be investigated already at an early stage of drug development. Most frequently radioactive probes are applied in these drug-transporter interaction tests. However, fluorescent probes are cost-effective and sensitive alternatives to radioligands, and are gaining wider application in drug-transporter interaction tests. In our review, we summarize our current understanding about hepatocyte ABC and SLC transporters affected by drug interactions. We provide an update of the available fluorescent and fluorogenic/activable probes applicable in in vitro or in vivo testing of these ABC and SLC transporters, including near-infrared transporter probes especially suitable for in vivo imaging. Furthermore, our review gives a comprehensive overview of the available fluorescence-based methods, not directly relying on the transport of the probe, suitable for the investigation of hepatic ABC or SLC-type drug transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Özvegy-Laczka
- Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Hungary.
| | - Orsolya Ungvári
- Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Hungary; Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Éva Bakos
- Institute of Enzymology, RCNS, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, H-1117 Budapest, Magyar tudósok krt. 2., Hungary
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4
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Abstract
Live cell discrimination is the first and essential step to understand complex biosystems. Conventional cell discrimination involving various antibodies relies on selective surface biomarkers. Compared to antibodies, the fluorescent probe strategy allows the utilisation of intracellular biomarkers, providing broader options with unique chemical principles to achieve the live cell distinction. In general, fluorescent probes can be retained in cells by interacting with biomolecules, accumulating via transporters, and participating in metabolism. Based on the target difference, fluorescent probe strategy can be divided into several categories: protein-oriented live cell distinction (POLD), carbohydrate-oriented live cell distinction (COLD), DNA-oriented live cell distinction (DOLD), gating-oriented live cell distinction (GOLD), metabolism-oriented live cell distinction (MOLD) and lipid-oriented live cell distinction (LOLD). In this review, we will outline the concepts and mechanisms of different strategies, introduce their applications in cell-type discrimination, and discuss their advantages and challenges in this area. We expect this tutorial will provide a new perspective on the mechanisms of fluorescent probe strategy and facilitate the development of cell-type-specific probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Liu
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea. .,Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
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5
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Saini A, Singh J, Kumar S. Optically superior fluorescent probes for selective imaging of cells, tumors, and reactive chemical species. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:5208-5236. [PMID: 34037048 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00509j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent chemical probes have become powerful tools to study biological events in living cells. They provide a great opportunity to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the physiological and biochemical properties of living cells in real time. The ability of researchers to manipulate these probes for a desired specific purpose has turned many heads in the scientific community. Despite a slow start, fluorescent probe research has seen exponential growth over the last decade in the world. This change required some adventurous and creative scientists from different fields-like biology, medicine, and chemistry-to come together to facilitate the constant expansion of this field. This review article introduces some fundamental concepts related to fluorescent probe designing and development. It also summarizes various fluorescent probes with superior optical properties used in fields like cell biology, cellular imaging, medical research, and cancer diagnosis. It is hoped that this article will encourage more young and creative scientists to contribute their talents to this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Saini
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Jyoti Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
| | - Sonu Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007, India.
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Ichikawa M, Negoro R, Kawai K, Yamashita T, Takayama K, Mizuguchi H. Vinblastine treatment decreases the undifferentiated cell contamination of human iPSC-derived intestinal epithelial-like cells. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2021; 20:463-472. [PMID: 33614822 PMCID: PMC7868938 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived intestinal epithelial cells (hiPSC-IECs) are expected to be utilized in regenerative medicine. To perform a safe transplantation without the risk of tumor formation, residual undifferentiated hiPSCs must be removed from hiPSC-IECs. In this study, we examined whether vinblastine (a multiple drug resistance 1 [MDR1] substrate) could remove residual undifferentiated hiPSCs in hiPSC-IECs and attempted to generate hiPSC-IECs applicable to transplantation medicine. We found that the expression levels of pluripotent markers were largely decreased and those of intestinal markers were increased by vinblastine treatment. The treatment of undifferentiated hiPSCs with vinblastine significantly decreased their viability. These results suggested that undifferentiated hiPSCs can be eliminated from hiPSC-IECs by vinblastine treatment. We hypothesized that MDR1-negative cells (such as undifferentiated hiPSCs) die upon vinblastine treatment because they are unable to excrete vinblastine. As expected, the cell viability of MDR1-knockout hiPSC-IECs was significantly decreased by vinblastine treatment. Furthermore, teratomas were formed by subcutaneous transplantation of hiPSC-IECs mixed with undifferentiated hiPSCs into mice, but they were not observed when the transplanted cells were pre-treated with vinblastine. Vinblastine-treated hiPSC-IECs would be an effective cell source for safe regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moe Ichikawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Negoro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kanae Kawai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Laboratory of Hepatocyte Regulation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yamashita
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Laboratory of Hepatocyte Regulation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka 567-0085, Japan.,Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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7
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Sriram S, Kang NY, Subramanian S, Nandi T, Sudhagar S, Xing Q, Tong GJL, Chen AKL, Srijaya TC, Tan P, Loh YH, Chang YT, Sugii S. Novel live cell fluorescent probe for human-induced pluripotent stem cells highlights early reprogramming population. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:113. [PMID: 33546754 PMCID: PMC7866770 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent rapid progress in method development and biological understanding of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, there has been a relative shortage of tools that monitor the early reprogramming process into human iPS cells. METHODS We screened the in-house built fluorescent library compounds that specifically bind human iPS cells. After tertiary screening, the selected probe was analyzed for its ability to detect reprogramming cells in the time-dependent manner using high-content imaging analysis. The probe was compared with conventional dyes in different reprogramming methods, cell types, and cell culture conditions. Cell sorting was performed with the fluorescent probe to analyze the early reprogramming cells for their pluripotent characteristics and genome-wide gene expression signatures by RNA-seq. Finally, the candidate reprogramming factor identified was investigated for its ability to modulate reprogramming efficiency. RESULTS We identified a novel BODIPY-derived fluorescent probe, BDL-E5, which detects live human iPS cells at the early reprogramming stage. BDL-E5 can recognize authentic reprogramming cells around 7 days before iPS colonies are formed and stained positive with conventional pluripotent markers. Cell sorting of reprogrammed cells with BDL-E5 allowed generation of an increased number and higher quality of iPS cells. RNA sequencing analysis of BDL-E5-positive versus negative cells revealed early reprogramming patterns of gene expression, which notably included CREB1. Reprogramming efficiency was significantly increased by overexpression of CREB1 and decreased by knockdown of CREB1. CONCLUSION Collectively, BDL-E5 offers a valuable tool for delineating the early reprogramming pathway and clinically applicable commercial production of human iPS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Sriram
- Fat Metabolism and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Nam-Young Kang
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667, Singapore.,Department of Creative IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Subha Subramanian
- Fat Metabolism and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Tannistha Nandi
- Cancer Therapeutics and Stratified Oncology, Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome #02-01, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Samydurai Sudhagar
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, #02-01, Singapore, 138672, Singapore
| | - Qiaorui Xing
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore
| | - Gerine Jin-Ling Tong
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | - Allen Kuan-Liang Chen
- Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, 20 Biopolis Way, #06-01 Centros, Singapore, 138668, Singapore
| | | | - Patrick Tan
- Genome Institute of Singapore, 60 Biopolis Street, Genome, #02-01, Singapore, 138672, Singapore.,Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore.,SingHealth/Duke-NUS Institute of Precision Medicine, Singapore, 168752, Singapore
| | - Yuin-Han Loh
- Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore, 138673, Singapore.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, POSTECH, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea.,Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Shigeki Sugii
- Fat Metabolism and Stem Cell Group, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, A*STAR, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138667, Singapore. .,Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore, 169857, Singapore. .,Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, A*STAR, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore, 138669, Singapore.
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8
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Miyagi-Shiohira C, Saitoh I, Watanabe M, Noguchi H. Kyoto probe-1 reveals phenotypic differences between mouse ES cells and iTS-P cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18084. [PMID: 33093580 PMCID: PMC7582910 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Kyoto probe 1 (KP-1) rapidly distinguishes between human ES/iPS (hES/iPS) cells and their differentiated cells. Recently, we generated induced tissue-specific stem cells from pancreas (iTS-P cells) using reprogramming factors and tissue-specific selection. The iTS-P cells have self-renewal potential, and subcutaneously transplanting them into immunodeficient mice did not generate teratomas. In this study, we applied KP-1 to analyze mouse ES (mES) cells and mouse iTS-P (miTS-P) cells. KP-1 completely stained mES cells in colonies, but only miTS-P cells at the edge of a colony. This difference was caused by cell type-specific expression of different ABC transporters. These finding suggest that KP-1 will be useful for distinguishing between iPS and iTS-P cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Miyagi-Shiohira
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan
| | - Issei Saitoh
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, 951-8514, Japan
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Noguchi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, 207 Uehara, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0215, Japan.
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9
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Castillo EA, Lane KV, Pruitt BL. Micromechanobiology: Focusing on the Cardiac Cell-Substrate Interface. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2020; 22:257-284. [PMID: 32501769 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-092019-034950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Engineered, in vitro cardiac cell and tissue systems provide test beds for the study of cardiac development, cellular disease processes, and drug responses in a dish. Much effort has focused on improving the structure and function of engineered cardiomyocytes and heart tissues. However, these parameters depend critically on signaling through the cellular microenvironment in terms of ligand composition, matrix stiffness, and substrate mechanical properties-that is, matrix micromechanobiology. To facilitate improvements to in vitro microenvironment design, we review how cardiomyocytes and their microenvironment change during development and disease in terms of integrin expression and extracellular matrix (ECM) composition. We also discuss strategies used to bind proteins to common mechanobiology platforms and describe important differences in binding strength to the substrate. Finally, we review example biomaterial approaches designed to support and probe cell-ECM interactions of cardiomyocytes in vitro, as well as open questions and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica A Castillo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA; .,Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA;
| | - Kerry V Lane
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA;
| | - Beth L Pruitt
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA; .,Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA;
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10
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Molugu K, Harkness T, Carlson-Stevermer J, Prestil R, Piscopo NJ, Seymour SK, Knight GT, Ashton RS, Saha K. Tracking and Predicting Human Somatic Cell Reprogramming Using Nuclear Characteristics. Biophys J 2020; 118:2086-2102. [PMID: 31699335 PMCID: PMC7203070 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of human somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generates valuable resources for disease modeling, toxicology, cell therapy, and regenerative medicine. However, the reprogramming process can be stochastic and inefficient, creating many partially reprogrammed intermediates and non-reprogrammed cells in addition to fully reprogrammed iPSCs. Much of the work to identify, evaluate, and enrich for iPSCs during reprogramming relies on methods that fix, destroy, or singularize cell cultures, thereby disrupting each cell's microenvironment. Here, we develop a micropatterned substrate that allows for dynamic live-cell microscopy of hundreds of cell subpopulations undergoing reprogramming while preserving many of the biophysical and biochemical cues within the cells' microenvironment. On this substrate, we were able to both watch and physically confine cells into discrete islands during the reprogramming of human somatic cells from skin biopsies and blood draws obtained from healthy donors. Using high-content analysis, we identified a combination of eight nuclear characteristics that can be used to generate a computational model to predict the progression of reprogramming and distinguish partially reprogrammed cells from those that are fully reprogrammed. This approach to track reprogramming in situ using micropatterned substrates could aid in biomanufacturing of therapeutically relevant iPSCs and be used to elucidate multiscale cellular changes (cell-cell interactions as well as subcellular changes) that accompany human cell fate transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaivalya Molugu
- Graduate Program in Biophysics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ty Harkness
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jared Carlson-Stevermer
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Ryan Prestil
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Nicole J Piscopo
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Stephanie K Seymour
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Gavin T Knight
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Randolph S Ashton
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Krishanu Saha
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin.
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11
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Negoro R, Kawai K, Ichikawa M, Deguchi S, Takayama K, Mizuguchi H. Establishment of MDR1-knockout human induced pluripotent stem cell line. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2020; 35:288-296. [PMID: 32303458 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple drug resistance 1 (MDR1) is highly expressed in various organs, including the liver, small intestine, and blood-brain barrier (BBB). Because MDR1 plays important roles in the excretion of many drugs, it is necessary to evaluate whether drug candidates are potential substrates of MDR1. Recently, many researchers have shown that human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived differentiated cells such as hepatocytes and enterocytes can be applied for pharmacokinetic testing. Here, we attempted to generate MDR1-knockout (KO) iPS cell lines using genome editing technology. The correctly targeted human iPS cell lines were successfully obtained. The expression levels of pluripotent markers in human iPS cells were not changed by MDR1 knockout. The gene expression levels of hepatic markers in MDR1-KO iPS-derived hepatocyte-like cells were higher than those in undifferentiated MDR1-KO iPS cells, suggesting that MDR1-KO iPS cells have hepatic differentiation capacity. In addition, MDR1 expression levels were hardly detected in MDR1-KO iPS cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells. We thus succeeded in establishing MDR1-KO iPS cell lines that could be utilized for pharmacokinetic testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Negoro
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kanae Kawai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Moe Ichikawa
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Sayaka Deguchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Hepatocyte Regulation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan
| | - Kazuo Takayama
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Hepatocyte Regulation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Mizuguchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Laboratory of Hepatocyte Regulation, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, 567-0085, Japan; Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan; Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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12
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Choi YK, Kim JJ, Chang YT. Holding-Oriented versus Gating-Oriented Live-Cell Distinction: Highlighting the Role of Transporters in Cell Imaging Probe Development. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:3097-3107. [PMID: 31265234 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Small molecule imaging probes are powerful tools to understand complex biological systems. The mainstreams of imaging probe developments have been focused on the target holding of the probes; the holding targets are often cell-type-specific biomarkers. This type of the probe mechanism can be designated as holding-oriented live-cell distinction (HOLD). Our group has worked on the development of cell-type-selective probes using a diversity-oriented fluorescence library approach (DOFLA), where unbiased phenotypic screening is employed using fluorescent library compounds. Through the conventional target identification methods such as an affinity-based analysis, we elucidated that some of the probe mechanisms are HOLD. However, we also realized that sometimes there is no specific holding target for probes or the holding targets are ubiquitous. The observation led us to test an alternative mechanism of cell-type-specific probes as gating-oriented live-cell distinction (GOLD). We started to examine the gating mechanism of probes, which is mainly based on transporters but which does not necessarily require probe holding to cellular targets. Transporters can control the in and out movement of various nutrients and chemicals. Different expression levels of transporters in various cell types could provide the molecular mechanism of differential staining of cells by regulating the intracellular accumulation of a certain specific probe. A number of GOLD probes have been developed by modifying or mimicking endogenous substrates of transporters such as inorganic ions, glucose, amino acids, or neurotransmitters, utilizing broad substrate specificity of transporters. The radiolabeled or fluorophore-conjugated substrate mimetics have been widely used for live cell distinction and various applications such as disease-related cell or tissue imaging. In humans, there are about 400 solute carrier (SLC) transporters and 50 ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Since some transporters have broad substrate specificity, they can transport not only derivatives of endogenous natural substrates but also totally synthetic diverse imaging probes, such as DOFLA probes. Without preconsidering the structure of endogenous substrates, we recently demonstrated a series of live-cell imaging probes and elucidated their molecular mechanism as a gating one, either by SLC or ABC transporters. Transporter inhibitor panel and CRISPR-based transporter libraries could provide a systematic gating target elucidation platform. Considering the generality of DOFLA and the CRISPR-based genomic tool for transporter systems (>450 in humans), the GOLD approach will offer new insight and promise for unprecedented levels of novel cell imaging probe development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Kyu Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Jin Kim
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
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13
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Mao D, Chung XKW, Andoh-Noda T, Qin Y, Sato SI, Takemoto Y, Akamatsu W, Okano H, Uesugi M. Chemical decontamination of iPS cell-derived neural cell mixtures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:1355-1358. [PMID: 29350722 DOI: 10.1039/c7cc08686e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the design and evaluation of phosphorylated 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38-P), which selectively eliminates tumor-forming proliferative stem cells, including human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) and neural stem cells, from iPSC-derived neural cell mixtures. Results of the present study demonstrate that simple phosphorylation of an anticancer drug can provide a safe, cost-effective, and chemically-defined tool for decontaminating hiPSC-derived neuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Mao
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.
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14
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Cho SJ, Kim KT, Kim JS, Kwon OS, Go YH, Kang NY, Heo H, Kim MR, Han DW, Moon SH, Chang YT, Cha HJ. A fluorescent chemical probe CDy9 selectively stains and enables the isolation of live naïve mouse embryonic stem cells. Biomaterials 2018; 180:12-23. [PMID: 30014963 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human and mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) differ in terms of their pluripotency status, i.e., naïve vs. primed. This affects various biological properties and leads to several technical hurdles for future clinical applications, such as difficulties in chimera formation, single-cell passaging, and gene editing. In terms of generating functional human tissues and organs via mammalian interspecies chimerism, a fluorescent chemical probe that specifically labels naïve ESCs would help to isolate these cells and monitor their conversion. This study demonstrates that the fluorescent chemical probe compound of designation yellow 9 (CDy9) selectively stains naïve, but not primed, mouse ESCs (mESCs). CDy9 entered cells via Slc13a5, a highly expressed membrane transporter in naïve mESCs. Fluorescence-based cell sorting based on CDy9 staining successfully separated naïve mESCs from primed mESCs. Mice generated using CDy9+ cells isolated during the conversion of mouse epiblast stem cells into naïve mESCs exhibited coat color chimerism. Furthermore, CDy9 specifically stained cells in the inner cell mass of mouse embryos. These findings suggest that CDy9 is a useful tool to isolate functional naïve mESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ju Cho
- Department of Life Sciences Sogang University, 35 Baeckbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun-Tae Kim
- Department of Life Sciences Sogang University, 35 Baeckbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Kim
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Seon Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyun Go
- Department of Life Sciences Sogang University, 35 Baeckbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Young Kang
- Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 11 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138667, Singapore
| | - Haejeong Heo
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Rang Kim
- Personalized Genomic Medicine Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Han
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio-Organ Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyuk-Jin Cha
- College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Jeong HC, Cho SJ, Lee MO, Cha HJ. Technical approaches to induce selective cell death of pluripotent stem cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:2601-2611. [PMID: 28246701 PMCID: PMC11107638 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2486-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Despite the recent promising results of clinical trials using human pluripotent stem cell (hPSC)-based cell therapies for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the risk of teratoma formation resulting from residual undifferentiated hPSCs remains a serious and critical hurdle for broader clinical implementation. To mitigate the tumorigenic risk of hPSC-based cell therapy, a variety of approaches have been examined to ablate the undifferentiated hPSCs based on the unique molecular properties of hPSCs. In the present review, we offer a brief overview of recent attempts at selective elimination of undifferentiated hPSCs to decrease the risk of teratoma formation in hPSC-based cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho-Chang Jeong
- Dept. of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Sogang University, #1 Sinsu-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul,, 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ju Cho
- Dept. of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Sogang University, #1 Sinsu-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul,, 121-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Ok Lee
- Stem Cell Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon,, 305-806, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyuk-Jin Cha
- Dept. of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Sogang University, #1 Sinsu-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul,, 121-742, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Efficient, Selective Removal of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells via Ecto-Alkaline Phosphatase-Mediated Aggregation of Synthetic Peptides. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:685-694.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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17
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Jeong HC, Choo SS, Kim KT, Hong KS, Moon SH, Cha HJ, Kim TH. Conductive hybrid matrigel layer to enhance electrochemical signals of human embryonic stem cells. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B: CHEMICAL 2017; 242:224-230. [DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2016.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
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18
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Mao D, Ando S, Sato SI, Qin Y, Hirata N, Katsuda Y, Kawase E, Kuo TF, Minami I, Shiba Y, Ueda K, Nakatsuji N, Uesugi M. A Synthetic Hybrid Molecule for the Selective Removal of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells from Cell Mixtures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201610284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Mao
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Shin Ando
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Sato
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Ying Qin
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Nao Hirata
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Yousuke Katsuda
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Eihachiro Kawase
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences; Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8507 Japan
| | - Ting-Fang Kuo
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
| | - Itsunari Minami
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8501 Japan
| | - Yuji Shiba
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; School of Medicine; Shinshu University; Matsumoto 390-8621 Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Ueda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8502 Japan
| | - Norio Nakatsuji
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS); Kyoto University; Kyoto 606-8507 Japan
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research; Kyoto University, Uji; Kyoto 611-0011 Japan
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19
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Fahy D, Sanad MNME, Duscha K, Lyons M, Liu F, Bozhkov P, Kunz HH, Hu J, Neuhaus HE, Steel PG, Smertenko A. Impact of salt stress, cell death, and autophagy on peroxisomes: quantitative and morphological analyses using small fluorescent probe N-BODIPY. Sci Rep 2017; 7:39069. [PMID: 28145408 PMCID: PMC5286434 DOI: 10.1038/srep39069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant peroxisomes maintain a plethora of key life processes including fatty acid β-oxidation, photorespiration, synthesis of hormones, and homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Abundance of peroxisomes in cells is dynamic; however mechanisms controlling peroxisome proliferation remain poorly understood because measuring peroxisome abundance is technically challenging. Counting peroxisomes in individual cells of complex organs by electron or fluorescence microscopy is expensive and time consuming. Here we present a simple technique for quantifying peroxisome abundance using the small probe Nitro-BODIPY, which in vivo fluoresces selectively inside peroxisomes. The physiological relevance of our technique was demonstrated using salinity as a known inducer of peroxisome proliferation. While significant peroxisome proliferation was observed in wild-type Arabidopsis leaves following 5-hour exposure to NaCl, no proliferation was detected in the salt-susceptible mutants fry1-6, sos1-14, and sos1-15. We also found that N-BODIPY detects aggregation of peroxisomes during final stages of programmed cell death and can be used as a marker of this stage. Furthermore, accumulation of peroxisomes in an autophagy-deficient Arabidopsis mutant atg5 correlated with N-BODIPY labeling. In conclusion, the technique reported here enables quantification of peroxisomes in plant material at various physiological settings. Its potential applications encompass identification of genes controlling peroxisome homeostasis and capturing stress-tolerant genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deirdre Fahy
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, USA
| | - Marwa N M E Sanad
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, USA
- Department of Genetics and Cytology, National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Kerstin Duscha
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schrödinger Straße, Kaiserslautern, D-67653, Germany
| | - Madison Lyons
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, USA
| | - Fuquan Liu
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 18-30 Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, UK
| | - Peter Bozhkov
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, PO Box 7015, Uppsala, SE-75007, Sweden
| | - Hans-Henning Kunz
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, USA
| | - Jianping Hu
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, 612 Wilson Road, East Lansing, 48824, MI, USA
| | - H Ekkehard Neuhaus
- Plant Physiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin Schrödinger Straße, Kaiserslautern, D-67653, Germany
| | - Patrick G Steel
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Andrei Smertenko
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, WA, USA.
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, 18-30 Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BN, UK.
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20
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O'Brien CM, Chy HS, Zhou Q, Blumenfeld S, Lambshead JW, Liu X, Kie J, Capaldo BD, Chung TL, Adams TE, Phan T, Bentley JD, McKinstry WJ, Oliva K, McMurrick PJ, Wang YC, Rossello FJ, Lindeman GJ, Chen D, Jarde T, Clark AT, Abud HE, Visvader JE, Nefzger CM, Polo JM, Loring JF, Laslett AL. New Monoclonal Antibodies to Defined Cell Surface Proteins on Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2017; 35:626-640. [PMID: 28009074 PMCID: PMC5412944 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The study and application of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) will be enhanced by the availability of well‐characterized monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) detecting cell‐surface epitopes. Here, we report generation of seven new mAbs that detect cell surface proteins present on live and fixed human ES cells (hESCs) and human iPS cells (hiPSCs), confirming our previous prediction that these proteins were present on the cell surface of hPSCs. The mAbs all show a high correlation with POU5F1 (OCT4) expression and other hPSC surface markers (TRA‐160 and SSEA‐4) in hPSC cultures and detect rare OCT4 positive cells in differentiated cell cultures. These mAbs are immunoreactive to cell surface protein epitopes on both primed and naive state hPSCs, providing useful research tools to investigate the cellular mechanisms underlying human pluripotency and states of cellular reprogramming. In addition, we report that subsets of the seven new mAbs are also immunoreactive to human bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), normal human breast subsets and both normal and tumorigenic colorectal cell populations. The mAbs reported here should accelerate the investigation of the nature of pluripotency, and enable development of robust cell separation and tracing technologies to enrich or deplete for hPSCs and other human stem and somatic cell types. Stem Cells2017;35:626–640
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmel M O'Brien
- Clayton and Parkville, CSIRO Manufacturing, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hun S Chy
- Clayton and Parkville, CSIRO Manufacturing, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Qi Zhou
- Clayton and Parkville, CSIRO Manufacturing, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Jack W Lambshead
- Clayton and Parkville, CSIRO Manufacturing, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joshua Kie
- Clayton and Parkville, CSIRO Manufacturing, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bianca D Capaldo
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute (WEHI), Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology
| | - Tung-Liang Chung
- Clayton and Parkville, CSIRO Manufacturing, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Timothy E Adams
- Clayton and Parkville, CSIRO Manufacturing, Victoria, Australia
| | - Tram Phan
- Clayton and Parkville, CSIRO Manufacturing, Victoria, Australia
| | - John D Bentley
- Clayton and Parkville, CSIRO Manufacturing, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Karen Oliva
- Department of Surgery, Cabrini Monash University, Malvern, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul J McMurrick
- Department of Surgery, Cabrini Monash University, Malvern, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yu-Chieh Wang
- Department of Chemical Physiology.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Fernando J Rossello
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Geoffrey J Lindeman
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute (WEHI), Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Thierry Jarde
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute.,Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Amander T Clark
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Helen E Abud
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute
| | - Jane E Visvader
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute (WEHI), Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology
| | - Christian M Nefzger
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jose M Polo
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeanne F Loring
- Department of Chemical Physiology.,Center for Regenerative Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Andrew L Laslett
- Clayton and Parkville, CSIRO Manufacturing, Victoria, Australia.,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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21
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Mao D, Ando S, Sato SI, Qin Y, Hirata N, Katsuda Y, Kawase E, Kuo TF, Minami I, Shiba Y, Ueda K, Nakatsuji N, Uesugi M. A Synthetic Hybrid Molecule for the Selective Removal of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells from Cell Mixtures. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:1765-1770. [PMID: 28067441 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201610284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
A major hurdle in stem cell therapy is the tumorigenic risk of residual undifferentiated stem cells. This report describes the design and evaluation of synthetic hybrid molecules that efficiently reduce the number of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) in cell mixtures. The design takes advantage of Kyoto probe 1 (KP-1), a fluorescent chemical probe for hiPSCs, and clinically used anticancer drugs. Among the KP-1-drug conjugates we synthesized, we found an exceptionally selective, chemically tractable molecule that induced the death of hiPSCs. Mechanistic analysis suggested that the high selectivity originates from the synergistic combination of transporter-mediated efflux and the cytotoxicity mode of action. The present study offers a chemical and mechanistic rationale for designing selective, safe, and simple reagents for the preparation of non-tumorigenic clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Mao
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shin Ando
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Sato
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Ying Qin
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Nao Hirata
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Yousuke Katsuda
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Eihachiro Kawase
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Ting-Fang Kuo
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
| | - Itsunari Minami
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Yuji Shiba
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Ueda
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Norio Nakatsuji
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences and Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, 611-0011, Japan
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22
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Kim B, Feng S, Yun SW, Leong C, Satapathy R, Wan SYD, Chang YT. A Fluorescent Probe for Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells with High Differentiation Capability into Neurons. Chembiochem 2016; 17:2118-2122. [PMID: 27782351 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Selection of a specific neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) has attracted broad attention in regenerative medicine for neurological disorders. Here, we report a fluorescent probe, CDg13, and its application for isolating strong neurogenic NSPCs. In comparison to the NSPCs isolated by other biomarkers, CDg13-stained NSPCs showed higher capability to differentiate into neurons. Target identification revealed that the fluorescence intensity of the probe within cells is inversely proportional to the expression levels of mouse and human Abcg2 transporters. These findings suggest that low Abcg2 expression is a biomarker for neurogenic NSPCs in mouse brain. Furthermore, CDg13 can be used to isolate Abcg2low cells from heterogeneous cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beomsue Kim
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Suihan Feng
- Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Seong-Wook Yun
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Leong
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Rudrakanta Satapathy
- Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
| | - Si Yan Diana Wan
- Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Programme, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117543, Singapore.,Laboratory of Bioimaging Probe Development, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Singapore, 138667, Singapore
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23
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Cho SJ, Kim SY, Park SJ, Song N, Kwon HY, Kang NY, Moon SH, Chang YT, Cha HJ. Photodynamic Approach for Teratoma-Free Pluripotent Stem Cell Therapy Using CDy1 and Visible Light. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2016; 2:604-607. [PMID: 27725957 PMCID: PMC5043430 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.6b00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pluripotent stem cells (PSC) are promising resources for regeneration therapy, but teratoma formation is one of the critical problems for safe clinical application. After differentiation, the precise detection and subsequent elimination of undifferentiated PSC is essential for teratoma-free stem cell therapy, but a practical procedure is yet to be developed. CDy1, a PSC specific fluorescent probe, was investigated for the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and demonstrated to induce selective death of PSC upon visible light irradiation. Importantly, the CDy1 and/or light irradiation did not negatively affect differentiated endothelial cells. The photodynamic treatment of PSC with CDy1 and visible light irradiation confirmed the inhibition of teratoma formation in mice, and suggests a promising new approach to safe PSC-based cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ju Cho
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sogang University, 35 Baeckbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
- Research
Institute for Basic Sciences, Sogang University, 35 Baeckbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Kim
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sogang University, 35 Baeckbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Jung Park
- Department
of Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk
University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Naree Song
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Haw-Young Kwon
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Nam-Young Kang
- Singapore
Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC) Agency for Science, Technology and Research
(A-STAR) 11 Biopolis
Way, #02-02 Helios, 138667, Singapore
| | - Sung-Hwan Moon
- Department
of Medicine, School of Medicine, Konkuk
University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Singapore
Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC) Agency for Science, Technology and Research
(A-STAR) 11 Biopolis
Way, #02-02 Helios, 138667, Singapore
- E-mail:
| | - Hyuk-Jin Cha
- Department
of Life Sciences, Sogang University, 35 Baeckbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
- E-mail:
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24
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Parr CJC, Katayama S, Miki K, Kuang Y, Yoshida Y, Morizane A, Takahashi J, Yamanaka S, Saito H. MicroRNA-302 switch to identify and eliminate undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32532. [PMID: 27608814 PMCID: PMC5016789 DOI: 10.1038/srep32532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The efficiency of pluripotent stem cell differentiation is highly variable, often resulting in heterogeneous populations that contain undifferentiated cells. Here we developed a sensitive, target-specific, and general method for removing undesired cells before transplantation. MicroRNA-302a-5p (miR-302a) is highly and specifically expressed in human pluripotent stem cells and gradually decreases to basal levels during differentiation. We synthesized a new RNA tool, miR-switch, as a live-cell reporter mRNA for miR-302a activity that can specifically detect human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) down to a spiked level of 0.05% of hiPSCs in a heterogeneous population and can prevent teratoma formation in an in vivo tumorigenicity assay. Automated and selective hiPSC-elimination was achieved by controlling puromycin resistance using the miR-302a switch. Our system uniquely provides sensitive detection of pluripotent stem cells and partially differentiated cells. In addition to its ability to eliminate undifferentiated cells, miR-302a switch also holds great potential in investigating the dynamics of differentiation and/or reprograming of live-cells based on intracellular information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callum J C Parr
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shota Katayama
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenji Miki
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yi Kuang
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yoshida
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Asuka Morizane
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Application, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamanaka
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Hirohide Saito
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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25
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Takaya J, Uesugi M. Chemical Biological Analysis of TRPA1 Activation Mechanism. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2016. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.74.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Motonari Uesugi
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS) and Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University
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26
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In situ label-free quantification of human pluripotent stem cells with electrochemical potential. Biomaterials 2016; 75:250-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 10/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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27
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Apáti Á, Szebényi K, Erdei Z, Várady G, Orbán TI, Sarkadi B. The importance of drug transporters in human pluripotent stem cells and in early tissue differentiation. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 12:77-92. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2016.1121382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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28
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Kameishi S, Umemoto T, Matsuzaki Y, Fujita M, Okano T, Kato T, Yamato M. Characterization of rabbit limbal epithelial side population cells using RNA sequencing and single-cell qRT-PCR. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 473:704-9. [PMID: 26546824 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Corneal epithelial stem cells reside in the limbus, a transitional zone between the cornea and conjunctiva, and are essential for maintaining homeostasis in the corneal epithelium. Although our previous studies demonstrated that rabbit limbal epithelial side population (SP) cells exhibit stem cell-like phenotypes with Hoechst 33342 staining, the different characteristics and/or populations of these cells remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we determined the gene expression profiles of limbal epithelial SP cells by RNA sequencing using not only present public databases but also contigs that were created by de novo transcriptome assembly as references for mapping. Our transcriptome data indicated that limbal epithelial SP cells exhibited a stem cell-like phenotype compared with non-SP cells. Importantly, gene ontology analysis following RNA sequencing demonstrated that limbal epithelial SP cells exhibited significantly enhanced expression of mesenchymal/endothelial cell markers rather than epithelial cell markers. Furthermore, single-cell quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) demonstrated that the limbal epithelial SP population consisted of at least two immature cell populations with endothelial- or mesenchymal-like phenotypes. Therefore, our present results may propose the presence of a novel population of corneal epithelial stem cells distinct from conventional epithelial stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumako Kameishi
- Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan; Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Terumasa Umemoto
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Matsuzaki
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Fujita
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teruo Okano
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biology, School of Education, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamato
- Institute of Advanced Biomedical Engineering and Science, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
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29
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Szepesi Á, Matula Z, Szigeti A, Várady G, Szabó G, Uher F, Sarkadi B, Német K. ABCG2 is a selectable marker for enhanced multilineage differentiation potential in periodontal ligament stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:244-52. [PMID: 25101689 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) provide an important source for tissue regeneration and may become especially useful in the formation of osteogenic seeds. PDLSCs can be cultured, expanded, and differentiated in vitro; thus, they may be applied in the long-term treatment of the defects in the dental regions. Here we studied numerous potential markers allowing the selection of human PDLSCs with a maximum differentiation potential. We followed the expression of the ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) membrane transporter protein and isolated ABCG2-expressing cells by using a monoclonal antibody, recognizing the transporter at the cell surface in intact cells. The expression of the ABCG2 protein, corresponding to the so-called side-population phenotype in various tissue-derived stem cells, was found to be a useful marker for the selection of PDLSCs with enhanced osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. These findings may have important applications in achieving efficient dental tissue regeneration by using stem cells from extracted teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Áron Szepesi
- 1 Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Budapest, Hungary
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30
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Copy number variants associated with epilepsy from gene expression microarrays. J Clin Neurosci 2015; 22:1907-10. [PMID: 26275332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2015.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to identify novel copy number variations (CNV) that might contribute to the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Epilepsy is a common brain disorder characterized by recurring seizures and various serious comorbidities, including respiratory, cardiovascular, and neurologic dysfunction. CNV have recently been considered as important risk factors for epilepsy. With public gene expression data from brain tissue of 23 epilepsy patients and 23 healthy controls, we detected CNV using the R language package CAFÉ. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction validation was performed in a further nine patients and 10 controls. Functional analyses of the genes in the validated CNV were also carried out, using Ingenuity pathway analysis. Three copy number abnormalities (19q13.33, 19q13.11 and 4q35.1) were detected with the gene expression data. The duplication in 19q13.33 (approximately 1.22 million bases) was further validated in three additional epilepsy patients, and the deletion in 19q13.11 (approximately 855 kilobases) was further validated in another two epilepsy patients. The functional analyses of the genes in these two CNV suggested that they may be involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. The CNV that we detected may be common genetic etiological factors of epilepsy, and there is potential for the identification of a novel biomarker for treatment from these CNV regions.
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31
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Fardel O, Le Vee M, Jouan E, Denizot C, Parmentier Y. Nature and uses of fluorescent dyes for drug transporter studies. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:1233-51. [PMID: 26050735 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1053462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Drug transporters are now recognized as major players involved in pharmacokinetics and toxicology. Methods for assessing their activity are important to consider, particularly owing to regulatory requirements with respect to inhibition of drug transporter activity and prediction of drug-drug interactions. In this context, the use of fluorescent-dye-based transport assays is likely to deserve attention. AREAS COVERED This review provides an overview of the nature of fluorescent dye substrates for ATP-binding cassette and solute carrier drug transporters. Their use for investigating drug transporter activity in cultured cells and clinical hematological samples, drug transporter inhibition, drug transporter imaging and drug transport at the organ level are summarized. EXPERT OPINION A wide range of fluorescent dyes is now available for use in various aspects of drug transporter studies. The use of these dyes for transporter analyses may, however, be hampered by classic pitfalls of fluorescence technology, such as quenching. Transporter-independent processes such as passive diffusion of dyes through plasma membrane or dye sequestration into subcellular compartments must also be considered, as well as the redundant handling by various distinct transporters of some fluorescent probes. Finally, standardization of dye-based transport assays remains an important on-going issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Fardel
- Institut de Recherches en Santé, Environnement et Travail (IRSET) , UMR INSERM U1085, Faculté de Pharmacie, 2 Avenue du Pr Léon Bernard, 35043 Rennes , France
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32
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Challenges and opportunities toward enabling phenotypic screening of complex and 3D cell models. Future Med Chem 2015; 7:513-25. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc.14.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasingly, organotypic cellular platforms are being recognized as useful tools in drug discovery. This review offers an industry-centric perspective on the benefits of emerging complex cell models over conventional 2D systems, as well as the challenges and opportunities for incorporating these multidimensional platforms into high-density formats. We particularly highlight the need for novel chemical sensors to noninvasively quantitate 3D structures in real time, and we contend that the use of more focused chemical and genomics libraries will enable screening of complex cell models derived from primary and induced pluripotent stem cells. Finally, we offer outlooks on several emerging technologies that show great potential for future integration of complex cell systems into contemporary drug screening.
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33
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Zhang D, Jiang W. From One-Cell to Tissue: Reprogramming, Cell Differentiation and Tissue Engineering. Bioscience 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/biosci/biv016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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34
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Lee JS, Lee JW, Kang N, Ha HH, Chang YT. Diversity-Oriented Approach for Chemical Biology. CHEM REC 2015; 15:495-510. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201402087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Seok Lee
- Molecular Recognition Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST); 39-1 Hawolgok-dong Seoul 136-791 Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Science and Technology (UST); 113 Gwahank-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Natural Product Research Center; Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST); 679 Saimdang-ro Gangneung Ganwon-do 210-340 Republic of Korea
- Department of Biological Chemistry; University of Science and Technology (UST); 113 Gwahank-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 305-333 Republic of Korea
| | - Namyoung Kang
- Lab of Bioimaging Probe Development; Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), 11 Biopolis Way, #02-02 Helios; Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
| | - Hyung-Ho Ha
- College of Pharmacy; Sunchon National University; Sunchon 540-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Lab of Bioimaging Probe Development; Singapore Bioimaging Consortium (SBIC), 11 Biopolis Way, #02-02 Helios; Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR); Singapore 138667 Singapore
- Department of Chemistry and Medicinal Chemistry Program; National University of Singapore (NUS); 3 Science Drive 3 Singapore 117543 Singapore
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35
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Shiraishi T, Kagechika H, Hirano T. 6-Arylcoumarins: versatile scaffolds for fluorescent sensors. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01609f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
6-Arylcoumarins are available as versatile scaffolds for various types of fluorescent sensors like those for cation and viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Shiraishi
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
- Tokyo 101-0062
- Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
- Tokyo 101-0062
- Japan
| | - Tomoya Hirano
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU)
- Tokyo 101-0062
- Japan
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36
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Intracellular protein-responsive supramolecules: protein sensing and in-cell construction of inhibitor assay system. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:16635-42. [PMID: 25361466 DOI: 10.1021/ja508955y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular nanomaterials responsive to specific intracellular proteins should be greatly promising for protein sensing and imaging, controlled drug release or dynamic regulation of cellular processes. However, valid design strategies to create useful probes are poorly developed, particularly for proteins inside living cells as targets. We recently reported a unique supramolecular strategy for specific protein detection using self-assembling fluorescent probes consisting of a protein ligand and a fluorophore on the live cell surface, as well as in test tube settings. Herein, we discovered that our self-assembled supramolecular probes having a rhodamine derivative (tetramethylrhodamine or rhodamine-green) can incorporate and stay as less-fluorescent aggregates inside the living cells, so as to sense the protein activity in a reversible manner. Using the overexpressed model protein (dihydrofolate reductase), we demonstrated that this turn-on/off mode is controlled by selective ligand-protein recognition inside the live cells. Not only such a model protein, but also endogenous human carbonic anhydrase and heat shock protein 90 were specifically visualized in living mammalian cells, by use of the similar ligand-tethered supramolecular probes. Furthermore, such reversibility allowed us to intracellularly construct a unique system to evaluate the inhibitors affinity toward specific endogenous proteins in live cells, highlighting the potential of dynamic supramolecules as novel intelligent biomaterials.
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37
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Kuo TF, Mao D, Hirata N, Khambu B, Kimura Y, Kawase E, Shimogawa H, Ojika M, Nakatsuji N, Ueda K, Uesugi M. Selective elimination of human pluripotent stem cells by a marine natural product derivative. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:9798-801. [PMID: 24992689 DOI: 10.1021/ja501795c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
One of the current obstacles to stem cell therapy is the tumorigenic potential of residual undifferentiated stem cells. The present study reports rediscovery of a synthetic derivative of okadaic acid, a marine polyether toxin, as a reagent that selectively induces the death of human pluripotent stem cells. Cell-based screening of 333 cytotoxic compounds identified methyl 27-deoxy-27-oxookadaate (molecule 1) as a substrate of two ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, ABCB1 (MDR1) and ABCG2 (BCRP), whose expression is repressed in human embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. The results demonstrate that selective elimination of human pluripotent stem cells can be achieved by designing cytotoxic small molecules with appropriate ABC-transporter selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Fang Kuo
- Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences (WPI-iCeMS), Kyoto University , Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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38
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A small-molecule label for stem cells. Nat Methods 2014. [DOI: 10.1038/nmeth.2949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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