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Herr LM, Schaffer ED, Fuchs KF, Datta A, Brosh RM. Replication stress as a driver of cellular senescence and aging. Commun Biol 2024; 7:616. [PMID: 38777831 PMCID: PMC11111458 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06263-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Replication stress refers to slowing or stalling of replication fork progression during DNA synthesis that disrupts faithful copying of the genome. While long considered a nexus for DNA damage, the role of replication stress in aging is under-appreciated. The consequential role of replication stress in promotion of organismal aging phenotypes is evidenced by an extensive list of hereditary accelerated aging disorders marked by molecular defects in factors that promote replication fork progression and operate uniquely in the replication stress response. Additionally, recent studies have revealed cellular pathways and phenotypes elicited by replication stress that align with designated hallmarks of aging. Here we review recent advances demonstrating the role of replication stress as an ultimate driver of cellular senescence and aging. We discuss clinical implications of the intriguing links between cellular senescence and aging including application of senotherapeutic approaches in the context of replication stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Herr
- Helicases and Genomic Integrity Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ethan D Schaffer
- Helicases and Genomic Integrity Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kathleen F Fuchs
- Helicases and Genomic Integrity Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arindam Datta
- Helicases and Genomic Integrity Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Robert M Brosh
- Helicases and Genomic Integrity Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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2
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Holl K, Chatain N, Krapp S, Baumeister J, Maié T, Schmitz S, Scheufen A, Brock N, Koschmieder S, Moreno-Andrés D. Calreticulin and JAK2V617F driver mutations induce distinct mitotic defects in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2810. [PMID: 38308077 PMCID: PMC10837458 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) encompass a diverse group of hematologic disorders driven by mutations in JAK2, CALR, or MPL. The prevailing working model explaining how these driver mutations induce different disease phenotypes is based on the decisive influence of the cellular microenvironment and the acquisition of additional mutations. Here, we report increased levels of chromatin segregation errors in hematopoietic cells stably expressing CALRdel52 or JAK2V617F mutations. Our investigations employing murine 32DMPL and human erythroleukemic TF-1MPL cells demonstrate a link between CALRdel52 or JAK2V617F expression and a compromised spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), a phenomenon contributing to error-prone mitosis. This defective SAC is associated with imbalances in the recruitment of SAC factors to mitotic kinetochores upon CALRdel52 or JAK2V617F expression. We show that JAK2 mutant CD34 + MPN patient-derived cells exhibit reduced expression of the master mitotic regulators PLK1, aurora kinase B, and PP2A catalytic subunit. Furthermore, the expression profile of mitotic regulators in CD34 + patient-derived cells allows to faithfully distinguish patients from healthy controls, as well as to differentiate primary and secondary myelofibrosis from essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera. Altogether, our data suggest alterations in mitotic regulation as a potential driver in the pathogenesis in MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Holl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Chatain
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Susanne Krapp
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Julian Baumeister
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Tiago Maié
- Institute for Computational Genomics, Joint Research Center for Computational Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sarah Schmitz
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anja Scheufen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nathalie Brock
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Steffen Koschmieder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Düsseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany
| | - Daniel Moreno-Andrés
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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3
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Mo C, Shiozaki Y, Omabe K, Liu Y. Understanding the Human RECQ5 Helicase-Connecting the Dots from DNA to Clinics. Cells 2023; 12:2037. [PMID: 37626846 PMCID: PMC10453775 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
RECQ5, a member of the conserved RECQ helicase family, is the sole human RECQ homolog that has not been linked to a hereditary developmental syndrome. Nonetheless, dysregulation of RECQ5 has emerged as a significant clinical concern, being linked to cancer predisposition, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation. In cells, RECQ5 assumes a crucial role in the regulation of DNA repair pathways, particularly in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and inter-strand DNA crosslinks. Moreover, RECQ5 exhibits a capacity to modulate gene expression by interacting with transcription machineries and their co-regulatory proteins, thus safeguarding against transcription-induced DNA damage. This review aims to provide an overview of the multifaceted functions of RECQ5 and its implications in maintaining genomic stability. We will discuss the potential effects of clinical variants of RECQ5 on its cellular functions and their underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of cancer and cardiovascular disease. We will review the impact of RECQ5 variants in the field of pharmacogenomics, specifically their influence on drug responses, which may pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions targeting RECQ5 in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yilun Liu
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010-3000, USA
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4
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Philip KT, Dutta K, Chakraborty S, Patro BS. Functional inhibition of RECQL5 helicase elicits non-homologous end joining response and sensitivity of breast cancers to PARP inhibitor. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 161:106443. [PMID: 37392863 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2023.106443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Poly (ADPRibose) Polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) are clinically approved for the treatment of BRCA-mutated hereditary breast and ovarian cancers with homologous recombination (HR) deficiency, based on synthetic lethality concept. However, ∼90% of breast cancers are BRCA-wild type; they repair PARPi mediated damage through HR, leading to intrinsic de novo resistance. Hence, there is an unmet need of exploring novel targets in HR-proficient aggressive breast cancers for PARPi treatment. RECQL5 physically interacts and disrupts RAD51 from pre-synaptic filaments, aiding HR resolution, replication fork protection and preventing illegitimate recombination. In the current investigation, we show that targeted inhibition of HR by stabilization of RAD51-RECQL5 complex by a pharmacological inhibitor of RECQL5 (4a; 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivative) in the presence of PARPi [talazoparib (BMN673)] leads to abolition of functional HR with uncontrolled activation of NHEJ repair. This was assessed by GFP based NHEJ reporter assay, KU80 recruitment and in vitro NHEJ based plasmid ligation assay. Concomitant treatment with talazoparib and 4a generates copious amounts of replication stress, prolonged cell cycle arrest, extensive double strand breaks (DSBs) and mitotic catastrophe, leading to sensitization of HR-proficient breast cancers. Suppression of NHEJ activity abolishes 4a-mediated sensitization of breast cancers to PARPi treatment. Imperatively, 4a was ineffective against normal mammary epithelial cells, which expresses low RECQL5 vis-à-vis breast cancer cells. Moreover, functional inhibition of RECQL5 suppresses metastatic potential of breast cancer cells in response to PARPi. Together, we identified RECQL5 as a novel pharmacological target for expanding PARPi based treatment horizon for HR-proficient cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krupa Thankam Philip
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Kartik Dutta
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Saikat Chakraborty
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
| | - Birija Sankar Patro
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
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5
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Braunstein EM, Imada E, Pasca S, Wang S, Chen H, Alba C, Hupalo DN, Wilkerson M, Dalgard CL, Ghannam J, Liu Y, Marchionni L, Moliterno A, Hourigan CS, Gondek LP. Recurrent germline variant in ATM associated with familial myeloproliferative neoplasms. Leukemia 2023; 37:627-635. [PMID: 36543879 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-022-01797-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Genetic predisposition (familial risk) in the myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) is more common than the risk observed in most other cancers, including breast, prostate, and colon. Up to 10% of MPNs are considered to be familial. Recent genome-wide association studies have identified genomic loci associated with an MPN diagnosis. However, the identification of variants with functional contributions to the development of MPN remains limited. In this study, we have included 630 MPN patients and whole genome sequencing was performed in 64 individuals with familial MPN to uncover recurrent germline predisposition variants. Both targeted and unbiased filtering of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) was performed, with a comparison to 218 individuals with MPN unselected for familial status. This approach identified an ATM L2307F SNV occurring in nearly 8% of individuals with familial MPN. Structural protein modeling of this variant suggested stabilization of inactive ATM dimer, and alteration of the endogenous ATM locus in a human myeloid cell line resulted in decreased phosphorylation of the downstream tumor suppressor CHEK2. These results implicate ATM, and the DNA-damage response pathway, in predisposition to MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan M Braunstein
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eddie Imada
- Division of Computational and Systems Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sergiu Pasca
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hang Chen
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Committee on Genetics, Genomics and Systems Biology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Camille Alba
- Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dan N Hupalo
- Henry Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Wilkerson
- Department of Anatomy Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Clifton L Dalgard
- The American Genome Center, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Anatomy Physiology & Genetics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack Ghannam
- Laboratory of Myeloid Malignancies, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yujia Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luigi Marchionni
- Division of Computational and Systems Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alison Moliterno
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher S Hourigan
- Laboratory of Myeloid Malignancies, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lukasz P Gondek
- Division of Hematological Malignancies, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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6
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Mustafa AHM, Krämer OH. Pharmacological Modulation of the Crosstalk between Aberrant Janus Kinase Signaling and Epigenetic Modifiers of the Histone Deacetylase Family to Treat Cancer. Pharmacol Rev 2023; 75:35-61. [PMID: 36752816 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.122.000612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperactivated Janus kinase (JAK) signaling is an appreciated drug target in human cancers. Numerous mutant JAK molecules as well as inherent and acquired drug resistance mechanisms limit the efficacy of JAK inhibitors (JAKi). There is accumulating evidence that epigenetic mechanisms control JAK-dependent signaling cascades. Like JAKs, epigenetic modifiers of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) family regulate the growth and development of cells and are often dysregulated in cancer cells. The notion that inhibitors of histone deacetylases (HDACi) abrogate oncogenic JAK-dependent signaling cascades illustrates an intricate crosstalk between JAKs and HDACs. Here, we summarize how structurally divergent, broad-acting as well as isoenzyme-specific HDACi, hybrid fusion pharmacophores containing JAKi and HDACi, and proteolysis targeting chimeras for JAKs inactivate the four JAK proteins JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and tyrosine kinase-2. These agents suppress aberrant JAK activity through specific transcription-dependent processes and mechanisms that alter the phosphorylation and stability of JAKs. Pharmacological inhibition of HDACs abrogates allosteric activation of JAKs, overcomes limitations of ATP-competitive type 1 and type 2 JAKi, and interacts favorably with JAKi. Since such findings were collected in cultured cells, experimental animals, and cancer patients, we condense preclinical and translational relevance. We also discuss how future research on acetylation-dependent mechanisms that regulate JAKs might allow the rational design of improved treatments for cancer patients. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Reversible lysine-ɛ-N acetylation and deacetylation cycles control phosphorylation-dependent Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling. The intricate crosstalk between these fundamental molecular mechanisms provides opportunities for pharmacological intervention strategies with modern small molecule inhibitors. This could help patients suffering from cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Al-Hassan M Mustafa
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (A.-H.M.M., O.H.K.) and Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt (A.-H.M.M.)
| | - Oliver H Krämer
- Department of Toxicology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (A.-H.M.M., O.H.K.) and Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt (A.-H.M.M.)
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7
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Gou P, Zhang W, Giraudier S. Insights into the Potential Mechanisms of JAK2V617F Somatic Mutation Contributing Distinct Phenotypes in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031013. [PMID: 35162937 PMCID: PMC8835324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are a group of blood cancers in which the bone marrow (BM) produces an overabundance of erythrocyte, white blood cells, or platelets. Philadelphia chromosome-negative MPN has three subtypes, including polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). The over proliferation of blood cells is often associated with somatic mutations, such as JAK2, CALR, and MPL. JAK2V617F is present in 95% of PV and 50–60% of ET and PMF. Based on current molecular dynamics simulations of full JAK2 and the crystal structure of individual domains, it suggests that JAK2 maintains basal activity through self-inhibition, whereas other domains and linkers directly/indirectly enhance this self-inhibited state. Nevertheless, the JAK2V617F mutation is not the only determinant of MPN phenotype, as many normal individuals carry the JAK2V617F mutation without a disease phenotype. Here we review the major MPN phenotypes, JAK-STAT pathways, and mechanisms of development based on structural biology, while also describing the impact of other contributing factors such as gene mutation allele burden, JAK-STAT-related signaling pathways, epigenetic modifications, immune responses, and lifestyle on different MPN phenotypes. The cross-linking of these elements constitutes a complex network of interactions and generates differences in individual and cellular contexts that determine the phenotypic development of MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panhong Gou
- Laboratoire UMRS-1131, Ecole doctorale 561, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- INSERM UMR-S1131, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (P.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, Université de Paris, 75013 Paris, France;
| | - Stephane Giraudier
- Laboratoire UMRS-1131, Ecole doctorale 561, Université de Paris, 75010 Paris, France
- INSERM UMR-S1131, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
- Service de Biologie Cellulaire, Hôpital Saint-Louis, AP-HP, 75010 Paris, France
- Correspondence: (P.G.); (S.G.)
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8
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Jiang Y, Meyers TJ, Emeka AA, Cooley LF, Cooper PR, Lancki N, Helenowski I, Kachuri L, Lin DW, Stanford JL, Newcomb LF, Kolb S, Finelli A, Fleshner NE, Komisarenko M, Eastham JA, Ehdaie B, Benfante N, Logothetis CJ, Gregg JR, Perez CA, Garza S, Kim J, Marks LS, Delfin M, Barsa D, Vesprini D, Klotz LH, Loblaw A, Mamedov A, Goldenberg SL, Higano CS, Spillane M, Wu E, Carter HB, Pavlovich CP, Mamawala M, Landis T, Carroll PR, Chan JM, Cooperberg MR, Cowan JE, Morgan TM, Siddiqui J, Martin R, Klein EA, Brittain K, Gotwald P, Barocas DA, Dallmer JR, Gordetsky JB, Steele P, Kundu SD, Stockdale J, Roobol MJ, Venderbos LD, Sanda MG, Arnold R, Patil D, Evans CP, Dall’Era MA, Vij A, Costello AJ, Chow K, Corcoran NM, Rais-Bahrami S, Phares C, Scherr DS, Flynn T, Karnes RJ, Koch M, Dhondt CR, Nelson JB, McBride D, Cookson MS, Stratton KL, Farriester S, Hemken E, Stadler WM, Pera T, Banionyte D, Bianco FJ, Lopez IH, Loeb S, Taneja SS, Byrne N, Amling CL, Martinez A, Boileau L, Gaylis FD, Petkewicz J, Kirwen N, Helfand BT, Xu J, Scholtens DM, Catalona WJ, Witte JS. Genetic Factors Associated with Prostate Cancer Conversion from Active Surveillance to Treatment. HGG ADVANCES 2022; 3:100070. [PMID: 34993496 PMCID: PMC8725988 DOI: 10.1016/j.xhgg.2021.100070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Men diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer (PC) are increasingly electing active surveillance (AS) as their initial management strategy. While this may reduce the side effects of treatment for prostate cancer, many men on AS eventually convert to active treatment. PC is one of the most heritable cancers, and genetic factors that predispose to aggressive tumors may help distinguish men who are more likely to discontinue AS. To investigate this, we undertook a multi-institutional genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 5,222 PC patients and 1,139 other patients from replication cohorts, all of whom initially elected AS and were followed over time for the potential outcome of conversion from AS to active treatment. In the GWAS we detected 18 variants associated with conversion, 15 of which were not previously associated with PC risk. With a transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS), we found two genes associated with conversion (MAST3, p = 6.9×10-7 and GAB2, p = 2.0×10-6). Moreover, increasing values of a previously validated 269-variant genetic risk score (GRS) for PC was positively associated with conversion (e.g., comparing the highest to the two middle deciles gave a hazard ratio [HR] = 1.13; 95% Confidence Interval [CI]= 0.94-1.36); whereas, decreasing values of a 36-variant GRS for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were positively associated with conversion (e.g., comparing the lowest to the two middle deciles gave a HR = 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50). These results suggest that germline genetics may help inform and individualize the decision of AS-or the intensity of monitoring on AS-versus treatment for the initial management of patients with low-risk PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Travis J. Meyers
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Adaeze A. Emeka
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lauren Folgosa Cooley
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Phillip R. Cooper
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nicola Lancki
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Irene Helenowski
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Linda Kachuri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Daniel W. Lin
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Janet L. Stanford
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Lisa F. Newcomb
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Prevention Program, Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Suzanne Kolb
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Cancer Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, School of Public Health, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Antonio Finelli
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Neil E. Fleshner
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maria Komisarenko
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James A. Eastham
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Behfar Ehdaie
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicole Benfante
- Urology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher J. Logothetis
- Departments of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Justin R. Gregg
- Departments of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cherie A. Perez
- Departments of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sergio Garza
- Departments of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeri Kim
- Departments of Genitourinary Medical Oncology and Urology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leonard S. Marks
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Merdie Delfin
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Danielle Barsa
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Danny Vesprini
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health and Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laurence H. Klotz
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health and Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Loblaw
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health and Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alexandre Mamedov
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health and Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S. Larry Goldenberg
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Celestia S. Higano
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Maria Spillane
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Eugenia Wu
- Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - H. Ballentine Carter
- Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christian P. Pavlovich
- Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mufaddal Mamawala
- Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Tricia Landis
- Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter R. Carroll
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - June M. Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew R. Cooperberg
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Janet E. Cowan
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Todd M. Morgan
- Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Javed Siddiqui
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rabia Martin
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eric A. Klein
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Karen Brittain
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Paige Gotwald
- Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Daniel A. Barocas
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jeremiah R. Dallmer
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer B. Gordetsky
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pam Steele
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shilajit D. Kundu
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jazmine Stockdale
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Monique J. Roobol
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lionne D.F. Venderbos
- Department of Urology, Erasmus Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin G. Sanda
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rebecca Arnold
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dattatraya Patil
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christopher P. Evans
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Marc A. Dall’Era
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Anjali Vij
- Department of Urologic Surgery, University of California, Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Anthony J. Costello
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ken Chow
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Niall M. Corcoran
- Department of Urology, Royal Melbourne Hospital and University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Soroush Rais-Bahrami
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Courtney Phares
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Douglas S. Scherr
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Flynn
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Michael Koch
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Courtney Rose Dhondt
- Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Joel B. Nelson
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Dawn McBride
- Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Michael S. Cookson
- Department of Urology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Kelly L. Stratton
- Department of Urology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Stephen Farriester
- Department of Urology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Erin Hemken
- Department of Urology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Tuula Pera
- University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Stacy Loeb
- Departments of Urology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health and Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samir S. Taneja
- Departments of Urology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health and Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nataliya Byrne
- Departments of Urology and Population Health, New York University Langone Health and Manhattan Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Ann Martinez
- Department of Urology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Luc Boileau
- Department of Urology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Franklin D. Gaylis
- Genesis Healthcare Partners, Department of Urology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Kirwen
- Division of Urology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Brian T. Helfand
- Division of Urology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Division of Urology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Denise M. Scholtens
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - William J. Catalona
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - John S. Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
- Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Departments of Epidemiology and Population Health, Biomedical Data Science, and Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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9
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From Metcalf to myeloproliferative neoplasms - a personal journey. Exp Hematol 2021; 105:2-9. [PMID: 34706253 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The human myeloproliferative neoplasms constitute a biologically fascinating group of chronic myeloid malignancies. This perspective outlines how a postdoctoral fellowship working in Don Metcalf's unit proved a formative and immensely enjoyable experience for my family and me. It laid the foundation for a subsequent body of work over three decades that revealed the genetic basis of these diseases, defined how these genetic alterations subvert normal hematopoiesis, altered clinical practice, and provided insights of broad biological relevance for cancer and cytokine signaling.
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10
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Pastore F, Bhagwat N, Pastore A, Radzisheuskaya A, Karzai A, Krishnan A, Li B, Bowman RL, Xiao W, Viny AD, Zouak A, Park YC, Cordner KB, Braunstein S, Maag JL, Grego A, Mehta J, Wang M, Lin H, Durham BH, Koche RP, Rampal RK, Helin K, Scherle P, Vaddi K, Levine RL. PRMT5 Inhibition Modulates E2F1 Methylation and Gene-Regulatory Networks Leading to Therapeutic Efficacy in JAK2 V617F-Mutant MPN. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:1742-1757. [PMID: 32669286 PMCID: PMC7642059 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the role of PRMT5 in myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) pathogenesis and aimed to elucidate key PRMT5 targets contributing to MPN maintenance. PRMT5 is overexpressed in primary MPN cells, and PRMT5 inhibition potently reduced MPN cell proliferation ex vivo. PRMT5 inhibition was efficacious at reversing elevated hematocrit, leukocytosis, and splenomegaly in a model of JAK2V617F+ polycythemia vera and leukocyte and platelet counts, hepatosplenomegaly, and fibrosis in the MPLW515L model of myelofibrosis. Dual targeting of JAK and PRMT5 was superior to JAK or PRMT5 inhibitor monotherapy, further decreasing elevated counts and extramedullary hematopoiesis in vivo. PRMT5 inhibition reduced expression of E2F targets and altered the methylation status of E2F1 leading to attenuated DNA damage repair, cell-cycle arrest, and increased apoptosis. Our data link PRMT5 to E2F1 regulatory function and MPN cell survival and provide a strong mechanistic rationale for clinical trials of PRMT5 inhibitors in MPN. SIGNIFICANCE: Expression of PRMT5 and E2F targets is increased in JAK2V617F+ MPN. Pharmacologic inhibition of PRMT5 alters the methylation status of E2F1 and shows efficacy in JAK2V617F/MPLW515L MPN models and primary samples. PRMT5 represents a potential novel therapeutic target for MPN, which is now being clinically evaluated.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1611.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Pastore
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Alessandro Pastore
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Aliaksandra Radzisheuskaya
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering CancerCenter, New York, New York
| | - Abdul Karzai
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Aishwarya Krishnan
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Bing Li
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Robert L Bowman
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Wenbin Xiao
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Hematopathology Service, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Aaron D Viny
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Anouar Zouak
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Young C Park
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Keith B Cordner
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Stephanie Braunstein
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jesper L Maag
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Min Wang
- Prelude Therapeutics Inc., Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Hong Lin
- Prelude Therapeutics Inc., Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Benjamin H Durham
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Richard P Koche
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Raajit K Rampal
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kristian Helin
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Cell Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering CancerCenter, New York, New York
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation of Stem Cell Research (Danstem), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kris Vaddi
- Prelude Therapeutics Inc., Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Ross L Levine
- Molecular Cancer Medicine Service, Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
- Center for Epigenetics Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Leukemia Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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11
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Benslimane Y, Bertomeu T, Coulombe-Huntington J, McQuaid M, Sánchez-Osuna M, Papadopoli D, Avizonis D, Russo MDST, Huard C, Topisirovic I, Wurtele H, Tyers M, Harrington L. Genome-Wide Screens Reveal that Resveratrol Induces Replicative Stress in Human Cells. Mol Cell 2020; 79:846-856.e8. [PMID: 32755594 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural product associated with wide-ranging effects in animal and cellular models, including lifespan extension. To identify the genetic target of resveratrol in human cells, we conducted genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 screens to pinpoint genes that confer sensitivity or resistance to resveratrol. An extensive network of DNA damage response and replicative stress genes exhibited genetic interactions with resveratrol and its analog pterostilbene. These genetic profiles showed similarity to the response to hydroxyurea, an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase that causes replicative stress. Resveratrol, pterostilbene, and hydroxyurea caused similar depletion of nucleotide pools, inhibition of replication fork progression, and induction of replicative stress. The ability of resveratrol to inhibit cell proliferation and S phase transit was independent of the histone deacetylase sirtuin 1, which has been implicated in lifespan extension by resveratrol. These results establish that a primary impact of resveratrol on human cell proliferation is the induction of low-level replicative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahya Benslimane
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Thierry Bertomeu
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Jasmin Coulombe-Huntington
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mary McQuaid
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - María Sánchez-Osuna
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - David Papadopoli
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Departments of Biochemistry and Experimental Medicine and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Daina Avizonis
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, Metabolomics Core Facility, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Room 418, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Mariana De Sa Tavares Russo
- Goodman Cancer Research Center, Metabolomics Core Facility, 1160 Pine Avenue West, Room 418, Montréal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Caroline Huard
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Ivan Topisirovic
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Departments of Biochemistry and Experimental Medicine and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3T 1E2, Canada
| | - Hugo Wurtele
- Centre de recherche de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, 5415 boulevard de l'Assomption, Montréal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Mike Tyers
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Lea Harrington
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Downtown Station, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada.
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12
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Koschmieder S, Chatain N. Role of inflammation in the biology of myeloproliferative neoplasms. Blood Rev 2020; 42:100711. [PMID: 32505517 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
What is the role of inflammation in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms? This is currently a topic of much debate. In this review, we will discuss experimental results and basic concepts of inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). So, which are the players involved? First, these are the clonal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and their normal stem cell counterparts in the bone marrow (BM), as well as their more mature progeny in the BM and the peripheral blood (PB), including neutrophils, macrophages, erythrocytes, and platelets, but also other cell lineages. Second, these cells produce a plethora of inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 8 (IL8), TNF-alpha (TNFa), interferon-alpha (IFNa), and others. Third, these cells and cytokines act in concert with non-hematopoietic cells, including endothelial cells and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The latter cells, in particular GLI1 positive or leptin receptor (LepR) positive stromal cells, may become activated by the hematopoietic clone to give rise to myofibroblasts, producing excessive fibrosis in the bone marrow (myelofibrosis). Ultimately, the inflammatory and fibrotic circuit involving these three key players may lead to progression of the disease, resulting in BM failure and transformation into acute leukemia, also termed blast crisis. Here, we review the role of these three effectors in the pathogenesis of MPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Koschmieder
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaselogy, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Nicolas Chatain
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaselogy, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
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13
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Hamadeh Z, Lansdorp P. RECQL5 at the Intersection of Replication and Transcription. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:324. [PMID: 32523948 PMCID: PMC7262407 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maintenance of genome stability is essential to prevent the accumulation of DNA mutations that can initiate oncogenesis and facilitate tumor progression. Studies of DNA repair genes have revealed a highly dynamic and redundant network of genes and proteins responsible for maintaining genome stability. Cancer cells are often deficient in DNA repair, and the resulting genome instability decreases their fitness but also allows for more rapid evolution under selective pressure. Of particular interest for genome stability are the RecQ class of helicases. Five genes in this class, RECQL1, BLM, WRN, RECQL4, and RECQL5, are unique to mammals, as simpler eukaryotes and bacteria appear to have only one homolog, RecQ. The precise role of each of the five mammalian RecQ helicases remains to be determined. Whereas loss of function mutations of BLM, WRN, and RECQL4 in humans are associated with specific diseases, RECQL1 and RECQL5 have not yet been associated with specific disorders. Mice deficient in Recql5 are more likely to develop cancer, and human cells deficient in RECQL5 display chromosomal instability and elevated sister chromatid exchange events, similar to cells deficient in any of the other RecQ helicases. Recent studies support the hypothesis that RECQL5 can resolve intermediate DNA repair structures resulting from the collision of DNA transcription and replication machinery. In this review, we aim to summarize current knowledge regarding RECQL5 in the context of DNA repair, replication, and transcription to help uncover the role of RECQL5 in the maintenance of genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeid Hamadeh
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Genome Science and Technology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter Lansdorp
- Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Genome Science and Technology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
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14
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Role of DNA Damage Response in Suppressing Malignant Progression of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and Polycythemia Vera: Impact of Different Oncogenes. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040903. [PMID: 32272770 PMCID: PMC7226398 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory and oncogenic signaling, both known to challenge genome stability, are key drivers of BCR-ABL-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and JAK2 V617F-positive chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). Despite similarities in chronic inflammation and oncogene signaling, major differences in disease course exist. Although BCR-ABL has robust transformation potential, JAK2 V617F-positive polycythemia vera (PV) is characterized by a long and stable latent phase. These differences reflect increased genomic instability of BCR-ABL-positive CML, compared to genome-stable PV with rare cytogenetic abnormalities. Recent studies have implicated BCR-ABL in the development of a "mutator" phenotype fueled by high oxidative damage, deficiencies of DNA repair, and defective ATR-Chk1-dependent genome surveillance, providing a fertile ground for variants compromising the ATM-Chk2-p53 axis protecting chronic phase CML from blast crisis. Conversely, PV cells possess multiple JAK2 V617F-dependent protective mechanisms, which ameliorate replication stress, inflammation-mediated oxidative stress and stress-activated protein kinase signaling, all through up-regulation of RECQL5 helicase, reactive oxygen species buffering system, and DUSP1 actions. These attenuators of genome instability then protect myeloproliferative progenitors from DNA damage and create a barrier preventing cellular stress-associated myelofibrosis. Therefore, a better understanding of BCR-ABL and JAK2 V617F roles in the DNA damage response and disease pathophysiology can help to identify potential dependencies exploitable for therapeutic interventions.
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15
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Idris M, Harmston N, Petretto E, Madan B, Virshup DM. Broad regulation of gene isoform expression by Wnt signaling in cancer. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 25:1696-1713. [PMID: 31506381 PMCID: PMC6859862 DOI: 10.1261/rna.071506.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Differential gene isoform expression is a ubiquitous mechanism to enhance proteome diversity and maintain cell homeostasis. Mechanisms such as splicing that drive gene isoform variability are highly dynamic and responsive to changes in cell signaling pathways. Wnt/β-catenin signaling has profound effects on cell activity and cell fate and is known to modify several splicing events by altering the expression of individual splicing factors. However, a global assessment of how extensively Wnt signaling regulates splicing and other mechanisms that determine mRNA isoform composition in cancer is lacking. We used deep time-resolved RNA-seq in two independent in vivo Wnt-addicted tumor models during treatment with the potent Wnt inhibitor ETC-159 and examined Wnt regulated splicing events and splicing regulators. We found 1025 genes that underwent Wnt regulated variable exon usage leading to isoform expression changes. This was accompanied by extensive Wnt regulated changes in the expression of splicing regulators. Many of these Wnt regulated events were conserved in multiple human cancers, and many were linked to previously defined cancer-associated splicing quantitative trait loci. This suggests that the Wnt regulated splicing events are components of fundamental oncogenic processes. These findings demonstrate the wide-ranging effects of Wnt signaling on the isoform composition of the cell and provides an extensive resource of expression changes of splicing regulators and gene isoforms regulated by Wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Idris
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Nathan Harmston
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857
- Centre for Computational Biology and Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857
- Science Division, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, 138527
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Centre for Computational Biology and Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - Babita Madan
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857
| | - David M Virshup
- Programme in Cancer and Stem Cell Biology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, 169857
- Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27705, USA
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16
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Distinct effects of ruxolitinib and interferon-alpha on murine JAK2V617F myeloproliferative neoplasm hematopoietic stem cell populations. Leukemia 2019; 34:1075-1089. [PMID: 31732720 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0638-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
JAK2V617F is the most common mutation in patients with BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The eradication of JAK2V617F hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is critical for achieving molecular remissions and cure. We investigate the distinct effects of two therapies, ruxolitinib (JAK1/2 inhibitor) and interferon-alpha (IFN-α), on the disease-initiating HSC population. Whereas ruxolitinib inhibits Stat5 activation in erythroid progenitor populations, it fails to inhibit this same pathway in HSCs. In contrast, IFN-α has direct effects on HSCs. Furthermore, STAT1 phosphorylation and pathway activation is greater after IFN-α stimulation in Jak2V617F murine HSCs with increased induction of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage and reduction in quiescence after chronic IFN-α treatment. Interestingly, ruxolitinib does not block IFN-α induced reactive oxygen species and DNA damage in Jak2V617F murine HSCs in vivo. This work provides a mechanistic rationale informing how pegylated IFN-α reduces JAK2V617F allelic burden in the clinical setting and may inform future clinical efforts to combine ruxolitinib with pegylated IFN-α in patients with MPN.
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17
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Olson HC, Davis L, Kiianitsa K, Khoo KJ, Liu Y, Knijnenburg TA, Maizels N. Increased levels of RECQ5 shift DNA repair from canonical to alternative pathways. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:9496-9509. [PMID: 30107528 PMCID: PMC6182128 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RECQ5 (RECQL5) is one of several human helicases that dissociates RAD51-DNA filaments. The gene that encodes RECQ5 is frequently amplified in human tumors, but it is not known whether amplification correlates with increased gene expression, or how increased RECQ5 levels affect DNA repair at nicks and double-strand breaks. Here, we address these questions. We show that RECQ5 gene amplification correlates with increased gene expression in human tumors, by in silico analysis of over 9000 individual tumors representing 32 tumor types in the TCGA dataset. We demonstrate that, at double-strand breaks, increased RECQ5 levels inhibited canonical homology-directed repair (HDR) by double-stranded DNA donors, phenocopying the effect of BRCA deficiency. Conversely, at nicks, increased RECQ5 levels stimulated 'alternative' HDR by single-stranded DNA donors, which is normally suppressed by RAD51; this was accompanied by stimulation of mutagenic end-joining. Even modest changes (2-fold) in RECQ5 levels caused significant dysregulation of repair, especially HDR. These results suggest that in some tumors, RECQ5 gene amplification may have profound consequences for genomic instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry C Olson
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Luther Davis
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kostantin Kiianitsa
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Kevin J Khoo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yilun Liu
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, 1500 E. Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Theo A Knijnenburg
- Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Ave. N., Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Nancy Maizels
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St., Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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18
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Peng J, Tang L, Cai M, Chen H, Wong J, Zhang P. RECQL5 plays an essential role in maintaining genome stability and viability of triple-negative breast cancer cells. Cancer Med 2019; 8:4743-4752. [PMID: 31231988 PMCID: PMC6712443 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a malignancy that currently lacks targeted therapies. The majority of TNBCs can be characterized as basal‐like and has an expression profile enriched with genes involved in DNA damage repair and checkpoint response. Here, we report that TNBC cells are under replication stress and are constantly generating DNA double‐strand breaks, which is not seen in non‐TNBC cells. Consequently, we found that RECQL5, which encodes a RecQ family DNA helicase involved in many aspects of DNA metabolism including replication and repair, was essential for TNBC cells to survive and proliferate in vitro and in vivo. Compromising RECQL5 function in TNBC cells results in persistence of DNA damage, G2 arrest, and ultimately, cessation of proliferation. Our results suggest RECQL5 may be a potential therapeutic target for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Lichun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjiao Cai
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, China
| | - Huan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Jiemin Wong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
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19
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Stetka J, Vyhlidalova P, Lanikova L, Koralkova P, Gursky J, Hlusi A, Flodr P, Hubackova S, Bartek J, Hodny Z, Divoky V. Addiction to DUSP1 protects JAK2V617F-driven polycythemia vera progenitors against inflammatory stress and DNA damage, allowing chronic proliferation. Oncogene 2019; 38:5627-5642. [PMID: 30967632 PMCID: PMC6756199 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-0813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory and oncogenic signaling converge in disease evolution of BCR–ABL-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms, clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by gain-of-function mutation in JAK2 kinase (JAK2V617F), with highest prevalence in patients with polycythemia vera (PV). Despite the high risk, DNA-damaging inflammatory microenvironment, PV progenitors tend to preserve their genomic stability over decades until their progression to post-PV myelofibrosis/acute myeloid leukemia. Using induced pluripotent stem cells-derived CD34+ progenitor-enriched cultures from JAK2V617F+ PV patient and from JAK2 wild-type healthy control, CRISPR-modified HEL cells and patients’ bone marrow sections from different disease stages, we demonstrate that JAK2V617F induces an intrinsic IFNγ- and NF-κB-associated inflammatory program, while suppressing inflammation-evoked DNA damage both in vitro and in vivo. We show that cells with JAK2V617F tightly regulate levels of inflammatory cytokines-induced reactive oxygen species, do not fully activate the ATM/p53/p21waf1 checkpoint and p38/JNK MAPK stress pathway signaling when exposed to inflammatory cytokines, suppress DNA single-strand break repair genes’ expression yet overexpress the dual-specificity phosphatase (DUSP) 1. RNAi-mediated knock-down and pharmacological inhibition of DUSP1, involved in p38/JNK deactivation, in HEL cells reveals growth addiction to DUSP1, consistent with enhanced DNA damage response and apoptosis in DUSP1-inhibited parental JAK2V617F+ cells, but not in CRISPR-modified JAK2 wild-type cells. Our results indicate that the JAK2V617F+ PV progenitors utilize DUSP1 activity as a protection mechanism against DNA damage accumulation, promoting their proliferation and survival in the inflammatory microenvironment, identifying DUSP1 as a potential therapeutic target in PV.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stetka
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - P Vyhlidalova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - L Lanikova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | - P Koralkova
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - J Gursky
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - A Hlusi
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - P Flodr
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - S Hubackova
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, BIOCEV, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague-West, 252 50, Czech Republic
| | - J Bartek
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic. .,Danish Cancer Society Research Center, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic. .,Division of Genome Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Z Hodny
- Laboratory of Genome Integrity, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v. v. i., Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - V Divoky
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic. .,Department of Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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20
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Balcerek J, Jiang J, Li Y, Jiang Q, Holdreith N, Singh B, Chandra V, Lv K, Ren JG, Rozenova K, Li W, Greenberg RA, Tong W. Lnk/Sh2b3 deficiency restores hematopoietic stem cell function and genome integrity in Fancd2 deficient Fanconi anemia. Nat Commun 2018; 9:3915. [PMID: 30254368 PMCID: PMC6156422 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06380-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Fanconi anemia (FA) is a bone marrow failure (BMF) syndrome that arises from mutations in a network of FA genes essential for DNA interstrand crosslink (ICL) repair and replication stress tolerance. While allogeneic stem cell transplantation can replace defective HSCs, interventions to mitigate HSC defects in FA do not exist. Remarkably, we reveal here that Lnk (Sh2b3) deficiency restores HSC function in Fancd2−/− mice. Lnk deficiency does not impact ICL repair, but instead stabilizes stalled replication forks in a manner, in part, dependent upon alleviating blocks to cytokine−mediated JAK2 signaling. Lnk deficiency restores proliferation and survival of Fancd2−/− HSCs, while reducing replication stress and genomic instability. Furthermore, deletion of LNK in human FA-like HSCs promotes clonogenic growth. These findings highlight a new role for cytokine/JAK signaling in promoting replication fork stability, illuminate replication stress as a major underlying origin of BMF in FA, and have strong therapeutic implications. Loss of Fancd2 leads to replication stress intolerance and Fanconi Anemia, where haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function is compromised. Here, the authors show that Lnk/Sh2b3 loss restores HSC proliferation and survival in Fancd2 knockout mice and ameliorates replication stress in a cytokine/JAK2 signaling dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Balcerek
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jing Jiang
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Institute of Translational Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, 225001, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Li
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Qinqin Jiang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Cancer Research Institute and Basser Center for BRCA, and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Nicholas Holdreith
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Brijendra Singh
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Vemika Chandra
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kaosheng Lv
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jian-Gang Ren
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Krasimira Rozenova
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Weihua Li
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Cancer Research Institute and Basser Center for BRCA, and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Roger A Greenberg
- Department of Cancer Biology, Abramson Cancer Research Institute and Basser Center for BRCA, and Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Wei Tong
- Division of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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21
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Liao H, Ji F, Helleday T, Ying S. Mechanisms for stalled replication fork stabilization: new targets for synthetic lethality strategies in cancer treatments. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:embr.201846263. [PMID: 30108055 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201846263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Timely and faithful duplication of the entire genome depends on completion of replication. Replication forks frequently encounter obstacles that may cause genotoxic fork stalling. Nevertheless, failure to complete replication rarely occurs under normal conditions, which is attributed to an intricate network of proteins that serves to stabilize, repair and restart stalled forks. Indeed, many of the components in this network are encoded by tumour suppressor genes, and their loss of function by mutation or deletion generates genomic instability, a hallmark of cancer. Paradoxically, the same fork-protective network also confers resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs that induce high-level replication stress. Here, we review the mechanisms and major pathways rescuing stalled replication forks, with a focus on fork stabilization preventing fork collapse. A coherent understanding of how cells protect their replication forks will not only provide insight into how cells maintain genome stability, but also unravel potential therapeutic targets for cancers refractory to conventional chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Liao
- Department of Pharmacology & Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fang Ji
- Department of Pharmacology & Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Thomas Helleday
- Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden .,Sheffield Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Songmin Ying
- Department of Pharmacology & Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease of Zhejiang Province, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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22
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Kurashima K, Sekimoto T, Oda T, Kawabata T, Hanaoka F, Yamashita T. Polη, a Y-family translesion synthesis polymerase, promotes cellular tolerance of Myc-induced replication stress. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.212183. [PMID: 29777036 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.212183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth of precancerous and cancer cells relies on their tolerance of oncogene-induced replication stress (RS). Translesion synthesis (TLS) plays an essential role in the cellular tolerance of various types of RS and bypasses replication barriers by employing specialized polymerases. However, limited information is available about the role of TLS polymerases in oncogene-induced RS. Here, we report that Polη, a Y-family TLS polymerase, promotes cellular tolerance of Myc-induced RS. Polη was recruited to Myc-induced RS sites, and Polη depletion enhanced the Myc-induced slowing and stalling of replication forks and the subsequent generation of double-strand breaks (DSBs). Overexpression of a catalytically dead Polη also promoted Myc-induced DSB formation. In the absence of Polη, Myc-induced DSB formation depended on MUS81-EME2 (the S-phase-specific endonuclease complex), and concomitant depletion of MUS81-EME2 and Polη enhanced RS and cell death in a synergistic manner. Collectively, these results indicate that Polη facilitates fork progression during Myc-induced RS, thereby helping cells tolerate the resultant deleterious effects. Additionally, the present study highlights the possibility of a synthetic sickness or lethality between Polη and MUS81-EME2 in cells experiencing Myc-induced RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiminori Kurashima
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 371-8512 Gunma, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sekimoto
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 371-8512 Gunma, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Oda
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 371-8512 Gunma, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawabata
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 852-8523 Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Fumio Hanaoka
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, Gakushuin University, 171-8588 Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yamashita
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 371-8512 Gunma, Japan
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23
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Karantanos T, Moliterno AR. The roles of JAK2 in DNA damage and repair in the myeloproliferative neoplasms: Opportunities for targeted therapy. Blood Rev 2018; 32:426-432. [PMID: 29627078 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The JAK2V617F-positive myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) serve as an excellent model for the study of genomic instability accumulation during cancer progression. Recent studies highlight the implication of JAK2 activating mutations in the development of DNA damage via reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, replication stress induction and the accumulation of genomic instability via the increased degradation of p53 and acquisition of a "mutagenic" phenotype. The accumulation of genomic instability and acquisition of mutations in critical DNA damage repair (DDR) mediators appears to be implicated in the progression of JAK2V617F-positive MPN. On the other hand, JAK2 signaling normally induces DDR through activation of repair mediators such as Chk1, RAD51 and RECQL5. These opposing effects on DNA integrity in the setting of JAK2V617F have significant clinical implications and have led to the introduction of novel combinational therapies for these diseases. The inhibition of MDM2 with Nutlin-3 improves the efficacy of IFN-α via decreased p53 degradation, the combination of hydroxyurea with Ruxolitinib, and their combination with PARP inhibitors have significant anti-tumor effects. A better understanding of the implication of JAK2 in the development and repair of DNA damage can improve our understanding of the biology of these neoplasms, meliorate the risk stratification of our patients and enrich our therapeutic armamentarium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alison R Moliterno
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA.
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24
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Stirnweiss A, Oommen J, Kotecha RS, Kees UR, Beesley AH. Molecular-genetic profiling and high-throughput in vitro drug screening in NUT midline carcinoma-an aggressive and fatal disease. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112313-112329. [PMID: 29348827 PMCID: PMC5762512 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
NUT midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare and aggressive cancer, with survival typically less than seven months, that can arise in people of any age. Genetically, NMC is defined by the chromosomal fusion of NUTM1 with a chromatin-binding partner, typically the bromodomain-containing protein BRD4. However, little is known about other genetic aberrations in this disease. In this study, we used a unique panel of cell lines to describe the molecular-genetic features of NMC. Next-generation sequencing identified a recurring high-impact mutation in the DNA-helicase gene RECQL5 in 75% of lines studied, and biological signals from mutation-signature and network analyses consistent with a general failure in DNA-repair. A high-throughput drug screen confirmed that microtubule inhibitors, topoisomerase inhibitors and anthracyclines are highly cytotoxic in the majority of NMC lines, and that cell lines expressing the BRD4-NUTM1 (exon11:exon2) variant are an order of magnitude more responsive to bromodomain inhibitors (iBETs) on average than those with other BRD4-NUTM1 translocation variants. We also identified a highly significant correlation between iBET and aurora kinase inhibitor efficacy in this study. Integration of exome sequencing, transcriptome, and drug sensitivity profiles suggested that aberrant activity of the nuclear receptor co-activator NCOA3 may correlate with poor response to iBETs. In conclusion, our data emphasize the heterogeneity of NMC and highlights genetic aberrations that could be explored to improve therapeutic strategies. The novel finding of a recurring RECQL5 mutation, together with recent reports of chromoplexy in this disease, suggests that DNA-repair pathways are likely to play a central role in NMC tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Stirnweiss
- Leukaemia and Cancer Genetics Program, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Drug Discovery Group, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Joyce Oommen
- Leukaemia and Cancer Genetics Program, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Rishi S Kotecha
- Leukaemia and Cancer Genetics Program, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Department of Haematology and Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, Perth, Australia.,School of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Ursula R Kees
- Leukaemia and Cancer Genetics Program, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Alex H Beesley
- Leukaemia and Cancer Genetics Program, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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25
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Newman JA, Aitkenhead H, Savitsky P, Gileadi O. Insights into the RecQ helicase mechanism revealed by the structure of the helicase domain of human RECQL5. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:4231-4243. [PMID: 28100692 PMCID: PMC5397160 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw1362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RecQ helicases are important maintainers of genome integrity with distinct roles in almost every cellular process requiring access to DNA. RECQL5 is one of five human RecQ proteins and is particularly versatile in this regard, forming protein complexes with a diverse set of cellular partners in order to coordinate its helicase activity to various processes including replication, recombination and DNA repair. In this study, we have determined crystal structures of the core helicase domain of RECQL5 both with and without the nucleotide ADP in two distinctly different (‘Open’ and ‘Closed’) conformations. Small angle X-ray scattering studies show that the ‘Open’ form of the protein predominates in solution and we discuss implications of this with regards to the RECQL5 mechanism and conformational changes. We have measured the ATPase, helicase and DNA binding properties of various RECQL5 constructs and variants and discuss the role of these regions and residues in the various RECQL5 activities. Finally, we have performed a systematic comparison of the RECQL5 structures with other RecQ family structures and based on these comparisons we have constructed a model for the mechano-chemical cycle of the common catalytic core of these helicases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Newman
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Hazel Aitkenhead
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Pavel Savitsky
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Opher Gileadi
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, ORCRB, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK.,Structural Genomics Consortium, State University of Campinas, Campinas SP 13083-886, Brazil
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26
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Viziteu E, Kassambara A, Pasero P, Klein B, Moreaux J. RECQ helicases are deregulated in hematological malignancies in association with a prognostic value. Biomark Res 2016; 4:3. [PMID: 26877874 PMCID: PMC4752763 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-016-0057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RECQ helicase family members act as guardians of the genome to assure proper DNA metabolism in response to genotoxic stress. Hematological malignancies are characterized by genomic instability that is possibly related to underlying defects in DNA repair of genomic stability maintenance. METHODS We have investigated the expression of RECQ helicases in different hematological malignancies and in their normal counterparts using publicly available gene expression data. Furthermore, we explored whether RECQ helicases expression could be associated with tumor progression and prognosis. RESULTS Expression of at least one RECQ helicase family member was found significantly deregulated in all hematological malignancies investigated when compared to their normal counterparts. In addition, RECQ helicase expression was associated with a prognostic value in acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma. CONCLUSION RECQ helicase expression is deregulated in hematological malignancies compared to their normal counterparts in association with a prognostic value. Deregulation of RECQ helicases appears to play a role in tumorigenesis and represent potent therapeutic targets for synthetic lethal approaches in hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Viziteu
- />Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, Montpellier, F-34396 France
| | - Alboukadel Kassambara
- />Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Hôpital Saint-Eloi - CHRU de Montpellier, 80, av. Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
- />Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, Montpellier, F-34396 France
| | - Philippe Pasero
- />Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, Montpellier, F-34396 France
| | - Bernard Klein
- />Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Hôpital Saint-Eloi - CHRU de Montpellier, 80, av. Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
- />Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, Montpellier, F-34396 France
- />University of Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France
| | - Jerome Moreaux
- />Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Hôpital Saint-Eloi - CHRU de Montpellier, 80, av. Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, Cedex 5 France
- />Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS-UPR1142, Montpellier, F-34396 France
- />University of Montpellier 1, UFR de Médecine, Montpellier, France
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