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Seyedhassantehrani N, Burns CS, Verrinder R, Okafor V, Abbasizadeh N, Spencer JA. Intravital two-photon microscopy of the native mouse thymus. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307962. [PMID: 39088574 PMCID: PMC11293686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The thymus, a key organ in the adaptive immune system, is sensitive to a variety of insults including cytotoxic preconditioning, which leads to atrophy, compression of the blood vascular system, and alterations in hemodynamics. Although the thymus has innate regenerative capabilities, the production of T cells relies on the trafficking of lymphoid progenitors from the bone marrow through the altered thymic blood vascular system. Our understanding of thymic blood vascular hemodynamics is limited due to technical challenges associated with accessing the native thymus in live mice. To overcome this challenge, we developed an intravital two-photon imaging method to visualize the native thymus in vivo and investigated functional changes to the vascular system following sublethal irradiation. We quantified blood flow velocity and shear rate in cortical blood vessels and identified a subtle but significant increase in vessel leakage and diameter ~24 hrs post-sublethal irradiation. Ex vivo whole organ imaging of optically cleared thymus lobes confirmed a disruption of the thymus vascular structure, resulting in an increase in blood vessel diameter and vessel area, and concurrent thymic atrophy. This novel two-photon intravital imaging method enables a new paradigm for directly investigating the thymic microenvironment in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Seyedhassantehrani
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Christian S. Burns
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Ruth Verrinder
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Victoria Okafor
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Nastaran Abbasizadeh
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Joel A. Spencer
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Health Science Research Institute, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
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2
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Pereira AL, Galli S, Nombela‐Arrieta C. Bone marrow niches for hematopoietic stem cells. Hemasphere 2024; 8:e133. [PMID: 39086665 PMCID: PMC11289431 DOI: 10.1002/hem3.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the cornerstone of the hematopoietic system. HSCs sustain the continuous generation of mature blood derivatives while self-renewing to preserve a relatively constant pool of progenitors throughout life. Yet, long-term maintenance of functional HSCs exclusively takes place in association with their native tissue microenvironment of the bone marrow (BM). HSCs have been long proposed to reside in fixed and identifiable anatomical units found in the complex BM tissue landscape, which control their identity and fate in a deterministic manner. In the last decades, tremendous progress has been made in the dissection of the cellular and molecular fabric of the BM, the structural organization governing tissue function, and the plethora of interactions established by HSCs. Nonetheless, a holistic model of the mechanisms controlling HSC regulation in their niche is lacking to date. Here, we provide an overview of our current understanding of BM anatomy, HSC localization, and crosstalk within local cellular neighborhoods in murine and human tissues, and highlight fundamental open questions on how HSCs functionally integrate in the BM microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luísa Pereira
- Department of Medical Oncology and HematologyUniversity Hospital and University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - Serena Galli
- Department of Medical Oncology and HematologyUniversity Hospital and University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
| | - César Nombela‐Arrieta
- Department of Medical Oncology and HematologyUniversity Hospital and University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland
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3
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Doherty-Boyd WS, Donnelly H, Tsimbouri MP, Dalby MJ. Building bones for blood and beyond: the growing field of bone marrow niche model development. Exp Hematol 2024; 135:104232. [PMID: 38729553 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) niche is a complex microenvironment that provides the signals required for regulation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and the process of hematopoiesis they are responsible for. Bioengineered models of the BM niche incorporate various elements of the in vivo BM microenvironment, including cellular components, soluble factors, a three-dimensional environment, mechanical stimulation of included cells, and perfusion. Recent advances in the bioengineering field have resulted in a spate of new models that shed light on BM function and are approaching precise imitation of the BM niche. These models promise to improve our understanding of the in vivo microenvironment in health and disease. They also aim to serve as platforms for HSC manipulation or as preclinical models for screening novel therapies for BM-associated disorders and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Sebastian Doherty-Boyd
- The Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment (CeMi), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | - Hannah Donnelly
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Monica P Tsimbouri
- The Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment (CeMi), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew J Dalby
- The Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment (CeMi), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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4
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Bixel MG, Sivaraj KK, Timmen M, Mohanakrishnan V, Aravamudhan A, Adams S, Koh BI, Jeong HW, Kruse K, Stange R, Adams RH. Angiogenesis is uncoupled from osteogenesis during calvarial bone regeneration. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4575. [PMID: 38834586 PMCID: PMC11150404 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48579-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Bone regeneration requires a well-orchestrated cellular and molecular response including robust vascularization and recruitment of mesenchymal and osteogenic cells. In femoral fractures, angiogenesis and osteogenesis are closely coupled during the complex healing process. Here, we show with advanced longitudinal intravital multiphoton microscopy that early vascular sprouting is not directly coupled to osteoprogenitor invasion during calvarial bone regeneration. Early osteoprogenitors emerging from the periosteum give rise to bone-forming osteoblasts at the injured calvarial bone edge. Microvessels growing inside the lesions are not associated with osteoprogenitors. Subsequently, osteogenic cells collectively invade the vascularized and perfused lesion as a multicellular layer, thereby advancing regenerative ossification. Vascular sprouting and remodeling result in dynamic blood flow alterations to accommodate the growing bone. Single cell profiling of injured calvarial bones demonstrates mesenchymal stromal cell heterogeneity comparable to femoral fractures with increase in cell types promoting bone regeneration. Expression of angiogenesis and hypoxia-related genes are slightly elevated reflecting ossification of a vascularized lesion site. Endothelial Notch and VEGF signaling alter vascular growth in calvarial bone repair without affecting the ossification progress. Our findings may have clinical implications for bone regeneration and bioengineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gabriele Bixel
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Kishor K Sivaraj
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Melanie Timmen
- Department of Regenerative Musculoskeletal Medicine, Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Vishal Mohanakrishnan
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Anusha Aravamudhan
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Bong-Ihn Koh
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hyun-Woo Jeong
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Sequencing Core Facility, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Kai Kruse
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Bioinformatics Service Unit, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Richard Stange
- Department of Regenerative Musculoskeletal Medicine, Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Münster, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
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5
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Seehanam S, Khrueaduangkham S, Sinthuvanich C, Sae-Ueng U, Srimaneepong V, Promoppatum P. Evaluating the effect of pore size for 3d-printed bone scaffolds. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26005. [PMID: 38375289 PMCID: PMC10875428 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the influence of pore size of strut-based Diamond and surface-based Gyroid structures for their suitability as medical implants. Samples were made additively from laser powder bed fusion process with a relative density of 0.3 and pore sizes ranging from 300 to 1300 μm. They were subsequently examined for their manufacturability and mechanical properties. In addition, non-Newtonian computational fluid dynamics and discrete phase models were conducted to assess pressure drop and cell seeding efficiency. The results showed that both Diamond and Gyroid had higher as-built densities with smaller pore sizes. However, Gyroid demonstrated better manufacturability as its relative density was closer to the as-designed one. In addition, based on mechanical testing, the elastic modulus was largely unaffected by pore size, but post-yielding behaviors differed, especially in Diamond. High mechanical sensitivity in Diamond could be explained partly by Finite Element simulations, which revealed stress localization in Diamond and more uniform stress distribution in Gyroid. Furthermore, we defined the product of the normalized specific surface, normalized pressure drop, and cell seeding efficiency as the indicator of an optimal pore size, in which this factor identified an optimal pore size of approximately 500 μm for both Diamond and Gyroid. Besides, based on such criterion, Gyroid exhibited greater applicability as bone scaffolds. In summary, this study provides comprehensive assessment of the effect of pore size and demonstrates the efficient estimation of an in-silico framework for evaluating lattice structures as medical implants, which could be applied to other lattice architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saran Seehanam
- Center for Lightweight Materials, Design, and Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangmod, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Suppakrit Khrueaduangkham
- Center for Lightweight Materials, Design, and Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangmod, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Chomdao Sinthuvanich
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Udom Sae-Ueng
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Viritpon Srimaneepong
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Patcharapit Promoppatum
- Center for Lightweight Materials, Design, and Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangmod, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
- OsseoLabs Co. Ltd., Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
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6
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Xu Z, Kusumbe AP, Cai H, Wan Q, Chen J. Type H blood vessels in coupling angiogenesis-osteogenesis and its application in bone tissue engineering. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2023; 111:1434-1446. [PMID: 36880538 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
One specific capillary subtype, termed type H vessel, has been found with unique functional characteristics in coupling angiogenesis with osteogenesis. Researchers have fabricated a variety of tissue engineering scaffolds to enhance bone healing and regeneration through the accumulation of type H vessels. However, only a limited number of reviews discussed the tissue engineering strategies for type H vessel regulation. The object of this review is to summary the current utilizes of bone tissue engineering to regulate type H vessels through various signal pathways including Notch, PDGF-BB, Slit3, HIF-1α, and VEGF signaling. Moreover, we give an insightful overview of recent research progress about the morphological, spatial and age-dependent characteristics of type H blood vessels. Their unique role in tying angiogenesis and osteogenesis together via blood flow, cellular microenvironment, immune system and nervous system are also summarized. This review article would provide an insight into the combination of tissue engineering scaffolds with type H vessels and identify future perspectives for vasculized tissue engineering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Anjali P Kusumbe
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - He Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qianbing Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Watanabe H, Maishi N, Hoshi-Numahata M, Nishiura M, Nakanishi-Kimura A, Hida K, Iimura T. Skeletal-Vascular Interactions in Bone Development, Homeostasis, and Pathological Destruction. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10912. [PMID: 37446097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone is a highly vascularized organ that not only plays multiple roles in supporting the body and organs but also endows the microstructure, enabling distinct cell lineages to reciprocally interact. Recent studies have uncovered relevant roles of the bone vasculature in bone patterning, morphogenesis, homeostasis, and pathological bone destruction, including osteoporosis and tumor metastasis. This review provides an overview of current topics in the interactive molecular events between endothelial cells and bone cells during bone ontogeny and discusses the future direction of this research area to find novel ways to treat bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruhisa Watanabe
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo 060-8586, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Nako Maishi
- Department of Vascular Biology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo 060-8586, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Marie Hoshi-Numahata
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo 060-8586, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mai Nishiura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo 060-8586, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nakanishi-Kimura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo 060-8586, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kyoko Hida
- Department of Vascular Biology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo 060-8586, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Iimura
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty and Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7, Sapporo 060-8586, Hokkaido, Japan
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8
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Barresi V, Di Bella V, Lo Nigro L, Privitera AP, Bonaccorso P, Scuderi C, Condorelli DF. Temporary serine protease inhibition and the role of SPINK2 in human bone marrow. iScience 2023; 26:106949. [PMID: 37378330 PMCID: PMC10291479 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Protease temporary inhibitors are true substrates that bind the catalytic site with high affinity but are slowly degraded, thus acting as inhibitor for a defined time window. Serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type (SPINK) family is endowed with such functional property whose physiological meaning is poorly explored. High expression of SPINK2 in some hematopoietic malignancies prompted us to investigate its role in adult human bone marrow. We report here the physiological expression of SPINK2 in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and mobilized cluster differentiation 34 (CD34)+ cells. We determined the SPINK2 degradation constant and derived a mathematical relationship predicting the zone of inhibited target protease activity surrounding the SPINK2-secreting HSPCs. Analysis of putative target proteases for SPINK2 revealed the expression of PRSS2 and PRSS57 in HSPCs. Our combined results suggest that SPINK2 and its target serine proteases might play a role in the intercellular communication within the hematopoietic stem cell niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Barresi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Virginia Di Bella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Luca Lo Nigro
- Cytogenetic-Cytofluorimetric-Molecular Biology Lab, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Center of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Policlinico – San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Provvidenza Privitera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Bonaccorso
- Cytogenetic-Cytofluorimetric-Molecular Biology Lab, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Center of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Azienda Policlinico – San Marco, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Scuderi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Filippo Condorelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Medical Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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9
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Tian Y, Morin-Poulard I, Liu X, Vanzo N, Crozatier M. A mechanosensitive vascular niche for Drosophila hematopoiesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217862120. [PMID: 37094122 PMCID: PMC10160988 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217862120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells maintain blood cell homeostasis by integrating various cues provided by specialized microenvironments or niches. Biomechanical forces are emerging as key regulators of hematopoiesis. Here, we report that mechanical stimuli provided by blood flow in the vascular niche control Drosophila hematopoiesis. In vascular niche cells, the mechanosensitive channel Piezo transduces mechanical forces through intracellular calcium upregulation, leading to Notch activation and repression of FGF ligand transcription, known to regulate hematopoietic progenitor maintenance. Our results provide insight into how the vascular niche integrates mechanical stimuli to regulate hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushun Tian
- Molecular, Cellular, and Development/UMR5077, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Toulouse Cedex 931062, France
| | - Ismaël Morin-Poulard
- Molecular, Cellular, and Development/UMR5077, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Toulouse Cedex 931062, France
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Molecular, Cellular, and Development/UMR5077, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Toulouse Cedex 931062, France
| | - Nathalie Vanzo
- Molecular, Cellular, and Development/UMR5077, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Toulouse Cedex 931062, France
| | - Michèle Crozatier
- Molecular, Cellular, and Development/UMR5077, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Toulouse Cedex 931062, France
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10
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Seehanam S, Chanchareon W, Promoppatum P. Assessing the effect of manufacturing defects and non-Newtonian blood model on flow behaviors of additively manufactured Gyroid TPMS structures. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15711. [PMID: 37180920 PMCID: PMC10172759 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In the field of medical engineering, Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS) structures have been studied widely owing to their physical attributes similar to those of human bones. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is often used to reveal the interaction between structural architectures and flow fields. Nevertheless, a comprehensive study on the effect of manufacturing defects and non-Newtonian behavior on the fluid responses in TPMS scaffolds is still lacking. Therefore, the present study fabricated Gyroid TPMS with four relative densities from 0.1 to 0.4. Non-destructive techniques were used to examine surface roughness and geometric deviation. We found that the manufacturing defects had a minor effect on fluid responses. The pressure drop comparison between defect-containing and defect-free models could be differed up to 7%. The same comparison for the average shear stress showed a difference up to 23%, in which greater deviation between both models was observed at higher relative density. On the contrary, the viscosity model played a significant role in flow prediction. By comparing the Newtonian model with Carreau-Yasuda non-Newtonian model, the resulting pressure drop and average wall shear stress from non-Newtonian viscosity could be higher than those of the Newtonian model by more than a factor of two. In addition, we matched the fluid-induced shear stress from both viscosity models with desirable ranges of shear stresses for tissue growth obtained from the literature. Up to 70% from the Newtonian model fell within the desirable range while the matching stress reduced to lower than 8% for the non-Newtonian results. Furthermore, by correlating geometric features with physical outputs, the geometric deviation was seen associated with surface curvature while the local shear stress revealed a strong correlation with inclination angle. Overall, the present work emphasized the importance of the viscosity model for CFD analysis of the scaffolds, especially when resulting fluid-induced wall shear stress is of interest. In addition, the geometric correlation has introduced the alternative consideration of structural architectures from local perspectives, which could assist the further comparison and optimization among different porous scaffolds in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saran Seehanam
- Center for Lightweight Materials, Design, and Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangmod, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
| | - Wares Chanchareon
- Princess Srisavangavadhana College of Medicine, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, 10210, Thailand
| | - Patcharapit Promoppatum
- Center for Lightweight Materials, Design, and Manufacturing, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangmod, Bangkok, 10140, Thailand
- Corresponding author.
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11
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Jasuja H, Jaswandkar SV, Katti DR, Katti KS. Interstitial fluid flow contributes to prostate cancer invasion and migration to bone; study conducted using a novel horizontal flow bioreactor. Biofabrication 2023; 15:025017. [PMID: 36863017 PMCID: PMC10020972 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/acc09a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer bone metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in men in the United States, causing severe damage to skeletal tissue. The treatment of advanced-stage prostate cancer is always challenging due to limited drug treatment options, resulting in low survival rates. There is a scarcity of knowledge regarding the mechanisms associated with the effects of biomechanical cues by the interstitial fluid flow on prostate cancer cell growth and migration. We have designed a novel bioreactor system to demonstrate the impact of interstitial fluid flow on the migration of prostate cancer cells to the bone during extravasation. First, we demonstrated that a high flow rate induces apoptosis in PC3 cells via TGF-β1 mediated signaling; thus, physiological flow rate conditions are optimum for cell growth. Next, to understand the role of interstitial fluid flow in prostate cancer migration, we evaluated the migration rate of cells under static and dynamic conditions in the presence or absence of bone. We report that CXCR4 levels were not significantly changed under static and dynamic conditions, indicating that CXCR4 activation in PC3 cells is not influenced by flow conditions but by the bone, where CXCR4 levels were upregulated. The bone-upregulated CXCR4 levels led to increased MMP-9 levels resulting in a high migration rate in the presence of bone. In addition, upregulated levels ofαvβ3integrins under fluid flow conditions contributed to an overall increase in the migration rate of PC3 cells. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential role of interstitial fluid flow in prostate cancer invasion. Understanding the critical role of interstitial fluid flow in promoting prostate cancer cell progression will enhance current therapies for advanced-stage prostate cancer and provide improved treatment options for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneesh Jasuja
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States of America
| | - Sharad V Jaswandkar
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States of America
| | - Dinesh R Katti
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States of America
| | - Kalpana S Katti
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, United States of America
- Author to whom any correspondence should be addressed
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12
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Haase C, Richter D, Lin CP. Laser Micromachining of Bone as a Tool for Studying Bone Marrow Biology. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2567:163-180. [PMID: 36255701 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2679-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) has traditionally been a difficult tissue to access because it is embedded deep within the bone matrix. It is home to the hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that give rise to all blood cells in the body. It is also the site of origin for malignant blood cells such as leukemia and multiple myeloma, as well as a frequent site of metastasis for many solid tumors including prostate and breast cancer. The following chapter describes how laser micromachining of bone can be used to improve both optical and physical access to the BM. For example, laser thinning of the overlying bone can improve optical access, enabling deeper imaging into the BM as well as enhancing optical resolution by reducing scattering and aberration. Laser micromachining can also be used to provide physical access into the BM by creating access ports for micropipette insertion and delivery of cells to precise locations in the BM, as well as for the extraction of BM cells and interstitial fluid, all under image guidance. This chapter provides a detailed protocol for installing a laser-micromachining capability for users with an existing multiphoton microscope. Additionally, we briefly outline how such a system improves the optical resolution during imaging as well as its potential use to study injury response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa Haase
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dmitry Richter
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles P Lin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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13
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Taïeb HM, Herment G, Robinson T, Cipitria A. Effect of capillary fluid flow on single cancer cell cycle dynamics, motility, volume and morphology. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 23:92-105. [PMID: 36448429 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00322h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
From primary tumours and disseminating to secondary organs, cancer cells experience a wide variety of fluid flow profiles when passing through blood vessels or the lymphatic system before extravasation. Sinusoidal capillaries are a common site for extravasation. Therefore, we aim to investigate how metastatic cancer cells react to a biophysical cue such as capillary fluid flow by quantifying its effect on metastatic cell cycle progression, motility, cell and nuclear volume, and morphology. We use MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells genetically modified with fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator 2 (FUCCI2) as a model system. Single cells are trapped using a microfluidic device and exposed to different laminar flows. Quantitative time-lapse imaging in both 2D epifluorescence and 3D confocal microscopy is performed using in-house software FUCCItrack. In addition, 3D time-lapse with cell and nuclear segmentation is performed with a deep learning approach to streamline the image processing of big datasets. We show that at a single cell level, faster fluid flow leads to a shorter S/G2/M phase and an overall shorter cell cycle, as well as increase in cell motility irrespective of the flow direction. 3D time-lapse confocal imaging of MDA-FUCCI2 single cells reveals the evolution of cell and nuclear volume and morphology as a function of a specific cell cycle phase. Both cell and nuclear volume increase linearly over time. Cell morphology elongates more strongly during the S/G2/M phase, whereas the nuclear shape remains constant. Under the highest flow conditions, only during the S/G2/M phase can we observe a more elongated nucleus, while the cell sphericity remains similar to the control. Collectively, this data, together with the deep learning approach, provides new insights into the potential impact of fluid flow at a single cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hubert M Taïeb
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Guillaume Herment
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Tom Robinson
- Department of Theory and Bio-Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Amaia Cipitria
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
- Group of Bioengineering in Regeneration and Cancer, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
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14
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Zhang S, Tuk B, van de Peppel J, Kremers GJ, Koedam M, Pesch GR, Rahman Z, Hoogenboezem RM, Bindels EMJ, van Neck JW, Boukany PE, van Leeuwen JPTM, van der Eerden BCJ. Microfluidic evidence of synergistic effects between mesenchymal stromal cell-derived biochemical factors and biomechanical forces to control endothelial cell function. Acta Biomater 2022; 151:346-359. [PMID: 35995408 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
A functional vascular system is a prerequisite for bone repair as disturbed angiogenesis often causes non-union. Paracrine factors released from human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) have angiogenic effects on endothelial cells. However, whether these paracrine factors participate in blood flow dynamics within bone capillaries remains poorly understood. Here, we used two different microfluidic designs to investigate critical steps during angiogenesis and found pronounced effects of endothelial cell proliferation as well as chemotactic and mechanotactic migration induced by BMSC conditioned medium (CM). The application of BMSC-CM in dynamic cultures demonstrates that bioactive factors in combination with fluidic flow-induced biomechanical signals significantly enhanced endothelial cell migration. Transcriptional analyses of endothelial cells demonstrate the induction of a unique gene expression profile related to tricarboxylic acid cycle and energy metabolism by the combination of BMSC-CM factors and shear stress, which opens an interesting avenue to explore during fracture healing. Our results stress the importance of in vivo - like microenvironments simultaneously including biochemical, biomechanical and oxygen levels when investigating key events during vessel repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Our results demonstrate the importance of recapitulating in vivo - like microenvironments when investigating key events during vessel repair. Endothelial cells exhibit enhanced angiogenesis characteristics when simultaneous exposing them to hMSC-CM, mechanical forces and biochemical signals simultaneously. The improved angiogenesis may not only result from the direct effect of growth factors, but also by reprogramming of endothelial cell metabolism. Moreover, with this model we demonstrated a synergistic impact of mechanical forces and biochemical factors on endothelial cell behavior and the expression of genes involved in the TCA cycle and energy metabolism, which opens an interesting new avenue to stimulate angiogenesis during fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhang
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan Tuk
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen van de Peppel
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gert-Jan Kremers
- Erasmus Optical Imaging Center, Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marijke Koedam
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Georg R Pesch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Zaid Rahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Remco M Hoogenboezem
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eric M J Bindels
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johan W van Neck
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pouyan E Boukany
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology; Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes P T M van Leeuwen
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bram C J van der Eerden
- Laboratory for Calcium and Bone Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center; Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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15
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Bruschi M, Vanzolini T, Sahu N, Balduini A, Magnani M, Fraternale A. Functionalized 3D scaffolds for engineering the hematopoietic niche. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:968086. [PMID: 36061428 PMCID: PMC9428512 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.968086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) reside in a subzone of the bone marrow (BM) defined as the hematopoietic niche where, via the interplay of differentiation and self-renewal, they can give rise to immune and blood cells. Artificial hematopoietic niches were firstly developed in 2D in vitro cultures but the limited expansion potential and stemness maintenance induced the optimization of these systems to avoid the total loss of the natural tissue complexity. The next steps were adopted by engineering different materials such as hydrogels, fibrous structures with natural or synthetic polymers, ceramics, etc. to produce a 3D substrate better resembling that of BM. Cytokines, soluble factors, adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, and the secretome of other niche-resident cells play a fundamental role in controlling and regulating HSC commitment. To provide biochemical cues, co-cultures, and feeder-layers, as well as natural or synthetic molecules were utilized. This review gathers key elements employed for the functionalization of a 3D scaffold that demonstrated to promote HSC growth and differentiation ranging from 1) biophysical cues, i.e., material, topography, stiffness, oxygen tension, and fluid shear stress to 2) biochemical hints favored by the presence of ECM elements, feeder cell layers, and redox scavengers. Particular focus is given to the 3D systems to recreate megakaryocyte products, to be applied for blood cell production, whereas HSC clinical application in such 3D constructs was limited so far to BM diseases testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Bruschi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
- *Correspondence: Michela Bruschi,
| | - Tania Vanzolini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Neety Sahu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Alessandra Balduini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
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16
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Agarwala S, Kim KY, Phan S, Ju S, Kong YE, Castillon GA, Bushong EA, Ellisman MH, Tamplin OJ. Defining the ultrastructure of the hematopoietic stem cell niche by correlative light and electron microscopy. eLife 2022; 11:64835. [PMID: 35943143 PMCID: PMC9391045 DOI: 10.7554/elife.64835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood system is supported by hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) found in a specialized microenvironment called the niche. Many different niche cell types support HSPCs, however how they interact and their ultrastructure has been difficult to define. Here, we show that single endogenous HSPCs can be tracked by light microscopy, then identified by serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBEM) at multiscale levels. Using the zebrafish larval kidney marrow (KM) niche as a model, we followed single fluorescently labeled HSPCs by light sheet microscopy, then confirmed their exact location in a 3D SBEM dataset. We found a variety of different configurations of HSPCs and surrounding niche cells, suggesting there could be functional heterogeneity in sites of HSPC lodgement. Our approach also allowed us to identify dopamine beta-hydroxylase (dbh) positive ganglion cells as a previously uncharacterized functional cell type in the HSPC niche. By integrating multiple imaging modalities, we could resolve the ultrastructure of single rare cells deep in live tissue and define all contacts between an HSPC and its surrounding niche cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobhika Agarwala
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, United States
| | - Keun-Young Kim
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Sebastien Phan
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Saeyeon Ju
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ye Eun Kong
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Guillaume A Castillon
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Eric A Bushong
- Center for Research in Biological Systems, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Mark H Ellisman
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Owen J Tamplin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States
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17
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Takihara Y, Higaki T, Yokomizo T, Umemoto T, Ariyoshi K, Hashimoto M, Sezaki M, Takizawa H, Inoue T, Suda T, Mizuno H. Bone marrow imaging reveals the migration dynamics of neonatal hematopoietic stem cells. Commun Biol 2022; 5:776. [PMID: 35918480 PMCID: PMC9346000 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03733-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are produced from the blood vessel walls and circulate in the blood during the perinatal period. However, the migration dynamics of how HSCs enter the bone marrow remain elusive. To observe the dynamics of HSCs over time, the present study develops an intravital imaging method to visualize bone marrow in neonatal long bones formed by endochondral ossification which is essential for HSC niche formation. Endogenous HSCs are labeled with tdTomato under the control of an HSC marker gene Hlf, and a customized imaging system with a bone penetrating laser is developed for intravital imaging of tdTomato-labeled neonatal HSCs in undrilled tibia, which is essential to avoid bleeding from fragile neonatal tibia by bone drilling. The migration speed of neonatal HSCs is higher than that of adult HSCs. Neonatal HSCs migrate from outside to inside the tibia via the blood vessels that penetrate the bone, which is a transient structure during the neonatal period, and settle on the blood vessel wall in the bone marrow. The results obtained from direct observations in vivo reveal the motile dynamics and colonization process of neonatal HSCs during bone marrow formation. An intravital imaging method reveals the in vivo motile dynamics and colonization process of neonatal hematopoietic stem cells during bone marrow formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Takihara
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Takumi Higaki
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Organization for Advanced Science and Technology (IROAST), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomomasa Yokomizo
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Terumasa Umemoto
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ariyoshi
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hashimoto
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Maiko Sezaki
- International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takizawa
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan.,International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Inoue
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshio Suda
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, 14 Medical Drive, #12-01, 117599, Singapore, Singapore. .,International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan.
| | - Hidenobu Mizuno
- Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan. .,International Research Center for Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan.
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18
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Floro e Silva M, Roque GAS, Machado DDA, Rocha FJS, Giorgio S. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis replicates in mouse bone marrow. Acta Trop 2022; 230:106407. [PMID: 35304124 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease caused by species of the protozoan Leishmania. Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis causes the cutaneous and mucocutaneous forms of the disease. Experimental cutaneous infection of mice is one of the most important preclinical research models of leishmaniasis. Here, we investigated the course of infection in mice inoculated with two reference strains of L. (V.) braziliensis (MHOM/BR/00/BA788 strain [BA] and MHOM/BR/94/H-3227 strain [CE]). Although both parasite strains induced detectable footpad lesions, BA-infected mice developed small non-ulcerated lesions that self-healed, whereas CE-infected mice developed small non-ulcerated lesions that did not regress. The parasites were detected in the footpad lesions, lymph nodes draining the site of inoculation, spleen, and bone marrow of mice infected with BA or CE parasites at 6 and 25 weeks post-inoculation. These data indicate that L (V.) braziliensis-infected mice harbor parasites that spread, even when these animals do not display overt lesions. In addition, this is the first report of the presence of the parasite in the bone marrow of mice inoculated with L. (V.) braziliensis.
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19
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Ahn S, Koh B, Lee J, Hong S, Kim I, Kim P. In Vivo
Observation of Multi‐phase Spatiotemporal Cellular Dynamics of Transplanted HSPCs During Early Engraftment. FASEB Bioadv 2022; 4:547-559. [PMID: 35949509 PMCID: PMC9353502 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is commonly used to treat patients with various blood disorders, genetic and immunological diseases, and solid tumors. Several systemic complications following HSCT are critical limiting factors for achieving a successful outcome. These systemic complications are mainly due to the lack of initial engraftment after transplantation. However, the detailed underlying cellular dynamics of early engraftment have not been fully characterized yet. We performed in vivo longitudinal visualization of early engraftment characteristics of transplanted hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the mouse calvarial bone marrow (BM). To achieve this, we utilized an in vivo laser‐scanning confocal microscopy imaging system with a cranial BM imaging window and stereotaxic device. We observed two distinct cellular behaviors of HSPCs in vivo, cluster formation and cluster dissociation, early after transplantation. Furthermore, we successfully identified three cellular phases of engraftment with distinct cellular distances which are coordinated with cell proliferation and cell migration dynamics during initial engraftment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Ahn
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
- IVIM Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - BongIhn Koh
- KI for the BioCentury Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Jingu Lee
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Sujung Hong
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Injune Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Pilhan Kim
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
- KI for Health Science and Technology (KIHST) Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
- IVIM Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Daejeon Republic of Korea
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20
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Li W, Liu YH, Estrada H, Rebling J, Reiss M, Galli S, Nombela-Arrieta C, Razansky D. Tracking Strain-Specific Morphogenesis and Angiogenesis of Murine Calvaria with Large-Scale Optoacoustic and Ultrasound Microscopy. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:1032-1043. [PMID: 35220594 PMCID: PMC9311448 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Skull bone development is a dynamic and well-coordinated process playing a key role in maturation and maintenance of the bone marrow (BM), fracture healing, and progression of diseases such as osteoarthritis or osteoporosis. At present, dynamic transformation of the growing bone (osteogenesis) as well as its vascularization (angiogenesis) remain largely unexplored due to the lack of suitable in vivo imaging techniques capable of noninvasive visualization of the whole developing calvaria at capillary-level resolution. We present a longitudinal study on skull bone development using ultrasound-aided large-scale optoacoustic microscopy (U-LSOM). Skull bone morphogenesis and microvascular growth patterns were monitored in three common mouse strains (C57BL/6J, CD-1, and Athymic Nude-Foxn1nu) at the whole-calvaria scale over a 3-month period. Strain-specific differences in skull development were revealed by quantitative analysis of bone and vessel parameters, indicating the coupling between angiogenesis and osteogenesis during skull bone growth in a minimally invasive and label-free manner. The method further enabled identifying BM-specific sinusoidal vessels, and superficial skull vessels penetrating into BM compartments. Our approach furnishes a new high-throughput longitudinal in vivo imaging platform to study morphological and vascular skull alterations in health and disease, shedding light on the critical links between blood vessel formation, skull growth, and regeneration. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiye Li
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Yu-Hang Liu
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Héctor Estrada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Rebling
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Reiss
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Serena Galli
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - César Nombela-Arrieta
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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21
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Li Y, Du Y, Xu Z, He Y, Yao R, Jiang H, Ju W, Qiao J, Xu K, Liu TM, Zeng L. Intravital lipid droplet labeling and imaging reveals the phenotypes and functions of individual macrophages in vivo. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100207. [PMID: 35398040 PMCID: PMC9117931 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play pivotal roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. However, the reactivation of macrophages toward proinflammatory states correlates with a plethora of inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis, obesity, neurodegeneration, and bone marrow (BM) failure syndromes. The lack of methods to reveal macrophage phenotype and function in vivo impedes the translational research of these diseases. Here, we found that proinflammatory macrophages accumulate intracellular lipid droplets (LDs) relative to resting or noninflammatory macrophages both in vitro and in vivo, indicating that LD accumulation serves as a structural biomarker for macrophage phenotyping. To realize the staining and imaging of macrophage LDs in vivo, we developed a fluorescent fatty acid analog-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle to label macrophages in mice with high efficiency and specificity. Using these novel nanoparticles, we achieved in situ functional identification of single macrophages in BM, liver, lung, and adipose tissues under conditions of acute or chronic inflammation. Moreover, with this intravital imaging platform, we further realized in vivo phenotyping of individual macrophages in the calvarial BM of mice under systemic inflammation. In conclusion, we established an efficient in vivo LD labeling and imaging system for single macrophage phenotyping, which will aid in the development of diagnostics and therapeutic monitoring. Moreover, this method also provides new avenues for the study of lipid trafficking and dynamics in vivo.
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22
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Gilchrist AE, Harley BA. Engineered Tissue Models to Replicate Dynamic Interactions within the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102130. [PMID: 34936239 PMCID: PMC8986554 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells are the progenitors of the blood and immune system and represent the most widely used regenerative therapy. However, their rarity and limited donor base necessitate the design of ex vivo systems that support HSC expansion without the loss of long-term stem cell activity. This review describes recent advances in biomaterials systems to replicate features of the hematopoietic niche. Inspired by the native bone marrow, these instructive biomaterials provide stimuli and cues from cocultured niche-associated cells to support HSC encapsulation and expansion. Engineered systems increasingly enable study of the dynamic nature of the matrix and biomolecular environment as well as the role of cell-cell signaling (e.g., autocrine feedback vs paracrine signaling between dissimilar cells). The inherent coupling of material properties, biotransport of cell-secreted factors, and cell-mediated remodeling motivate dynamic biomaterial systems as well as characterization and modeling tools capable of evaluating a temporally evolving tissue microenvironment. Recent advances in HSC identification and tracking, model-based experimental design, and single-cell culture platforms facilitate the study of the effect of constellations of matrix, cell, and soluble factor signals on HSC fate. While inspired by the HSC niche, these tools are amenable to the broader stem cell engineering community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidan E. Gilchrist
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Brendan A.C. Harley
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801
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23
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Sui C, Zilberberg J, Lee W. Microfluidic device engineered to study the trafficking of multiple myeloma cancer cells through the sinusoidal niche of bone marrow. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1439. [PMID: 35087109 PMCID: PMC8795452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable B cell malignancy characterized by the accumulation of monoclonal abnormal plasma cells in the bone marrow (BM). It has been a significant challenge to study the spatiotemporal interactions of MM cancer cells with the embedded microenvironments of BM. Here we report a microfluidic device which was designed to mimic several physiological features of the BM niche: (1) sinusoidal circulation, (2) sinusoidal endothelium, and (3) stroma. The endothelial and stromal compartments were constructed and used to demonstrate the device's utility by spatiotemporally characterizing the CXCL12-mediated egression of MM cells from the BM stroma and its effects on the barrier function of endothelial cells (ECs). We found that the egression of MM cells resulted in less organized and loosely connected ECs, the widening of EC junction pores, and increased permeability through ECs, but without significantly affecting the number density of viable ECs. The results suggest that the device can be used to study the physical and secreted factors determining the trafficking of cancer cells through BM. The sinusoidal flow feature of the device provides an integral element for further creating systemic models of cancers that reside or metastasize to the BM niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sui
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
| | - Jenny Zilberberg
- Hackensack Meridian Health, Center for Discovery and Innovation, Nutley, NJ, 07110, USA
| | - Woo Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point on Hudson, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA. .,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, 1 Castle Point On Hudson, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA.
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24
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Rohde D, Vandoorne K, Lee IH, Grune J, Zhang S, McAlpine CS, Schloss MJ, Nayar R, Courties G, Frodermann V, Wojtkiewicz G, Honold L, Chen Q, Schmidt S, Iwamoto Y, Sun Y, Cremer S, Hoyer FF, Iborra-Egea O, Muñoz-Guijosa C, Ji F, Zhou B, Adams RH, Wythe JD, Hidalgo J, Watanabe H, Jung Y, van der Laan AM, Piek JJ, Kfoury Y, Désogère PA, Vinegoni C, Dutta P, Sadreyev RI, Caravan P, Bayes-Genis A, Libby P, Scadden DT, Lin CP, Naxerova K, Swirski FK, Nahrendorf M. Bone marrow endothelial dysfunction promotes myeloid cell expansion in cardiovascular disease. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2021; 1:28-44. [PMID: 35747128 PMCID: PMC9216333 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-021-00002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAbnormal hematopoiesis advances cardiovascular disease by generating excess inflammatory leukocytes that attack the arteries and the heart. The bone marrow niche regulates hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and hence the systemic leukocyte pool, but whether cardiovascular disease affects the hematopoietic organ’s microvasculature is unknown. Here we show that hypertension, atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction (MI) instigate endothelial dysfunction, leakage, vascular fibrosis and angiogenesis in the bone marrow, altogether leading to overproduction of inflammatory myeloid cells and systemic leukocytosis. Limiting angiogenesis with endothelial deletion of Vegfr2 (encoding vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 2) curbed emergency hematopoiesis after MI. We noted that bone marrow endothelial cells assumed inflammatory transcriptional phenotypes in all examined stages of cardiovascular disease. Endothelial deletion of Il6 or Vcan (encoding versican), genes shown to be highly expressed in mice with atherosclerosis or MI, reduced hematopoiesis and systemic myeloid cell numbers in these conditions. Our findings establish that cardiovascular disease remodels the vascular bone marrow niche, stimulating hematopoiesis and production of inflammatory leukocytes.
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25
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Vascular Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Homeostasis, Regeneration, and Aging. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2021; 7:194-203. [PMID: 34868826 PMCID: PMC8639543 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-021-00198-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) sit at the top of the hierarchy that meets the daily burden of blood production. HSC maintenance relies on extrinsic cues from the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment to balance stem cell self-renewal and cell fate decisions. In this brief review, we will highlight the studies and model systems that define the centralized role of BM vascular endothelium in modulating HSC activity in health and stress. Recent Findings The BM microenvironment is composed of a diverse array of intimately associated vascular and perivascular cell types. Recent dynamic imaging studies, coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and functional readouts, have advanced our understanding of the HSC-supportive cell types and their cooperative mechanisms that govern stem cell fate during homeostasis, regeneration, and aging. These findings have established complex and discrete vascular microenvironments within the BM that express overlapping and unique paracrine signals that modulate HSC fate. Summary Understanding the spatial and reciprocal HSC-niche interactions and the molecular mechanisms that govern HSC activity in the BM vascular microenvironment will be integral in developing therapies aimed at ameliorating hematological disease and supporting healthy hematopoietic output.
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26
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Yip RKH, Rimes JS, Capaldo BD, Vaillant F, Mouchemore KA, Pal B, Chen Y, Surgenor E, Murphy AJ, Anderson RL, Smyth GK, Lindeman GJ, Hawkins ED, Visvader JE. Mammary tumour cells remodel the bone marrow vascular microenvironment to support metastasis. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6920. [PMID: 34836954 PMCID: PMC8626461 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26556-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow is a preferred metastatic site for multiple solid tumours and is associated with poor prognosis and significant morbidity. Accumulating evidence indicates that cancer cells colonise specialised niches within the bone marrow to support their long-term propagation, but the precise location and mechanisms that mediate niche interactions are unknown. Using breast cancer as a model of solid tumour metastasis to the bone marrow, we applied large-scale quantitative three-dimensional imaging to characterise temporal changes in the bone marrow microenvironment during disease progression. We show that mouse mammary tumour cells preferentially home to a pre-existing metaphyseal domain enriched for type H vessels. Metastatic lesion outgrowth rapidly remodelled the local vasculature through extensive sprouting to establish a tumour-supportive microenvironment. The evolution of this tumour microenvironment reflects direct remodelling of the vascular endothelium through tumour-derived granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a hematopoietic cell-independent manner. Therapeutic targeting of the metastatic niche by blocking G-CSF receptor inhibited pathological blood vessel remodelling and reduced bone metastasis burden. These findings elucidate a mechanism of 'host' microenvironment hijacking by mammary tumour cells to subvert the local microvasculature to form a specialised, pro-tumorigenic niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond K. H. Yip
- grid.1042.7ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Joel S. Rimes
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1042.7Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Bianca D. Capaldo
- grid.1042.7ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - François Vaillant
- grid.1042.7ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Kellie A. Mouchemore
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086 Australia ,grid.482637.cOlivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084 Australia
| | - Bhupinder Pal
- grid.1042.7ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086 Australia ,grid.482637.cOlivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084 Australia
| | - Yunshun Chen
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1042.7Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Elliot Surgenor
- grid.1042.7ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Andrew J. Murphy
- grid.1002.30000 0004 1936 7857Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC Australia ,grid.1051.50000 0000 9760 5620Division of Immunometabolism, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Robin L. Anderson
- grid.1018.80000 0001 2342 0938School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086 Australia ,grid.482637.cOlivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, VIC 3084 Australia
| | - Gordon K. Smyth
- grid.1042.7Bioinformatics Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XSchool of Mathematics and Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Geoffrey J. Lindeman
- grid.1042.7ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1055.10000000403978434Department of Medical Oncology and Parkville Familial Cancer Centre, The Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3050 Australia
| | - Edwin D. Hawkins
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia ,grid.1042.7Inflammation Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Jane E. Visvader
- grid.1042.7ACRF Cancer Biology and Stem Cells Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010 Australia
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27
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Rindone AN, Liu X, Farhat S, Perdomo-Pantoja A, Witham TF, Coutu DL, Wan M, Grayson WL. Quantitative 3D imaging of the cranial microvascular environment at single-cell resolution. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6219. [PMID: 34711819 PMCID: PMC8553857 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26455-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascularization is critical for skull development, maintenance, and healing. Yet, there remains a significant knowledge gap in the relationship of blood vessels to cranial skeletal progenitors during these processes. Here, we introduce a quantitative 3D imaging platform to enable the visualization and analysis of high-resolution data sets (>100 GB) throughout the entire murine calvarium. Using this technique, we provide single-cell resolution 3D maps of vessel phenotypes and skeletal progenitors in the frontoparietal cranial bones. Through these high-resolution data sets, we demonstrate that CD31hiEmcnhi vessels are spatially correlated with both Osterix+ and Gli1+ skeletal progenitors during postnatal growth, healing, and stimulated remodeling, and are concentrated at transcortical canals and osteogenic fronts. Interestingly, we find that this relationship is weakened in mice with a conditional knockout of PDGF-BB in TRAP+ osteoclasts, suggesting a potential role for osteoclasts in maintaining the native cranial microvascular environment. Our findings provide a foundational framework for understanding how blood vessels and skeletal progenitors spatially interact in cranial bone, and will enable more targeted studies into the mechanisms of skull disease pathologies and treatments. Additionally, our technique can be readily adapted to study numerous cell types and investigate other elusive phenomena in cranial bone biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra N Rindone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Stephanie Farhat
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Timothy F Witham
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Daniel L Coutu
- Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Mei Wan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Warren L Grayson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Institute for NanoBioTechnology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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28
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Krüppel-like Factor 2 (KLF2) in Immune Cell Migration. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9101171. [PMID: 34696279 PMCID: PMC8539188 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2), a transcription factor of the krüppel-like family, is a key regulator of activation, differentiation, and migration processes in various cell types. In this review, we focus on the functional relevance of KLF2 in immune cell migration and homing. We summarize the key functions of KLF2 in the regulation of chemokine receptors and adhesion molecules and discuss the relevance of the KLF2-mediated control of immune cell migration in the context of immune responses, infections, and diseases.
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29
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Matrix biophysical cues direct mesenchymal stromal cell functions in immunity. Acta Biomater 2021; 133:126-138. [PMID: 34365041 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have been used to design synthetic matrices that capture salient features of matrix microenvironments to study and control cellular functions. Recent advances in understanding of both extracellular matrix biology and biomaterial design have shown that biophysical cues are powerful mediators of cell biology, especially that of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs have been tested in many clinical trials because of their ability to modulate immune cells in different pathological conditions. While roles of biophysical cues in MSC biology have been studied in the context of multilineage differentiation, their significance in regulating immunomodulatory functions of MSCs is just beginning to be elucidated. This review first describes design principles behind how biophysical cues in native microenvironments influence the ability of MSCs to regulate immune cell production and functions. We will then discuss how biophysical cues can be leveraged to optimize cell isolation, priming, and delivery, which can help improve the success of MSC therapy for immunomodulation. Finally, a perspective is presented on how implementing biophysical cues in MSC potency assay can be important in predicting clinical outcomes. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Stromal cells of mesenchymal origin are known to direct immune cell functions in vivo by secreting paracrine mediators. This property has been leveraged in developing mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-based therapeutics by adoptive transfer to treat immunological rejection and tissue injuries, which have been tested in over one thousand clinical trials to date, but with mixed success. Advances in biomaterial design have enabled precise control of biophysical cues based on how stromal cells interact with the extracellular matrix in microenvironments in situ. Investigators have begun to use this approach to understand how different matrix biophysical parameters, such as fiber orientation, porosity, dimensionality, and viscoelasticity impact stromal cell-mediated immunomodulation. The insights gained from this effort can potentially be used to precisely define the microenvironmental cues for isolation, priming, and delivery of MSCs, which can be tailored based on different disease indications for optimal therapeutic outcomes.
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30
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The endothelium-bone axis in development, homeostasis and bone and joint disease. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2021; 17:608-620. [PMID: 34480164 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Blood vessels form a versatile transport network that is best known for its critical roles in processes such as tissue oxygenation, metabolism and immune surveillance. The vasculature also provides local, often organ-specific, molecular signals that control the behaviour of other cell types in their vicinity during development, homeostasis and regeneration, and also in disease processes. In the skeletal system, the local vasculature is actively involved in both bone formation and resorption. In addition, blood vessels participate in inflammatory processes and contribute to the pathogenesis of diseases that affect the joints, such as rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. This Review summarizes the current understanding of the architecture, angiogenic growth and functional properties of the bone vasculature. The effects of ageing and pathological conditions, including arthritis and osteoporosis, are also discussed.
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31
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Bone marrow remodelling supports hematopoiesis in response to immune thrombocytopenia progression. Blood Adv 2021; 5:4877-4889. [PMID: 34428275 PMCID: PMC9153055 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020003887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustained ITP activates and increases the number of functional LT-HSCs. The remodeled ITP bone marrow enhances hematopoiesis.
Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune condition characterized by both reduced platelet production and the destruction of functionally normal platelets by sustained attack from the immune system. However, the effect of prolonged ITP on the more immature hematopoietic progenitors remains an open area of investigation. By using a murine in vivo model of extended ITP, we revealed that ITP progression drives considerable progenitor expansion and bone marrow (BM) remodeling. Single-cell assays using Lin–Sca1+c-Kit+CD48–CD150+ long-term hematopoietic stem cells (LT-HSCs) revealed elevated LT-HSC activation and proliferation in vitro. However, the increased activation did not come at the expense of LT-HSC functionality as measured by in vivo serial transplantations. ITP progression was associated with considerable BM vasodilation and angiogenesis, as well as a twofold increase in the local production of CXCL12, a cytokine essential for LT-HSC function and BM homing expressed at high levels by LepR+ BM stromal cells. This was associated with a 1.5-fold increase in LepR+ BM stromal cells and a 5.5-fold improvement in progenitor homing to the BM. The increase in stromal cells was transient and reverted back to baseline after platelet count returned to normal, but the vasculature changes in the BM persisted. Together, our data demonstrate that LT-HSCs expand in response to ITP and that LT-HSC functionality during sustained hematopoietic stress is maintained through an adapting BM microenvironment.
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32
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Mian SA, Bonnet D. Nature or Nurture? Role of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in the Genesis and Maintenance of Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4116. [PMID: 34439269 PMCID: PMC8394536 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are clonal haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) disorders driven by a complex combination(s) of changes within the genome that result in heterogeneity in both clinical phenotype and disease outcomes. MDS is among the most common of the haematological cancers and its incidence markedly increases with age. Currently available treatments have limited success, with <5% of patients undergoing allogeneic HSC transplantation, a procedure that offers the only possible cure. Critical contributions of the bone marrow microenvironment to the MDS have recently been investigated. Although the better understanding of the underlying biology, particularly genetics of haematopoietic stem cells, has led to better disease and risk classification; however, the role that the bone marrow microenvironment plays in the development of MDS remains largely unclear. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in understanding the aetiology of MDS, particularly focussing on understanding how HSCs and the surrounding immune/non-immune bone marrow niche interacts together.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK;
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33
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Wu JW, Jung Y, Yeh SCA, Seo Y, Runnels JM, Burns CS, Mizoguchi T, Ito K, Spencer JA, Lin CP. Intravital fluorescence microscopy with negative contrast. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255204. [PMID: 34351959 PMCID: PMC8341626 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in intravital microscopy (IVM) have enabled the studies of cellular organization and dynamics in the native microenvironment of intact organisms with minimal perturbation. The abilities to track specific cell populations and monitor their interactions have opened up new horizons for visualizing cell biology in vivo, yet the success of standard fluorescence cell labeling approaches for IVM comes with a "dark side" in that unlabeled cells are invisible, leaving labeled cells or structures to appear isolated in space, devoid of their surroundings and lacking proper biological context. Here we describe a novel method for "filling in the void" by harnessing the ubiquity of extracellular (interstitial) fluid and its ease of fluorescence labelling by commonly used vascular and lymphatic tracers. We show that during routine labeling of the vasculature and lymphatics for IVM, commonly used fluorescent tracers readily perfuse the interstitial spaces of the bone marrow (BM) and the lymph node (LN), outlining the unlabeled cells and forming negative contrast images that complement standard (positive) cell labeling approaches. The method is simple yet powerful, offering a comprehensive view of the cellular landscape such as cell density and spatial distribution, as well as dynamic processes such as cell motility and transmigration across the vascular endothelium. The extracellular localization of the dye and the interstitial flow provide favorable conditions for prolonged Intravital time lapse imaging with minimal toxicity and photobleaching.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwell W. Wu
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yookyung Jung
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Spectroscopy and Dynamics, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shu-Chi A. Yeh
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Yongwan Seo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Judith M. Runnels
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Christian S. Burns
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines and the Health Science Research Institute, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Toshihide Mizoguchi
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Departments of Cell Biology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Ito
- Ruth L. and David S. Gottesman Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research, Departments of Cell Biology and Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Joel A. Spencer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines and the Health Science Research Institute, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Charles P. Lin
- Center for Systems Biology and Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
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34
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Gomes AL, Gribben J, Siow B, Passaro D, Bonnet D. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging quantification of leukemia-induced changes in bone marrow vascular function. Haematologica 2021; 106:2281-2286. [PMID: 33764000 PMCID: PMC8327741 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2020.277269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana L Gomes
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT
| | - John Gribben
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ
| | - Bernard Siow
- In Vivo Imaging, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT.
| | - Diana Passaro
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom; Present address: Leukemia and Niche Dynamics Laboratory, Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, F-75014 PARIS.
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT.
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Bornert A, Boscher J, Pertuy F, Eckly A, Stegner D, Strassel C, Gachet C, Lanza F, Léon C. Cytoskeletal-based mechanisms differently regulate in vivo and in vitro proplatelet formation. Haematologica 2021; 106:1368-1380. [PMID: 32327502 PMCID: PMC8094084 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.239111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are produced by bone marrow megakaryocytes through cytoplasmic protrusions, named native proplatelets (nPPT), into blood vessels. Proplatelets also refer to protrusions observed in megakaryocyte culture (cultured proplatelets [cPPT]) which are morphologically different. Contrary to cPPT, the mechanisms of nPPT formation are poorly understood. We show here in living mice that nPPT elongation is in equilibrium between protrusion and retraction forces mediated by myosin-IIA. We also found, using wild-type and b1-tubulin-deficient mice, that microtubule behavior differs between cPPT and nPPT, being absolutely required in vitro, while less critical in vivo. Remarkably, microtubule depolymerization in myosin-deficient mice did not affect nPPT elongation. We then calculated that blood Stokes’ forces may be sufficient to promote nPPT extension, independently of myosin and microtubules. Together, we propose a new mechanism for nPPT extension that might explain contradictions between severely affected cPPT production and moderate platelet count defects in some patients and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Bornert
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julie Boscher
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Pertuy
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anita Eckly
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - David Stegner
- University Hospital Würzburg and Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, Germany
| | - Catherine Strassel
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christian Gachet
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - François Lanza
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Léon
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
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Kristensen HB, Andersen TL, Patriarca A, Kallenbach K, MacDonald B, Sikjaer T, Ejersted C, Delaisse JM. Human hematopoietic microenvironments. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250081. [PMID: 33878141 PMCID: PMC8057613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dormancy of hematopoietic stem cells and formation of progenitors are directed by signals that come from the bone marrow microenvironment. Considerable knowledge has been gained on the murine hematopoietic stem cell microenvironment, while less so on the murine progenitor microenvironment and even less so on these microenvironments in humans. Characterization of these microenvironments is decisive for understanding hematopoiesis and finding new treatment modalities against bone marrow malignancies in the clinic. However, it is equally challenging, because hematopoietic stem cells are difficult to detect in the complex bone marrow landscape. In the present study we are characterizing the human hematopoietic stem cell and progenitor microenvironment. We obtained three adjacent bone marrow sections from ten healthy volunteers. One was used to identify a population of CD34+/CD38- “hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors” and a population of CD34+/CD38+ “progenitors” based on immunofluorescence pattern/intensity and cellular morphology. The other two were immunostained respectively for CD34/CD56 and for CD34/SMA. Using the combined information we performed a non-computer-assisted quantification of nine bone marrow components (adipocytes, megakaryocytes, bone surfaces, four different vessel types (arteries, capillaries, sinusoids and collecting sinuses), other “hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors” and other “progenitors”) within 30 μm of “hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors”, “progenitors”, and “random cell profiles”. We show that the microenvironment of the “hematopoietic stem cells and multipotent progenitors” is significantly enriched in sinusoids and megakaryocytes, while the microenvironment of the “progenitors” is significantly enriched in capillaries, other “progenitors”, bone surfaces and arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Bjoerg Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology, Institute of Regional Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Cell Biology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research and Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Thomas Levin Andersen
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology, Institute of Regional Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Cell Biology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research and Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Andrea Patriarca
- Division of Hematology, Department of Oncology, Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Klaus Kallenbach
- Department of Pathology, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Birgit MacDonald
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology, Institute of Regional Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
| | - Tanja Sikjaer
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Ejersted
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jean-Marie Delaisse
- Department of Clinical Cell Biology, Institute of Regional Health Science, University of Southern Denmark, Lillebaelt Hospital, Vejle, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Cell Biology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research and Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Huang Q, Garrett A, Bose S, Blocker S, Rios AC, Clevers H, Shen X. The frontier of live tissue imaging across space and time. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 28:603-622. [PMID: 33798422 PMCID: PMC8034393 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
What you see is what you get-imaging techniques have long been essential for visualization and understanding of tissue development, homeostasis, and regeneration, which are driven by stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Advances in molecular and tissue modeling techniques in the last decade are providing new imaging modalities to explore tissue heterogeneity and plasticity. Here we describe current state-of-the-art imaging modalities for tissue research at multiple scales, with a focus on explaining key tradeoffs such as spatial resolution, penetration depth, capture time/frequency, and moieties. We explore emerging tissue modeling and molecular tools that improve resolution, specificity, and throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Huang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004 Shaanxi, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Aliesha Garrett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Shree Bose
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Stephanie Blocker
- Center for In Vitro Microscopy, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Anne C Rios
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands; Department of Cancer Research, Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW Utrecht, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands; Department of Cancer Research, Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW Utrecht, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands; Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center (UMC) Utrecht, Utrecht 3584, the Netherlands
| | - Xiling Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Hughes R, Chen X, Cowley N, Ottewell PD, Hawkins RJ, Hunter KD, Hobbs JK, Brown NJ, Holen I. Osteoblast-Derived Paracrine and Juxtacrine Signals Protect Disseminated Breast Cancer Cells from Stress. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1366. [PMID: 33803526 PMCID: PMC8003019 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic breast cancer in bone is incurable and there is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic approaches to improve survival. Key to this is understanding the mechanisms governing cancer cell survival and growth in bone, which involves interplay between malignant and accessory cell types. Here, we performed a cellular and molecular comparison of the bone microenvironment in mouse models representing either metastatic indolence or growth, to identify mechanisms regulating cancer cell survival and fate. In vivo, we show that regardless of their fate, breast cancer cells in bone occupy niches rich in osteoblastic cells. As the number of osteoblasts in bone declines, so does the ability to sustain large numbers of breast cancer cells and support metastatic outgrowth. In vitro, osteoblasts protected breast cancer cells from death induced by cell stress and signaling via gap junctions was found to provide important juxtacrine protective mechanisms between osteoblasts and both MDA-MB-231 (TNBC) and MCF7 (ER+) breast cancer cells. Combined with mathematical modelling, these findings indicate that the fate of DTCs is not controlled through the association with specific vessel subtypes. Instead, numbers of osteoblasts dictate availability of protective niches which breast cancer cells can colonize prior to stimulation of metastatic outgrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell Hughes
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (X.C.); (P.D.O.); (N.J.B.); (I.H.)
| | - Xinyue Chen
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (X.C.); (P.D.O.); (N.J.B.); (I.H.)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK; (N.C.); (R.J.H.); (J.K.H.)
| | - Natasha Cowley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK; (N.C.); (R.J.H.); (J.K.H.)
| | - Penelope D. Ottewell
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (X.C.); (P.D.O.); (N.J.B.); (I.H.)
| | - Rhoda J. Hawkins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK; (N.C.); (R.J.H.); (J.K.H.)
| | - Keith D. Hunter
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK;
| | - Jamie K. Hobbs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK; (N.C.); (R.J.H.); (J.K.H.)
| | - Nicola J. Brown
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (X.C.); (P.D.O.); (N.J.B.); (I.H.)
| | - Ingunn Holen
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, and Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK; (X.C.); (P.D.O.); (N.J.B.); (I.H.)
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Mian SA, Abarrategi A, Kong KL, Rouault-Pierre K, Wood H, Oedekoven CA, Smith AE, Batsivari A, Ariza-McNaughton L, Johnson P, Snoeks T, Mufti GJ, Bonnet D. Ectopic humanized mesenchymal niche in mice enables robust engraftment of myelodysplastic stem cells. Blood Cancer Discov 2021; 2:135-145. [PMID: 33778768 PMCID: PMC7610449 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-20-0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are clonal stem cell diseases characterized mainly by ineffective hematopoiesis. Here, we present an approach that enables robust long-term engraftment of primary MDS stem cells (MDS-SCs) in mice by implantation of human mesenchymal cell-seeded scaffolds. Critically for modelling MDS, where patient sample material is limiting, mononuclear bone marrow cells containing as few as 104 CD34+ cells can be engrafted and expanded by this approach with the maintenance of the genetic make-up seen in the patients. Non-invasive high-resolution ultrasound imaging shows that these scaffolds are fully perfused. Our data shows that human microenvironment but not mouse is essential to MDS-SCs homing and engraftment. Notably, the alternative niche provided by healthy donor MSCs enhanced engraftment of MDS-SCs. This study characterizes a new tool to model MDS human disease with the level of engraftment previously unattainable in mice, and offers insights into human-specific determinants of MDS-SC microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed A Mian
- Department of Haematology, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ander Abarrategi
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kar Lok Kong
- Department of Haematology, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Rouault-Pierre
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henry Wood
- Department of Haematology, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- King's College Hospital London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline A Oedekoven
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander E Smith
- Department of Haematology, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- King's College Hospital London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antoniana Batsivari
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Peter Johnson
- Imaging Research Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Snoeks
- Imaging Research Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ghulam J Mufti
- Department of Haematology, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
- King's College Hospital London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Haematopoietic Stem Cell Lab, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
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40
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Chen D, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Liu Z, Fang X, He S, Wu C. NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging Reveals Bone Marrow Retention of Small Polymer Nanoparticles. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:798-805. [PMID: 33346668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The concept that systemically administered nanoparticles are highly accumulated into the liver, spleen and kidney is a central paradigm in the field of nanomedicine. Here, we report that bone is an important organ for retention of small polymer nanoparticles using in vivo fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window. We prepared different sized polymer nanoparticles with both visible and NIR-II fluorescence. NIR-II imaging reveals that the behavior of nanoparticle distribution in bone was largely dependent on the particle size. Small polymer nanoparticles of ∼15 nm diameter showed fast accumulation and long-term retention in bone, while the nanoparticles larger than ∼25 nm were dominantly distributed in liver. Confocal microscopy of bone sections indicated that the nanoparticles were largely distributed in the endothelial cells of sinusoidal vessels in bone marrow. The study provides promising opportunities for bone imaging and treatment of bone-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhihe Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiaofeng Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shuqing He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Changfeng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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41
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Jasuja H, Kar S, Katti DR, Katti K. Perfusion bioreactor enabled fluid-derived shear stress conditions for novel bone metastatic prostate cancer testbed. Biofabrication 2021; 13. [PMID: 33418550 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/abd9d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Critical understanding of the complex metastatic cascade of prostate cancer is necessary for the development of a therapeutic interventions for treating metastatic prostate cancer. Increasing evidence supports the synergistic role of biochemical and biophysical cues in cancer progression at metastases. The biochemical factors such as cytokines have been extensively studied in relation to prostate cancer progression to the bone; however, the role of shear stress-induced by interstitial fluid around bone extracellular matrix has not been fully explored as a driving factor for prostate cancer metastasis. Shear stress governs various cellular processes, including cell proliferation and migration. Thus, it is essential to understand the impact of fluid-derived shear stress on the aggressiveness of prostate cancer at the metastatic stage. Here, we report development of a three-dimensional (3D) in-vitro dynamic cell culture system to recapitulate the microenvironment of prostate cancer bone metastasis, to understand the cause of modulation in cell response under fluid-derived shear stress. We observed an increased human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) proliferation and differentiation rate under dynamic culture. We observed that hMSCs under static culture form cell agglutinates, whereas under dynamic culture, hMSCs exhibited a directional alignment with broad and flattened morphology. Next, we observed increased expression of mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) biomarkers in bone metastasized prostate cancer models as well as large changes in cellular and tumoroid morphologies with shear stress. Evaluation of cell adhesion proteins indicated that the altered cancer cell morphologies resulted from the constant force pulling due to increased E-Cadherin and phosphorylated Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) proteins under shear stress. Collectively, we have successfully developed a 3D in-vitro dynamic model to recapitulate the behavior of bone metastatic prostate cancer under dynamic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneesh Jasuja
- North Dakota State University, 1410 14th Ave N, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105, UNITED STATES
| | - Sumanta Kar
- North Dakota State University, 1410 14th Ave N, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58108-6050, UNITED STATES
| | - Dinesh R Katti
- Department of Civil Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1410 14th Ave N, Fargo, North Dakota, 58108-6050, UNITED STATES
| | - Kalpana Katti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, 1410 14th Ave N, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105, UNITED STATES
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Brooks J, Kumar B, Zuro DM, Raybuck JD, Madabushi SS, Vishwasrao P, Parra LE, Kortylewski M, Armstrong B, Froelich J, Hui SK. Biophysical Characterization of the Leukemic Bone Marrow Vasculature Reveals Benefits of Neoadjuvant Low-Dose Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021; 109:60-72. [PMID: 32841681 PMCID: PMC7736317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.08.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although vascular alterations in solid tumor malignancies are known to decrease therapeutic delivery, the effects of leukemia-induced bone marrow vasculature (BMV) alterations on therapeutic delivery are not well known. Additionally, functional quantitative measurements of the leukemic BMV during chemotherapy and radiation therapy are limited, largely due to a lack of high-resolution imaging techniques available preclinically. This study develops a murine model using compartmental modeling for quantitative multiphoton microscopy (QMPM) to characterize the malignant BMV before and during treatment. METHODS AND MATERIALS Using QMPM, live time-lapsed images of dextran leakage from the local BMV to the surrounding bone marrow of mice bearing acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were taken and fit to a 2-compartment model to measure the transfer rate (Ktrans), fractional extracellular extravascular space (νec), and vascular permeability parameters, as well as functional single-vessel characteristics. In response to leukemia-induced BMV alterations, the effects of 2 to 4 Gy low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) on the BMV, drug delivery, and mouse survival were assessed post-treatment to determine whether neoadjuvant LDRT before chemotherapy improves treatment outcome. RESULTS Mice bearing ALL had significantly altered Ktrans, increased νec, and increased permeability compared with healthy mice. Angiogenesis, decreased single-vessel perfusion, and decreased vessel diameter were observed. BMV alterations resulted in disease-dependent reductions in cellular uptake of Hoechst dye. LDRT to mice bearing ALL dilated BMV, increased single-vessel perfusion, and increased daunorubicin uptake by ALL cells. Consequently, LDRT administered to mice before receiving nilotinib significantly increased survival compared with mice receiving LDRT after nilotinib, demonstrating the importance of LDRT conditioning before therapeutic administration. CONCLUSION The developed QMPM enables single-platform assessments of the pharmacokinetics of fluorescent agents and characterization of the BMV. Initial results suggest BMV alterations after neoadjuvant LDRT may contribute to enhanced drug delivery and increased treatment efficacy for ALL. The developed QMPM enables observations of the BMV for use in ALL treatment optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamison Brooks
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope, Duarte, California; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Bijender Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope, Duarte, California; Hematology Malignancies and Stem Cell Transplantation Institute, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California
| | - Darren M Zuro
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope, Duarte, California; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcin Kortylewski
- Department of Immuno-Oncology, City of Hope, Duarte, California; Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Brian Armstrong
- Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California; Department of Development and Stem Cell Biology, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Jerry Froelich
- Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Susanta K Hui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, City of Hope, Duarte, California; Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California.
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Margarido AS, Bornes L, Vennin C, van Rheenen J. Cellular Plasticity during Metastasis: New Insights Provided by Intravital Microscopy. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2020; 10:cshperspect.a037267. [PMID: 31615867 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a037267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a highly dynamic process during which cancer and microenvironmental cells undergo a cascade of events required for efficient dissemination throughout the body. During the metastatic cascade, tumor cells can change their state and behavior, a phenomenon commonly defined as cellular plasticity. To monitor cellular plasticity during metastasis, high-resolution intravital microscopy (IVM) techniques have been developed and allow us to visualize individual cells by repeated imaging in animal models. In this review, we summarize the latest technological advancements in the field of IVM and how they have been applied to monitor metastatic events. In particular, we highlight how longitudinal imaging in native tissues can provide new insights into the plastic physiological and developmental processes that are hijacked by cancer cells during metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia S Margarido
- Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Bornes
- Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Vennin
- Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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44
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Helbling PM, Piñeiro-Yáñez E, Gerosa R, Boettcher S, Al-Shahrour F, Manz MG, Nombela-Arrieta C. Global Transcriptomic Profiling of the Bone Marrow Stromal Microenvironment during Postnatal Development, Aging, and Inflammation. Cell Rep 2020; 29:3313-3330.e4. [PMID: 31801092 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) stromal cells provide the regulatory framework for hematopoiesis and contribute to developmental stage-specific niches, such as those preserving hematopoietic stem cells. Despite advances in our understanding of stromal function, little is known about the transcriptional changes that this compartment undergoes throughout lifespan and during adaptation to stress. Using RNA sequencing, we perform transcriptional analyses of four principal stromal subsets, namely CXCL12-abundant reticular, platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR)-α+Sca1+, sinusoidal, and arterial endothelial cells, from early postnatal, adult, and aged mice. Our data reveal (1) molecular fingerprints defining cell-specific anatomical and functional features, (2) a radical reprogramming of pro-hematopoietic, immune, and matrisomic transcriptional programs during the transition from juvenile stages to adulthood, and (3) the aging-driven progressive upregulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression in stroma. We further demonstrate that transcriptomic pathways elicited in vivo by prototypic microbial molecules are largely recapitulated during aging, thereby supporting the inflammatory basis of age-related adaptations of BM hematopoietic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M Helbling
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elena Piñeiro-Yáñez
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rahel Gerosa
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Steffen Boettcher
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Fátima Al-Shahrour
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Markus G Manz
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - César Nombela-Arrieta
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
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3D Bone Morphology Alters Gene Expression, Motility, and Drug Responses in Bone Metastatic Tumor Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186913. [PMID: 32967150 PMCID: PMC7555977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced skeletal metastases arising from primary cancers including breast, lung, and prostate suffer from extreme pain, bone loss, and frequent fractures. While the importance of interactions between bone and tumors is well-established, our understanding of complex cell–cell and cell–microenvironment interactions remains limited in part due to a lack of appropriate 3D bone models. To improve our understanding of the influence of bone morphometric properties on the regulation of tumor-induced bone disease (TIBD), we utilized bone-like 3D scaffolds in vitro and in vivo. Scaffolds were seeded with tumor cells, and changes in cell motility, proliferation, and gene expression were measured. Genes associated with TIBD significantly increased with increasing scaffold rigidity. Drug response differed when tumors were cultured in 3D compared to 2D. Inhibitors for Integrin β3 and TGF-β Receptor II significantly reduced bone-metastatic gene expression in 2D but not 3D, while treatment with the Gli antagonist GANT58 significantly reduced gene expression in both 2D and 3D. When tumor-seeded 3D scaffolds were implanted into mice, infiltration of myeloid progenitors changed in response to pore size and rigidity. This study demonstrates a versatile 3D model of bone used to study the influence of mechanical and morphometric properties of bone on TIBD.
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Estrada H, Rebling J, Hofmann U, Razansky D. Discerning calvarian microvascular networks by combined optoacoustic ultrasound microscopy. PHOTOACOUSTICS 2020; 19:100178. [PMID: 32215252 PMCID: PMC7090363 DOI: 10.1016/j.pacs.2020.100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bone microvasculature plays a paramount role in bone marrow maintenance, development, and hematopoiesis. Studies of calvarian vascular patterns within living mammalian skull with the available intravital microscopy techniques are limited to small scale observations. We developed an optical-resolution optoacoustic microscopy method combined with ultrasound biomicroscopy in order to reveal and discern the intricate networks of calvarian and cerebral vasculature over large fields of view covering majority of the murine calvaria. The vasculature segmentation method is based on an angle-corrected homogeneous model of the rodent skull, generated using simultaneously acquired three-dimensional pulse-echo ultrasound images. The hybrid microscopy design along with the appropriate skull segmentation method enable high throughput studies of a living bone while facilitating correct anatomical interpretation of the vasculature images acquired with optical resolution optoacoustic microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Estrada
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Johannes Rebling
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Urs Hofmann
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Razansky
- Faculty of Medicine and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ETH Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Center Munich and Technical University of Munich, Germany
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Horton PD, Dumbali S, Wenzel PL. Mechanoregulation in hematopoiesis and hematologic disorders. CURRENT STEM CELL REPORTS 2020; 6:86-95. [PMID: 33094091 PMCID: PMC7577202 DOI: 10.1007/s40778-020-00172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are reliant on intrinsic and extrinsic factors for tight control of self-renewal, quiescence, differentiation, and homing. Given the intimate relationship between HSCs and their niche, increasing numbers of studies are examining how biophysical cues in the hematopoietic microenvironment impact HSC functions. RECENT FINDINGS Numerous mechanosensors are present on hematopoietic cells, including integrins, mechanosensitive ion channels, and primary cilia. Integrin-ligand adhesion, in particular, has been found to be critical for homing and anchoring of HSCs and progenitors in the bone marrow. Integrin-mediated interactions with ligands present on extracellular matrix and endothelial cells are key to establishing long-term engraftment and quiescence of HSCs. Importantly, disruption in the architecture and cellular composition of the bone marrow associated with conditioning regimens and primary myelofibrosis exposes HSCs to a profoundly distinct mechanical environment, with potential implications for progression of hematologic dysfunction and pathologies. SUMMARY Study of the mechanobiological signals that govern hematopoiesis represents an important future step toward understanding HSC biology in homeostasis, aging, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina D. Horton
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Sandeep Dumbali
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pamela L. Wenzel
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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Bächer C, Bender M, Gekle S. Flow-accelerated platelet biogenesis is due to an elasto-hydrodynamic instability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:18969-18976. [PMID: 32719144 PMCID: PMC7431004 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002985117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood platelets are formed by fragmentation of long membrane extensions from bone marrow megakaryocytes in the blood flow. Using lattice-Boltzmann/immersed boundary simulations we propose a biological Rayleigh-Plateau instability as the biophysical mechanism behind this fragmentation process. This instability is akin to the surface tension-induced breakup of a liquid jet but is driven by active cortical processes including actomyosin contractility and microtubule sliding. Our fully three-dimensional simulations highlight the crucial role of actomyosin contractility, which is required to trigger the instability, and illustrate how the wavelength of the instability determines the size of the final platelets. The elasto-hydrodynamic origin of the fragmentation explains the strong acceleration of platelet biogenesis in the presence of an external flow, which we observe in agreement with experiments. Our simulations then allow us to disentangle the influence of specific flow conditions: While a homogeneous flow with uniform velocity leads to the strongest acceleration, a shear flow with a linear velocity gradient can cause fusion events of two developing platelet-sized swellings during fragmentation. A fusion event may lead to the release of larger structures which are observable as preplatelets in experiments. Together, our findings strongly indicate a mainly physical origin of fragmentation and regulation of platelet size in flow-accelerated platelet biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Bächer
- Biofluid Simulation and Modeling, Theoretische Physik VI, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany;
| | - Markus Bender
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine I, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stephan Gekle
- Biofluid Simulation and Modeling, Theoretische Physik VI, University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany;
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Abstract
The skeleton is highly vascularized due to the various roles blood vessels play in the homeostasis of bone and marrow. For example, blood vessels provide nutrients, remove metabolic by-products, deliver systemic hormones, and circulate precursor cells to bone and marrow. In addition to these roles, bone blood vessels participate in a variety of other functions. This article provides an overview of the afferent, exchange and efferent vessels in bone and marrow and presents the morphological layout of these blood vessels regarding blood flow dynamics. In addition, this article discusses how bone blood vessels participate in bone development, maintenance, and repair. Further, mechanical loading-induced bone adaptation is presented regarding interstitial fluid flow and pressure, as regulated by the vascular system. The role of the sympathetic nervous system is discussed in relation to blood vessels and bone. Finally, vascular participation in bone accrual with intermittent parathyroid hormone administration, a medication prescribed to combat age-related bone loss, is described and age- and disease-related impairments in blood vessels are discussed in relation to bone and marrow dysfunction. © 2020 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 10:1009-1046, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhonda D Prisby
- Bone Vascular and Microcirculation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas, USA
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50
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Stegner D, Heinze KG. Intravital imaging of megakaryocytes. Platelets 2020; 31:599-609. [PMID: 32153253 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1738366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of platelet formation could only be investigated since the development of two-photon microscopy in combination with suitable fluorescent labeling strategies. In this review paper, we give an overview of recent advances in fluorescence imaging of the bone marrow that have contributed to our understanding of platelet biogenesis during the last decade. We make a brief survey through the perspectives and limitations of today's intravital imaging, but also discuss complementary methods that may help to piece together the puzzle of megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg , Würzburg, Germany
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