1
|
Degorre C, Lohard S, Bobrek CN, Rawal KN, Kuhn S, Tofilon PJ. Targeting PRMT5 enhances the radiosensitivity of tumor cells grown in vitro and in vivo. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17316. [PMID: 39068290 PMCID: PMC11283541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-68405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
PRMT5 is a widely expressed arginine methyltransferase that regulates processes involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. In the study described here, we investigated whether PRMT5 provides a target for tumor radiosensitization. Knockdown of PRMT5 using siRNA enhanced the radiosensitivity of a panel of cell lines corresponding to tumor types typically treated with radiotherapy. To extend these studies to an experimental therapeutic setting, the PRMT5 inhibitor LLY-283 was used. Exposure of the tumor cell lines to LLY-283 decreased PRMT5 activity and enhanced their radiosensitivity. This increase in radiosensitivity was accompanied by an inhibition of DNA double-strand break repair as determined by γH2AX foci and neutral comet analyses. For a normal fibroblast cell line, although LLY-283 reduced PRMT5 activity, it had no effect on their radiosensitivity. Transcriptome analysis of U251 cells showed that LLY-283 treatment reduced the expression of genes and altered the mRNA splicing pattern of genes involved in the DNA damage response. Subcutaneous xenografts were then used to evaluate the in vivo response to LLY-283 and radiation. Treatment of mice with LLY-283 decreased tumor PRMT5 activity and significantly enhanced the radiation-induced growth delay. These results suggest that PRMT5 is a tumor selective target for radiosensitization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Degorre
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive-MSC 1002, Building 10, B3B69B, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Steven Lohard
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive-MSC 1002, Building 10, B3B69B, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Christina N Bobrek
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive-MSC 1002, Building 10, B3B69B, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Komal N Rawal
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive-MSC 1002, Building 10, B3B69B, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Skyler Kuhn
- Integrated Data Sciences Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Philip J Tofilon
- Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, 10 Center Drive-MSC 1002, Building 10, B3B69B, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ren XG, Li W, Li WX, Yu WQ. Mechanism of Histone Arginine Methylation Dynamic Change in Cellular Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7562. [PMID: 39062806 PMCID: PMC11277302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Histone arginine residue methylation is crucial for individual development and gene regulation. However, the dynamics of histone arginine methylation in response to cellular stress remains largely unexplored. In addition, the interplay and regulatory mechanisms between this and other histone modifications are important scientific questions that require further investigation. This study aimed to investigate the changes in histone arginine methylation in response to DNA damage. We report a global decrease in histone H3R26 symmetric dimethylation (H3R26me2s) and hypoacetylation at the H3K27 site in response to DNA damage. Notably, H3R26me2s exhibits a distribution pattern similar to that of H3K27ac across the genome, both of which are antagonistic to H3K27me3. Additionally, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) may be recruited to the H3R26me2s demethylation region to mediate H3K27 deacetylation. These findings suggest crosstalk between H3R26me2s and H3K27ac in regulating gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Wen-Qiang Yu
- Department of RNA Epigenetics, Faculty of Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Campus of Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (X.-G.R.); (W.L.); (W.-X.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hoang PM, Torre D, Jaynes P, Ho J, Mohammed K, Alvstad E, Lam WY, Khanchandani V, Lee JM, Toh CMC, Lee RX, Anbuselvan A, Lee S, Sebra RP, Martin J Walsh, Marazzi I, Kappei D, Guccione E, Jeyasekharan AD. A PRMT5-ZNF326 axis mediates innate immune activation upon replication stress. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm9589. [PMID: 38838142 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm9589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
DNA replication stress (RS) is a widespread phenomenon in carcinogenesis, causing genomic instability and extensive chromatin alterations. DNA damage leads to activation of innate immune signaling, but little is known about transcriptional regulators mediating such signaling upon RS. Using a chemical screen, we identified protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) as a key mediator of RS-dependent induction of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). This response is also associated with reactivation of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). Using quantitative mass spectrometry, we identify proteins with PRMT5-dependent symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) modification induced upon RS. Among these, we show that PRMT5 targets and modulates the activity of ZNF326, a zinc finger protein essential for ISG response. Our data demonstrate a role for PRMT5-mediated SDMA in the context of RS-induced transcriptional induction, affecting physiological homeostasis and cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Mai Hoang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Denis Torre
- Center for OncoGenomics and Innovative Therapeutics (COGIT), Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetic and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Patrick Jaynes
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jessica Ho
- Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin Mohammed
- Center for OncoGenomics and Innovative Therapeutics (COGIT), Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetic and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Erik Alvstad
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Wan Yee Lam
- Department of Genetic and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Vartika Khanchandani
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jie Min Lee
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chin Min Clarissa Toh
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rui Xue Lee
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Akshaya Anbuselvan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Robert P Sebra
- Department of Genetic and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Martin J Walsh
- Department of Genetic and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Ivan Marazzi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Dennis Kappei
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ernesto Guccione
- Center for OncoGenomics and Innovative Therapeutics (COGIT), Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Genetic and Genomics Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Anand D Jeyasekharan
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Haematology-Oncology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Y, Xu M, Yuan J, Hu Z, Jiang J, Huang J, Wang B, Shen J, Long M, Fan Y, Montone KT, Tanyi JL, Tavana O, Chan HM, Hu X, Zhang L. Repression of PRMT activities sensitize homologous recombination-proficient ovarian and breast cancer cells to PARP inhibitor treatment. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.21.595159. [PMID: 38826355 PMCID: PMC11142138 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.21.595159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
An "induced PARP inhibitor (PARPi) sensitivity by epigenetic modulation" strategy is being evaluated in the clinic to sensitize homologous recombination (HR)-proficient tumors to PARPi treatments. To expand its clinical applications and identify more efficient combinations, we performed a drug screen by combining PARPi with 74 well-characterized epigenetic modulators that target five major classes of epigenetic enzymes. Both type I PRMT inhibitor and PRMT5 inhibitor exhibit high combination and clinical priority scores in our screen. PRMT inhibition significantly enhances PARPi treatment-induced DNA damage in HR-proficient ovarian and breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, PRMTs maintain the expression of genes associated with DNA damage repair and BRCAness and regulate intrinsic innate immune pathways in cancer cells. Analyzing large-scale genomic and functional profiles from TCGA and DepMap further confirms that PRMT1, PRMT4, and PRMT5 are potential therapeutic targets in oncology. Finally, PRMT1 and PRMT5 inhibition act synergistically to enhance PARPi sensitivity. Our studies provide a strong rationale for the clinical application of a combination of PRMT and PARP inhibitors in patients with HR-proficient ovarian or breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youyou Zhang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Mu Xu
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Jiao Yuan
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Zhongyi Hu
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Junjie Jiang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Jie Huang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Bingwei Wang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Jianfeng Shen
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Meixiao Long
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, 43210, USA
| | - Yi Fan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Kathleen T Montone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Janos L Tanyi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
- Center for Gynecologic Cancer Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Omid Tavana
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts, 02451, USA
| | - Ho Man Chan
- Bioscience, Research and Early Development, Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Waltham, Massachusetts, 02451, USA
| | - Xiaowen Hu
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Center for Research on Reproduction & Women's Health, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
- Center for Gynecologic Cancer Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bhandari K, Ding WQ. Protein Arginine Methyltransferases in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: New Molecular Targets for Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3958. [PMID: 38612768 PMCID: PMC11011826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal malignant disease with a low 5-year overall survival rate. It is the third-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. The lack of robust therapeutics, absence of effective biomarkers for early detection, and aggressive nature of the tumor contribute to the high mortality rate of PDAC. Notably, the outcomes of recent immunotherapy and targeted therapy against PDAC remain unsatisfactory, indicating the need for novel therapeutic strategies. One of the newly described molecular features of PDAC is the altered expression of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). PRMTs are a group of enzymes known to methylate arginine residues in both histone and non-histone proteins, thereby mediating cellular homeostasis in biological systems. Some of the PRMT enzymes are known to be overexpressed in PDAC that promotes tumor progression and chemo-resistance via regulating gene transcription, cellular metabolic processes, RNA metabolism, and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Small-molecule inhibitors of PRMTs are currently under clinical trials and can potentially become a new generation of anti-cancer drugs. This review aims to provide an overview of the current understanding of PRMTs in PDAC, focusing on their pathological roles and their potential as new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei-Qun Ding
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, BMSB401A, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Katanasaka Y, Yabe H, Murata N, Sobukawa M, Sugiyama Y, Sato H, Honda H, Sunagawa Y, Funamoto M, Shimizu S, Shimizu K, Hamabe-Horiike T, Hawke P, Komiyama M, Mori K, Hasegawa K, Morimoto T. Fibroblast-specific PRMT5 deficiency suppresses cardiac fibrosis and left ventricular dysfunction in male mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2472. [PMID: 38503742 PMCID: PMC10951424 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is a well-known epigenetic regulatory enzyme. However, the role of PRMT5-mediated arginine methylation in gene transcription related to cardiac fibrosis is unknown. Here we show that fibroblast-specific deletion of PRMT5 significantly reduces pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis and improves cardiac dysfunction in male mice. Both the PRMT5-selective inhibitor EPZ015666 and knockdown of PRMT5 suppress α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in cultured cardiac fibroblasts. TGF-β stimulation promotes the recruitment of the PRMT5/Smad3 complex to the promoter site of α-SMA. It also increases PRMT5-mediated H3R2 symmetric dimethylation, and this increase is inhibited by Smad3 knockdown. TGF-β stimulation increases H3K4 tri-methylation mediated by the WDR5/MLL1 methyltransferase complex, which recognizes H3R2 dimethylation. Finally, treatment with EPZ015666 significantly improves pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. These findings suggest that PRMT5 regulates TGF-β/Smad3-dependent fibrotic gene transcription, possibly through histone methylation crosstalk, and plays a critical role in cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasufumi Katanasaka
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
- Division of Translational Research, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan.
- Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
| | - Harumi Yabe
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Murata
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Minori Sobukawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuga Sugiyama
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hikaru Sato
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Honda
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sunagawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
- Division of Translational Research, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
- Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masafumi Funamoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kana Shimizu
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Toshihide Hamabe-Horiike
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
- Division of Translational Research, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
- Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Philip Hawke
- Laboratory of Scientific English, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Maki Komiyama
- Division of Translational Research, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Mori
- Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
- Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka, Japan
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
- Division of Translational Research, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morimoto
- Division of Molecular Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.
- Division of Translational Research, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan.
- Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang YJ, Cao JB, Yang J, Liu T, Yu HL, He ZX, Bao SL, He XX, Zhu XJ. PRMT5-mediated homologous recombination repair is essential to maintain genomic integrity of neural progenitor cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:123. [PMID: 38459149 PMCID: PMC10923982 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining genomic stability is a prerequisite for proliferating NPCs to ensure genetic fidelity. Though histone arginine methylation has been shown to play important roles in safeguarding genomic stability, the underlying mechanism during brain development is not fully understood. Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is a type II protein arginine methyltransferase that plays a role in transcriptional regulation. Here, we identify PRMT5 as a key regulator of DNA repair in response to double-strand breaks (DSBs) during NPC proliferation. Prmt5F/F; Emx1-Cre (cKO-Emx1) mice show a distinctive microcephaly phenotype, with partial loss of the dorsal medial cerebral cortex and complete loss of the corpus callosum and hippocampus. This phenotype is resulted from DSBs accumulation in the medial dorsal cortex followed by cell apoptosis. Both RNA sequencing and in vitro DNA repair analyses reveal that PRMT5 is required for DNA homologous recombination (HR) repair. PRMT5 specifically catalyzes H3R2me2s in proliferating NPCs in the developing mouse brain to enhance HR-related gene expression during DNA repair. Finally, overexpression of BRCA1 significantly rescues DSBs accumulation and cell apoptosis in PRMT5-deficient NSCs. Taken together, our results show that PRMT5 maintains genomic stability by regulating histone arginine methylation in proliferating NPCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jian-Bo Cao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Hua-Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Zi-Xuan He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Shi-Lai Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang B, Guan Y, Zeng D, Wang R. Arginine methylation and respiratory disease. Transl Res 2024; 272:140-150. [PMID: 38453053 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Arginine methylation, a vital post-translational modification, plays a pivotal role in numerous cellular functions such as signal transduction, DNA damage response and repair, regulation of gene transcription, mRNA splicing, and protein interactions. Central to this modification is the role of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs), which have been increasingly recognized for their involvement in the pathogenesis of various respiratory diseases. This review begins with an exploration of the biochemical underpinnings of arginine methylation, shedding light on the intricate molecular regulatory mechanisms governed by PRMTs. It then delves into the impact of arginine methylation and the dysregulation of arginine methyltransferases in diverse pulmonary disorders. Concluding with a focus on the therapeutic potential and recent advancements in PRMT inhibitors, this article aims to offer novel perspectives and therapeutic avenues for the management and treatment of respiratory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Youhong Guan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hefei Second People's Hospital, Hefei 230001, Anhui Province, PR China
| | - Daxiong Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Ran Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gao Y, Feng C, Ma J, Yan Q. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs): Orchestrators of cancer pathogenesis, immunotherapy dynamics, and drug resistance. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116048. [PMID: 38346542 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Protein Arginine Methyltransferases (PRMTs) are a family of enzymes regulating protein arginine methylation, which is a post-translational modification crucial for various cellular processes. Recent studies have highlighted the mechanistic role of PRMTs in cancer pathogenesis, immunotherapy, and drug resistance. PRMTs are involved in diverse oncogenic processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. They exert their effects by methylation of histones, transcription factors, and other regulatory proteins, resulting in altered gene expression patterns. PRMT-mediated histone methylation can lead to aberrant chromatin remodeling and epigenetic changes that drive oncogenesis. Additionally, PRMTs can directly interact with key signaling pathways involved in cancer progression, such as the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways, thereby modulating cell survival and proliferation. In the context of cancer immunotherapy, PRMTs have emerged as critical regulators of immune responses. They modulate immune checkpoint molecules, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), through arginine methylation. Drug resistance is a significant challenge in cancer treatment, and PRMTs have been implicated in this phenomenon. PRMTs can contribute to drug resistance through multiple mechanisms, including the epigenetic regulation of drug efflux pumps, altered DNA damage repair, and modulation of cell survival pathways. In conclusion, PRMTs play critical roles in cancer pathogenesis, immunotherapy, and drug resistance. In this overview, we have endeavored to illuminate the mechanistic intricacies of PRMT-mediated processes. Shedding light on these aspects will offer valuable insights into the fundamental biology of cancer and establish PRMTs as promising therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Gao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Chongchong Feng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China.
| | - Jingru Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Qingzhu Yan
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ding B, Lou J, Qin T, Xie W, Li D, Li P, Wang X, Lin Z, Guo X, Zhu J. L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate alleviates white matter injury caused by chronic hypoxia through the PRMT5/P53/NF-κB pathway. J Neurochem 2024; 168:142-160. [PMID: 38169121 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
White matter injury (WMI) is one of the most serious complications associated with preterm births. Damage to oligodendrocytes, which are the key cells involved in WMI pathogenesis, can directly lead to myelin abnormalities. L-ascorbyl-2-phosphate (AS-2P) is a stable form of vitamin C. This study aimed to explore the protective effects of AS-2P against chronic hypoxia-induced WMI, and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. An in vivo chronic hypoxia model and in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model were established to explore the effects of AS-2P on WMI using immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, western blotting, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Morris water maze test, novel object recognition test, beaming-walking test, electron microscopy, and flow cytometry. The results showed that AS-2P resulted in the increased expression of MBP, Olig2, PDGFRα and CC1, improved thickness and density of the myelin sheath, and reduced TNF-α expression and microglial cell infiltration to alleviate inflammation in the brain after chronic hypoxia. Moreover, AS-2P improved the memory, learning and motor abilities of the mice with WMI. These protective effects of AS-2P may involve the upregulation of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and downregulation of P53 and NF-κB. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that AS-2P attenuated chronic hypoxia-induced WMI in vivo and OGD-induced oligodendrocyte injury in vitro possibly by regulating the PRMT5/P53/NF-κB pathway, suggesting that AS-2P may be a potential therapeutic option for WMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingqing Ding
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia Lou
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tianqi Qin
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Di Li
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peijun Li
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Disease, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xingyun Wang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenlang Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Disease, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Basic Medical Research Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Children Genitourinary Diseases of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianghu Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, the Second School of Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Perinatal Medicine of Wenzhou, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Pediatric Disease, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bedard GT, Gilaj N, Peregrina K, Brew I, Tosti E, Shaffer K, Tyler PC, Edelmann W, Augenlicht LH, Schramm VL. Combined inhibition of MTAP and MAT2a mimics synthetic lethality in tumor models via PRMT5 inhibition. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105492. [PMID: 38000655 PMCID: PMC10770533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Homozygous 5'-methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP) deletions occur in approximately 15% of human cancers. Co-deletion of MTAP and methionine adenosyltransferase 2 alpha (MAT2a) induces a synthetic lethal phenotype involving protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibition. MAT2a inhibitors are now in clinical trials for genotypic MTAP-/- cancers, however the MTAP-/- genotype represents fewer than 2% of human colorectal cancers (CRCs), limiting the utility of MAT2a inhibitors in these and other MTAP+/+ cancers. Methylthio-DADMe-immucillin-A (MTDIA) is a picomolar transition state analog inhibitor of MTAP that renders cells enzymatically MTAP-deficient to induce the MTAP-/- phenotype. Here, we demonstrate that MTDIA and MAT2a inhibitor AG-270 combination therapy mimics synthetic lethality in MTAP+/+ CRC cell lines with similar effects in mouse xenografts and without adverse histology on normal tissues. Combination treatment is synergistic with a 104-fold increase in drug potency for inhibition of CRC cell growth in culture. Combined MTDIA and AG-270 decreases S-adenosyl-L-methionine and increases 5'-methylthioadenosine in cells. The increased intracellular methylthioadenosine:S-adenosyl-L-methionine ratio inhibits PRMT5 activity, leading to cellular arrest and apoptotic cell death by causing MDM4 alternative splicing and p53 activation. Combination MTDIA and AG-270 treatment differs from direct inhibition of PRMT5 by GSK3326595 by avoiding toxicity caused by cell death in the normal gut epithelium induced by the PRMT5 inhibitor. The combination of MTAP and MAT2a inhibitors expands this synthetic lethal approach to include MTAP+/+ cancers, especially the remaining 98% of CRCs without the MTAP-/- genotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel T Bedard
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Nord Gilaj
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Chemistry, Lehman College, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Karina Peregrina
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Isabella Brew
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Elena Tosti
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Karl Shaffer
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Peter C Tyler
- Ferrier Research Institute, Victoria University of Wellington, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
| | - Winfried Edelmann
- Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Leonard H Augenlicht
- Department of Oncology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Vern L Schramm
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhu Y, Xia T, Chen DQ, Xiong X, Shi L, Zuo Y, Xiao H, Liu L. Promising role of protein arginine methyltransferases in overcoming anti-cancer drug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2024; 72:101016. [PMID: 37980859 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2023.101016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance remains a major challenge in cancer treatment, necessitating the development of novel strategies to overcome it. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are enzymes responsible for epigenetic arginine methylation, which regulates various biological and pathological processes, as a result, they are attractive therapeutic targets for overcoming anti-cancer drug resistance. The ongoing development of small molecules targeting PRMTs has resulted in the generation of chemical probes for modulating most PRMTs and facilitated clinical treatment for the most advanced oncology targets, including PRMT1 and PRMT5. In this review, we summarize various mechanisms underlying protein arginine methylation and the roles of specific PRMTs in driving cancer drug resistance. Furthermore, we highlight the potential clinical implications of PRMT inhibitors in decreasing cancer drug resistance. PRMTs promote the formation and maintenance of drug-tolerant cells via several mechanisms, including altered drug efflux transporters, autophagy, DNA damage repair, cancer stem cell-related function, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and disordered tumor microenvironment. Multiple preclinical and ongoing clinical trials have demonstrated that PRMT inhibitors, particularly PRMT5 inhibitors, can sensitize cancer cells to various anti-cancer drugs, including chemotherapeutic, targeted therapeutic, and immunotherapeutic agents. Combining PRMT inhibitors with existing anti-cancer strategies will be a promising approach for overcoming anti-cancer drug resistance. Furthermore, enhanced knowledge of the complex functions of arginine methylation and PRMTs in drug resistance will guide the future development of PRMT inhibitors and may help identify new clinical indications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tong Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Da-Qian Chen
- Department of Medicine Oncology, Shenzhen Longhua District Central Hospital, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Xia Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Lihong Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yueqi Zuo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Institute of Basic Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Hongtao Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li Y, Dobrolecki LE, Sallas C, Zhang X, Kerr TD, Bisht D, Wang Y, Awasthi S, Kaundal B, Wu S, Peng W, Mendillo ML, Lu Y, Jeter CR, Peng G, Liu J, Westin SN, Sood AK, Lewis MT, Das J, Yi SS, Bedford MT, McGrail DJ, Sahni N. PRMT blockade induces defective DNA replication stress response and synergizes with PARP inhibition. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101326. [PMID: 38118413 PMCID: PMC10772459 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Multiple cancers exhibit aberrant protein arginine methylation by both type I arginine methyltransferases, predominately protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) and to a lesser extent PRMT4, and by type II PRMTs, predominately PRMT5. Here, we perform targeted proteomics following inhibition of PRMT1, PRMT4, and PRMT5 across 12 cancer cell lines. We find that inhibition of type I and II PRMTs suppresses phosphorylated and total ATR in cancer cells. Loss of ATR from PRMT inhibition results in defective DNA replication stress response activation, including from PARP inhibitors. Inhibition of type I and II PRMTs is synergistic with PARP inhibition regardless of homologous recombination function, but type I PRMT inhibition is more toxic to non-malignant cells. Finally, we demonstrate that the combination of PARP and PRMT5 inhibition improves survival in both BRCA-mutant and wild-type patient-derived xenografts without toxicity. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PRMT5 inhibition may be a well-tolerated approach to sensitize tumors to PARP inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lacey E Dobrolecki
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christina Sallas
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Travis D Kerr
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Deepa Bisht
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yalong Wang
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sharad Awasthi
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Babita Kaundal
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Siqi Wu
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Weiyi Peng
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marc L Mendillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yiling Lu
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Collene R Jeter
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Guang Peng
- Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jinsong Liu
- Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shannon N Westin
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael T Lewis
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jishnu Das
- Center for Systems Immunology, Department of Immunology, and Department of Computational and Systems Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - S Stephen Yi
- Livestrong Cancer Institutes, Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Interdisciplinary Life Sciences Graduate Programs (ILSGP), College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences (ICES), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Mark T Bedford
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Daniel J McGrail
- Center for Immunotherapy and Precision Immuno-Oncology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Nidhi Sahni
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Quantitative and Computational Biosciences Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Munteanu R, Tomuleasa C, Iuga CA, Gulei D, Ciuleanu TE. Exploring Therapeutic Avenues in Lung Cancer: The Epigenetic Perspective. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5394. [PMID: 38001653 PMCID: PMC10670535 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer, primarily non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), is distinguished by its high prevalence and marked mortality rates. Traditional therapeutic approaches, encompassing chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies, frequently show limited efficacy due to acquired resistance and notable side effects. The objective of this review is to introduce a fresh perspective on the therapeutic strategies for lung cancer, emphasizing interventions targeting the epigenetic alterations often seen in this malignancy. This review presents the most recent advancements in the field, focusing on both past and current clinical trials related to the modulation of methylation patterns using diverse molecular agents. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of the challenges and advantages of these methylation-modifying drugs will be provided, assessing their efficacy as individual treatments and their potential for synergy when integrated with prevailing therapeutic regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Munteanu
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (C.T.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov 3, 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (C.T.)
- Department of Hematology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, 400124 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina-Adela Iuga
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Research Center for Advanced Medicine–MEDFUTURE, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Gulei
- Medfuture Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.M.); (C.T.)
| | - Tudor Eliade Ciuleanu
- Department of Oncology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Oncology, Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta Oncology Institute, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Carter J, Hulse M, Sivakumar M, Burtell J, Thodima V, Wang M, Agarwal A, Vykuntam K, Spruance J, Bhagwat N, Rager J, Ruggeri B, Scherle P, Ito K. PRMT5 Inhibitors Regulate DNA Damage Repair Pathways in Cancer Cells and Improve Response to PARP Inhibition and Chemotherapies. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:2233-2243. [PMID: 37861290 PMCID: PMC10627093 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Expression of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is highly positively correlated to DNA damage repair (DDR) and DNA replication pathway genes in many types of cancer cells, including ovarian and breast cancer. In the current study, we investigated whether pharmacologic inhibition of PRMT5 downregulates DDR/DNA replication pathway genes and sensitizes cancer cells to chemotherapy and PARP inhibition. Potent and selective PRMT5 inhibitors significantly downregulate expression of multiple DDR and DNA replication genes in cancer cells. Mechanistically, PRMT5 inhibition reduces the presence of PRMT5 and H4R3me2s on promoter regions of DDR genes such as BRCA1/2, RAD51, and ATM. PRMT5 inhibition also promotes global alternative splicing changes. Our data suggest that PRMT5 inhibition regulates expression of FANCA, PNKP, and ATM by promoting exon skipping and intron retention. Combining C220 or PRT543 with olaparib or chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin demonstrates a potent synergistic interaction in breast and ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Moreover, combination of PRT543 with olaparib effectively inhibits the growth of patient-derived breast and ovarian cancer xenografts. Furthermore, PRT543 treatment significantly inhibits growth of olaparib-resistant tumors in vivo. These studies reveal a novel mechanism of PRMT5 inhibition and suggest beneficial combinatorial effects with other therapies, particularly in patients with tumors that are resistant to therapies dependent on DNA damage as their mechanism of action. SIGNIFICANCE Patients with advanced cancers frequently develop resistance to chemotherapy or PARP inhibitors mainly due to circumvention and/or restoration of the inactivated DDR pathway genes. We demonstrate that inhibition of PRMT5 significantly downregulates a broad range of the DDR and DNA replication pathway genes. PRMT5 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy or PARP inhibitors demonstrate synergistic suppression of cancer cell proliferation and growth in breast and ovarian tumor models, including PARP inhibitor-resistant tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jack Carter
- Prelude Therapeutics Incorporated, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Michael Hulse
- Prelude Therapeutics Incorporated, Wilmington, Delaware
| | | | | | | | - Min Wang
- Prelude Therapeutics Incorporated, Wilmington, Delaware
| | | | | | | | - Neha Bhagwat
- Prelude Therapeutics Incorporated, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Joseph Rager
- Prelude Therapeutics Incorporated, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Bruce Ruggeri
- Prelude Therapeutics Incorporated, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Peggy Scherle
- Prelude Therapeutics Incorporated, Wilmington, Delaware
| | - Koichi Ito
- Prelude Therapeutics Incorporated, Wilmington, Delaware
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Engstrom LD, Aranda R, Waters L, Moya K, Bowcut V, Vegar L, Trinh D, Hebbert A, Smith CR, Kulyk S, Lawson JD, He L, Hover LD, Fernandez-Banet J, Hallin J, Vanderpool D, Briere DM, Blaj A, Marx MA, Rodon J, Offin M, Arbour KC, Johnson ML, Kwiatkowski DJ, Jänne PA, Haddox CL, Papadopoulos KP, Henry JT, Leventakos K, Christensen JG, Shazer R, Olson P. MRTX1719 Is an MTA-Cooperative PRMT5 Inhibitor That Exhibits Synthetic Lethality in Preclinical Models and Patients with MTAP-Deleted Cancer. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:2412-2431. [PMID: 37552839 PMCID: PMC10618744 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies implicated protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) as a synthetic lethal target for MTAP-deleted (MTAP del) cancers; however, the pharmacologic characterization of small-molecule inhibitors that recapitulate the synthetic lethal phenotype has not been described. MRTX1719 selectively inhibited PRMT5 in the presence of MTA, which is elevated in MTAP del cancers, and inhibited PRMT5-dependent activity and cell viability with >70-fold selecti-vity in HCT116 MTAP del compared with HCT116 MTAP wild-type (WT) cells. MRTX1719 demonstrated dose-dependent antitumor activity and inhibition of PRMT5-dependent SDMA modification in MTAP del tumors. In contrast, MRTX1719 demonstrated minimal effects on SDMA and viability in MTAP WT tumor xenografts or hematopoietic cells. MRTX1719 demonstrated marked antitumor activity across a panel of xenograft models at well-tolerated doses. Early signs of clinical activity were observed including objective responses in patients with MTAP del melanoma, gallbladder adenocarcinoma, mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors from the phase I/II study. SIGNIFICANCE PRMT5 was identified as a synthetic lethal target for MTAP del cancers; however, previous PRMT5 inhibitors do not selectively target this genotype. The differentiated binding mode of MRTX1719 leverages the elevated MTA in MTAP del cancers and represents a promising therapy for the ∼10% of patients with cancer with this biomarker. See related commentary by Mulvaney, p. 2310. This article is featured in Selected Articles from This Issue, p. 2293.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth Aranda
- Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California
| | - Laura Waters
- Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California
| | - Krystal Moya
- Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California
| | | | - Laura Vegar
- Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California
| | - David Trinh
- Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California
| | | | | | | | | | - Leo He
- Monoceros Biosciences LLC, San Diego, California
| | | | | | - Jill Hallin
- Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California
| | | | | | - Alice Blaj
- Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California
| | | | - Jordi Rodon
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Michael Offin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kathryn C. Arbour
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Melissa L. Johnson
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - David J. Kwiatkowski
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Pasi A. Jänne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Candace L. Haddox
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jason T. Henry
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute at HealthOne, Denver, Colorado
| | | | | | | | - Peter Olson
- Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bai Y, Zhao H, Liu H, Wang W, Dong H, Zhao C. RNA methylation, homologous recombination repair and therapeutic resistance. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115409. [PMID: 37659205 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) is critical for maintaining genomic integrity and stability. Defects in HR increase the risk of tumorigenesis. However, many human tumors exhibit enhanced HR repair capabilities, consequently endowing tumor cells with resistance to DNA-damaging chemotherapy and radiotherapy. This review summarizes the role of RNA methylation in HR repair and therapeutic resistance in human tumors. We also analyzed the interactions between RNA methylation and other HR-modulating modifications including histone acetylation, histone deacetylation, ubiquitination, deubiquitination, protein arginine methylation, and gene transcription. This review proposes that targeting RNA methylation is a promising approach to overcoming HR-mediated therapeutic resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Nephrology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hanlin Zhao
- Department of Ion Channel Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haijun Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Hongming Dong
- Department of Anatomy, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Chenghai Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhou B, Chen N, Chen Z, Chen S, Yang J, Zheng Y, Shen L. Prmt5 deficient mouse B cells display RNA processing complexity and slower colorectal tumor progression. Eur J Immunol 2023; 53:e2250226. [PMID: 37389889 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202250226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5) is essential for normal B-cell development; however, the roles of Prmt5 in tumor-infiltrating B cells in tumor therapy have not been well elucidated. Here, we revealed that CD19-cre-Prmt5fl/fl (Prmt5cko) mice showed smaller tumor weights and volumes in the colorectal cancer mouse model; B cells expressed higher levels of Ccl22 and Il12a, which attracted T cells to the tumor site. Furthermore, we used direct RNA sequencing to comprehensively profile RNA processes in Prmt5 deletion B cells to explore underline mechanisms. We found significantly differentially expressed isoforms, mRNA splicing, poly(A) tail lengths, and m6A modification changes between the Prmt5cko and control groups. Cd74 isoform expressions might be regulated by mRNA splicing; the expression of two novel Cd74 isoforms was decreased, while one isoform was elevated in the Prmt5cko group, but the Cd74 gene expression showed no changes. We observed Ccl22, Ighg1, and Il12a expression was significantly increased in the Prmt5cko group, whereas Jak3 and Stat5b expression was decreased. Ccl22 and Ighg1 expression might be associated with poly(A) tail length, Jak3, Stat5b, and Il12a expression might be modulated by m6A modification. Our study demonstrated that Prmt5 regulates B-cell function through different mechanisms and supported the development of Prmt5-targeted antitumor treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningdai Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheyi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingxia Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Experimental Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bray C, Balcells C, McNeish IA, Keun HC. The potential and challenges of targeting MTAP-negative cancers beyond synthetic lethality. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1264785. [PMID: 37795443 PMCID: PMC10546069 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1264785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 15% of cancers exhibit loss of the chromosomal locus 9p21.3 - the genomic location of the tumour suppressor gene CDKN2A and the methionine salvage gene methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (MTAP). A loss of MTAP increases the pool of its substrate methylthioadenosine (MTA), which binds to and inhibits activity of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5). PRMT5 utilises the universal methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to methylate arginine residues of protein substrates and regulate their activity, notably histones to regulate transcription. Recently, targeting PRMT5, or MAT2A that impacts PRMT5 activity by producing SAM, has shown promise as a therapeutic strategy in oncology, generating synthetic lethality in MTAP-negative cancers. However, clinical development of PRMT5 and MAT2A inhibitors has been challenging and highlights the need for further understanding of the downstream mediators of drug effects. Here, we discuss the rationale and methods for targeting the MAT2A/PRMT5 axis for cancer therapy. We evaluate the current limitations in our understanding of the mechanism of MAT2A/PRMT5 inhibitors and identify the challenges that must be addressed to maximise the potential of these drugs. In addition, we review the current literature defining downstream effectors of PRMT5 activity that could determine sensitivity to MAT2A/PRMT5 inhibition and therefore present a rationale for novel combination therapies that may not rely on synthetic lethality with MTAP loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandler Bray
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Balcells
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Iain A. McNeish
- Ovarian Cancer Action Research Centre, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hector C. Keun
- Cancer Metabolism & Systems Toxicology Group, Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vieito M, Moreno V, Spreafico A, Brana I, Wang JS, Preis M, Hernández T, Genta S, Hansen AR, Doger B, Galvao V, Lenox L, Brown RJ, Kalota A, Mehta J, Pastore F, Patel B, Mistry P, Gu J, Lauring J, Patel MR. Phase 1 Study of JNJ-64619178, a Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitor, in Advanced Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2023; 29:3592-3602. [PMID: 37491846 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this first-in-human, Phase 1, open-label, multicenter study, we evaluated JNJ-64619178, a selective and potent PRMT5 inhibitor, in patients with advanced malignant solid tumors or non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). The primary objective was to evaluate the safety and to identify a recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) of JNJ-64619178. PATIENTS AND METHODS Adult patients with treatment-refractory advanced solid tumors or NHL and measurable disease received escalating doses of JNJ-64619178 following two schedules (Schedule A: 14 days on/7 days off; Schedule B: every day on a 21-day cycle). Safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), and clinical activity were evaluated. RESULTS Ninety patients received JNJ-64619178. Thrombocytopenia was identified as the only dose-limiting toxicity. JNJ-64619178 showed dose-proportional PK and robust target engagement, as measured by plasma symmetric dimethylarginine, across all dose levels. The objective response rate was 5.6% (5 of 90). Patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) had an ORR of 11.5% (3 of 26) and a median progression-free survival of 19.1 months. CONCLUSIONS JNJ-64619178 demonstrated manageable dose-dependent toxicity and preliminary evidence of antitumor activity in ACC and other tumor types. Plasma exposure was dose dependent, and target inhibition was maintained with intermittent and continuous dosing. On the basis of safety, clinical activity, PK, and PD findings, two provisional RP2Ds were selected: 1.5 mg intermittently and 1.0 mg once daily. Aside from ACC, clinical benefit was limited, and biomarkers to enrich for responsiveness to PRMT5 inhibition will be needed for further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vieito
- Vall de Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno
- START MADRID-FJD, Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid Spain
| | - Anna Spreafico
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Irene Brana
- Vall de Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judy S Wang
- Florida Cancer Specialists/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Sarasota, Florida
| | | | | | - Sofia Genta
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aaron R Hansen
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bernard Doger
- START MADRID-FJD, Hospital Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid Spain
| | | | - Laurie Lenox
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Regina J Brown
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Anna Kalota
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Jaydeep Mehta
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Bharvin Patel
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Pankaj Mistry
- Janssen Research & Development, High Wycombe, United Kingdom
| | - Junchen Gu
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Josh Lauring
- Janssen Research & Development, Spring House, Pennsylvania
| | - Manish R Patel
- Florida Cancer Specialists/Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Sarasota, Florida
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Sloan SL, Brown F, Long M, Weigel C, Koirala S, Chung JH, Pray B, Villagomez L, Hinterschied C, Sircar A, Helmig-Mason J, Prouty A, Brooks E, Youssef Y, Hanel W, Parekh S, Chan WK, Chen Z, Lapalombella R, Sehgal L, Vaddi K, Scherle P, Chen-Kiang S, Di Liberto M, Elemento O, Meydan C, Foox J, Butler D, Mason CE, Baiocchi RA, Alinari L. PRMT5 supports multiple oncogenic pathways in mantle cell lymphoma. Blood 2023; 142:887-902. [PMID: 37267517 PMCID: PMC10517215 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022019419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable B-cell malignancy with an overall poor prognosis, particularly for patients that progress on targeted therapies. Novel, more durable treatment options are needed for patients with MCL. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is overexpressed in MCL and plays an important oncogenic role in this disease via epigenetic and posttranslational modification of cell cycle regulators, DNA repair genes, components of prosurvival pathways, and RNA splicing regulators. The mechanism of targeting PRMT5 in MCL remains incompletely characterized. Here, we report on the antitumor activity of PRMT5 inhibition in MCL using integrated transcriptomics of in vitro and in vivo models of MCL. Treatment with a selective small-molecule inhibitor of PRMT5, PRT-382, led to growth arrest and cell death and provided a therapeutic benefit in xenografts derived from patients with MCL. Transcriptional reprograming upon PRMT5 inhibition led to restored regulatory activity of the cell cycle (p-RB/E2F), apoptotic cell death (p53-dependent/p53-independent), and activation of negative regulators of B-cell receptor-PI3K/AKT signaling (PHLDA3, PTPROt, and PIK3IP1). We propose pharmacologic inhibition of PRMT5 for patients with relapsed/refractory MCL and identify MTAP/CDKN2A deletion and wild-type TP53 as biomarkers that predict a favorable response. Selective targeting of PRMT5 has significant activity in preclinical models of MCL and warrants further investigation in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L. Sloan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Fiona Brown
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Mackenzie Long
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Shirsha Koirala
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ji-Hyun Chung
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Betsy Pray
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Lynda Villagomez
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University and Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Claire Hinterschied
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Anuvrat Sircar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - JoBeth Helmig-Mason
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Alexander Prouty
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Eric Brooks
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Youssef Youssef
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Walter Hanel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Samir Parekh
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Wing Keung Chan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Rosa Lapalombella
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Lalit Sehgal
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | | | | | - Selina Chen-Kiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Maurizio Di Liberto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Cem Meydan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jonathan Foox
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Daniel Butler
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Christopher E. Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Robert A. Baiocchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Lapo Alinari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
O'Brien S, Butticello M, Thompson C, Wilson B, Wyce A, Mahajan V, Kruger R, Mohammad H, Fedoriw A. Inhibiting PRMT5 induces DNA damage and increases anti-proliferative activity of Niraparib, a PARP inhibitor, in models of breast and ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:775. [PMID: 37596538 PMCID: PMC10436459 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11260-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibitors of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerases (PARP) provide clinical benefit to patients with breast and ovarian cancers, by compromising the DNA repair activity of cancer cells. Although these agents extend progression-free survival in many patients, responses can be short lived with many patients ultimately progressing. Identification of combination partners that increase dependence of cancer cells to the DNA repair activity of PARPs may represent a strategy to increase the utility of PARP inhibitors. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) regulates DNA damage response pathways through splicing and protein modification, and inhibitors of PRMT5 have recently entered clinical trials. METHODS The effect of PRMT5 inhibition on the levels of DNA damage and repair markers including γH2AX, RAD51, and 53BP1 was determined using high content immunofluorescent imaging. The anti-proliferative activity of the combination of PRMT5 and PARP inhibitors was evaluated using in vitro models of breast and ovarian cancers using both cell lines and ex vivo patient derived xenografts. Finally, the combinations of PRMT5 and PARP inhibitors were evaluated in cell line xenograft models in vivo. RESULTS Inhibition of PRMT5 by GSK3326595 led to increased levels of markers of DNA damage. The addition of GSK3326595 to the PARP inhibitor, niraparib, resulted in increased growth inhibition of breast and ovarian cancer cell lines and patient derived spheroids. In vivo, the combination improved the partial effects on tumor growth inhibition achieved by either single agent, producing complete tumor stasis and regression. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate that inhibition of PRMT5 induced signatures of DNA damage in models of breast and ovarian cancer. Furthermore, combination with the PARP inhibitor, Niraparib, resulted in increased anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Overall, these data suggest inhibition of PRMT5 as a mechanism to broaden and enhance the clinical application of PARP inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shane O'Brien
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | | | | | - Boris Wilson
- Synthetic Lethality RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | - Anastasia Wyce
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | - Vivek Mahajan
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | - Ryan Kruger
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | - Helai Mohammad
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA
| | - Andy Fedoriw
- Tumor Cell Targeting RU, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, USA.
- GlaxoSmithKline, 1250 South Collegeville Road, Collegeville, PA, 19426, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Huang M, Yao F, Nie L, Wang C, Su D, Zhang H, Li S, Tang M, Feng X, Yu B, Chen Z, Wang S, Yin L, Mou L, Hart T, Chen J. FACS-based genome-wide CRISPR screens define key regulators of DNA damage signaling pathways. Mol Cell 2023; 83:2810-2828.e6. [PMID: 37541219 PMCID: PMC10421629 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
DNA damage-activated signaling pathways are critical for coordinating multiple cellular processes, which must be tightly regulated to maintain genome stability. To provide a comprehensive and unbiased perspective of DNA damage response (DDR) signaling pathways, we performed 30 fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS)-based genome-wide CRISPR screens in human cell lines with antibodies recognizing distinct endogenous DNA damage signaling proteins to identify critical regulators involved in DDR. We discovered that proteasome-mediated processing is an early and prerequisite event for cells to trigger camptothecin- and etoposide-induced DDR signaling. Furthermore, we identified PRMT1 and PRMT5 as modulators that regulate ATM protein level. Moreover, we discovered that GNB1L is a key regulator of DDR signaling via its role as a co-chaperone specifically regulating PIKK proteins. Collectively, these screens offer a rich resource for further investigation of DDR, which may provide insight into strategies of targeting these DDR pathways to improve therapeutic outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Huang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Fuwen Yao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Litong Nie
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Siting Li
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mengfan Tang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xu Feng
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhen Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shimin Wang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ling Yin
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lisha Mou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Shenzhen Institute of Translational Medicine, Health Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Traver Hart
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Yin S, Liu L, Gan W. PRMT1 and PRMT5: on the road of homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining. GENOME INSTABILITY & DISEASE 2023; 4:197-209. [PMID: 37663901 PMCID: PMC10470524 DOI: 10.1007/s42764-022-00095-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are widely accepted to be the most deleterious form of DNA lesions that pose a severe threat to genome integrity. Two predominant pathways are responsible for repair of DSBs, homologous recombination (HR) and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). HR relies on a template to faithfully repair breaks, while NHEJ is a template-independent and error-prone repair mechanism. Multiple layers of regulation have been documented to dictate the balance between HR and NHEJ, such as cell cycle and post-translational modifications (PTMs). Arginine methylation is one of the most common PTMs, which is catalyzed by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). PRMT1 and PRMT5 are the predominate PRMTs that promote asymmetric dimethylarginine and symmetric dimethylarginine, respectively. They have emerged to be crucial regulators of DNA damage repair. In this review, we summarize current understanding and unaddressed questions of PRMT1 and PRMT5 in regulation of HR and NHEJ, providing insights into their roles in DSB repair pathway choice and the potential of targeting them for cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Wenjian Gan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kim HM, Zheng X, Lee E. Experimental Insights into the Interplay between Histone Modifiers and p53 in Regulating Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11032. [PMID: 37446210 PMCID: PMC10342072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin structure plays a fundamental role in regulating gene expression, with histone modifiers shaping the structure of chromatin by adding or removing chemical changes to histone proteins. The p53 transcription factor controls gene expression, binds target genes, and regulates their activity. While p53 has been extensively studied in cancer research, specifically in relation to fundamental cellular processes, including gene transcription, apoptosis, and cell cycle progression, its association with histone modifiers has received limited attention. This review explores the interplay between histone modifiers and p53 in regulating gene expression. We discuss how histone modifications can influence how p53 binds to target genes and how this interplay can be disrupted in cancer cells. This review provides insights into the complex mechanisms underlying gene regulation and their implications for potential cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Min Kim
- Division of Natural and Applied Sciences, Duke Kunshan University, Kunshan 215316, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zheng J, Li B, Wu Y, Wu X, Wang Y. Targeting Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT5 for Cancer Therapy: Updated Progress and Novel Strategies. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37366223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
As a predominant type II protein arginine methyltransferase, PRMT5 plays critical roles in various normal cellular processes by catalyzing the mono- and symmetrical dimethylation of a wide range of histone and nonhistone substrates. Clinical studies have revealed that high expression of PRMT5 is observed in different solid tumors and hematological malignancies and is closely associated with cancer initiation and progression. Accordingly, PRMT5 is becoming a promising anticancer target and has received great attention in both the pharmaceutical industry and the academic community. In this Perspective, we comprehensively summarize recent advances in the development of first-generation PRMT5 enzymatic inhibitors and highlight novel strategies targeting PRMT5 in the past 5 years. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities of PRMT5 inhibition, with the aim of shedding light on future PRMT5 drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahong Zheng
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bang Li
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingqi Wu
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Wu
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanxiang Wang
- Balance-Based Drug Discovery Laboratory, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Syed SA, Shqillo K, Nand A, Zhan Y, Dekker J, Imbalzano AN. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5) localizes to chromatin loop anchors and modulates expression of genes at TAD boundaries during early adipogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.13.544859. [PMID: 37398486 PMCID: PMC10312757 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.13.544859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5) is an essential regulator of embryonic development and adult progenitor cell functions. Prmt5 expression is mis-regulated in many cancers, and the development of Prmt5 inhibitors as cancer therapeutics is an active area of research. Prmt5 functions via effects on gene expression, splicing, DNA repair, and other critical cellular processes. We examined whether Prmt5 functions broadly as a genome-wide regulator of gene transcription and higher-order chromatin interactions during the initial stages of adipogenesis using ChIP-Seq, RNA-seq, and Hi-C using 3T3-L1 cells, a frequently utilized model for adipogenesis. We observed robust genome-wide Prmt5 chromatin-binding at the onset of differentiation. Prmt5 localized to transcriptionally active genomic regions, acting as both a positive and a negative regulator. A subset of Prmt5 binding sites co-localized with mediators of chromatin organization at chromatin loop anchors. Prmt5 knockdown decreased insulation strength at the boundaries of topologically associating domains (TADs) adjacent to sites with Prmt5 and CTCF co-localization. Genes overlapping such weakened TAD boundaries showed transcriptional dysregulation. This study identifies Prmt5 as a broad regulator of gene expression, including regulation of early adipogenic factors, and reveals an unappreciated requirement for Prmt5 in maintaining strong insulation at TAD boundaries and overall chromatin organization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabriya A Syed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
| | - Kristina Shqillo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
| | - Ankita Nand
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
| | - Ye Zhan
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
| | - Job Dekker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD USA
| | - Anthony N Imbalzano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wojtyś W, Oroń M. How Driver Oncogenes Shape and Are Shaped by Alternative Splicing Mechanisms in Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15112918. [PMID: 37296881 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15112918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of RNA sequencing methods has allowed us to study and better understand the landscape of aberrant pre-mRNA splicing in tumors. Altered splicing patterns are observed in many different tumors and affect all hallmarks of cancer: growth signal independence, avoidance of apoptosis, unlimited proliferation, invasiveness, angiogenesis, and metabolism. In this review, we focus on the interplay between driver oncogenes and alternative splicing in cancer. On one hand, oncogenic proteins-mutant p53, CMYC, KRAS, or PI3K-modify the alternative splicing landscape by regulating expression, phosphorylation, and interaction of splicing factors with spliceosome components. Some splicing factors-SRSF1 and hnRNPA1-are also driver oncogenes. At the same time, aberrant splicing activates key oncogenes and oncogenic pathways: p53 oncogenic isoforms, the RAS-RAF-MAPK pathway, the PI3K-mTOR pathway, the EGF and FGF receptor families, and SRSF1 splicing factor. The ultimate goal of cancer research is a better diagnosis and treatment of cancer patients. In the final part of this review, we discuss present therapeutic opportunities and possible directions of further studies aiming to design therapies targeting alternative splicing mechanisms in the context of driver oncogenes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weronika Wojtyś
- Laboratory of Human Disease Multiomics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Oroń
- Laboratory of Human Disease Multiomics, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Shi Y, Niu Y, Yuan Y, Li K, Zhong C, Qiu Z, Li K, Lin Z, Yang Z, Zuo D, Qiu J, He W, Wang C, Liao Y, Wang G, Yuan Y, Li B. PRMT3-mediated arginine methylation of IGF2BP1 promotes oxaliplatin resistance in liver cancer. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1932. [PMID: 37024475 PMCID: PMC10079833 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37542-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Although oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy has been effective in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), primary or acquired resistance to oxaliplatin remains a major challenge in the clinic. Through functional screening using CRISPR/Cas9 activation library, transcriptomic profiling of clinical samples, and functional validation in vitro and in vivo, we identify PRMT3 as a key driver of oxaliplatin resistance. Mechanistically, PRMT3-mediated oxaliplatin-resistance is in part dependent on the methylation of IGF2BP1 at R452, which is critical for the function of IGF2BP1 in stabilizing the mRNA of HEG1, an effector of PRMT3-IGF2BP1 axis. Also, PRMT3 overexpression may serve as a biomarker for oxaliplatin resistance in HCC patients. Collectively, our study defines the PRTM3-IGF2BP1-HEG1 axis as important regulators and therapeutic targets in oxaliplatin-resistance and suggests the potential to use PRMT3 expression level in pretreatment biopsy as a biomarker for oxaliplatin-resistance in HCC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yichuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengrui Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keren Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dinglan Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiliang Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chenwei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yadi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guocan Wang
- Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Yunfei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Binkui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Liver Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yao Q, Duan S, Yang Q, Ma X, Li Z, Wu K, Chang P, Cao M, Chen X, Wang Z, Zhong X, Zhou Q, Zhao H. Mep50 is essential for embryonic development in medaka fish. Gene 2023; 868:147387. [PMID: 36963734 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Mep50 as a partner promotes the activity and substrate affinity of Prmt5. Prmt5 and Mep50 function together in multiple bioprocesses of the cells. Both Prmt5 and Mep50 are necessary for maintenance of the stem cells and are indispensable in the embryogenesis in the mammals. However, the role of Mep50 is rarely studied in fish. This study was to investigate the role of Mep50 in embryonic development of medaka. Medaka mep50 was mutated by genomic editing with CRISPR-Cas9 technology. Two mutants with a deletion of 22 and 46 bp separately in mep50 caused premature stopping of translation. The homozygotes of these mutant fish were obtained by self-crossing of the heterozygotes. These homozygotic mutants could reproduce embryos but the offspring were not viable. The apoptotic cells were significantly more in the mutant embryos than that in the wild type indicated by TUNEL assay. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the expression of oct4 and sox2 were significantly decreased, but p53 was increased in the mutant embryos. These results suggest that disruption of mep50 severely interferes with embryogenesis and mep50 is necessary for embryonic development by maintaining stem cells and repression of apoptosis in medaka.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiting Yao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shi Duan
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaoqin Ma
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Kongyue Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Pei Chang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Mengxi Cao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zequn Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xueping Zhong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qingchun Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Haobin Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gillespie MS, Ward CM, Davies CC. DNA Repair and Therapeutic Strategies in Cancer Stem Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1897. [PMID: 36980782 PMCID: PMC10047301 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
First-line cancer treatments successfully eradicate the differentiated tumour mass but are comparatively ineffective against cancer stem cells (CSCs), a self-renewing subpopulation thought to be responsible for tumour initiation, metastasis, heterogeneity, and recurrence. CSCs are thus presented as the principal target for elimination during cancer treatment. However, CSCs are challenging to drug target because of numerous intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of drug resistance. One such mechanism that remains relatively understudied is the DNA damage response (DDR). CSCs are presumed to possess properties that enable enhanced DNA repair efficiency relative to their highly proliferative bulk progeny, facilitating improved repair of double-strand breaks induced by radiotherapy and most chemotherapeutics. This can occur through multiple mechanisms, including increased expression and splicing fidelity of DNA repair genes, robust activation of cell cycle checkpoints, and elevated homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair. Herein, we summarise the current knowledge concerning improved genome integrity in non-transformed stem cells and CSCs, discuss therapeutic opportunities within the DDR for re-sensitising CSCs to genotoxic stressors, and consider the challenges posed regarding unbiased identification of novel DDR-directed strategies in CSCs. A better understanding of the DDR mediating chemo/radioresistance mechanisms in CSCs could lead to novel therapeutic approaches, thereby enhancing treatment efficacy in cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Gillespie
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (M.S.G.)
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ciara M. Ward
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (M.S.G.)
| | - Clare C. Davies
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (M.S.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Che Y, Liu Y, Yao Y, Hill HA, Li Y, Cai Q, Yan F, Jain P, Wang W, Rui L, Wang M. Exploiting PRMT5 as a target for combination therapy in mantle cell lymphoma characterized by frequent ATM and TP53 mutations. Blood Cancer J 2023; 13:27. [PMID: 36797243 PMCID: PMC9935633 DOI: 10.1038/s41408-023-00799-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Constant challenges for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) remain to be recurrent relapses and therapy resistance, especially in patients harboring somatic mutations in the tumor suppressors ATM and TP53, which are accumulated as therapy resistance emerges and the disease progresses, consistent with our OncoPrint results that ATM and TP53 alterations were most frequent in relapsed/refractory (R/R) MCL. We demonstrated that protein arginine methyltransferase-5 (PRMT5) was upregulated in R/R MCL, which predicted a poor prognosis. PRMT5 inhibitors displayed profound antitumor effects in the mouse models of MCL with mutated ATM and/or TP53, or refractory to CD19-targeted CAR T-cell therapy. Genetic knockout of PRMT5 robustly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Co-targeting PRMT5, and ATR or CDK4 by using their inhibitors showed synergistic antitumor effects both in vitro and in vivo. Our results have provided a rational combination therapeutic strategy targeting multiple PRMT5-coordinated tumor-promoting processes for the treatment of R/R MCL with high mutation burdens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Che
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yixin Yao
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Holly A Hill
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yijing Li
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Qingsong Cai
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Fangfang Yan
- School of Biomedical Informatics, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 7000 Fannin Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Preetesh Jain
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Lixin Rui
- Department of Medicine, the University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1111 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Michael Wang
- Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang N, Ma T, Yu B. Targeting epigenetic regulators to overcome drug resistance in cancers. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:69. [PMID: 36797239 PMCID: PMC9935618 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01341-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is mainly responsible for cancer recurrence and poor prognosis. Epigenetic regulation is a heritable change in gene expressions independent of nucleotide sequence changes. As the common epigenetic regulation mechanisms, DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNA regulation have been well studied. Increasing evidence has shown that aberrant epigenetic regulations contribute to tumor resistance. Therefore, targeting epigenetic regulators represents an effective strategy to reverse drug resistance. In this review, we mainly summarize the roles of epigenetic regulation in tumor resistance. In addition, as the essential factors for epigenetic modifications, histone demethylases mediate the histone or genomic DNA modifications. Herein, we comprehensively describe the functions of the histone demethylase family including the lysine-specific demethylase family, the Jumonji C-domain-containing demethylase family, and the histone arginine demethylase family, and fully discuss their regulatory mechanisms related to cancer drug resistance. In addition, therapeutic strategies, including small-molecule inhibitors and small interfering RNA targeting histone demethylases to overcome drug resistance, are also described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ting Ma
- Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| | - Bin Yu
- Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jiang K, Yin X, Zhang Q, Yin J, Tang Q, Xu M, Wu L, Shen Y, Zhou Z, Yu H, Yan S. STC2 activates PRMT5 to induce radioresistance through DNA damage repair and ferroptosis pathways in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Redox Biol 2023; 60:102626. [PMID: 36764215 PMCID: PMC9929488 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioresistance is the major reason for the failure of radiotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Previous evidence indicated that stanniocalcin 2 (STC2) participates in various biological processes of malignant tumors. However, researches on its effect on radioresistance in cancers are limited. In this study, STC2 was screened out by RNA-sequencing and bioinformatics analyses as a potential prognosis predictor of ESCC radiosensitivity and then was determined to facilitate radioresistance. We found that STC2 expression is increased in ESCC tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, and a higher level of STC2 is associated with poor prognosis. Also, STC2 mRNA and protein expression levels were higher in radioresistant cells than in their parental cells. Further investigation revealed that STC2 could interact with protein methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) and activate PRMT5, thus leading to the increased expression of symmetric dimethylation of histone H4 on Arg 3 (H4R3me2s). Mechanistically, STC2 can promote DDR through the homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining pathways by activating PRMT5. Meanwhile, STC2 can participate in SLC7A11-mediated ferroptosis in a PRMT5-dependent manner. Finally, these results were validated through in vivo experiments. These findings uncovered that STC2 might be an attractive therapeutic target to overcome ESCC radioresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kan Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingyi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Yin
- Department of Colorectal Medicine, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuying Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyou Xu
- Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China
| | - Senxiang Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang, 310003, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Markouli M, Strepkos D, Piperi C. Impact of Histone Modifications and Their Therapeutic Targeting in Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13657. [PMID: 36362442 PMCID: PMC9654260 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are a large and heterogeneous group of neoplasms characterized by complex pathogenetic mechanisms. The abnormal regulation of epigenetic mechanisms and specifically, histone modifications, has been demonstrated to play a central role in hematological cancer pathogenesis and progression. A variety of epigenetic enzymes that affect the state of histones have been detected as deregulated, being either over- or underexpressed, which induces changes in chromatin compaction and, subsequently, affects gene expression. Recent advances in the field of epigenetics have revealed novel therapeutic targets, with many epigenetic drugs being investigated in clinical trials. The present review focuses on the biological impact of histone modifications in the pathogenesis of hematologic malignancies, describing a wide range of therapeutic agents that have been discovered to target these alterations and are currently under investigation in clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.M.); (D.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sauter C, Simonet J, Guidez F, Dumétier B, Pernon B, Callanan M, Bastie JN, Aucagne R, Delva L. Protein Arginine Methyltransferases as Therapeutic Targets in Hematological Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5443. [PMID: 36358861 PMCID: PMC9657843 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginine methylation is a common post-translational modification affecting protein activity and the transcription of target genes when methylation occurs on histone tails. There are nine protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) in mammals, divided into subgroups depending on the methylation they form on a molecule of arginine. During the formation and maturation of the different types of blood cells, PRMTs play a central role by controlling cell differentiation at the transcriptional level. PRMT enzymatic activity is necessary for many cellular processes in hematological malignancies, such as the activation of cell cycle and proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, DNA repair processes, RNA splicing, and transcription by methylating histone tails' arginine. Chemical tools have been developed to inhibit the activity of PRMTs and have been tested in several models of hematological malignancies, including primary samples from patients, xenografts into immunodeficient mice, mouse models, and human cell lines. They show a significant effect by reducing cell viability and increasing the overall survival of mice. PRMT5 inhibitors have a strong therapeutic potential, as phase I clinical trials in hematological malignancies that use these molecules show promising results, thus, underlining PRMT inhibitors as useful therapeutic tools for cancer treatment in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Sauter
- Inserm U1231, Team Epi2THM, LipSTIC Labex, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - John Simonet
- Inserm U1231, Team Epi2THM, LipSTIC Labex, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Fabien Guidez
- Inserm U1231, Team Epi2THM, LipSTIC Labex, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Baptiste Dumétier
- Inserm U1231, Team Epi2THM, LipSTIC Labex, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Baptiste Pernon
- Inserm U1231, Team Epi2THM, LipSTIC Labex, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mary Callanan
- Inserm U1231, Team Epi2THM, LipSTIC Labex, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Unit for Innovation in Genetics and Epigenetic in Oncology (IGEO)/CRIGEN Core Facility, University Hospital François Mitterrand, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Noël Bastie
- Inserm U1231, Team Epi2THM, LipSTIC Labex, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital François Mitterrand, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Romain Aucagne
- Inserm U1231, Team Epi2THM, LipSTIC Labex, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
- Unit for Innovation in Genetics and Epigenetic in Oncology (IGEO)/CRIGEN Core Facility, University Hospital François Mitterrand, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Delva
- Inserm U1231, Team Epi2THM, LipSTIC Labex, UFR des Sciences de Santé, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Loss of METTL3 attenuates blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm response to PRMT5 inhibition via IFN signaling. Blood Adv 2022; 6:5330-5344. [PMID: 35482445 PMCID: PMC9631685 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and aggressive hematologic malignancy with poor clinical outcomes. Dysregulated MYC expression, which is associated with protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) dependency, is a recurrent feature of BPDCN. Although recent studies have reported a PRMT5 gene signature in BPDCN patient samples, the role of PRMT5 in BPDCN remains unexplored. Here, we demonstrate that BPDCN is highly sensitive to PRMT5 inhibition. Consistent with the upregulation of PRMT5 in BPDCN, we show that pharmacological inhibition (GSK3326595) of PRMT5 inhibits the growth of the patient-derived BPDCN cell line CAL-1 in vitro and mitigated tumor progression in our mouse xenograft model. Interestingly, RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis revealed that PRMT5 inhibition increases intron retention in several key RNA methylation genes, including METTL3, which was accompanied by a dose-dependent decrease in METTL3 expression. Notably, the function of cellular m6A RNA modification of METTL3 was also affected by PRMT5 inhibition in CAL-1 cells. Intriguingly, METTL3 depletion in CAL-1 caused a significant increase in interferon (IFN) signaling, which was further elevated upon PRMT5 inhibition. Importantly, we discovered that this increase in IFN signaling attenuated the sensitivity of METTL3-depleted CAL-1 cells to PRMT5 inhibition. Correspondingly, stimulation of IFN signaling via TLR7 agonists weakened CAL-1 cell sensitivity to PRMT5 inhibition. Overall, our findings implicate PRMT5 as a therapeutic target in BPDCN and provide insight into the involvement of METTL3 and the IFN pathway in regulating the response to PRMT5 inhibition.
Collapse
|
38
|
Brobbey C, Liu L, Yin S, Gan W. The Role of Protein Arginine Methyltransferases in DNA Damage Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179780. [PMID: 36077176 PMCID: PMC9456308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In response to DNA damage, cells have developed a sophisticated signaling pathway, consisting of DNA damage sensors, transducers, and effectors, to ensure efficient and proper repair of damaged DNA. During this process, posttranslational modifications (PTMs) are central events that modulate the recruitment, dissociation, and activation of DNA repair proteins at damage sites. Emerging evidence reveals that protein arginine methylation is one of the common PTMs and plays critical roles in DNA damage response. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) either directly methylate DNA repair proteins or deposit methylation marks on histones to regulate their transcription, RNA splicing, protein stability, interaction with partners, enzymatic activities, and localization. In this review, we summarize the substrates and roles of each PRMTs in DNA damage response and discuss the synergistic anticancer effects of PRMTs and DNA damage pathway inhibitors, providing insight into the significance of arginine methylation in the maintenance of genome integrity and cancer therapies.
Collapse
|
39
|
Kawamura S, Palte RL, Kim HY, Saurí J, Sondey C, Mansueto MS, Altman MD, Machacek MR. Design and synthesis of unprecedented 9- and 10-membered cyclonucleosides with PRMT5 inhibitory activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 66:116820. [PMID: 35594650 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of medium-sized rings is known to be challenging due to high transannular strain especially for 9- and 10-membered rings. Herein we report design and synthesis of unprecedented 9- and 10-membered purine 8,5'-cyclonucleosides as the first cyclonucleoside PRMT5 inhibitors. The cocrystal structure of PRMT5:MEP50 in complex with the synthesized 9-membered cyclonucleoside 1 revealed its binding mode in the SAM binding pocket of PRMT5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhei Kawamura
- Discovery Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Rachel L Palte
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Hai-Young Kim
- NMR Structure Elucidation, Process and Analytical Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Josep Saurí
- NMR Structure Elucidation, Process and Analytical Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Christopher Sondey
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - My S Mansueto
- Quantitative Biosciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Michael D Altman
- Computational and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Clarke TL, Mostoslavsky R. DNA repair as a shared hallmark in cancer and ageing. Mol Oncol 2022; 16:3352-3379. [PMID: 35834102 PMCID: PMC9490147 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence demonstrates that DNA damage and genome instability play a crucial role in ageing. Mammalian cells have developed a wide range of complex and well‐orchestrated DNA repair pathways to respond to and resolve many different types of DNA lesions that occur from exogenous and endogenous sources. Defects in these repair pathways lead to accelerated or premature ageing syndromes and increase the likelihood of cancer development. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms of DNA repair will help develop novel strategies to treat ageing‐related diseases. Here, we revisit the processes involved in DNA damage repair and how these can contribute to diseases, including ageing and cancer. We also review recent mechanistic insights into DNA repair and discuss how these insights are being used to develop novel therapeutic strategies for treating human disease. We discuss the use of PARP inhibitors in the clinic for the treatment of breast and ovarian cancer and the challenges associated with acquired drug resistance. Finally, we discuss how DNA repair pathway‐targeted therapeutics are moving beyond PARP inhibition in the search for ever more innovative and efficacious cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas L Clarke
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 02114, Boston, MA, USA.,The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 02142, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Raul Mostoslavsky
- The Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, 02114, Boston, MA, USA.,The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, 02142, Cambridge, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Vlummens P, Verhulst S, De Veirman K, Maes A, Menu E, Moreaux J, De Boussac H, Robert N, De Bruyne E, Hose D, Offner F, Vanderkerken K, Maes K. Inhibition of the Protein Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT5 in High-Risk Multiple Myeloma as a Novel Treatment Approach. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:879057. [PMID: 35757005 PMCID: PMC9213887 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.879057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable clonal plasma cell malignancy. Subsets of patients have high-risk features linked with dismal outcome. Therefore, the need for effective therapeutic options remains high. Here, we used bio-informatic tools to identify novel targets involved in DNA repair and epigenetics and which are associated with high-risk myeloma. The prognostic significance of the target genes was analyzed using publicly available gene expression data of MM patients (TT2/3 and HM cohorts). Hence, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) was identified as a promising target. Druggability was assessed in OPM2, JJN3, AMO1 and XG7 human myeloma cell lines using the PRMT5-inhibitor EPZ015938. EPZ015938 strongly reduced the total symmetric-dimethyl arginine levels in all cell lines and lead to decreased cellular growth, supported by cell line dependent changes in cell cycle distribution. At later time points, apoptosis occurred, as evidenced by increased AnnexinV-positivity and cleavage of PARP and caspases. Transcriptome analysis revealed a role for PRMT5 in regulating alternative splicing, nonsense-mediated decay, DNA repair and PI3K/mTOR-signaling, irrespective of the cell line type. PRMT5 inhibition reduced the expression of upstream DNA repair kinases ATM and ATR, which may in part explain our observation that EPZ015938 and the DNA-alkylating agent, melphalan, have combinatory effects. Of interest, using a low-dose of mTOR-inhibitor, we observed that cell viability was partially rescued from the effects of EPZ015938, indicating a role for mTOR-related pathways in the anti-myeloma activity of EPZ015938. Moreover, PRMT5 was shown to be involved in splicing regulation of MMSET and SLAMF7, known genes of importance in MM disease. As such, we broaden the understanding of the exact role of PRMT5 in MM disease and further underline its use as a possible therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip Vlummens
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Clinical Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stefaan Verhulst
- Liver Cell Biology Lab, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kim De Veirman
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Anke Maes
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Eline Menu
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérome Moreaux
- CHU Montpellier, Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Montpellier, France.,Department of Biological Hematology, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, IUF, Paris, France
| | - Hugues De Boussac
- CHU Montpellier, Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Robert
- CHU Montpellier, Laboratory for Monitoring Innovative Therapies, Department of Biological Hematology, Montpellier, France
| | - Elke De Bruyne
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dirk Hose
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fritz Offner
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karin Vanderkerken
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ken Maes
- Department of Hematology and Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.,Center for Medical Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ), Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Brown T, Cao M, Zheng YG. Synthesis and Activity of Triazole-Adenosine Analogs as Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 5 Inhibitors. Molecules 2022; 27:3779. [PMID: 35744905 PMCID: PMC9228412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27123779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is an attractive molecular target in anticancer drug discovery due to its extensive involvement in transcriptional control, RNA processing, and other cellular pathways that are causally related to tumor initiation and progression. In recent years, various compounds have been screened or designed to target either the substrate- or cofactor-binding site of PRMT5. To expand the diversity of chemotypes for inhibitory binding to PRMT5 and other AdoMet-dependent methyltransferases, in this work, we designed a series of triazole-containing adenosine analogs aimed at targeting the cofactor-binding site of PRMT5. Triazole rings have commonly been utilized in drug discovery due to their ease of synthesis and functionalization as bioisosteres of amide bonds. Herein, we utilized the electronic properties of the triazole ring as a novel way to specifically target the cofactor-binding site of PRMT5. A total of about 30 compounds were synthesized using the modular alkyne-azide cycloaddition reaction. Biochemical tests showed that these compounds exhibited inhibitory activity of PRMT5 at varying degrees and several showed single micromolar potency, with clear selectivity for PRMT5 over PRMT1. Docking-based structural analysis showed that the triazole ring plays a key role in binding to the characteristic residue Phe327 in the active pocket of PRMT5, explaining the compounds' selectivity for this type-II enzyme. Overall, this work provides new structure-activity relationship information on the design of AdoMet analogs for selective inhibition of PRMT5. Further structural optimization work will further improve the potency of the top leads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Y. George Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA; (T.B.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Szewczyk MM, Luciani GM, Vu V, Murison A, Dilworth D, Barghout SH, Lupien M, Arrowsmith CH, Minden MD, Barsyte-Lovejoy D. PRMT5 regulates ATF4 transcript splicing and oxidative stress response. Redox Biol 2022; 51:102282. [PMID: 35305370 PMCID: PMC8933703 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) symmetrically dimethylates arginine residues leading to regulation of transcription and splicing programs. Although PRMT5 has emerged as an attractive oncology target, the molecular determinants of PRMT5 dependency in cancer remain incompletely understood. Our transcriptomic analysis identified PRMT5 regulation of the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) pathway in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). PRMT5 inhibition resulted in the expression of unstable, intron-retaining ATF4 mRNA that is detained in the nucleus. Concurrently, the decrease in the spliced cytoplasmic transcript of ATF4 led to lower levels of ATF4 protein and downregulation of ATF4 target genes. Upon loss of functional PRMT5, cells with low ATF4 displayed increased oxidative stress, growth arrest, and cellular senescence. Interestingly, leukemia cells with EVI1 oncogene overexpression demonstrated dependence on PRMT5 function. EVI1 and ATF4 regulated gene signatures were inversely correlated. We show that EVI1-high AML cells have reduced ATF4 levels, elevated baseline reactive oxygen species and increased sensitivity to PRMT5 inhibition. Thus, EVI1-high cells demonstrate dependence on PRMT5 function and regulation of oxidative stress response. Overall, our findings identify the PRMT5-ATF4 axis to be safeguarding the cellular redox balance that is especially important in high oxidative stress states, such as those that occur with EVI1 overexpression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Genna M Luciani
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria Vu
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alex Murison
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Dilworth
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Samir H Barghout
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mathieu Lupien
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark D Minden
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Dalia Barsyte-Lovejoy
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yang Z, Xiao T, Li Z, Zhang J, Chen S. Novel Chemicals Derived from Tadalafil Exhibit PRMT5 Inhibition and Promising Activities against Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094806. [PMID: 35563196 PMCID: PMC9103191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer seriously endangers women’s health worldwide. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is highly expressed in breast cancer and represents a potential druggable target for breast cancer treatment. However, because the currently available clinical PRMT5 inhibitors are relatively limited, there is an urgent need to develop new PRMT5 inhibitors. Our team previously found that the FDA-approved drug tadalafil can act as a PRMT5 inhibitor and enhance the sensitivity of breast cancer patients to doxorubicin treatment. To further improve the binding specificity of tadalafil to PRMT5, we chemically modified tadalafil, and designed three compounds, A, B, and C, based on the PRMT5 protein structure. These three compounds could bind to PRMT5 through different binding modes and inhibit histone arginine methylation. They arrested the proliferation and triggered the apoptosis of breast cancer cells in vitro and also promoted the antitumor effects of the chemotherapy drugs cisplatin, doxorubicin, and olaparib in combination regimens. Among them, compound A possessed the highest potency. Finally, the anti-breast cancer effects of PRMT5 inhibitor A and its ability to enhance chemosensitivity were further verified in a xenograft mouse model. These results indicate that the new PRMT5 inhibitors A, B, and C may be potential candidates for breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (T.X.)
| | - Tian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (T.X.)
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Z.Y.); (T.X.)
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (S.C.)
| | - Suning Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Correspondence: (J.Z.); (S.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
PRMT5 regulates RNA m6A demethylation for doxorubicin sensitivity in breast cancer. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2603-2617. [PMID: 35278676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells respond to various stressful conditions through the dynamic regulation of RNA m6A modification. Doxorubicin is a widely used chemotherapeutic drug that induces DNA damage. It is interesting to know whether cancer cells regulate the DNA damage response and doxorubicin sensitivity through RNA m6A modification. Here, we found that doxorubicin treatment significantly induced RNA m6A methylation in breast cancer cells in both a dose- and time-dependent manner. However, protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) inhibited RNA m6A modification under doxorubicin treatment by enhancing the nuclear translocation of the RNA demethylase AlkB Homolog 5 (ALKBH5), which was previously believed to be exclusively localized in the nucleus. Then, ALKBH5 removed the m6A methylation of BRCA1 for mRNA stabilization and further enhanced DNA repair competency to decrease doxorubicin efficacy in breast cancer cells. Importantly, we identified the approved drug tadalafil as a novel PRMT5 inhibitor that could decrease RNA m6A methylation and increase doxorubicin sensitivity in breast cancer. The strategy that targeting PRMT5 with tadalafil is a promising approach to promote breast cancer sensitivity to doxorubicin through RNA methylation regulation.
Collapse
|
46
|
Abstract
DNA repair and DNA damage signaling pathways are critical for the maintenance of genomic stability. Defects of DNA repair and damage signaling contribute to tumorigenesis, but also render cancer cells vulnerable to DNA damage and reliant on remaining repair and signaling activities. Here, we review the major classes of DNA repair and damage signaling defects in cancer, the genomic instability that they give rise to, and therapeutic strategies to exploit the resulting vulnerabilities. Furthermore, we discuss the impacts of DNA repair defects on both targeted therapy and immunotherapy, and highlight emerging principles for targeting DNA repair defects in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Hopkins
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA
| | - Li Lan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Lee Zou
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.,Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Yang X, Zeng Z, Jie X, Wang Y, Han J, Zheng Z, Li J, Liu H, Dong X, Wu G, Xu S. Arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 methylates and destabilizes Mxi1 to confer radioresistance in non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Lett 2022; 532:215594. [PMID: 35149174 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Radioresistance is regarded as the main cause of local recurrence and distant metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer. However, the underlying mechanisms of radioresistance remains incompletely understood. In this study, we find that the arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 interacts with and methylates Mxi1, which promotes the binding of the β-Trcp ligase to Mxi1, facilitating the ubiquitination and degradation of Mxi1 in lung cancer. Furthermore, genetic blockade of PRMT5 impairs DNA damage repair and enhances lung cancer radiosensitivity in vitro and in vivo, and these phenotypes are partially reversed by Mxi1 silencing. More importantly, pharmacological inhibition of PRMT5 with the specific inhibitor EPZ015666 leads to extraordinary radiosensitization in vitro and in vivo in lung cancer. Altogether, our data indicate that PRMT5 methylates and destabilizes Mxi1 to confer radioresistance, suggesting that PRMT5 may be a promising radiosensitization target in non-small cell lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xijie Yang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhen Zeng
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaohua Jie
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jun Han
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhikun Zheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaorong Dong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Gang Wu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Shuangbing Xu
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Salaikumaran MR, Badiger VP, Burra VLSP. 16S rRNA Methyltransferases as Novel Drug Targets Against Tuberculosis. Protein J 2022; 41:97-130. [PMID: 35112243 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-021-10029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an airborne infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) whose natural history traces back to 70,000 years. TB remains a major global health burden. Methylation is a type of post-replication, post-transcriptional and post-translational epi-genetic modification involved in transcription, translation, replication, tissue specific expression, embryonic development, genomic imprinting, genome stability and chromatin structure, protein protein interactions and signal transduction indicating its indispensable role in survival of a pathogen like M.tb. The pathogens use this epigenetic mechanism to develop resistance against certain drug molecules and survive the lethality. Drug resistance has become a major challenge to tackle and also a major concern raised by WHO. Methyltransferases are enzymes that catalyze the methylation of various substrates. None of the current TB targets belong to methyltransferases which provides therapeutic opportunities to develop novel drugs through studying methyltransferases as potential novel targets against TB. Targeting 16S rRNA methyltransferases serves two purposes simultaneously: a) translation inhibition and b) simultaneous elimination of the ability to methylate its substrates hence stopping the emergence of drug resistance strains. There are ~ 40 different rRNA methyltransferases and 13 different 16S rRNA specific methyltransferases which are unexplored and provide a huge opportunity for treatment of TB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Salaikumaran
- Centre for Advanced Research and Innovation in Structural Biology of Diseases, K L E F (Deemed To Be) University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, 522 502, India
| | - Veena P Badiger
- Centre for Advanced Research and Innovation in Structural Biology of Diseases, K L E F (Deemed To Be) University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, 522 502, India
| | - V L S Prasad Burra
- Centre for Advanced Research and Innovation in Structural Biology of Diseases, K L E F (Deemed To Be) University, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, 522 502, India.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zhao B, Zhang D, Sun Y, Lei M, Zeng P, Wang Y, Hong Y, Jiao Y, Cai C. Explore the effect of LLY-283 on the ototoxicity of auditory cells caused by cisplatin: A bioinformatic analysis based on RNA-seq. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24176. [PMID: 34997776 PMCID: PMC8842247 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic drug in clinics, and long-term application will lead to hearing impairment. LLY-283, an inhibitor of PRMT5, has not been reported in deafness. Our study aimed to explore the mechanism of LLY-283 in hearing impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, we performed RNA-seq (cisplatin in the experimental group and DMSO in the control group) to obtain the biological processes mainly involved in differentially expressed genes (DEGs). CCK-8 and LDH experiments were used to observe the effect of LLY-283 on cisplatin-induced auditory cell injury. ROS experiment was used to monitor the impact of LLY-283 on oxidative damage of auditory cells. Effect of LLY-283 on apoptosis of auditory cells detected by TUNEL experiment. PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression of genes and proteins related to auditory cell apoptosis in LLY-283 cells. Meanwhile, we explored the effect of LLY-283 on the expression of PRMT5 in cisplatin-induced hearing impaired cells at RNA and protein levels. RESULTS Biological process analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in the apoptotic process involved in morphogenesis (-Log10 P = 3.71). CCK-8 and LDH experiments confirmed that LLY-283 could save cisplatin-induced auditory cell injury. ROS experiments confirmed that LLY-283 could rescue cisplatin-induced oxidative damage to auditory cells. TUNEL experiments confirmed that LLY-283 could protect cisplatin-induced apoptosis of auditory cells. Meanwhile, LLY-283 could inhibit the expression of PRMT5 in auditory cells induced by cisplatin. CONCLUSION LLY-283 can rescue cisplatin-induced auditory cell apoptosis injury. LLY-283 can inhibit the increase in PRMT5 expression induced by cisplatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Xiamen Health and Medical Big Data CenterXiamenChina
- School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryTeaching Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryZhongshan HospitalSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yixin Sun
- School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Min Lei
- School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryTeaching Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryZhongshan HospitalSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Peiji Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryTeaching Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryZhongshan HospitalSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yue Wang
- School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryTeaching Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryZhongshan HospitalSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yongjun Hong
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryTeaching Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryZhongshan HospitalSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Yanchao Jiao
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryTeaching Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryZhongshan HospitalSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Chengfu Cai
- School of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryTeaching Hospital of Fujian Medical UniversityXiamenChina
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryZhongshan HospitalSchool of MedicineXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zheng Y, Chen Z, Zhou B, Chen S, Han L, Chen N, Ma Y, Xie G, Yang J, Nie H, Shen L. PRMT5 Deficiency Enforces the Transcriptional and Epigenetic Programs of Klrg1 +CD8 + Terminal Effector T Cells and Promotes Cancer Development. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:501-513. [PMID: 34911774 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) participates in the symmetric dimethylation of arginine residues of proteins and contributes to a wide range of biological processes. However, how PRMT5 affects the transcriptional and epigenetic programs involved in the establishment and maintenance of T cell subset differentiation and roles in antitumor immunity is still incompletely understood. In this study, using single-cell RNA and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, we found that mouse T cell-specific deletion of PRMT5 had greater effects on CD8+ than CD4+ T cell development, enforcing CD8+ T cell differentiation into Klrg1+ terminal effector cells. Mechanistically, T cell deficiency of PRMT5 activated Prdm1 by decreasing H4R3me2s and H3R8me2s deposition on its loci, which promoted the differentiation of Klrg1+CD8+ T cells. Furthermore, effector CD8+ T cells that transited to memory precursor cells were decreased in PRMT5-deficient T cells, thus causing dramatic CD8+ T cell death. In addition, in a mouse lung cancer cell line-transplanted tumor mouse model, the percentage of CD8+ T cells from T cell-specific deletion of PRMT5 mice was dramatically lost, but CD8+Foxp3+ and CD8+PDL1+ regulatory T cells were increased compared with the control group, thus accelerating tumor progression. We further verified these results in a mouse colon cancer cell line-transplanted tumor mouse model. Our study validated the importance of targeting PRMT5 in tumor treatment, because PRMT5 deficiency enforced Klrg1+ terminal CD8+ T cell development and eliminated antitumor activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxia Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;
| | - Zheyi Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingqian Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ningdai Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanhui Ma
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guohua Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyao Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Nie
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China;
| | - Lisong Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Xin Hua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; .,Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; and.,Xin Hua Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|