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Samayoa-Reyes G, Weigel C, Koech E, Waomba K, Jackson C, Onditi IA, Sabourin KR, Kenney S, Baiocchi RA, Oakes CC, Ogolla S, Rochford R. Effect of Malaria Infection on Epstein-Barr Virus Persistence in Kenyan Children. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:73-82. [PMID: 37433031 PMCID: PMC10786253 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 2 cofactors in the etiology of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) are Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and repeated Plasmodium falciparum malaria infections. This study evaluated EBV loads in mucosal and systemic compartments of children with malaria and controls. Age was analyzed as a covariate because immunity to malaria in endemic regions is age dependent. METHODS Children (2-10 years) with clinical malaria from Western Kenya and community controls without malaria were enrolled. Saliva and blood samples were collected, EBV viral load was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and EpiTYPER MassARRAY was used to assess methylation of 3 different EBV genes. RESULTS Regardless of the compartment, we detected EBV more frequently in malaria cases compared to controls, although the difference was not significant. When EBV was detected, there were no differences in viral load between cases and controls. However, EBV methylation was significantly lower in the malaria group compared to controls in both plasma and saliva (P < .05), indicating increased EBV lytic replication. In younger children before development of immunity to malaria, there was a significant effect of malaria on EBV load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P = .04). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that malaria can directly modulate EBV persistence in children, increasing their risk for BL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Samayoa-Reyes
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Emmily Koech
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Kevin Waomba
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Conner Jackson
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado-Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ian A Onditi
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Katherine R Sabourin
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Shannon Kenney
- Department of Oncology, McArdle Laboratory, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Robert A Baiocchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher C Oakes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Sidney Ogolla
- Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Kisumu, Kenya
| | - Rosemary Rochford
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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2
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Long ME, Koirala S, Sloan S, Brown-Burke F, Weigel C, Villagomez L, Corps K, Sharma A, Hout I, Harper M, Helmig-Mason J, Tallada S, Chen Z, Scherle P, Vaddi K, Chen-Kiang S, Di Liberto M, Meydan C, Foox J, Butler D, Mason C, Alinari L, Blaser BW, Baiocchi R. Resistance to PRMT5-targeted therapy in mantle cell lymphoma. Blood Adv 2024; 8:150-163. [PMID: 37782774 PMCID: PMC10787272 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and patients who relapse on targeted therapies have poor prognosis. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5), an enzyme essential for B-cell transformation, drives multiple oncogenic pathways and is overexpressed in MCL. Despite the antitumor activity of PRMT5 inhibition (PRT-382/PRT-808), drug resistance was observed in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) MCL model. Decreased survival of mice engrafted with these PRMT5 inhibitor-resistant cells vs treatment-naive cells was observed (P = .005). MCL cell lines showed variable sensitivity to PRMT5 inhibition. Using PRT-382, cell lines were classified as sensitive (n = 4; 50% inhibitory concentration [IC50], 20-140 nM) or primary resistant (n = 4; 340-1650 nM). Prolonged culture of sensitive MCL lines with drug escalation produced PRMT5 inhibitor-resistant cell lines (n = 4; 200-500 nM). This resistant phenotype persisted after prolonged culture in the absence of drug and was observed with PRT-808. In the resistant PDX and cell line models, symmetric dimethylarginine reduction was achieved at the original PRMT5 inhibitor IC50, suggesting activation of alternative resistance pathways. Bulk RNA sequencing of resistant cell lines and PDX relative to sensitive or short-term-treated cells, respectively, highlighted shared upregulation of multiple pathways including mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase [mTOR] signaling (P < 10-5 and z score > 0.3 or < 0.3). Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated a strong shift in global gene expression, with upregulation of mTOR signaling in resistant PDX MCL samples. Targeted blockade of mTORC1 with temsirolimus overcame the PRMT5 inhibitor-resistant phenotype, displayed therapeutic synergy in resistant MCL cell lines, and improved survival of a resistant PDX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Elizabeth Long
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Shirsha Koirala
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Shelby Sloan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Fiona Brown-Burke
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Lynda Villagomez
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University and Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Kara Corps
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Archisha Sharma
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ian Hout
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Margaret Harper
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - JoBeth Helmig-Mason
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Sheetal Tallada
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Selina Chen-Kiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Maurizio Di Liberto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Cem Meydan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jonathan Foox
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Daniel Butler
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Christopher Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Lapo Alinari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Bradley W. Blaser
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Robert Baiocchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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3
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Zealiyas K, Teshome S, Haile AF, Weigel C, Alemu A, Amogne W, Yimer G, Abebe T, Berhe N, Ahmed EH, Baiocchi RA. Genotype characterization of Epstein-Barr virus among adults living with human immunodeficiency virus in Ethiopia. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1270824. [PMID: 38029140 PMCID: PMC10644458 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1270824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a human lymphotropic herpesvirus with a causative agent in cancer. There are two genotypes of EBV (EBV genotype 1 and EBV genotype 2) that have been shown to infect humans. This study aimed to characterize the EBV genotype among people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) and HIV-negative individuals in Ethiopia. Methods DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR) targeting EBNA3C genes was performed for genotyping. A quantitative real-time PCR (q-PCR) assay for EBV DNA (EBNA1 ORF) detection and viral load quantification was performed. Statistical significance was determined at a value of p < 0.05. Result In this study, 155 EBV-seropositive individuals were enrolled, including 128 PWH and 27 HIV-negative individuals. Among PWH, EBV genotype 1 was the most prevalent (105/128, 82.0%) genotype, followed by EBV genotype 2 (17/128, 13.3%), and mixed infection (6/128, 4.7%). In PWH, the median log10 of EBV viral load was 4.23 copies/ml [interquartile range (IQR): 3.76-4.46], whereas it was 3.84 copies/ml (IQR: 3.74-4.02) in the HIV-negative group. The EBV viral load in PWH was significantly higher than that in HIV-negative individuals (value of p = 0.004). In PWH, the median log10 of EBV viral load was 4.25 copies/ml (IQR: 3.83-4.47) in EBV genotype 1 and higher than EBV genotype 2 and mixed infection (p = 0.032). Conclusion In Ethiopia, EBV genotype 1 was found to be the most predominant genotype, followed by EBV genotype 2. Understanding the genotype characterization of EBV in PWH is essential for developing new and innovative strategies for preventing and treating EBV-related complications in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kidist Zealiyas
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Seifegebriel Teshome
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aklilu Feleke Haile
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Ayinalem Alemu
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wondwossen Amogne
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Getnet Yimer
- Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Department of Genetics, Penn Center for Global Genomics & Health Equity, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tamrat Abebe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Nega Berhe
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Elshafa Hassan Ahmed
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Robert A. Baiocchi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
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4
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Teshome S, Zealiyas K, Abubeker A, Tadesse F, Balakrishna J, Weigel C, Abebe T, Ahmed EH, Baiocchi RA. Detection and Quantification of the Epstein-Barr Virus in Lymphoma Patients from Ethiopia: Molecular and Serological Approaches. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2606. [PMID: 37894264 PMCID: PMC10608904 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a known oncogenic virus associated with various lymphoma subtypes throughout the world. However, there is a lack of information regarding EBV prevalence in lymphoma patients, specifically in Ethiopia. This study aimed to investigate the presence of the EBV and determine its viral load in lymphoma patients from Ethiopia using molecular and serological approaches. Lymphoma patient samples were collected from the Ethiopian population. DNA and serum samples were extracted and subjected to molecular detection methods, including quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis targeting the EBNA1 gene. Serological analyses were performed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect EBV viral capsid antigen IgG antibodies. EBV DNA was detected in 99% of lymphoma patients using qPCR, and serological analyses showed EBV presence in 96% of cases. A high EBV viral load (>10,000 EBV copies/mL) was observed in 56.3% of patients. The presence of high EBV viral loads was observed in 59.3% of HL patients and 54.8% of NHL patients. This study provides important insights into the prevalence and viral load of the EBV among lymphoma patients in Ethiopia. The findings contribute to the limited knowledge in this area and can serve as a foundation for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seifegebriel Teshome
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia; (S.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Kidist Zealiyas
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI), Addis Ababa 1242, Ethiopia;
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Ethiopia
| | - Abdulaziz Abubeker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia; (A.A.); (F.T.)
| | - Fisihatsion Tadesse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia; (A.A.); (F.T.)
| | - Jayalakshmi Balakrishna
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tamrat Abebe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia; (S.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Elshafa Hassan Ahmed
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Robert A. Baiocchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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5
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Teshome S, Ahmed EH, Zealiyas K, Abubeker A, Tadesse F, Weigel C, Baiocchi RA, Abebe T. Genotypes Distribution of Epstein-Barr Virus among Lymphoma Patients in Ethiopia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13891. [PMID: 37762195 PMCID: PMC10531361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an oncogenic herpes virus associated with several human malignancies. Two main EBV genotypes (type 1 and type 2) distinguished by the differences in EBV nuclear antigens are known. Geographic variability in these genetic differences has been observed in the incidence of some EBV-related tumors. Here, we investigated the genetic variation of EBV in lymphoma specimens collected in Ethiopia. A total of 207 DNA samples were used for EBV detection and typing, and EBNA1 and EBNA3C genes were used to detect and subtype the EBV genome, respectively. EBV genotype 1 was detected in 52.2% of lymphoma patients. EBV genotype 2 was detected in 38.2% of the lymphoma patients, and 9.7% were coinfected by both EBV genotypes. Overall, 52.8% of the Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients and 51.8% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients showed the presence of genotype 1. Meanwhile, 42.8% and 2.3% of HL patients and 35.8% and 12.4% of NHL patients showed EBV genotype 2 and both genotypes, respectively. Significant associations between the age groups and EBV genotypes were observed (p = 0.027). However, no significant association was seen between EBV genotypes and other sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. This study showed that the distribution of EBV genotype 1 was higher in Ethiopian lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seifegebriel Teshome
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia;
| | - Elshafa Hassan Ahmed
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (E.H.A.); (C.W.)
| | - Kidist Zealiyas
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI), Addis Ababa 1242, Ethiopia;
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Ethiopia
| | - Abdulaziz Abubeker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia; (A.A.); (F.T.)
| | - Fisihatsion Tadesse
- Department of Internal Medicine, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia; (A.A.); (F.T.)
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (E.H.A.); (C.W.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Robert A. Baiocchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (E.H.A.); (C.W.)
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tamrat Abebe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia;
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Sloan SL, Brown F, Long M, Weigel C, Koirala S, Chung JH, Pray B, Villagomez L, Hinterschied C, Sircar A, Helmig-Mason J, Prouty A, Brooks E, Youssef Y, Hanel W, Parekh S, Chan WK, Chen Z, Lapalombella R, Sehgal L, Vaddi K, Scherle P, Chen-Kiang S, Di Liberto M, Elemento O, Meydan C, Foox J, Butler D, Mason CE, Baiocchi RA, Alinari L. PRMT5 supports multiple oncogenic pathways in mantle cell lymphoma. Blood 2023; 142:887-902. [PMID: 37267517 PMCID: PMC10517215 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022019419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable B-cell malignancy with an overall poor prognosis, particularly for patients that progress on targeted therapies. Novel, more durable treatment options are needed for patients with MCL. Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) is overexpressed in MCL and plays an important oncogenic role in this disease via epigenetic and posttranslational modification of cell cycle regulators, DNA repair genes, components of prosurvival pathways, and RNA splicing regulators. The mechanism of targeting PRMT5 in MCL remains incompletely characterized. Here, we report on the antitumor activity of PRMT5 inhibition in MCL using integrated transcriptomics of in vitro and in vivo models of MCL. Treatment with a selective small-molecule inhibitor of PRMT5, PRT-382, led to growth arrest and cell death and provided a therapeutic benefit in xenografts derived from patients with MCL. Transcriptional reprograming upon PRMT5 inhibition led to restored regulatory activity of the cell cycle (p-RB/E2F), apoptotic cell death (p53-dependent/p53-independent), and activation of negative regulators of B-cell receptor-PI3K/AKT signaling (PHLDA3, PTPROt, and PIK3IP1). We propose pharmacologic inhibition of PRMT5 for patients with relapsed/refractory MCL and identify MTAP/CDKN2A deletion and wild-type TP53 as biomarkers that predict a favorable response. Selective targeting of PRMT5 has significant activity in preclinical models of MCL and warrants further investigation in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby L. Sloan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Fiona Brown
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Mackenzie Long
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Shirsha Koirala
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ji-Hyun Chung
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Betsy Pray
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Lynda Villagomez
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University and Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH
| | - Claire Hinterschied
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Anuvrat Sircar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - JoBeth Helmig-Mason
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Alexander Prouty
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Eric Brooks
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Youssef Youssef
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Walter Hanel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Samir Parekh
- Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Wing Keung Chan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Zhengming Chen
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health Sciences, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Rosa Lapalombella
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Lalit Sehgal
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | | | | | - Selina Chen-Kiang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Maurizio Di Liberto
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Cem Meydan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jonathan Foox
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Daniel Butler
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Christopher E. Mason
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Computational Biomedicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Robert A. Baiocchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Lapo Alinari
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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7
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Zealiyas K, Teshome S, Berhe N, Amogne W, Haile AF, Abate E, Yimer G, Weigel C, Ahmed EH, Abebe T, Baiocchi R. The Burden of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Its Determinants among Adult HIV-Positive Individuals in Ethiopia. Viruses 2023; 15:1743. [PMID: 37632085 PMCID: PMC10458830 DOI: 10.3390/v15081743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a well-known risk factor for the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), and Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). People with HIV infection (PWH) are at increased risk for EBV-associated malignancies such as HL and NHL. Nevertheless, there are limited data on the burden of EBV among this population group in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to determine the burden of EBV infection among adult HIV-positive individuals in Ethiopia and assess the determinants of EBV DNA positivity. We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Tikur Anbessa Specialised Hospital from March 2020 to March 2021. Two hundred and sixty individuals were enrolled in this study, including 179 HIV-positive and 81 HIV-negative individuals. A structured questionnaire was used to capture demographic and individual attributes. In addition, the clinical data of patients were also retrieved from clinical records. EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA) IgG antibody was measured by multiplex flow immunoassay, and EBV DNA levels were tested by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR) assays targeting the EBNA-1 open reading frame (ORF). Descriptive statistics were conducted to assess each study variable. A multivariable logistic regression model was applied to evaluate the determinants of EBV infection. Statistical significance was determined at a p-value < 0.05. Two hundred and fifty-three (97.7%) study participants were seropositive for the EBV VCA IgG antibody. Disaggregated by HIV status, 99.4% of HIV-positive and 93.8% of HIV-negative participants were EBV seropositive. In this study, 49.7% of HIV-positive and 24.7% of HIV-negative individuals were EBV DNA positive. PWH had a higher risk of EBV DNA positivity at 3.05 times (AOR: 3.05, 95% CI: 1.40-6.67). Moreover, among PWH, those with an HIV viral load greater than 1000 RNA copies/mL (AOR = 5.81, 95% CI = 1.40, 24.13) had a higher likelihood of EBV DNA positivity. The prevalence of EBV among PWH was significantly higher than among HIV-negative individuals. Higher HIV viral loads in PWH were associated with an increased risk of EBV DNA positivity. Since the increases in the viral load of EBV DNA among PWH could be related to the risk of developing EBV-associated cancers, it is necessary for more research on the role of EBV in EBV-associated cancer in this population group to be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kidist Zealiyas
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Ethiopia; (K.Z.); (N.B.); (A.F.H.)
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa 1242, Ethiopia
| | - Seifegebriel Teshome
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia; (S.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Nega Berhe
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Ethiopia; (K.Z.); (N.B.); (A.F.H.)
| | - Wondwossen Amogne
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia;
| | - Aklilu Feleke Haile
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1176, Ethiopia; (K.Z.); (N.B.); (A.F.H.)
| | - Ebba Abate
- Global One Health Initiative, Addis Ababa 1000, Ethiopia;
| | - Getnet Yimer
- Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia;
- Center for Global Genomics and Health Equity, Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Elshafa Hassan Ahmed
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Tamrat Abebe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia; (S.T.); (T.A.)
| | - Robert Baiocchi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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8
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Ahmed EH, Lustberg M, Hale C, Sloan S, Mao C, Zhang X, Ozer HG, Schlotter S, Smith PL, Jeney F, Chan WK, Harrington BK, Weigel C, Brooks E, Klimaszewski HL, Oakes CC, Abebe T, Ibrahim ME, Alinari L, Behbehani GK, Shindiapina P, Caligiuri MA, Baiocchi RA. Follicular Helper and Regulatory T Cells Drive the Development of Spontaneous Epstein-Barr Virus Lymphoproliferative Disorder. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15113046. [PMID: 37297008 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15113046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous herpes virus associated with various cancers. EBV establishes latency with life-long persistence in memory B-cells and can reactivate lytic infection placing immunocompromised individuals at risk for EBV-driven lymphoproliferative disorders (EBV-LPD). Despite the ubiquity of EBV, only a small percentage of immunocompromised patients (~20%) develop EBV-LPD. Engraftment of immunodeficient mice with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy EBV-seropositive donors leads to spontaneous, malignant, human B-cell EBV-LPD. Only about 20% of EBV+ donors induce EBV-LPD in 100% of engrafted mice (High-Incidence, HI), while another 20% of donors never generate EBV-LPD (No-Incidence, NI). Here, we report HI donors to have significantly higher basal T follicular helper (Tfh) and regulatory T-cells (Treg), and depletion of these subsets prevents/delays EBV-LPD. Transcriptomic analysis of CD4+ T cells from ex vivo HI donor PBMC revealed amplified cytokine and inflammatory gene signatures. HI vs. NI donors showed a marked reduction in IFNγ production to EBV latent and lytic antigen stimulation. In addition, we observed abundant myeloid-derived suppressor cells in HI donor PBMC that decreased CTL proliferation in co-cultures with autologous EBV+ lymphoblasts. Our findings identify potential biomarkers that may identify individuals at risk for EBV-LPD and suggest possible strategies for prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elshafa Hassan Ahmed
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Mark Lustberg
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Claire Hale
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shelby Sloan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Charlene Mao
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics/Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hatice Gulcin Ozer
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Sarah Schlotter
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Porsha L Smith
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Frankie Jeney
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Wing Keung Chan
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Bonnie K Harrington
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Eric Brooks
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Christopher C Oakes
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tamrat Abebe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Parasitology, School of Medicine Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa AB1000, Ethiopia
| | - Muntaser E Ibrahim
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11111, Sudan
| | - Lapo Alinari
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gregory K Behbehani
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Polina Shindiapina
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | - Robert A Baiocchi
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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9
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Valentine MS, Weigel C, Kamga Gninzeko F, Tho C, Gräler MH, Reynolds AM, Spiegel S, Heise RL. S1P lyase inhibition prevents lung injury following high pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation in aging mice. Exp Gerontol 2023; 173:112074. [PMID: 36566871 PMCID: PMC9975034 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ventilator-induced Lung Injury (VILI) is characterized by hypoxia, inflammatory cytokine influx, loss of alveolar barrier integrity, and decreased lung compliance. Aging influences lung structure and function and is a predictive factor in the severity of VILI; however, the mechanisms of aging that influence the progression or increased susceptibility remain unknown. Aging impacts immune system function and may increase inflammation in healthy individuals. Recent studies suggest that the bioactive sphingolipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and the enzyme that degrades it S1P lyase (SPL) may be involved in lung pathologies including acute lung injury. It is unknown whether aging influences S1P and SPL expression that have been implicated in lung inflammation, injury, and cell apoptosis. We hypothesized that aging and injurious mechanical ventilation synergistically impair S1P levels and enhance S1P lyase (SPL) expression that amplifies alveolar barrier damage and diminishes pulmonary function. Young (2-3 mo) and old (20-25 mo) C57BL/6 mice were mechanically ventilated for 2 h using pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation (PCMV) at 45 cmH2O and 35 cmH2O, respectively. We assessed the impact of aging and PCMV on several indications of acute lung injury, immune cell recruitment, S1P levels and SPL activity. Furthermore, we evaluated the protective effects of inhibiting SPL by tetrahydroxybutylimidazol (THI) administration on the negative outcomes associated with aging and mechanical injury. PCMV exacerbated lung injury in old mice and increased neutrophil influx that was further exacerbated due to aging. SPL expression increased in the young and old ventilated mice and the old nonventilated group. THI treatment reduced several of the indicators of lung injury and resulted in elevated S1P levels in lung tissue and plasma from mice that were injured from mechanical ventilation. CD80 and CD206 activation markers of alveolar and interstitial macrophages were also influenced by THI. SPL inhibition may be a viable therapeutic approach for patients requiring mechanical ventilation by preventing or regulating the exaggerated inflammatory response and reducing lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Valentine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States of America
| | - C Weigel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States of America
| | - F Kamga Gninzeko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States of America
| | - C Tho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States of America
| | - M H Gräler
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Center for Molecular Biomedicine (CMB) and Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - A M Reynolds
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States of America
| | - S Spiegel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States of America
| | - R L Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, United States of America.
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10
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Azizy R, Otto H, König J, Schreier D, Weigel C, Cierpka C, Strehle S. A microfluidic magnetohydrodynamic pump based on a thermally bonded composite of glass and dry film photoresist. Micro and Nano Engineering 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mne.2023.100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
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11
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Merchand-Reyes G, Santhanam R, Robledo-Avila FH, Weigel C, Ruiz-Rosado JDD, Mo X, Partida-Sánchez S, Woyach JA, Oakes CC, Tridandapani S, Butchar JP. Disruption of Nurse-like Cell Differentiation as a Therapeutic Strategy for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. J Immunol 2022; 209:1212-1223. [PMID: 35995507 PMCID: PMC9492647 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common adult leukemia, but, despite advances in treatment, many patients still experience relapse. CLL cells depend on interactions with supportive cells, and nurse-like cells (NLCs) are the major such cell type. However, little is known about how NLCs develop. Here, we performed DNA methylation analysis of CLL patient-derived NLCs using the 850K Illumina array, comparing CD14+ cells at day 1 (monocytes) versus day 14 (NLCs). We found a strong loss of methylation in AP-1 transcription factor binding sites, which may be driven by MAPK signaling. Testing of individual MAPK pathways (MEK, p38, and JNK) revealed a strong dependence on MEK/ERK for NLC development, because treatment of patient samples with the MEK inhibitor trametinib dramatically reduced NLC development in vitro. Using the adoptive transfer Eµ-TCL1 mouse model of CLL, we found that MEK inhibition slowed CLL progression, leading to lower WBC counts and to significantly longer survival time. There were also lower numbers of mouse macrophages, particularly within the M2-like population. In summary, NLC development depends on MEK signaling, and inhibition of MEK leads to increased survival time in vivo. Hence, targeting the MEK/ERK pathway may be an effective treatment strategy for CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramasamy Santhanam
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Christoph Weigel
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Xiaokui Mo
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Jennifer A Woyach
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | - Christopher C Oakes
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Jonathan P Butchar
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH;
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12
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Reyes GM, Santhanam R, Avila FHR, Weigel C, Rosado JDR, Mo X, Sanchez SP, Woyach JA, Oakes CC, Tridandapani S, Butchar JP. Abstract LB050: Targeting cells in the microenvironment as a novel therapeutic strategy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-lb050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disease that affects the elderly, characterized by the accumulation of mature B cells in the bloodstream. With an estimation incidence of 21,250 new cases diagnosed and 4,320 deaths for 2021, CLL is still considered a non-curable disease despite the wide therapeutic alternatives. CLL, like other malignant diseases, involves the activity of different cells in the microenvironment that support the leukemic cells by providing survival signals, even in presence of therapeutic agents. Among these cells, nurse-like cells (NLC) are of great importance. NLCs are M2-like macrophages known to be developed from blood monocytes, which need close contact with CLL cells for both their differentiation and their protective function. They provide multiple survival signals to CLL cells, and protect them against agents like the BTK inhibitor ibrutinib. Despite their relevance, little research has been done to elucidate the program that drives NLC differentiation. Here, we addressed this question by looking at the DNA methylation signatures before and after NLC differentiation. We found that NLC differentiation produced a marked DNA hypomethylation when compared to freshly isolated monocytes, characterized by the enrichment in AP-1 transcription binding sites. AP-1 is known to be regulated by MAP kinases, so we decided to chemically inhibit these pathways and found that specific MEK inhibition lead to reduced numbers of NLCs in vitro. Further studies showed that indeed NLCs have an activated MEK signaling as seen by the basal phosphorylation of ERK in vitro by confocal microscopy. We then used the adoptive transfer Eµ-TCL1 mice model to seek the effect of MEK inhibition in vivo. By treating the mice with trametinib, an FDA-approved MEK inhibitor, we found an increase in mouse survival when compared with the vehicle control. In addition, we observed a reduced number of monocyte/macrophage populations, especially in those expressing EGR2, a known M2 marker, suggesting that MEK inhibition causes a disruption in CLL-supportive macrophages both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, we observed that NLC differentiation strongly depends on the MEK signaling pathway, and that its inhibition leads to reduced myeloid supportive cells for CLL cells, followed by a reduced leukemic progression and increased CLL survival in vivo. Thus, we propose that MEK inhibition could be a potential therapeutic alternative for CLL. Further research is ongoing to determine how MEK signaling is activated during NLC differentiation.
Citation Format: Giovanna Merchand Reyes, Ramasamy Santhanam, Frank H. Robledo Avila, Christoph Weigel, Juan D. Ruiz Rosado, Xiaokui Mo, Santiago Partida Sanchez, Jennifer A. Woyach, Christopher C. Oakes, Susheela Tridandapani, Jonathan P. Butchar. Targeting cells in the microenvironment as a novel therapeutic strategy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr LB050.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xiaokui Mo
- 1The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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13
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Abdul-Aziz A, Weigel C, Kovacs A, Wu YZ, Byrd J, Hertlein E, Oakes C. P381: DNA METHYLATION PROFILING OF MESENCHYMAL STROMAL CELLS ISOLATED FROM FEMURAL HEAD BONE MARROW VERSUS BONE MARROW ASPIRATES: RELEVANCE FOR AML STUDY BASED CONTROLS. Hemasphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/01.hs9.0000844412.76518.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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14
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Mundy-Bosse BL, Weigel C, Wu YZ, Abdelbaky S, Youssef Y, Casas SB, Polley N, Ernst G, Young KA, McConnell KK, Nalin AP, Wu KG, Broughton M, Lordo MR, Altynova E, Hegewisch-Solloa E, Enriquez-Vera DY, Dueñas D, Barrionuevo C, Yu SC, Saleem A, Suarez CJ, Briercheck EL, Molina-Kirsch H, Loughran TP, Weichenhan D, Plass C, Reneau JC, Mace EM, Gamboa FV, Weinstock DM, Natkunam Y, Caligiuri MA, Mishra A, Porcu P, Baiocchi RA, Brammer JE, Freud AG, Oakes CC. Identification and targeting of the developmental blockade in extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma. Blood Cancer Discov 2022; 3:154-169. [PMID: 35247900 PMCID: PMC9414823 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-21-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is an aggressive, rare lymphoma of natural killer (NK) cell origin with poor clinical outcomes. Here we used phenotypic and molecular profiling, including epigenetic analyses, to investigate how ENKTL ontogeny relates to normal NK-cell development. We demonstrate that neoplastic NK cells are stably, but reversibly, arrested at earlier stages of NK-cell maturation. Genes downregulated in the most epigenetic immature tumors were associated with polycomb silencing along with genomic gain and overexpression of EZH2. ENKTL cells exhibited genome-wide DNA hypermethylation. Tumor-specific DNA methylation gains were associated with polycomb-marked regions, involving extensive gene silencing and loss of transcription factor binding. To investigate therapeutic targeting, we treated novel patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of ENKTL with the DNA hypomethylating agent, 5-azacytidine. Treatment led to reexpression of NK-cell developmental genes, phenotypic NK-cell differentiation, and prolongation of survival. These studies lay the foundation for epigenetic-directed therapy in ENKTL. SIGNIFICANCE Through epigenetic and transcriptomic analyses of ENKTL, a rare, aggressive malignancy, along with normal NK-cell developmental intermediates, we identified that extreme DNA hypermethylation targets genes required for NK-cell development. Disrupting this epigenetic blockade in novel PDX models led to ENKTL differentiation and improved survival. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 85.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany L. Mundy-Bosse
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Corresponding Authors: Bethany L. Mundy-Bosse, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, 882 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: 614-688-6564; E-mail: ; Aharon G. Freud, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, 892 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: 614-293-7904; E-mail: ; and Christopher C. Oakes, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, 455 OSU CCC/Wiseman Hall, 410 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: 614-685-9284; E-mail:
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Yue-Zhong Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Salma Abdelbaky
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Youssef Youssef
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Susana Beceiro Casas
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nicholas Polley
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Gabrielle Ernst
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Karen A. Young
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kathleen K. McConnell
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ansel P. Nalin
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Kevin G. Wu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Megan Broughton
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Matthew R. Lordo
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ekaterina Altynova
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Everardo Hegewisch-Solloa
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | | | - Daniela Dueñas
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasticas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Shan-Chi Yu
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Atif Saleem
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Carlos J. Suarez
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Edward L. Briercheck
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Institute and the University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Thomas P. Loughran
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Dieter Weichenhan
- Division of Epigenomics, The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Plass
- Division of Epigenomics, The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John C. Reneau
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Emily M. Mace
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Fabiola Valvert Gamboa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Liga Nacional Contra el Cáncer, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - David M. Weinstock
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yasodha Natkunam
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Michael A. Caligiuri
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Anjali Mishra
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pierluigi Porcu
- Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert A. Baiocchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jonathan E. Brammer
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Aharon G. Freud
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Corresponding Authors: Bethany L. Mundy-Bosse, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, 882 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: 614-688-6564; E-mail: ; Aharon G. Freud, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, 892 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: 614-293-7904; E-mail: ; and Christopher C. Oakes, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, 455 OSU CCC/Wiseman Hall, 410 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: 614-685-9284; E-mail:
| | - Christopher C. Oakes
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center, The James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
- Corresponding Authors: Bethany L. Mundy-Bosse, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, 882 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: 614-688-6564; E-mail: ; Aharon G. Freud, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, 892 Biomedical Research Tower, 460 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: 614-293-7904; E-mail: ; and Christopher C. Oakes, The Ohio State University James Comprehensive Cancer Center, 455 OSU CCC/Wiseman Hall, 410 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210. Phone: 614-685-9284; E-mail:
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15
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Masle-Farquhar E, Peters TJ, Miosge LA, Parish IA, Weigel C, Oakes CC, Reed JH, Goodnow CC. Uncontrolled CD21low age-associated and B1 B cell accumulation caused by failure of an EGR2/3 tolerance checkpoint. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.110259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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16
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Lordo MR, Wu KG, Altynova E, Shilo N, Kronen P, Nalin AP, Weigel C, Zhang X, Yu J, Oakes CC, Caligiuri MA, Freud AG, Mundy-Bosse BL. Acute Myeloid Leukemia Alters Group 1 Innate Lymphoid Cell Differentiation from a Common Precursor. J Immunol 2021; 207:1672-1682. [PMID: 34417259 PMCID: PMC8429221 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
NK cells are known to be developmentally blocked and functionally inhibited in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), resulting in poor clinical outcomes. In this study, we demonstrate that whereas NK cells are inhibited, closely related type 1 innate lymphoid cells (ILC1s) are enriched in the bone marrow of leukemic mice and in patients with AML. Because NK cells and ILC1s share a common precursor (ILCP), we asked if AML acts on the ILCP to alter developmental potential. A combination of ex vivo and in vivo studies revealed that AML skewing of the ILCP toward ILC1s and away from NK cells represented a major mechanism of ILC1 generation. This process was driven by AML-mediated activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), a key transcription factor in ILCs, as inhibition of AHR led to decreased numbers of ILC1s and increased NK cells in the presence of AML. These results demonstrate a mechanism of ILC developmental skewing in AML and support further preclinical study of AHR inhibition in restoring normal NK cell development and function in the setting of AML.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Azo Compounds/pharmacology
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/agonists
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/antagonists & inhibitors
- Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Bone Marrow/immunology
- Carbazoles/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation/drug effects
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cells, Cultured
- Disease Models, Animal
- Female
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/blood
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Lymphocyte Count
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Pyrazoles/pharmacology
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/agonists
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/metabolism
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Lordo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Kevin G Wu
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | | | - Nikolas Shilo
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Parker Kronen
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ansel P Nalin
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Center for Biostatistics/Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Jianhua Yu
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Christopher C Oakes
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH; and
| | | | - Aharon G Freud
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH;
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
| | - Bethany L Mundy-Bosse
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH;
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH; and
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17
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Koenig MJ, Agana BA, Kaufman JM, Sharpnack MF, Wang WZ, Weigel C, Navarro FCP, Amann JM, Cacciato N, Arasada RR, Gerstein MB, Wysocki VH, Oakes C, Carbone DP. STK11/LKB1 Loss of Function Is Associated with Global DNA Hypomethylation and S-Adenosyl-Methionine Depletion in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4194-4204. [PMID: 34045189 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STK11 (liver kinase B1, LKB1) is the fourth most frequently mutated gene in lung adenocarcinoma, with loss of function observed in up to 30% of all cases. Our previous work identified a 16-gene signature for LKB1 loss of function through mutational and nonmutational mechanisms. In this study, we applied this genetic signature to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) lung adenocarcinoma samples and discovered a novel association between LKB1 loss and widespread DNA demethylation. LKB1-deficient tumors showed depletion of S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM-e), which is the primary substrate for DNMT1 activity. Lower methylation following LKB1 loss involved repetitive elements (RE) and altered RE transcription, as well as decreased sensitivity to azacytidine. Demethylated CpGs were enriched for FOXA family consensus binding sites, and nuclear expression, localization, and turnover of FOXA was dependent upon LKB1. Overall, these findings demonstrate that a large number of lung adenocarcinomas exhibit global hypomethylation driven by LKB1 loss, which has implications for both epigenetic therapy and immunotherapy in these cancers. SIGNIFICANCE: Lung adenocarcinomas with LKB1 loss demonstrate global genomic hypomethylation associated with depletion of SAM-e, reduced expression of DNMT1, and increased transcription of repetitive elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Koenig
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Bernice A Agana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jacob M Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Walter Z Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fabio C P Navarro
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joseph M Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nicole Cacciato
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Mark B Gerstein
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Vicki H Wysocki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christopher Oakes
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David P Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
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18
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Oliveira Paiva AM, van Eijk E, Friggen AH, Weigel C, Smits WK. Identification of the Unwinding Region in the Clostridioides difficile Chromosomal Origin of Replication. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:581401. [PMID: 33133049 PMCID: PMC7561715 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.581401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Faithful DNA replication is crucial for viability of cells across all kingdoms. Targeting DNA replication is a viable strategy for inhibition of bacterial pathogens. Clostridioides difficile is an important enteropathogen that causes potentially fatal intestinal inflammation. Knowledge about DNA replication in this organism is limited and no data is available on the very first steps of DNA replication. Here, we use a combination of in silico predictions and in vitro experiments to demonstrate that C. difficile employs a bipartite origin of replication that shows DnaA-dependent melting at oriC2, located in the dnaA-dnaN intergenic region. Analysis of putative origins of replication in different clostridia suggests that the main features of the origin architecture are conserved. This study is the first to characterize aspects of the origin region of C. difficile and contributes to our understanding of the initiation of DNA replication in clostridia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M Oliveira Paiva
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Centre for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Erika van Eijk
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Annemieke H Friggen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Wiep Klaas Smits
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Section Experimental Bacteriology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,Centre for Microbial Cell Biology, Leiden, Netherlands
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19
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Krosschell K, Brown L, Hoffman K, Weigel C, Munson H, Bidwell J, DiDonato C, Kuntz N, Rao V. SMA: REGISTRIES, BIOMARKERS & OUTCOME MEASURES. Neuromuscul Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2020.08.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Reyes GM, Santhanam R, Weigel C, Woyach J, Tridandapani S, Oakes C, Butchar JP. Elucidating nurse-like cell development as a new therapeutic strategy for chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.163.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common adult leukemia, with the NIH estimating 20,720 new cases and 3,930 deaths in 2019. Despite advances in treatment, some patients still relapse (eg. up to 10 to 18% of ibrutinib-treated patients). CLL cells depend on interactions with supportive cells for survival, and nurse-like cells (NLCs) are the major such cell type. However, little is known about how NLCs develop. Thus, our objective is to elucidate NLC development for the purpose of identifying novel therapeutic targets that may aid in the treatment of CLL.
We examined DNA methylation patterns of NLCs and found unusually strong MAPK and AP-1 transcription factor signatures. qPCR showed upregulation of MAF, MAFF and JUN in NLCs, supporting this epigenetics analysis. To test the role of the high MAPK signature we treated NLC cultures with inhibitors of Mek, p38 or Jnk. Results showed that Mek inhibition dramatically reduced NLC development. Of note, we did not detect phosphorylated Erk in CLL cells within treated or control cultures, suggesting that the Mek inhibitor acted directly against the CD14+-derived cells. We then tested Mek inhibition in vivo with the Eμ-TCL1 mouse model of CLL and found that it led to significantly longer survival time and lower white-blood-cell counts.
In conclusion, we found that NLC development is dependent on Mek signaling and that Mek inhibition extends survival in vivo. This suggests that targeting the Mek/Erk pathway may be an effective treatment strategy for CLL.
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21
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Sperlea T, Muth L, Martin R, Weigel C, Waldminghaus T, Heider D. gammaBOriS: Identification and Taxonomic Classification of Origins of Replication in Gammaproteobacteria using Motif-based Machine Learning. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6727. [PMID: 32317695 PMCID: PMC7174414 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63424-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The biology of bacterial cells is, in general, based on information encoded on circular chromosomes. Regulation of chromosome replication is an essential process that mostly takes place at the origin of replication (oriC), a locus unique per chromosome. Identification of high numbers of oriC is a prerequisite for systematic studies that could lead to insights into oriC functioning as well as the identification of novel drug targets for antibiotic development. Current methods for identifying oriC sequences rely on chromosome-wide nucleotide disparities and are therefore limited to fully sequenced genomes, leaving a large number of genomic fragments unstudied. Here, we present gammaBOriS (Gammaproteobacterial oriC Searcher), which identifies oriC sequences on gammaproteobacterial chromosomal fragments. It does so by employing motif-based machine learning methods. Using gammaBOriS, we created BOriS DB, which currently contains 25,827 gammaproteobacterial oriC sequences from 1,217 species, thus making it the largest available database for oriC sequences to date. Furthermore, we present gammaBOriTax, a machine-learning based approach for taxonomic classification of oriC sequences, which was trained on the sequences in BOriS DB. Finally, we extracted the motifs relevant for identification and classification decisions of the models. Our results suggest that machine learning sequence classification approaches can offer great support in functional motif identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodor Sperlea
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, D-35032, Marburg, Lahn, Germany
| | - Lea Muth
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, D-35032, Marburg, Lahn, Germany
| | - Roman Martin
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, D-35032, Marburg, Lahn, Germany
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty III, Technische Universität Berlin (TUB), Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Waldminghaus
- Chromosome Biology Group, LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Philipps-Universität Marburg, D-35043, Marburg, Lahn, Germany
| | - Dominik Heider
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Str. 6, D-35032, Marburg, Lahn, Germany.
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22
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Płachetka M, Żyła-Uklejewicz D, Weigel C, Donczew R, Donczew M, Jakimowicz D, Zawilak-Pawlik A, Zakrzewska-Czerwinska J. Streptomycete origin of chromosomal replication with two putative unwinding elements. Microbiology (Reading) 2019; 165:1365-1375. [PMID: 31592764 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
DNA replication is controlled mostly at the initiation step. In bacteria, replication of the chromosome starts at a single origin of replication called oriC. The initiator protein, DnaA, binds to specific sequences (DnaA boxes) within oriC and assembles into a filament that promotes DNA double helix opening within the DNA unwinding element (DUE). This process has been thoroughly examined in model bacteria, including Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, but we have a relatively limited understanding of chromosomal replication initiation in other species. Here, we reveal new details of DNA replication initiation in Streptomyces, a group of Gram-positive soil bacteria that possesses a long linear (8-10 Mbps) and GC-rich chromosome with a centrally positioned oriC. We used comprehensive in silico, in vitro and in vivo analyses to better characterize the structure of Streptomyces oriC. We identified 14 DnaA-binding motifs and determined the consensus sequence of the DnaA box. Unexpectedly, our in silico analysis using the WebSIDD algorithm revealed the presence of two putative Streptomyces DUEs (DUE1 and DUE2) located very near one another toward the 5' end of the oriC region. In vitro P1 nuclease assay revealed that DNA unwinding occurs at both of the proposed sites, but using an in vivo replication initiation point mapping, we were able to confirm only one of them (DUE2). The previously observed transcriptional activity of the Streptomyces oriC region may help explain the current results. We speculate that transcription itself could modulate oriC activity in Streptomyces by determining whether DNA unwinding occurs at DUE1 or DUE2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Płachetka
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Żyła-Uklejewicz
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty III, Technical University Berlin (TUB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Rafał Donczew
- Present address: Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Donczew
- Present address: Center for Infectious Disease, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dagmara Jakimowicz
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Zawilak-Pawlik
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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23
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Weigel C, Mundy-Bosse BL, Wu YZ, McConnell K, Mishra A, Caligiuri MA, Baiocchi RA, Natkunam Y, Porcu P, Brammer J, Freud AG, Oakes CC. Abstract LB-102: Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) exhibits an unprecedented degree of global DNA hypermethylation, providing a potent targeted therapy in vivo. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2019-lb-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a rare aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that is uniformly EBV-positive. Despite the implementation of combinatorial chemotherapies, almost all patients with advanced ENKTL die of their disease. The rational identification of potential novel therapeutic targets in ENKTL would be greatly aided by a more complete understanding of its molecular pathogenesis. We have identified atypical NK cell populations in untreated ENKTL patient samples. These atypical NK cells consistently showed an undifferentiated immunophenotype reminiscent of immature NK developmental stages. As cellular differentiation depends on epigenetic modifications and EBV is known to disrupt epigenetic patterns, we performed genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of ENKTL tumors (n=31 patients) using Illumina MethylationEPIC BeadChip arrays. We uncovered an unprecedented degree of epigenetic dysregulation in ENKTL, primarily involving extensive DNA hypermethylation. In the majority of ENKTL cases, greater than 50% of all CpG islands were hypermethylated, thus representing the most hypermethylated tumor type identified relative to available pan-cancer data (TCGA). In order to explore strategies to target the aberrant DNA hypermethylation in ENKTL, we exposed ENKTL cell lines YT and NK-92 to the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (5-aza). We observed an unusually high sensitivity of ENKTL cell lines to 5-aza when compared to various other hematologic cancer cell lines, including several EBV-positive lymphoma lines. Hypomethylating agents altered DNA methylation at gene promoters and led to re-expression of epigenetically-silenced tumor suppressor genes in ENKTL cells. We also found synergistic inhibition of in vitro cell growth when combining 5-aza with the standard-of-care chemotherapeutic agents oxaliplatin and gemcitabine. Finally, through engraftment of primary ENKTL patient tumor cells, we have established a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) ENKTL mouse model. In this model, treatment with 5-aza resulted in profound cytoreduction, phenotypic and molecular differentiation of ENKTL cells, as well as significantly prolonged survival. In summary, we report massive, widespread DNA hypermethylation in ENKTL that exceeds the degree of hypermethylation found in other profiled cancers, including other EBV-positive malignancies. We hypothesize that epigenetic dysregulation plays a central role in ENKTL and rational targeting with epigenetic therapies may provide therapeutic benefit to patients. Our ongoing studies aim to identify the optimal epigenetic therapy and potential synergy with chemotherapy in preclinical models, thus providing the basis for novel treatments for ENKTL.
Citation Format: Christoph Weigel, Bethany L. Mundy-Bosse, Yue-Zhong Wu, Kathleen McConnell, Anjali Mishra, Michael A. Caligiuri, Robert A. Baiocchi, Yaso Natkunam, Pierluigi Porcu, Jonathan Brammer, Aharon G. Freud, Christopher C. Oakes. Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (ENKTL) exhibits an unprecedented degree of global DNA hypermethylation, providing a potent targeted therapy in vivo [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2019; 2019 Mar 29-Apr 3; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-102.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Weigel
- 1Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Bethany L. Mundy-Bosse
- 1Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Yue-Zhong Wu
- 1Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Kathleen McConnell
- 1Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Anjali Mishra
- 2Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Michael A. Caligiuri
- 3Department of Hematology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Robert A. Baiocchi
- 1Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Yaso Natkunam
- 4Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Pierluigi Porcu
- 2Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jonathan Brammer
- 1Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Aharon G. Freud
- 5Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Christopher C. Oakes
- 1Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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24
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Brammer J, Shindiapina P, Freud A, Weigel C, Oakes C, Mishra A, Mundy-Bosse B, Porcu P, Baiocchi R. CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV)-POSITIVE NON-B CELL LYMPHOMA AT THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY JAMES COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTER (OSU JAMES CCC). Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.155_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.E. Brammer
- Hematology; The Ohio State University James Cancer Center; Columbus United States
| | - P. Shindiapina
- Hematology; The Ohio State University James Cancer Center; Columbus United States
| | - A. Freud
- Hematology; The Ohio State University James Cancer Center; Columbus United States
| | - C. Weigel
- Hematology; The Ohio State University James Cancer Center; Columbus United States
| | - C. Oakes
- Hematology; The Ohio State University James Cancer Center; Columbus United States
| | - A. Mishra
- Oncology; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia United States
| | - B. Mundy-Bosse
- Hematology; The Ohio State University James Cancer Center; Columbus United States
| | - P. Porcu
- Oncology; Thomas Jefferson University; Philadelphia United States
| | - R. Baiocchi
- Hematology; The Ohio State University James Cancer Center; Columbus United States
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25
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Weigel C, Chaisaingmongkol J, Assenov Y, Kuhmann C, Winkler V, Santi I, Bogatyrova O, Kaucher S, Bermejo JL, Leung SY, Chan TL, Lasitschka F, Bohrer MH, Marx A, Haußen RHV, Herold-Mende C, Dyckhoff G, Boukamp P, Delank KW, Hörmann K, Lippert BM, Baier G, Dietz A, Oakes CC, Plass C, Becher H, Schmezer P, Ramroth H, Popanda O. DNA methylation at an enhancer of the three prime repair exonuclease 2 gene (TREX2) is linked to gene expression and survival in laryngeal cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:67. [PMID: 31053176 PMCID: PMC6499986 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0666-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic aberrations in DNA repair genes are linked to cancer, but less is reported about epigenetic regulation of DNA repair and functional consequences. We investigated the intragenic methylation loss at the three prime repair exonuclease 2 (TREX2) locus in laryngeal (n = 256) and colorectal cancer cases (n = 95) and in pan-cancer data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Results Significant methylation loss at an intragenic site of TREX2 was a frequent trait in both patient cohorts (p = 0.016 and < 0.001, respectively) and in 15 out of 22 TCGA studies. Methylation loss correlated with immunohistochemically staining for TREX2 (p < 0.0001) in laryngeal tumors and improved overall survival of laryngeal cancer patients (p = 0.045). Chromatin immunoprecipitation, demethylation experiments, and reporter gene assays revealed that the region of methylation loss can function as a CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA)-responsive enhancer element regulating TREX2 expression. Conclusions The data highlight a regulatory role of TREX2 DNA methylation for gene expression which might affect incidence and survival of laryngeal cancer. Altered TREX2 protein levels in tumors may affect drug-induced DNA damage repair and provide new tailored therapies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-019-0666-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Weigel
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Present Address: Division of Hematology Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Yassen Assenov
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christine Kuhmann
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Volker Winkler
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Irene Santi
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olga Bogatyrova
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Simone Kaucher
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Justo L Bermejo
- Institute of Medical Biometry and Informatics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Suet Y Leung
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsun L Chan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital, Happy Valley, Hong Kong, China
| | - Felix Lasitschka
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Marx
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Christel Herold-Mende
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Division of Neurosurgical Research, Neurosurgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Dyckhoff
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Boukamp
- Division of Genetics of Skin Carcinogenesis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Environmental Medicine, IUF, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus W Delank
- Medical Hospital, Head and Neck Surgery, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Karl Hörmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Burkhard M Lippert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - Gerald Baier
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Academic Teaching Hospital, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Andreas Dietz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christopher C Oakes
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Present Address: Division of Hematology Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christoph Plass
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Research Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heiko Becher
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Peter Schmezer
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heribert Ramroth
- Institute of Public Health, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Odilia Popanda
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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Jaworski P, Donczew R, Mielke T, Weigel C, Stingl K, Zawilak-Pawlik A. Structure and Function of the Campylobacter jejuni Chromosome Replication Origin. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1533. [PMID: 30050516 PMCID: PMC6052347 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is the leading bacterial cause of foodborne infections worldwide. However, our understanding of its cell cycle is poor. We identified the probable C. jejuni origin of replication (oriC) - a key element for initiation of chromosome replication, which is also important for chromosome structure, maintenance and dynamics. The herein characterized C. jejuni oriC is monopartite and contains (i) the DnaA box cluster, (ii) the DnaA-dependent DNA unwinding element (DUE) and (iii) binding sites for regulatory proteins. The cluster of five DnaA boxes and the DUE were found in the dnaA-dnaN intergenic region. Binding of DnaA to this cluster of DnaA-boxes enabled unwinding of the DUE in vitro. However, it was not sufficient to sustain replication of minichromosomes, unless the cluster was extended by additional DnaA boxes located in the 3' end of dnaA. This suggests, that C. jejuni oriC requires these boxes to initiate or to regulate replication of its chromosome. However, further detailed mutagenesis is required to confirm the role of these two boxes in initiation of C. jejuni chromosome replication and thus to confirm partial localization of C. jejuni oriC within a coding region, which has not been reported thus far for any bacterial oriC. In vitro DUE unwinding by DnaA was inhibited by Cj1509, an orphan response regulator and a homolog of HP1021, that has been previously shown to inhibit replication in Helicobacter pylori. Thus, Cj1509 might play a similar role as a regulator of C. jejuni chromosome replication. This is the first systematic analysis of chromosome replication initiation in C. jejuni, and we expect that these studies will provide a basis for future research examining the structure and dynamics of the C. jejuni chromosome, which will be crucial for understanding the pathogens' life cycle and virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Jaworski
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafal Donczew
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Thorsten Mielke
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Fachbereich 2, HTW Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kerstin Stingl
- National Reference Laboratory for Campylobacter, Department of Biological Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Zawilak-Pawlik
- Department of Microbiology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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Ahmed EH, Hale C, Sloan S, Mao C, Zhang X, Ozer HG, Subramaniam D, Jeney F, Schlotter S, Smith P, Chan W, Sekhri P, Weigel C, Oakes CC, Behbehani GK, Yu J, Guerau M, Caligiuri MA, Baiocchi RA. Abstract 4691: Role of select T helper cell subsets in the development of Epstein-Barr virus-driven lymphoproliferative disease. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-4691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is a significant and often fatal complication of organ transplantation, strongly associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Severe combined immune-deficient (SCID) mice engrafted with human mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from EBV+ donors spontaneously develop human B cell lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) that resembles PTLD. Approximately 20% of EBV+ donors reproducibly develop LPD in 100% of engrafted mice (high-incidence, HI donors), and ~20% of donors never develop EBV-LPD (no-incidence, NI donors) despite all donors being EBV+. This finding suggests that host factor(s) may predispose individuals to develop EBV-LPD. PBMC from HI donors depleted of CD3+/CD4+ T helper (Th) cells do not develop EBV-LPD, suggesting that Th cells function as potential drivers of EBV-LPD.
Methods: PBMCs from three HI and three NI donors were engrafted intraperitoneally into SCID mice. At week 4, spleens were harvested and human Th cells were sorted to purity (>95%). Total RNA was isolated from sorted Th cells and gene expression profiles were evaluated by RNA transcriptome analysis. Sorted Th cells from total PBMCs (resting) were used as baseline controls. Human CD45+ cells from mouse spleens were analyzed by mass cytometry (Cytometry Time of Flight, CyTOF) using a multiparametric antibody panel to identify various Th subsets. To identify specific Th subsets essential to the development of EBV-LPD, PBMCs from 3 HI donors were depleted of Th subsets: follicular Th cells (Tfh), regulatory T cells (Treg) or Tfh/Treg cells.
Results: RNA Transcriptome data were analyzed using R DESeq2 for differential expression and revealed significant differences in genes associated with Tfh and Treg cell differentiation and function. Th cells sorted from mice engrafted with PBMCs from HI donors expressed high levels of IFNγ receptor, IL6R, MHC class II, FoxP3, PRMT2 and SYK genes. Applying the analysis software viSNE to CyTOF data revealed significant differences in frequency of B cells, Tfh and Treg subsets between HI and NI. Mice engrafted with Treg depleted or Tfh/Treg depleted PBMCs showed significantly improved survival compared to control nondepleted group (p-value: 0.0008, 0.0145, respectively). There was no difference in engraftment efficiency. The Tfh depleted cohort also had improved survival as compared to the control group; however, this result was not statistically significant (p-value: 0.0941).
Conclusions: Significant differences in gene expression and immunophenotypic profiles exist between HI and NI donors in this spontaneous model of EBV-LPD. Depletion of Treg and Tfh subsets from PBMCs prior to engraftment significantly enhanced survival. These data suggest that select Th subsets promote EBV-LPD and provide justification for examining strategies to identify patients at risk for developing EBV-LPD in the pretransplant setting.
Citation Format: Elshafa H. Ahmed, Claire Hale, Shelby Sloan, Charlene Mao, Xiaoli Zhang, H. Gulcin Ozer, Deepa Subramaniam, Frankie Jeney, Sarah Schlotter, Porsha Smith, Wing Chan, Palak Sekhri, Christoph Weigel, Christopher C. Oakes, Gregory K. Behbehani, Jianhua Yu, Mireia Guerau, Michael A. Caligiuri, Robert A. Baiocchi. Role of select T helper cell subsets in the development of Epstein-Barr virus-driven lymphoproliferative disease [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4691.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wing Chan
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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28
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Victor AR, Weigel C, Scoville SD, Chan WK, Chatman K, Nemer MM, Mao C, Young KA, Zhang J, Yu J, Freud AG, Oakes CC, Caligiuri MA. Epigenetic and Posttranscriptional Regulation of CD16 Expression during Human NK Cell Development. J Immunol 2017; 200:565-572. [PMID: 29229679 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The surface receptor FcγRIIIA (CD16a) is encoded by the FCGR3A gene and is acquired by human NK cells during maturation. NK cells bind the Fc portion of IgG via CD16a and execute Ab-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, which is critical for the effectiveness of several antitumor mAb therapies. The role of epigenetic regulatory mechanisms controlling transcriptional and posttranscriptional CD16 expression in NK cells is unknown. In this study, we compared specific patterns of DNA methylation and expression of FCGR3A with FCGR3B, which differ in cell type-specific expression despite displaying nearly identical genomic sequences. We identified a sequence within the FCGR3A promoter that selectively exhibits reduced methylation in CD16a+ NK cells versus CD16a- NK cells and neutrophils. This region contained the transcriptional start site of the most highly expressed CD16a isoform in NK cells. Luciferase assays revealed remarkable cell-type specificity and methylation-dependent activity of FCGR3A- versus FCGR3B-derived sequences. Genomic differences between FCGR3A and FCGR3B are enriched at CpG dinucleotides, and mutation of variant CpGs reversed cell-type specificity. We further identified miR-218 as a posttranscriptional negative regulator of CD16a in NK cells. Forced overexpression of miR-218 in NK cells knocked down CD16a mRNA and protein expression. Moreover, miR-218 was highly expressed in CD16a- NK cells compared with CD16a+ NK cells. Taken together, we propose a system of FCGR3A regulation in human NK cells in which CpG dinucleotide sequences and concurrent DNA methylation confer developmental and cell type-specific transcriptional regulation, whereas miR-218 provides an additional layer of posttranscriptional regulation during the maturation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron R Victor
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Christoph Weigel
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210.,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Steven D Scoville
- Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.,The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Wing Keung Chan
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Kelsey Chatman
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Mary M Nemer
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Charlene Mao
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Karen A Young
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, Department of Bioinformatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Jianhua Yu
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210.,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Aharon G Freud
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Christopher C Oakes
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210; .,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.,Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210; and
| | - Michael A Caligiuri
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, Columbus, OH 43210; .,Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210.,Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
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29
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Drennan S, D'Avola A, Gao Y, Weigel C, Chrysostomou E, Steele AJ, Zenz T, Plass C, Johnson PW, Williams AP, Packham G, Stevenson FK, Oakes CC, Forconi F. IL-10 production by CLL cells is enhanced in the anergic IGHV mutated subset and associates with reduced DNA methylation of the IL10 locus. Leukemia 2017; 31:1686-1694. [PMID: 27890932 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2016.356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLLs) with unmutated (U-CLL) or mutated (M-CLL) IGHV have variable features of immunosuppression, possibly influenced by those CLL cells activated to produce interleukin 10 (IL-10). The two subsets differ in their levels of anergy, defined by low surface immunoglobulin M levels/signaling capacity, and in their DNA methylation profile, particularly variable in M-CLL. We have now found that levels of IL-10 produced by activated CLL cells were highly variable. Levels were higher in M-CLL than in U-CLL and correlated with anergy. DNA methylation analysis of IL10 locus revealed two previously uncharacterized 'variably methylated regions' (CLL-VMRs1/2) in the gene body, but similarly low methylation in the promoter of both U-CLL and M-CLL. CLL-VMR1/2 methylation was lower in M-CLL than in U-CLL and inversely correlated with IL-10 induction. A functional signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) binding site in CLL-VMR2 was confirmed by proximity ligation and luciferase assays, whereas inhibition of SYK-mediated STAT3 activation resulted in suppression of IL10. The data suggest epigenetic control of IL-10 production. Higher tumor load may compensate the reduced IL-10 production in U-CLL, accounting for clinical immunosuppression in both subsets. The observation that SYK inhibition also suppresses IL-10 provides a potential new rationale for therapeutic targeting and immunological rescue by SYK inhibitors in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Drennan
- Haematology Oncology Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A D'Avola
- Haematology Oncology Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Y Gao
- Wessex Investigational Sciences Hub laboratory, Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C Weigel
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - E Chrysostomou
- Haematology Oncology Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - A J Steele
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - T Zenz
- Department of Translational Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Medicine V, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Plass
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P W Johnson
- Medical Oncology, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - A P Williams
- Wessex Investigational Sciences Hub laboratory, Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - G Packham
- Molecular Oncology Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - F K Stevenson
- Molecular Immunology Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C C Oakes
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, The German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - F Forconi
- Haematology Oncology Group, Cancer Sciences Unit, Cancer Research UK and NIHR Experimental Cancer Medicine Centres, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- Haematology Department, University Hospital Southampton National Health Service Trust, Southampton, UK
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Weigel C, Chaisaingmongkol J, Kuhmann C, Santi I, Winkler V, Bogatyrova O, Bermejo JL, Chan TL, Lasitschka F, Bohrer MH, Marx A, Autschbach F, Haußen RHV, Dyckhoff G, Delank KW, Hoermann K, Lippert BM, Baier G, Dietz A, Oakes CC, Plass C, Becher H, Schmezer P, Ramroth H, Popanda O. Abstract 3364: DNA methylation loss at an enhancer site of the DNA repair gene TREX2 is an epigenetic feature in multiple cancers. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-3364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The onset of numerous cancers is strongly associated with exposure to genotoxic agents and is counteracted by cellular DNA repair mechanisms. However, the tumorigenic potential of genotoxic carcinogens varies widely among individuals. It is still uncertain which genetic and epigenetic traits shape cancer onset and progression in the general population. While genetic aberrations in DNA repair genes have been linked to cancer risk, less is known about the importance of epigenetics for the regulation of these genes. In order to identify DNA methylation alterations in laryngeal cancer we carried out targeted DNA methylation analysis at single CpG sites via mass spectrometry. We focused our analysis on five DNA repair-associated gene loci previously found to be altered in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. We report loss of DNA methylation at the three prime repair exonuclease 2 (TREX2) gene locus in laryngeal cancer (n=161) and adjacent normal tissue (n=58) samples of patients from a German population-based case-control study. Following screening of tumor tissues from Chinese colorectal cancer patients as well as previously published data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we identified TREX2 methylation loss as a frequent trait in multiple cancers. We further characterized the regulatory activity of the affected TREX2 site using chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays in cell models from different tumor types. Differential TREX2 methylation affects a CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (CEBPA) binding site serving as a gene enhancer which drives the expression of TREX2 from a previously uncharacterized gene promoter. We also observed a strong association between TREX2 methylation and TREX2 protein expression determined via immunohistochemistry in laryngeal tumors. Finally, we found a significant association between overall survival and loss of TREX2 methylation in laryngeal cancer, with TREX2 methylation loss being a protective factor. Our findings highlight a profound regulatory role of epigenetic mechanisms for TREX2 in tumors, and underline the usefulness of TREX2 DNA methylation as a biomarker for patient stratification.
Citation Format: Christoph Weigel, Jittiporn Chaisaingmongkol, Christine Kuhmann, Irene Santi, Volker Winkler, Olga Bogatyrova, Justo L. Bermejo, Tsun L. Chan, Felix Lasitschka, Manfred H. Bohrer, Alexander Marx, Frank Autschbach, Roland Heyni-von Haußen, Gerhard Dyckhoff, Klaus-Wolfgang Delank, Karl Hoermann, Burkard M. Lippert, Gerald Baier, Andreas Dietz, Christopher C. Oakes, Christoph Plass, Heiko Becher, Peter Schmezer, Heribert Ramroth, Odilia Popanda. DNA methylation loss at an enhancer site of the DNA repair gene TREX2 is an epigenetic feature in multiple cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 3364. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-3364
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Irene Santi
- 3University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexander Marx
- 7University Medical Centre Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | | | - Gerhard Dyckhoff
- 10Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Karl Hoermann
- 11University Hospital of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Gerald Baier
- 13Academic Teaching Hospital, Darmstadt, Germany
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Makowski Ł, Donczew R, Weigel C, Zawilak-Pawlik A, Zakrzewska-Czerwińska J. Initiation of Chromosomal Replication in Predatory Bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1898. [PMID: 27965633 PMCID: PMC5124646 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a small Gram-negative predatory bacterium that attacks other Gram-negative bacteria, including many animal, human, and plant pathogens. This bacterium exhibits a peculiar biphasic life cycle during which two different types of cells are produced: non-replicating highly motile cells (the free-living phase) and replicating cells (the intracellular-growth phase). The process of chromosomal replication in B. bacteriovorus must therefore be temporally and spatially regulated to ensure that it is coordinated with cell differentiation and cell cycle progression. Recently, B. bacteriovorus has received considerable research interest due to its intriguing life cycle and great potential as a prospective antimicrobial agent. Although, we know that chromosomal replication in bacteria is mainly regulated at the initiation step, no data exists about this process in B. bacteriovorus. We report the first characterization of key elements of initiation of chromosomal replication – DnaA protein and oriC region from the predatory bacterium, B. bacteriovorus. In vitro studies using different approaches demonstrate that the B. bacteriovorus oriC (BdoriC) is specifically bound and unwound by the DnaA protein. Sequence comparison of the DnaA-binding sites enabled us to propose a consensus sequence for the B. bacteriovorus DnaA box [5′-NN(A/T)TCCACA-3′]. Surprisingly, in vitro analysis revealed that BdoriC is also bound and unwound by the host DnaA proteins (relatively distantly related from B. bacteriovorus). We compared the architecture of the DnaA–oriC complexes (orisomes) in homologous (oriC and DnaA from B. bacteriovorus) and heterologous (BdoriC and DnaA from prey, Escherichia coli or Pseudomonas aeruginosa) systems. This work provides important new entry points toward improving our understanding of the initiation of chromosomal replication in this predatory bacterium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Makowski
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy - Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafał Donczew
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy - Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Anna Zawilak-Pawlik
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy - Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jolanta Zakrzewska-Czerwińska
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy - Polish Academy of SciencesWrocław, Poland; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of WrocławWrocław, Poland
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Jaworski P, Donczew R, Mielke T, Thiel M, Oldziej S, Weigel C, Zawilak-Pawlik A. Unique and Universal Features of Epsilonproteobacterial Origins of Chromosome Replication and DnaA-DnaA Box Interactions. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1555. [PMID: 27746772 PMCID: PMC5043019 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In bacteria, chromosome replication is initiated by the interaction of the initiator protein DnaA with a defined region of a chromosome at which DNA replication starts (oriC). While DnaA proteins share significant homology regardless of phylogeny, oriC regions exhibit more variable structures. The general architecture of oriCs is universal, i.e., they are composed of a cluster of DnaA binding sites, a DNA-unwinding element, and sequences that bind regulatory proteins. However, detailed structures of oriCs are shared by related species while being significantly different in unrelated bacteria. In this work, we characterized Epsilonproteobacterial oriC regions. Helicobacter pylori was the only species of the class for which oriC was characterized. A few unique features were found such as bipartite oriC structure, not encountered in any other Gram-negative species, and topology-sensitive DnaA-DNA interactions, which have not been found in any other bacterium. These unusual H. pylori oriC features raised questions of whether oriC structure and DnaA-DNA interactions are unique to this bacterium or whether they are common to related species. By in silico and in vitro analyses we identified putative oriCs in three Epsilonproteobacterial species: pathogenic Arcobacter butzleri, symbiotic Wolinella succinogenes, and free-living Sulfurimonas denitrificans. We propose that oriCs typically co-localize with ruvC-dnaA-dnaN in Epsilonproteobacteria, with the exception of Helicobacteriaceae species. The clusters of DnaA boxes localize upstream (oriC1) and downstream (oriC2) of dnaA, and they likely constitute bipartite origins. In all cases, DNA unwinding was shown to occur in oriC2. Unlike the DnaA box pattern, which is not conserved in Epsilonproteobacterial oriCs, the consensus DnaA box sequences and the mode of DnaA-DnaA box interactions are common to the class. We propose that the typical Epsilonproteobacterial DnaA box consists of the core nucleotide sequence 5′-TTCAC-3′ (4–8 nt), which, together with the significant changes in the DNA-binding motif of corresponding DnaAs, determines the unique molecular mechanism of DnaA-DNA interaction. Our results will facilitate identification of oriCs and subsequent identification of factors which regulate chromosome replication in other Epsilonproteobacteria. Since replication is controlled at the initiation step, it will help to better characterize life cycles of these species, many of which are considered as emerging pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawel Jaworski
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław, Poland
| | - Rafal Donczew
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław, Poland
| | | | - Marcel Thiel
- Laboratory of Biopolymers Structure, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Stanislaw Oldziej
- Laboratory of Biopolymers Structure, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk and Medical University of Gdańsk Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Fachbereich 2, HTW Berlin Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Zawilak-Pawlik
- Department of Microbiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław, Poland
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Liesenfeld DB, Botma A, Habermann N, Toth R, Weigel C, Popanda O, Klika KD, Potter JD, Lampe JW, Ulrich CM. Aspirin Reduces Plasma Concentrations of the Oncometabolite 2-Hydroxyglutarate: Results of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Crossover Trial. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 25:180-7. [PMID: 26585118 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-0697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aspirin use is an effective strategy for the chemoprevention of colorectal cancer, even at low doses. However, in order to implement aspirin interventions, risk-benefit balances and biologic mechanisms need to be better defined; to further this aim, we used a metabolomics approach. METHODS We metabolically profiled 40 healthy, nonsmoking men and women ages 20 to 45 years enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, crossover trial of 325 mg aspirin/day over a period of 60 days. Gas and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to comprehensively profile participants' plasma samples after aspirin and placebo interventions. RESULTS A total of 363 metabolites, covering most human biochemical pathways, were measured. Compared with placebo-treated participants, plasma concentrations of the oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (R+S) decreased after aspirin treatment in both men and women (P = 0.005). This signal proved robust during 20-fold random splitting of the data using 80% of the samples in each split. We subsequently performed functional follow-up studies using targeted, enantiospecific detection in human colorectal cancer cell lines and observed an aspirin-induced reduction of (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate. We further showed that salicylate, the primary aspirin metabolite, inhibits the hydroxyacid-oxoacid transhydrogenase mediated production of (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate, thereby providing mechanistic evidence for the clinically observed effects of aspirin on total-2-hydroxyglutarate. CONCLUSIONS Using a metabolomics approach with functional follow-up, we propose that a decrease in the oncometabolite (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate may identify an additional mechanism for aspirin or its metabolites in cancer prevention. IMPACT Reduction of the oncometabolite (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate identifies a novel, non-COX-inhibition-mediated mechanism of aspirin.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Liesenfeld
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Akke Botma
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nina Habermann
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Reka Toth
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Odilia Popanda
- Division of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Karel D Klika
- Genomics and Proteomics Core Facility, Molecular Structure Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John D Potter
- Centre for Public Health Research, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand. Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Johanna W Lampe
- Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Cornelia M Ulrich
- Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington. Population Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah.
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Weigel C, Veldwijk MR, Oakes CC, Seibold P, Slynko A, Liesenfeld DB, Herskind C, Sperk E, Benner A, Plass C, Wenz F, Chang-Claude J, Schmezer P, Popanda O. Abstract 3445: Diacylglycerol kinase alpha as a novel epigenetically regulated risk marker for radiotherapy-induced fibrosis. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-3445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Ionizing radiation is a common treatment option for cancer but its use is limited by the unpredictable and highly heterogeneous onset of late side effects, especially radiation-induced fibrosis. Clinically applicable biomarkers and effective treatments for radiation fibrosis are currently unavailable. In order to identify novel markers we ran a genome-wide DNA methylation screen in primary dermal fibroblasts obtained from breast cancer patients before intraoperative radiotherapy. Cells from patients developing fibrosis within a three-year follow up were compared to those without fibrosis (12 individuals per group). Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip analysis revealed differentially methylated sites which are associated with fibrosis. Notably, we identified a differentially methylated region (DMR) at the diacylglycerol kinase alpha (DGKA) locus as a potential fibrosis marker. This DGKA DMR was confirmed using quantitative MassARRAY technology in 75 patient fibroblast samples. We first investigated whether high or low DNA methylation at this DGKA DMR affects cellular radiation response. Functional in vitro analysis showed that the methylation status of the DGKA DMR inversely correlated with its radiation-induced mRNA and protein expression as well as with its enzymatic activity. We next examined the DMR for its role as a regulatory site. The intragenically located DMR was identified as a potential enhancer sequence using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) for H3K4me1 and H3K27ac as well as luciferase reporter assays. Chromatin conformation capture (3C) analysis revealed interaction of this enhancer with the DGKA promoter in fibroblasts with low DNA methylation, and further ChIP experiments showed a DNA methylation-dependent recruitment of the profibrotic transcription factor Early Growth Response 1 (EGR1) to this site. We finally asked how epigenetically altered DGKA expression could impact on cellular processes relevant to fibrosis such as fibroblast transactivation or stress response. Results in primary fibroblasts showed that, in response to ionizing radiation and other stress factors, DGKA affects global levels of its substrate diacylglycerol, as well as expression of the fibroblast activation markers Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin (ACTA2) and collagen 1 (COL1A1). Upon overexpression of DGKA in HEK293T cells, a luciferase-based screening of 15 stress-responsive signaling reporters revealed functional consequences on several response pathways. In summary, DGKA has emerged as a novel, epigenetically regulated signaling protein that has a role in radiation fibrosis and may serve as a new biomarker and therapeutic target.
Citation Format: Christoph Weigel, Marlon R. Veldwijk, Christopher C. Oakes, Petra Seibold, Alla Slynko, David B. Liesenfeld, Carsten Herskind, Elena Sperk, Axel Benner, Christoph Plass, Frederik Wenz, Jenny Chang-Claude, Peter Schmezer, Odilia Popanda. Diacylglycerol kinase alpha as a novel epigenetically regulated risk marker for radiotherapy-induced fibrosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3445. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3445
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Weigel
- 1Division of Epigenomics and cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marlon R. Veldwijk
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christopher C. Oakes
- 1Division of Epigenomics and cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petra Seibold
- 3Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alla Slynko
- 4Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David B. Liesenfeld
- 5Division of Preventive Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Herskind
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Elena Sperk
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Axel Benner
- 4Division of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Plass
- 1Division of Epigenomics and cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frederik Wenz
- 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jenny Chang-Claude
- 3Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schmezer
- 1Division of Epigenomics and cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Odilia Popanda
- 1Division of Epigenomics and cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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Weigel C, Schmezer P, Plass C, Popanda O. Epigenetics in radiation-induced fibrosis. Oncogene 2014; 34:2145-55. [PMID: 24909163 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a major cancer treatment option but dose-limiting side effects such as late-onset fibrosis in the irradiated tissue severely impair quality of life in cancer survivors. Efforts to explain radiation-induced fibrosis, for example, by genetic variation remained largely inconclusive. Recently published molecular analyses on radiation response and fibrogenesis showed a prominent role of epigenetic gene regulation. This review summarizes the current knowledge on epigenetic modifications in fibrotic disease and radiation response, and it points out the important role for epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, microRNAs and histone modifications in the development of this disease. The synopsis illustrates the complexity of radiation-induced fibrosis and reveals the need for investigations to further unravel its molecular mechanisms. Importantly, epigenetic changes are long-term determinants of gene expression and can therefore support those mechanisms that induce and perpetuate fibrogenesis even in the absence of the initial damaging stimulus. Future work must comprise the interconnection of acute radiation response and long-lasting epigenetic effects in order to assess their role in late-onset radiation fibrosis. An improved understanding of the underlying biology is fundamental to better comprehend the origin of this disease and to improve both preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Weigel
- Department of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Schmezer
- Department of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - C Plass
- Department of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - O Popanda
- Department of Epigenomics and Cancer Risk Factors, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Kuhmann C, Li C, Kloor M, Salou M, Weigel C, Schmidt CR, Ng LWC, Tsui WWY, Leung SY, Yuen ST, Becker N, Weichenhan D, Plass C, Schmezer P, Chan TL, Popanda O. Altered regulation of DNA ligase IV activity by aberrant promoter DNA methylation and gene amplification in colorectal cancer. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 23:2043-54. [PMID: 24282031 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents as a very heterogeneous disease which cannot sufficiently be characterized with the currently known genetic and epigenetic markers. To identify new markers for CRC we scrutinized the methylation status of 231 DNA repair-related genes by methyl-CpG immunoprecipitation followed by global methylation profiling on a CpG island microarray, as altered expression of these genes could drive genomic and chromosomal instability observed in these tumors. We show for the first time hypermethylation of MMP9, DNMT3A and LIG4 in CRC which was confirmed in two CRC patient groups with different ethnicity. DNA ligase IV (LIG4) showed strong differential promoter methylation (up to 60%) which coincided with downregulation of mRNA in 51% of cases. This functional association of LIG4 methylation and gene expression was supported by LIG4 re-expression in 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine-treated colon cancer cell lines, and reduced ligase IV amounts and end-joining activity in extracts of tumors with hypermethylation. Methylation of LIG4 was not associated with other genetic and epigenetic markers of CRC in our study. As LIG4 is located on chromosome 13 which is frequently amplified in CRC, two loci were tested for gene amplification in a subset of 47 cases. Comparison of amplification, methylation and expression data revealed that, in 30% of samples, the LIG4 gene was amplified and methylated, but expression was not changed. In conclusion, hypermethylation of the LIG4 promoter is a new mechanism to control ligase IV expression. It may represent a new epigenetic marker for CRC independent of known markers.
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Weigel C, Hündersen B. Medikamentengestützte Behandlung der Alkoholerkrankung mit Baclofen: Reduktion des „Craving“ als Therapieoption. Suchttherapie 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1351576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Weigel C, Kreuzeder FJ, Fischer R, Bödeker RH. Medikamentengestützte Behandlung der Alkoholerkrankung mit Baclofen. Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer virtuellen Selbsthilfegruppe im Internet, Erfahrungen über mehr als zwei Jahre. Suchttherapie 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1330988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Donczew R, Weigel C, Lurz R, Zakrzewska-Czerwinska J, Zawilak-Pawlik A. Helicobacter pylori oriC--the first bipartite origin of chromosome replication in Gram-negative bacteria. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40:9647-60. [PMID: 22904070 PMCID: PMC3479198 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gks742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Binding of the DnaA protein to oriC leads to DNA melting within the DNA unwinding element (DUE) and initiates replication of the bacterial chromosome. Helicobacter pylori oriC was previously identified as a region localized upstream of dnaA and containing a cluster of DnaA boxes bound by DnaA protein with a high affinity. However, no unwinding within the oriC sequence has been detected. Comprehensive in silico analysis presented in this work allowed us to identify an additional region (oriC2), separated from the original one (oriC1) by the dnaA gene. DnaA specifically binds both regions, but DnaA-dependent DNA unwinding occurs only within oriC2. Surprisingly, oriC2 is bound exclusively as supercoiled DNA, which directly shows the importance of the DNA topology in DnaA-oriC interactions, similarly as previously presented only for initiator-origin interactions in Archaea and some Eukaryota. We conclude that H. pylori oriC exhibits bipartite structure, being the first such origin discovered in a Gram-negative bacterium. The H. pylori mode of initiator-oriC interactions, with the loop formation between the subcomplexes of the discontinuous origin, resembles those discovered in Bacillus subtilis chromosome and in many plasmids, which might suggest a similar way of controlling initiation of replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafał Donczew
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland
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Abstract
In Escherichia coli, the SeqA protein binds specifically to GATC sequences which are methylated on the A of the old strand but not on the new strand. Such hemimethylated DNA is produced by progression of the replication forks and lasts until Dam methyltransferase methylates the new strand. It is therefore believed that a region of hemimethylated DNA covered by SeqA follows the replication fork. We show that this is, indeed, the case by using global ChIP on Chip analysis of SeqA in cells synchronized regarding DNA replication. To assess hemimethylation, we developed the first genome-wide method for methylation analysis in bacteria. Since loss of the SeqA protein affects growth rate only during rapid growth when cells contain multiple replication forks, a comparison of rapid and slow growth was performed. In cells with six replication forks per chromosome, the two old forks were found to bind surprisingly little SeqA protein. Cell cycle analysis showed that loss of SeqA from the old forks did not occur at initiation of the new forks, but instead occurs at a time point coinciding with the end of SeqA-dependent origin sequestration. The finding suggests simultaneous origin de-sequestration and loss of SeqA from old replication forks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Waldminghaus
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, 0310 Oslo, Norway
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Weigel C, Kreuzeder F. Baclofen, ein geeignetes Anti-Craving-Mittel? Suchttherapie 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1293193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Wilhelm JM, Moser S, Weigel C. 045 Management of diabetes within the Haute Alsace healthcare network. BMJ Qual Saf 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/qshc.2010.041624.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Johnsen L, Weigel C, von Kries J, Møller M, Skarstad K. A novel DNA gyrase inhibitor rescues Escherichia coli dnaAcos mutant cells from lethal hyperinitiation. J Antimicrob Chemother 2010; 65:924-30. [PMID: 20228083 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkq071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In order to search for novel antibacterial compounds we used a previously developed screening strain designed specifically to discover inhibitors of the bacterial initiator protein, DnaA. This strain (SF53) is not viable at 30 degrees C due to overinitiation. Therefore, compounds that are able to restore growth to SF53 cells are likely to cause either partial or complete inhibition of DnaA function. In this study we used SF53 cells to screen the Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC). METHODS An SF53 screen of LOPAC in 384-well plates was performed. The effects of compounds identified as positive were studied further by growth assays specific for replication proteins as well as an in vitro assay of the activity of purified DNA gyrase. RESULTS One of the compounds that tested positive in this screening was the benzazepine derivate (+/-)-6-chloro-PB hydrobromide (S143). We found that the substance did not target DnaA directly, but that it most probably reduces overinitiation by inhibiting DNA gyrase. Benzazepines have not previously been reported as gyrase inhibitors. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that a screening with SF53 will be able to identify compounds that also target other replication proteins (in addition to DnaA). Screening of LOPAC with SF53 cells led to the discovery of a novel DNA gyrase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Johnsen
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0310 Oslo, Norway.
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Gudegast C, Linke K, Fritsch MJ, Schröder HWS, Weigel C, Stenger RD. Die Neuroendoskopie – eine elegante Therapiemethode des komplexen Hydrozephalus. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1222800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Dintsios CM, Weigel C, Becker M, ten Thoren C, Droste S. Gesundheitsökonomische Evaluationen rehabilitativer Maßnahmen in Deutschland: Eine bibliometrische Auswertung angewendeter Studienformen unter Berücksichtigung des spezifischen Versorgungskontextes und unterschiedlicher Indikationsgebiete. Gesundheitswesen 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1086426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Fossum S, De Pascale G, Weigel C, Messer W, Donadio S, Skarstad K. A robust screen for novel antibiotics: specific knockout of the initiator of bacterial DNA replication. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2008; 281:210-4. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01103.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Stone RV, Weigel C. A New Suspending Medium Used for the Intracutaneous Virulence Test of Bacillus Diphtheriae. Am J Public Health Nations Health 2008; 19:1133-9. [PMID: 18012859 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.19.10.1133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Weigel C, Kiener C, Meier N, Schmid P, Rauh M, Rascher W, Knerr I. Carnitine Status in Early-Treated Children, Adolescents and Young Adults with Phenylketonuria on Low Phenylalanine Diets. Ann Nutr Metab 2008; 53:91-5. [DOI: 10.1159/000165356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2007] [Accepted: 08/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bachmaier N, Stenger RD, Lichey S, Weigel C, Bahlmann H, Haas JP, Fusch C, Festge OA. Seltener Fall einer Colon-transversum-Atresie. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1079000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Osten HV, Stenger RD, Krechting MA, Bachmaier N, Linke K, Weigel C, Fusch C, Festge OA. Spät erkannte geburtstraumatische Schädelimpressionsfraktur. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1079036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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