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Lei G, Mao C, Horbath AD, Yan Y, Cai S, Yao J, Jiang Y, Sun M, Liu X, Cheng J, Xu Z, Lee H, Li Q, Lu Z, Zhuang L, Chen MK, Alapati A, Yap TA, Hung MC, You MJ, Piwnica-Worms H, Gan B. BRCA1-Mediated Dual Regulation of Ferroptosis Exposes a Vulnerability to GPX4 and PARP Co-Inhibition in BRCA1-Deficient Cancers. Cancer Discov 2024; 14:1476-1495. [PMID: 38552003 PMCID: PMC11296921 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-23-1220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Resistance to poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) limits the therapeutic efficacy of PARP inhibition in treating breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 (BRCA1)-deficient cancers. Here we reveal that BRCA1 has a dual role in regulating ferroptosis. BRCA1 promotes the transcription of voltage-dependent anion channel 3 (VDAC3) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4); consequently, BRCA1 deficiency promotes cellular resistance to erastin-induced ferroptosis but sensitizes cancer cells to ferroptosis induced by GPX4 inhibitors (GPX4i). In addition, nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy and defective GPX4 induction unleash potent ferroptosis in BRCA1-deficient cancer cells upon PARPi and GPX4i co-treatment. Finally, we show that xenograft tumors derived from patients with BRCA1-mutant breast cancer with PARPi resistance exhibit decreased GPX4 expression and high sensitivity to PARP and GPX4 co-inhibition. Our results show that BRCA1 deficiency induces a ferroptosis vulnerability to PARP and GPX4 co-inhibition and inform a therapeutic strategy for overcoming PARPi resistance in BRCA1-deficient cancers. Significance: BRCA1 deficiency promotes resistance to erastin-induced ferroptosis via blocking VDAC3 yet renders cancer cells vulnerable to GPX4i-induced ferroptosis via inhibiting GPX4. NCOA4 induction and defective GPX4 further synergizes GPX4i with PARPi to induce ferroptosis in BRCA1-deficient cancers and targeting GPX4 mitigates PARPi resistance in those cancers. See related commentary by Alborzinia and Friedmann Angeli, p. 1372.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Lei
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chao Mao
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amber D Horbath
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuelong Yan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shirong Cai
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jun Yao
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Division of Basic Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mingchuang Sun
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Liu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jun Cheng
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhihao Xu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hyemin Lee
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Qidong Li
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhengze Lu
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Li Zhuang
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mei-Kuang Chen
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Division of Basic Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anagha Alapati
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Timothy A Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Division of Basic Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Current address: Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Center for Cancer Biology, Cancer Biology and Precision Therapeutics Center, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 406, Taiwan
| | - M James You
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Helen Piwnica-Worms
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Boyi Gan
- Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Division of Basic Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Lead contact
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Qian K, Li W, Ren S, Peng W, Qing B, Liu X, Wei X, Zhu L, Wang Y, Jin X. HDAC8 Enhances the Function of HIF-2α by Deacetylating ETS1 to Decrease the Sensitivity of TKIs in ccRCC. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401142. [PMID: 39073752 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Drug resistance after long-term use of Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has become an obstacle for prolonging the survival time of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Here, genome-wide CRISPR-based screening to reveal that HDAC8 is involved in decreasing the sensitivity of ccRCC cells to sunitinib is applied. Mechanically, HDAC8 deacetylated ETS1 at the K245 site to promote the interaction between ETS1 and HIF-2α and enhance the transcriptional activity of the ETS1/HIF-2α complex. However, the antitumor effect of inhibiting HDAC8 on sensitized TKI is not very satisfactory. Subsequently, inhibition of HDAC8 increased the expression of NEK1, and up-regulated NEK1 phosphorylated ETS1 at the T241 site to promote the interaction between ETS1 and HIF-2α by impeded acetylation at ETS1-K245 site is showed. Moreover, TKI treatment increased the expression of HDAC8 by inhibiting STAT3 phosphorylation in ccRCC cells is also found. These 2 findings highlight a potential mechanism of acquired resistance to TKIs and HDAC8 inhibitors in ccRCC. Finally, HDAC8-in-PROTACs to optimize the effects of HDAC8 inhibitors through degrading HDAC8 and overcoming the resistance of ccRCC to TKIs are synthesized. Collectively, the results revealed HDAC8 as a potential therapeutic candidate for resistance to ccRCC-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Qian
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Changsha, 410011, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Shangqing Ren
- Robotic Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Weilin Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Bei Qing
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xinlin Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Xiong Wei
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Yapeng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Changsha, 410011, China
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Zhang J, Fu L, Wang H, Yonemura A, Semba T, Yasuda-Yoshihara N, Nishimura A, Tajiri T, Tong Y, Yasuda T, Uchihara T, Yamazaki M, Okamoto Y, Yamasaki J, Nagano O, Baba H, Ishimoto T. RAC1-mediated integrin alpha-6 expression in E-cadherin-deficient gastric cancer cells promotes interactions with the stroma and peritoneal dissemination. Cancer Lett 2024; 591:216901. [PMID: 38641311 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Diffuse-type gastric cancer (DGC) is a subtype of gastric cancer that is prone to peritoneal dissemination, with poor patient prognosis. Although intercellular adhesion loss between cancer cells is a major characteristic of DGCs, the mechanism underlying the alteration in cell-to-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion is unclear. We investigated how DGCs progress and cause peritoneal dissemination through interactions between DGC cells and the tumour microenvironment (TME). P53 knockout and KRASG12V-expressing (GAN-KP) cells and Cdh1-deleted GAN-KP (GAN-KPC) cells were orthotopically transplanted into the gastric wall to mimic peritoneal dissemination. The GAN-KPC tumour morphology was similar to that of human DGCs containing abundant stroma. RNA sequencing revealed that pathways related to Rho GTPases and integrin-ECM interactions were specifically increased in GAN-KPC cells compared with GAN-KP cells. Notably, we found that Rac Family Small GTPase 1 (RAC1) induces Integrin Subunit Alpha 6 (ITGA6) trafficking, leading to its enrichment on the GC cell membrane. Fibroblasts activate the FAK/AKT pathway in GC cells by mediating extracellular matrix (ECM)-Itga6 interactions, exacerbating the malignant phenotype. In turn, GC cells induce abnormal expression of fibroblast collagen and its transformation into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), resulting in DGC-like subtypes. These findings indicate that Cdh1 gene loss leads to abnormal expression and changes in the subcellular localization of ITGA6 through RAC1 signalling. The latter, through interactions with CAFs, allows for peritoneal dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Lingfeng Fu
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Huaitao Wang
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Atsuko Yonemura
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takashi Semba
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Noriko Yasuda-Yoshihara
- Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Akiho Nishimura
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Tajiri
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yilin Tong
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tadahito Yasuda
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Uchihara
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masaya Yamazaki
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuya Okamoto
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Juntaro Yamasaki
- Division of Gene Regulation, Cancer Center, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Osamu Nagano
- Division of Gene Regulation, Cancer Center, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Hideo Baba
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Center for Metabolic Regulation of Healthy Ageing, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takatsugu Ishimoto
- Division of Carcinogenesis, The Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan; Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, International Research Center of Medical Sciences (IRCMS), Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan; Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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4
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Xu X, Liu Y, Gong Q, Ma L, Wei W, Zhao L, Luo Z. PARP1 promotes EGFR-TKI drug-resistance via PI3K/AKT pathway in non-small-cell lung cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00280-024-04668-2. [PMID: 38609654 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-024-04668-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance is the main type of drug resistance in lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, but its underlying mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of this work was to investigate the mechanism by which PARP1 regulates EGFR-TKI resistance to identify potential targets for combating drug resistance. METHODS The GEO databases, TCGA databases, western blot and qPCR studies were used to investigate the expression of PARP1 in lung cancer cells and tissues and its correlation with the prognosis of lung cancer. The expression of PARP1 in lung cancer TKI resistant cell PC9-ER and TKI sensitive cell PC9 was analyzed by qPCR and western blot. After knocking down of PARP1, CCK-8 assays, colony formation, flow cytometry were used to investigate its impact on erlotinib sensitivity, cell survival, cell cycle, and apoptosis. RNA-seq was used to investigate the mechanism by which PARP1 participates in EGFR-TKI resistance, and the results were validated in vitro and in vivo studies. RESULTS PARP1 was highly expressed in both lung cancer tissues and cells. Subsequently, increased PARP1 expression was observed in PC9-ER compared with its parental cell line. Knockdown of PARP1 increased erlotinib sensitivity, promoted cell apoptosis, and suppressed cell growth. RNA-seq and previous studies have shown that the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/P70S6K pathway is involved in PARP1-mediated TKI resistance, and these results were confirmed by Western blot in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION PARP1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for reversing EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/P70S6K pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianping Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Genaral Hospital, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Genaral Hospital, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Qiang Gong
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Gaotanyan Road Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Le Ma
- Department of Hematology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Gaotanyan Road Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Genaral Hospital, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Linqiong Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Genaral Hospital, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, China
| | - Zhibin Luo
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, No. 25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China.
- Department of Oncology, Chongqing Genaral Hospital, No.118, Xingguang Avenue, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 401147, China.
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5
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Mao X, Lee NK, Saad SE, Fong IL. Clinical translation for targeting DNA damage repair in non-small cell lung cancer: a review. Transl Lung Cancer Res 2024; 13:375-397. [PMID: 38496700 PMCID: PMC10938103 DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-23-742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant advancements in screening, diagnosis, and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), it remains the primary cause of cancer-related deaths globally. DNA damage is caused by the exposure to exogenous and endogenous factors and the correct functioning of DNA damage repair (DDR) is essential to maintain of normal cell circulation. The presence of genomic instability, which results from defective DDR, is a critical characteristic of cancer. The changes promote the accumulation of mutations, which are implicated in cancer cells, but these may be exploited for anti-cancer therapies. NSCLC has a distinct genomic profile compared to other tumors, making precision medicine essential for targeting actionable gene mutations. Although various treatment options for NSCLC exist including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, drug resistance inevitably arises. The identification of deleterious DDR mutations in 49.6% of NSCLC patients has led to the development of novel target therapies that have the potential to improve patient outcomes. Synthetic lethal treatment using poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors is a breakthrough in biomarker-driven therapy. Additionally, promising new compounds targeting DDR, such as ATR, CHK1, CHK2, DNA-PK, and WEE1, had demonstrated great potential for tumor selectivity. In this review, we provide an overview of DDR pathways and discuss the clinical translation of DDR inhibitors in NSCLC, including their application as single agents or in combination with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinru Mao
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | - Nung Kion Lee
- Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
| | | | - Isabel Lim Fong
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak (UNIMAS), Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
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Xu J, He B, Wang Y, Wu M, Lu Y, Su Z, Liu S, Yin F, Zhou JG, Hu W. Positive response to trastuzumab deruxtecan in a patient with HER2-mutant NSCLC after multiple lines therapy, including T-DM1: a case report. Front Oncol 2024; 13:1268260. [PMID: 38304028 PMCID: PMC10830643 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1268260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) mutations are uncommon in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the lack of established, effective, targeted drugs has resulted in a persistently poor prognosis. Herein, we report the case of a non-smoking, 58-year-old man diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma (cT3N0M1c, stage IVB) harboring a HER2 mutation (Y772_A775dupYVMA) and PD-L1 (-). The patient's Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS) score was assessed as 1. He commenced first-line treatment with chemotherapy, followed by immuno-chemotherapy, and with disease progression, he received HER2-targeted therapy and chemotherapy with an anti-angiogenic agent. However, HER2-targeted therapy, including pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitors (afatinib, pyrotinib, and pozitinib) and antibody-drug conjugate (T-DM1), produced only stable disease (SD) as the best response. After the previously described treatment, primary tumor recurrence and multiple brain metastases were observed. Despite the patient's compromised overall physical condition with a PS score of 3-4, he was administered T-DXd in addition to whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT). Remarkably, both intracranial metastases and primary lesions were significantly reduced, he achieved a partial response (PR), and his PS score increased from 3-4 to 1. He was then treated with T-DXd for almost 9 months until the disease again progressed, and he did not discontinue the drug despite the occurrence of myelosuppression during this period. This is a critical case as it exerted an effective response to T-DXd despite multiple lines therapy, including T-DM1. Simultaneously, despite the occurrence of myelosuppression in the patient during T-DXd, it was controlled after aggressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian-Guo Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
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7
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Ghosh A, Himaja A, Biswas S, Kulkarni O, Ghosh B. Advances in the Delivery and Development of Epigenetic Therapeutics for the Treatment of Cancer. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5981-6009. [PMID: 37899551 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression at the transcriptional level is altered by epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation, histone methylation, and acetylation, which can upregulate, downregulate, or entirely silence genes. Pathological dysregulation of epigenetic processes can result in the development of cancer, neurological problems, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular diseases. It is of promising therapeutic interest to find medications that target these epigenetic alterations. Despite the enormous amount of work that has been done in this area, very few molecules have been approved for clinical purposes. This article provides a comprehensive review of recent advances in epigenetic therapeutics for cancer, with a specific focus on emerging delivery and development strategies. Various delivery systems, including pro-drugs, conjugated molecules, nanoparticles (NPs), and liposomes, as well as remedial strategies such as combination therapies, and epigenetic editing, are being investigated to improve the efficacy and specificity of epigenetic drugs (epi-drugs). Furthermore, the challenges associated with available epi-drugs and the limitations of their translation into clinics have been discussed. Target selection, isoform selectivity, physiochemical properties of synthesized molecules, drug screening, and scalability of epi-drugs from preclinical to clinical fields are the major shortcomings that are addressed. This Review discusses novel strategies for the identification of new biomarkers, exploration of the medicinal chemistry of epigenetic modifiers, optimization of the dosage regimen, and design of proper clinical trials that will lead to better utilization of epigenetic modifiers over conventional therapies. The integration of these approaches holds great potential for improving the efficacy and precision of epigenetic treatments, ultimately benefiting cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparajita Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science- Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Ambati Himaja
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science- Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Swati Biswas
- Nanomedicine Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Onkar Kulkarni
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
| | - Balaram Ghosh
- Epigenetic Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology & Science- Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Jawahar Nagar, Medchal, Hyderabad 500078, Telangana, India
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8
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de Miguel FJ, Gentile C, Feng WW, Silva SJ, Sankar A, Exposito F, Cai WL, Melnick MA, Robles-Oteiza C, Hinkley MM, Tsai JA, Hartley AV, Wei J, Wurtz A, Li F, Toki MI, Rimm DL, Homer R, Wilen CB, Xiao AZ, Qi J, Yan Q, Nguyen DX, Jänne PA, Kadoch C, Politi KA. Mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes promote tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in EGFR-mutant lung cancer. Cancer Cell 2023; 41:1516-1534.e9. [PMID: 37541244 PMCID: PMC10957226 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Acquired resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), such as osimertinib used to treat EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas, limits long-term efficacy and is frequently caused by non-genetic mechanisms. Here, we define the chromatin accessibility and gene regulatory signatures of osimertinib sensitive and resistant EGFR-mutant cell and patient-derived models and uncover a role for mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes in TKI resistance. By profiling mSWI/SNF genome-wide localization, we identify both shared and cancer cell line-specific gene targets underlying the resistant state. Importantly, genetic and pharmacologic disruption of the SMARCA4/SMARCA2 mSWI/SNF ATPases re-sensitizes a subset of resistant models to osimertinib via inhibition of mSWI/SNF-mediated regulation of cellular programs governing cell proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, epithelial cell differentiation, and NRF2 signaling. These data highlight the role of mSWI/SNF complexes in supporting TKI resistance and suggest potential utility of mSWI/SNF inhibitors in TKI-resistant lung cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudia Gentile
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - William W Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shannon J Silva
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Akshay Sankar
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | | | - Wesley L Cai
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | | | - Camila Robles-Oteiza
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Madeline M Hinkley
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Jeanelle A Tsai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Antja-Voy Hartley
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jin Wei
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Anna Wurtz
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
| | - Fangyong Li
- Yale Center for Analytical Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, Laboratory of Epidemiology and Public Health, 60 College St, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Maria I Toki
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - David L Rimm
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Robert Homer
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Craig B Wilen
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Andrew Z Xiao
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jun Qi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qin Yan
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Don X Nguyen
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Cigall Kadoch
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA.
| | - Katerina A Politi
- Yale Cancer Center, New Haven, CT 06520, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Medicine (Section of Medical Oncology), Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Yale Stem Cell Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
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9
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Sirhan Z, Alojair R, Thyagarajan A, Sahu RP. Therapeutic Implications of PTEN in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2090. [PMID: 37631304 PMCID: PMC10458395 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the major human malignancies affecting both men and women worldwide, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most prevalent type. Multiple mechanisms have been identified that favor tumor growth as well as impede the efficacy of therapeutic regimens in lung cancer patients. Among tumor suppressor genes that play critical roles in regulating cancer growth, the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) constitutes one of the important family members implicated in controlling various functional activities of tumor cells, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Notably, clinical studies have also documented that lung tumors having an impaired, mutated, or loss of PTEN are associated with low survival or high tumor recurrence rates. To that end, PTEN has been explored as a promising target for anti-cancer agents. Importantly, the ability of PTEN to crosstalk with several signaling pathways provides new approaches to devise effective treatment options for lung cancer treatment. The current review highlights the significance of PTEN and its implications in therapeutic approaches against NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anita Thyagarajan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA; (Z.S.); (R.A.)
| | - Ravi P. Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435, USA; (Z.S.); (R.A.)
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10
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Saha S, Saso L, Armagan G. Cancer Prevention and Therapy by Targeting Oxidative Stress Pathways. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114293. [PMID: 37298769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress arises from the inadequate production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which couldn't be neutralized by antioxidant defense [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 281406, India
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Guliz Armagan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir 35100, Turkey
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11
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Alese OB, Wu C, Chapin WJ, Ulanja MB, Zheng-Lin B, Amankwah M, Eads J. Update on Emerging Therapies for Advanced Colorectal Cancer. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2023; 43:e389574. [PMID: 37155942 DOI: 10.1200/edbk_389574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide. It is projected to increase by 3.2 million new cases and account for 1.6 million deaths by 2040. Mortality is largely due to limited treatment options for patients who present with advanced disease. Thus, the development of effective and tolerable therapies is crucial. Chemotherapy has been the backbone of systemic treatment of advanced CRC, but utility has been limited because of invariable resistance to therapy, narrow mechanisms of action, and unfavorable toxicity profile. Tumors that are mismatch repair-deficient have demonstrated remarkable response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. However, most CRC tumors are mismatch repair-proficient and represent an unmet medical need. Although ERBB2 amplification occurs only in a few cases, it is associated with left-sided tumors and a higher incidence of brain metastasis. Numerous combinations of HER2 inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy, and antibody-drug conjugates against HER2 represent innovative strategies in this area. The KRAS protein has been classically considered undruggable. Fortunately, new agents targeting KRAS G12C mutation represent a paradigm shift in the management of affected patients and could lead the advancement in drug development for the more common KRAS mutations. Furthermore, aberrant DNA damage response is present in 15%-20% of CRCs, and emerging innovative combinations with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors could improve the current therapeutic landscape. Multiple novel biomarker-driven approaches in the management of patients with advanced CRC tumors are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olatunji B Alese
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - William J Chapin
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Mark B Ulanja
- Christus Ochsner St Patrick Hospital, Lake Charles, LA
| | | | | | - Jennifer Eads
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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12
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Targeting receptor tyrosine kinases in ovarian cancer: Genomic dysregulation, clinical evaluation of inhibitors, and potential for combinatorial therapies. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2023; 28:293-306. [PMID: 36911068 PMCID: PMC9999170 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have long been sought as therapeutic targets for EOC, as they are frequently hyperactivated in primary tumors and drive disease relapse, progression, and metastasis. More recently, these oncogenic drivers have been implicated in EOC response to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and epigenome-interfering agents. This evidence revives RTKs as promising targets for therapeutic intervention of EOC. This review summarizes recent studies on the role of RTKs in EOC malignancy and the use of their inhibitors for clinical treatment. Our focus is on the ERBB family, c-Met, and VEGFR, as they are linked to drug resistance and targetable using commercially available drugs. The importance of these RTKs and their inhibitors is highlighted by their impact on signal transduction and intratumoral heterogeneity in EOC and successful use as maintenance therapy in the clinic through suppression of the VEGF/VEGFR axis. Finally, the therapeutic potential of RTK inhibitors is discussed in the context of combinatorial targeting via co-inhibiting proliferative and anti-apoptotic pathways, epigenomic/transcriptional programs, and harnessing the efficacy of PARP inhibitors and programmed cell death 1/ligand 1 immune checkpoint therapies.
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13
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Freire Boullosa L, Van Loenhout J, Flieswasser T, Hermans C, Merlin C, Lau HW, Marcq E, Verschuuren M, De Vos WH, Lardon F, Smits ELJ, Deben C. Auranofin Synergizes with the PARP Inhibitor Olaparib to Induce ROS-Mediated Cell Death in Mutant p53 Cancers. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030667. [PMID: 36978917 PMCID: PMC10045521 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Auranofin (AF) is a potent, off-patent thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitor that efficiently targets cancer via reactive oxygen species (ROS)- and DNA damage-mediated cell death. The goal of this study is to enhance the efficacy of AF as a cancer treatment by combining it with the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP) inhibitor olaparib (referred to as ‘aurola’). Firstly, we investigated whether mutant p53 can sensitize non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cancer cells to AF and olaparib treatment in p53 knock-in and knock-out models with varying p53 protein expression levels. Secondly, we determined the therapeutic range for synergistic cytotoxicity between AF and olaparib and elucidated the underlying molecular cell death mechanisms. Lastly, we evaluated the effectiveness of the combination strategy in a murine 344SQ 3D spheroid and syngeneic in vivo lung cancer model. We demonstrated that high concentrations of AF and olaparib synergistically induced cytotoxicity in NSCLC and PDAC cell lines with low levels of mutant p53 protein that were initially more resistant to AF. The aurola combination also led to the highest accumulation of ROS, which resulted in ROS-dependent cytotoxicity of mutant p53 NSCLC cells through distinct types of cell death, including caspase-3/7-dependent apoptosis, inhibited by Z-VAD-FMK, and lipid peroxidation-dependent ferroptosis, inhibited by ferrostatin-1 and alpha-tocopherol. High concentrations of both compounds were also needed to obtain a synergistic cytotoxic effect in 3D spheroids of the murine lung adenocarcinoma cell line 344SQ, which was interestingly absent in 2D. This cell line was used in a syngeneic mouse model in which the oral administration of aurola significantly delayed the growth of mutant p53 344SQ tumors in 129S2/SvPasCrl mice, while either agent alone had no effect. In addition, RNA sequencing results revealed that AF- and aurola-treated 344SQ tumors were negatively enriched for immune-related gene sets, which is in accordance with AF’s anti-inflammatory function as an anti-rheumatic drug. Only 344SQ tumors treated with aurola showed the downregulation of genes related to the cell cycle, potentially explaining the growth inhibitory effect of aurola since no apoptosis-related gene sets were enriched. Overall, this novel combination strategy of oxidative stress induction (AF) with PARP inhibition (olaparib) could be a promising treatment for mutant p53 cancers, although high concentrations of both compounds need to be reached to obtain a substantial cytotoxic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie Freire Boullosa
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jinthe Van Loenhout
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Tal Flieswasser
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Christophe Hermans
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Céline Merlin
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Ho Wa Lau
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Elly Marcq
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Marlies Verschuuren
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Antwerp Center for Advanced Microscopy, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Winnok H. De Vos
- Laboratory of Cell Biology and Histology, Antwerp Center for Advanced Microscopy, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Filip Lardon
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Evelien L. J. Smits
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Christophe Deben
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-3-265-25-76
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14
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Zhu T, Zheng JY, Huang LL, Wang YH, Yao DF, Dai HB. Human PARP1 substrates and regulators of its catalytic activity: An updated overview. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1137151. [PMID: 36909172 PMCID: PMC9995695 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1137151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is a key DNA damage sensor that is recruited to damaged sites after DNA strand breaks to initiate DNA repair. This is achieved by catalyzing attachment of ADP-ribose moieties, which are donated from NAD+, on the amino acid residues of itself or other acceptor proteins. PARP inhibitors (PARPi) that inhibit PARP catalytic activity and induce PARP trapping are commonly used for treating BRCA1/2-deficient breast and ovarian cancers through synergistic lethality. Unfortunately, resistance to PARPi frequently occurs. In this review, we present the novel substrates and regulators of the PARP1-catalyzed poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylatison) that have been identified in the last 3 years. The overall aim is the presentation of protein interactions of potential therapeutic intervention for overcoming the resistance to PARPi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ju-Yan Zheng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ling-Ling Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hong Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Di-Fei Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Bin Dai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Jin Y, Lin C, Shi X, He Q, Yan J, Yu X, Chen M. Impact of clinical and molecular features on efficacy and outcome of patients with non-small cell lung cancer receiving second-line osimertinib. BMC Cancer 2022; 22:586. [PMID: 35643428 PMCID: PMC9145492 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-022-09683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although with the impressive efficacy, several patients showed intrinsic resistance or an unsatisfactory response to Osimertinib. We aim to explore the impact of clinical and molecular features on efficacy and outcome of patients with EGFR T790M-mutation non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving second-line Osimertinib. Methods Patients with EGFR T790M-mutant NSCLC who had acquired resistance to the first-generation EGFR TKI and then received Osimertinib as second-line treatment were included. Patients’ demographic and clinical information, as well as molecular data were extracted from electronic medical records. The impact of clinical and molecular features on treatment response and patients’ outcome were assessed. Results Among the 99 patients, 60 patients were tissue/pleural effusion T790M positive and 69 patients were plasma positive with a median PFS of 12.1 m and 9.9 m (P = 0.25), respectively. In addition, median PFS were similar between patients of plasma T790M + and patients of plasma T790M- (P = 0.94). The Pearson correlation test showed no significant relationship between plasma T790M abundance and PFS (r = 0.074, P = 0.546). In subgroup analyses, PFS was significantly improved in elder patients (P = 0.009) and patients with longer PFS to the first-generation EGFR TKI (P = 0.0008), while smokers tended to have worse PFS compared with non-smokers (P = 0.064). PARP1 mutant-type patients had a worse PFS compared with wild-type group (P = 0.0003). Patients with MYC amplification also had a worse PFS than MYC wild-type patients (P = 0.016). A significant PFS shrinkage was observed in TMB-High group as 6.77 m, compared with 19.10 m in TMB-Low group. The multivariate Cox analysis revealed that years ≥ 65 was an independent positive feature for PFS, while PARP1 mutation and TMB-H were negative features for PFS. Conclusion In conclusion, our findings in this study demonstrated that clinical and molecular features can be served as predictive biomarkers to stratify patients with EGFR T790M-mutant NSCLC receiving second-line Osimertinib. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-022-09683-1.
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16
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Wu H, Zhou S, Li S, Meng X, Tao R, Yu J. Olaparib Combined With Dacomitinib in Osimertinib-Resistant Brain and Leptomeningeal Metastases From Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Case Report and Systematic Review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:877279. [PMID: 35494030 PMCID: PMC9047901 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.877279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer patients with brain and leptomeningeal metastases usually have poor prognosis. For those patients with EGFR mutations, osimertinib, a third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), is the first choice of treatment. However, drug resistance to osimertinib frequently occurs; and to date, the available follow-up treatment strategies have limited efficacy. In this case study, we report that treatments with olaparib, a Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, combined with dacomitinib, a second-generation EGFR TKI, benefited a lung cancer patient with osimertinib-resistant brain and leptomeningeal metastases. This 55-year-old male patient was found to have a pL858R mutation on EGFR exon 21 combined with TP53 and ERBB2 mutations after developing drug resistance to osimertinib treatment. Based on the genetic testing results, he was treated with olaparib and dacomitinib, and obtained 6 months of progression-free survival (PFS) and 13 months of overall survival (OS) after the diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastasis. This case report represents the first study applying PARP inhibitor in combination with dacomitinib in the treatment of leptomeningeal metastases after osimertinib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- Tianjin Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Huaguo Wu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Shizhen Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Shuo Li
- School of Medicine and Life Science, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangji Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Rongjie Tao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jinming Yu, ; Rongjie Tao,
| | - Jinming Yu
- Tianjin Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Jinming Yu, ; Rongjie Tao,
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17
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Ali M, Lu M, Ang HX, Soderquist RS, Eyler CE, Hutchinson HM, Glass C, Bassil CF, Lopez OM, Kerr DL, Falcon CJ, Yu HA, Hata AN, Blakely CM, McCoach CE, Bivona TG, Wood KC. Small-molecule targeted therapies induce dependence on DNA double-strand break repair in residual tumor cells. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabc7480. [PMID: 35353542 PMCID: PMC9516479 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abc7480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Residual cancer cells that survive drug treatments with targeted therapies act as a reservoir from which eventual resistant disease emerges. Although there is great interest in therapeutically targeting residual cells, efforts are hampered by our limited knowledge of the vulnerabilities existing in this cell state. Here, we report that diverse oncogene-targeted therapies, including inhibitors of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), KRAS, and BRAF, induce DNA double-strand breaks and, consequently, ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-dependent DNA repair in oncogene-matched residual tumor cells. This DNA damage response, observed in cell lines, mouse xenograft models, and human patients, is driven by a pathway involving the activation of caspases 3 and 7 and the downstream caspase-activated deoxyribonuclease (CAD). CAD is, in turn, activated through caspase-mediated degradation of its endogenous inhibitor, ICAD. In models of EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), tumor cells that survive treatment with small-molecule EGFR-targeted therapies are thus synthetically dependent on ATM, and combined treatment with an ATM kinase inhibitor eradicates these cells in vivo. This led to more penetrant and durable responses in EGFR mutant NSCLC mouse xenograft models, including those derived from both established cell lines and patient tumors. Last, we found that rare patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC harboring co-occurring, loss-of-function mutations in ATM exhibit extended progression-free survival on first generation EGFR inhibitor therapy relative to patients with EGFR mutant NSCLC lacking deleterious ATM mutations. Together, these findings establish a rationale for the mechanism-based integration of ATM inhibitors alongside existing targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moiez Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Min Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Hazel Xiaohui Ang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Ryan S. Soderquist
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christine E. Eyler
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Haley M. Hutchinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Carolyn Glass
- Department of Pathology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Christopher F. Bassil
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Omar M. Lopez
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - D. Lucas Kerr
- Department of Medicine and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Christina J. Falcon
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Helena A. Yu
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Aaron N. Hata
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
| | - Collin M. Blakely
- Department of Medicine and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Caroline E. McCoach
- Department of Medicine and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Trever G. Bivona
- Department of Medicine and Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Kris C. Wood
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology and Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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18
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Abstract
This overview of the molecular pathology of lung cancer includes a review of the most salient molecular alterations of the genome, transcriptome, and the epigenome. The insights provided by the growing use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in lung cancer will be discussed, and interrelated concepts such as intertumor heterogeneity, intratumor heterogeneity, tumor mutational burden, and the advent of liquid biopsy will be explored. Moreover, this work describes how the evolving field of molecular pathology refines the understanding of different histologic phenotypes of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the underlying biology of small-cell lung cancer. This review will provide an appreciation for how ongoing scientific findings and technologic advances in molecular pathology are crucial for development of biomarkers, therapeutic agents, clinical trials, and ultimately improved patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Saller
- Departments of Pathology and Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Theresa A Boyle
- Departments of Pathology and Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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19
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Abstract
Oxidative stress is caused by homeostasis disrupted by excessively increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to intrinsic or extrinsic causes. Among diseases caused by the abnormal induction of ROS, cancer is a representative disease that shows gender specificity in the development and malignancy. Females have the advantage of longer life expectancy than males because of the genetic advantages derived from X chromosomes, the antioxidant protective function by estrogen, and the decrease in exposure to extrinsic risk factors such as alcohol and smoking. This study first examines the ordinary biological responses to oxidative stress and the effects of ROS on the cancer progression and describes the differences in cancer incidence and mortality by gender and the differences in oxidative stress affected by sex hormones. This paper summarized how several important transcription factors regulate ROS-induced stress and in vivo responses, and how their expression is changed by sex hormones. Estrogen is associated with disease resistance and greater mitochondrial function, and reduces mitochondrial damage and ROS production in females than in males. In addition, estrogen affects the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor (NRF) 2 and the regulation of other antioxidant-related transcription factors through NRF2, leading to benefits in females. Because ROS have a variety of molecular targets in cells, the effective cancer treatment requires understanding the potential of ROS and focusing on the characteristics of the research target such as patient's gender. Therefore, this review intends to emphasize the necessity of discussing gender specificity as a new therapeutic approach for efficient regulation of ROS considering individual specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Young Kim
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Technology, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
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20
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Taek Kim J, Zhang W, Lopategui J, Vail E, Balmanoukian A. Patient With Stage IV NSCLC and CNS Metastasis With EGFR Exon 18-25 Kinase Domain Duplication With Response to Osimertinib as a First-Line Therapy. JCO Precis Oncol 2022; 5:88-92. [PMID: 34994592 DOI: 10.1200/po.20.00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Taek Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jean Lopategui
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Eric Vail
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.,Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Ani Balmanoukian
- Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA.,The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute, Los Angeles, CA
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21
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Ramalingam SS, Thara E, Awad MM, Dowlati A, Haque B, Stinchcombe TE, Dy GK, Spigel DR, Lu S, Iyer Singh N, Tang Y, Teslenko I, Iannotti N. JASPER: Phase 2 trial of first-line niraparib plus pembrolizumab in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer 2022; 128:65-74. [PMID: 34478166 PMCID: PMC9293160 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors may synergize with programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1) inhibitors to enhance adaptive and innate antitumor immune responses. In the phase 2 JASPER study (NCT04475939), the PARP inhibitor niraparib was evaluated in combination with the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab in patients with metastatic and/or locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS Patients whose tumors had programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) tumor proportion scores (TPS) ≥50% (cohort 1) or 1%-49% (cohort 2) received first-line niraparib (200 mg once daily) plus pembrolizumab (200 mg every 3 weeks). The primary end point was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR). Secondary end points included duration of response (DoR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), safety, and pharmacokinetics. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were enrolled in cohorts 1 and 2. In cohort 1, ORR (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 56.3% (9 of 16 patients; 29.9%-80.2%); 2 of 16 patients had complete responses and 7 of 16 had partial responses (PRs). In cohort 2, ORR was 20.0% (5.7%-43.7%) with 4 of 20 PRs. In cohorts 1 and 2, the median DoR was 19.7 months (95% CI, 4.2 months to not estimable [NE]) and 9.4 months (95% CI, 4.2 months to NE), the median PFS was 8.4 months (95% CI, 3.9-22.1 months) and 4.2 months (95% CI, 2.0-6.2 months), and the median OS was NE (95% CI, 6.0 months to NE) and 7.7 months (95% CI, 4.0-12.5 months), respectively. Grade ≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 88.2% and 85.7% of patients in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. Safety was consistent with known profiles of single-agent niraparib and pembrolizumab. CONCLUSIONS Niraparib plus pembrolizumab showed clinical activity in patients with advanced and/or metastatic NSCLC. LAY SUMMARY The JASPER clinical trial studied a new combination treatment for advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pembrolizumab, a drug approved for NSCLC, was given with niraparib. Previous research showed that these 2 drugs together might work better than either drug alone. This study found that more than half of patients with high levels of a tumor marker responded to the combination, and one-fifth of patients with lower levels of the marker responded. The types of side effects from the combination were similar to side effects from both drugs alone. These results support more research on this combination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eddie Thara
- Oncology Institute of Hope and InnovationLos AngelesCalifornia
| | | | - Afshin Dowlati
- University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhio
| | - Basir Haque
- Kadlec Clinic Hematology and OncologyKennewickWashington
| | | | - Grace K. Dy
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer CenterBuffaloNew York
| | - David R. Spigel
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee OncologyNashvilleTennessee
| | | | | | | | - Iryna Teslenko
- GlaxoSmithKlineWalthamMassachusetts
- Present address:
Lantheus Medical ImagingBostonMassachusetts
| | - Nicholas Iannotti
- Hematology Oncology Associates of the Treasure CoastPort St. LucieFlorida
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22
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Disrupted mitochondrial homeostasis coupled with mitotic arrest generates antineoplastic oxidative stress. Oncogene 2022; 41:427-443. [PMID: 34773075 PMCID: PMC8755538 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-02105-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) serve as critical signals in various cellular processes. Excessive ROS cause cell death or senescence and mediates the therapeutic effect of many cancer drugs. Recent studies showed that ROS increasingly accumulate during G2/M arrest, the underlying mechanism, however, has not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that in cancer cells treated with anticancer agent TH287 or paclitaxel that causes M arrest, mitochondria accumulate robustly and produce excessive mitochondrial superoxide, which causes oxidative DNA damage and undermines cell survival and proliferation. While mitochondrial mass is greatly increased in cells arrested at M phase, the mitochondrial function is compromised, as reflected by reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased SUMOylation and acetylation of mitochondrial proteins, as well as an increased metabolic reliance on glycolysis. CHK1 functional disruption decelerates cell cycle, spares the M arrest and attenuates mitochondrial oxidative stress. Induction of mitophagy and blockade of mitochondrial biogenesis, measures that reduce mitochondrial accumulation, also decelerate cell cycle and abrogate M arrest-coupled mitochondrial oxidative stress. These results suggest that cell cycle progression and mitochondrial homeostasis are interdependent and coordinated, and that impairment of mitochondrial homeostasis and the associated redox signaling may mediate the antineoplastic effect of the M arrest-inducing chemotherapeutics. Our findings provide insights into the fate of cells arrested at M phase and have implications in cancer therapy.
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23
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Barcus CE, Hwang PY, Morikis V, Brenot A, Pence P, Clarke M, Longmore GD. Tyrosine kinase-independent actions of DDR2 in tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts influence tumor invasion, migration and metastasis. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:272035. [PMID: 34477203 PMCID: PMC8542384 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Both tumor cell-intrinsic signals and tumor cell-extrinsic signals from cells within the tumor microenvironment influence tumor cell dissemination and metastasis. The fibrillar collagen receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) is essential for breast cancer metastasis in mouse models, and high expression of DDR2 in tumor and tumor stromal cells is strongly associated with poorer clinical outcomes. DDR2 tyrosine kinase activity has been hypothesized to be required for the metastatic activity of DDR2; however, inhibition of DDR2 tyrosine kinase activity, along with that of other RTKs, has failed to provide clinically relevant responses in metastatic patients. Here, we show that tyrosine kinase activity-independent action of DDR2 in tumor cells can support Matrigel invasion and in vivo metastasis. Paracrine actions of DDR2 in tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) also support tumor invasion, migration and lung colonization in vivo. These data suggest that tyrosine kinase-independent functions of DDR2 could explain failures of tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment in metastatic breast cancer patients and highlight the need for alternative therapeutic strategies that inhibit both tyrosine kinase-dependent and -independent actions of RTKs in the treatment of breast cancer. This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig E. Barcus
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA,Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Priscilla Y. Hwang
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA,Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA,College of Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA
| | - Vasilios Morikis
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA,Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Audrey Brenot
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA,Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Patrick Pence
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA,Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Maria Clarke
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA,Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Gregory D. Longmore
- ICCE Institute, Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA,Department of Medicine (Oncology), Washington University, St Louis, MO 63110, USA,Author for correspondence ()
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24
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Scott JG, Sedor G, Ellsworth P, Scarborough JA, Ahmed KA, Oliver DE, Eschrich SA, Kattan MW, Torres-Roca JF. Pan-cancer prediction of radiotherapy benefit using genomic-adjusted radiation dose (GARD): a cohort-based pooled analysis. Lancet Oncol 2021; 22:1221-1229. [PMID: 34363761 DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(21)00347-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite advances in cancer genomics, radiotherapy is still prescribed on the basis of an empirical one-size-fits-all paradigm. Previously, we proposed a novel algorithm using the genomic-adjusted radiation dose (GARD) model to personalise prescription of radiation dose on the basis of the biological effect of a given physical dose of radiation, calculated using individual tumour genomics. We hypothesise that GARD will reveal interpatient heterogeneity associated with opportunities to improve outcomes compared with physical dose of radiotherapy alone. We aimed to test this hypothesis and investigate the GARD-based radiotherapy dosing paradigm. METHODS We did a pooled, pan-cancer analysis of 11 previously published clinical cohorts of unique patients with seven different types of cancer, which are all available cohorts with the data required to calculate GARD, together with clinical outcome. The included cancers were breast cancer, head and neck cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, endometrial cancer, melanoma, and glioma. Our dataset comprised 1615 unique patients, of whom 1298 (982 with radiotherapy, 316 without radiotherapy) were assessed for time to first recurrence and 677 patients (424 with radiotherapy and 253 without radiotherapy) were assessed for overall survival. We analysed two clinical outcomes of interest: time to first recurrence and overall survival. We used Cox regression, stratified by cohort, to test the association between GARD and outcome with separate models using dose of radiation and sham-GARD (ie, patients treated without radiotherapy, but modelled as having a standard-of-care dose of radiotherapy) for comparison. We did interaction tests between GARD and treatment (with or without radiotherapy) using the Wald statistic. FINDINGS Pooled analysis of all available data showed that GARD as a continuous variable is associated with time to first recurrence (hazard ratio [HR] 0·98 [95% CI 0·97-0·99]; p=0·0017) and overall survival (0·97 [0·95-0·99]; p=0·0007). The interaction test showed the effect of GARD on overall survival depends on whether or not that patient received radiotherapy (Wald statistic p=0·011). The interaction test for GARD and radiotherapy was not significant for time to first recurrence (Wald statistic p=0·22). The HR for physical dose of radiation was 0·99 (95% CI 0·97-1·01; p=0·53) for time to first recurrence and 1·00 (0·96-1·04; p=0·95) for overall survival. The HR for sham-GARD was 1·00 (0·97-1·03; p=1·00) for time to first recurrence and 1·00 (0·98-1·02; p=0·87) for overall survival. INTERPRETATION The biological effect of radiotherapy, as quantified by GARD, is significantly associated with time to first recurrence and overall survival for patients with cancer treated with radiation. It is predictive of radiotherapy benefit, and physical dose of radiation is not. We propose integration of genomics into radiation dosing decisions, using a GARD-based framework, as the new paradigm for personalising radiotherapy prescription dose. FUNDING None. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob G Scott
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Radiation Oncology Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Geoffrey Sedor
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Patrick Ellsworth
- School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jessica A Scarborough
- Translational Hematology and Oncology Research, Radiation Oncology Department, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Systems Biology and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kamran A Ahmed
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Daniel E Oliver
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Steven A Eschrich
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Michael W Kattan
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Javier F Torres-Roca
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA; Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA.
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25
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Wang Z, Embaye KS, Yang Q, Qin L, Zhang C, Liu L, Zhan X, Zhang F, Wang X, Qin S. Development and validation of a novel epigenetic-related prognostic signature and candidate drugs for patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:18701-18717. [PMID: 34285141 PMCID: PMC8351720 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background: Epigenetic dysregulation has been increasingly proposed as a hallmark of cancer. Here, the aim of this study is to establish an epigenetic-related signature for predicting the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients. Results: Five epigenetic-related genes (ERGs) (ARRB1, PARP1, PKM, TFDP1, and YWHAZ) were identified as prognostic hub genes and used to establish a prognostic signature. According our risk score system, LUAD patients were stratified into high and low risk groups, and patients in the high risk group had a worse prognosis. ROC analysis indicated that the signature was precise in predicting the prognosis. A new nomogram was constructed based on the five hub genes, which can predict the OS of every LUAD patients. The calibration curves showed that the nomogram had better accuracy in prediction. Finally, candidate drugs that aimed at hub ERGs were identified, which included 47 compounds. Conclusions: Our epigenetic-related signature nomogram can effectively and reliably predict OS of LUAD patients, also we provide precise targeted chemotherapeutic drugs. Methods: The genomic data and clinical data of LUAD cohort were downloaded from the TCGA database and ERGs were obtained from the EpiFactors database. GSE31210 and GSE50081 microarray datasets were included as independent external datasets. Univariate Cox, LASSO regression, and multivariate Cox analyses were applied to construct the epigenetic-related signature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wang
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Kidane Siele Embaye
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Hiser Medical Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266033, China
| | - Lingzhi Qin
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Liwei Liu
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhan
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fengdi Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shenghui Qin
- Institute of Pathology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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26
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Repositioning PARP inhibitors in the treatment of thoracic malignancies. Cancer Treat Rev 2021; 99:102256. [PMID: 34261032 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2021.102256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The evaluation of the homologous recombination repair (HRR) status is emerging as a predictive tumor agnostic biomarker for poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition across different tumor types and testing for HRR-signature is currently a developing area with promising therapeutic implications. Treatment with PARP inhibitors (PARPi) either as single agent or in combination with chemotherapy have shown so far limited activity in patients with thoracic malignancies. A deeper understanding of the biological background underlying HRR-deficient tumors, along with the recent advent of new effective targeted and immunotherapeutic agents, prompted the design of a new generation of clinical trials investigating novel PARPi-combinations in patients with lung cancer as well as malignant pleural mesothelioma. In this review we briefly summarize the biological basis of the DNA damage response pathway inhibition and provide an updated and detailed overview of clinical trials testing different PARPi-combinations strategies in patients with thoracic malignancies.
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27
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Hong T, Lei G, Chen X, Li H, Zhang X, Wu N, Zhao Y, Zhang Y, Wang J. PARP inhibition promotes ferroptosis via repressing SLC7A11 and synergizes with ferroptosis inducers in BRCA-proficient ovarian cancer. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101928. [PMID: 33722571 PMCID: PMC8113041 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacologic inhibition of PARP is the primary therapeutic strategy for BRCA mutant ovarian cancer. However, most of patients carry wild-type BRCA1/2 with no significant clinical benefits from PARP inhibitors, calling for the needs to further understanding and developing new strategy when employing PARP inhibitors to treat ovarian cancer. Here, we show that ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation, is partly responsible for the efficacy of PARP inhibitor olaparib. Mechanistically, pharmacological inhibition or genetic deletion of PARP downregulates the expression of cystine transporter SLC7A11 in a p53-dependent manner. Consequently, decreased glutathione biosynthesis caused by SLC7A11 repression promotes lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis. Furthermore, ferroptosis perturbation results in significant resistance to olaparib without affecting DNA damage response, while boosting ferroptosis by ferroptosis inducers (FINs) synergistically sensitizes BRCA-proficient ovarian cancer cells and xenografts to PARP inhibitor. Together, our results reveal a previously unappreciated mechanism coupling ferroptosis to PARP inhibition and suggest the combination of PARP inhibitor and FINs in the treatment of BRCA-proficient ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hong
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Guang Lei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Early Clinical Trail Center, Office of National Drug Clinical Trail Institution,Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - He Li
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Xiaoye Zhang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Nayiyuan Wu
- Department of the Central Laboratory, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Department of Medicine, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, NY, 14626, USA
| | - Yilei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Yanta District, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410013, China.
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28
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Combining radiomic phenotypes of non-small cell lung cancer with liquid biopsy data may improve prediction of response to EGFR inhibitors. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9984. [PMID: 33976268 PMCID: PMC8113313 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88239-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with therapeutically targetable tumor mutations in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), not all patients respond to targeted therapy. Combining circulating-tumor DNA (ctDNA), clinical variables, and radiomic phenotypes may improve prediction of EGFR-targeted therapy outcomes for NSCLC. This single-center retrospective study included 40 EGFR-mutant advanced NSCLC patients treated with EGFR-targeted therapy. ctDNA data included number of mutations and detection of EGFR T790M. Clinical data included age, smoking status, and ECOG performance status. Baseline chest CT scans were analyzed to extract 429 radiomic features from each primary tumor. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was used to group tumors into phenotypes. Kaplan–Meier (K–M) curves and Cox proportional hazards regression were modeled for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Likelihood ratio test (LRT) was used to compare fit between models. Among 40 patients (73% women, median age 62 years), consensus clustering identified two radiomic phenotypes. For PFS, the model combining radiomic phenotypes with ctDNA and clinical variables had c-statistic of 0.77 and a better fit (LRT p = 0.01) than the model with clinical and ctDNA variables alone with a c-statistic of 0.73. For OS, adding radiomic phenotypes resulted in c-statistic of 0.83 versus 0.80 when using clinical and ctDNA variables (LRT p = 0.08). Both models showed separation of K–M curves dichotomized by median prognostic score (p < 0.005). Combining radiomic phenotypes, ctDNA, and clinical variables may enhance precision oncology approaches to managing advanced non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations.
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29
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EGFR mutation mediates resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in NSCLC: From molecular mechanisms to clinical research. Pharmacol Res 2021; 167:105583. [PMID: 33775864 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
With the development of precision medicine, molecular targeted therapy has been widely used in the field of cancer, especially in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a well-recognized and effective target for NSCLC therapies, targeted EGFR therapy with EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) has achieved ideal clinical efficacy in recent years. Unfortunately, resistance to EGFR-TKIs inevitably occurs due to various mechanisms after a period of therapy. EGFR mutations, such as T790M and C797S, are the most common mechanism of EGFR-TKI resistance. Here, we discuss the mechanisms of EGFR-TKIs resistance induced by secondary EGFR mutations, highlight the development of targeted drugs to overcome EGFR mutation-mediated resistance, and predict the promising directions for development of novel candidates.
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30
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Foggetti G, Li C, Cai H, Hellyer JA, Lin WY, Ayeni D, Hastings K, Choi J, Wurtz A, Andrejka L, Maghini DG, Rashleigh N, Levy S, Homer R, Gettinger SN, Diehn M, Wakelee HA, Petrov DA, Winslow MM, Politi K. Genetic Determinants of EGFR-Driven Lung Cancer Growth and Therapeutic Response In Vivo. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:1736-1753. [PMID: 33707235 PMCID: PMC8530463 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In lung adenocarcinoma, oncogenic EGFR mutations co-occur with many tumor suppressor gene alterations; however, the extent to which these contribute to tumor growth and response to therapy in vivo remains largely unknown. By quantifying the effects of inactivating 10 putative tumor suppressor genes in a mouse model of EGFR-driven Trp53-deficient lung adenocarcinoma, we found that Apc, Rb1, or Rbm10 inactivation strongly promoted tumor growth. Unexpectedly, inactivation of Lkb1 or Setd2-the strongest drivers of growth in a KRAS-driven model-reduced EGFR-driven tumor growth. These results are consistent with mutational frequencies in human EGFR- and KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinomas. Furthermore, KEAP1 inactivation reduced the sensitivity of EGFR-driven tumors to the EGFR inhibitor osimertinib, and mutations in genes in the KEAP1 pathway were associated with decreased time on tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment in patients. Our study highlights how the impact of genetic alterations differs across oncogenic contexts and that the fitness landscape shifts upon treatment. SIGNIFICANCE: By modeling complex genotypes in vivo, this study reveals key tumor suppressors that constrain the growth of EGFR-mutant tumors. Furthermore, we uncovered that KEAP1 inactivation reduces the sensitivity of these tumors to tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Thus, our approach identifies genotypes of biological and therapeutic importance in this disease.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1601.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Foggetti
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Hongchen Cai
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Jessica A Hellyer
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Wen-Yang Lin
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Deborah Ayeni
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Jungmin Choi
- Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Anna Wurtz
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Laura Andrejka
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Dylan G Maghini
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | | | - Stellar Levy
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Robert Homer
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,VA Connecticut Healthcare System, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Service, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Scott N Gettinger
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Maximilian Diehn
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Heather A Wakelee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Dmitri A Petrov
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Monte M Winslow
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California. .,Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California.,Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Katerina Politi
- Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut. .,Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.,Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
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31
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Magalhaes YT, Farias JO, Silva LE, Forti FL. GTPases, genome, actin: A hidden story in DNA damage response and repair mechanisms. DNA Repair (Amst) 2021; 100:103070. [PMID: 33618126 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2021.103070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The classical small Rho GTPase (Rho, Rac, and Cdc42) protein family is mainly responsible for regulating cell motility and polarity, membrane trafficking, cell cycle control, and gene transcription. Cumulative recent evidence supports important roles for these proteins in the maintenance of genomic stability. Indeed, DNA damage response (DDR) and repair mechanisms are some of the prime biological processes that underlie several disease phenotypes, including genetic disorders, cancer, senescence, and premature aging. Many reports guided by different experimental approaches and molecular hypotheses have demonstrated that, to some extent, direct modulation of Rho GTPase activity, their downstream effectors, or actin cytoskeleton regulation contribute to these cellular events. Although much attention has been paid to this family in the context of canonical actin cytoskeleton remodeling, here we provide a contextualized review of the interplay between Rho GTPase signaling pathways and the DDR and DNA repair signaling components. Interesting questions yet to be addressed relate to the spatiotemporal dynamics of this collective response and whether it correlates with different subcellular pools of Rho GTPases. We highlight the direct and indirect targets, some of which still lack experimental validation data, likely associated with Rho GTPase activation that provides compelling evidence for further investigation in DNA damage-associated events and with potential therapeutic applications in translational medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli T Magalhaes
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Systems Signaling, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jessica O Farias
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Systems Signaling, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz E Silva
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Systems Signaling, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabio L Forti
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Systems Signaling, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Targeting the DNA replication stress phenotype of KRAS mutant cancer cells. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3656. [PMID: 33574444 PMCID: PMC7878884 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83142-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutant KRAS is a common tumor driver and frequently confers resistance to anti-cancer treatments such as radiation. DNA replication stress in these tumors may constitute a therapeutic liability but is poorly understood. Here, using single-molecule DNA fiber analysis, we first characterized baseline replication stress in a panel of unperturbed isogenic and non-isogenic cancer cell lines. Correlating with the observed enhanced replication stress we found increased levels of cytosolic double-stranded DNA in KRAS mutant compared to wild-type cells. Yet, despite this phenotype replication stress-inducing agents failed to selectively impact KRAS mutant cells, which were protected by CHK1. Similarly, most exogenous stressors studied did not differentially augment cytosolic DNA accumulation in KRAS mutant compared to wild-type cells. However, we found that proton radiation was able to slow fork progression and preferentially induce fork stalling in KRAS mutant cells. Proton treatment also partly reversed the radioresistance associated with mutant KRAS. The cellular effects of protons in the presence of KRAS mutation clearly contrasted that of other drugs affecting replication, highlighting the unique nature of the underlying DNA damage caused by protons. Taken together, our findings provide insight into the replication stress response associated with mutated KRAS, which may ultimately yield novel therapeutic opportunities.
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Platelet-Activating Factor-Receptor Signaling Mediates Targeted Therapies-Induced Microvesicle Particles Release in Lung Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228517. [PMID: 33198218 PMCID: PMC7696385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microvesicle particles (MVP) secreted by a variety of cell types in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating pro-oxidative stressors have been implicated in modifying the cellular responses including the sensitivity to therapeutic agents. Our previous studies have shown that expression of a G-protein coupled, platelet-activating factor-receptor (PAFR) pathway plays critical roles in pro-oxidative stressors-mediated cancer growth and MVP release. As most therapeutic agents act as pro-oxidative stressors, the current studies were designed to determine the role of the PAFR signaling in targeted therapies (i.e., gefitinib and erlotinib)-mediated MVP release and underlying mechanisms using PAFR-expressing human A549 and H1299 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Our studies demonstrate that both gefitinib and erlotinib generate ROS in a dose-dependent manner in a process blocked by antioxidant and PAFR antagonist, verifying their pro-oxidative stressor’s ability, and the role of the PAFR in this effect. We observed that these targeted therapies induce MVP release in a dose- and time-dependent manner, similar to a PAFR-agonist, carbamoyl-PAF (CPAF), and PAFR-independent agonist, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), used as positive controls. To confirm the PAFR dependency, we demonstrate that siRNA-mediated PAFR knockdown or PAFR antagonist significantly blocked only targeted therapies- and CPAF-mediated but not PMA-induced MVP release. The use of pharmacologic inhibitor strategy suggested the involvement of the lipid ceramide-generating enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) in MVP biogenesis, and observed that regardless of the stimuli used, aSMase inhibition significantly blocked MVP release. As mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK; ERK1/2 and p38) pathways crosstalk with PAFR, their inhibition also significantly attenuated targeted therapies-mediated MVP release. These findings indicate that PAFR signaling could be targeted to modify cellular responses of targeted therapies in lung cancer cells.
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Xu SJ, Wang X, Wang TY, Lin ZZ, Hu YJ, Huang ZL, Yang XJ, Xu P. Flavonoids from Rosaroxburghii Tratt prevent reactive oxygen species-mediated DNA damage in thymus cells both combined with and without PARP-1 expression after exposure to radiation in vivo. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:16368-16389. [PMID: 32862153 PMCID: PMC7485694 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the role of FRT in ROS/DNA regulation with or without PARP-1 in radiation-injured thymus cells. The administration of FRT to PARP-1-/- (KO) mice demonstrated that FRT significantly increased the viability of thymus cells and decreased their rate of apoptosis through PARP-1. Radiation increased the levels of ROS, γ-H2AX and 53BP1, and induced DNA double strand breaks. Compared with wild type (WT) mice, levels of ROS, γ-H2AX and 53BP1 in KO mice were much less elevated. The FRT treatment groups also showed little reduction in these indicators in KO mice compared with WT mice. The results of the KO mice study indicated that FRT reduced ROS activation through inhibition of PARP-1. Furthermore, FRT reduced the concentrations of γ-H2AX by decreasing ROS activation. However, we found that FRT did not regulate 53BP1, a marker of DNA damage, because of its elimination of ROS. Levels of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), exhibited no significant difference after irradiation in KO mice. To summarize, ROS suppression by PARP-1 knockout in KO mice highlights potential therapeutic target either by PARP-1 inhibition combined with radiation or by treatment with a drug therapy alone. AIF-induced apoptosis could not be activated in KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Juan Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xia Wang
- College of Medical Laboratory, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Tao-Yang Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Zheng-Zhan Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Jian Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Zhong-Lin Huang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Xian-Jun Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Regeneration, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, Henan, China
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35
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Hayes JD, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Tew KD. Oxidative Stress in Cancer. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:167-197. [PMID: 32649885 DOI: 10.1016/jxcell.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Contingent upon concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence cancer evolution in apparently contradictory ways, either initiating/stimulating tumorigenesis and supporting transformation/proliferation of cancer cells or causing cell death. To accommodate high ROS levels, tumor cells modify sulfur-based metabolism, NADPH generation, and the activity of antioxidant transcription factors. During initiation, genetic changes enable cell survival under high ROS levels by activating antioxidant transcription factors or increasing NADPH via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). During progression and metastasis, tumor cells adapt to oxidative stress by increasing NADPH in various ways, including activation of AMPK, the PPP, and reductive glutamine and folate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Hayes
- Division of Cellular Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK, Scotland.
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cellular Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK, Scotland; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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36
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Hayes JD, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Tew KD. Oxidative Stress in Cancer. Cancer Cell 2020; 38:167-197. [PMID: 32649885 PMCID: PMC7439808 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1129] [Impact Index Per Article: 282.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Contingent upon concentration, reactive oxygen species (ROS) influence cancer evolution in apparently contradictory ways, either initiating/stimulating tumorigenesis and supporting transformation/proliferation of cancer cells or causing cell death. To accommodate high ROS levels, tumor cells modify sulfur-based metabolism, NADPH generation, and the activity of antioxidant transcription factors. During initiation, genetic changes enable cell survival under high ROS levels by activating antioxidant transcription factors or increasing NADPH via the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). During progression and metastasis, tumor cells adapt to oxidative stress by increasing NADPH in various ways, including activation of AMPK, the PPP, and reductive glutamine and folate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Hayes
- Division of Cellular Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK, Scotland.
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Division of Cellular Medicine, Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK, Scotland; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kenneth D Tew
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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Sun C, Gao W, Liu J, Cheng H, Hao J. FGL1 regulates acquired resistance to Gefitinib by inhibiting apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Respir Res 2020; 21:210. [PMID: 32778129 PMCID: PMC7418324 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01477-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study investigated the role of fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) in regulating gefitinib resistance of PC9/GR non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The effect of different concentrations of gefitinib on cell proliferation were evaluated using the CCK-8 assay. FGL1 expression in the normal human bronchial epithelial cell line Beas-2B, as well as four lung tumor cell lines, H1975, A549, PC9, and PC9/GR, was investigated by using western blotting and qRT-PCR. FGL1 was knocked down using small interfering RNA to evaluate the effects of FGL1 on PC9 and PC9/GR. The correlation between FGL1 expression and gefitinib resistance was determined in vitro via CCK-8 and colony formation assays, and flow cytometry and in vivo via flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Results FGL1 expression was significantly upregulated in non-small cell lung cancer cells with EGFR mutation and higher in the gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell line PC9/GR than in the gefitinib-sensitive NSCLC cell line PC9. Further, FGL1 expression in PC9 and PC9/GR cells increased in response to gefitinib treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Knockdown of FGL1 suppressed cell viability, reduced the gefitinib IC50 value, and enhanced apoptosis in PC9 and PC9/GR cells upon gefitinib treatment. Mouse xenograft experiments showed that FGL1 knockdown in PC9/GR tumor cells enhanced the inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing actions of gefitinib. The potential mechanism of gefitinib in inducing apoptosis of PC9/GR cells involves inhibition of PARP1 and caspase 3 expression via suppression of FGL1. Conclusions FGL1 confers gefitinib resistance in the NSCLC cell line PC9/GR by regulating the PARP1/caspase 3 pathway. Hence, FGL1 is a potential therapeutic target to improve the treatment response of NSCLC patients with acquired resistance to gefitinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuilan Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Weiwei Gao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jiatao Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China
| | - Jiqing Hao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, Anhui, China.
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Qin Q, Li X, Liang X, Zeng L, Wang J, Sun L, Zhong D. CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib overcomes acquired resistance to third-generation EGFR inhibitor osimertinib in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:2389-2397. [PMID: 32677256 PMCID: PMC7471056 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The third‐generation EGFR‐TKI, represented by osimertinib, has been widely used in clinical practice; however, resistance eventually emerges. At present, it remains unclear whether an abnormal cell cycle is involved in acquired resistance, and whether the combination of palbociclib (CDK4/6 inhibitor) and osimertinib can overcome the third‐generation TKI resistance. Methods We established osimertinib‐resistant cells (H1975 OR) derived from EGFR‐mutant NSCLC cells H1975. Drug effects on cells were assessed with Cell Counting Kit‐8 (CCK8). Protein alterations were detected with western blot analysis. RT‐PCR was used to evaluate the differences of gene mRNA. Cell cycle distribution of H1975 S and H1975 OR cells was compared using flow cytometry. Results Compared with H1975, the sensitivity of H1975OR to the CDK4/6 inhibitor was increased and the proportion of cells in G1 phase was decreased. The mRNA level of CDK4, CDK 6 and the protein level of CDK4, pRB were increased in H1975OR. In the H1975OR cells, palbociclib significantly increased the proportion of G1 phase cells. The combination of osimertinib and palbociclib synergistically decreased the survival of H1975OR by cell cycle arrest. Combined treatment was found to inhibit the initial phosphorylation of RB by inhibiting the function of CDK4/6, significantly reducing the level of p‐RB, and blocking cell proliferation. Conclusions An osimertinib acquired resistance cell line (H1975 OR) was successfully established. The expression of cell cycle related genes was altered in H1975OR. The expression of CDK4 and the phosphorylation of Rb, the downstream molecule of CDK4/6, was increased in H1975OR cells. The combination of CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib and osimertinib could overcome the acquired resistance of osimertinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Qin
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xingmei Liang
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lili Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Diansheng Zhong
- Department of Oncology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Active RAC1 Promotes Tumorigenic Phenotypes and Therapy Resistance in Solid Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061541. [PMID: 32545340 PMCID: PMC7352592 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acting as molecular switches, all three members of the Guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-ase-family, Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate (RAC), Rho, and Cdc42 contribute to various processes of oncogenic transformations in several solid tumors. We have reviewed the distribution of patterns regarding the frequency of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1)-alteration(s) and their modes of actions in various cancers. The RAC1 hyperactivation/copy-number gain is one of the frequently observed features in various solid tumors. We argued that RAC1 plays a critical role in the progression of tumors and the development of resistance to various therapeutic modalities applied in the clinic. With this perspective, here we interrogated multiple functions of RAC1 in solid tumors pertaining to the progression of tumors and the development of resistance with a special emphasis on different tumor cell phenotypes, including the inhibition of apoptosis and increase in the proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness, pro-angiogenic, and metastatic phenotypes. Our review focuses on the role of RAC1 in adult solid-tumors and summarizes the contextual mechanisms of RAC1 involvement in the development of resistance to cancer therapies.
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40
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Rodríguez-Hernández MA, de la Cruz-Ojeda P, López-Grueso MJ, Navarro-Villarán E, Requejo-Aguilar R, Castejón-Vega B, Negrete M, Gallego P, Vega-Ochoa Á, Victor VM, Cordero MD, Del Campo JA, Bárcena JA, Padilla CA, Muntané J. Integrated molecular signaling involving mitochondrial dysfunction and alteration of cell metabolism induced by tyrosine kinase inhibitors in cancer. Redox Biol 2020; 36:101510. [PMID: 32593127 PMCID: PMC7322178 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells have unlimited replicative potential, insensitivity to growth-inhibitory signals, evasion of apoptosis, cellular stress, and sustained angiogenesis, invasiveness and metastatic potential. Cancer cells adequately adapt cell metabolism and integrate several intracellular and redox signaling to promote cell survival in an inflammatory and hypoxic microenvironment in order to maintain/expand tumor phenotype. The administration of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) constitutes the recommended therapeutic strategy in different malignancies at advanced stages. There are important interrelationships between cell stress, redox status, mitochondrial function, metabolism and cellular signaling pathways leading to cell survival/death. The induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest widely related to the antitumoral properties of TKIs result from tightly controlled events involving different cellular compartments and signaling pathways. The aim of the present review is to update the most relevant studies dealing with the impact of TKI treatment on cell function. The induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and Ca2+ disturbances, leading to alteration of mitochondrial function, redox status and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt)-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways that involve cell metabolism reprogramming in cancer cells will be covered. Emphasis will be given to studies that identify key components of the integrated molecular pattern including receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) downstream signaling, cell death and mitochondria-related events that appear to be involved in the resistance of cancer cells to TKI treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Rodríguez-Hernández
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), IBiS/Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - P de la Cruz-Ojeda
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), IBiS/Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Mª José López-Grueso
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Elena Navarro-Villarán
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), IBiS/Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Requejo-Aguilar
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Beatriz Castejón-Vega
- Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - María Negrete
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), IBiS/Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Paloma Gallego
- Unit for the Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases, Hospital University "Nuestra Señora de Valme", Sevilla, Spain
| | - Álvaro Vega-Ochoa
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), IBiS/Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Victor M Victor
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain; Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital University "Doctor Peset", Foundation for the Promotion of Health and Biomedical Research in the Valencian Region (FISABIO), Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Mario D Cordero
- Research Laboratory, Oral Medicine Department, University of Seville, Seville, Spain; Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Biomedical Research Center (CIBM), University of Granada, Armilla, Spain
| | - José A Del Campo
- Unit for the Clinical Management of Digestive Diseases, Hospital University "Nuestra Señora de Valme", Sevilla, Spain
| | - J Antonio Bárcena
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - C Alicia Padilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Cordoba, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain
| | - Jordi Muntané
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), IBiS/Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Madrid, Spain; Department of General Surgery, Hospital University "Virgen del Rocío"/IBiS/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spain.
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RAC1 as a Therapeutic Target in Malignant Melanoma. Trends Cancer 2020; 6:478-488. [PMID: 32460002 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2020.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Small GTPases of the RAS and RHO families are related signaling proteins that, when activated by growth factors or by mutation, drive oncogenic processes. While activating mutations in KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS genes have long been recognized and occur in many types of cancer, similar mutations in RHO family genes, such as RAC1 and RHOA, have only recently been detected as the result of extensive cancer genome-sequencing efforts and are linked to a restricted set of malignancies. In this review, we focus on the role of RAC1 signaling in malignant melanoma, emphasizing recent advances that describe how this oncoprotein alters melanocyte proliferation and motility and how these findings might lead to new therapeutics in RAC1-mutant tumors.
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Synergistic lethality between PARP-trapping and alantolactone-induced oxidative DNA damage in homologous recombination-proficient cancer cells. Oncogene 2020; 39:2905-2920. [PMID: 32029902 PMCID: PMC7118026 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-1191-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PARP1 and PARP2 play critical roles in regulating DNA repair and PARP inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of BRCA1/2-mutated ovarian and breast cancers. It has long been known that PARP inhibition sensitizes cancer cells to DNA-damaging cytotoxic agents independent of BRCA status, however, clinical use of PARP inhibitors in combination with DNA-damaging chemotherapy is limited by the more-than-additive cytotoxicity. The natural compound alantolactone (ATL) inhibits the thioredoxin reductase to induce ROS accumulation and oxidative DNA damage selectively in cancer cells. Here, we showed that nontoxic doses of ATL markedly synergized with the PARP inhibitor olaparib to result in synthetic lethality irrespective of homologous recombination status. Synergistic cytotoxicity was seen in cancer but not noncancerous cells and was reduced by the ROS inhibitor NAC or knockdown of OGG1, demonstrating that the cytotoxicity resulted from the repair of ATL-induced oxidative DNA damage. PARP1 knockdown suppressed the synergistic lethality and olaparib was much more toxic than veliparib when combined with ATL, suggesting PARP-trapping as the primary inducer of cytotoxicity. Consistently, combined use of ATL and olaparib caused intense signs of replication stress and formation of double strand DNA breaks, leading to S and G2 arrest followed by apoptosis. In vivo, the combination effectively induced regression of tumor xenografts, while either agent alone had no effect. Hence, PARP trapping combined with specific pro-oxidative agents may provide safe and effective ways to broaden the therapeutic potential of PARP inhibitors.
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Liu Q, Lopez K, Murnane J, Humphrey T, Barcellos-Hoff MH. Misrepair in Context: TGFβ Regulation of DNA Repair. Front Oncol 2019; 9:799. [PMID: 31552165 PMCID: PMC6736563 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair of DNA damage protects genomic integrity, which is key to tissue functional integrity. In cancer, the type and fidelity of DNA damage response is the fundamental basis for clinical response to cytotoxic therapy. Here we consider the contribution of transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ), a ubiquitous, pleotropic cytokine that is abundant in the tumor microenvironment, to therapeutic response. The action of TGFβ is best illustrated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Survival of HNSCC patients with human papilloma virus (HPV) positive cancer is more than double compared to those with HPV-negative HNSCC. Notably, HPV infection profoundly impairs TGFβ signaling. HPV blockade of TGFβ signaling, or pharmaceutical TGFβ inhibition that phenocopies HPV infection, shifts cancer cells from error-free homologous-recombination DNA double-strand-break (DSB) repair to error-prone alternative end-joining (altEJ). Cells using altEJ are more sensitive to standard of care radiotherapy and cisplatin, and are sensitized to PARP inhibitors. Hence, HPV-positive HNSCC is an experiment of nature that provides a strong rationale for the use of TGFβ inhibitors for optimal therapeutic combinations that improve patient outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States.,Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory (SZBL), Shenzhen, China
| | - Kirsten Lopez
- Department of Oncology, CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - John Murnane
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Timothy Humphrey
- Department of Oncology, CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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