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Maimaiti Y, Su T, Zhang Z, Ma L, Zhang Y, Xu H. NOX4-mediated astrocyte ferroptosis in Alzheimer's disease. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:88. [PMID: 38956702 PMCID: PMC11218381 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01266-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) involvement in iron-mediated astrocyte cell death in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) using single-cell sequencing data and transcriptomes. We analyzed AD single-cell RNA sequencing data, identified astrocyte marker genes, and explored biological processes in astrocytes. We integrated AD-related chip data with ferroptosis-related genes, highlighting NOX4. We validated NOX4's role in ferroptosis and AD in vitro and in vivo. Astrocyte marker genes were enriched in AD, emphasizing their role. NOX4 emerged as a crucial player in astrocytic ferroptosis in AD. Silencing NOX4 mitigated ferroptosis, improved cognition, reduced Aβ and p-Tau levels, and alleviated mitochondrial abnormalities. NOX4 promotes astrocytic ferroptosis, underscoring its significance in AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasenjiang Maimaiti
- Gerontology Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No.91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Ting Su
- Gerontology Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No.91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhanying Zhang
- Gerontology Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No.91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lingling Ma
- Gerontology Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No.91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Gerontology Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No.91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Gerontology Center, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No.91 Tianchi Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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2
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Leterrier S, Goutal S, Hugon G, Goislard M, Saba W, Hosten B, Specklin S, Winkeler A, Tournier N. Imaging quantitative changes in blood-brain barrier permeability using [ 18F]2-fluoro-2-deoxy-sorbitol ([ 18F]FDS) PET in relation to glial cell recruitment in a mouse model of endotoxemia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:1117-1127. [PMID: 38441006 PMCID: PMC11179610 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241236755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The quantitative relationship between the disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the recruitment of glial cells was explored in a mouse model of endotoxemia. [18F]2-Fluoro-2-deoxy-sorbitol ([18F]FDS) PET imaging was used as a paracellular marker for quantitative monitoring of BBB permeability after i.v injection of increasing doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or vehicle (saline, n = 5). The brain distribution of [18F]FDS (VT, mL.cm-3) was estimated using kinetic modeling. LPS dose-dependently increased the brain VT of [18F]FDS after injection of LPS 4 mg/kg (5.2 ± 2.4-fold, n = 4, p < 0.01) or 5 mg/kg (9.0 ± 9.1-fold, n = 4, p < 0.01) but not 3 mg/kg (p > 0.05, n = 7). In 12 individuals belonging to the different groups, changes in BBB permeability were compared with expression of markers of astrocyte (GFAP) and microglial cell (CD11b) using ex vivo immunohistochemistry. Increased expression of CD11b and GFAP expression was observed in mice injected with 3 mg/kg of LPS, which did not increase with higher LPS doses. Quantitative [18F]FDS PET imaging can capture different levels of BBB permeability in vivo. A biphasic effect was observed with the lowest dose of LPS that triggered neuroinflammation without disruptive changes in BBB permeability, and higher LPS doses that increased BBB permeability without additional recruitment of glial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Leterrier
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Sébastien Goutal
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Gaëlle Hugon
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Maud Goislard
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Wadad Saba
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Benoit Hosten
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Simon Specklin
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Alexandra Winkeler
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
| | - Nicolas Tournier
- Laboratoire d’Imagerie Biomédicale Multimodale (BioMaps), Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CNRS, Orsay, France
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3
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Chen Z, Wang J, Zhou J, Yu H, Zheng L, Chen Y, Wan X, Zhang W. Tripterygium drug-loaded liposome alleviates renal function by promoting vascularization and inhibiting fibrosis. Front Chem 2024; 12:1427670. [PMID: 39010937 PMCID: PMC11246911 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1427670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Tripterygium species have been traditionally used in Chinese medicine for treating various conditions. The aim of the study was to construct a drug-modified renal infarction targeting liposome (rTor-LIP) containing Tripterygium in order to improve the therapeutic effect on renal injury. Methods: rTor-LIP was prepared using the extruder method containing Tripterygium solution. The preparation was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Marvin laser particle size analyzer, and Western blotting. In vitro experiments were conducted to verify the biocompatibility of rTor-LIP, and in vivo experiments were conducted to verify the therapeutic effect of rTor- LIP on renal injury. Results and discussion: The surface of rTor-LIP was regular and oval. In vitro results showed that after co-incubation with rTor-LIP, endothelial cells did not show significant apoptosis, and there were no significant abnormalities in the mitochondrial metabolism. The in vivo results showed that the morphology of endothelial cells in the rTor-LIP group was uniform and the cytoplasmic striations were clear, but the local striations had disappeared. Thus, rTor-LIP nano-targeted liposomes can effectively target hypoxic kidney tissue, providing a new idea for the treatment of renal infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou, China
| | - Jianyu Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Taizhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Haifeng Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Department of Nephrology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wan
- Department of Nephrology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Taizhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Taizhou University, Taizhou, China
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Lu YQ, Wang Y. Multi-Omic Analysis Reveals Genetic Determinants and Therapeutic Targets of Chronic Kidney Disease and Kidney Function. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6033. [PMID: 38892221 PMCID: PMC11172763 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents a significant global health challenge, characterized by complex pathophysiology. This study utilized a multi-omic approach, integrating genomic data from the CKDGen consortium alongside transcriptomic, metabolomic, and proteomic data to elucidate the genetic underpinnings and identify therapeutic targets for CKD and kidney function. We employed a range of analytical methods including cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association studies (TWASs), Mendelian randomization (MR), summary-based MR (SMR), and molecular docking. These analyses collectively identified 146 cross-tissue genetic associations with CKD and kidney function. Key Golgi apparatus-related genes (GARGs) and 41 potential drug targets were highlighted, with MAP3K11 emerging as a significant gene from the TWAS and MR data, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic target. Capsaicin displayed promising drug-target interactions in molecular docking analyses. Additionally, metabolome- and proteome-wide MR (PWMR) analyses revealed 33 unique metabolites and critical inflammatory proteins such as FGF5 that are significantly linked to and colocalized with CKD and kidney function. These insights deepen our understanding of CKD pathogenesis and highlight novel targets for treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yirong Wang
- School of Biology & Basic Medical Sciences, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China;
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Li Y, Zhang C, Zhao Z. KNOCKDOWN OF CIRC_0114428 ALLEVIATES LPS-INDUCED HK2 CELL APOPTOSIS AND INFLAMMATION INJURY VIA TARGETING MIR-215-5P/TRAF6/NF-ΚB AXIS IN SEPTIC ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY. Shock 2024; 61:620-629. [PMID: 38010029 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease that can cause multiple organ damage. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to play a regulatory role in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI); however, the role of circ_0114428 has not been studied. Methods: In this study, HK2 cells were treated with different concentrations of LPS to induce cell damage, and then the expressions of circ_0114428, microRNA-215-5p (miR-215-5p), and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and Western blot examined the Bax and cleaved-Caspase-3 proteins. Cell proliferation was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and thymidine analog 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay. In addition, cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and the levels of inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: After LPS treatment with different concentrations, we found that LPS at 10 μg/mL had the best effect on HK2 cells. Circ_0114428 was highly expressed in sepsis-AKI patients and LPS-treated HK2 cells. Knockdown of circ_0114428 restored the effects of LPS treatment on proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory response of HK2 cells. MiR-215-5p was a target of circ_0114428, and TRAF6 was a downstream target of miR-215-5p. Circ_0114428 regulated TRAF6 expression by sponging miR-215-5p in LPS-treated HK2 cells. Circ_0114428 regulated LPS-induced NF-κB signaling in HK2 cells by targeting miR-215-5p/TRAF6 axis. Conclusion: Circ_0114428 knockdown abolished the cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammatory damage in LPS-induced HK2 cells by targeting miR-215-5p/TRAF6/NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Critical Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhongyan Zhao
- Department of Critical Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Jiang L, Huang M, Ge J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Liu H, Liu X, Jiang L. Circular RNA hsa_circ_0005519 contributes to acute kidney injury via sponging microRNA-98-5p. BMC Nephrol 2024; 25:107. [PMID: 38504194 PMCID: PMC10949765 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-024-03544-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study intends to explore the role and molecular mechanism of hsa_circ_0005519 in acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS We conducted reverse transcription-qPCR for human serum to determine levels of hsa_circ_0005519 in AKI patients and healthy controls. Hsa_circ_0005519 was inhibited for expression in HK-2 cells using specific siRNAs. A number of techniques, MTT and ELISA assays, were used to analyze the potential role of hsa_circ_0005519 in cell viability, oxidative stress, and inflammation of LPS-induced HK-2 cells. RESULTS The serum of patients with AKI exhibited a significant increase in hsa_circ_0005519 expression, compared with healthy controls. Hsa_circ_0005519 was knockdown by siRNA, and its knockdown led to cell viability increase in LPS-induced HK-2 cells. Inhibition of hsa_circ_0005519 can reverse the TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β increase in LPS-induced HK-2 cells. Inhibiting hsa_circ_0005519 led to downregulation of MPO and MDA levels. MiR-98-5p was a downstream miRNA for hsa_circ_0005519. MiR-98-5p can offset the effects of hsa_circ_0005519 on LPS-induced HK-2 cells. IFG1R was a target gene for miR-98-5p. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the highly expressed hsa_circ_0005519 plays a promoting role in AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linsen Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Manxin Huang
- School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, China
| | - Jun Ge
- Department of Nephrology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Jinbu Street, Muping District, Yantai, 264100, China
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264100, China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Jinbu Street, Muping District, Yantai, 264100, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Jinbu Street, Muping District, Yantai, 264100, China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, No. 717, Jinbu Street, Muping District, Yantai, 264100, China.
| | - Lili Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County People's Hospital, No.102, Middle Road, Taohuayuan Avenue, Taohuayuan Street, Youyang County, Chongqing, 409800, China.
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7
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Lee SR, Lee HE, Yoo JY, An EJ, Song SJ, Han KH, Cha DR, Bae YS. Nox4-SH3YL1 complex is involved in diabetic nephropathy. iScience 2024; 27:108868. [PMID: 38318360 PMCID: PMC10839645 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Nox4-derived H2O2 generation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) such as diabetic nephropathy (DN). Here, we showed that SH3 domain-containing Ysc84-like 1 (SH3YL1), a Nox4 cytosolic activator, regulated DN. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type Ⅰ diabetic models in SH3YL1 whole-body knockout (KO) mice and podocyte-specific SH3YL1 conditional KO (Nphs2-Cre/SH3YL1fl/fl) mice were established to investigate the function of SH3YL1 in DN. The expression of fibrosis markers and inflammatory cytokines, the generation of oxidative stress, and the loss of podocytes were suppressed in diabetic SH3YL1 KO and Nphs2-Cre/SH3YL1fl/fl mice, compared to diabetic control mice. To extrapolate the observations derived from diabetic mice to clinical implication, we measured the protein level of SH3YL1 in patients DN. In fact, the SH3YL1 level was increased in patients DN. Overall, the SH3YL1-Nox4 complex was identified to play an important role in renal inflammation and fibrosis, resulting in the development of DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Rom Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Hye Eun Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Jung-Yeon Yoo
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Eun Jung An
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Song
- Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Ki-Hwan Han
- Department of Anatomy, Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul 07804, Korea
| | - Dae Ryong Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Korea University Ansan Hospital, 516 Kojan-Dong, Ansan City, Kyungki-Do 15355, Korea
| | - Yun Soo Bae
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Xiao H, Ren GL, Hu JH, Chen JH, Yang X, Xiao X, Li Q, Yang HP. Cucurbit[8]uril-Based Supramolecular Probe for the Detection of 3-Nitrotyrosine in Human Serum and Plasma. ACS Sens 2024; 9:424-432. [PMID: 38214465 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
The biomarker 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) is widely recognized as an indicator of renal oxidative stress injury, making its detection crucial for the early identification of renal insufficiency. This study presents the design and synthesis of a tetraphenylstyrene imidazole derivative (TIPE-MI), which is utilized to create a supramolecular probe in conjunction with cucurbit[8]uril (Q[8]) through host-guest interactions. The resulting supramolecular self-assembly exhibits excellent optical properties and has been employed for the specific detection of 3-NT through fluorescence quenching. The introduction of 3-NT resulted in a decreased fluorescence intensity of the yellow fluorescent probe, which gradually transitioned from bright yellow to light yellow and then became colorless as the 3-NT concentration was increased. A portable detection platform was devised to augment the efficiency of detection. In order to facilitate biological applications, we have substantiated the probe's exceptional precision in detecting 3-NT in biological samples, encompassing human serum and plasma. The probe also exhibited negligible cytotoxicity. The accumulation of the probe in renal cells elicited a fluorescence signal, thereby indicating the prospective viability of this system for visual detection with renal cytocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Guo-Lian Ren
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Jian-Hang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jia-Huan Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Hai-Ping Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Chongqing 400014, China
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Tran TAT, Iwata Y, Hoang LT, Kitajima S, Yoneda-Nakagawa S, Oshima M, Sakai N, Toyama T, Yamamura Y, Yamazaki H, Hara A, Shimizu M, Sako K, Minami T, Yuasa T, Horikoshi K, Hayashi D, Kajikawa S, Wada T. Protective Role of MAVS Signaling for Murine Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Immunohorizons 2024; 8:1-18. [PMID: 38169549 PMCID: PMC10835654 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2300069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite treatment advances, acute kidney injury (AKI)-related mortality rates are still high in hospitalized adults, often due to sepsis. Sepsis and AKI could synergistically worsen the outcomes of critically ill patients. TLR4 signaling and mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) signaling are innate immune responses essential in kidney diseases, but their involvement in sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI) remains unclear. We studied the role of MAVS in kidney injury related to the TLR4 signaling pathway using a murine LPS-induced AKI model in wild-type and MAVS-knockout mice. We confirmed the importance of M1 macrophage in SA-AKI through in vivo assessment of inflammatory responses. The TLR4 signaling pathway was upregulated in activated bone marrow-derived macrophages, in which MAVS helped maintain the LPS-suppressed TLR4 mRNA level. MAVS regulated redox homeostasis via NADPH oxidase Nox2 and mitochondrial reverse electron transport in macrophages to alleviate the TLR4 signaling response to LPS. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and AP-1 were key regulators of TLR4 transcription and connected MAVS-dependent reactive oxygen species signaling with the TLR4 pathway. Inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase could partly reduce inflammation in LPS-treated bone marrow-derived macrophages without MAVS. These findings highlight the renoprotective role of MAVS in LPS-induced AKI by regulating reactive oxygen species generation-related genes and maintaining redox balance. Controlling redox homeostasis through MAVS signaling may be a promising therapy for SA-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang Anh Thi Tran
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasunori Iwata
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Infection Control, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Linh Thuy Hoang
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Kitajima
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Megumi Oshima
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Norihiko Sakai
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
- Division of Blood Purification, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuta Yamamura
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hiroka Yamazaki
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Miho Shimizu
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Sako
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Taichiro Minami
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yuasa
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Keisuke Horikoshi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Daiki Hayashi
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Sho Kajikawa
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Wada
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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10
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Fatima N, Ali R, Faisal T, Kulkarni K, Patel S, Hussain T. Macrophage angiotensin AT 2 receptor activation is protective against early phases of LPS-induced acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2023; 325:F552-F563. [PMID: 37615049 PMCID: PMC10878726 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00177.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is characterized by inflammation and infiltration of immune cells, mainly neutrophils and macrophages, and results in sudden renal dysfunction. Previously, we have reported the anti-inflammatory and renoprotective role of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), expressed on kidney tubular cells and immune cells, in LPS-induced AKI. Moreover, in vitro studies revealed macrophage AT2R activation shifts the cells to the anti-inflammatory M2 subtype. However, the protective role of the macrophage AT2R in a model of AKI is unknown. The present study addressed this question by adoptive transfer of bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) in systemic macrophage-depleted mice. We acquired significant systemic macrophage depletion by two doses of liposomal clodronate (CLD), and the mice were repopulated with BMDMs (CD11b+F4/80+, double positive) primed with AT2R agonist C21 (CLD + MacC21 + LPS) or vehicle (CLD + Mac + LPS) in vitro for 60 min, followed by LPS (5 mg/kg body wt ip) challenge. We observed a gradual increase in the CD11b+ cells at 2 and 24 h after the LPS challenge. However, kidney CD11b+ cells in the CLD + Mac + LPS group were elevated compared with the CLD + MacC21 + LPS group at 2 h after the LPS challenge. The level of inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-α) was elevated at 2 h, which was reduced significantly in CLD + MacC21 + LPS-treated animals. Also, CLD + MacC21 + LPS-treated animals had elevated plasma and renal IL-10, indicating an anti-inflammatory role of C21-treated BMDMs. Renal functional injury in CLD + MacC21 + LPS-treated animals was partially improved. Collectively, the data demonstrate that BMDM AT2R stimulation results in anti-inflammation and partial renoprotection against early stages of LPS-induced AKI.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Endotoxin such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces acute kidney injury (AKI), which is a risk factor for and often leads to chronic kidney diseases. The present study revealed that bone marrow-derived macrophage activation of the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) contributes to the anti-inflammation and partial renoprotection against early stages of LPS-induced AKI. Since AT2R is an emerging anti-inflammatory and organ-protective target, this study advances our understanding of AT2R's anti-inflammatory mechanisms associated with renoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naureen Fatima
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Riyasat Ali
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Tahmid Faisal
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Kalyani Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Sanket Patel
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
| | - Tahir Hussain
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States
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11
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Yao K, Zhang ZH, Liu MD, Niu FW, Li X, Ding DM, Wang DM, Yu DX, Xu DX, Xie DD. Melatonin alleviates intrarenal CaOx crystals deposition through inhibiting LPS-induced non-canonical inflammasome-mediated renal tubular epithelial cells pyroptosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110796. [PMID: 37633237 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Urinary tract infection has long been considered a complication rather than etiology of calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephrolithiasis. This study aimed to explore the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an important component of Gram-negative bacteria, on CaOx nephrolithiasis formation and antagonistic effect of melatonin. Male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with glyoxylate acid (80 mg/kg) daily for 7 days to construct CaOx nephrolithiasis model. A single dose of LPS (2.0 mg/kg) was given 2 h before the second glyoxylate acid treatment in the presence or absence of melatonin (25 mg/kg). Our results found that LPS promoted adhesion of CaOx crystals to renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) and intrarenal CaOx crystals deposition. Protein levels of cleaved Caspase-11, N-terminal of cleaved GSDMD (GSDMD-N), NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) and cleaved Caspase-1, several markers of non-classical inflammasome activation were upregulated in LPS-treated mouse kidneys and HK-2 cells. Moreover, the number of GSDMD pores was increased in LPS-treated HK-2 cell membrane. Melatonin inhibited Caspase-11 cleavage and antagonized the subsequent LPS-mediated upregulation of GSDMD-N, NLRP3 and cleaved Caspase-1 in kidney tissues and HK-2 cells. In addition, melatonin reduced membrane localization of GSDMD-N and the number of GSDMD pores in LPS-treated HK-2 cells. Accordingly, melatonin inhibited LPS-induced IL-1β and IL-18 in mouse serum and HK-2 culture supernatant. Importantly, melatonin alleviated LPS-induced crystal-cell interactions and intrarenal CaOx crystals deposition. We provide experimental evidence that LPS promoted CaOx nephrolithiasis formation by inducing non-canonical inflammasome-mediated RTECs pyroptosis. Melatonin alleviated CaOx nephrolithiasis formation through inhibiting LPS-induced non-canonical inflammasome-mediated RTECs pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ming-Dong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Feng-Wen Niu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - De-Mao Ding
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Da-Ming Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - De-Xin Yu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Dong-Dong Xie
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China; Department of Urology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China.
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12
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Yi X, Xu C, Yang J, Zhong C, Yang H, Tang L, Song S, Yu J. Tiliroside Protects against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Intrarenal Renin-Angiotensin System in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15556. [PMID: 37958538 PMCID: PMC10648967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tiliroside, a natural flavonoid, has various biological activities and improves several inflammatory diseases in rodents. However, the effect of Tiliroside on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the potential renoprotective effect of Tiliroside on LPS-induced AKI in mice. Male C57BL/6 mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (a single dose, 3 mg/kg) with or without Tiliroside (50 or 200 mg/kg/day for 8 days). Tiliroside administration protected against LPS-induced AKI, as reflected by ameliorated renal dysfunction and histological alterations. LPS-stimulated renal expression of inflammatory cytokines, fibrosis markers, and kidney injury markers in mice was significantly abolished by Tiliroside. This flavonoid also stimulated autophagy flux but inhibited oxidative stress and tubular cell apoptosis in kidneys from LPS-injected mice. Mechanistically, our study showed the regulation of Tiliroside on the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system in LPS-induced AKI mice. Tiliroside treatment suppressed intrarenal AGT, Renin, ACE, and Ang II, but upregulated intrarenal ACE2 and Ang1-7, without affecting plasma Ang II and Ang1-7 levels. Collectively, our data highlight the renoprotective action of Tiliroside on LPS-induced AKI by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and tubular cell apoptosis and activating autophagy flux via the shift towards the intrarenal ACE2/Ang1-7 axis and away from the intrarenal ACE/Ang II axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yi
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Chuanming Xu
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Jing Yang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Chao Zhong
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Huiru Yang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Le Tang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Shanshan Song
- Translational Medicine Centre, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330002, China; (X.Y.); (J.Y.); (C.Z.); (H.Y.); (L.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Jun Yu
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA;
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13
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Chmiel JA, Stuivenberg GA, Al KF, Akouris PP, Razvi H, Burton JP, Bjazevic J. Vitamins as regulators of calcium-containing kidney stones - new perspectives on the role of the gut microbiome. Nat Rev Urol 2023; 20:615-637. [PMID: 37161031 PMCID: PMC10169205 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00768-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Calcium-based kidney stone disease is a highly prevalent and morbid condition, with an often complicated and multifactorial aetiology. An abundance of research on the role of specific vitamins (B6, C and D) in stone formation exists, but no consensus has been reached on how these vitamins influence stone disease. As a consequence of emerging research on the role of the gut microbiota in urolithiasis, previous notions on the contribution of these vitamins to urolithiasis are being reconsidered in the field, and investigation into previously overlooked vitamins (A, E and K) was expanded. Understanding how the microbiota influences host vitamin regulation could help to determine the role of vitamins in stone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Chmiel
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gerrit A Stuivenberg
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kait F Al
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Polycronis P Akouris
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hassan Razvi
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy P Burton
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Human Microbiome and Probiotic Research, London, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Bjazevic
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.
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14
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Zhang W, Chen H, Xu Z, Zhang X, Tan X, He N, Shen J, Dong J. Liensinine pretreatment reduces inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy to alleviate sepsis acute kidney injury. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 122:110563. [PMID: 37392573 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Liensinine is mainly derived from alkaloids extracted and isolated from lotus seeds (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn). It possesses anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant, according to contemporary pharmacological investigations. However, the effects and therapeutic mechanisms of liensinine on acute kidney injury (AKI) models of sepsis are unclear. To gain insight into these mechanisms, we established a sepsis kidney injury model by LPS injection of mice treated with liensinine, and stimulation of HK-2 with LPS in vitro and treated with liensinine and inhibitors of p38 MAPK, JNK MAPK. We first found that liensinine significantly reduced kidney injury in sepsis mice, while suppressing excessive inflammatory responses, restoring renal oxidative stress-related biomarkers, reducing increased apoptosis in TUNEL-positive cells and excessive autophagy, and that this process was accompanied by an increase in JNK/ p38-ATF 2 axis. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that lensinine reduced the expression of KIM-1, NGAL, inhibited pro- and anti-inflammatory secretion disorders, regulated the activation of the JNK/p38-ATF 2 axis, and reduced the accumulation of ROS, as well as the reduction of apoptotic cells detected by flow cytometry, and that this process played the same role as that of p38 MAPK, JNK MAPK inhibitors. We speculate that liensinine and p38 MAPK, JNK MAPK inhibitors may act on the same targets and could be involved in the mechanism of alleviating sepsis kidney injury in part through modulation of the JNK/p38-ATF 2 axis. Our study demonstrates that lensinine is a potential drug and thus provides a potential avenue for the treatment of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Huizhen Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222000, China
| | - Zhaoyun Xu
- Blood Transfusion Department, Ganyu District People's Hospital of Lianyungang City, Lianyungang 222100, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Xuelian Tan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Nana He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Jinyang Shen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
| | - Jingquan Dong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-industry Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Pharmaceutical Compound Screening, College of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China.
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15
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Kim K, Hong HL, Kim GM, Leem J, Kwon HH. Eupatilin Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis in Mice. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7027-7042. [PMID: 37754228 PMCID: PMC10530142 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45090444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of sepsis. Eupatilin (EUP) is a natural flavone with multiple biological activities and has beneficial effects against various inflammatory disorders. However, whether EUP has a favorable effect on septic AKI remains unknown. Here, we examined the effect of EUP on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-evoked AKI in mice. LPS-evoked renal dysfunction was attenuated by EUP, as reflected by reductions in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. LPS injection also induced structural damage such as tubular cell detachment, tubular dilatation, brush border loss of proximal tubules, and upregulation of tubular injury markers. However, EUP significantly ameliorated this structural damage. EUP decreased serum and renal cytokine levels, prevented macrophage infiltration, and inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB signaling cascades. Lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation were increased after LPS treatment. However, EUP mitigated LPS-evoked oxidative stress through downregulation of NPDPH oxidase 4 and upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. EUP also inhibited p53-mediated apoptosis in LPS-treated mice. Therefore, these results suggest that EUP ameliorates LPS-evoked AKI through inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiryeong Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea; (K.K.); (H.-L.H.)
| | - Hyo-Lim Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea; (K.K.); (H.-L.H.)
| | - Gyun Moo Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Hee Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea; (K.K.); (H.-L.H.)
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16
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Skibska B, Kochan E, Stanczak A, Lipert A, Skibska A. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Effects of α-Lipoic Acid on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Kidney. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2023; 71:16. [PMID: 37378741 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-023-00682-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
α-Lipoic acid (α-LA) is a naturally occurring organosulfur component. Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as kidney and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer and aging. Kidneys are especially vulnerable to oxidative stress and damage. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of α-LA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced oxidative stress parameters in rat kidneys. The experimental rats were divided into four groups: I-control (0.9% NaCl i.v.); II-α-LA (60 mg/kg b.w. i.v.); III-LPS (30 mg/kg b.w. i.v.); and IV-LPS + LA (30 mg/kg b.w. i.v. and 60 mg/kg b.w. i.v., respectively). In kidney homogenates the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sulfhydryl groups (-SH), total protein, superoxide dismutase (SOD), total glutathione (tGSH), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulphide (GSSG) and the GSH/GSSG ratio were determined. In addition, the levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 were measured to assess inflammation and was estimated kidney oedema. Studies have shown that α-LA administered after LPS administration attenuated kidney oedema and significantly decreased TBARS, H2O2, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in rat kidneys. α-LA also resulted in increase -SH group, total protein, and SOD levels and ameliorated the GSH redox status when compared to the LPS group. The results suggest that α-LA plays an important role against LPS-induced oxidative stress in kidney tissue as well as downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Skibska
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Ewa Kochan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Andrzej Stanczak
- Department of Applied Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Lipert
- Department of Sports Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Skibska
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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17
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Schlosser P, Zhang J, Liu H, Surapaneni AL, Rhee EP, Arking DE, Yu B, Boerwinkle E, Welling PA, Chatterjee N, Susztak K, Coresh J, Grams ME. Transcriptome- and proteome-wide association studies nominate determinants of kidney function and damage. Genome Biol 2023; 24:150. [PMID: 37365616 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-023-02993-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiological causes of kidney disease are not fully understood. Here we show that the integration of genome-wide genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic association studies can nominate causal determinants of kidney function and damage. RESULTS Through transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) in kidney cortex, kidney tubule, liver, and whole blood and proteome-wide association studies (PWAS) in plasma, we assess for effects of 12,893 genes and 1342 proteins on kidney filtration (glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimated by creatinine; GFR estimated by cystatin C; and blood urea nitrogen) and kidney damage (albuminuria). We find 1561 associations distributed among 260 genomic regions that are supported as putatively causal. We then prioritize 153 of these genomic regions using additional colocalization analyses. Our genome-wide findings are supported by existing knowledge (animal models for MANBA, DACH1, SH3YL1, INHBB), exceed the underlying GWAS signals (28 region-trait combinations without significant GWAS hit), identify independent gene/protein-trait associations within the same genomic region (INHBC, SPRYD4), nominate tissues underlying the associations (tubule expression of NRBP1), and distinguish markers of kidney filtration from those with a role in creatinine and cystatin C metabolism. Furthermore, we follow up on members of the TGF-beta superfamily of proteins and find a prognostic value of INHBC for kidney disease progression even after adjustment for measured glomerular filtration rate (GFR). CONCLUSION In summary, this study combines multimodal, genome-wide association studies to generate a catalog of putatively causal target genes and proteins relevant to kidney function and damage which can guide follow-up studies in physiology, basic science, and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Schlosser
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Jingning Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hongbo Liu
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aditya L Surapaneni
- Welch Center for Prevention Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Precision Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eugene P Rhee
- Nephrology Division and Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dan E Arking
- McKusick-Nathans Institute, Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bing Yu
- Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eric Boerwinkle
- Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul A Welling
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nilanjan Chatterjee
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Katalin Susztak
- Department of Medicine and Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Morgan E Grams
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Precision Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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18
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Han Z, Chen L, Peng H, Zheng H, Lin Y, Peng F, Fan Y, Xie X, Yang S, Wang Z, Yuan L, Wei X, Chen H. The role of thyroid hormone in the renal immune microenvironment. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110172. [PMID: 37086678 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid hormones are essential for proper kidney growth and development. The kidney is not only the organ of thyroid hormone metabolism but also the target organ of thyroid hormone. Kidney disease is a common type of kidney damage, mainly including different types of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and renal cell carcinoma. The kidney is often damaged by an immune response directed against its antigens or a systemic immune response. A variety of immune cells in the innate and adaptive immune systems, including neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes, is essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune kidney disease. Recent studies have found that thyroid hormone plays an indispensable role in the immune microenvironment of various kidney diseases. Thyroid hormones regulate the activity of neutrophils, and dendritic cells express triiodothyronine receptors. Compared to hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism has a greater effect on neutrophils. Furthermore, in adaptive immune systems, thyroid hormone may activate T lymphocytes through several underlying mechanisms, such as mediating NF-κB, protein kinase C signalling pathways, and β-adrenergic receptors, leading to increased T lymphocyte activation. The present review discusses the effects of thyroid hormone metabolism regulation in the immune microenvironment on the function of various immune cells, especially neutrophils, macrophages, dendritic cells, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. Although there are not enough data at this stage to conclude the clinical relevance of these findings, thyroid hormone metabolism may influence autoimmune kidney disease by regulating the renal immune microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Han
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuyan Chen
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyao Peng
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zheng
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yumeng Lin
- Eye School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Peng
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunhe Fan
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiuli Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Simin Yang
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhanzhan Wang
- Lianyungang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China
| | - Lan Yuan
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiuyan Wei
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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19
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Han SY, Han SH, Ghee JY, Cha JJ, Kang YS, Cha DR. SH3YL1 Protein Predicts Renal Outcomes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040963. [PMID: 37109492 PMCID: PMC10141384 DOI: 10.3390/life13040963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
NADPH oxidase (NOX)-derived oxidative stress is an important factor in renal progression, with NOX4 being the predominant NOX in the kidney. Recently, Src homology 3 (SH3) domain-containing YSC84-like 1 (SH3YL1) was reported to be a regulator of NOX4. In this study, we tested whether the SH3YL1 protein could predict 3-year renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 131 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in this study. Renal events were defined as a 15% decline in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from the baseline, the initiation of renal replacement therapy, or death during the 3 years. The levels of the urinary SH3YL1-to-creatinine ratio (USCR) were significantly different among the five stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the three groups, based on albuminuria levels. The USCR levels showed a significant negative correlation with eGFR and a positive correlation with the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). Plasma SH3YL1 levels were significantly correlated with UACR. The highest tertile group of USCR and plasma SH3YL1 had a significantly lower probability of renal event-free survival. Furthermore, the highest tertile group of USCR showed a significant association with the incidence of renal events after full adjustment: adjusted hazard ratio (4.636: 95% confidence interval, 1.416-15.181, p = 0.011). This study suggests that SH3YL1 is a new diagnostic biomarker for renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Youb Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University, Ilsan-Paik Hospital, Goyang 10380, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University, Ilsan-Paik Hospital, Goyang 10380, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Yeon Ghee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15368, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Joo Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15368, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sun Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15368, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Ryong Cha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University, Ansan Hospital, Ansan 15368, Republic of Korea
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20
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Nanodrugs alleviate acute kidney injury: Manipulate RONS at kidney. Bioact Mater 2023; 22:141-167. [PMID: 36203963 PMCID: PMC9526023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no clinical drugs available to treat acute kidney injury (AKI). Given the high prevalence and high mortality rate of AKI, the development of drugs to effectively treat AKI is a huge unmet medical need and a research hotspot. Although existing evidence fully demonstrates that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) burst at the AKI site is a major contributor to AKI progression, the heterogeneity, complexity, and unique physiological structure of the kidney make most antioxidant and anti-inflammatory small molecule drugs ineffective because of the lack of kidney targeting and side effects. Recently, nanodrugs with intrinsic kidney targeting through the control of size, shape, and surface properties have opened exciting prospects for the treatment of AKI. Many antioxidant nanodrugs have emerged to address the limitations of current AKI treatments. In this review, we systematically summarized for the first time about the emerging nanodrugs that exploit the pathological and physiological features of the kidney to overcome the limitations of traditional small-molecule drugs to achieve high AKI efficacy. First, we analyzed the pathological structural characteristics of AKI and the main pathological mechanism of AKI: hypoxia, harmful substance accumulation-induced RONS burst at the renal site despite the multifactorial initiation and heterogeneity of AKI. Subsequently, we introduced the strategies used to improve renal targeting and reviewed advances of nanodrugs for AKI: nano-RONS-sacrificial agents, antioxidant nanozymes, and nanocarriers for antioxidants and anti-inflammatory drugs. These nanodrugs have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects, such as greatly reducing oxidative stress damage, restoring renal function, and low side effects. Finally, we discussed the challenges and future directions for translating nanodrugs into clinical AKI treatment. AKI is a common clinical acute syndrome with high morbidity and mortality but without effective clinical drug available. Hypoxia and accumulation of toxic substances are key pathological features of various heterogeneous AKI. Excessive RONS is the core of the pathological mechanism of AKI. The development of nanodrugs is expected to achieve successful treatment in AKI.
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21
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Kamt SF, Liu J, Yan LJ. Renal-Protective Roles of Lipoic Acid in Kidney Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071732. [PMID: 37049574 PMCID: PMC10097220 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney is a crucial organ that eliminates metabolic waste and reabsorbs nutritious elements. It also participates in the regulation of blood pressure, maintenance of electrolyte balance and blood pH homeostasis, as well as erythropoiesis and vitamin D maturation. Due to such a heavy workload, the kidney is an energy-demanding organ and is constantly exposed to endogenous and exogenous insults, leading to the development of either acute kidney injury (AKI) or chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nevertheless, there are no therapeutic managements to treat AKI or CKD effectively. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches for fighting kidney injury are urgently needed. This review article discusses the role of α-lipoic acid (ALA) in preventing and treating kidney diseases. We focus on various animal models of kidney injury by which the underlying renoprotective mechanisms of ALA have been unraveled. The animal models covered include diabetic nephropathy, sepsis-induced kidney injury, renal ischemic injury, unilateral ureteral obstruction, and kidney injuries induced by folic acid and metals such as cisplatin, cadmium, and iron. We highlight the common mechanisms of ALA’s renal protective actions that include decreasing oxidative damage, increasing antioxidant capacities, counteracting inflammation, mitigating renal fibrosis, and attenuating nephron cell death. It is by these mechanisms that ALA achieves its biological function of alleviating kidney injury and improving kidney function. Nevertheless, we also point out that more comprehensive, preclinical, and clinical studies will be needed to make ALA a better therapeutic agent for targeting kidney disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulin F. Kamt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Jiankang Liu
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Liang-Jun Yan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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22
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Yang AY, Choi HJ, Kim K, Leem J. Antioxidant, Antiapoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Hesperetin in a Mouse Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062759. [PMID: 36985731 PMCID: PMC10057564 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe inflammatory condition that can cause organ dysfunction, including acute kidney injury (AKI). Hesperetin is a flavonoid aglycone that has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of hesperetin on septic AKI has not yet been fully investigated. This study examined whether hesperetin has a renoprotective effect on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic AKI. Hesperetin treatment ameliorated histological abnormalities and renal dysfunction in LPS-injected mice. Mechanistically, hesperetin attenuated LPS-induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by the suppression of lipid and DNA oxidation. This beneficial effect of hesperetin was accompanied by downregulation of the pro-oxidant NADPH oxidase 4, restoration of glutathione levels, and activation of antioxidant enzymes. This flavonoid compound also inhibited apoptotic cell death via suppression of p53-dependent caspase-3 pathway. Furthermore, hesperetin alleviated Toll-like receptor 4-mediated cytokine production and macrophage infiltration. Our findings suggest that hesperetin ameliorates LPS-induced renal structural and functional injury through suppressing oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation.
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23
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The Role of Ketone Bodies in Various Animal Models of Kidney Disease. ENDOCRINES 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/endocrines4010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The kidney is a vital organ that carries out significant metabolic functions in our body. Due to the complexity of its role, the kidney is also susceptible to many disease conditions, such as acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite the prevalence and our increased understanding of the pathophysiology of both AKI and CKD as well as the transition of AKI to CKD, no well-established therapeutics have been applied clinically to these conditions, rendering an urgent need for a novel potential therapeutic target to be developed. In this article, we reviewed the function of ketone bodies in some common kidney conditions, such as drug-induced nephrotoxicity, ischemia and reperfusion injury, fibrosis development, diabetic kidney disease, kidney aging, hypertension, and CKD progression. All the selected studies reviewed were performed in animal models by primarily utilizing rodents, which also provide invaluable sources for future clinical applications. Ketone bodies have shown significant renal protective properties via attenuation of oxidative stress, increased expression of anti-inflammatory proteins, gene regulation, and a reduction of apoptosis of renal cells. A physiological level of ketone bodies could be achieved by fasting, a ketogenic diet, and an exogenous ketone supplement. Finally, the limitations of the long-term ketogenic diet were also discussed.
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24
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D'Antonio M, Nguyen JP, Arthur TD, Matsui H, D'Antonio-Chronowska A, Frazer KA. Fine mapping spatiotemporal mechanisms of genetic variants underlying cardiac traits and disease. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1132. [PMID: 36854752 PMCID: PMC9975214 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36638-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The causal variants and genes underlying thousands of cardiac GWAS signals have yet to be identified. Here, we leverage spatiotemporal information on 966 RNA-seq cardiac samples and perform an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis detecting eQTLs considering both eGenes and eIsoforms. We identify 2,578 eQTLs associated with a specific developmental stage-, tissue- and/or cell type. Colocalization between eQTL and GWAS signals of five cardiac traits identified variants with high posterior probabilities for being causal in 210 GWAS loci. Pulse pressure GWAS loci are enriched for colocalization with fetal- and smooth muscle- eQTLs; pulse rate with adult- and cardiac muscle- eQTLs; and atrial fibrillation with cardiac muscle- eQTLs. Fine mapping identifies 79 credible sets with five or fewer SNPs, of which 15 were associated with spatiotemporal eQTLs. Our study shows that many cardiac GWAS variants impact traits and disease in a developmental stage-, tissue- and/or cell type-specific fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo D'Antonio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Jennifer P Nguyen
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Timothy D Arthur
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Hiroko Matsui
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | | | - Kelly A Frazer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Institute of Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
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25
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4T1 cell membrane-derived biodegradable nanosystem for comprehensive interruption of cancer cell metabolism. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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26
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Jian Y, Yang Y, Cheng L, Yang X, Liu H, Li W, Wan Y, Yang D. Sirt3 mitigates LPS-induced mitochondrial damage in renal tubular epithelial cells by deacetylating YME1L1. Cell Prolif 2022; 56:e13362. [PMID: 36433732 PMCID: PMC9890524 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often secondary to sepsis. Increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to the pathological process of AKI. In this study, we aimed to examine the regulatory roles of Sirt3 in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mitochondrial damage in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs). Sirt3 knockout mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS, and cultured TECs were stimulated with LPS to evaluate the effects of Sirt3 on mitochondrial structure and function in TECs. Electron microscopy was used to assess mitochondrial morphology. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to detect protein expression and examine mitochondrial morphology. Western blotting was used to quantify protein expression. We observed that LPS increased apoptosis, induced disturbances in mitochondrial function and dynamics, and downregulated Sirt3 expression in a sepsis-induced AKI mouse model and human proximal tubular (HK-2) cells in vitro. Sirt3 deficiency further exacerbated LPS-induced renal pathological damage, apoptosis and disturbances in mitochondrial function and dynamics. On the contrary, Sirt3 overexpression in HK-2 cells alleviated these lesions. Functional studies revealed that Sirt3 overexpression alleviated LPS-induced mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in TECs by promoting OPA1-mediated mitochondrial fusion through the deacetylation of i-AAA protease (YME1L1), an upstream regulatory molecule of OPA1. Our study has identified Sirt3 as a vital factor that protects against LPS-induced mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in TECs via the YME1L1-OPA1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Jian
- Department of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yifei Yang
- Department of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Lingli Cheng
- Department of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Xueyan Yang
- Department of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Wei Li
- Department of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Yuhan Wan
- Department of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
| | - Dingping Yang
- Department of NephrologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina,Nephrology and Urology Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityWuhanHubeiChina
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27
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Ban KY, Nam GY, Kim D, Oh YS, Jun HS. Prevention of LPS-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice by Bavachin and Its Potential Mechanisms. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:2096. [PMID: 36358467 PMCID: PMC9686515 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication of sepsis with a rapid onset and high mortality rate. Bavachin, an active component of Psoralea corylifolia L., reportedly has antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects; however, its beneficial effects on AKI remain undetermined. We investigated the protective effect of bavachin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AKI in mice and elucidated the underlying mechanism in human renal tubular epithelial HK-2 cells. Increased serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were observed in LPS-injected mice; however, bavachin pretreatment significantly inhibited this increase. Bavachin improved the kidney injury score and decreased the expression level of tubular injury markers, such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), in both LPS-injected mice and LPS-treated HK-2 cells. LPS-induced oxidative stress via phosphorylated protein kinase C (PKC) β and upregulation of the NADPH oxidase (NOX) 4 pathway was also significantly decreased by treatment with bavachin. Moreover, bavachin treatment inhibited the phosphorylation of MAPKs (P38, ERK, and JNK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB, as well as the increase in inflammatory cytokine levels in LPS-injected mice. Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) expression was upregulated in the LPS-treated HK-2 cells and kidneys of LPS-injected mice. However, RNAi-mediated silencing of KLF5 inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-kB, consequently reversing LPS-induced KIM-1 and NGAL expression in HK-2 cells. Therefore, bavachin may ameliorate LPS-induced AKI by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation via the downregulation of the PKCβ/MAPK/KLF5 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Yun Ban
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Ga-Young Nam
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
| | - Donghee Kim
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Yoon Sin Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, Seongnam 13135, Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- College of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
- Gachon Medical Research Institute, Gil Hospital, Incheon 21565, Korea
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28
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Diniz LRL, Elshabrawy HA, Souza MTS, Duarte ABS, Madhav N, de Sousa DP. Renoprotective Effects of Luteolin: Therapeutic Potential for COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injuries. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1544. [PMID: 36358895 PMCID: PMC9687696 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been increasingly reported in critically-ill COVID-19 patients. Moreover, there was significant positive correlation between COVID-19 deaths and renal disorders in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with underlying comorbidities who required renal replacement therapy. It has suggested that death in COVID-19 patients with AKI is 3-fold higher than in COVID-19 patients without AKI. The pathophysiology of COVID-19-associated AKI could be attributed to unspecific mechanisms, as well as COVID-19-specific mechanisms such as direct cellular injury, an imbalanced renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, pro-inflammatory cytokines elicited by the viral infection and thrombotic events. To date, there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 and its associated AKI. Luteolin is a natural compound with multiple pharmacological activities, including anticoronavirus, as well as renoprotective activities against kidney injury induced by sepsis, renal ischemia and diverse nephrotoxic agents. Therefore, in this review, we mechanistically discuss the anti-SARS-CoV-2 and renoprotective activities of luteolin, which highlight its therapeutic potential in COVID-19-AKI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hatem A. Elshabrawy
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA
| | | | | | - Nikhil Madhav
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Sam Houston State University, Conroe, TX 77304, USA
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29
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Jiao Y, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Zha Y, Wang J, Li Y, Zhang S. Platelet-rich plasma ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced cardiac injury by inflammation and ferroptosis regulation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1026641. [PMID: 36330090 PMCID: PMC9623117 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1026641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunction (SIMD) is a fatal disease with no specific treatment worldwide to this day. As a biological product, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has attracted much attention due to its diverse and potential biological effects. However, its role in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cardiac injury has not been fully investigated. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of PRP in SIMD. PRP (30 µL) was injected in situ into the heart, and LPS (10 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneally into mice. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with LPS (1 μg/ml) for 24 h. The results showed that, compared with the LPS group, PRP significantly decreased the levels of Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatine Kinase MB (CK-MB), and improved cardiac function. In addition, PRP markedly decreased the Malonic dialdehyde (MDA) content, and increased the Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and Glutathione (GSH) level, demonstrating that PRP alleviated LPS-induced oxidative stress. The Western blot and qPCR results showed that LPS-induced ferroptosis and inflammation effects in vivo and in vitro were ameliorated after PRP treatment. Moreover, PRP can alleviate erastin-induced ferroptosis and improve cell viability. Mechanistically, p-AKT and p-mTOR expressions were down-regulated after treatment with LPS, while PRP pretreatment could reverse this effect. In summary, our study demonstrated that PRP could play a unique role in reducing LPS-induced cardiac injury through regulation of AKT/mTOR signaling pathways. These findings provide a new therapeutic direction for treating SIMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingyu Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiayan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafang Zha
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yanyan Li, ; Song Zhang,
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yanyan Li, ; Song Zhang,
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30
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Wang Y, Li X, Xu X, Yu J, Chen X, Cao X, Zou J, Shen B, Ding X. Clec7a expression in inflammatory macrophages orchestrates progression of acute kidney injury. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008727. [PMID: 36189317 PMCID: PMC9520532 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high risk of mortality, post-disease renal fibrosis, kidney dysfunction and renal failure. Renal macrophages play a key role in the pathogenesis (M1 subpopulation), healing and remodeling (M2 subpopulation) in AKI and, thus, have been a promising target for clinical treatment of AKI. Here, in a mouse renal ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) model for AKI, we showed that renal macrophages could be further classified into Clec7a+ M1 macrophages, Clec7a- M1 macrophages, Clec7a+ M2 macrophages and Clec7a- M2 macrophages, representing distinct macrophage populations with different functionality. Interestingly, Clec7a+ M1 macrophages exhibited potent pro-inflammatory and phagocytic effects compared to Clec7a- M1 macrophages, while Clec7a- M2 macrophages exhibited better proliferating and migrating potential, which is critical for their role in tissue repairing after injury. These data from mice were further strengthened by bioinformatics analyses using published database. In vivo, combined expression of Clec7a in M1 macrophages and depletion of Clec7a in M2 macrophages significantly improved the renal function after IRI-AKI. Together, our data suggest that Clec7a is crucial for the fine regulation of macrophage phenotype during AKI and could be a novel target for boosting clinical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqiong Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianzhe Li
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xialian Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinbo Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuesen Cao
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhou Zou
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqiang Ding, ; Bo Shen,
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Medical Center of Kidney, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Institute of Kidney and Dialysis, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Kidney and Blood Purification, Shanghai, China
- Hemodialysis Quality Control Center of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqiang Ding, ; Bo Shen,
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Lee HE, Shim S, Choi Y, Bae YS. NADPH oxidase inhibitor development for diabetic nephropathy through water tank model. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2022; 41:S89-S98. [PMID: 35977907 PMCID: PMC9590298 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.21.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress can cause generation of uncontrolled reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lead to cytotoxic damage to cells and tissues. Recently, it has been shown that transient ROS generation can serve as a secondary messenger in receptor-mediated cell signaling. Although excessive levels of ROS are harmful, moderated levels of ROS are essential for normal physiological function. Therefore, regulating cellular ROS levels should be an important concept for development of novel therapeutics for treating diseases. The overexpression and hyperactivation of NADPH oxidase (Nox) can induce high levels of ROS, which are strongly associated with diabetic nephropathy. This review discusses the theoretical basis for development of the Nox inhibitor as a regulator of ROS homeostasis to provide emerging therapeutic opportunities for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Seunghwan Shim
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Choi
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Soo Bae
- Celros Biotech, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Life Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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32
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Sammani S, Bermudez T, Kempf CL, Song JH, Fleming JC, Reyes Hernon V, Hufford M, Tang L, Cai H, Camp SM, Natarajan V, Jacobson JR, Dudek SM, Martin DR, Karmonik C, Sun X, Sun B, Casanova NG, Bime C, Garcia JGN. eNAMPT Neutralization Preserves Lung Fluid Balance and Reduces Acute Renal Injury in Porcine Sepsis/VILI-Induced Inflammatory Lung Injury. Front Physiol 2022; 13:916159. [PMID: 35812318 PMCID: PMC9257134 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.916159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Numerous potential ARDS therapeutics, based upon preclinical successful rodent studies that utilized LPS challenge without mechanical ventilation, have failed in Phase 2/3 clinical trials. Recently, ALT-100 mAb, a novel biologic that neutralizes the TLR4 ligand and DAMP, eNAMPT (extracellular nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase), was shown to reduce septic shock/VILI-induced porcine lung injury when delivered 2 h after injury onset. We now examine the ALT-100 mAb efficacy on acute kidney injury (AKI) and lung fluid balance in a porcine ARDS/VILI model when delivered 6 h post injury.Methods/Results: Compared to control PBS-treated pigs, exposure of ALT-100 mAb-treated pigs (0.4 mg/kg, 2 h or 6 h after injury initiation) to LPS-induced pneumonia/septic shock and VILI (12 h), demonstrated significantly diminished lung injury severity (histology, BAL PMNs, plasma cytokines), biochemical/genomic evidence of NF-kB/MAP kinase/cytokine receptor signaling, and AKI (histology, plasma lipocalin). ALT-100 mAb treatment effectively preserved lung fluid balance reflected by reduced BAL protein/tissue albumin levels, lung wet/dry tissue ratios, ultrasound-derived B lines, and chest radiograph opacities. Delayed ALT-100 mAb at 2 h was significantly more protective than 6 h delivery only for plasma eNAMPT while trending toward greater protection for remaining inflammatory indices. Delayed ALT-100 treatment also decreased lung/renal injury indices in LPS/VILI-exposed rats when delivered up to 12 h after LPS.Conclusions: These studies indicate the delayed delivery of the eNAMPT-neutralizing ALT-100 mAb reduces inflammatory lung injury, preserves lung fluid balance, and reduces multi-organ dysfunction, and may potentially address the unmet need for novel therapeutics that reduce ARDS/VILI mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Tadeo Bermudez
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Carrie L. Kempf
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jin H. Song
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Justin C Fleming
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Vivian Reyes Hernon
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Matthew Hufford
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Lin Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Hua Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Viswanathan Natarajan
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Steven M. Dudek
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Diego R. Martin
- Department of Radiology and the Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Hospital and the Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Christof Karmonik
- Department of Radiology and the Translational Imaging Center, Houston Methodist Hospital and the Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Xiaoguang Sun
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Belinda Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Nancy G. Casanova
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Christian Bime
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Joe G. N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, United States
- *Correspondence: Joe G. N. Garcia,
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Zhang D, Ji P, Sun R, Zhou H, Huang L, Kong L, Li W, Li W. Ginsenoside Rg1 attenuates LPS-induced chronic renal injury by inhibiting NOX4-NLRP3 signaling in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:112936. [PMID: 35421784 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic renal injury (CRI) is a common pathological damage in chronic renal disease, and the therapeutic options for preventing its progression are limited at present. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is reported to have a protective effect on renal injury by improving oxidative stress and inflammation. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plays important roles in inducing inflammatory and high-dose LPS is often used to perform acute renal injury. However, little is known about the effect of low-dose LPS on CRI, and the protective effect of Rg1 against chronic LPS-induced CRI. Here, we reported the protective effect and mechanism of Rg1 against LPS-induced CRI in mice. In this study, the results demonstrated that low-dose LPS (0.25 mg/kg) exposure for 14 days significantly induced renal function impairment and renal injury and fibrosis. Meanwhile, LPS exposure significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and NLRP3 inflammasome expression in renal cortex. However, treatment with Rg1, tempol (a superoxide dismutase mimetic), and apocynin (a NOX inhibitor) significantly improved renal function impairment and renal fibrosis, and significantly decreased the levels of TGF-β, IL-1β, KIM-1, β-Gal, and collagen IV in the kidneys. And Rg1 treatment also significantly reduced ROS generation and inhibited the activation of NOX4 and NLRP3 inflammasome. Overall, these results suggest that Rg1 treatment can ameliorate LPS-induced chronic kidney injury and renal fibrosis, the mechanisms may be involved in reducing NOX2-mediated oxidative stress and inhibiting NLRP1 inflammasome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoduo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Pengmin Ji
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ran Sun
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Liangliang Kong
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Weiping Li
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Anqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Anqing 246052, Anhui, China.
| | - Weizu Li
- Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Ministry of Education, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China; Department of Pharmacology, Basic Medicine College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China.
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Han Z, Ma K, Tao H, Liu H, Zhang J, Sai X, Li Y, Chi M, Nian Q, Song L, Liu C. A Deep Insight Into Regulatory T Cell Metabolism in Renal Disease: Facts and Perspectives. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826732. [PMID: 35251009 PMCID: PMC8892604 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney disease encompasses a complex set of diseases that can aggravate or start systemic pathophysiological processes through their complex metabolic mechanisms and effects on body homoeostasis. The prevalence of kidney disease has increased dramatically over the last two decades. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T (Treg) cells that express the transcription factor forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) are critical for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmune disease and tissue damage caused by excessive or unnecessary immune activation, including autoimmune kidney diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the critical role of metabolic reprogramming in controlling the plasticity, stability, and function of Treg cells. They are also likely to play a vital role in limiting kidney transplant rejection and potentially promoting transplant tolerance. Metabolic pathways, such as mitochondrial function, glycolysis, lipid synthesis, glutaminolysis, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation, are involved in the development of renal diseases by modulating the function and proliferation of Treg cells. Targeting metabolic pathways to alter Treg cells can offer a promising method for renal disease therapy. In this review, we provide a new perspective on the role of Treg cell metabolism in renal diseases by presenting the renal microenvironment、relevant metabolites of Treg cell metabolism, and the role of Treg cell metabolism in various kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Han
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuai Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hongxia Tao
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiong Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiyalatu Sai
- Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Yunlong Li
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxuan Chi
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Nian
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Department of Blood Transfusion Sicuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Linjiang Song
- Reproductive & Women-Children Hospital, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chi Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Sichuan Renal Disease Clinical Research Center, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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35
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Ahn JH, Song EJ, Jung DH, Kim YJ, Seo IS, Park SC, Jung YS, Cho ES, Mo SH, Hong JJ, Cho JY, Park JH. The sesquiterpene lactone estafiatin exerts anti-inflammatory effects on macrophages and protects mice from sepsis induced by LPS and cecal ligation puncture. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:153934. [PMID: 35172258 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previously, we found that the water extract of Artermisia scoparia Waldst. & Kit suppressed the cytokine production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages and alleviated carrageenan-induced acute inflammation in mice. Artemisia contains various sesquiterpene lactones and most of them exert immunomodulatory activity. PURPOSE In the present study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effect of estafiatin (EST), a sesquiterpene lactone derived from A. scoparia, on LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages and mouse sepsis model. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and THP-1 cells, a human monocytic leukemia cell line, were pretreated with different doses of EST for 2 h, followed by LPS treatment. The gene and protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blot analysis. The activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was also evaluated at the level of phosphorylation. The effect of EST on inflammatory cytokine production, lung histopathology, and survival rate was assessed in an LPS-induced mice model of septic shock. The effect of EST on the production of cytokines in LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages was evaluated by in vitro and ex vivo experiments and protective effect of EST on cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mice was also assessed. RESULTS The LPS-induced expression of IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS was suppressed at the mRNA and protein levels in BMDMs and THP-1 cells, respectively, by pretreatment with EST. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of EST on IL-6 and TNF-α production were determined as 3.2 μM and 3.1 μM in BMDMs, 3 μM and 3.4 μM in THP1 cells, respectively. In addition, pretreatment with EST significantly reduced the LPS-induced phosphorylation p65, p38, JNK, and ERK in both cell types. In the LPS-induced mice model of septic shock, serum levels of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, CXCL1, and CXCL2 were lower in EST-treated mice than in the control animals. Histopathology analysis revealed that EST treatment ameliorated LPS-induced lung damage. Moreover, while 1 of 7 control mice given lethal dose of LPS survived, 3 of 7 EST-treated (1.25 mg/kg) mice and 5 of 7 EST-treated (2.5 mg/kg) mice were survived. Pretreatment of EST dose-dependently suppressed the LPS-induced production of IL-6, TNF-α and CXCL1 in peritoneal macrophages. In CLP-induced mice sepsis model, while all 6 control mice was dead at 48 h, 1 of 6 EST-treated (1.25 mg/kg) mice and 3 of 6 EST-treated (2.5 mg/kg) mice survived for 96 h. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that EST exerts anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-stimulated macrophages and protects mice from sepsis. Our study suggests that EST could be developed as a new therapeutic agent for sepsis and various inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hun Ahn
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Jung Song
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Do-Hyeon Jung
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yeong-Jun Kim
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Su Seo
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong-Chan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Seok Jung
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun-Seo Cho
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Hyun Mo
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung Joo Hong
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk 28116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jeong-Yong Cho
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hwan Park
- Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Regulation of Mitochondrial Homeostasis and Nrf2 in Kidney Disease: Timing Is Critical. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9275056. [PMID: 35528519 PMCID: PMC9072027 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9275056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis plays a critical role in the progression of renal disease. Recent studies have shown that activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has time-dependent protective effects, which can be explained by the differing regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis during the various stages of kidney disease. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms whereby mitochondrial homeostasis is regulated and the nature of the dysregulation of mitochondrial homeostasis in renal disease. In addition, we summarize the dual roles of Nrf2 in kidney disease by discussing the studies that have shown the importance of the timing of its activation in the regulation of mitochondrial homeostasis. This should provide a theoretical basis for therapeutic strategies aimed at activating Nrf2 in kidney disease.
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Li Z, Ludwig N, Thomas K, Mersmann S, Lehmann M, Vestweber D, Pittet JF, Gomez H, Kellum JA, Rossaint J, Zarbock A. The Pathogenesis of Ischemia-Reperfusion Induced Acute Kidney Injury Depends on Renal Neutrophil Recruitment Whereas Sepsis-Induced AKI Does Not. Front Immunol 2022; 13:843782. [PMID: 35529856 PMCID: PMC9069608 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.843782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) may be induced by different causes, including renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and sepsis, which represent the most common reasons for AKI in hospitalized patients. AKI is defined by reduced urine production and/or increased plasma creatinine. However, this definition does not address the molecular mechanisms of different AKI entities, and uncertainties remain regarding distinct pathophysiological events causing kidney injury in the first place. In particular, sepsis-induced AKI is considered not to be associated with leukocyte infiltration into the kidney, but a direct investigation of this process is missing to this date. In this study, we used two murine AKI models induced by either renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to investigate the contribution of neutrophils to tissue injury and kidney function. By using VEC-Y731F mice, in which neutrophil recruitment is impaired, we analyzed the specific contribution of neutrophil recruitment to the pathogenesis of IRI- and CLP-induced AKI. We observed that the degree of renal injury evaluated by plasma creatinine, urinary biomarkers and histological analyses, following IRI-induction was dependent on neutrophil migration into the kidney, whereas the pathogenesis of CLP-induced AKI was independent of neutrophil recruitment. Furthermore, plasma transfer experiments suggest that the pathogenesis of CLP-induced AKI relies on circulating inflammatory mediators. These results extend our knowledge of the AKI pathogenesis and may help in the development of prophylactic and therapeutic treatments for AKI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Nadine Ludwig
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Thomas
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sina Mersmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Lehmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dietmar Vestweber
- Department of Vascular Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Münster, Germany
| | - Jean-Francois Pittet
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Hernando Gomez
- The Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - John A. Kellum
- The Center for Critical Care Nephrology, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Zarbock
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- *Correspondence: Alexander Zarbock,
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Peng Y, Li Y, Li H, Yu J. Shikonin attenuates kidney tubular epithelial cells apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response through nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4/PTEN pathway in acute kidney injury of sepsis model. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1111-1124. [PMID: 35417044 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds were used in the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by sepsis. This study investigated the function of shikonin from the roots of Arnebia purpurea in sepsis-induced AKI model. The target genes of shikonin were predicted by traditional Chinese medicine integrative database (TCMID). The markers of kidney injury, oxidative stress, and inflammatory factors were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The pathological changes of kidney tubules were assessed by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. Apoptosis of kidney tubular epithelial cells (KTECs) was detected by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. Protein expression was measured by western blot. Shikonin significantly improved kidney injury induced by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). Besides, shikonin reduced KTECs apoptosis, malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels, while augmented SOD and IL-10 levels. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase4 (NOX4) was predicted a target gene of shikonin. The expression of NOX4 was significantly inhibited in shikonin-treated group and the levels of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphate and dual specificity protein phosphate (PTEN) and p-p65 were decreased, while level of p-Akt was elevated. In vitro experiments, shikonin inhibited cell apoptosis, inflammatory, and ROS in human HK-2 cells and rat TECs. Shikonin downregulated expression of NOX4, PTEN and p-p65, and upregulated p-AKT and Bcl-2 expression in HK2 cells treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Moreover, overexpression of NOX4 enhanced the effect of LPS on the expression level of PTEN, p-p65, p-AKT, and Bcl-2, which was reversed by the addition of shikonin. Taken together, shikonin could improve sepsis-induced AKI in rats, and attenuate the LPS induced KTECs apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory reaction via modulating NOX4/PTEN/AKT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junhua Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Hispidulin Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27062019. [PMID: 35335387 PMCID: PMC8948942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27062019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin that plays a crucial role in septic acute kidney injury (AKI). Hispidulin is a natural flavonoid that possesses various biological activities. Recent studies have shown that hispidulin administration alleviates various inflammatory diseases in animal models. This study aimed to investigate the renoprotective effect of hispidulin on LPS-induced AKI. Male C57BL/6 mice were administered LPS (10 mg/kg) with or without hispidulin (50 mg/kg). Hispidulin administration attenuated renal dysfunction, histological alterations, and the upregulation of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. This flavonoid also reduced cytokine production and Toll-like receptor 4 expression, inhibited nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and alleviated immune cell infiltration. The oxidation of lipids and DNA was also inhibited by hispidulin administration. This antioxidant effect of hispidulin was associated with the downregulation of NADPH oxidase 4, the activation of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, and the restoration of glutathione levels. Moreover, hispidulin administration attenuated tubular cell apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3 pathway. These data suggest that hispidulin ameliorates endotoxin-induced kidney injury by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and tubular cell death.
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Hanoudi SN, Talwar H, Draghici S, Samavati L. Autoantibodies against cytoskeletons and lysosomal trafficking discriminate sarcoidosis from healthy controls, tuberculosis and lung cancers. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2022; 3:3. [PMID: 35048206 PMCID: PMC8770712 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-021-00064-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. Hypergammaglobulinemia and the presence of autoantibodies in sarcoidosis suggest active humoral immunity to unknown antigen(s). We developed a complex cDNA library derived from tissues of sarcoidosis patients. Using a high throughput method, we constructed a microarray platform from this cDNA library containing large numbers of sarcoidosis clones. After selective biopanning, 1070 sarcoidosis-specifc clones were arrayed and immunoscreend with 152 sera from patients with sarcoidosis and other pulmonary diseases. To identify the sarcoidosis classifiers two statistical approaches were conducted: First, we identified significant biomarkers between sarcoidosis and healthy controls, and second identified markers comparing sarcoidosis to all other groups. At the threshold of an False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.01, we identified 14 clones in the first approach and 12 clones in the second approach discriminating sarcoidosis from other groups. We used the classifiers to build a naïve Bayes model on the training-set and validated it on an independent test-set. The first approach yielded an AUC of 0.947 using 14 significant clones with a sensitivity of 0.93 and specificity of 0.88, whereas the AUC of the second option was 0.92 with a sensitivity of 0.96 and specificity of 0.83. These results suggest robust classifier performance. Furthermore, we characterized the informative phage clones by sequencing and homology searches. Large numbers of classifier-clones were peptides involved in cellular trafficking and cytoskeletons. These results show that sarcoidosis is associated with a specific pattern of immunoreactivity that can discriminate it from other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Harvinder Talwar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 3990 John R, 3 Hudson, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
| | - Sorin Draghici
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202 USA
| | - Lobelia Samavati
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 3990 John R, 3 Hudson, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
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Majumder S, Pushpakumar S, Juin SK, Jala VR, Sen U. Toll-like receptor 4 mutation protects the kidney from Ang-II-induced hypertensive injury. Pharmacol Res 2022; 175:106030. [PMID: 34896544 PMCID: PMC8755630 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.106030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cellular autophagy is a protective mechanism where cells degrade damaged organelles to maintain intracellular homeostasis. Apoptosis, on the other hand, is considered as programmed cell death. Interestingly, autophagy inhibits apoptosis by degrading apoptosis regulators. In hypertension, an imbalance of autophagy and apoptosis regulators can lead to renal injury and dysfunction. Previously, we have reported that toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) mutant mice are protective against renal damage, in part, due to reduced oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the detailed mechanism remained elusive. In this study, we tested the hypothesis of whether TLR4 mutation reduces Ang-II-induced renal injury by inciting autophagy and suppressing apoptosis in the hypertensive kidney. Male mice with normal TLR4 expression (TLR4N, C3H/HeOuJ) and mutant TLR4 (TLR4M, C3H/HeJLps-d) aged 10-12 weeks were infused with Ang-II (1000 ng/kg/d) for 4 weeks to create hypertension. Saline infused appropriate control were used. Blood pressure was increased along with increased TLR4 expression in TLR4N mice receiving Ang-II compared to TLR4N control. Autophagy was downregulated, and apoptosis was upregulated in TLR4N mice treated with Ang-II. Also, kidney injury markers plasma lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) were upregulated in TLR4N mice treated with Ang-II. Besides, increased nuclear translocation and activity of NF-kB were measured in Ang-II-treated TLR4N mice. TLR4M mice remained protected against all these insults in hypertension. Together, these results suggest that Ang-II-induced TLR4 activation suppresses autophagy, induces apoptosis and kidney injury through in part by activating NF-kB signaling, and TLR4 mutation protects the kidney from Ang-II-induced hypertensive injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suravi Majumder
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sathnur Pushpakumar
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Subir K Juin
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Venkatakrishna R Jala
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Utpal Sen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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Li J, Zhang Z, Wang L, Jiang L, Qin Z, Zhao Y, Su B. Maresin 1 Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury via Inhibiting NOX4/ROS/NF-κB Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:782660. [PMID: 34955852 PMCID: PMC8703041 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.782660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (S-AKI) is a common complication in hospitalized and critically ill patients, which increases the risk of multiple comorbidities and is associated with extremely high mortality. Maresin 1 (MaR1), a lipid mediator derived from the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid has been reported to protect against inflammation and promote the regression of acute inflammation. This study proposed to systematically investigate the renoprotective effects and potential molecular mechanism of MaR1 in septic acute kidney injury. We established a S-AKI animal model by a single intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 10 mg/kg, on male C57BL/6J mice. LPS-stimulated (100 μg/ml) mouse kidney tubular epithelium cells (TCMK-1) were used to simulate septic AKI in vitro. The results showed that pretreatment with MaR1 significantly reduced serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels as well as tubular damage scores and injury marker neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in septic AKI mice. Meanwhile, MaR1 administration obviously diminished pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1), downregulated BAX and cleaved caspase-3 expression, and upregulated BCL-2 expression in the injured kidney tissues and TCMK-1 cells. In addition, MaR1 reduced malondialdehyde production and improved the superoxide dismutase activity of renal tissues while inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and protecting the mitochondria. Mechanistically, LPS stimulated the expression of the NOX4/ROS/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway in S-AKI kidneys, while MaR1 effectively suppressed the activation of the corresponding pathway. In conclusion, MaR1 attenuated kidney inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction to protect against LPS-induced septic AKI via inhibiting the NOX4/ROS/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiameng Li
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuyun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Luojia Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Qin
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baihai Su
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Li C, Wang W, Xie SS, Ma WX, Fan QW, Chen Y, He Y, Wang JN, Yang Q, Li HD, Jin J, Liu MM, Meng XM, Wen JG. The Programmed Cell Death of Macrophages, Endothelial Cells, and Tubular Epithelial Cells in Sepsis-AKI. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:796724. [PMID: 34926535 PMCID: PMC8674574 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.796724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by infection, following with acute injury to multiple organs. Sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is currently recognized as one of the most severe complications related to sepsis. The pathophysiology of sepsis-AKI involves multiple cell types, including macrophages, vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs), etc. More significantly, programmed cell death including apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis could be triggered by sepsis in these types of cells, which enhances AKI progress. Moreover, the cross-talk and connections between these cells and cell death are critical for better understanding the pathophysiological basis of sepsis-AKI. Mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress are traditionally considered as the leading triggers of programmed cell death. Recent findings also highlight that autophagy, mitochondria quality control and epigenetic modification, which interact with programmed cell death, participate in the damage process in sepsis-AKI. The insightful understanding of the programmed cell death in sepsis-AKI could facilitate the development of effective treatment, as well as preventive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Department of Urology and Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shuai-Shuai Xie
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Xian Ma
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qian-Wen Fan
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yuan He
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jia-Nan Wang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-di Li
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology (Ministry of Education), Department of Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ming-Ming Liu
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jia-Gen Wen
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, The Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory of Immune Medicines (Ministry of Education), Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Kim JY, Hong HL, Kim GM, Leem J, Kwon HH. Protective Effects of Carnosic Acid on Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247589. [PMID: 34946671 PMCID: PMC8705858 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Septic acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important medical problem worldwide, but current treatments are limited. During sepsis, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates various signaling pathways involved in multiorgan failure. Carnosic acid is a natural phenolic diterpene and has multiple bioactivities, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidative effects. However, the effect of carnosic acid on septic AKI has not been explored. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether carnosic acid has a therapeutic effect on LPS-induced kidney injury. Administration of carnosic acid after LPS injection ameliorated histological abnormalities and renal dysfunction. Cytokine production, immune cell infiltration, and nuclear factor-κB activation after LPS injection were also alleviated by carnosic acid. The compound suppressed oxidative stress with the modulation of pro-oxidant and antioxidant enzymes. Tubular cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activation were also inhibited by carnosic acid. These data suggest that carnosic acid ameliorates LPS-induced AKI via inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis and could serve as a useful treatment agent for septic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Yeon Kim
- Department of Immunology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Korea;
| | - Hyo-Lim Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Korea;
| | - Gyun Moo Kim
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Korea;
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (H.H.K.)
| | - Hyun Hee Kwon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu 42472, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (H.H.K.)
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Kim J, Kim J, Lim HJ, Lee S, Bae YS, Kim J. Nox4-IGF2 Axis Promotes Differentiation of Embryoid Body Cells Into Derivatives of the Three Embryonic Germ Layers. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:1181-1192. [PMID: 34802139 PMCID: PMC8942977 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles as second messengers in a wide array of cellular processes including differentiation of stem cells. We identified Nox4 as the major ROS-generating enzyme whose expression is induced during differentiation of embryoid body (EB) into cells of all three germ layers. The role of Nox4 was examined using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) generated from Nox4 knockout (Nox4−/−) mouse. Differentiation markers showed significantly reduced expression levels consistent with the importance of Nox4-generated ROS during this process. From transcriptomic analyses, we found insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), a member of a gene family extensively involved in embryonic development, as one of the most down-regulated genes in Nox4−/− cells. Indeed, addition of IGF2 to culture partly restored the differentiation competence of Nox4−/− iPSCs. Our results reveal an important signaling axis mediated by ROS in control of crucial events during differentiation of pluripotent stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jusong Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Jaewon Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea.,Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Lim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Sanghyuk Lee
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea.,Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, 03760, Korea
| | - Yun Soo Bae
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea.
| | - Jaesang Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03760, Korea. .,Ewha Research Center for Systems Biology, Seoul, 03760, Korea.
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Lu CL, Zheng CM, Lu KC, Liao MT, Wu KL, Ma MC. Indoxyl-Sulfate-Induced Redox Imbalance in Chronic Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10060936. [PMID: 34207816 PMCID: PMC8228088 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10060936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of the uremic toxin indoxyl sulfate (IS) induces target organ damage in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, and causes complications including cardiovascular diseases, renal osteodystrophy, muscle wasting, and anemia. IS stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in CKD, which impairs glomerular filtration by a direct cytotoxic effect on the mesangial cells. IS further reduces antioxidant capacity in renal proximal tubular cells and contributes to tubulointerstitial injury. IS-induced ROS formation triggers the switching of vascular smooth muscular cells to the osteoblastic phenotype, which induces cardiovascular risk. Low-turnover bone disease seen in early CKD relies on the inhibitory effects of IS on osteoblast viability and differentiation, and osteoblastic signaling via the parathyroid hormone. Excessive ROS and inflammatory cytokine releases caused by IS directly inhibit myocyte growth in muscle wasting via myokines’ effects. Moreover, IS triggers eryptosis via ROS-mediated oxidative stress, and elevates hepcidin levels in order to prevent iron flux in circulation in renal anemia. Thus, IS-induced oxidative stress underlies the mechanisms in CKD-related complications. This review summarizes the underlying mechanisms of how IS mediates oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of CKD’s complications. Furthermore, we also discuss the potential role of oral AST-120 in attenuating IS-mediated oxidative stress after gastrointestinal adsorption of the IS precursor indole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Lin Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, New Taipei 24352, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242062, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Mei Zheng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan;
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei 23561, Taiwan
- Research Center of Urology and Kidney, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Cheng Lu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei 23142, Taiwan;
| | - Min-Tser Liao
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32551, Taiwan;
- National Defense Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 114202, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lin Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan 32551, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-L.W.); (M.-C.M.)
| | - Ming-Chieh Ma
- School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242062, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.-L.W.); (M.-C.M.)
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Antioxidative, Antiapoptotic, and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Apamin in a Murine Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235717. [PMID: 33287398 PMCID: PMC7731169 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is the major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in severely ill patients, but only limited therapeutic options are available. During sepsis, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin derived from bacteria, activates signaling cascades involved in inflammatory responses and tissue injury. Apamin is a component of bee venom and has been shown to exert antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the effect of apamin on LPS-induced AKI has not been elucidated. Here, we show that apamin treatment significantly ameliorated renal dysfunction and histological injury, especially tubular injury, in LPS-injected mice. Apamin also suppressed LPS-induced oxidative stress through modulating the expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 and heme oxygenase-1. Moreover, tubular cell apoptosis with caspase-3 activation in LPS-injected mice was significantly attenuated by apamin. Apamin also inhibited cytokine production and immune cell accumulation, suppressed toll-like receptor 4 pathway, and downregulated vascular adhesion molecules. Taken together, these results suggest that apamin ameliorates LPS-induced renal injury through inhibiting oxidative stress, apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells, and inflammation. Apamin might be a potential therapeutic option for septic AKI.
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