1
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Li L, Feldman BJ. White adipocytes in subcutaneous fat depots require KLF15 for maintenance in preclinical models. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e172360. [PMID: 38949025 PMCID: PMC11213504 DOI: 10.1172/jci172360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Healthy adipose tissue is essential for normal physiology. There are 2 broad types of adipose tissue depots: brown adipose tissue (BAT), which contains adipocytes poised to burn energy through thermogenesis, and white adipose tissue (WAT), which contains adipocytes that store lipids. However, within those types of adipose, adipocytes possess depot and cell-specific properties that have important implications. For example, the subcutaneous and visceral WAT confers divergent risk for metabolic disease. Further, within a depot, different adipocytes can have distinct properties; subcutaneous WAT can contain adipocytes with either white or brown-like (beige) adipocyte properties. However, the pathways that regulate and maintain this cell and depot-specificity are incompletely understood. Here, we found that the transcription factor KLF15 is required for maintaining white adipocyte properties selectively within the subcutaneous WAT. We revealed that deletion of Klf15 is sufficient to induce beige adipocyte properties and that KLF15's direct regulation of Adrb1 is a critical molecular mechanism for this process. We uncovered that this activity is cell autonomous but has systemic implications in mouse models and is conserved in primary human adipose cells. Our results elucidate a pathway for depot-specific maintenance of white adipocyte properties that could enable the development of therapies for obesity and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Brian J. Feldman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
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Abebe BK, Wang H, Li A, Zan L. A review of the role of transcription factors in regulating adipogenesis and lipogenesis in beef cattle. J Anim Breed Genet 2024; 141:235-256. [PMID: 38146089 DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
In the past few decades, genomic selection and other refined strategies have been used to increase the growth rate and lean meat production of beef cattle. Nevertheless, the fast growth rates of cattle breeds are often accompanied by a reduction in intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition, impairing meat quality. Transcription factors play vital roles in regulating adipogenesis and lipogenesis in beef cattle. Meanwhile, understanding the role of transcription factors in regulating adipogenesis and lipogenesis in beef cattle has gained significant attention to increase IMF deposition and meat quality. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to provide a comprehensive summary and valuable insight into the complex role of transcription factors in adipogenesis and lipogenesis in beef cattle. This review summarizes the contemporary studies in transcription factors in adipogenesis and lipogenesis, genome-wide analysis of transcription factors, epigenetic regulation of transcription factors, nutritional regulation of transcription factors, metabolic signalling pathways, functional genomics methods, transcriptomic profiling of adipose tissues, transcription factors and meat quality and comparative genomics with other livestock species. In conclusion, transcription factors play a crucial role in promoting adipocyte development and fatty acid biosynthesis in beef cattle. They control adipose tissue formation and metabolism, thereby improving meat quality and maintaining metabolic balance. Understanding the processes by which these transcription factors regulate adipose tissue deposition and lipid metabolism will simplify the development of marbling or IMF composition in beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belete Kuraz Abebe
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
- Department of Animal Science, Werabe University, Werabe, Ethiopia
| | - Hongbao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Anning Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Linsen Zan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Drygalski K, Higos R, Merabtene F, Mojsak P, Grubczak K, Ciborowski M, Razak H, Clément K, Dugail I. Extracellular matrix hyaluronan modulates fat cell differentiation and primary cilia dynamics. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159470. [PMID: 38423452 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hyaluronan is an important extracellular matrix component, with poorly documented physiological role in the context of lipid-rich adipose tissue. We have investigated the global impact of hyaluronan removal from adipose tissue environment by in vitro exposure to exogenous hyaluronidase (or heat inactivated enzyme). Gene set expression analysis from RNA sequencing revealed downregulated adipogenesis as a main response to hyaluronan removal from human adipose tissue samples, which was confirmed by hyaluronidase-mediated inhibition of adipocyte differentiation in the 3T3L1 adipose cell line. Hyaluronidase exposure starting from the time of induction with the differentiation cocktail reduced lipid accumulation in mature adipocytes, limited the expression of terminal differentiation marker genes, and impaired the early induction of co-regulated Cebpa and Pparg mRNA. Reduction of Cebpa and Pparg expression by exogenous hyaluronidase was also observed in cultured primary preadipocytes from subcutaneous, visceral or brown adipose tissue of mice. Mechanistically, inhibition of adipogenesis by hyaluronan removal was not caused by changes in osmotic pressure or cell inflammatory status, could not be mimicked by exposure to threose, a metabolite generated by hyaluronan degradation, and was not linked to alteration in endogenous Wnt ligands expression. Rather, we observed that hyaluronan removal associated with disrupted primary cilia dynamics, with elongated cilium and higher proportions of preadipocytes that remained ciliated in hyaluronidase-treated conditions. Thus, our study points to a new link between ciliogenesis and hyaluronan impacting adipose tissue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Drygalski
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, NutriOmics team : Nutrition/Obesities- systemic approaches, Paris 75013, France; Department of Hypertension and Diabetology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Romane Higos
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, NutriOmics team : Nutrition/Obesities- systemic approaches, Paris 75013, France
| | - Fatiha Merabtene
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, NutriOmics team : Nutrition/Obesities- systemic approaches, Paris 75013, France
| | - Patrycja Mojsak
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Kamil Grubczak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Michal Ciborowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Hady Razak
- Department of General and Endocrine Surgery, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Karine Clément
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, NutriOmics team : Nutrition/Obesities- systemic approaches, Paris 75013, France; Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Nutrition department, Pitié-Salpetrière Hospital, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Dugail
- INSERM, Sorbonne Université, NutriOmics team : Nutrition/Obesities- systemic approaches, Paris 75013, France.
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4
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Tarapongpun T, Onlamoon N, Tabu K, Chuthapisith S, Taga T. The optimized priming effect of FGF-1 and FGF-2 enhances preadipocyte lineage commitment in human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Genes Cells 2024; 29:231-253. [PMID: 38253356 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The cell-assisted lipotransfer technique, integrating adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs), has transformed lipofilling, enhancing fat graft viability. However, the multipotent nature of ADMSCs poses challenges. To improve safety and graft vitality and to reduce unwanted lineage differentiation, this study refines the methodology by priming ADMSCs into preadipocytes-unipotent, self-renewing cells. We explored the impact of fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1), fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), and epidermal growth factor (EGF), either alone or in combination, on primary human ADMSCs during the proliferative phase. FGF-2 emerged as a robust stimulator of cell proliferation, preserving stemness markers, especially when combined with EGF. Conversely, FGF-1, while not significantly affecting cell growth, influenced cell morphology, transitioning cells to a rounded shape with reduced CD34 expression. Furthermore, co-priming with FGF-1 and FGF-2 enhanced adipogenic potential, limiting osteogenic and chondrogenic tendencies, and possibly promoting preadipocyte commitment. These preadipocytes exhibited unique features: rounded morphology, reduced CD34, decreased preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref-1), and elevated C/EBPα and PPARγ, alongside sustained stemness markers (CD73, CD90, CD105). Mechanistically, FGF-1 and FGF-2 activated key adipogenic transcription factors-C/EBPα and PPARγ-while inhibiting GATA3 and Notch3, which are adipogenesis inhibitors. These findings hold the potential to advance innovative strategies for ADMSC-mediated lipofilling procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanakorn Tarapongpun
- Division of Head Neck and Breast Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Stem Cell Regulation, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nattawat Onlamoon
- Department of Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Siriraj Research Group in Immunobiology and Therapeutic Sciences, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kouichi Tabu
- Department of Stem Cell Regulation, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Suebwong Chuthapisith
- Division of Head Neck and Breast Surgery, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Department of Surgery, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tetsuya Taga
- Department of Stem Cell Regulation, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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Li L, Gunewardena AM, Nyima T, Feldman BJ. Quantification of cell energetics in human subcutaneous adipose progenitor cells after target gene knockdown. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102607. [PMID: 37742183 PMCID: PMC10751552 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pro-preadipocytes are adipocyte progenitor cells within subcutaneous adipose tissue that are conserved in human adipose tissue with distinct cellular energetics. Here, we detail a protocol to quantify cellular oxygen consumption rates of primary human cells harvested from adipose tissue. We describe steps for primary cell expansion, cell seeding, transfection, differentiation, and respirometry followed by Agilent Seahorse Analytics. The measurement of bioenergetic profiles and resulting data further expand our knowledge of the functional properties of primary cells isolated from adipose tissue. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Chen et al. (2023).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | | | - Tenzin Nyima
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Brian J Feldman
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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