1
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Park S, Patel SA, Torr EE, Dureke AGN, McIntyre AM, Skop AR. A protocol for isolating and imaging large extracellular vesicles or midbody remnants from mammalian cell culture. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102562. [PMID: 37690025 PMCID: PMC10500451 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, midbody remnants (MBRs) are isolated from cell culture medium using ultracentrifugation, which is expensive and time consuming. Here, we present a protocol for isolating MBRs or large extracellular vesicles (EVs) from mammalian cell culture using either 1.5% polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG6000) or PEG5000-coated gold nanoparticles. We describe steps for growing cells, collecting media, and precipitating MBRs and EVs from cell culture medium. We then detail characterization of MBRs through immunofluorescent antibody staining and immunofluorescent imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Smit A Patel
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Torr
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | | | - Alina M McIntyre
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Ahna R Skop
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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2
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Ten Hacken E, Gruber M, Hernández-Sánchez M, Hoffmann GB, Baranowski K, Redd RA, Clement K, Livak K, Wu CJ. Generation of mouse models carrying B cell restricted single or multiplexed loss-of-function mutations through CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102165. [PMID: 37729058 PMCID: PMC10510057 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol to generate B cell restricted mouse models of loss-of-function genetic drivers typical of lymphoproliferative disorders, using stem cell engineering of murine strains carrying B cell restricted Cas9 expression. We describe steps for preparing lentivirus expressing sgRNA-mCherry, isolating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, and in vitro transduction. We then detail the transplantation of engineered cells into recipient mice and verification of gene edits. These mouse models represent versatile platforms to model complex disease traits typical of lymphoproliferative disorders. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to ten Hacken et al.,1 ten Hacken et al.,2 and ten Hacken et al.3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Ten Hacken
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Michaela Gruber
- CEMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - María Hernández-Sánchez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Kaitlyn Baranowski
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert A Redd
- Department of Data Science, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kendell Clement
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Molecular Pathology Unit, Center for Cancer Research and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Kenneth Livak
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Translational Immunogenomics Laboratory, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine J Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Bahrami E, Geiger T, Steixner-Kumar AA, Santacruz D, Viollet C, Dick A, Roth Y, Schlingeloff P, Schmidberger J, Haenle M, Kratzer W, Kitt K, Neubauer H, Simon E, Krenkel O, Werner M. An optimized protocol for isolation of hepatic leukocytes retrieved from murine and NASH liver biopsies. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102597. [PMID: 37740914 PMCID: PMC10520930 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune dysregulation and inflammation by hepatic-resident leukocytes is considered a key step in disease progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis toward cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Here, we provide a protocol for isolation and characterization of liver-resident immune cells from fine-needle biopsies obtained from a rodent model and humans. We describe steps for isolating leukocytes, cell sorting, and RNA extraction and sequencing. We then detail procedures for low-input mRNA sequencing analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Bahrami
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Tobias Geiger
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | - Diana Santacruz
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Coralie Viollet
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Alec Dick
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Yvonne Roth
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | | | | | - Mark Haenle
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kratzer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kerstin Kitt
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Heike Neubauer
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Eric Simon
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Oliver Krenkel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany
| | - Markus Werner
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach, Germany.
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4
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Labarta-Bajo L, Deng J, Contreras M, Allen NJ. Protocol for the purification and transcriptomic analysis of mouse astrocytes using GFAT. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102599. [PMID: 37742178 PMCID: PMC10522990 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are glial cells of the central nervous system that modulate neuronal function. Here, we present glyoxal-fixed astrocyte nuclei transcriptomics (GFAT), a protocol for the purification and transcriptomic analysis of astrocyte nuclei from the cortex and cerebellum of adult and aged fresh mouse brain. We describe steps for tissue dissection, glyoxal fixation, homogenization, nuclei isolation, antibody staining, fluorescence-activated cell sorting, and RT-qPCR or bulk RNA sequencing. GFAT does not require transgenic lines or viral injection and allows parallel astrocyte and neuron profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - James Deng
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Minerva Contreras
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Neurosciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nicola J Allen
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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5
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Villanueva-Carmona T, Cedó L, Núñez-Roa C, Maymó-Masip E, Vendrell J, Fernández-Veledo S. Protocol for the in vitro isolation and culture of mature adipocytes and white adipose tissue explants from humans and mice. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102693. [PMID: 37924518 PMCID: PMC10656257 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) explants culture allows the study of this tissue ex vivo, maintaining its structure and properties. Concurrently, isolating mature adipocytes facilitates research into fat cell metabolism and hormonal regulation. Here, we present a protocol for obtaining, isolating, and processing mature adipocytes, alongside the cultivation of WAT explants from humans and mice. We describe steps for WAT retrieval, culturing of WAT explants, WAT digestion, and adipocytes separation. We then detail procedures for culturing isolated mature adipocytes. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Villanueva-Carmona et al. (2023).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Villanueva-Carmona
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Lídia Cedó
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Núñez-Roa
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elsa Maymó-Masip
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Department of Medicine and Surgery, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Research Unit, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, 43005 Tarragona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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6
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Li C, Guan J, Li Y, Tian X, Zhao Y, Liu W, Tian H, Tian H, Yang Y, Zhao M. Protocol for high-sensitivity western blot on murine hematopoietic stem cells. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102578. [PMID: 37733599 PMCID: PMC10519847 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) sustain hematopoiesis during homeostasis and regeneration. However, their limited availability poses a challenge for protein analysis. Here, we present a protocol for performing high-sensitivity western blot on HSCs using two techniques that enhance HSC isolation from mice and boost sensitivity for low cell numbers. We describe steps for isolating murine bone marrow cells, antibody staining, and cell sorting and post-sort analysis. We then detail a western blot procedure suitable for low numbers of HSCs. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Li et al (2022).1,2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changzheng Li
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Guan
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yishan Li
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaobin Tian
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yijun Zhao
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Weiming Liu
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huixuan Tian
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huiqi Tian
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yalan Yang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering (Ministry of Education), Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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7
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Scholte LLS, Leggat DJ, Cohen KW, Hoeweler L, Erwin GC, Rahaman F, Lombardo A, Philiponis V, Laufer DS, Siefers H, Ruppel AM, Brand J, Maenza J, Bronson R, Prabhakaran M, Jean-Baptiste J, Kolokythas O, Desrosiers AA, Thoreson CK, Heit A, Khati NJ, Malkin E, McElrath MJ, McDermott AB, Schief WR, Diemert D, Bethony JM. Ultrasound-guided lymph node fine-needle aspiration for evaluating post-vaccination germinal center responses in humans. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102576. [PMID: 37733596 PMCID: PMC10519838 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymph node (LN) is a critical biological site for immune maturation after vaccination as it includes several cell populations critical for priming the antibody response. Here, we present a protocol for sampling the LN and isolating cell populations to evaluate immunogens targeting germline cells. We describe steps for media and tube preparation and sample collection using an ultrasound-guided LN fine-needle aspiration procedure. This protocol is safe, quick, low-cost, and less invasive than excisional biopsy. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Leggat et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa L S Scholte
- Vaccine Research Unit, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | - David J Leggat
- The US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kristen W Cohen
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Lara Hoeweler
- Vaccine Research Unit, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Guacyara C Erwin
- Vaccine Research Unit, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Alexis M Ruppel
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Joshua Brand
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Janine Maenza
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Rhi Bronson
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Madhu Prabhakaran
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jalen Jean-Baptiste
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Orpheus Kolokythas
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Aimee A Desrosiers
- Vaccine Research Unit, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Caroline K Thoreson
- Vaccine Research Unit, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Antje Heit
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Nadia J Khati
- Vaccine Research Unit, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Elissa Malkin
- Vaccine Research Unit, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - M Juliana McElrath
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | | | - William R Schief
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Center for HIV/AIDS Vaccine Development, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - David Diemert
- Vaccine Research Unit, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Bethony
- Vaccine Research Unit, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
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8
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Wayland JL, Stemen EL, Doll JR, Divanovic S. Protocol for cytokine and uterine immune cell characterization in a mouse model of LPS-induced preterm birth. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102643. [PMID: 37858473 PMCID: PMC10594632 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation-driven preterm birth (PTB) is modeled in mice using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. Here, we present a protocol for cytokine and uterine immune cell characterization in a mouse model of LPS-induced PTB. We describe steps for LPS challenge, in vivo cytokine capture assay, and isolation of uterine immune cells for flow cytometry. These techniques allow examination of systemic inflammation in vivo and immune cell characterization at the maternal-fetal interface, facilitating exploration of inflammatory dynamics in mouse models of PTB susceptibility. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Doll et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Wayland
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
| | - Emma L Stemen
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jessica R Doll
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA; Center for Inflammation and Tolerance, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
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9
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Song J, Zhang J, Ji Y, Tang J, Sheng J, Liang T, Bai X. Protocol for isolating single cells from human pancreatic cancer tissues and analyzing major immune cell populations using flow cytometry. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102679. [PMID: 37910511 PMCID: PMC10630849 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol for collecting, dissociating, isolating, staining, and analyzing immune cells from pancreatic cancer tissues for flow cytometry. The isolated cells can also be used for single-cell RNA sequencing and other related procedures. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Zhang et al. (2023).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Junlei Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Yongtao Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Jianghui Tang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310002, China
| | - Jianpeng Sheng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310002, China.
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310002, China.
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310002, China; Zhejiang University Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310002, China.
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10
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Harusato A, Seo W, Abo H, Nakanishi Y, Nishikawa H, Itoh Y. Protocol for acquiring samples to assess the impact of microplastics on immune microenvironments in the mouse intestine. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102648. [PMID: 37865913 PMCID: PMC10598693 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental nano- and microplastics (NMPs) pose serious environmental issues, yet there is no established technique to assess their impact on health through oral ingestion. Here, we present a protocol to assess the impact of NMPs in the intestinal immune microenvironments by employing chronic exposure to NMPs in a mouse model. We describe steps for administration of NMPs, feces and tissue collection, and colonic gut digestion. We then detail procedures for isolation of intestinal immune cells and RNA isolation. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Harusato et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihito Harusato
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Wooseok Seo
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hirohito Abo
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yoshitaka Nakanishi
- Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Nishikawa
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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11
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Li L, Xu B, Liu C. Sample enrichment for single-nucleus sequencing using concanavalin A-conjugated magnetic beads. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102595. [PMID: 37740915 PMCID: PMC10520929 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell/nucleus sequencing has been increasingly used to study specific cell populations. However, cells/nuclei often become diluted during isolation steps and are difficult to reconcentrate through centrifugation. Here, we present a protocol for sample enrichment using concanavalin A-conjugated magnetic beads. We describe steps for dissection, nuclei isolation, and fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). We then detail procedures for nuclei enrichment and library preparation. This protocol enables efficient retrieval and enrichment of cells/nuclei following FACS and integrates into existing workflows of various 10× Genomics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- The Hypothalamic Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Baijie Xu
- The Hypothalamic Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chen Liu
- The Hypothalamic Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Peter O'Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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12
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Steiger L, Baumann Z, Keller L, Böni-Schnetzler M, Donath MY, Meier DT. Protocol for isolation and spectral flow cytometry analysis of immune cells from the murine exocrine and endocrine pancreas. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102664. [PMID: 37889759 PMCID: PMC10641308 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a disease of the hormone-secreting endocrine pancreas. However, increasing evidence suggests that the exocrine pancreas is also involved in the pathogenesis of diabetes. In this protocol, we describe how to harvest both isolated islets and exocrine tissue from one mouse pancreas, followed by a detailed explanation of how to isolate and analyze immune cells using full-spectrum flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Steiger
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Zora Baumann
- Tumor Heterogeneity, Metastasis and Resistance, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Surgery, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lena Keller
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Böni-Schnetzler
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Marc Y Donath
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel T Meier
- Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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13
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Guo J, Ying F, Cai J, Wang Z. A protocol for selection in mice of highly metastatic ovarian cancer cell with omental tropism. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102642. [PMID: 37924519 PMCID: PMC10656258 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical models mimicking spontaneous omental metastasis from ovarian cancer (OC) can benefit the study of anti-metastatic therapies for OC patients. Here, we present a protocol to establish a highly metastatic (HM) mouse model with omental tropism by in vivo selection. We describe the processes of implanting OC cells in the ovaries of mice and obtaining HM sublines from their omental metastases. HM cells can metastasize from the ovary to the omentum within 2 weeks. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Ying et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical Collage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Feiquan Ying
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical Collage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical Collage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Zehua Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical Collage, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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14
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Sisó P, de la Rosa I, Ríos C, Panosa A, Verdaguer J, Martí R, Macià A. Protocol to characterize the melanoma tumor immune microenvironment in mice from single cell to flow cytometry analysis. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102690. [PMID: 37979181 PMCID: PMC10694585 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a protocol to study and describe immune cells that surround or infiltrate tumor cells or get through the body of a melanoma syngeneic mice model. We describe steps for creating and establishing the syngeneic mouse model, euthanasia, and tumor or organ harvest. We then detail procedures to rapidly achieve a single-cell suspension from different tissue samples to further quantify and analyze the phenotype of the immune cell population (lymphocytes T and B, tumor-associated macrophages, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells) by flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Sisó
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Inés de la Rosa
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Christopher Ríos
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Anaïs Panosa
- Flow Cytometry and Confocal Microscopy Unit, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joan Verdaguer
- Immunology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lleida & IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain; CIBER of Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - RosaMaria Martí
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain; Center of Biomedical Research on Cancer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Macià
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
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15
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Li L, Gunewardena AM, Nyima T, Feldman BJ. Quantification of cell energetics in human subcutaneous adipose progenitor cells after target gene knockdown. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102607. [PMID: 37742183 PMCID: PMC10751552 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pro-preadipocytes are adipocyte progenitor cells within subcutaneous adipose tissue that are conserved in human adipose tissue with distinct cellular energetics. Here, we detail a protocol to quantify cellular oxygen consumption rates of primary human cells harvested from adipose tissue. We describe steps for primary cell expansion, cell seeding, transfection, differentiation, and respirometry followed by Agilent Seahorse Analytics. The measurement of bioenergetic profiles and resulting data further expand our knowledge of the functional properties of primary cells isolated from adipose tissue. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Chen et al. (2023).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
| | | | - Tenzin Nyima
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Brian J Feldman
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
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16
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Li N, Yan Y, Wu B, Wang J, Yang F. Proteomics protocol for obtaining extracellular vesicle from human plasma using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation technology. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102515. [PMID: 37742179 PMCID: PMC10520938 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) represent a potential resource for biomarkers of multiple diseases. Here, we present a protocol for obtaining EVs from human plasma using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation technology. We describe steps for using tandem mass tags to perform comparative proteomic studies of a large clinical cohort. We then detail targeted quantitative analysis of differential proteins based on a parallel reaction monitoring technique. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Wu et al. (2020)1 and Li et al. (2023).2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yumeng Yan
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bowen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fuquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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17
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Li YT, Wu HL, Wu LL. Isolation of murine hepatic myeloid cells with high yield and purity using immunomagnetic beads for subset analysis. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102592. [PMID: 37742173 PMCID: PMC10520942 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
There are numerous established techniques for isolating hepatic myeloid cells; however, preserving their phenotypic and functional characteristics can be challenging. We present a straightforward and efficient method to isolate hepatic myeloid cells, including Kupffer cells and lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus C+ (Ly6C+) monocytes/macrophages. The procedure involves perfusion of the liver with collagenase and purification with immunomagnetic particles. This protocol ensures the isolation of large quantities of purified, viable, and functional cells without influencing their physiological characteristics. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Wu et al. (2019).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Tsung Li
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Lin Wu
- Hepatitis Research Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ling Wu
- Department and Institute of Physiology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Health Innovation Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Microbiota Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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18
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Stephens DC, Mungai M, Crabtree A, Beasley HK, Garza-Lopez E, Vang L, Neikirk K, Vue Z, Vue N, Marshall AG, Turner K, Shao JQ, Sarker B, Murray S, Gaddy JA, Davis J, Damo SM, Hinton AO. Protocol for isolating mice skeletal muscle myoblasts and myotubes via differential antibody validation. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102591. [PMID: 37938976 PMCID: PMC10663959 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolation of skeletal muscles allows for the exploration of many complex diseases. Here, we present a protocol for isolating mice skeletal muscle myoblasts and myotubes that have been differentiated through antibody validation. We describe steps for collecting and preparing murine skeletal tissue, myoblast cell maintenance, plating, and cell differentiation. We then detail procedures for cell incubation, immunostaining, slide preparation and storage, and imaging for immunofluorescence validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique C Stephens
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Margaret Mungai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Amber Crabtree
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Heather K Beasley
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Edgar Garza-Lopez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Larry Vang
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kit Neikirk
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Zer Vue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Neng Vue
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Andrea G Marshall
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Kyrin Turner
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jian-Qiang Shao
- Central Microscopy Research Facility, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Bishnu Sarker
- School of Applied Computational Sciences, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sandra Murray
- Department of Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, TN 15260, USA
| | - Jennifer A Gaddy
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Tennessee Valley Healthcare Systems, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Jamaine Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology. Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Steven M Damo
- Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Fisk University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| | - Antentor O Hinton
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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19
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Zhou X, Meng M, Wu Y, Gao R, Shan Y, Gu S, He J. Protocol to dissociate and isolate wide-diversity single cells by density gradient centrifugation from human hepatoblastoma tissue. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102449. [PMID: 37459235 PMCID: PMC10511933 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell transcriptome sequencing can characterize various cell types in human liver tissue and facilitate understanding of hepatoblastoma heterogeneity. Here, we present a protocol for isolating hepatocytes and immune cells from human hepatoblastoma samples with high viability. We describe steps for tissue processing, enzymatic digestion, Percoll density gradient separation, cell lysis, cell suspension quality control, and scRNA library construction. We then detail sequencing and data analysis. This protocol is applicable to preparing single-cell suspensions from other human liver tissue samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianchao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mei Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Rui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yuhua Shan
- Department of General Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Song Gu
- Department of General Surgery Shanghai Children's Medical Center, National Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Jian He
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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20
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Takahashi G, Miyaoka Y. Large-scale single-cell cloning of genome-edited cultured human cells by On-chip SPiS. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102364. [PMID: 37329509 PMCID: PMC10285693 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell cloning is the simplest strategy to isolate genome-edited cell clones, although its scalability has been an issue. Here, we present a protocol to establish genome-edited human cultured cell clones using the On-chip SPiS, a single-cell auto-dispensing device with image recognition technology. Human cultured cells are transfected with plasmids of the CRISPR-Cas9 components, and Cas9-expressing cells are sorted and individually plated into multi-well plates by the On-chip SPiS. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Takahashi et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gou Takahashi
- Regenerative Medicine Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan.
| | - Yuichiro Miyaoka
- Regenerative Medicine Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan; Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan.
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21
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Wang Y, Yan J. Intracellular ATP delivery to in vitro expanded mouse CD27 - γδ T cells. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102532. [PMID: 37632744 PMCID: PMC10477735 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular ATP supports the function of γδT17 cells in mice. Here, we present a protocol for intracellular ATP delivery to in vitro expanded mouse CD27- γδ T cells. We describe steps for pre-coating well plates, preparing lymphocytes, culturing CD27- γδ T cells, and ATP delivery. We then detail functional evaluation of γδ T cells by flow cytometry. Appropriate concentrations of control and ATP vesicles are detailed for intracellular ATP delivery, which can also be applied to other immune cells. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Wang et al. (2023).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunke Wang
- Division of Immunotherapy, The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Head and Neck Radiotherapy, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Division of Immunotherapy, The Hiram C. Polk, Jr., MD Department of Surgery, Immuno-Oncology Program, Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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22
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Breeuwsma M, Heesters BA. Protocol for the isolation and purification of human follicular dendritic cells for functional assays. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102404. [PMID: 37392392 PMCID: PMC10336301 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this protocol, we detail how to isolate and purify human follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) from lymphoid tissues. FDCs play a vital role in antibody development by presenting antigens to B cells in germinal centers. The assay involves enzymatic digestion and fluorescence-activated cell sorting and is successfully applied to various lymphoid tissues, including tonsils, lymph nodes, and tertiary lymphoid structures. Our robust technique enables the isolation of FDCs and facilitates downstream functional and descriptive assays. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Heesters et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn Breeuwsma
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Balthasar A Heesters
- Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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23
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Zhang J, Straehle J, Joseph K, Neidert N, Behringer S, Göldner J, Vlachos A, Prinz M, Fung C, Beck J, Schnell O, Heiland DH, Ravi VM. Isolation and profiling of viable tumor cells from human ex vivo glioblastoma cultures through single-cell transcriptomics. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102383. [PMID: 37393609 PMCID: PMC10328984 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) is becoming a ubiquitous method in profiling the cellular transcriptomes of both malignant and non-malignant cells from the human brain. Here, we present a protocol to isolate viable tumor cells from human ex vivo glioblastoma cultures for single-cell transcriptomic analysis. We describe steps including surgical tissue collection, sectioning, culturing, primary tumor cells inoculation, growth tracking, fluorescence-based cell sorting, and population-enriched scRNA-seq. This comprehensive methodology empowers in-depth understanding of brain tumor biology at the single-cell level. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Ravi et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Zhang
- 3D-Brain Models for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Microenvironment and Immunology Research Laboratory, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Translational NeuroOncology Research Group, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Straehle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center of Advanced Surgical Tissue Analysis (CAST), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kevin Joseph
- NeuroEngineering Laboratory, Medical Centre, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center of Advanced Surgical Tissue Analysis (CAST), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Translational NeuroOncology Research Group, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Neidert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simon Behringer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jonathan Göldner
- 3D-Brain Models for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Microenvironment and Immunology Research Laboratory, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Translational NeuroOncology Research Group, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Vlachos
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BrainLinks-BrainTools Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in Neuromodulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for NeuroModulation (NeuroModul), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marco Prinz
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in Neuromodulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for NeuroModulation (NeuroModul), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Institute of Neuropathology, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Fung
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Beck
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center of Advanced Surgical Tissue Analysis (CAST), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center for Basics in Neuromodulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg (CCCF), Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center- University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Schnell
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center of Advanced Surgical Tissue Analysis (CAST), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Translational NeuroOncology Research Group, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dieter Henrik Heiland
- Microenvironment and Immunology Research Laboratory, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center of Advanced Surgical Tissue Analysis (CAST), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Translational NeuroOncology Research Group, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg (CCCF), Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center- University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Freiburg; Department of Neurological Surgery, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Vidhya M Ravi
- 3D-Brain Models for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Center of Advanced Surgical Tissue Analysis (CAST), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Translational NeuroOncology Research Group, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Freiburg Institute of Advanced Studies (FRIAS), Freiburg, Germany.
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24
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Liu X, Song J, Liu X, Zhang H, Wang X, Li Y, Yang Z, Jing J, Ma X, Shi H. Protocol for identifying immune checkpoint on circulating tumor cells of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by single-cell RNA sequencing. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102539. [PMID: 37659082 PMCID: PMC10491853 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are regarded as the "seeds" of tumor metastasis. Identifying immune checkpoints on CTCs is essential for establishing efficient immunotherapies to prevent tumor metastasis. Here, we present a protocol for isolating CTCs and obtaining single-cell suspensions from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma liver metastatic patients. We describe steps for biospecimen acquisition, CTC isolation, and tissue dissociation. We then detail procedures for performing single-cell RNA-seq, annotating cell types, and identifying immune checkpoints on CTCs. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Liu et al. (2023).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Liu
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinen Song
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xueyan Wang
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yuanxi Li
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhankun Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050035, China
| | - Jing Jing
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xuelei Ma
- Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
| | - Hubing Shi
- Institute for Breast Health Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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25
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Dutta Gupta S, Sen A, Priyadarshi P, Ta M. Enzyme-free isolation of mesenchymal stem cells from decidua basalis of the human placenta. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102498. [PMID: 37573500 PMCID: PMC10448424 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also referred to as "medicinal signaling cells," have gained prominence as candidates for cell-based therapy and in clinical trials owing to their regenerative and therapeutic properties. Here, we present a protocol for isolating MSCs from the decidua basalis layer of human placenta using an explant culture approach. We describe steps for collecting, disinfecting, and plating placental tissue. We then detail procedures for characterizing the isolated MSCs through flow cytometry and in vitro differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srishti Dutta Gupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata (IISER Kolkata), Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Ankita Sen
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata (IISER Kolkata), Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Priyanshu Priyadarshi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata (IISER Kolkata), Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Malancha Ta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Kolkata (IISER Kolkata), Nadia, West Bengal 741246, India.
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26
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Kuang Y, Parthasarathy U, Martinelli R. Protocol for density gradient neutrophil isolation and flow cytometry-based characterization from human peripheral blood. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102497. [PMID: 37590147 PMCID: PMC10461015 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the first immune responders to bacterial or viral infection and play key roles in the host immune response; however, handling and investigating fresh neutrophils can be challenging. Here, we present a protocol for isolating neutrophils from the peripheral blood of healthy donors using density gradient separation method. We describe steps for morphology analysis by cytospin and immunophenotyping by flow cytometry analysis. This protocol can be used for the isolation of neutrophils from healthy and diseased individuals. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Parthasarathy et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Kuang
- Discovery Immunology, Merck & Co., Inc., Cambridge, MA 02141, USA
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27
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Chew N, Habarakada D, Firestein R, Daniel P. A protocol to establish cell line models from rare pediatric solid tumors. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102537. [PMID: 37656627 PMCID: PMC10495629 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric cell line models are important for basic and translational research. However, their establishment has been hampered by low success rates and the lack of a unified approach. Here, we present a protocol to establish pediatric cancer cell lines from rare childhood tumors. We describe the requirements for successful establishment, including an optimized dissociation technique, and the appropriate media conditions necessary for several types of rare but lethal forms of childhood cancers. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Sun et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Chew
- Next-Generation Precision Medicine Program, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Dilru Habarakada
- Next-Generation Precision Medicine Program, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Ron Firestein
- Next-Generation Precision Medicine Program, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia.
| | - Paul Daniel
- Next-Generation Precision Medicine Program, Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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28
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Sasamoto Y, Yeung PC, Tran J, Frank MH, Frank NY. Protocol for isolating human BCAM-positive corneal progenitor cells by flow cytometry and cell sorting. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102503. [PMID: 37669162 PMCID: PMC10485628 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BCAM-positive basal limbal epithelial cells are an early transit-amplifying cell population (TAC) capable of holoclone formation and corneal epithelial differentiation. Here, we present a protocol for isolating BCAM-positive cells from human donor corneas by flow cytometry and cell sorting. We describe steps for cell dissection and dissociation, antibody staining, and flow cytometry. We then detail procedures for culturing the purified BCAM-positive and BCAM-negative cells for holoclone and cell sheet formation assays to study the factors that regulate corneal regeneration. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Sasamoto et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzuru Sasamoto
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip C Yeung
- Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Johnathan Tran
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Markus H Frank
- Transplant Research Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Harvard Skin Disease Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Natasha Y Frank
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA.
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29
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Chen H, Peng J, Liu L, Huang D, Zhao Y, Wu W. Protocol to isolate human normal and neoplastic pancreatic cells for single-cell omic analyses. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102464. [PMID: 37480562 PMCID: PMC10382986 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The high-throughput sequencing at single-cell resolution requires high-quality samples of inputted 100-10,000 cells with at least 80%-90% viability according to the applied platform. Here, we present a protocol for single-cell isolation from normal and neoplastic human pancreas. We describe steps for sample harvesting, procurement, tissue digestion, and cell purification. Subsequently, isolated cells can be further applied to single-cell profiling, for example, single-cell RNA sequencing and single-cell ATAC-seq using 10× Genomics platform. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Peng et al. (2019)1 and Li et al. (2021).2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Junya Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China; Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
| | - Lulu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China; Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Medical Research Center, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Center for Pathogen Biology and Infectious Disease, Key laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, State Key laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Yupei Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Wenming Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Beijing 100730, China.
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30
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Chowdhury S, Fried KD, Iwakiri Y, Brancale J, Vilarinho S. Protocol for enrichment, purification, and cytocentrifugation of mouse liver endothelial cells. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102480. [PMID: 37515764 PMCID: PMC10400957 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver endothelial cells (LECs) are critical in maintaining liver homeostasis. To understand the mechanistic processes occurring in these cells, high-quality isolation protocols must be in place. Here, we present a protocol for LEC enrichment, subsequent LEC purification using fluorescence-assisted cell sorting, and cytocentrifugation of sorted LECs for imaging. We describe steps for isolation of LEC-enriched population from mouse livers, immunolabeling and sorting, and cytospin and immunostaining. We then mention procedures for downstream analysis. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Drzewiecki et al. (2021).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanin Chowdhury
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Kaela Drzewiecki Fried
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Joseph Brancale
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Sílvia Vilarinho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA.
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31
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Loubser C, Nikitina NV. Protocol to establish an oviduct epithelial cell line derived from Gallus gallus using Percoll for in vitro validation of recombinant proteins. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102495. [PMID: 37542716 PMCID: PMC10432238 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro validation of therapeutic and recombinant proteins expressed from transgenic chickens is limited by the co-culture of fibroblasts. Here, we present a protocol for isolating pure epithelial cells derived from the magnum tubular glands of the chicken oviduct. We describe steps for preparing solutions and buffers, tissue collection, processing, dissociation, and Percoll density centrifugation to separate the epithelial cells from co-isolated fibroblasts. We then detail procedures for expressing a recombinant IgG antibody in the Percoll-derived epithelial cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiron Loubser
- University of the Witwatersrand, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Johannesburg, Gauteng 2000, South Africa.
| | - Natalya V Nikitina
- University of the Witwatersrand, School of Molecular and Cell Biology, Johannesburg, Gauteng 2000, South Africa.
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32
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Coppo R, Kondo J, Onuma K, Inoue M. Tracking the growth fate of single cells and isolating slow-growing cells in human colorectal cancer organoids. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102395. [PMID: 37384521 PMCID: PMC10511865 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-derived tumor organoids are three-dimensionally cultured cancer cells that enable a suitable platform for studying heterogeneity and plasticity of cancer. We present a protocol for tracking the growth fate of single cells and isolating slow-growing cells in human colorectal cancer organoids. We describe steps for organoid preparation and culturing using the cancer-tissue-originating spheroid method, maintaining cell-cell contact throughout. We then detail a single-cell-derived spheroid-forming and growth assay, confirming single-cell plating, monitoring growth over time, and isolating slow-growing cells. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Coppo et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Coppo
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Jumpei Kondo
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kunishige Onuma
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- Department of Clinical Bio-resource Research and Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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33
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Fukushima Y, Minato N, Hattori M. Protocol for the isolation of mouse senescence-associated CD4 + T cells using flow cytometry and functional assays. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102472. [PMID: 37515759 PMCID: PMC10400959 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence-associated (SA) CD4+ T cells, which increase with age, may underlie the development of autoimmunity and chronic inflammation, but their pathological function remains understudied. Here, we present a protocol to isolate CD153+ SA-T cells and evaluate their characteristic responses upon T cell receptor stimulation. We describe steps for the isolation of CD153+ SA-T cells using flow cytometry and in vitro culture with stimulatory antibodies against CD3, CD28, and CD153. We then detail the assessment of the proliferation capacity and cytokine production. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Fukushima et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Fukushima
- Department of Regulation of Neurocognitive Disorders (Cyn-K project), Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Department of Immunosenescence, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Nagahiro Minato
- Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Masakazu Hattori
- Department of Immunosenescence, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Laboratory of Tumor Tissue Response, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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34
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Hailer AA, Wu D, El Kurdi A, Yuan M, Cho RJ, Cheng JB. Isolation of human cutaneous immune cells for single-cell RNA sequencing. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102239. [PMID: 37120815 PMCID: PMC10173011 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) allows for high-resolution analysis of transcriptionally dysregulated cell subpopulations in inflammatory diseases. However, it can be challenging to properly isolate viable immune cells from human skin for scRNA-seq due to its barrier properties. Here, we present a protocol to isolate high-viability human cutaneous immune cells. We describe steps for obtaining and enzymatically dissociating a skin biopsy specimen and isolating immune cells using flow cytometry. We then provide an overview of downstream computational techniques to analyze sequencing data. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Cook et al. (2022)1 and Liu et al. (2022).2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A Hailer
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA; Dermatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - David Wu
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Abdullah El Kurdi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Michelle Yuan
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA; Dermatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
| | - Raymond J Cho
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA; Dermatology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA.
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35
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Fujiwara M, Garo L, Ajay AK, Cannon AS, Kolypetri P, Dhuppar S, Murugaiyan G. Protocol for analyzing transforming growth factor β signaling in dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced colitic mice using flow cytometry and western blotting. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102249. [PMID: 37099428 PMCID: PMC10160580 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is critical to the maintenance of intestinal immune homeostasis. Here, we present techniques for analyzing Smad molecules downstream of TGF-β receptor signaling in dextran-sulfate-sodium-induced colitic mice. We describe colitis induction, cell isolation, and flow cytometric cell sorting of dendritic cells and T cells. We then detail intracellular staining of phosphorylated Smad2/3 and western blotting analysis of Smad7. This protocol can be performed on a limited number of cells from many sources. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Garo et al.1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Fujiwara
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lucien Garo
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Amrendra K Ajay
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alkeiver S Cannon
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Panagiota Kolypetri
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shivnarayan Dhuppar
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Gopal Murugaiyan
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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36
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Procopio FA, Savarino A, Shytaj IL. A scalable workflow to test "shock and kill" therapeutic approaches against the HIV-1 latent reservoir in blood cells ex vivo. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102253. [PMID: 37097819 PMCID: PMC10182335 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Integrated HIV-1 DNA persists in cells of people living with HIV during antiretroviral treatment, but its quantification is hindered by its rarity. Here, we present an optimized protocol to evaluate "shock and kill" therapeutic strategies, including both the latency reactivation ("shock") and elimination of infected cells ("kill") stages. We describe steps for the sequential use of nested PCR-based assays and viability sorting to allow for scalable and rapid screening of candidate therapeutics in patient-derived blood cells. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Shytaj et al..1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Andrea Procopio
- Services of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea Savarino
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Italian Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Iart Luca Shytaj
- Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, BS8 1TD Bristol, UK.
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37
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Heller A, Du F, Liu Y, Yang Y, Yang ZJ. Generating a mouse model for relapsed Sonic Hedgehog medulloblastoma. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102234. [PMID: 37074909 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor relapse is the leading adverse prognostic factor in medulloblastoma (MB). However, there is still no established mouse model for MB relapse, impeding our efforts to develop strategies to treat relapsed MB. We present a protocol for generating a mouse model for relapsed MB using irradiation by optimizing mouse breeding and age, as well as irradiation dosage and timing. We then detail procedures for determining tumor relapse based on tumor cell trans-differentiation in MB tissue, immunohistochemistry, and tumor cell isolation. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Guo et al. (2021).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allie Heller
- Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Fang Du
- Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Yijun Yang
- Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
| | - Zeng-Jie Yang
- Nuclear Dynamics and Cancer Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Temple University Health System, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
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38
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Jia J, Zhao Y, Wang JH, Kuang YQ. Isolating peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-infected patients for single-cell RNA sequencing and integration analysis. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102222. [PMID: 37060557 PMCID: PMC10140154 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) allows the dissection of transcriptional changes in immune cells with HIV infection. Here, we isolate PBMCs from HIV-infected individuals. After counting the cell number and verifying cell viability, we perform scRNA-seq for PBMCs on the 10× Genomics protocol and the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 sequencing platform. Furthermore, we analyze the function and cellular trajectories of B cell subsets and B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire after filtering raw sequences data and normalizing gene expression. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Jia et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jia
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China; Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China; Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510530, China.
| | - Yi-Qun Kuang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China; Scientific Research Laboratory Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650032, China.
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39
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Wang H, Keepers B, Liu J, Qian L. Optimized protocol for direct cardiac reprogramming in mice using Ascl1 and Mef2c. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102204. [PMID: 36989109 PMCID: PMC10074248 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct cardiac reprogramming refers to the conversion of fibroblasts into cardiomyocyte-like cells (iCMs) without going through an intermediate progenitor stage. Here, we present a protocol for direct cardiac reprogramming in mice using Ascl1 and Mef2c. We describe steps for isolating primary neonatal mouse cardiac fibroblast, preparing retrovirus encoding reprogramming factors, and efficient cardiac reprogramming with Ascl1 and Mef2c. The resulting iCMs display cardiomyocyte-like sarcomere structure, gene expression, and calcium flux. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Wang et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofei Wang
- The McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Benjamin Keepers
- The McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Jiandong Liu
- The McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Li Qian
- The McAllister Heart Institute, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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40
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Long KD, Fu J. Chimerism and phenotypic analysis of intraepithelial and lamina propria T cells isolated from human ileal biopsies after intestinal transplantation. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102192. [PMID: 36964907 PMCID: PMC10050767 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding immune cell dynamics after intestinal transplantation has provided new insights into human lymphocyte biology. However, isolating and characterizing such cells can be challenging. Here, we provide a protocol to isolate intraepithelial and lamina propria lymphocytes from human ileal biopsies. We describe techniques for flow cytometric analysis and determination of multilineage chimerism and T lymphocyte phenotypes. This protocol can be modified to isolate and analyze lymphocytes from other tissues. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Fu et al. (2019)1 and Fu et al. (2021).2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine D Long
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Jianing Fu
- Columbia Center for Translational Immunology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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41
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van der Heijden S, Flumens D, Versteven M, Peeters S, Reu HD, Campillo-Davo D, Willemen Y, Ogunjimi B, Van Tendeloo V, Berneman ZN, Anguille S, Smits E, Lion E. In vitro expansion of Wilms' tumor protein 1 epitope-specific primary T cells from healthy human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102053. [PMID: 36853720 PMCID: PMC9918782 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilms' tumor protein 1 (WT1) is a tumor-associated antigen overexpressed in various cancers. As a self-antigen, negative selection reduces the number of WT1-specific T cell receptors (TCRs). Here, we provide a protocol to generate WT137-45-specific TCRs using healthy human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We describe the expansion of WT1-specific T cell clones by two consecutive in vitro stimulations with autologous WT137-45-pulsed dendritic cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes. We then detail the detection with human leukocyte antigen/WT137-45 tetramers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne van der Heijden
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Donovan Flumens
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Maarten Versteven
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stefanie Peeters
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hans De Reu
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Diana Campillo-Davo
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Yannick Willemen
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Benson Ogunjimi
- Centre for Health Economics Research & Modeling Infectious Diseases (CHERMID), VAXINFECTIO, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Viggo Van Tendeloo
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Zwi N Berneman
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Anguille
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Hematology, Antwerp University Hospital (UZA), Drie Eikenstraat 655, 2650 Edegem, Belgium
| | - Evelien Smits
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized & Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Eva Lion
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology (LEH), Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
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42
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Ferriz M, Vega-Pérez A, Gutiérrez-González A, Alvarez-Ladrón N, Ardavín C. Whole-mount immunofluorescence imaging and isolation of mesothelium-bound immune cell aggregates during mouse peritoneal inflammation. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102079. [PMID: 36825810 PMCID: PMC9898286 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Resident peritoneal macrophages (resMØs) are crucial for repairing peritoneal injuries and controlling infections by forming mesothelium-bound resMØ-aggregates in the peritoneal wall and omentum. Here we present a protocol to analyze these structures in mouse models of peritoneal inflammation. We describe the dissection, fixation, immunofluorescent staining, and mounting of whole peritoneal wall and omentum samples and subsequent confocal microscopy imaging of resMØ-aggregates. We also detail the steps to isolate resMØ-aggregates for additional studies, including flow cytometry and electron-microscopy-based analysis. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Vega-Pérez et al. (2021).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Ferriz
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián Vega-Pérez
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Natalia Alvarez-Ladrón
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Ardavín
- Departamento de Inmunología y Oncología, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Darwin 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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43
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Rouers A, Tay MZ, Ng LFP, Renia L. B-cell ELISpot assay to analyze human memory B cell and plasmablast responses specific to SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102130. [PMID: 36853725 PMCID: PMC9910018 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
B-cell ELISpot is an extremely sensitive assay based on the secretion of antibodies by B cells that requires the differentiation of B cells into antibody-secreting cells. Here, we describe the procedure to analyze both plasmablast (PB) and memory B cell (MBC) responses specific to SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) in the context of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. We detail steps for MBC stimulation, MBC and PB plating, detection, and counting of total IgG and RBD-specific spots. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Tay et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeline Rouers
- A∗STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A∗STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #05-13, Singapore 138648, Singapore.
| | - Matthew Zirui Tay
- A∗STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A∗STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #05-13, Singapore 138648, Singapore
| | - Lisa F P Ng
- A∗STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A∗STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #05-13, Singapore 138648, Singapore; National Institute of Health Research, Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Institute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laurent Renia
- A∗STAR Infectious Diseases Labs (A∗STAR ID Labs), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A∗STAR), 8A Biomedical Grove, Immunos #05-13, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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44
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Kim MS, Vital S, Park C. Protocol for the induction of hindlimb ischemia and isolation of muscle endothelial cells in mice. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102017. [PMID: 36638013 PMCID: PMC9852691 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.102017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A mouse model of hindlimb ischemia is an important tool for studying diverse therapeutic approaches for vascularization with high surgical success and low mortality rates. Here, we present a protocol for the induction of hindlimb ischemia in mice, including the surgery procedure and steps to analyze blood perfusion in the ischemic area using a laser speckle contrast analyzer. We also detail the isolation of endothelial cells from thigh muscles using flow cytometry after ischemic surgery. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Park et al. (2016).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Seong Kim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Shantel Vital
- CCDS Surgical Models Core, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA
| | - Changwon Park
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, School of Graduate Studies, Louisiana State University Health, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA.
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45
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Chen H, Liu J, Shi GP, Zhang X. Protocol for in vivo and ex vivo assessment of hyperglycemia and islet function in diabetic mice. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102133. [PMID: 36861836 PMCID: PMC9985025 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse hyperglycemia model and islet function assessment are essential in diabetes research. Here, we provide a protocol to evaluate glucose homeostasis and islet functions in diabetic mice and isolated islets. We describe steps for establishing type 1 and 2 diabetes, glucose tolerance test, insulin tolerance test, glucose stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) assay, and histological analysis for islet number and insulin expression in vivo. We then detail islet isolation, islet GSIS, β-cell proliferation, apoptosis, and programming assays ex vivo. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Zhang et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Jian Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Engineering Research Center of Bioprocess, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China
| | - Guo-Ping Shi
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, China; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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46
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Nixon BG, Chou C, Li MO. Assessing lineage and cytolytic functional potential of murine tissue-resident innate lymphocytes. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102136. [PMID: 36861825 PMCID: PMC10006489 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Group 1 innate lymphocytes are heterogeneous, and their ontogeny and function remain ambiguous. Here, we describe a protocol to measure cell ontogeny and effector functions of natural killer (NK) and ILC1 subsets based on current understanding of their differentiation pathways. We use cre drivers to genetically fate-map cells, tracking plasticity between mature NK and ILC1. We describe innate lymphoid cell precursor transfer studies that determine ontogeny of granzyme-C-expressing ILC1. Additionally, we detail in vitro killing assays that test cytolytic potential of ILC1s. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Nixon et al. (2022).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana G Nixon
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Chun Chou
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Ming O Li
- Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA; Immunology and Microbial Pathogenesis Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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47
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Gonye ALK, LaSalle TJ, Freeman SS, Reyes M, Hacohen N, Villani AC, Sade-Feldman M. Protocol for bulk RNA sequencing of enriched human neutrophils from whole blood and estimation of sample purity. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102125. [PMID: 36853705 PMCID: PMC9946790 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Although neutrophils are the most abundant leukocyte in healthy individuals and impact outcomes of diseases ranging from sepsis to cancer, they remain understudied due to technical constraints of isolation, preservation, and sequencing. We present a modified Smart-Seq2 protocol for bulk RNA sequencing of neutrophils enriched from whole blood. We describe steps for neutrophil isolation, cDNA generation, library preparation, and sample purity estimation via a bioinformatic approach. Our approach permits the collection of large cohorts and enables detection of neutrophil transcriptomic subtypes. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to LaSalle et al. (2022)1 and Boribong et al. (2022).2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L K Gonye
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Cellular and Molecular Medicine Graduate Program, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Thomas J LaSalle
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard Medical School & Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Samuel S Freeman
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Miguel Reyes
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alexandra-Chloé Villani
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moshe Sade-Feldman
- Center for Cancer Research, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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48
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Bose HS, Doetch NE. Protocol for direct measurement of stability and activity of mitochondria electron transport chain complex II. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:101996. [PMID: 36620990 PMCID: PMC9841272 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2022.101996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria electron transport chain (ETC) complex II is essential for steroid metabolism. Here, we present a protocol to measure the stability and activity of mitochondria ETC complex II. We first describe mitochondria isolation from cell lines and tissues. We then detail how to determine the stability of ETC complex II using isothermal calorimetry and quantification of steroidogenesis using activity assays in parallel. Finally, we describe the steps to perform radioimmunoassay (RIA) to confirm the activity of ETC complex II. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Bose et al. (2020).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himangshu S Bose
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Hoskins Research Building 1250 East 66th Street, Savannah, GA 31404, USA; Anderson Cancer Institute, Memorial University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
| | - Nicole E Doetch
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Mercer University School of Medicine, Hoskins Research Building 1250 East 66th Street, Savannah, GA 31404, USA
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Cho J, Min HY, Lee HY. Isolation of slow-cycling cancer cells from lung patient-derived xenograft using carboxyfluorescein-succinimidyl ester retention-mediated cell sorting. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102167. [PMID: 36924504 PMCID: PMC10026031 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The slow-cycling subpopulation plays an important role in anticancer drug resistance and tumor recurrence. Here, we describe a clinically relevant patient-derived xenograft model and a carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester dye that is diluted in a cell proliferation-dependent manner. We detail steps to separate active-cycling cancer cells and slow-cycling cancer cells (SCCs) in heterogeneous cancer populations to confirm their different cellular properties. This protocol can be used to distinguish SCCs, investigate their biology, and develop strategies for anticancer therapeutics. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Cho et al. (2021).1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaebeom Cho
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Concurrent Control of Emphysema and Lung Cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Young Min
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Concurrent Control of Emphysema and Lung Cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Lee
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Concurrent Control of Emphysema and Lung Cancer, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Rezwani M, Mazarzaei A, Abbasi-Malati Z, Pourfathollah AA. Leukocyte Reduction Filters Are Reliable and Economic Source for Natural Killer Cell Preparation. Iran J Immunol 2023; 20:114-128. [PMID: 36934322 DOI: 10.22034/iji.2023.92527.2158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An issue that hinders researchers' access to Natural Killer (NK) cells is their low proportion in peripheral blood leukocytes. This issue is currently addressed by methods involving a series of differentiation and expansions that are time-consuming and expensive. OBJECTIVE We have investigated whether the used leukocyte reduction filters, a by-product in the blood transfusion practice that currently is considered waste, can be utilized as a source of the NK cells. METHODS Following the blood donation of 46 donors based on the Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization's protocols, a sample of peripheral blood of each donor and the leukocyte reduction filter used in their donation procedure have been obtained. The entrapped cells were flushed back from the leukocyte reduction filters. Both groups of samples were analyzed using an automatic hematological analyzer. NK cell isolation was done by the MACS negative selection method. The samples have been comparatively analyzed utilizing flow cytometry data of NK cells' subpopulation compositions, viability, degranulation patterns, and cytotoxic capacity against the K562 cell line. RESULTS Every major leukocyte population was abundant in the samples extracted from the used leukocyte reduction filters. The NK cells extracted from leukocyte reduction filters did not show any statistically meaningful differences (P<0.5) from peripheral blood samples in terms of subpopulation composition, viability, degranulation potency, and cytotoxic capacity. CONCLUSION Used leukocyte reduction filters can be considered an economic, easy to obtain, and robust source of abundant research-grade NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moosa Rezwani
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdulbaset Mazarzaei
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abbasi-Malati
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Pourfathollah
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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