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Fedorov K, Kong L, Wang C, Boczkaj G. High-performance activation of ozone by sonocavitation for BTEX degradation in water. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 363:121343. [PMID: 38843727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
This work presents a novel advanced oxidation process (AOP) for degradation of emerging organic pollutants - benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEXs) in water. A comparative study was performed for sonocavitation assisted ozonation under 40-120 kHz and 80-200 kHz dual frequency ultrasounds (DFUS). Based on the obtained results, the combination of 40-120 kHz i.e., low-frequency US (LFDUS) with O3 exhibited excellent oxidation capacity degrading 99.37-99.69% of BTEXs in 40 min, while 86.09-91.76% of BTEX degradation was achieved after 60 min in 80-200 kHz i.e., high-frequency US (HFDUS) combined with O3. The synergistic indexes determined using degradation rate constants were found as 7.86 and 2.9 for LFDUS/O3 and HFDUS/O3 processes, respectively. The higher extend of BTEX degradation in both processes was observed at pH 6.5 and 10. Among the reactive oxygen species (ROSs), hydroxyl radicals (HO•) were found predominant according to scavenging tests, singlet oxygen also importantly contributed in degradation, while O2•- radicals had a minor contribution. Sulfate (SO42-) ions demonstrated higher inhibitory effect compared to chloride (Cl-) and carbonate (CO32-) ions in both processes. Degradation pathways of BTEX was proposed based on the intermediates identified using GC-MS technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Fedorov
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lingshuai Kong
- Institute of Eco-Environmental Forensics, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Chongqing Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Sanitary Engineering, Gdansk, Poland; Gdansk University of Technology, EcoTech Center, 11/12 Narutowicza St., 80-233, Gdansk, Poland.
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2
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Li Y, Zhang W, Mu K, Li S, Wang J, Zhang S, Wang L. An Ultrasound-Fenton Process for the Degradation of 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3102. [PMID: 36833797 PMCID: PMC9961213 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT), one of the main compounds in ammunition wastewater, is harmful to the environment. In this study, the treatment efficiency of 2,4,6-TNT by different treatment processes, including ferrous ion (Fe2+), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Fenton, ultrasound (US) irradiation, US + Fe2+, US + H2O2 and US-Fenton process, was compared. The results showed that US-Fenton was the most effective among all methods studied. The effects of initial pH, reaction time and H2O2 to Fe2+ molar ratio were investigated. The results showed that the removal of TNT, TOC and COD was maximum at an initial pH of 3.0 and H2O2 to Fe2+ molar ratio of 10:1. TNT, TOC and COD removal was fast in the first 30 min, reaching 83%, 57% and 50%, then increased gradually to 99%, 67% and 87% until 300 min, respectively. Semi-batch mode operation increased the removal of TNT and TOC by approximately 5% and 10% at 60 min, respectively. The average carbon oxidation number (ACON) was increased from -1.7 at 30 min to a steady-state value of 0.4, indicating the mineralization of TNT. Based on GC-MS analysis, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene acid, 3,5-dinitrobenznamine and 3,5-dinitro-p-toluidine were the major byproducts from the US-Fenton process. The TNT degradation pathway was proposed, which involved methyl group oxidation, decarboxylation, aromatic ring cleavage and hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangang Li
- Research and Development Center, Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wenzhen Zhang
- Research and Development Center, Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China
| | - Kelei Mu
- Research and Development Center, Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China
| | - Shangkun Li
- Research and Development Center, Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Research and Development Center, Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China
| | - Shujun Zhang
- Research and Development Center, Beijing Drainage Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100044, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
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Klapcsik K. GPU accelerated numerical investigation of the spherical stability of an acoustic cavitation bubble excited by dual-frequency. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 77:105684. [PMID: 34358882 PMCID: PMC8350425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The spherical stability of an acoustic cavitation bubble under dual-frequency excitation is investigated numerically. The radial dynamics is described by the Keller-Miksis equation, which is a second-order ordinary differential equation. The surface dynamics is modelled by a set of linear ordinary differential equation according to Hao and Prosperetti (1999), which takes into account the effect of vorticity by boundary layer approximation. Due to the large amount of investigated parameter combinations, the numerical computations were carried out on graphics processing units. The results showed that for bubble size between RE=2μm and 4μm, the combination of a low and a high frequency, and the combination of two close but not equal frequencies are important to prevent the bubble losing its shape stability, while reaching the chemical threshold (Rmax/RE=3) (Kalmár et al., 2020). The phase shift between harmonic components of dual-frequency excitation has no effect on the shape stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kálmán Klapcsik
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Hydrodynamic Systems, P.O. Box 91, 1521 Budapest, Hungary.
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4
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Chen X, Wang Z, Kan J. Polysaccharides from ginger stems and leaves: Effects of dual and triple frequency ultrasound assisted extraction on structural characteristics and biological activities. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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5
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Xu B, Ren A, Chen J, Li H, Wei B, Wang J, Azam SR, Bhandari B, Zhou C, Ma H. Effect of multi-mode dual-frequency ultrasound irradiation on the degradation of waxy corn starch in a gelatinized state. Food Hydrocoll 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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6
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Naa Yarley OP, Kojo AB, Gedel AM, Zhou C, Yu X, Richard O, Ababio TE, Jiang H, Yang H. Capacity of ethanol adjunct-treated interface of ionic liquid aqueous two phase system in simultaneous extraction and purification of sorghum leaf sheath polysaccharides. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2020.1844237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Otu Phyllis Naa Yarley
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Accra Technical University, Accra, Ghana
| | - Azumah Bright Kojo
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Accra Technical University, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ahmed Mohammed Gedel
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Accra Technical University, Accra, Ghana
| | - Cunshan Zhou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xiaojie Yu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Osae Richard
- School of Applied Science and Technology, Department of Food and Postharvest Technology, Cape Coast Technical University, PMB, Cape Coast, DL 50, Ghana
| | | | - Haonan Jiang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hongpeng Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Hegedűs F, Klapcsik K, Lauterborn W, Parlitz U, Mettin R. GPU accelerated study of a dual-frequency driven single bubble in a 6-dimensional parameter space: The active cavitation threshold. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2020; 67:105067. [PMID: 32380373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2020.105067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The active cavitation threshold of a dual-frequency driven single spherical gas bubble is studied numerically. This threshold is defined as the minimum intensity required to generate a given relative expansion (Rmax-RE)/RE, where RE is the equilibrium size of the bubble and Rmax is the maximum bubble radius during its oscillation. The model employed is the Keller-Miksis equation that is a second order ordinary differential equation. The parameter space investigated is composed by the pressure amplitudes, excitation frequencies, phase shift between the two harmonic components and by the equilibrium bubble radius (bubble size). Due to the large 6-dimensional parameter space, the number of the parameter combinations investigated is approximately two billion. Therefore, the high performance of graphics processing units is exploited; our in-house code is written in C++ and CUDA C software environments. The results show that for (Rmax-RE)/RE=2, the best choice of the frequency pairs depends on the bubble size. For small bubbles, below 3μm, the best option is to use just a single frequency of a low value in the giant response region. For medium sized bubbles, between 3μm and 6μm, the optimal choice is the mixture of low frequency (giant response) and main resonance frequency. For large bubbles, above 6μm, the main resonance dominates the active cavitation threshold. Increasing the prescribed relative expansion value to (Rmax-RE)/RE=3, the optimal choice is always single frequency driving with the lowest value (20kHz here). Thus, in this case, the giant response always dominates the active cavitation threshold. The phase shift between the harmonic components of the dual-frequency driving (different frequency values) has no effect on the threshold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Hegedűs
- Department of Hydrodynamic Systems, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Kálmán Klapcsik
- Department of Hydrodynamic Systems, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Werner Lauterborn
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Parlitz
- Research Group Biomedical Physics, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization and Institut für Dynamik komplexer Systeme, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Robert Mettin
- Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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8
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Hovenia dulcis polysaccharides: Influence of multi-frequency ultrasonic extraction on structure, functional properties, and biological activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 148:1010-1020. [PMID: 31923506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The directional effect of single-frequency ultrasonic was the cause of the low extraction yield of polysaccharide macromolecule. Thus, a possible solution was to use multi-frequency ultrasonic technology to improve the yield of polysaccharide. Single-frequency (SF), dual-frequency (DF), and three-frequency (TF) ultrasonic extraction were applied to extract polysaccharides of Hovenia dulcis (HDPs). A maximal polysaccharide extraction yield (9.02 ± 0.29%) was gat using the dual-frequency ultrasonic with optimized DF conditions comprising 58.00 °C, 33.00 min, 28&40 kHz. The three HDPs were compared for their physicochemical, rheological, and functional properties, and their antioxidant activities. DF-HDPs contain higher uronic acid than SF-HDPs and TF-HDPs. Rheological tests indicated that the HDPs had excellent colloid properties and a promising potential to serve as a thickener, gelatinizer, and stabilizing agent in the food industry. Moreover, the DF-HDPs exhibited a notable oil holding capacity (3.92 ± 0.04 g oil/g), foaming capacity (35.26 ± 0.47%), and emulsion capacity (43.96 ± 0.67%). Compared to the SF- and TF-HDPs, the DF-HDPs had superior antioxidant activities. In conclusion, a better extraction method (dual-frequency ultrasonic extraction) was achieved.
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9
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Ye L, Zhu X, Liu Y. Numerical study on dual-frequency ultrasonic enhancing cavitation effect based on bubble dynamic evolution. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 59:104744. [PMID: 31473426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.104744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonic cavitation is a physical dynamic phenomenon of bubbles inflation, compression, and collapse in liquid. A dual-frequency ultrasonic cavitation dynamics model is established in this paper to investigate dynamic evolution of bubble under single and dual frequency ultrasonic modes. The variation of bubble radius, pressure, energy, temperature, and number of water vapor molecules inside the bubble in single and dual frequency ultrasonic modes are analyzed, respectively. The results show the oscillation of cavitation bubbles is more unstable and easier to collapse in dual-frequency ultrasound field than those in single-frequency ultrasound field. With the increase of the ultrasonic frequency, cavitation effect is weakened due to the shortage of oscillation period. Under the same ultrasonic power, the maximums of bubble radius, pressure, and water vapor molecules number inside the bubble in the dual-frequency mode are larger than those in the single-frequency mode. Under the ultrasonic excited by 50 kHz + 70 kHz, the maximum bubble radius and pressure can reach 36.061 μm and 2285.9 MPa, respectively, which are much larger than 18.183 μm, 730.61 MPa at 50 kHz and 14.576 μm, 332.25 MPa at 70 kHz. The calculation results of three different frequency combinations (30 kHz + 50 kHz, 40 kHz + 60 kHz and 50 kHz + 70 kHz) indicate dual-frequency ultrasound can significantly enhance the cavitation effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linzheng Ye
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
| | - Xijing Zhu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Yao Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
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10
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Kerboua K, Hamdaoui O. Void fraction, number density of acoustic cavitation bubbles, and acoustic frequency: A numerical investigation. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2019; 146:2240. [PMID: 31671994 DOI: 10.1121/1.5126865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The present paper consists of a numerical study attempting to characterize the bubble population within a sonochemical reactor through modeling and simulating the number density of bubbles and the void fraction. In a first step, both previous parameters were estimated under 1.52 bar and various acoustic frequencies ranging from 20 to 1000 kHz in function of normalized time. The results showed that the average number density of bubbles, varying within the interval 2.8104-1.4 × 1012 bubbles dm-3, follows a clear monotonous evolving trend as the frequency increases, while the average void fraction, comprised between 9.05 × 10-5 and 1.95 × 10-4, demonstrates no dependency of acoustic conditions. In a second step, an energy analysis was performed at microscopic and macroscopic scales, which led the authors to figure out that the evolution of the number density of bubbles in function of acoustic frequency is mainly governed by the energy required to maintain oscillating the single cavitation bubble.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaouther Kerboua
- Ecole Supérieure de Technologies Industrielles, Department of Second Cycle, P.O. Box 218, 23000 Annaba, Algeria
| | - Oualid Hamdaoui
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, P.O. Box 800, 11421 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Gole VL, Sierra-Alvarez R, Peng H, Giesy JP, Deymier P, Keswani M. Sono-chemical treatment of per- and poly-fluoroalkyl compounds in aqueous film-forming foams by use of a large-scale multi-transducer dual-frequency based acoustic reactor. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 45:213-222. [PMID: 29705315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2017] [Revised: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) contain a mixture of organic chemicals, including per- and poly-fluorinated, alkyl sulfonate substances (PFAS) (1-5%, w/w). Some longer-chain PFAS can be toxic, moderately bioaccumulative and persistent in the environment. In the present work, decomposition of PFAS present in two commercially available AFFFs (ANSUL- and 3M-) was investigated using a sono-chemical reactor of volume 91 L. The reactor consists of 12 transducers with operating frequencies of 1 MHz or 500 kHz and total input power of 12 kW. Degradation of PFASs performed using various dilutions of AFFF revealed that release of F- and SO4-2 ions was inversely proportional to initial pH of up to 4. Defluorination of ANSUL-AFFF resulted in an increase in the concentration of F- released from 55.6 ± 0.3 µM (500× dilution) to 58.6 ± 0.6 (25× dilution), while for 3M AFFF it increased from 19.9 ± 0.7 µM (500× dilution) to 217.1 ± 2.4 µM (25× dilution). Though amounts of F- released were less for ANSUL-AFFF than for 3M-AFFF, there was a considerable increase in removal of TOC and release of SO4-2 present in ANSUL-AFFF. Approximately 90.5% and 26.6% reduction of perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFSA) and perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCA) in 3M, respectively, and 38.4% reduction of fluorotelomer sulfonates in ANSUL-AFFF were achieved in 13 h. Estimated costs of energy for the treatment of ANSUL-AFFF and 3M-AFFF at a 500× dilution were $0.015 ± 0.0001/L and $0.019 ± 0.0002/L, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitthal L Gole
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210012, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Reyes Sierra-Alvarez
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210011, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Center, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Center, University of Saskatchewan, 44 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Pierre Deymier
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210012, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Manish Keswani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210012, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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12
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Wang M, Zhou Y. Numerical investigation of the inertial cavitation threshold by dual-frequency excitation in the fluid and tissue. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 42:327-338. [PMID: 29429677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inertial cavitation thresholds, which are defined as bubble growth by 2-fold from the equilibrium radius, by two types of ultrasonic excitation (at the classical single-frequency mode and dual-frequency mode) were calculated. The effect of the dual-frequency excitation on the inertial cavitation threshold in the different surrounding media (fluid and tissue) was studied, and the paramount parameters (driving frequency, amplitude ratio, phase difference, and frequency ratio) were also optimized to maximize the inertial cavitation. The numerical prediction confirms the previous experimental results that the dual-frequency excitation is capable of reducing the inertial cavitation threshold in comparison to the single-frequency one at the same output power. The dual-frequency excitation at the high frequency (i.e., 3.1 + 3.5 MHz vs. 1.1 + 1.3 MHz) is preferred in this study. The simulation results suggest that the same amplitudes of individual components, zero phase difference, and large frequency difference are beneficial for enhancing the bubble cavitation. Overall, this work may provide a theoretical model for further investigation of dual-frequency excitation and guidance of its applications for a better outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Wang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave., 639798, Singapore; Motor Group, R&D, ASM Pacific Technology Ltd, 3/F, Watson Centre, 16-22 Kung Yip St, Kwai Chung, Hong Kong, PR China.
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave., 639798, Singapore
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13
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Chaotic oscillations of gas bubbles under dual-frequency acoustic excitation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 40:151-157. [PMID: 28412092 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chaotic oscillation of bubbles in liquids reduces the efficiency of the sonochemical system and should be suppressed in the practical applications. In the present paper, a chaos control method based on the dual-frequency approach is numerically investigated and is proved to be an effective method even for cases with intensive energy input. It was found that the chaos could be successfully suppressed by the application of dual-frequency approach in a wide range of parameter zone (even with high acoustic pressure amplitude). Furthermore, influences of power allocation between two waves on the chaos control are quantitatively discussed with clear descriptions of the routes from stable oscillations to chaos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Process Fluid Filtration and Separation, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Yuning Zhang
- School of Energy, Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
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14
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Wali A, Ma H, Hayat K, Ren X, Ali Z, Duan Y, Rashid MT. Enzymolysis reaction kinetics and thermodynamics of rapeseed protein with sequential dual‐frequency ultrasound pretreatment. Int J Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.13555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asif Wali
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 China
| | - Haile Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 China
| | - Khizar Hayat
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University P. O. Box 2460 Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaofeng Ren
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 China
| | - Zeshan Ali
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 China
| | - Yuqing Duan
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 China
| | - Muhammad Tayyab Rashid
- School of Food and Biological Engineering Jiangsu University 301 Xuefu Road Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 China
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15
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Yin X, Zhang X, Wan M, Duan X, You Q, Zhang J, Li S. Intensification of biodiesel production using dual-frequency counter-current pulsed ultrasound. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 37:136-143. [PMID: 28427616 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Biodiesel production from soybean oil deodorizer distillate intensified by dual-frequency counter-current pulsed ultrasound and the kinetics were studied. Results indicated that the biodiesel conversions enhanced by single-frequency were lower than those enhanced by dual-frequency. For dual-frequency, the biodiesel conversion of SMM was higher than those of SQM. The biodiesel conversion of the combination of 20/28kHz is the highest. The effects of 20/28kHz SMM on biodiesel production were studied and optimal conditions were: methanol to triglyceride molar ratio 8:1, catalyst content 1.8%, the water content in feedstock should be less than 0.4%, the acid value of feedstock should be less than 2mgKOH·g-1, the biodiesel conversion could reach 96.3%. The kinetics of SMM and SSPU were studied and results showed that the transesterification reaction was pseudo-second order and the energy activation obtained by SMM and SSPU were 18.122kJ·mol-1 and 26.034kJ·mol-1, respectively. These results showed that transesterification reaction intensified by SMM is easier to take place than SSPU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulian Yin
- Huaiyin Insttute of Technology, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China; Jiangsu Key Lab of Biomass-based Green Fuels and Chemicals, Nanjin Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangu 210037, China; Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology; Huaian 223003, China
| | - Xuejuan Zhang
- Huaiyin Insttute of Technology, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Miaomiao Wan
- Huaiyin Insttute of Technology, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Xiuli Duan
- Huaiyin Insttute of Technology, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Qinghong You
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Conversion and Process Integration, Huaiyin Institute of Technology; Huaian 223003, China; Key Laboratory of Medicinal Exploitation and Utilization of Regional Resources, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China; Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Palygorskite Science and Applied Technology, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Jinfeng Zhang
- Huaiyin Insttute of Technology, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China
| | - Songlin Li
- Huaiyin Insttute of Technology, School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaian, Jiangsu 223003, China
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li S. Combination and simultaneous resonances of gas bubbles oscillating in liquids under dual-frequency acoustic excitation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 35:431-439. [PMID: 27818004 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The multi-frequency acoustic excitation has been employed to enhance the effects of oscillating bubbles in sonochemistry for many years. In the present paper, nonlinear dynamic oscillations of bubble under dual-frequency acoustic excitation are numerically investigated within a broad range of parameters. By investigating the power spectra and the response curves of oscillating bubbles, two unique features of bubble oscillations under dual-frequency excitation (termed as "combination resonance" and "simultaneous resonance") are revealed and discussed. Specifically, the amplitudes of the combination resonances are quantitatively compared with those of other traditional resonances (e.g. main resonances, harmonics). The influences of several paramount parameters (e.g., the bubble radius, the acoustic pressure amplitude, the energy allocation between two component waves) on nonlinear bubble oscillations are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Transportation Engineering, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China; School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; School of Power, Energy and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Shengcai Li
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Li S. The secondary Bjerknes force between two gas bubbles under dual-frequency acoustic excitation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 29:129-45. [PMID: 26584991 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The secondary Bjerknes force is one of the essential mechanisms of mutual interactions between bubbles oscillating in a sound field. The dual-frequency acoustic excitation has been applied in several fields such as sonochemistry, biomedicine and material engineering. In this paper, the secondary Bjerknes force under dual-frequency excitation is investigated both analytically and numerically within a large parameter zone. The unique characteristics (i.e., the complicated patterns of the parameter zone for sign change and the combination resonances) of the secondary Bjerknes force under dual-frequency excitation are revealed. Moreover, the influence of several parameters (e.g., the pressure amplitude, the bubble distance and the phase difference between sound waves) on the secondary Bjerknes force is also investigated numerically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Yuning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China; School of Power, Energy and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Shengcai Li
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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18
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Naveena B, Armshaw P, Tony Pembroke J. Ultrasonic intensification as a tool for enhanced microbial biofuel yields. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2015; 8:140. [PMID: 26379772 PMCID: PMC4570611 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-015-0321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasonication has recently received attention as a novel bioprocessing tool for process intensification in many areas of downstream processing. Ultrasonic intensification (periodic ultrasonic treatment during the fermentation process) can result in a more effective homogenization of biomass and faster energy and mass transfer to biomass over short time periods which can result in enhanced microbial growth. Ultrasonic intensification can allow the rapid selective extraction of specific biomass components and can enhance product yields which can be of economic benefit. This review focuses on the role of ultrasonication in the extraction and yield enhancement of compounds from various microbial sources, specifically algal and cyanobacterial biomass with a focus on the production of biofuels. The operating principles associated with the process of ultrasonication and the influence of various operating conditions including ultrasonic frequency, power intensity, ultrasonic duration, reactor designs and kinetics applied for ultrasonic intensification are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balakrishnan Naveena
- Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Materials and Surface Science Institute, Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Patricia Armshaw
- Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Materials and Surface Science Institute, Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - J. Tony Pembroke
- Molecular Biochemistry Laboratory, Materials and Surface Science Institute, Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
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Zhang Y, Li S. Acoustical scattering cross section of gas bubbles under dual-frequency acoustic excitation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 26:437-444. [PMID: 25801796 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The acoustical scattering cross section is a paramount parameter determining the scattering ability of cavitation bubbles when they are excited by the incident acoustic waves. This parameter is strongly related with many important applications of acoustic cavitation including facilitating the reaction of chemical process, boosting bubble sonoluminescence, and performing non-invasive therapy and drug delivery. In present paper, both the analytical and numerical solutions of acoustical scattering cross section of gas bubbles under dual-frequency excitation are obtained. The validity of the analytical solution is shown with demonstrating examples. The nonlinear characteristics (e.g., harmonics, subharmonics and ultraharmonics) of the scattering cross section curve under dual-frequency approach are investigated. Compared with single-frequency approach, the dual-frequency approach displays more resonances termed as "combination resonances" and could promote the acoustical scattering cross section significantly within a much broader range of bubble sizes due to the generation of more resonances. The influence of several paramount parameters (e.g., acoustic pressure amplitude, power allocations between two acoustic components, and the ratio of the frequencies) in the dual-frequency system on the predictions of scattering cross section has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Shengcai Li
- School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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Zhang Y, Du X, Xian H, Wu Y. Instability of interfaces of gas bubbles in liquids under acoustic excitation with dual frequency. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2015; 23:16-20. [PMID: 25164271 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Instability of interfaces of gas bubbles in liquids under acoustic excitation with dual frequency is theoretically investigated. The critical bubble radii dividing stable and unstable regions of bubbles under dual-frequency acoustic excitation are strongly affected by the amplitudes of dual-frequency acoustic excitation rather than the frequencies of dual-frequency excitation. The limitation of the proposed model is also discussed with demonstrating examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Chang Ping, Beijing 102206, China.
| | - Xiaoze Du
- Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Chang Ping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Haizhen Xian
- Key Laboratory of Condition Monitoring and Control for Power Plant Equipment, Ministry of Education, North China Electric Power University, 2 Beinong Road, Chang Ping, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yulin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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21
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Zhang YN, Zhang YN, Li SC. Bubble dynamics under acoustic excitation with multiple frequencies. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/1757-899x/72/1/012003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Computational Fluid Dynamics modeling of micromixing performance in presence of microparticles in a tubular sonoreactor. Comput Chem Eng 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2013.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hernoux-Villière A, Lassi U, Lévêque JM. An original ultrasonic reaction with dual coaxial frequencies for biomass processing. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2013; 20:1341-1344. [PMID: 23701817 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An advanced dual frequency ultrasonic coaxial reactor enabling simultaneously low and high frequencies irradiating in the same direction was developed to focus both mechanical and chemical effects on a concentrated area. The prototype was straightforward employed for the conversion of a starch-based industrial waste into sugars.
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24
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Khanna S, Chakma S, Moholkar VS. Phase diagrams for dual frequency sonic processors using organic liquid medium. Chem Eng Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Li Y, Hsieh WP, Mahmudov R, Wei X, Huang CP. Combined ultrasound and Fenton (US-Fenton) process for the treatment of ammunition wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 244-245:403-411. [PMID: 23274940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2012] [Revised: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A wastewater collected from a regional ammunition process site was treated with combined US-Fenton process. Factors such as pH, temperature, reaction time, US energy intensity, initial TOC concentration, and the molar ratio of iron to hydrogen peroxide that might affect the treatment efficiency were investigated. The removal of TOC, COD, and color increased with decreasing pH and increasing temperature and US intensity. Color was removed rapidly reaching 85% in 10 min; whereas TOC and COD were removed slowly, only about 20% for both in 10 min and approaching 65 and 92% removal in 120 min, respectively. The optimal molar ratio of Fe(II) to H(2)O(2) for TOC and COD removal was 500. The results showed that the change in the average carbon oxidation number (ACON) was parallel to that of the removal efficiency of TOC, COD, and color. The toxicity of treated wastewater was reduced as assessed by the respiration rate of Escherichia coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangang Li
- College of Water Resources and Architecture Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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26
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Sonochemical Treatment of Water Polluted by Chlorinated Organocompounds. A Review. WATER 2010. [DOI: 10.3390/w2010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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