1
|
Han S, Xiao Q, Liang Y, Chen Y, Yan F, Chen H, Yue J, Tian X, Xiong Y. Using Flexible-Printed Piezoelectric Sensor Arrays to Measure Plantar Pressure during Walking for Sarcopenia Screening. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:5189. [PMID: 39204885 PMCID: PMC11360066 DOI: 10.3390/s24165189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related syndrome characterized by the loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. Community screening, commonly used in early diagnosis, usually lacks features such as real-time monitoring, low cost, and convenience. This study introduces a promising approach to sarcopenia screening by dynamic plantar pressure monitoring. We propose a wearable flexible-printed piezoelectric sensing array incorporating barium titanate thin films. Utilizing a flexible printer, we fabricate the array with enhanced compressive strength and measurement range. Signal conversion circuits convert charge signals of the sensors into voltage signals, which are transmitted to a mobile phone via Bluetooth after processing. Through cyclic loading, we obtain the average voltage sensitivity (4.844 mV/kPa) of the sensing array. During a 6 m walk, the dynamic plantar pressure features of 51 recruited participants are extracted, including peak pressures for both sarcopenic and control participants before and after weight calibration. Statistical analysis discerns feature significance between groups, and five machine learning models are employed to screen for sarcopenia with the collected features. The results show that the features of dynamic plantar pressure have great potential in early screening of sarcopenia, and the Support Vector Machine model after feature selection achieves a high accuracy of 93.65%. By combining wearable sensors with machine learning techniques, this study aims to provide more convenient and effective sarcopenia screening methods for the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shulang Han
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Qing Xiao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China;
| | - Ying Liang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yu Chen
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Fei Yan
- Chongqing Municipality Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 404000, China;
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Senile Medical, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China;
| | - Jirong Yue
- Department of Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaobao Tian
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; (Y.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yan Xiong
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu X, Zhang E, Wang S, Shen Y, Xi K, Fang Q. Association of body composition with clinical outcome in Chinese women diagnosed with breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:957527. [PMID: 36203426 PMCID: PMC9530819 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.957527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore the association of body composition with clinical outcomes in Chinese women diagnosed with breast cancer. Method A total of 2,948 Chinese female patients with breast cancer have been included in this retrospective study. Body composition mainly includes the measurements of adiposity and muscle mass. Visceral fat area (VFA) is used to measure visceral obesity, while appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) is utilized to evaluate sarcopenia. The endpoints of this study are disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The association of the body composition parameters with DFS and OS was statistically analyzed. Result The median follow-up time for survivors was 42 months (range, 3 to 70 months). In total, 194 patients (6.9%) had breast cancer recurrence, and 32 patients passed away (1.1%). Among the 2,948 patients included, 1,226 (41.6%) patients were viscerally obese, and 511 (17.3%) patients were sarcopenic. We found that visceral obesity had a significant prognostic impact on DFS (HR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.10-1.95; p = 0.010) but not on OS (P = 0.173). Multivariate analysis revealed sarcopenia as an independent prognostic factor for DFS (HR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.02-2.03; p = 0.038) and OS (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.00-4.51; p = 0.049). Body mass index was not significantly associated with both DFS (P = 0.224) and OS (P = 0.544). Conclusion Visceral obesity is associated with a higher risk of disease recurrence, and sarcopenia is significantly associated with increased recurrence and overall mortality among Chinese women with breast cancer. Body composition assessment could be a simple and useful approach in breast cancer management. Further studies can focus on decreasing visceral fat and increasing skeletal muscle mass to improve prognosis in breast cancer survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Liu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Enming Zhang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Suxing Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixiao Shen
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiwen Xi
- Department of Orthopedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Fang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsai J, Wang S, Chang C, Chen C, Wen C, Chen G, Kuo C, Tseng YJ, Chen C. Identification of traumatic acid as a potential plasma biomarker for sarcopenia using a metabolomics-based approach. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:276-286. [PMID: 34939349 PMCID: PMC8818620 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of sarcopenia is complex and has not been well explored. Identifying biomarkers is a promising strategy for exploring the mechanism of sarcopenia. This study aimed to identify potential biomarkers of sarcopenia through a metabolomic analysis of plasma metabolites in elderly subjects (≥65 years of age) vs. younger adults (<65 years of age). METHODS Of the 168 candidates in the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and Frailty Study of Elderly Outpatients, 24 elderly subjects (≥65 years of age) with sarcopenia were age and sex matched with 24 elderly subjects without sarcopenia. In addition, 24 younger adults were recruited for comparison. Muscle strength, gait speed, and metabolic and inflammatory parameters, including plasma tumour necrosis factor-α, C-reactive protein, irisin, and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) levels were assessed. Metabolomic analysis was carried out using the plasma metabolites. RESULTS Seventy-two participants were enrolled, including 10 (41.6%) men and 14 (58.3%) women in both groups of elderly subjects. The median ages of elderly subjects with and without sarcopenia were 82 (range: 67-88) and 81.5 (range: 67-87) years, respectively. Among the 242 plasma metabolic peaks analysed among these three groups, traumatic acid was considered as a sarcopenia-related metabolite. The plasma traumatic acid signal intensity level was significantly higher in elderly subjects with sarcopenia than in elderly subjects without sarcopenia [591.5 (inter-quartile range, IQR: 491.5-664.5) vs. 430.0 (IQR: 261.0-599.5), P = 0.0063]. The plasma concentrations of traumatic acid were 15.8 (IQR: 11.5-21.7), 21.1 (IQR: 16.0-25.8), and 24.3 (IQR: 18.0-29.5) ppb in younger adults [age range: 23-37 years, 12 (50%) men], elderly subjects without sarcopenia, and elderly subjects with sarcopenia, respectively, thereby depicting an increasing tendency (P for trend = 0.034). This pattern was similar to that of GDF-15, a recognized sarcopenia-related factor. Plasma traumatic acid concentrations were also positively correlated with the presence of hypertension (r = 0.25, P = 0.034), glucose AC (r = 0.34, P = 0.0035), creatinine (r = 0.40, P = 0.0006), and GDF-15 levels (r = 0.25, P = 0.0376), but negatively correlated with the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease-simplify-glomerular filtration rate (r = -0.50, P < 0.0001). Similarly, plasma GDF-15 concentrations were associated with these factors. CONCLUSIONS Traumatic acid might represent a potential plasma biomarker of sarcopenia. However, further studies are needed to validate the results and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaw‐Shiun Tsai
- Department of Family MedicineNational Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - San‐Yuan Wang
- Master Program in Clinical Genomics and Proteomics, College of PharmacyTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chin‐Hao Chang
- Department of Medical ResearchNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chin‐Ying Chen
- Department of Family MedicineNational Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chiung‐Jung Wen
- Department of Family Medicine, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Geriatrics and GerontologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Guan‐Yuan Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ching‐Hua Kuo
- The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Center of Genomic MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of PharmacyNational Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Y. Jane Tseng
- The Metabolomics Core Laboratory, Center of Genomic MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- School of Pharmacy, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Computer Science and Information EngineeringNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and BioinformaticsNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ching‐Yu Chen
- Department of Family MedicineNational Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Çakıcı MÇ, Can B, Kazan Ö, Efiloğlu Ö, Şendoğan F, Uçar T, Turan T, Yıldırım A. Effects of androgen deprivation therapy on metabolic markers and bioelectrical impedance analyze in prostate cancer patients. Rev Int Androl 2022; 20:96-101. [PMID: 35115256 DOI: 10.1016/j.androl.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most widespread malignancy within men. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), which is the central component of advanced PCa treatment, causes side effects. The goal of this study was to examine the metabolic changes and bioelectrical impedance analysis differences in PCa patients who received ADT. MATERIALS AND METHODS After age-related match-pair analysis, a total of 519 patients with PCa and control group who had benign disease were enrolled in the study. Biochemical blood parameters and TANITA measurements were recorded for all patients. Patients were categorized into three groups, ADT group (Group 1, n=124) and non-ADT group (Group 2, n=248), control group (Group 3, n=147). RESULTS The mean age of groups was similar. Body mass index, waist circumference, body fat mass and fat ratio, which were among the TANITA parameters, were higher in group 1 (p<0.05). Total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, non- high density lipoprotein, triglycerids and fasting blood glucose values were also higher in group 1 (p<0.05). Myocardial infarction and metabolic syndrome rates were also higher in this group. CONCLUSIONS While the use of ADT is manifested by an increase in fat mass and fat ratio in body composition, it negatively affects waist circumference measurements. It is associated with metabolically unfit body composition changes that predispose to diabetes mellitus and may increase cardio-vascular disease. For this reason, it is necessary to be careful about metabolic and endocrinological diseases in long-term therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Çağlar Çakıcı
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Turkey.
| | - Bülent Can
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Turkey
| | - Özgür Kazan
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Turkey
| | - Özgür Efiloğlu
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Turkey
| | - Furkan Şendoğan
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Turkey
| | - Taha Uçar
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Turkey
| | - Turgay Turan
- Manisa Turgutlu State Hospital, Department of Urology, Turkey
| | - Asıf Yıldırım
- Istanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Beeri MS, Leugrans SE, Delbono O, Bennett DA, Buchman AS. Sarcopenia is associated with incident Alzheimer's dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and cognitive decline. J Am Geriatr Soc 2021; 69:1826-1835. [PMID: 33954985 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.17206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined whether sarcopenia is associated with the occurrence of late-life cognitive impairment. METHODS Nondemented older adults (N = 1175) underwent annual testing with 17 cognitive tests summarized as a global cognitive score. A composite sarcopenia score was constructed based on muscle mass measured with bioelectrical impedance and muscle function based on grip strength. Cox proportional hazard models were employed to examine associations of sarcopenia with incident Alzheimer's dementia (AD) and incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Linear mixed-effect models determined the association of sarcopenia with cognitive decline. All models controlled for age, sex, education, race, and height squared. RESULTS Average follow-up was 5.6 years. More severe sarcopenia at baseline was associated with a higher risk of incident AD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.50 [95% confidence interval 1.20-1.86]; p < 0.001) and of MCI (1.21 [1.01-1.45]; 0.04) and a faster rate of cognitive decline (estimate = -0.013; p = 0.01). Analyses of the individual components of sarcopenia showed that muscle function was associated with incident AD, incident MCI, and cognitive decline with and without a term for lean muscle mass in the model. In contrast, lean muscle mass was not associated with incident cognitive impairment or cognitive decline when a term for muscle function was included in the model. CONCLUSIONS Poor muscle function, but not reduced lean muscle mass, drives the association of sarcopenia with late-life cognitive impairment. Further work is needed to identify features of muscle structure, which may increase the specificity of sarcopenia for identifying older adults at risk for late-life cognitive impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michal S Beeri
- Department of Psychiatry, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Sheba Medical Center, The Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Sue E Leugrans
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Osvaldo Delbono
- Section of Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Aron S Buchman
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Detraining Effects on Muscle Quality in Older Men with Osteosarcopenia. Follow-Up of the Randomized Controlled Franconian Osteopenia and Sarcopenia Trial (FrOST). Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051528. [PMID: 34062828 PMCID: PMC8147362 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effect of detraining on muscle quality (MQ) in older men with osteosarcopenia. Forty-three community-dwelling older men (78 ± 4 years) were randomly allocated to a consistently supervised high-intensity resistance exercise training (HIRT) group (n = 21) or a control group (CG, n = 22). The HIRT scheduled a periodized single set protocol twice weekly. After the intervention, the men were subjected to six months of detraining. Muscle quality (MQ), defined as maximum isokinetic hip/leg extensor strength per unit of mid-thigh intra-fascia volume, was determined by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or per unit of thigh muscle mass assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Intention-to-treat analysis with multiple imputations was applied. We observed significant exercise effects for MQ (p = 0.001). During detraining, the HIRT group lost about one-third of the intervention-induced gain and displayed significantly (p = 0.001) higher MQ reductions compared to the CG. Nevertheless, after training and detraining, the overall intervention effect on MQ remained significant (p ≤ 0.004). In summary, six months of absence from HIRT induce a significant deleterious effect on MQ in older osteosarcopenic men. We conclude that intermitted training programs with training breaks of six months and longer should be replaced by largely continuous exercise programs, at least when addressing MQ parameters.
Collapse
|
7
|
Chang HK, Lee JY, Gil CR, Kim MK. Prevalence of Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults According to Simplified Algorithms for Sarcopenia Consensus Based on Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:2291-2299. [PMID: 33324043 PMCID: PMC7732054 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s281131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study sought to identify the prevalence of sarcopenia in community-dwelling Korean older adults and validate two simplified diagnostic algorithms based on the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) algorithm for identifying sarcopenia. Patients and Methods Patients (n = 338) aged ≥65 years participated in this cross-sectional study. Muscle strength was measured by hand grip strength, physical performance by gait speed, and muscle mass by the skeletal muscle mass index (SMI). Sarcopenia was assessed using the AWGS-recommended algorithm and two simplified algorithms (A and B). Algorithms A and B were validated with respect to the AWGS-recommended algorithm using the chi-square test, and the sensitivity and specificity were obtained. Results Sarcopenia prevalence, determined using the AWGS-recommended algorithm, was 40.3% and 41.3% in men and women, respectively. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia was 41.0% by the AWGS-recommended algorithm, 37.6% by algorithm A, and 37.6% by algorithm B; 111 participants were diagnosed with sarcopenia using all three methods (p = 0.157). Conclusion We established sarcopenia prevalence among rural community-dwelling adults in Korea and confirmed that the simplified algorithms were suitable for the identification of sarcopenia in rural community-dwelling older adults in Korea. Further studies are needed to assess whether these simplified algorithms are applicable to older Asian adults with functional and/or cognitive impairment and nursing home residents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Kyung Chang
- College of Nursing, Senior Health Research Center of the Health & Science Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Lee
- Nursing Department, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea.,Graduate College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Cho-Rong Gil
- Graduate College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Kim
- Graduate College of Nursing, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea.,Nursing Department, Hamyang Center Clinic, Hamyang, Gyeongnam-do, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Blümel JE, Salinas C, Danckers L, Tserotas K, Ojeda E, Vallejo MS, Arteaga E. Muscle health in Hispanic women. REDLINC VIII. Climacteric 2019; 23:184-191. [PMID: 31588809 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2019.1656186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate muscle strength and related factors in Hispanic women.Methods: We studied 593 women between 40 and 89 years old. The women were asked about personal and clinical information. The following instruments were applied: dynamometer (strength), Short Physical Performance Battery (physical performance), SARC-F (sarcopenia), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (physical activity), Menopause Rating Scale (quality of life), 36-item Short Form (general health), and Frailty (Fried's criteria).Results: Low muscle strength rises from 7.1% of women in their 40s to 79.4% in their 80s. Physical performance is low in 0.5% of the first group and rises to 60.5% in the second. The risk of sarcopenia increases significantly from 6.7% in younger women to 58.1% in older women. Frailty, which affects less than 1% of women under age 60 years, increases to 39.5% in their 80s. Sedentary lifestyle rises from 26% to 68.3%. Fragility impairs the quality of life and the perception of health (p < 0.0001). The deterioration of different tests of muscle function is significantly associated with age >70 years (OR 5-20) and with osteoarthritis (OR 4-9). Menopause before the age of 45 years increases the risk of sarcopenia (odds ratio 2.2; 95% confidence interval 1.2-4.0).Conclusion: With aging there is a decrease in muscle strength and an increase in frailty. This entails a decrease in the quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J E Blümel
- Departamento de Medicina Interna Sur, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Salinas
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Ángeles Puebla, Puebla, México
| | - L Danckers
- Obstetricia y Ginecología, Clínica Centenario, Lima, Perú
| | - K Tserotas
- Departamento de Ginecologia y Obstetricia, Complejo Hospitalario Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid, Caja del Seguro Social de Panamá, Panamá City, Panamá
| | - E Ojeda
- Departamento de Obstetricia and Ginecología, Universidad Andina del Cusco, Cusco, Peru
| | - M S Vallejo
- Obstetricia y Ginecología. Clínica Quilín, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Arteaga
- Departamento de Endocrinología and CETREN, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Reiss J, Iglseder B, Alzner R, Mayr-Pirker B, Pirich C, Kässmann H, Kreutzer M, Dovjak P, Reiter R. Consequences of applying the new EWGSOP2 guideline instead of the former EWGSOP guideline for sarcopenia case finding in older patients. Age Ageing 2019; 48:719-724. [PMID: 31112221 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afz035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION we examined the consequences of applying the new EWGSOP2 algorithm for sarcopenia screening instead of the former EWGSOP algorithm (EWGSOP1) in geriatric inpatients. METHODS the dataset of our formerly published Sarcopenia in Geriatric Elderly (SAGE) study includes 144 geriatric inpatients (86 women, 58 men, mean age 80.7±5.6 years) with measurements of gait speed, handgrip strength and appendicular muscle mass by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We analysed the agreement between EWGSOP and EWGSOP2 algorithms in identifying patients as sarcopenic/non-sarcopenic. Differences in the distribution sarcopenic vs. non-sarcopenic were assessed by Chi²-test. RESULTS sarcopenia prevalence according to EWGSOP1 (41 (27.7%)) was significantly higher than with EWGSOP2 (26(18.1%), p<0.05). The sex-specific sarcopenia prevalence was 22.1% (EWGSOP1) and 17.4% (EWGSOP2), respectively, for women (difference not significant) and 37.9% vs. 19.4% for men (p<0.05%). The overall agreement in classifying subjects as sarcopenic/non-sarcopenic was 81.25% (81.4% for women, 81.0% for men). However, among the 41 sarcopenia cases identified by EWGSOP1, only 20 (48.8%) were diagnosed with sarcopenia by EWGSOP2 (9/19 w (47.4%), 11/22 m (50.0%)). Ten of 19 women (52.6%) and 11 of 22 men (50.0%) diagnosed with sarcopenia by EWGSOP1 were missed by EWGSOP2, while 6 of 15 women (40.0%) and 0 of 11 men (0.0%) were newly diagnosed. DISCUSSION there is a substantial mismatch in sarcopenia case finding according to EWGSOP1 and EWGSOP2. The overall prevalence and the number of men diagnosed with sarcopenia are significantly lower in EWGSOP2. While the absolute number of women identified as sarcopenic remains relatively constant, the overlap of individual cases between the two definitions is low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Reiss
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Ignaz-Harrer-Straße 79, Salzburg, Austria
| | - B Iglseder
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Ignaz-Harrer-Straße 79, Salzburg, Austria
| | - R Alzner
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Ignaz-Harrer-Straße 79, Salzburg, Austria
| | - B Mayr-Pirker
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Ignaz-Harrer-Straße 79, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C Pirich
- Department of Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, Landeskrankenhaus, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, Salzburg, Austria
| | - H Kässmann
- Department of Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, Landeskrankenhaus, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Müllner Hauptstraße 48, Salzburg, Austria
| | - M Kreutzer
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Ignaz-Harrer-Straße 79, Salzburg, Austria
| | - P Dovjak
- Salzkammergut-Klinikum Gmunden, Miller-von-Aichholz-Straße 49, Gmunden, Austria
| | - R Reiter
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Christian-Doppler-Klinik, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Ignaz-Harrer-Straße 79, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Provisional cut-off points for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in elderly people from Caldas (Colombia). BIOMEDICA 2018; 38:521-526. [PMID: 30653866 DOI: 10.7705/biomedica.v38i4.4302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Sarcopenia is defined as a decrease in muscle mass associated with the reduction of performance and physical function. It is an indicator of adverse outcomes in elderly people. Its diagnosis requires body composition data of healthy young population to establish reference values of low muscle mass.
Objective: To establish a provisional cut-off point for sarcopenia in the elderly population from Caldas based on the skeletal muscle composition data of young people using electric bioimpedance.
Materials and methods: Body composition data from healthy young people (18 to 35 years old) were used to calculate the skeletal muscle mass index. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to evaluate the normality of the data and then the average and standard deviation of muscle mass index were established for both men and women.
Results: Based on these data, we established as low muscle mass a skeletal muscle mass index of two standard deviations below the mean of the muscular mass index in young people. The cut-off points were 6.42 kg/m2 and 8.39 kg/m2 for women and men, respectively.
Conclusion: This is the first study that offers a description of skeletal muscle body composition in young Colombians and provides cut-off points for the diagnosis of sarcopenia in the elderly population from the Central-Andean region. The data gathered are similar to those proposed by some Asian authors, which shows that the population of this Colombian region has body composition characteristics similar to those from Asia.
Collapse
|
11
|
Heppner HJ, Lente AK. [Geriatrics on the move - what happened during the last 10 years?]. MMW Fortschr Med 2018; 160:86-90. [PMID: 30421188 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-018-1131-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hans Jürgen Heppner
- Lehrstuhl für Geriatrie, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Dr.-Moeller-Straße 15, D-58332, Schwelm, Deutschland.
- Institut für Biomedizin des Alterns, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Klinik für Geriatrie, Helios Klinikum Schwelm, Schwelm, Deutschland.
| | - Alina Katharina Lente
- Lehrstuhl für Geriatrie, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Dr.-Moeller-Straße 15, D-58332, Schwelm, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Seo DY, Lee SR, Heo JW, No MH, Rhee BD, Ko KS, Kwak HB, Han J. Ursolic acid in health and disease. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 22:235-248. [PMID: 29719446 PMCID: PMC5928337 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.3.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ursolic acid (UA) is a natural triterpene compound found in various fruits and vegetables. There is a growing interest in UA because of its beneficial effects, which include anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-carcinogenic effects. It exerts these effects in various tissues and organs: by suppressing nuclear factor-kappa B signaling in cancer cells, improving insulin signaling in adipose tissues, reducing the expression of markers of cardiac damage in the heart, decreasing inflammation and increasing the level of anti-oxidants in the brain, reducing apoptotic signaling and the level of oxidants in the liver, and reducing atrophy and increasing the expression levels of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and irisin in skeletal muscles. Moreover, UA can be used as an alternative medicine for the treatment and prevention of cancer, obesity/diabetes, cardiovascular disease, brain disease, liver disease, and muscle wasting (sarcopenia). In this review, we have summarized recent data on the beneficial effects and possible uses of UA in health and disease managements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dae Yun Seo
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Sung Ryul Lee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea.,Department of Convergence Biomedical Science, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Jun-Won Heo
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Mi-Hyun No
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Rhee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| | - Hyo-Bum Kwak
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, BK21 Plus Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea.,Department of Health Science and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bielecka-Dabrowa A, Fabis J, Mikhailidis DP, von Haehling S, Sahebkar A, Rysz J, Banach M. Prosarcopenic Effects of Statins May Limit Their Effectiveness in Patients with Heart Failure. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2018; 39:331-353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
14
|
Messina C, Maffi G, Vitale JA, Ulivieri FM, Guglielmi G, Sconfienza LM. Diagnostic imaging of osteoporosis and sarcopenia: a narrative review. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2018. [PMID: 29541625 DOI: 10.21037/qims.2018.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and sarcopenia represent two major health problems with an increasing prevalence in the elderly population. The correlation between these diseases has been widely reported, leading to the development of the term "osteosarcopenia" to diagnose those patients suffering from both diseases. Several imaging methods for the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis exist, with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) being the most commonly used for measuring bone mineral density (BMD). Imaging technique other than DXA is represented by conventional radiography, computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US). Similarly, the imaging technologies used to detect loss of skeletal muscle mass in sarcopenia include DXA, CT, US and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These methods differ in terms of reliability, radiation exposure and costs. CT and MRI represent the gold standard for evaluating body composition (BC), but are costly and time-consuming. DXA remains the most often used technology for studying BC, being quick, widely available and with low radiation exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Messina
- Unità Operativa di Radiologia Diagnostica ed Interventistica, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Maffi
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Radiodiagnostica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Massimo Ulivieri
- Bone Metabolic Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca'Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Medicina Nucleare, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luca Maria Sconfienza
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Radiodiagnostica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Silva R, Pizato N, da Mata F, Figueiredo A, Ito M, Pereira MG. Mediterranean Diet and Musculoskeletal-Functional Outcomes in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Nutr Health Aging 2018; 22:655-663. [PMID: 29806854 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-017-0993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Population aging is increasing and this process together with its characteristics influence the prevalence and incidence of chronic conditions and musculoskeletal-functional outcomes such as frailty, functional disability and sarcopenia. Nutritional strategies focused on dietary patterns, such as a Mediterranean diet, can be protective from these outcomes. PURPOSE To investigate the association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and frailty, functional disability and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older people. METHODS We systematically reviewed electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, and others) and grey literature for articles investigating the relationship between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and frailty, functional disability and sarcopenia in community-dwelling people aged 60 and over. Study selection, quality of study assessment and data extraction were conducted independently by two authors. Random effects meta-analyses were performed, and pooled Odds Ratios (OR) were obtained. RESULTS After the literature search, screening and eligibility investigation, we included 12studies, with a total of 20,518 subjects. A higher adherence to a Mediterranean diet was found to be inversely associated with frailty (OR 0.42, 95% CI: 0.28-0.65, I2=24.9%, p=0.262) and functional disability (OR 0.75, 95% CI: 0.61-0.93, I2=0.0%, p=0.78). Highly different study characteristics prevented us from performing a meta-analysis for sarcopenia. Cohort data indicated no association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet and sarcopenia; however, cross-sectional results showed a positive relationship. CONCLUSION A Mediterranean diet is protective of frailty and functional disability, but not of sarcopenia. More longitudinal studies are needed to understand the relationship between a Mediterranean diet and sarcopenia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Silva
- Roberta Silva, Universidade de Brasilia, Brazil, ;
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mangano KM, Sahni S, Kiel DP, Tucker KL, Dufour AB, Hannan MT. Reply to G Bahat and MA Karan. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106:703. [PMID: 28765390 PMCID: PMC5525127 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.117.160150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey M Mangano
- From the Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA (KLT; KMM, e-mail: ); and the Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SS, DPK, ABD, and MTH)
| | - Shivani Sahni
- From the Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA (KLT; KMM, e-mail: ); and the Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SS, DPK, ABD, and MTH)
| | - Douglas P Kiel
- From the Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA (KLT; KMM, e-mail: ); and the Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SS, DPK, ABD, and MTH)
| | - Katherine L Tucker
- From the Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA (KLT; KMM, e-mail: ); and the Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SS, DPK, ABD, and MTH)
| | - Alyssa B Dufour
- From the Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA (KLT; KMM, e-mail: ); and the Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SS, DPK, ABD, and MTH)
| | - Marian T Hannan
- From the Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA (KLT; KMM, e-mail: ); and the Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (SS, DPK, ABD, and MTH)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sieber CC. Frailty – From concept to clinical practice. Exp Gerontol 2017; 87:160-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
18
|
Meyerhardt JA, Kroenke CH, Prado CM, Kwan ML, Castillo A, Weltzien E, Cespedes Feliciano EM, Xiao J, Caan BJ. Association of Weight Change after Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis and Outcomes in the Kaiser Permanente Northern California Population. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2016; 26:30-37. [PMID: 27986654 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-16-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with incident colorectal cancer but not consistently with colorectal cancer survival. Whether weight gain or loss is associated with colorectal cancer survival is largely unknown. METHODS We identified 2,781 patients from Kaiser Permanente Northern California diagnosed with stages I-III colorectal cancer between 2006 and 2011 with weight and height measurements within 3 months of diagnosis and approximately 18 months after diagnosis. We evaluated associations between weight change and colorectal cancer-specific and overall mortality, adjusted for sociodemographics, disease severity, and treatment. RESULTS After completion of treatment and recovery from stage I-III colorectal cancer, loss of at least 10% of baseline weight was associated with significantly worse colorectal cancer-specific mortality (HR 3.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.33-4.39; Ptrend < 0.0001) and overall mortality (HR 3.27; 95% CI, 2.56-4.18; Ptrend < 0.0001). For every 5% loss of baseline weight, there was a 41% increased risk of colorectal cancer-specific mortality (95% CI, 29%-56%). Weight gain was not significantly associated with colorectal cancer-specific mortality (Ptrend = 0.54) or overall mortality (Ptrend = 0.27). The associations were largely unchanged after restricting analyses to exclude patients who died within 6 months and 12 months of the second weight measurement. No significant interactions were demonstrated for weight loss or gain by gender, stage, primary tumor location, or baseline BMI. CONCLUSIONS Weight loss after diagnosis was associated with worse colorectal cancer-specific mortality and overall mortality. Reverse causation does not appear to explain our findings. IMPACT Understanding mechanistic underpinnings for the association of weight to worse mortality is important to improving patient outcomes. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(1); 30-37. ©2016 AACR SEE ALL THE ARTICLES IN THIS CEBP FOCUS SECTION, "THE OBESITY PARADOX IN CANCER EVIDENCE AND NEW DIRECTIONS".
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Candyce H Kroenke
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marilyn L Kwan
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California
| | - Adrienne Castillo
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California
| | - Erin Weltzien
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California
| | | | - Jingjie Xiao
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bette J Caan
- Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guo B, Wu Q, Gong J, Xiao Z, Tang Y, Shang J, Cheng Y, Xu H. Relationships between the lean mass index and bone mass and reference values of muscular status in healthy Chinese children and adolescents. J Bone Miner Metab 2016; 34:703-713. [PMID: 26586459 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-015-0725-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the relationships between the lean mass index (LMI) and bone outcomes in Chinese children and adolescents using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and to establish sex-specific reference percentile curves for the assessment of muscle status. A total of 1541 Chinese children and adolescents between the ages of 5 and 19 years were recruited from southern China. Body composition was measured by DXA (Lunar Prodigy) to acquire total body and total body less head (TBLH) measures. LMI was calculated as the LM (kg) divided by the height in meters squared. Strong sex gaps were observed after age 14 in total body LMI and appendicular LMI (p < 0.001). LM and LMI values continued to increase for boys up to age 14 compared to girls who plateaued after age 12. For each sex group, total body bone mineral content (BMC) and TBLH BMC were highly correlated with total body LMI and appendicular LMI (r = 0.856-0.916 in boys, and r = 0.651-0.804 in girls, p < 0.001). The appendicular LMI was more strongly associated with total body BMC and TBLH BMC than was total body LMI. The correlations between the BMC values and the LM measures were stronger than the fat mass results. We also present sex-specific percentile curves for LM-age and LMI-age relationships, which could be useful for identifying the LM deficits in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613 West Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Qiulian Wu
- Department of Nursing, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jian Gong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613 West Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Zeyu Xiao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613 West Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yongjin Tang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613 West Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jingjie Shang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613 West Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613 West Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Hao Xu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, No. 613 West Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Orsatti FL, Nunes PRP, Souza ADP, Martins FM, de Oliveira AA, Nomelini RS, Michelin MA, Murta EFC. Predicting Functional Capacity From Measures of Muscle Mass in Postmenopausal Women. PM R 2016; 9:596-602. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
21
|
El Maghraoui A, Ebo'o FB, Sadni S, Majjad A, Hamza T, Mounach A. Is there a relation between pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia, cachexia and osteoporosis in patients with ankylosing spondylitis? BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2016; 17:268. [PMID: 27401188 PMCID: PMC4940725 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-016-1155-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a well-known complication of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, data about body composition modifications and muscle performance showed conflicting results. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors of pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia and cachexia in patients with AS and analyze its relationship with bone loss and symptomatic and severity parameters of the disease. Methods Sixty-seven consecutive male patients with AS (mean age of 40.9 ± 11.0 years) and 67 healthy controls were studied. Body composition and bone mineral density (BMD) scans were obtained using DXA. The fat-free mass index (FFMI; fat-free mass divided by height squared) and the percent of fat mass (%FM) were calculated. Pre-sarcopenia was defined by low skeletal muscle mass (SMI <7.25 kg/m2), sarcopenia by the combined presence of the two following criteria: SMI <7.25 kg/m2 and a low muscle strength (handgrip strength <30 kg) or a low muscle performance (timed get-up-and-go test >10 s) and cachexia by a BMI <20 kg/m2 plus 3 from the 5 following parameters: anorexia, fatigue, handgrip strength <30 kg, CRP >5 mg/l, SMI <7.25 kg/m2. Results Pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia, cachexia, and osteoporosis prevalences were (50.4, 34.3, 11.9, and 16.0) respectively. Patients had a mean 3 kg significant decrease in FFM and a 1 kg/m2 decrease in appendicular mass vs. healthy controls. Pre-sarcopenia, sarcopenia and cachexia were significantly associated to higher BASDAI levels and low BMD. Conclusion Our study showed that men with AS had a statistically significant reduction in total and appendicular lean mass that is related to higher disease activity and significantly associated to bone loss. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12891-016-1155-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdellah El Maghraoui
- Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, University Mohammed V Souissi, PO Box: 1018, Rabat, Morocco.
| | - François Bertin Ebo'o
- Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, University Mohammed V Souissi, PO Box: 1018, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Siham Sadni
- Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, University Mohammed V Souissi, PO Box: 1018, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abderrahim Majjad
- Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, University Mohammed V Souissi, PO Box: 1018, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Toufik Hamza
- Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, University Mohammed V Souissi, PO Box: 1018, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Aziza Mounach
- Rheumatology Department, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, University Mohammed V Souissi, PO Box: 1018, Rabat, Morocco
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Krishnan VS, White Z, McMahon CD, Hodgetts SI, Fitzgerald M, Shavlakadze T, Harvey AR, Grounds MD. A Neurogenic Perspective of Sarcopenia: Time Course Study of Sciatic Nerves From Aging Mice. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2016; 75:464-78. [DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlw019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
|
23
|
Goisser S, Kemmler W, Porzel S, Volkert D, Sieber CC, Bollheimer LC, Freiberger E. Sarcopenic obesity and complex interventions with nutrition and exercise in community-dwelling older persons--a narrative review. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:1267-82. [PMID: 26346071 PMCID: PMC4531044 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s82454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the many threats to independent life is the age-related loss of muscle mass and muscle function commonly referred to as sarcopenia. Another important health risk in old age leading to functional decline is obesity. Obesity prevalence in older persons is increasing, and like sarcopenia, severe obesity has been consistently associated with several negative health outcomes, disabilities, falls, and mobility limitations. Both sarcopenia and obesity pose a health risk for older persons per se, but in combination, they synergistically increase the risk for negative health outcomes and an earlier onset of disability. This combination of sarcopenia and obesity is commonly referred to as sarcopenic obesity. The present narrative review reports the current knowledge on the effects of complex interventions containing nutrition and exercise interventions in community-dwelling older persons with sarcopenic obesity. To date, several complex interventions with different outcomes have been conducted and have shown promise in counteracting either sarcopenia or obesity, but only a few studies have addressed the complex syndrome of sarcopenic obesity. Strong evidence exists on exercise interventions in sarcopenia, especially on strength training, and for obese older persons, strength exercise in combination with a dietary weight loss intervention demonstrated positive effects on muscle function and body fat. The differences in study protocols and target populations make it impossible at the moment to extract data for a meta-analysis or give state-of-the-art recommendations based on reliable evidence. A conclusion that can be drawn from this narrative review is that more exercise programs containing strength and aerobic exercise in combination with dietary interventions including a supervised weight loss program and/or protein supplements should be conducted in order to investigate possible positive effects on sarcopenic obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Goisser
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging (IBA), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kemmler
- Institute of Medical Physics (IMP), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simone Porzel
- Nutricia GmbH, Danone Medical Nutrition, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dorothee Volkert
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging (IBA), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Cornel Christian Sieber
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging (IBA), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany ; Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, St John of God Hospital (Barmherzige Brüder), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Leo Cornelius Bollheimer
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging (IBA), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany ; Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, St John of God Hospital (Barmherzige Brüder), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ellen Freiberger
- Institute for Biomedicine of Aging (IBA), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pereira RA, Cordeiro AC, Avesani CM, Carrero JJ, Lindholm B, Amparo FC, Amodeo C, Cuppari L, Kamimura MA. Sarcopenia in chronic kidney disease on conservative therapy: prevalence and association with mortality. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2015; 30:1718-25. [PMID: 25999376 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In chronic kidney disease (CKD), multiple metabolic and nutritional abnormalities contribute to the impairment of skeletal muscle mass and function thus predisposing patients to the condition of sarcopenia. Herein, we investigated the prevalence and mortality predictive power of sarcopenia, defined by three different methods, in non-dialysis-dependent (NDD) CKD patients. METHODS We evaluated 287 NDD-CKD patients in stages 3-5 [59.9 ± 10.5 years; 62% men; 49% diabetics; glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 25.0 ± 15.8 mL/min/1.73 m(2)]. Sarcopenia was defined as reduced muscle function assessed by handgrip strength (HGS <30th percentile of a population-based reference adjusted for sex and age) plus diminished muscle mass assessed by three different methods: (i) midarm muscle circumference (MAMC) <90% of reference value (A), (ii) muscle wasting by subjective global assessment (B) and (iii) reduced skeletal muscle mass index (<10.76 kg/m² men; <6.76 kg/m² women) estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (C). Patients were followed for up to 40 months for all-cause mortality, and there was no loss of follow-up. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia was 9.8% (A), 9.4% (B) and 5.9% (C). The kappa agreement between the methods were 0.69 (A versus B), 0.49 (A versus C) and 0.46 (B versus C). During follow-up, 51 patients (18%) died, and the frequency of sarcopenia was significantly higher among non-survivors. In crude Cox analysis, sarcopenia diagnosed by the three methods was associated with a higher hazard for mortality; however, only sarcopenia diagnosed by method C remained as a predictor of mortality after multivariate adjustment. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of sarcopenia in CKD patients on conservative therapy varies according to the method applied. Sarcopenia defined as reduced handgrip strength and low skeletal muscle mass index estimated by BIA was an independent predictor of mortality in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa A Pereira
- Nutrition Program and Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio C Cordeiro
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carla M Avesani
- Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juan J Carrero
- Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bengt Lindholm
- Renal Medicine and Baxter Novum, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fernanda C Amparo
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Celso Amodeo
- Department of Hypertension and Nephrology, Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lilian Cuppari
- Nutrition Program and Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria A Kamimura
- Nutrition Program and Nephrology Division, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Doventas A, Bolayirli I, Incir S, Yavuzer H, Civelek S, Erdincler D, Konukoglu D, Beger T, Seven A. Interrelationships between obesity and bone markers in post-menopausal women with either obesity or osteoporosis. Eur Geriatr Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2014.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
26
|
Canvasser LD, Mazurek AA, Cron DC, Terjimanian MN, Chang ET, Lee CS, Alameddine MB, Claflin J, Davis ED, Schumacher TM, Wang SC, Englesbe MJ. Paraspinous muscle as a predictor of surgical outcome. J Surg Res 2014; 192:76-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 05/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
27
|
Miller AL, Min LC, Diehl KM, Cron DC, Chan CL, Sheetz KH, Terjimanian MN, Sullivan JA, Palazzolo WC, Wang SC, Hall KE, Englesbe MJ. Analytic morphomics corresponds to functional status in older patients. J Surg Res 2014; 192:19-26. [PMID: 25015750 PMCID: PMC4188716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older patients account for nearly half of the United States surgical volume, and age alone is insufficient to predict surgical fitness. Various metrics exist for risk stratification, but little work has been done to describe the association between measures. We aimed to determine whether analytic morphomics, a novel objective risk assessment tool, correlates with functional measures currently recommended in the preoperative evaluation of older patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively identified 184 elective general surgery patients aged >70 y with both a preoperative computed tomography scan and Vulnerable Elderly Surgical Pathways and outcomes Assessment within 90 d of surgery. We used analytic morphomics to calculate trunk muscle size (or total psoas area [TPA]) and univariate logistic regression to assess the relationship between TPA and domains of geriatric function mobility, basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs), and cognitive ability. RESULTS Greater TPA was inversely correlated with impaired mobility (odds ratio [OR] = 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.25-0.85, P = 0.013). Greater TPA was associated with decreased odds of deficit in any basic ADLs (OR = 0.36 per standard deviation unit increase in TPA, 95% CI 0.15-0.87, P <0.03) and any instrumental ADLs (OR = 0.53, 95% CI 0.34-0.81; P <0.005). Finally, patients with larger TPA were less likely to have cognitive difficulty assessed by Mini-Cog scale (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.35-0.86, P <0.01). Controlling for age did not change results. CONCLUSIONS Older surgical candidates with greater trunk muscle size, or greater TPA, are less likely to have physical impairment, cognitive difficulty, or decreased ability to perform daily self-care. Further research linking these assessments to clinical outcomes is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Miller
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Lillian C Min
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System and the Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center (GRECC), Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kathleen M Diehl
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - David C Cron
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Chiao-Li Chan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Kyle H Sheetz
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - June A Sullivan
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Stewart C Wang
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Karen E Hall
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric and Palliative Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System and the Geriatric Research Education Clinical Center (GRECC), Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li Y, Zheng LS, Li Y, Zhao DD, Meng L. Independent association between serum C-peptide levels and fat mass-to-lean mass ratio in the aging process. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2014; 15:918-26. [DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Social Medicine; School of Public Health; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Lian Shun Zheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Duo Duo Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Lu Meng
- Department of Social Medicine; School of Public Health; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Concurrent and convergent validity of the mobility- and multidimensional-hierarchical disability categorization models with physical performance in community older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2014; 58:257-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
30
|
Petak S, Barbu CG, Yu EW, Fielding R, Mulligan K, Sabowitz B, Wu CH, Shepherd JA. The Official Positions of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry: body composition analysis reporting. J Clin Densitom 2013; 16:508-19. [PMID: 24183640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2013.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of body composition increasingly are used in the evaluation of clinical disorders, but there has been little guidance on how to effectively report these measures. Uniformity in reporting of body composition measures will aid in the diagnosis of clinical disorders such as obesity, sarcopenia, and lipodystrophy. At the 2013 International Society for Clinical Densitometry Position Development Conference on body composition, the reporting section recommended that all DXA body composition reports should contain parameters of body mass index, bone mineral density, BMC, total mass, total lean mass, total fat mass, and percent fat mass. The inclusion of additional measures of adiposity and lean mass are optional, including visceral adipose tissue, appendicular lean mass index, android/gynoid percent fat ratio, trunk to leg fat mass ratio, lean mass index, and fat mass index. Within the United States, we recommend the use of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 body composition dataset as an age-, gender-, and race-specific reference and to calibrate BMC in 4-compartment models. Z-scores and percentiles of body composition measures may be useful for clinical interpretation if methods are used to adjust for non-normality. In particular, DXA body composition measures may be useful for risk-stratification of obese and sarcopenic patients, but there needs to be validation of thresholds to define obesity and sarcopenia. To summarize, these guidelines provide evidence-based standards for the reporting and clinical application of DXA-based measures of body composition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Petak
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Muscaritoli M, Lucia S, Molfino A, Cederholm T, Rossi Fanelli F. Muscle atrophy in aging and chronic diseases: is it sarcopenia or cachexia? Intern Emerg Med 2013; 8:553-60. [PMID: 22773188 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-012-0807-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cachexia and sarcopenia present several analogies in both the pathogenic mechanisms and the clinical picture. The loss of muscle mass and strength is a hallmark of these two clinical conditions. Although frequently overlapping and often indistinguishable, especially in old individuals, these two conditions should be considered distinct clinical entities. A prompt and accurate patient evaluation, guiding the physician through a proper differential diagnostic procedure and providing the best therapeutic options, is recommended. Given the several commonalities between cachexia and sarcopenia, it is likely that the therapeutic approaches may prove effective in both conditions. This review focuses on the most recent available literature and aims at providing physicians with the correct tools that are available to aid in diagnosing these two different entities that often clinically overlap. Currently available or proposed therapeutic strategies for pre-cachexia, cachexia and sarcopenia are also briefly described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Muscaritoli
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza, University of Rome, Viale dell'Università, 37, 00185, Rome, Italy,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Temporal development of muscle atrophy in murine model of arthritis is related to disease severity. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2013; 4:231-8. [PMID: 23389765 PMCID: PMC3774915 DOI: 10.1007/s13539-013-0102-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, affecting mainly the joint but also other tissues. RA patients usually present weakness and muscle atrophy, nonarticular manifestations of the disease. Although causing great impact, the understanding of muscle atrophy, its development, and the mechanisms involved is still very limited. The objective of this study is to evaluate the development of muscle atrophy in skeletal muscle of a murine model of arthritis. METHODS The experimental murine model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was used. DBA/1J mice were randomly divided into three groups: control (CO, n = 25), sham arthritis (SA, n = 25), and arthritis (CIA, n = 28), analyzed in different time points: 25, 35, and 45 days after the induction of arthritis. The arthritis development was followed by clinical scores and hind paw edema three times a week. The spontaneous exploratory locomotion and weight were evaluated weekly. In all time points, serum was collected before the death of the animals for cytokine analysis, and myofiber cross-sectional areas (CSA) of gastrocnemius (GA) and tibialis anterior (TA) skeletal muscles were evaluated. RESULTS The clinical parameters of arthritis progressively increased in CIA in all experimental times, demonstrating the greatest difference from other groups at 45 days after induction (clinical score: CO, 00 ± 00; SA, 1.00 ± 0.14; CIA, 3.28 ± 0.41 p > 0.05). The CIA animals had lower weights during all the experimentation periods with a difference of 6 % from CO at 45 days (p > 0.05). CIA animals also demonstrated progressive decrease in distance walked, with a reduction of 54 % in 35 and 74 % at 45 days. Cytokine analysis identified significant increase in IL-6 serum levels in CIA than CO and SA in all experimental times. CSA of the myofiber of GA and TA was decreased 26 and 31 % (p > 0.05) in CIA in 45 days after the induction of disease, respectively. There was significant and inverse correlation between the disease clinical score and myofiber CSA in 45 days (GA: r = -0.71; p = 0.021). CONCLUSION Our results point to a progressive development of muscle wasting, with premature onset arthritis. These observations are relevant to understand the development of muscle loss, as well as for the design of future studies trying to understand the mechanisms involved in muscle wasting. As far as we are concerned, this is the first study to evaluate the relation between disease score and muscle atrophy in a model of arthritis.
Collapse
|
33
|
Low appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) with limited mobility and poor health outcomes in middle-aged African Americans. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2013; 4:179-86. [PMID: 23532635 PMCID: PMC3774914 DOI: 10.1007/s13539-013-0106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent efforts to provide a consensus definition propose that sarcopenia be considered a clinical syndrome associated with the loss of both skeletal muscle mass and muscle function that occurs with aging. Validation of sarcopenia definitions that include both low muscle mass and poor muscle function is needed. METHODS In the population-based African American Health (AAH) study (N = 998 at baseline/wave 1), muscle mass and mobility were evaluated in a clinical testing center in a subsample of N = 319 persons (ages 52-68) at wave 4 (2004). Muscle mass was measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and mobility by a 6-min walk test and 4-m gait walk test. Height corrected appendicular skeletal mass (ASM; 9.0 ± 1.5 in n = 124 males, 8.3 ± 2.2 in n = 195 females) was computed as total lean muscle mass in arms and legs (kilograms) divided by the square of height (meters). Cross-sectional and longitudinal (6-year) associations of low ASM (bottom 25 % AAH sample; <7.96 males and <7.06 females) and low ASM with limited mobility (4-m gait walk ≤1 m/s or 6-min walk <400 m) were examined for basic activities of daily living (ADL) difficulties, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) difficulties, frailty, falls, and mortality (longitudinal only). RESULTS Low ASM with limited mobility was associated with IADL difficulties (p = .008) and frailty (p = .040) but not with ADL difficulties or falls in cross-sectional analyses; and with ADL difficulties (p = .022), IADL difficulties (p = .006), frailty (p = .039), and mortality (p = .003) but not with falls in longitudinal analyses adjusted for age and gender. Low ASM alone was marginally associated with mortality (p = .085) but not with other outcomes in cross-sectional or longitudinal analyses. CONCLUSION Low ASM with limited mobility is associated with poor health outcomes among late middle-aged African Americans.
Collapse
|
34
|
Bauer J, Biolo G, Cederholm T, Cesari M, Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Morley JE, Phillips S, Sieber C, Stehle P, Teta D, Visvanathan R, Volpi E, Boirie Y. Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013; 14:542-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1068] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
35
|
Bann D, Wills A, Cooper R, Hardy R, Aihie Sayer A, Adams J, Kuh D. Birth weight and growth from infancy to late adolescence in relation to fat and lean mass in early old age: findings from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development. Int J Obes (Lond) 2013; 38:69-75. [PMID: 23779050 PMCID: PMC3884138 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2013.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Objective: High birth weight and greater weight gain in infancy have been associated with increased risk of obesity as assessed using body mass index, but few studies have examined associations with direct measures of fat and lean mass. This study examined associations of birth weight and weight and height gain in infancy, childhood and adolescence with fat and lean mass in early old age. Subjects: A total of 746 men and 812 women in England, Scotland and Wales from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development whose heights and weights had been prospectively ascertained across childhood and adolescence and who had dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measures at age 60–64 years. Methods: Associations of birth weight and standardised weight and height (0–2 (weight only), 2–4, 4–7, 7–11, 11–15, 15–20 years) gain velocities with outcome measures were examined. Results: Higher birth weight was associated with higher lean mass and lower android/gynoid ratio at age 60–64 years. For example, the mean difference in lean mass per 1 standard deviation increase in birth weight was 1.54 kg in males (95% confidence interval=1.04, 2.03) and 0.78 kg in females (0.41, 1.14). Greater weight gain in infancy was associated with higher lean mass, whereas greater gains in weight in later childhood and adolescence were associated with higher fat and lean mass, and fat/lean and android/gynoid ratios. Across growth intervals greater height gain was associated with higher lean but not fat mass, and with lower fat/lean and android/gynoid ratios. Conclusion: Findings suggest that growth in early life may have lasting effects on fat and lean mass. Greater weight gain before birth and in infancy may be beneficial by leading to higher lean mass, whereas greater weight gain in later childhood and adolescence may be detrimental by leading to higher fat/lean and android/gynoid ratios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bann
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Division of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Wills
- MRC CAiTE, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - R Cooper
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Division of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - R Hardy
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Division of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Aihie Sayer
- Academic Geriatric Medicine, MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - J Adams
- Clinical Radiology and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), Manchester Royal Infirmary, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - D Kuh
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, Division of Population Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Mijnarends DM, Meijers JM, Halfens RJ, ter Borg S, Luiking YC, Verlaan S, Schoberer D, Cruz Jentoft AJ, van Loon LJ, Schols JM. Validity and Reliability of Tools to Measure Muscle Mass, Strength, and Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2013; 14:170-8. [PMID: 23276432 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2012.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 309] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
38
|
Silva AO, Karnikowski MGO, Funghetto SS, Stival MM, Lima RM, de Souza JC, Navalta JW, Prestes J. Association of body composition with sarcopenic obesity in elderly women. Int J Gen Med 2013; 6:25-9. [PMID: 23378781 PMCID: PMC3553651 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s36279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and its association with obesity and sarcopenia in elderly Brazilian women. Two hundred and seventy-two sedentary women with a mean age of 66.75 ± 5.38 years were recruited for participation in this study. Obesity was determined by both body mass index and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) evaluations. Sarcopenic obesity diagnosis was established from the ratio between fat-free mass and body surface area as obtained by DXA. There was no association of obesity with sarcopenic obesity (P = 0.424). In contrast, sarcopenia was significantly related to sarcopenic obesity (P < 0.001), although most of the elderly women with sarcopenia (n = 171) did not exhibit sarcopenic obesity. These results highlight the importance of diagnosing sarcopenic obesity as elderly women exhibiting sarcopenia could be either eutrophic or obese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Oliveira Silva
- Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil ; Center University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Villaseñor A, Ballard-Barbash R, Baumgartner K, Baumgartner R, Bernstein L, McTiernan A, Neuhouser ML. Prevalence and prognostic effect of sarcopenia in breast cancer survivors: the HEAL Study. J Cancer Surviv 2012; 6:398-406. [PMID: 23054848 PMCID: PMC3747827 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-012-0234-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and examine whether sarcopenia was associated with overall and breast-cancer-specific mortality in a cohort of women diagnosed with breast cancer (stages I-IIIA). METHODS A total of 471 breast cancer patients from western Washington State and New Mexico who participated in the prospective Health, Eating, Activity, and Lifestyle Study were included in this study. Appendicular lean mass was measured using dual X-ray absorptiometry scans at study inception, on average, 12 months after diagnosis. Sarcopenia was defined as two standard deviations below the young healthy adult female mean of appendicular lean mass divided by height squared (<5.45 kg/m(2)). Total and breast-cancer-specific mortality data were obtained from Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results registries. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models assessed the associations between sarcopenia and mortality. RESULTS Median follow-up was 9.2 years; 75 women were classified as sarcopenic, and among 92 deaths, 46 were attributed to breast cancer. In multivariable models that included age, race-ethnicity/study site, treatment type, comorbidities, waist circumference, and total body fat percentage, sarcopenia was independently associated with overall mortality (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.86; 95 % CI, 1.67-4.89). Sarcopenic women had increased risk of breast-cancer-specific mortality, although the association was not statistically significant (HR = 1.95, 95 % CI, 0.87-4.35). CONCLUSION Sarcopenia is associated with an increased risk of overall mortality in breast cancer survivors and may be associated with breast-cancer-specific mortality. The development of effective interventions to maintain and/or increase skeletal muscle mass to improve prognosis in breast cancer survivors warrants further study. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Such interventions may help breast cancer patients live longer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Villaseñor
- Cancer Prevention Program, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, M4-B402, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Vincent HK, Raiser SN, Vincent KR. The aging musculoskeletal system and obesity-related considerations with exercise. Ageing Res Rev 2012; 11:361-73. [PMID: 22440321 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2011] [Revised: 01/22/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Advancing age and adiposity contribute to musculoskeletal degenerative diseases and the development of sarcopenic obesity. The etiology of muscle loss is multifactorial, and includes inflammation, oxidative stress and hormonal changes, and is worsened by activity avoidance due to fear of pain. The risk for mobility disability and functional impairment rises with severity of obesity in the older adult. Performance measures of walking distance, walking speed, chair rise, stair climb, body transfers and ability to navigate obstacles on a course are adversely affected in this population, and this reflects decline in daily physical functioning. Exercise training is an ideal intervention to counteract the effects of aging and obesity. The 18 randomized controlled trials of exercise studies with or without diet components reviewed here indicate that 3-18 month programs that included aerobic and strengthening exercise (2-3 days per week) with caloric restriction (typically 750 kcal deficit/day), induced the greatest change in functional performance measures compared with exercise or diet alone. Importantly, resistance exercise attenuates muscle mass loss with the interventions. These interventions can also combat factors that invoke sarcopenia, including inflammation, oxidative stress and insulin resistance. Therefore, regular multimodal exercise coupled with diet appears to be very effective for counteracting sarocpenic obesity and improving mobility and function in the older, obese adult.
Collapse
|
41
|
Smith MR, Saad F, Egerdie B, Sieber PR, Tammela TLJ, Ke C, Leder BZ, Goessl C. Sarcopenia during androgen-deprivation therapy for prostate cancer. J Clin Oncol 2012; 30:3271-6. [PMID: 22649143 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.38.8850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize changes in lean body mass (LBM) in men with prostate cancer receiving androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). PATIENTS AND METHODS We prospectively evaluated LBM in a prespecified substudy of a randomized controlled trial of denosumab to prevent fractures in men receiving ADT for nonmetastatic prostate cancer. LBM was measured by total-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at study baseline and at 12, 24, and 36 months. The analyses included 252 patients (132, denosumab; 120, placebo) with a baseline and at least one on-study LBM assessment. Patients were stratified by age (< 70 v ≥ 70 years) and by ADT duration (≤ 6 v > 6 months). RESULTS Median ADT duration was 20.4 months at study baseline. Mean LBM decreased significantly from baseline, by 1.0% at month 12 (95% CI, 0.4% to 1.5%; P < .001; n = 248), by 2.1% at month 24 (95% CI, 1.5% to 2.7%; P < .001; n = 205), and by 2.4% at month 36 (95% CI, 1.6% to 3.2%; P < .001; n = 168). Men age ≥ 70 years (n = 127) had significantly greater changes in LBM at all measured time points than younger men. At 36 months, LBM decreased by 2.8% in men age ≥ 70 years and by 0.9% in younger men (P = .035). Men with ≤ 6 months of ADT at study entry (n = 36) had a greater rate of decrease in LBM compared with men who had received more than 6 months of ADT at study entry (3.7% v 2.0%; P = .0645). CONCLUSION In men receiving ADT, LBM decreased significantly after 12, 24, and 36 months.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Smith
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Yawkey 7030, 55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|