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Mohammadi S, Bahramnejad B, Abdollahzadeh J, Bashiri S, Vincent AT, Majdi M, Soltani J, Levesque RC. Novel endophytic fungal species Pithoascus kurdistanensis producing morphine compounds. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22747. [PMID: 39349517 PMCID: PMC11442975 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-71344-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Papaver genus, commonly known as popies, is a valuable source of alkaloids used in medicine, including papaverine, morphine, codeine, and thebaine. We isolated six endophytic fungal isolates producing morphinan alkaloids from four Papaver species growing in Kurdistan Province, Iran. To do this, a 1:1 mixture of methanol and chloroform was used to extract fungal cultures. The contents of morphinan alkaloids in the extracts were subsequently determined using phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Among the morphinan alkaloid-producing fungal isolates, IRAN 4653C had the highest yield giving 23.06 (mg/g) morphine and 2.03 (mg/g) codeine when grown in potato dextrose liquid medium. The identity of this isolate was examined and recognized as a new fungal species named as Pithoascus kurdistanesis sp. nov. based on multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of ITS, TEF-1α, and TUB2 sequences data and morphological features. The morphinan-producing endophytic fungus and the isolated Pithoascus species from Papaver are being reported for the first time. Accordingly, this fungus shows promise as a new source of valuable compounds which is illustrated and introduced here as a new Microascaceae member belonging to Pithoascus from Kurdistan Province, Iran. Moreover, the morphinan productivity of P. kurdistanesis was further validated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Mohammadi
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval Québec, Québec, Canada
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Bahman Bahramnejad
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Jafar Abdollahzadeh
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran.
| | - Samaneh Bashiri
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Antony T Vincent
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval Québec, Québec, Canada
- Département des Sciences Animales, Faculté dxes Sciences de l'agriculture et de l'alimentation, Université Laval Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Mohammad Majdi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Jalal Soltani
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Roger C Levesque
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes, Université Laval Québec, Québec, Canada.
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Sharma K, Verma R, Kumar D, Kumar V. Impact of Irpex lenis and Schizophyllum commune endophytic fungi on Perilla frutescens: enhancing nutritional uptake, phytochemicals, and antioxidant potential. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:226. [PMID: 39127680 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02491-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endophytic fungi (EF) reside within plants without causing harm and provide benefits such as enhancing nutrients and producing bioactive compounds, which improve the medicinal properties of host plants. Selecting plants with established medicinal properties for studying EF is important, as it allows a deeper understanding of their influence. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the impact of EF after inoculating the medicinal plant Perilla frutescens, specifically focusing on their role in enhancing medicinal properties. RESULTS In the current study, the impact of two EF i.e., Irpex lenis and Schizophyllum commune isolated from A. bracteosa was observed on plant Perilla frutescens leaves after inoculation. Plants were divided into four groups i.e., group A: the control group, group B: inoculated with I. lenis; group C: inoculated with S. commune and group D: inoculated with both the EF. Inoculation impact of I. lenis showed an increase in the concentration of chlorophyll a (5.32 mg/g), chlorophyll b (4.46 mg/g), total chlorophyll content (9.78 mg/g), protein (68.517 ± 0.77 mg/g), carbohydrates (137.886 ± 13.71 mg/g), and crude fiber (3.333 ± 0.37%). Furthermore, the plants inoculated with I. lenis showed the highest concentrations of P (14605 mg/kg), Mg (4964.320 mg/kg), Ca (27389.400 mg/kg), and Mn (86.883 mg/kg). The results of the phytochemical analysis also indicated an increased content of total flavonoids (2.347 mg/g), phenols (3.086 mg/g), tannins (3.902 mg/g), and alkaloids (1.037 mg/g) in the leaf extract of P. frutescens inoculated with I. lenis. Thus, overall the best results of inoculation were observed in Group B i.e. inoculated with I. lenis. GC-MS analysis of methanol leaf extract showed ten bioactive constituents, including 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)-, methyl ester, and hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester as major constituents found in all the groups of P. frutescens leaves. The phenol (gallic acid) and flavonoids (rutin, kaempferol, and quercetin) were also observed to increase after inoculation by HPTLC analysis. The enhancement in the phytochemical content was co-related with improved anti-oxidant potential which was analyzed by DPPH (% Inhibition: 83.45 µg/ml) and FRAP (2.980 µM Fe (II) equivalent) assay as compared with the control group. CONCLUSION Inoculation with I. lenis significantly enhances the uptake of nutritional constituents, phytochemicals, and antioxidant properties in P. frutescens, suggesting its potential to boost the therapeutic properties of host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Sharma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Rachna Verma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
- Department of Chemsitry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradek Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK430AL, UK.
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Mendieta-Brito S, Sayed M, Son E, Kim DS, Dávila M, Pyo SH. Identification, Characterization, and Antibacterial Evaluation of Five Endophytic Fungi from Psychotria poeppigiana Müll. Arg., an Amazon Plant. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1590. [PMID: 39203432 PMCID: PMC11356722 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi, residing within plants without causing disease, are known for their ability to produce bioactive metabolites with diverse properties such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and antifungal activities, while also influencing plant defense mechanisms. In this study, five novel endophytic fungi species were isolated from the leaves of Psychotria poeppigiana Müll. Arg., a plant from the Rubiaceae family, collected in the tropical Amazon region of Bolivia. The endophytic fungi were identified as a Neopestalotiopsis sp., three Penicillium sp., and an Aspergillus sp. through 18S ribosomal RNA sequencing and NCBI-BLAST analysis. Chemical profiling revealed that their extracts obtained by ethyl acetate contained terpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds. In a bioautography study, the terpenes showed high antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli. Notably, extracts from the three Penicillium species exhibited potent antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 62.5 to 2000 µg/mL against all three pathogens: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis (both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria). These findings highlight the potential of these endophytic fungi, especially Penicillium species as valuable sources of secondary metabolites with significant antibacterial activities, suggesting promising applications in medicine, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and environmental technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Mendieta-Brito
- Centro de Tecnología Agroindustrial, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba 00591, Bolivia
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mahmoud Sayed
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, South Valley University, Qena 83523, Egypt
| | - Eunjung Son
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-Daero, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seon Kim
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-Daero, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Marcelo Dávila
- Centro de Tecnología Agroindustrial, Universidad Mayor de San Simón, Cochabamba 00591, Bolivia
| | - Sang-Hyun Pyo
- Division of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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Shah WH, Khan W, Nisa S, Barfuss MH, Schinnerl J, Bacher M, Valant-Vetschera K, Ali A, Nafidi HA, Jardan YAB, Giesy JP. HPLC, NMR Based Characterization, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Chemical Constituents from Therapeutically Active Fungal Endophytes. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1452-1463. [PMID: 38858094 PMCID: PMC11294646 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2403.03036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Fungi generate different metabolites some of which are intrinsically bioactive and could therefore serve as templates for drug development. In the current study, six endophytic fungi namely Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus tubigenesis, Aspergillus oryzae, Penicillium oxalicum, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus brasiliensis were isolated and identified from the medicinal plant, Silybum marianum. These endophytic fungi were identified through intra transcribed sequence (ITS) gene sequencing. The bioactive potentials of fungal extracts were investigated using several bioassays such as antibacterial activity by well-diffusion, MIC, MBC, anti-biofilm, antioxidant, and haemolysis. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 was used to determine the antibiofilm activity. The ethyl acetate extract of Aspergillus flavus showed strong to moderate efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, P. aeruginosa, and Bacillus spizizenii. Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus brasiliensis exhibited significant antibiofilm activity with IC50 at 4.02 and 3.63 mg/ml, while A. flavus exhibited maximum antioxidant activity of 50.8%. Based on HPLC, LC-MS, and NMR experiments kojic acid (1) and carbamic acid (methylene-4, 1-phenylene) bis-dimethyl ester (2) were identified from A. flavus. Kojic acid exhibited DPPH free radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 99.3 μg/ml and moderate activity against ovarian teratocarcinoma (CH1), colon carcinoma (SW480), and non-small cell lung cancer (A549) cell lines. These findings suggest that endophytic fungi are able to produce promising bioactive compounds which deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Hussain Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Tulln 3430, Austria
| | - Wajiha Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus
| | - Sobia Nisa
- Department of Microbiology, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Michael H.J. Barfuss
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johann Schinnerl
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Bacher
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Tulln 3430, Austria
| | - Karin Valant-Vetschera
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ashraf Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Physical and Applied Sciences, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, P.R. China
| | - Hiba-Allah Nafidi
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Laval University, 2325 Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yousef A. Bin Jardan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - John P. Giesy
- Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 10219, Riyah, 11433, Saudi Arabia
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El-Hady NAAA, ElSayed AI, Wadan KM, El-Saadany SS, El-Sayed ASA. Bioprocessing of camptothecin from Alternaria brassicicola, an endophyte of Catharanthus roseus, with a strong antiproliferative activity and inhibition to Topoisomerases. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:214. [PMID: 39060918 PMCID: PMC11282713 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02471-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Suppression of fungal camptothecin (CPT) biosynthesis with the preservation and successive subculturing is the challenge that impedes fungi from the industrial application, so, screening for a novel fungal isolate with a conceivable stable producing potency of CPT was the main objective of this work. Catharanthus roseus with diverse contents of bioactive metabolites could have a plethora of novel endophytes with unique metabolic properties. Among the endophytes of C. roseus, Alternaria brassicicola EFBL-NV OR131587.1 was the highest CPT producer (96.5 μg/L). The structural identity of the putative CPT was verified by HPLC, FTIR, HNMR and LC-MS/MS, with a molecular mass 349 m/z, and molecular fragmentation patterns that typically identical to the authentic one. The purified A. brassicicola CPT has a strong antiproliferative activity towards UO-31 (0.75 μM) and MCF7 (3.2 μM), with selectivity index 30.8, and 7.1, respectively, in addition to resilient activity to inhibit Topo II (IC50 value 0.26 nM) than Topo 1 (IC50 value 3.2 nM). The purified CPT combat the wound healing of UO-31 cells by ~ 52%, stops their matrix formation, cell migration and metastasis. The purified CPT arrest the cellular division of the UO-31 at the S-phase, and inducing their cellular apoptosis by ~ 20.4 folds, compared to the control cells. Upon bioprocessing with the surface response methodology, the CPT yield by A. brassicicola was improved by ~ 3.3 folds, compared to control. The metabolic potency of synthesis of CPT by A. brassicicola was attenuated with the fungal storage and subculturing, losing ~ 50% of their CPT productivity by the 6th month of storage and 6th generation. Practically, the CPT productivity of the attenuated A. brassicicola was restored by addition of 1% surface sterilized leaves of C. roseus, ensuring the eliciting of cryptic gene cluster of A. brassicicola CPT via the plant microbiome-A. brassicicola interactions. So, for the first time, a novel endophytic isolate A. brassicicola, from C. roseus, was explored to have a relatively stable CPT biosynthetic machinery, with an affordable feasibility to restore their CPT productivity using C. roseus microbiome, in addition to the unique affinity of the extracted CPT to inhibit Topoisomerase I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouran A A Abd El-Hady
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Abdelaleim I ElSayed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Khalid M Wadan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Sayed S El-Saadany
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S A El-Sayed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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Ricci AP, Loosli AWM, Roel AR, Carvalho CME, Almeida TT. Isolation and molecular identification of endophytic fungi associated with Campomanesia adamantium, a Brazilian Cerrado plant. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e281308. [PMID: 39046049 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.281308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This work presents the isolation of endophytic fungi from the leaves of Campomanesia adamantium (Cambess.) O. Berg (Myrtaceae), a native species found in Brazil and popularly known as "guabiroba-do-campo", with abundant distribution in the Brazilian Cerrado. It has been popularly used for its anti-rheumatic, anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, blood cholesterol-reducing, urinary antiseptic, and depurative properties. Theese fungi are microorganisms that live inside higher plants, at least for a period of their life cycle, occupying the intercellular spaces of plant tissues such as leaves and stems. These fungi are harmless to the host plant, and their secondary metabolites promote protection, regulate growth, combat bacteria, viruses, and fungi, and promote resistance to abiotic stress, as well as insecticidal effects. Endophytic fungi associated with the leaves of C. adamantium were isolated using the culture medium isolation technique. After growth, the fungi were divided into groups based on morphotypes. Fungal genomic DNA was extracted, and a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted to amplify the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions of rRNA, and the nucleotide sequences obtained were compared with those available in the GenBank database for molecular identification of the isolates. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using MEGA 11 software. The results showed representatives of the Ascomycota phylum, and it was possible to identify at the genus level 18 fungi of the genera Colletotrichum, Diaporthe, Epicoccum, and Neofusicoccum.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Ricci
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco - UCDB, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - A W M Loosli
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco - UCDB, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - A R Roel
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco - UCDB, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - C M E Carvalho
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco - UCDB, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco - UCDB, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Biotecnologia, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
| | - T T Almeida
- Universidade Católica Dom Bosco - UCDB, Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciências Ambientais e Sustentabilidade Agropecuária, Campo Grande, MS, Brasil
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Tiwari P, Park KI. Advanced Fungal Biotechnologies in Accomplishing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): What Do We Know and What Comes Next? J Fungi (Basel) 2024; 10:506. [PMID: 39057391 PMCID: PMC11278089 DOI: 10.3390/jof10070506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present era has witnessed an unprecedented scenario with extreme climate changes, depleting natural resources and rising global food demands and its widespread societal impact. From providing bio-based resources to fulfilling socio-economic necessities, tackling environmental challenges, and ecosystem restoration, microbes exist as integral members of the ecosystem and influence human lives. Microbes demonstrate remarkable potential to adapt and thrive in climatic variations and extreme niches and promote environmental sustainability. It is important to mention that advances in fungal biotechnologies have opened new avenues and significantly contributed to improving human lives through addressing socio-economic challenges. Microbe-based sustainable innovations would likely contribute to the United Nations sustainable development goals (SDGs) by providing affordable energy (use of agro-industrial waste by microbial conversions), reducing economic burdens/affordable living conditions (new opportunities by the creation of bio-based industries for a sustainable living), tackling climatic changes (use of sustainable alternative fuels for reducing carbon footprints), conserving marine life (production of microbe-based bioplastics for safer marine life) and poverty reduction (microbial products), among other microbe-mediated approaches. The article highlights the emerging trends and future directions into how fungal biotechnologies can provide feasible and sustainable solutions to achieve SDGs and address global issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pragya Tiwari
- Department of Horticulture & Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
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Bhadra F, Vasundhara M. Anti-inflammatory potential of aconitine produced by endophytic fungus Acremonium alternatum. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:274. [PMID: 39030384 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-04083-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Argemone mexicana belonging to family Papaveraceae is a traditional medicinal plant widely utilized by tribal people in India for treating various ailments like skin infections, wounds and inflammation. This plant is very rich in alkaloidal content, which has a great potential in the treatment of anti-inflammatory disorders. Therapeutically promising bioactive molecules are often produced by endophytic fungi associated with medicinal plants. In this investigation, endophytic fungi were isolated from various parts of A. mexicana and screened for alkaloidal content. Among these, one of the fungal isolate, Acremonium alternatum AMEF-5 producing maximum alkaloids showed significant anti-inflammatory activity. Fractionation of this crude fungal extract through column chromatography yielded eight fractions, which were further screened for anti-inflammatory activities. Fraction 3 exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity by the inhibition of lipoxygenase enzyme (IC50 15.2 ± 0.09 µg/ml), scavenging of the nitric oxide radicals (IC50 11.38 ± 0.35 µg/ml), protein denaturation (IC50 14.93 ± 0.4 µg/ml), trypsin inhibition (IC50 12.06 ± 0.64 µg/ml) and HRBC stabilization (IC50 11.9 ± 0.22 µg/ml). The bioactive alkaloid in fraction 3 was identified as aconitine which was confirmed by UV, FTIR, HPLC, HRMS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR analysis. This study demonstrates that endophytic fungi serve a potential source for sustainable production of therapeutically important alkaloids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Bhadra
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - M Vasundhara
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India.
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Varghese S, Jisha M, Rajeshkumar K, Gajbhiye V, Alrefaei AF, Jeewon R. Endophytic fungi: A future prospect for breast cancer therapeutics and drug development. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33995. [PMID: 39091955 PMCID: PMC11292557 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, breast cancer is a primary contributor to cancer-related fatalities and illnesses among women. Consequently, there is a pressing need for safe and effective treatments for breast cancer. Bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi that live in symbiosis with medicinal plants have garnered significant interest in pharmaceutical research due to their extensive chemical composition and prospective medicinal attributes. This review underscores the potentiality of fungal endophytes as a promising resource for the development of innovative anticancer agents specifically tailored for breast cancer therapy. The diversity of endophytic fungi residing in medicinal plants, success stories of key endophytic bioactive metabolites tested against breast cancer and the current progress with regards to in vivo studies and clinical trials on endophytic fungal metabolites in breast cancer research forms the underlying theme of this article. A thorough compilation of putative anticancer compounds sourced from endophytic fungi that have demonstrated therapeutic potential against breast cancer, spanning the period from 1990 to 2022, has been presented. This review article also outlines the latest trends in endophyte-based drug discovery, including the use of artificial intelligence, machine learning, multi-omics approaches, and high-throughput strategies. The challenges and future prospects associated with fungal endophytes as substitutive sources for developing anticancer drugs targeting breast cancer are also being highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherin Varghese
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - M.S. Jisha
- School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, 686560, India
| | - K.C. Rajeshkumar
- National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology (Fungi) Gr., Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agharkar Road, Pune, 411 004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Virendra Gajbhiye
- Nanobioscience Group, Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agharkar Road, Pune, 411 004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rajesh Jeewon
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Mauritius, Reduit, Mauritius
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Wang W, Portal-Gonzalez N, Wang X, Li J, Li H, Portieles R, Borras-Hidalgo O, He W, Santos-Bermudez R. Insights into the microbial assembly and metabolites associated with ginger (Zingiber officinale L. Roscoe) microbial niches and agricultural environments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174395. [PMID: 38992353 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Ginger, a vegetable export from China, is well-known for its spicy flavour and use in traditional Chinese medicine. By examining the interactions of ginger plants' microbiome and metabolome, we can gain insights to advance agriculture, the environment, and other fields. Our study used metataxonomic analysis to investigate ginger plants' prokaryotic and fungal microbiomes in open fields and greenhouses. We also conducted untargeted metabolomic analysis to identify specific metabolites closely associated with ginger microbiome assembly under both agricultural conditions. Various bacteria and fungi were classified as generalists or specialists based on their ability to thrive in different environments and microbial niches. Our results indicate that ginger plants grown in greenhouses have a greater prokaryotic diversity, while those grown in open fields exhibit a greater fungal diversity. We have identified specific co-occurring prokaryotic and fungal genera associated with ginger plant agroecosystems that can enhance the health and growth of ginger plants while maintaining a healthy environment. In the open field these genera include Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium-Methylorubrum, Bacillus, Acidovorax, Rhizobium, Microbacterium, unclassified_f_Comamonadaceae, Herbaspirillum, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Chryseobacterium, Nocardioides, Subgroup_10, Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Devosia, g_unclassified_f_Chaetomiaceae, Pseudaleuria, Mortierella, Cheilymenia, and Pseudogymnoascus. In the greenhouse, the enriched genera were Rhizobium, Stenotrophomonas, Aureimonas, Bacillus, Nocardioides, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Delftia, Trichoderma, Mortierella, Cheilymenia, Schizothecium, and Actinomucor. Our research has identified several previously unknown microbial genera for ginger plant agroecosystems. Furthermore, our study has important implications for understanding the correlation between ginger's microbiome and metabolome profiles in diverse environments and may pave the way for future research. Specific microbial genera in crop production environments are associated with essential metabolites, including Safingol, Docosatrienoic acid, P-acetaminophen, and Hypoglycin B.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Nayanci Portal-Gonzalez
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialin Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Li
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Roxana Portieles
- Joint R&D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yota Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Orlando Borras-Hidalgo
- Joint R&D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yota Bio-Engineering Co., Ltd., 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenxing He
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ramon Santos-Bermudez
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, No. 336, West Road of Nan Xinzhuang, Jinan 250022, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Obiedallah M, Yasien AA, Mohamed SS, Aboul-Nasr MB. Endophytic Aspergillus fumigatiaffinis: Novel paclitaxel production and optimization insights. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:405. [PMID: 38958755 PMCID: PMC11222254 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13230-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of endophytic fungi to produce paclitaxel (Taxol®), a potent anticancer compound widely employed in chemotherapy. This research aimed to identify, confirm, and characterize endophytic fungi capable of paclitaxel (PTX) production and assess their paclitaxel yield. Additionally, it aimed to investigate factors influencing paclitaxel production. A total of 100 endophytic fungal isolates were collected and identified from the roots of Artemisia judaica. Aspergillus fumigatiaffinis exhibited the highest PTX production (26.373 μg L-1) among the isolated endophytic fungi. The strain was identified as A. fumigatiaffinis (Accession No. PP235788.1). Molecular identification confirmed its novelty, representing the first report of PTX production by A. fumigatiaffinis, an endophyte of Artemisia judaica. Optimization through full factorial design of experiments (DOE) and response surface methodology (RSM) significantly enhanced PTX production to 110.23 μg L-1 from 1 g of dry weight of the fungal culture under optimal conditions of pH 8.0, 150 μg L-1 becozyme supplementation, and 18 days of fermentation in potato dextrose broth. The presence of paclitaxel was confirmed using thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These findings maximize the role of endophytic fungus to produce a secondary metabolite that might be able to replace the chemically produced PTX and gives an opportunity to provide a sustainable source of PTX eco-friendly at high concentrations. KEY POINTS: • Endophytic fungi, like A. fumigatiaffinis, show promise for eco-friendly paclitaxel production • Optimization strategies boost paclitaxel yield significantly, reaching 110.23 μg L -1 • Molecular identification confirms novelty, offering a sustainable PTX source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Obiedallah
- Microbiology Lab., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt.
| | - Alaa A Yasien
- Microbiology Lab., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Sabah S Mohamed
- Microbiology Lab., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - M Bassam Aboul-Nasr
- Microbiology Lab., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
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12
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Zhu L, Zhang SQ, Wang YN, Wang JX, Wang CY, Cai L, Wen ZF, Deng L, Cai L. Xylarkarynone A and B: Two Bioactive Eremophilane Sesquiterpenes from Xylaria sp. HHY-2. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400900. [PMID: 38713316 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
A new compound xylarkarynone A (1), a first reported natural product compound xylarkarynone B (2) and eight known compounds (3-10) were isolated from Xylaria sp. HHY-2. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, DP4+ probability analyses and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. The bioactivities of isolated compounds were assayed. Compound 1 exhibited obvious activity against A549 cells with an IC50 value of 6.12±0.28 μM. Additionally, compound 1 showed moderate antifungal activities against Plectosphaerella cucumerina and Aspergillus niger with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of both 16 μg/mL, which was at the same grade with positive control nystatin. Most compounds exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory activity against P. cucumerina, indicating that Xylaria sp. has potential as inhibitors against P. cucumerina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Key laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Qi Zhang
- Key laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Nong Wang
- Key laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Xin Wang
- Key laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Yao Wang
- Key laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Cai
- Key laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Fei Wen
- Key laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan College of Modern Biomedical Industry, Kunming, 650500, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Cai
- Key laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, People's Republic of China
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13
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Liu Y, Chen KL, Zhao JY, Yang CY, Jia XB, Niu YW, Tian YN, Yang Y, Liu YB. A derivative of trihydroxynaphthalenone and a pyrone metabolite from the endophytic fungus Talaromyces purpurpgenus. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2024; 26:555-561. [PMID: 38563409 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2024.2333359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
A newly discovered trihydroxynaphthalenone derivative, epoxynaphthalenone (1) involving the condensation of ortho-hydroxyl groups into an epoxy structure, and a novel pyrone metabolite characterized as pyroneaceacid (2), were extracted from Talaromyces purpurpgenus, an endophytic fungus residing in Rhododendron molle. The structures of these compounds were elucidated through a comprehensive analysis of their NMR and HRESIMS data. The determination of absolute configurations was accomplished using electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations and CD spectra. Notably, these recently identified metabolites exhibited a moderate inhibitory activity against xanthine oxidase (XOD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ke-Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jing-Yi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chen-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xing-Bao Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yu-Wei Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ya-Nan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yun-Bao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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14
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Maheshwari A, Mmbaga MT. Endophytic Fungi Residing within Cornus florida L. in Mid-Tennessee: Phylogenetic Diversity, Enzymatic Properties, and Potential Role in Plant Health. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1250. [PMID: 38732465 PMCID: PMC11085766 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi that reside internally in healthy, asymptomatic plants often benefit their hosts by promoting plant growth and/or providing plant protection against abiotic and biotic stresses. However, only a small fraction of the estimated 1.5 million fungal endophytes have been identified. In this study, a total of 369 isolates of fungal endophytes in 59 distinct taxa were isolated from stem samples of Cornus florida (flowering dogwood). All isolates belonged to species of phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota distributed across five orders and 11 genera. Isolates belonging to the same family clustered together in a phylogenetic tree generated from a cluster analysis using MEGA 7 software. Diversity indices of the fungi revealed a rich and diverse community that included several species associated with leaf spots, blight, cankers, and/or dieback diseases. Pathogenicity tests confirmed 16 fungal endophytes as C. florida pathogens, including some well-known destructive pathogens Botryosphaera dothidea, Colletotrichum acutatum, and C. gleosporoides. Isolates of the fungal endophytes possess the capacity to produce extracellular hydrolytic enzymes (cellulase, amylase, pectinase, laccase, chitinase, and protease) that are known to function in tissue penetration, plant colonization, nutrient acquisition, and disease suppression in both plant pathogens and endophytes These results support the interchangeable pathogenic-endophytic roles for some taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Maheshwari
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
- Pharmacia, Nashville, TN 37209, USA
| | - Margaret T. Mmbaga
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
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15
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Kaur G, Kaur R, Sodhi GK, George N, Rath SK, Walia HK, Dwibedi V, Saxena S. Stilbenes: a journey from folklore to pharmaceutical innovation. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:229. [PMID: 38647675 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03939-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
In modern times, medicine is predominantly based on evidence-based practices, whereas in ancient times, indigenous people relied on plant-based medicines with factual evidence documented in ancient books or folklore that demonstrated their effectiveness against specific infections. Plants and microbes account for 70% of drugs approved by the USFDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration). Stilbenes, polyphenolic compounds synthesized by plants under stress conditions, have garnered significant attention for their therapeutic potential, bridging ancient wisdom with modern healthcare. Resveratrol, the most studied stilbene, initially discovered in grapes, red wine, peanuts, and blueberries, exhibits diverse pharmacological properties, including cardiovascular protection, antioxidant effects, anticancer activity, and neuroprotection. Traditional remedies, documented in ancient texts like the Ayurvedic Charak Samhita, foreshadowed the medicinal properties of stilbenes long before their modern scientific validation. Today, stilbenes are integral to the booming wellness and health supplement market, with resveratrol alone projected to reach a market value of 90 million US$ by 2025. However, challenges in stilbene production persist due to limited natural sources and costly extraction methods. Bioprospecting efforts reveal promising candidates for stilbene production, particularly endophytic fungi, which demonstrate high-yield capabilities and genetic modifiability. However, the identification of optimal strains and fermentation processes remains a critical consideration. The current review emphasizes the knowledge of the medicinal properties of Stilbenes (i.e., cardiovascular, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, etc.) isolated from plant and microbial sources, while also discussing strategies for their commercial production and future research directions. This also includes examples of novel stilbenes compounds reported from plant and endophytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursharan Kaur
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Rajinder Kaur
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Idaho Moscow, Idaho, ID, 83844, USA
| | - Gurleen Kaur Sodhi
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Nancy George
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Rath
- School of Pharmaceuticals and Population Health Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248009, India
| | - Harleen Kaur Walia
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
| | - Vagish Dwibedi
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India.
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, 7505101, Rishon LeZion, Israel.
| | - Sanjai Saxena
- Department of Biotechnology, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Patiala, Patiala, Punjab, 147004, India
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16
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Peng WW, Kuang M, Huang YT, Li MF, Zheng YT, Xu L, Tan JB, Kang FH, Tan HB, Zou ZX. Pseudocercones A-C, three new polyketide derivatives from the endophytic fungus Pseudocercospora sp. TSS-1. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1248-1255. [PMID: 36308293 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2138874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of an EtOAc extract of the endophytic fungus Pseudocercospora sp. TSS-1 led to the isolation of three new polyketide derivatives, including one benzophenon derivative (1), two spirocyclic polyketides (4 and 5), along with four known compounds (2, 3, 6 and 7). Their structures and the absolute configurations were characterized by means of NMR, HRESIMS, 13C NMR and theoretical electronic circular dichroism calculations. Furthermore, all compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against four microbial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli), and compounds 1, 2, 3 and 5 displayed significant selective antibacterial activity against S. aureus with MIC values ranging from 3.9 to 7.8 µg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Peng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Min Kuang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Tao Huang
- Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Fang Li
- Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Haikou, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Ting Zheng
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Li Xu
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Bing Tan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Hua Kang
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Bo Tan
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Xing Zou
- Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
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17
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Zhao S, Jing Z. New pimarane diterpenoids with antibacterial activity from fungus Arthrinium sp. ZS03. Chin J Nat Med 2024; 22:356-364. [PMID: 38658098 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(24)60629-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
A comprehensive chemical study of the endophytic fungus Arthrinium sp. ZS03, associated with Acorus tatarinowii Schott, yielded eleven pimarane diterpenoids (compounds 1-11), including seven novel compounds designated arthrinoids A-G (1-7). The determination of their structures and absolute configurations was achieved through extensive spectroscopic techniques, quantum chemical calculations of electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Furthermore, 7 demonstrated inhibitory activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae, comparable to the reference antibiotic amikacin, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 8 μg·mL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songfeng Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Ziwei Jing
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
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18
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Fu Y, Li X, Yuan X, Zhang Z, Wei W, Xu C, Song J, Gu C. Alternaria alternata F3, a Novel Taxol-Producing Endophytic Fungus Isolated from the Fruits of Taxus cuspidata: Isolation, Characterization, Taxol Yield Improvement, and Antitumor Activity. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:2246-2269. [PMID: 37498379 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04661-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel taxol-producing endophytic fungus, strain F3, was isolated from the fruits of Taxus cuspidata and identified as Alternaria alternata according to its macroscopic and microscopic traits and sequence analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS). The presence of taxol was detected by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and confirmed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS/MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The fermentation parameters of strain F3 were then optimized for high taxol production. The maximum taxol yield of 195.4 µg L-1 by A. alternata F3 was observed in 200-mL yeast peptone dextrose (YPD) broth, at an initial pH value of 6.0, supplemented with 0.1 g L-1 sodium acetate, 0.25 g L-1 salicylic acid, and 0.00125 g L-1 silver nitrate and inoculum size 2%, and incubated at 28 °C and 150 rpm for 8 days, which was 2.12-fold compared with the initial yield of taxol. Also, fungal taxol exhibited antitumor activity towards human lung carcinoma (A549) cell line and human cervical carcinoma (Hela) cell line with IC50 values of 3.98 µg mL-1 and 0.35 µg mL-1. Overall, this is the first report on taxol-producing endophytic fungus isolated from the fruits of Taxus. This study offers a novel source for the production of taxol for anticancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Fu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohan Yuan
- Life Science and Biotechnique Research Center, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Song
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chengbo Gu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
- Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
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Holkar SK, Ghotgalkar PS, Markad HN, Bhanbhane VC, Saha S, Banerjee K. Current Status and Future Perspectives on Distribution of Fungal Endophytes and Their Utilization for Plant Growth Promotion and Management of Grapevine Diseases. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:116. [PMID: 38489076 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03635-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the economically most important fruit crops cultivated worldwide. Grape production is significantly affected by biotic constraints leading to heavy crop losses. Changing climatic conditions leading to widespread occurrence of different foliar diseases in grapevine. Chemical products are used for managing these diseases through preventive and curative application in the vineyard. High disease pressure and indiscriminate use of chemicals leading to residue in the final harvest and resistance development in phytopathogens. To mitigate these challenges, the adoption of potential biocontrol control agents is necessary. Moreover, multifaceted benefits of endophytes made them eco-friendly, and environmentally safe approach. The genetic composition, physiological conditions, and ecology of their host plant have an impact on their dispersion patterns and population diversity. Worldwide, a total of more than 164 fungal endophytes (FEs) have been characterized originating from different tissues, varieties, crop growth stages, and geographical regions of grapevine. These diverse FEs have been used extensively for management of different phytopathogens globally. The FEs produce secondary metabolites, lytic enzymes, and organic compounds which are known to possess antimicrobial and antifungal properties. The aim of this review was to understand diversity, distribution, host-pathogen-endophyte interaction, role of endophytes in disease management and for enhanced, and quality production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sujoy Saha
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra, 412307, India
| | - Kaushik Banerjee
- ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra, 412307, India
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20
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Gamal A, Fikry E, Tawfeek N, El-Shafae AM, El-Sayed ASA, El-Domiaty MM. Production and bioprocessing of Taxol from Aspergillus niger, an endophyte of Encephalartos whitelockii, with a plausible biosynthetic stability: antiproliferative activity and cell cycle analysis. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:78. [PMID: 38475853 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-024-02356-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The biosynthetic potency of Taxol by fungi raises their prospective to be a platform for commercial production of Taxol, nevertheless, the attenuation of its productivity with the fungal storage, is the challenge. Thus, screening for a novel fungal isolate inhabiting ethnopharmacological plants, with a plausible metabolic stability for Taxol production could be one of the most affordable approaches. Aspergillus niger OR414905.1, an endophyte of Encephalartos whitelockii, had the highest Taxol productivity (173.9 μg/L). The chemical identity of the purified Taxol was confirmed by HPLC, FTIR, and LC-MS/MS analyses, exhibiting the same molecular mass (854.5 m/z) and molecular fragmentation pattern of the authentic Taxol. The purified Taxol exhibited a potent antiproliferative activity against HepG-2, MCF-7 and Caco-2, with IC50 values 0.011, 0.016, and 0.067 μM, respectively, in addition to a significant activity against A. flavus, as a model of human fungal pathogen. The purified Taxol displayed a significant effect against the cellular migration of HepG-2 and MCF-7 cells, by ~ 52-59% after 72 h, compared to the control, confirming its interference with the cellular matrix formation. Furthermore, the purified Taxol exhibited a significant ability to prompt apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, by about 11-fold compared to control cells, suppressing their division at G2/M phase. Taxol productivity by A. niger has been optimized by the response surface methodology with Plackett-Burman Design and Central Composite Design, resulting in a remarkable ~ 1.6-fold increase (279.8 μg/L), over the control. The biological half-life time of Taxol productivity by A. niger was ~ 6 months of preservation at 4 ℃, however, the Taxol yield by A. niger was partially restored in response to ethyl acetate extracts of E. whitelockii, ensuring the presence of plant-derived signals that triggers the cryptic Taxol encoding genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Gamal
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Eman Fikry
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Nora Tawfeek
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Azza M El-Shafae
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S A El-Sayed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Maher M El-Domiaty
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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21
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Qin X, Xu J, An X, Yang J, Wang Y, Dou M, Wang M, Huang J, Fu Y. Insight of endophytic fungi promoting the growth and development of woody plants. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2024; 44:78-99. [PMID: 36592988 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2129579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play an important role in plant growth and development. In particular, endophytic fungi is one of the important kinds of microorganisms and has a mutually beneficial symbiotic relationship with host plants. Endophytic fungi have many substantial benefits to host plants, especially for woody plants, such as accelerating plant growth, enhancing stress resistance, promoting nutrient absorption, resisting pathogens and etc. However, the effects of endophytic fungi on the growth and development of woody plants have not been systematically summarized. In this review, the functions of endophytic fungi for the growth and development of woody plants have been mainly reviewed, including regulating plant growth (e.g., flowering, root elongation, etc.) by producing nutrients and plant hormones, and improving plant disease, insect resistance and heavy metal resistance by producing secondary metabolites. In addition, the diversity of endophytic fungi could improve the ability of woody plants to adapt to adverse environment. The components produced by endophytic fungi have excellent potential for the growth and development of woody plants. This review has systematically discussed the potential regulation mechanism of endophytic fungi regulating the growth and development of woody plants, it would be of great significance for the development and utilization of endophytic fungi resource from woody plants for the protection of forest resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Xiaoli An
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Meijia Dou
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Minggang Wang
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yujie Fu
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, PR China
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22
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El-Sayed ASA, ElSayed AI, Wadan KM, El-Saadany SS, Abd El-Hady NAA. Camptothecin bioprocessing from Aspergillus terreus, an endophyte of Catharanthus roseus: antiproliferative activity, topoisomerase inhibition and cell cycle analysis. Microb Cell Fact 2024; 23:15. [PMID: 38183118 PMCID: PMC10768243 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02270-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Attenuation of camptothecin (CPT) productivity by fungi with preservation and subculturing is the challenge that halts fungi to be an industrial platform of CPT production. Thus, screening for novel endophytic fungal isolates with metabolic stability for CPT production was the objective. Catharanthus roseus is one of the medicinal plants with diverse bioactive metabolites that could have a plethora of novel endophytes with unique metabolites. Among the endophytes of C. roseus, Aspergillus terreus EFBL-NV OR131583.1 had the most CPT producing potency (90.2 μg/l), the chemical identity of the putative CPT was verified by HPLC, FT-IR, NMR and LC-MS/MS. The putative A. terreus CPT had the same molecular mass (349 m/z), and molecular fragmentation patterns of the authentic one, as revealed from the MS/MS analyses. The purified CPT had a strong activity against MCF7 (5.27 μM) and UO-31 (2.2 μM), with a potential inhibition to Topo II (IC50 value 0.52 nM) than Topo 1 (IC50 value 6.9 nM). The CPT displayed a high wound healing activity to UO-31 cells, stopping their metastasis, matrix formation and cell immigration. The purified CPT had a potential inducing activity to the cellular apoptosis of UO-31 by ~ 17 folds, as well as, arresting their cellular division at the S-phase, compared to the control cells. Upon Plackett-Burman design, the yield of CPT by A. terreus was increased by ~ 2.6 folds, compared to control. The yield of CPT by A. terreus was sequentially suppressed with the fungal storage and subculturing, losing ~ 50% of their CPT productivity by 3rd month and 5th generation. However, the productivity of the attenuated A. terreus culture was completely restored by adding 1% surface sterilized leaves of C. roseus, and the CPT yield was increased over-the-first culture by ~ 3.2 folds (315.2 μg/l). The restoring of CPT productivity of A. terreus in response to indigenous microbiome of C. roseus, ensures the A. terreus-microbiome interactions, releasing a chemical signal that triggers the CPT productivity of A. terreus. This is the first reports exploring the potency of A. terreus, endophyte of C. roseus" to be a platform for industrial production of CPT, with an affordable sustainability with addition of C. roseus microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf S A El-Sayed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Abdelaleim I ElSayed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Khalid M Wadan
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Sayed S El-Saadany
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Nouran A A Abd El-Hady
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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Waqar S, Bhat AA, Khan AA. Endophytic fungi: Unravelling plant-endophyte interaction and the multifaceted role of fungal endophytes in stress amelioration. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108174. [PMID: 38070242 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi colonize interior plant tissue and mostly form mutualistic associations with their host plant. Plant-endophyte interaction is a complex mechanism and is currently a focus of research to understand the underlying mechanism of endophyte asymptomatic colonization, the process of evading plant immune response, modulation of gene expression, and establishment of a balanced mutualistic relationship. Fungal endophytes rely on plant hosts for nutrients, shelter, and transmission and improve the host plant's tolerance against biotic stresses, including -herbivores, nematodes, bacterial, fungal, viral, nematode, and other phytopathogens. Endophytic fungi have been reported to improve plant health by reducing and eradicating the harmful effect of phytopathogens through competition for space or nutrients, mycoparasitism, and through direct or indirect defense systems by producing secondary metabolites as well as by induced systemic resistance (ISR). Additionally, for efficient crop improvement, practicing them would be a fruitful step for a sustainable approach. This review article summarizes the current research progress in plant-endophyte interaction and the fungal endophyte mechanism to overcome host defense responses, their subsequent colonization, and the establishment of a balanced mutualistic interaction with host plants. This review also highlighted the potential of fungal endophytes in the amelioration of biotic stress. We have also discussed the relevance of various bioactive compounds possessing antimicrobial potential against a variety of agricultural pathogens. Furthermore, endophyte-mediated ISR is also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Waqar
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Adil Ameen Bhat
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Abrar Ahmad Khan
- Section of Environmental Botany and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
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24
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Nzabanita C, Zhang L, Wang Y, Wang S, Guo L. The Wheat Endophyte Epicoccum layuense J4-3 Inhibits Fusarium graminearum and Enhances Plant Growth. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 10:10. [PMID: 38248920 PMCID: PMC10817605 DOI: 10.3390/jof10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes are well-known for their ability to promote plant growth and hinder fungal diseases, including Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by Fusarium graminearum. This study aimed to characterize the biocontrol efficacy of strain J4-3 isolated from the stem of symptomless wheat collected from Heilongjiang Province, China. It was identified as Epicoccum layuense using morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and beta-tubulin (TUB). In a dual culture assay, strain J4-3 significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of F. graminearum strain PH-1 and other fungal pathogens. In addition, wheat coleoptile tests showed that lesion symptoms caused by F. graminearum were significantly reduced in wheat seedlings treated with hyphal fragment suspensions of strain J4-3 compared to the controls. Under field conditions, applying spore suspensions and culture filtrates of strain J4-3 with conidial suspensions of F. graminearum on wheat spikes resulted in the significant biocontrol efficacy of FHB. In addition, wheat seedlings previously treated with spore suspensions of strain J4-3 before sowing successfully resulted in FHB reduction after the application of conidial suspensions of F. graminearum at anthesis. More importantly, wheat seedlings treated with hyphal fragments and spore suspensions of strain J4-3 showed significant increases in wheat growth compared to the controls under greenhouse and field conditions. Overall, these findings suggest that E. layuense J4-3 could be a promising biocontrol agent (BCA) against F. graminearum, causing FHB and a growth-promoting fungus in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Lihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (C.N.); (L.Z.); (Y.W.); (S.W.)
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25
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Rady AM, El-Sayed ASA, El-Baz AF, Abdel-Fattah GG, Magdeldin S, Ahmed E, Osama A, Hassanein SE, Saed H, Yassin M. Proteomics and metabolomics analyses of camptothecin-producing Aspergillus terreus reveal the integration of PH domain-containing proteins and peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase in restoring the camptothecin biosynthesis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0228123. [PMID: 37855596 PMCID: PMC10714794 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02281-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Decreasing the camptothecin productivity by fungi with storage and subculturing is the challenge that halts their further implementation to be an industrial platform for camptothecin (CPT) production. The highest differentially abundant proteins were Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-containing proteins and Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase that fluctuated with the subculturing of A. terreus with a remarkable relation to CPT biosynthesis and restored with addition of F. elastica microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amgad M. Rady
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab (EFBL), Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S. A. El-Sayed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab (EFBL), Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ashraf F. El-Baz
- Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | | | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Department of Basic Research, Children’s Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman Ahmed
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Department of Basic Research, Children’s Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Aya Osama
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Research Program, Department of Basic Research, Children’s Cancer Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sameh E. Hassanein
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hend Saed
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Marwa Yassin
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab (EFBL), Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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Hai P, Gao Y, Yang L, Chen N, Jia H, Wang M, Li H, Jiang W, Yang J, Li R. Two New Compounds from the Endophytic Fungi of Dryopteris crassirhizoma and Their Antimicrobial Activities. Molecules 2023; 28:8043. [PMID: 38138533 PMCID: PMC10745856 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Two endophytic fungi Trichoderma afroharzianum (HP-3) and Alternaria alstroemeriae (HP-7) were isolated and purified from the fresh root of Dryopteris crassirhizoma. Chemical investigation of the two fungi resulted in the isolation of two new phenols 2,4-dihydroxy-3-farnesyl-5-methoxy benzoic acid (1) and 2-hydroxyphenethyl 2-phenylacetate (2), together with 22 known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by NMR, UV, IR, HRESIMS, and comparison to the literature data. Compounds 15 and 16 showed significant antibacterial activity against Micrococcus lysodeikticus with MIC value of 6.25 μg/mL, while 8 and 14 displayed moderate inhibitory activities against several plant pathogenic fungi and clinically important bacterial strains. This is the first study to report the isolation, identification, and antimicrobial properties of metabolites from endophytic fungi of D. crassirhizoma. Our findings may provide lead compounds for the development of new antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Hai
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (P.H.); (L.Y.)
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.G.); (N.C.); (H.J.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Yuan Gao
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.G.); (N.C.); (H.J.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Lian Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (P.H.); (L.Y.)
| | - Nie Chen
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.G.); (N.C.); (H.J.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Haiyan Jia
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.G.); (N.C.); (H.J.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Mengdie Wang
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.G.); (N.C.); (H.J.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Huan Li
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.G.); (N.C.); (H.J.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Wenli Jiang
- Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China; (Y.G.); (N.C.); (H.J.); (M.W.); (H.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medical, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100010, China
| | - Rongtao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (P.H.); (L.Y.)
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Zhu L, Gan D, Dong SH, He BJ, Li CZ, Wang CY, Cai L, Su JW, Cai L, Ding ZT. Guided isolation of secondary metabolites from Nectria sp. MHHJ-3 by molecular network strategy. Fitoterapia 2023; 171:105668. [PMID: 37683876 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The fungus Nectria sp. MHHJ-3 was isolated from Illigera rhodantha. A molecular networking-guided the secondary metabolites investigation of Nectria sp. MHHJ-3 led to the isolation of ten metabolites (1-10), including two new naphthalenone derivatives, nectrianaphthalenones A (1) and B (2), and two new steroids, nectriasteroids A (3) and B (4). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis including the HRESIMS, 1D/2D NMR and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. A plausible biosynthetic pathway for 1-2 was proposed. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities. Compounds 3 and 4 showed significant cytotoxic activity against selected tumor cells. Particularly, compound 3 exhibited the strongest activity against A549 cells with an IC50 value of 13.73 ± 0.03 μM, which was at the same grade with that of positive control cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong Gan
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Hui Dong
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Bi-Jian He
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen-Zhe Li
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Yao Wang
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Cai
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Wei Su
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Cai
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Tao Ding
- Functional Molecules Analysis and Biotransformation Key Laboratory of Universities in Yunnan Province, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China; Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.
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do Espírito Santo BC, Oliveira JADS, Ribeiro MADS, Schoffen RP, Polli AD, Polonio JC, da Silva AA, de Abreu Filho BA, Heck MC, Meurer EC, Constantin PP, Pileggi M, Vicentini VEP, Golias HC, Pamphile JA. Antitumor and antibacterial activity of metabolites of endophytic Colletotrichum siamense isolated from coffee (Coffea arabica L. cv IAPAR-59). Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2651-2661. [PMID: 37642890 PMCID: PMC10689633 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi produce a range of known metabolites and several others, not yet explored, which present important biological activities from the pharmaceutical and industrial perspective. Several studies have reported the diversity of endophytes in Coffea arabica plants, although few have been described in organic cultures. In the current paper, we describe the chemical profile of specialized metabolites in the ethyl acetate phase in a strain of the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum siamense associated with coffee (Coffea arabica L.) (Rubiaceae) and its potential against tumor cells and bacteria of medical and food importance. Cytotoxicity assays in tumor cells MCF-7 and HepG2/C3A were performed by MTT and microdilution in broth to evaluate the antibacterial action of metabolic extract. The antiproliferative assay showed promising results after 24 h of treatment, with 50% injunction concentrations for the two cell types. UHPLC-MS/MS analyses with an electrospray ionization source were used to analyze the extracts and identify compounds of species Colletotrichum siamense, which is still little explored as a source of active metabolites. Many of these compounds observed in the endophytic need to be chemically synthesized in industry, at high costs, while production by the fungus becomes a chemically and economically more viable alternative. Pyrocatechol, gentisyl alcohol, and alpha-linolenic acid, associated with different mechanisms of action against tumor cells, were detected among the main compounds. The extract of the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum siamense presented several compounds with pharmacological potential and antibacterial activity, corroborating its potential in biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno César do Espírito Santo
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rodrigo Pawloski Schoffen
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Andressa Domingos Polli
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Julio Cesar Polonio
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
| | - Angela Aparecida da Silva
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Benício Alves de Abreu Filho
- Center for Health Sciences, Department of Basic Health Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Michele Cristina Heck
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Paola Pereira Constantin
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos Pileggi
- Department of Structural, Molecular and Genetic Biology, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Halison Correia Golias
- Department of Biotechnology, Genetics and Cell Biology, LBioMic, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brazil
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McLaughlin MS, Roy M, Abbasi PA, Carisse O, Yurgel SN, Ali S. Why Do We Need Alternative Methods for Fungal Disease Management in Plants? PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3822. [PMID: 38005718 PMCID: PMC10675458 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Fungal pathogens pose a major threat to food production worldwide. Traditionally, chemical fungicides have been the primary means of controlling these pathogens, but many of these fungicides have recently come under increased scrutiny due to their negative effects on the health of humans, animals, and the environment. Furthermore, the use of chemical fungicides can result in the development of resistance in populations of phytopathogenic fungi. Therefore, new environmentally friendly alternatives that provide adequate levels of disease control are needed to replace chemical fungicides-if not completely, then at least partially. A number of alternatives to conventional chemical fungicides have been developed, including plant defence elicitors (PDEs); biological control agents (fungi, bacteria, and mycoviruses), either alone or as consortia; biochemical fungicides; natural products; RNA interference (RNAi) methods; and resistance breeding. This article reviews the conventional and alternative methods available to manage fungal pathogens, discusses their strengths and weaknesses, and identifies potential areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S. McLaughlin
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada; (M.S.M.); (M.R.); (P.A.A.)
- Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 4H5, Canada
| | - Maria Roy
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada; (M.S.M.); (M.R.); (P.A.A.)
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada
| | - Pervaiz A. Abbasi
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada; (M.S.M.); (M.R.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Odile Carisse
- Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu Research Development Centre, Science and Technology Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC J3B 7B5, Canada;
| | - Svetlana N. Yurgel
- United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service, Grain Legume Genetics and Physiology Research Unit, Prosser, WA 99350, USA;
| | - Shawkat Ali
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Kentville Research and Development Centre, Kentville, NS B4N 1J5, Canada; (M.S.M.); (M.R.); (P.A.A.)
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Calvert J, McTaggart A, Carvalhais LC, Rensink S, Dennis PG, Drenth A, Shivas R. Divergent rainforest tree microbiomes between phases of the monsoon cycle, host plants and tissues. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2023; 25:860-870. [PMID: 37647418 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
The Australian Monsoon Tropics (AMT) contain some of the most biodiverse forests on the continent. Little is known about the dynamics of rainforest plant microbiomes in general, and there have been no community-level studies on Australian rainforest endophytes, their seasonality, tissue and host specificity. We tested whether community composition of tropical tree endophytes (fungi and bacteria) differs: (i) at different points during a monsoon cycle, (ii) between leaf and stem tissues, (iii) between forest microclimates (gully/ridge), and between (iv) host plant species, and (v) host plant clade, using amplicon sequencing of the bacterial 16S and fungal ITS2 gene regions. Results indicated that the composition of rainforest plant microbiomes differs between wet and dry seasons, which may be explained by physiological shifts in host plants due to annual climate fluctuations from mesic to xeric. Endophyte microbiomes differed between leaves and stems. Distinct fungal communities were associated with host species and clades, with some trees enriched in a number of fungal taxa compared to host plants in other clades. Diversity of bacterial endophytes in plant stems increased in the dry season. We conclude that the microbiomes of tropical plants are responsive to monsoonal climate variation, are highly compartmentalised between plant tissues, and may be partly shaped by the relatedness of their host plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Calvert
- Centre for Horticultural Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Dutton Park, QLD, Australia
| | - A McTaggart
- Centre for Horticultural Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Dutton Park, QLD, Australia
| | - L C Carvalhais
- Centre for Horticultural Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Dutton Park, QLD, Australia
| | - S Rensink
- Centre for Horticultural Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Dutton Park, QLD, Australia
| | - P G Dennis
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - A Drenth
- Centre for Horticultural Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Dutton Park, QLD, Australia
| | - R Shivas
- Centre for Horticultural Science, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Dutton Park, QLD, Australia
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Chen Q, Wang J, Gao Y, Gao X, Yan P. Optimization of Fermentation Conditions and Product Identification of a Saponin-Producing Endophytic Fungus. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2331. [PMID: 37764176 PMCID: PMC10535331 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some fungal endophytes isolated from P. ginseng may present a new method of obtaining saponins. This experiment aimed to optimize the total saponin yield produced through in vitro fermentation by an endophytic fungus and analyze its saponin species in the fermented extract. METHODS Fermentation protocols were optimized with a uniform design and verified through regression analysis to maximize the total saponin yield. The saponin types under optimal fermentation conditions were then identified and analyzed using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry. RESULTS The Trametes versicolor strain NSJ105 (gene accession number: OR144428) isolated from wild ginseng could produce total saponins. The total saponin yield could be increased more than two-fold through the optimization of fermentation conditions. The concentration of the total saponins achieved by the verified protocol 105-DP was close to the predicted value. The fermentation conditions of the 105-DP protocol were as follows: potato concentration 97.3 mg/mL, glucose concentration 20.6 mg/mL, inoculum volume 2.1%, fermentation broth pH 2.1, fermentation temperature 29.2 °C, and fermentation time 6 d. It was detected and analyzed that the fermented extract of 105-DP contained the ginsenosides Rf and Rb3. CONCLUSION The endophytic fungus Trametes versicolor strain NSJ105 has potential application value in saponin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Chen
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; (Q.C.)
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; (Q.C.)
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Yuhang Gao
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xiujun Gao
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Peisheng Yan
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; (Q.C.)
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China
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Tsipinana S, Husseiny S, Alayande KA, Raslan M, Amoo S, Adeleke R. Contribution of endophytes towards improving plant bioactive metabolites: a rescue option against red-taping of medicinal plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1248319. [PMID: 37771494 PMCID: PMC10522919 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1248319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants remain a valuable source for natural drug bioprospecting owing to their multi-target spectrum. However, their use as raw materials for novel drug synthesis has been greatly limited by unsustainable harvesting leading to decimation of their wild populations coupled with inherent low concentrations of constituent secondary metabolites per unit mass. Thus, adding value to the medicinal plants research dynamics calls for adequate attention. In light of this, medicinal plants harbour endophytes which are believed to be contributing towards the host plant survival and bioactive metabolites through series of physiological interference. Stimulating secondary metabolite production in medicinal plants by using endophytes as plant growth regulators has been demonstrated to be one of the most effective methods for increasing metabolite syntheses. Use of endophytes as plant growth promotors could help to ensure continuous supply of medicinal plants, and mitigate issues with fear of extinction. Endophytes minimize heavy metal toxicity in medicinal plants. It has been hypothesized that when medicinal plants are exposed to harsh conditions, associated endophytes are the primary signalling channels that induce defensive reactions. Endophytes go through different biochemical processes which lead to activation of defence mechanisms in the host plants. Thus, through signal transduction pathways, endophytic microorganisms influence genes involved in the generation of secondary metabolites by plant cells. Additionally, elucidating the role of gene clusters in production of secondary metabolites could expose factors associated with low secondary metabolites by medicinal plants. Promising endophyte strains can be manipulated for enhanced production of metabolites, hence, better probability of novel bioactive metabolites through strain improvement, mutagenesis, co-cultivation, and media adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinawo Tsipinana
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Samah Husseiny
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Kazeem A. Alayande
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Mai Raslan
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Stephen Amoo
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Agricultural Research Council – Vegetables, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Roodeplaat, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Rasheed Adeleke
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Khan AL. The phytomicrobiome: solving plant stress tolerance under climate change. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1219366. [PMID: 37746004 PMCID: PMC10513501 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1219366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
With extraordinary global climate changes, increased episodes of extreme conditions result in continuous but complex interaction of environmental variables with plant life. Exploring natural phytomicrobiome species can provide a crucial resource of beneficial microbes that can improve plant growth and productivity through nutrient uptake, secondary metabolite production, and resistance against pathogenicity and abiotic stresses. The phytomicrobiome composition, diversity, and function strongly depend on the plant's genotype and climatic conditions. Currently, most studies have focused on elucidating microbial community abundance and diversity in the phytomicrobiome, covering bacterial communities. However, least is known about understanding the holistic phytomicrobiome composition and how they interact and function in stress conditions. This review identifies several gaps and essential questions that could enhance understanding of the complex interaction of microbiome, plant, and climate change. Utilizing eco-friendly approaches of naturally occurring synthetic microbial communities that enhance plant stress tolerance and leave fewer carbon-foot prints has been emphasized. However, understanding the mechanisms involved in stress signaling and responses by phytomicrobiome species under spatial and temporal climate changes is extremely important. Furthermore, the bacterial and fungal biome have been studied extensively, but the holistic interactome with archaea, viruses, oomycetes, protozoa, algae, and nematodes has seldom been studied. The inter-kingdom diversity, function, and potential role in improving environmental stress responses of plants are considerably important. In addition, much remains to be understood across organismal and ecosystem-level responses under dynamic and complex climate change conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif Khan
- Department of Engineering Technology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, United States
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Natarajan S, Pucker B, Srivastava S. Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of camptothecin producing novel fungal endophyte: Alternaria burnsii NCIM 1409. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14614. [PMID: 37670002 PMCID: PMC10480469 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41738-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Camptothecin is an important anticancer alkaloid produced by particular plant species. No suitable synthetic route has been established for camptothecin production yet, imposing a stress on plant-based production systems. Endophytes associated with these camptothecin-producing plants have been reported to also produce camptothecin and other high-value phytochemicals. A previous study identified a fungal endophyte Alternaria burnsii NCIM 1409, isolated from Nothapodytes nimmoniana, to be a sustainable producer of camptothecin. Our study provides key insights on camptothecin biosynthesis in this recently discovered endophyte. The whole genome sequence of A. burnsii NCIM 1409 was assembled and screened for biosynthetic gene clusters. Comparative studies with related fungi supported the identification of candidate genes involved in camptothecin synthesis and also helped to understand some aspects of the endophyte's defense against the toxic effects of camptothecin. No evidence for horizontal gene transfer of the camptothecin biosynthetic genes from the host plant to the endophyte was detected suggesting an independent evolution of the camptothecin biosynthesis in this fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakunthala Natarajan
- Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Plant Biology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), TU Braunschweig, 38106, Brunswick, Germany
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India
| | - Boas Pucker
- Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Plant Biology and Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), TU Braunschweig, 38106, Brunswick, Germany.
| | - Smita Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, 600 036, India.
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Parashiva J, Nuthan BR, Rakshith D, Santhosh CR, Narendra Kumar HK, Satish S. Insights into diversity and L-asparaginase activity of fungal endophytes associated with medicinal plant Grewia hirsuta. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1573-1587. [PMID: 37480457 PMCID: PMC10484854 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
L-asparaginase is used as one of the prime chemotherapeutic agents to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The present work aimed to study the endophytic fungal diversity of Grewia hirsuta and their ability to produce L-asparaginase. A total of 1575 culturable fungal endophytes belonging to four classes, Agaricomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, and Sordariomycetes, were isolated. The isolates were grouped into twenty-one morphotypes based on their morphological characteristics. Representative species from each group were identified based on their microscopic characteristics and evaluation of the ITS and LSU rDNA sequences. Most of the fungal endophytes were recovered from the leaves compared to other plant parts. Diaporthe sp. was the predominant genus with a colonization frequency of 8.62%. Shannon-Wiener index for diversity ranged from 2.74 to 2.88. All the plant parts showed similar Simpson's index values, indicating a uniform species diversity. Among the sixty-three fungal endophytes screened, thirty-two were identified as L-asparaginase-producing isolates. The enzyme activities of fungal endophytes estimated by the nesslerization method were found to be in the range of 4.65-0.27 IU/mL with Fusarium foetens showing maximum enzyme activity of 4.65 IU/mL. This study for the first time advocates the production of L-asparaginase from Fusarium foetens along with the endophytic fungal community composition of Grewia hirsuta. The results indicate that the fungal endophyte Fusarium foetens isolated in the present study could be a potent source of L-asparaginase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaraiah Parashiva
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | - Bettadapura Rameshgowda Nuthan
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
- Department of Microbiology, Maharani's Science College for Women, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 005, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Department of Microbiology, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 005, India
| | - Chandagalu Ramesh Santhosh
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | | | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
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Gurgel RS, de Melo Pereira DÍ, Garcia AVF, Fernandes de Souza AT, Mendes da Silva T, de Andrade CP, Lima da Silva W, Nunez CV, Fantin C, de Lima Procópio RE, Albuquerque PM. Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Endophytic Fungi Associated with Arrabidaea chica (Bignoniaceae). J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:864. [PMID: 37623634 PMCID: PMC10455555 DOI: 10.3390/jof9080864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The endophytic fungal community of the Amazonian medicinal plant Arrabidaea chica (Bignoniaceae) was evaluated based on the hypothesis that microbial communities associated with plant species in the Amazon region may produce metabolites with interesting bioactive properties. Therefore, the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the fungal extracts were investigated. A total of 107 endophytic fungi were grown in liquid medium and the metabolites were extracted with ethyl acetate. In the screening of fungal extracts for antimicrobial activity, the fungus identified as Botryosphaeria mamane CF2-13 was the most promising, with activity against E. coli, S. epidermidis, P. mirabilis, B. subtilis, S. marcescens, K. pneumoniae, S. enterica, A. brasiliensis, C. albicans, C. tropicalis and, especially, against S. aureus and C. parapsilosis (MIC = 0.312 mg/mL). Screening for antioxidant potential using the DPPH elimination assay showed that the Colletotrichum sp. CG1-7 endophyte extract exhibited potential activity with an EC50 of 11 µg/mL, which is equivalent to quercetin (8 µg/mL). The FRAP method confirmed the antioxidant potential of the fungal extracts. The presence of phenolic compounds and flavonoids in the active extracts was confirmed using TLC. These results indicate that two of the fungi isolated from A. chica exhibit significant antimicrobial and antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raiana Silveira Gurgel
- Programa Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Bionorte Network, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (R.S.G.); (D.Í.d.M.P.); (C.P.d.A.)
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
| | - Dorothy Ívila de Melo Pereira
- Programa Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Bionorte Network, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (R.S.G.); (D.Í.d.M.P.); (C.P.d.A.)
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
| | - Ana Vyktória França Garcia
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
| | - Anne Terezinha Fernandes de Souza
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazon, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (C.V.N.); (C.F.)
| | - Thaysa Mendes da Silva
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
| | - Cleudiane Pereira de Andrade
- Programa Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Bionorte Network, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (R.S.G.); (D.Í.d.M.P.); (C.P.d.A.)
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
| | - Weison Lima da Silva
- Bioprospection and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus 69067-375, Brazil;
| | - Cecilia Veronica Nunez
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazon, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (C.V.N.); (C.F.)
- Bioprospection and Biotechnology Laboratory, National Institute of Amazonian Research, Manaus 69067-375, Brazil;
| | - Cleiton Fantin
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazon, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (C.V.N.); (C.F.)
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil
| | - Rudi Emerson de Lima Procópio
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazon, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (C.V.N.); (C.F.)
| | - Patrícia Melchionna Albuquerque
- Programa Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology of the Bionorte Network, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (R.S.G.); (D.Í.d.M.P.); (C.P.d.A.)
- Research Group on Chemistry Applied to Technology, School of Technology, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-020, Brazil; (A.V.F.G.); (A.T.F.d.S.); (T.M.d.S.); (R.E.d.L.P.)
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Natural Resources of the Amazon, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil; (C.V.N.); (C.F.)
- Multicentric Graduate Program in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Health Sciences, Amazonas State University, Manaus 69050-010, Brazil
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Huang M, Chen L, Ma J, Mo J, He L, Liang Q, Peng G, Tan Z. Biological functions of endophytic bacteria in Robinia pseudoacacia 'Hongsen '. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1128727. [PMID: 37621396 PMCID: PMC10446884 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1128727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Endophytes and their host plants have co-evolved for a very long time. This relationship has led to the general recognition of endophytes as a particular class of microbial resources. R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen' is drought- and barren-resistant species that can be grown in both the north and south of China, efficiently addresses the ecological issues caused by China's 'southern eucalyptus and northern poplar. Up to date, cultured-dependent studies are available for the R. pseudoacacia nitrogen-fixing and other endophytes. Therefore, the present research studied the R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen,' microbiome in detail by high-throughput sequencing and culture dependant. Methods This study examined microbial species and functional diversity in Robinia pseudoacacia 'Hongsen' using culture-dependent (isolation) and culture-independent techniques. Results A total of 210 isolates were isolated from R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen.' These isolates were clustered into 16 groups by the In Situ PCR (IS-PCR) fingerprinting patterns. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of the representative strain of each group revealed that these groups belonged to 16 species of 8 genera, demonstrating the diversity of endophytes in R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen'. 'Bacillus is the most prevalent genus among all the endophytic bacteria. High-throughput sequencing of endophytic bacteria from R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen' of the plant and the rhizosphere soil bacteria showed that the bacterial populations of soil near the root, leaf, and rhizosphere differed significantly. The microbial abundance decreased in the endophytes as compared to the rhizosphere. We observed a similar community structure of roots and leaves. With and without root nodules, Mesorhizobium sp. was significantly different in R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen' plant. Discussion It was predicted that R. pseudoacacia 'Hongsen' plant endophytic bacteria would play a significant role in the metabolic process, such as carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, membrane transport, and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minqing Huang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijing Chen
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiasi Ma
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingzhi Mo
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu He
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qihua Liang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guixiang Peng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Tan
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Eldeghidy A, Abdel-Fattah G, El-Sayed ASA, Abdel-Fattah GG. Production, bioprocessing and antiproliferative activity of camptothecin from Aspergillus terreus, endophyte of Cinnamomum camphora: restoring their biosynthesis by indigenous microbiome of C. camphora. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:143. [PMID: 37533061 PMCID: PMC10399021 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02158-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fungal producing potency of camptothecin (CPT) raise the hope for their usage to be a platform for industrial production of CPT, nevertheless, attenuation of their productivity of CPT with the subculturing and preservation is the challenge. So, screening for novel endophytic fungal isolates with a reliable CPT-biosynthetic stability was the objective. Among the isolated endophytic fungi from the tested medicinal plants, Aspergillus terreus OQ642314.1, endophyte of Cinnamomum camphora, exhibits the highest yield of CPT (89.4 μg/l). From the NMR, FT-IR and LC-MS/MS analyses, the extracted CPT from A. terreus gave the same structure and molecular mass fragmentation pattern of authentic CPT (349 m/z). The putative CPT had a significant activity against MCF7 (0.27 µM) and HEPG-2 (0.8 µM), with a strong affinity to inhibits the human Topoisomerase 1 activity (IC50 0.362 μg/ml) as revealed from the Gel-based DNA relaxation assay. The purified CPT displayed a strong antimicrobial activity for various bacterial (E. coli and B. cereus) and fungal (A. flavus and A. parasiticus) isolates, ensuring the unique tertiary, and stereo-structure of A. terreus for penetrating the microbial cell walls and targeting the topoisomerase I. The higher dual activity of the purified CPT as antimicrobial and antitumor, emphasize their therapeutic efficiency, especially with growth of the opportunistic microorganisms due to the suppression of human immune system with the CPT uses in vivo. The putative CPT had an obvious activity against the tumor cell (MCF7) metastasis, and migration as revealed from the wound healing assay. The overall yield of A. terreus CPT was maximized with the Blackett-Burman design by twofolds increment (164.8 μg/l). The CPT yield by A. terreus was successively diminished with the multiple fungal subculturing, otherwise, the CPT productivity of A. terreus was restored, and increased over the zero culture upon coculturing with C. camphora microbiome (1.5% w/v), ensuring the restoring of CPT biosynthetic potency of A. terreus by the plant microbiome-derived chemical signals "microbial communication". This is the first report exploring the feasibility of A. terreus "endophyte of C. camphora" to be a preliminary platform for commercial production of CPT with a reliable sustainability upon uses of indigenous C. camphora microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Eldeghidy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Gamal Abdel-Fattah
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ashraf S A El-Sayed
- Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Ghada G Abdel-Fattah
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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DesRochers N, Renaud JB, Tanney JB, Ibrahim A, Yeung KKC, Sumarah MW. Non-targeted Screening of Natural Products from 288 Fungal Endophytes from Canadian Fruit Crops. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:24561-24572. [PMID: 37457466 PMCID: PMC10339433 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Many diverse species of fungi naturally occur as endophytes in plants. The majority of these fungi produce secondary metabolites of diverse structures and biological activities. Culture extracts from 288 fungi isolated from surface-sterilized blueberries, cranberries, raspberries, and grapes were analyzed by LC-HRMS/MS. Global Natural Products Social (GNPS) Molecular Networking modeling was used to investigate the secondary metabolites in the extracts. This technique increased the speed and simplicity of dereplicating the extracts, targeting new compounds that are structurally related. In total, 60 known compounds were dereplicated from this collection and seven new compounds were identified. These previously unknown compounds are targets for purification, characterization, and bioactivity testing in future studies. The fungal endophytes characterized in this study are potential candidates for providing bio-protection to the host plant with a reduced reliance on chemical pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha DesRochers
- London
Research and Development Centre, Agriculture
and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Justin B. Renaud
- London
Research and Development Centre, Agriculture
and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada
| | - Joey B. Tanney
- Pacific
Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 1M5, Canada
| | - Ashraf Ibrahim
- McMaster
University, 1290 Main
St. W, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Ken K.-C. Yeung
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
- Department
of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Mark W. Sumarah
- London
Research and Development Centre, Agriculture
and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, Ontario N5V 4T3, Canada
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada
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Asad S, Priyashantha AKH, Tibpromma S, Luo Y, Zhang J, Fan Z, Zhao L, Shen K, Niu C, Lu L, Promputtha I, Karunarathna SC. Coffee-Associated Endophytes: Plant Growth Promotion and Crop Protection. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:911. [PMID: 37508343 PMCID: PMC10376224 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic microbes are a ubiquitous group of plant-associated communities that colonize the intercellular or intracellular host tissues while providing numerous beneficial effects to the plants. All the plant species are thought to be associated with endophytes, majorly constituted with bacteria and fungi. During the last two decades, there has been a considerable movement toward the study of endophytes associated with coffee plants. In this review, the main consideration is given to address the coffee-associated endophytic bacteria and fungi, particularly their action on plant growth promotion and the biocontrol of pests. In addition, we sought to identify and analyze the gaps in the available research. Additionally, the potential of endophytes to improve the quality of coffee seeds is briefly discussed. Even though there are limited studies on the subject, the potentiality of coffee endophytes in plant growth promotion through enhancing nitrogen fixation, availability of minerals, nutrient absorption, secretion of phytohormones, and other bioactive metabolites has been well recognized. Further, the antagonistic effect against various coffee pathogenic bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and also insect pests leads to the protection of the crop. Furthermore, it is recognized that endophytes enhance the sensory characteristics of coffee as a new field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhail Asad
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | | | - Saowaluck Tibpromma
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Yinling Luo
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | - Jianqiang Zhang
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | - Zhuqing Fan
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | - Likun Zhao
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | - Ke Shen
- School of Biology and Chemistry, Pu'er University, Pu'er 665000, China
| | - Chen Niu
- Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou 570100, China
| | - Li Lu
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
| | - Itthayakorn Promputtha
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Environmental Science Research Center, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Samantha C Karunarathna
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies (NIFS), Hantana Road, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka
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Gupta A, Meshram V, Gupta M, Goyal S, Qureshi KA, Jaremko M, Shukla KK. Fungal Endophytes: Microfactories of Novel Bioactive Compounds with Therapeutic Interventions; A Comprehensive Review on the Biotechnological Developments in the Field of Fungal Endophytic Biology over the Last Decade. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1038. [PMID: 37509074 PMCID: PMC10377637 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The seminal discovery of paclitaxel from endophytic fungus Taxomyces andreanae was a milestone in recognizing the immense potential of endophytic fungi as prolific producers of bioactive secondary metabolites of use in medicine, agriculture, and food industries. Following the discovery of paclitaxel, the research community has intensified efforts to harness endophytic fungi as putative producers of lead molecules with anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant, cardio-protective, and immunomodulatory properties. Endophytic fungi have been a valuable source of bioactive compounds over the last three decades. Compounds such as taxol, podophyllotoxin, huperzine, camptothecin, and resveratrol have been effectively isolated and characterized after extraction from endophytic fungi. These findings have expanded the applications of endophytic fungi in medicine and related fields. In the present review, we systematically compile and analyze several important compounds derived from endophytic fungi, encompassing the period from 2011 to 2022. Our systematic approach focuses on elucidating the origins of endophytic fungi, exploring the structural diversity and biological activities exhibited by these compounds, and giving special emphasis to the pharmacological activities and mechanism of action of certain compounds. We highlight the tremendous potential of endophytic fungi as alternate sources of bioactive metabolites, with implications for combating major global diseases. This underscores the significant role that fungi can play in the discovery and development of novel therapeutic agents that address the challenges posed by prevalent diseases worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Gupta
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Vineet Meshram
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Mahiti Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Soniya Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, Haryana, India
| | - Kamal Ahmad Qureshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative (SHI) and Red Sea Research Center (RSRC), Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kamlesh Kumar Shukla
- School of Studies in Biotechnology, Pandit Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, Chhattisgarh, India
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Xie M, Gao X, Zhang S, Fu X, Le Y, Wang L. Cadmium stimulated cooperation between bacterial endophytes and plant intrinsic detoxification mechanism in Lonicera japonica thunb. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 325:138411. [PMID: 36931404 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Due to the intimate association between plant physiology and metabolism, the internal colonizing microbe (endophytes) community must be adjusted to support plant productivity in response to cell damage in plants under stress. However, how endophytes coordinate their activities with plant intrinsic mechanisms such as antioxidative systems and detoxification pathways during Cd accumulation remains unknown. In this hydroponic pot study, we investigated how exposure of Lonicera japonica. thunb. to different levels of Cd (0.5, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg kg-1) affected plant growth, metabolic pathways, and endophyte community structure and function. Although Cd accumulation increased at 5 mg kg-1 Cd, the biomass and height of L. japonica increased in association with elevated endophyte-involved plant detoxification activities. Endophytes, such as Sphingomonas, Klenkia, and Modestobacter, expressed major antioxidative regulators (superoxide dismutase and ascorbate acid) to detoxify Cd in L. japonica. Furthermore, L. japonica and its endophytes synergistically regulated the toxic effects of Cd accumulation via multiple plant metabolic defensive pathways to increase resistance to metal-induced stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaoyu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Saiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiaohua Fu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yiquan Le
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Lin H, Liang Y, Kaliaperumal K, Xiong Q, Duan S, Jiang Y, Zhang J. Linoleic acid from the endophytic fungus Diaporthe sp. HT-79 inhibits the growth of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri by destructing the cell membrane and producing reactive oxygen species (ROS). PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 192:105423. [PMID: 37105613 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Citrus canker disease caused by Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xac) severely influences the quality and quantity of citrus fruits. The current management of this disease mainly relies on the application of copper-associated chemicals, which poses a threat to human health and the environment. The present study isolated an endophytic fungus HT-79 from the healthy navel orange tree, whose crude fermentation product significantly inhibited the growth of Xac. The strain HT-79 was identified as a species of the Diaporthe genus. The petroleum ether extract (PEE) of the crude fermentation product of HT-79 exhibited remarkable activity against Xac with a MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) value of 0.0625 mg/mL, significantly better than the positive control CuSO4 (MIC = 0.125 mg/mL). Bioassay-guided isolation of PEE resulted in the discovery of one highly potent anti-Xac subfraction, namely fraction 5 (MIC = 0.0156 mg/mL). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis revealed that fraction 5 mainly consisted of palmitic acid (18.17%), ethyl palmitate (15.66%), linoleic acid (6.80%), oleic acid (18.32%), ethyl linoleate (21.58%), ethyl oleate (15.87%), and ethyl stearate (3.60%). Among these seven compounds, linoleic acid (MIC = 0.0078 mg/mL) was found to be the most potent against Xac, followed by oleic acid (MIC = 0.0156 mg/mL), while all others were less pronounced than CuSO4. Linoleic acid highly inhibited the growth of Xac via the destruction of the cell membrane and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A preliminary in vivo experiment revealed that linoleic acid was effective in the control of citrus canker disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yan Liang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Kumaravel Kaliaperumal
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China; Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Qin Xiong
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Shuo Duan
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China; South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510650, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China; South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, 510650, China.
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Dos Reis JBA, Pappas Junior GJ, Lorenzi AS, Pinho DB, Costa AM, Bustamante MMDC, Vale HMMD. How Deep Can the Endophytic Mycobiome Go? A Case Study on Six Woody Species from the Brazilian Cerrado. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9050508. [PMID: 37233219 DOI: 10.3390/jof9050508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the complex relationship between plants and endophytic fungi is very important in order to understand the maintenance of biodiversity, equity, stability, and ecosystem functioning. However, knowledge about the diversity of endophytic fungi from species of the native Brazilian Cerrado biome is poorly documented and remains largely unknown. These gaps led us to characterize the diversity of Cerrado endophytic foliar fungi associated with six woody species (Caryocar brasiliense, Dalbergia miscolobium, Leptolobium dasycarpum, Qualea parviflora, Ouratea hexasperma, and Styrax ferrugineus). Additionally, we investigated the influence of host plant identities on the structure of fungal communities. Culture-dependent methods coupled with DNA metabarcoding were employed. Irrespective of the approach, the phylum Ascomycota and the classes Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes were dominant. Using the cultivation-dependent method, 114 isolates were recovered from all the host species and classified into more than 20 genera and 50 species. Over 50 of the isolates belonged to the genus Diaporthe, and were distributed into more than 20 species. Metabarcoding revealed the phyla Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mortierellomycota, Olpidiomycota, Rozellomycota, and Zoopagomycota. These groups are reported for the first time as components of the endophytic mycobiome of Cerrado plant species. In total, 400 genera were found in all host species. A unique leaf endophytic mycobiome was identified in each host species, which differed not only by the distribution of fungal species, but also by the abundance of shared species. These findings highlight the importance of the Brazilian Cerrado as a reservoir of microbial species, and emphasize how endophytic fungal communities are diversified and adapted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Georgios Joannis Pappas Junior
- University of Brasília (UnB), Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Cellular Biology, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Adriana Sturion Lorenzi
- University of Brasília (UnB), Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Cellular Biology, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Danilo Batista Pinho
- University of Brasília (UnB), Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Phytopathology, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Martins Costa
- University of Brasília (UnB), Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Ecology, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Helson Mario Martins do Vale
- University of Brasília (UnB), Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Phytopathology, Brasília 70910-900, DF, Brazil
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Luyen ND, Huong LM, Ha NTT, Tra NT, Anh LTT, Tuyen NV, Posta K, Son NT, Pham-The H. Chemical Profile and Biological Activities of Fungal Strains Isolated from Piper nigrum Roots: Experimental and Computational Approaches. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200456. [PMID: 36564341 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The current report describes the chemical investigation and biological activity of extracts produced by three fungal strains Fusarium oxysporum, Penicillium simplicissimum, and Fusarium proliferatum isolated from the roots of Piper nigrum L. growing in Vietnam. These fungi were namely determined by morphological and DNA analyses. GC/MS identification revealed that the EtOAc extracts of these fungi were associated with the presence of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. These EtOAc extracts showed cytotoxicity towards cancer cell lines HepG2, inhibited various microbacterial organisms, especially fungus Aspergillus niger and yeast Candida albicans (the MIC values of 50-100 μg/mL). In α-glucosidase inhibitory assay, they induced the IC50 values of 1.00-2.53 μg/mL were better than positive control acarbose (169.80 μg/mL). The EtOAc extract of F. oxysporum also showed strong anti-inflammatory activity against NO production and PGE-2 level. Four major compounds linoleic acid (37.346 %), oleic acid (27.520 %), palmitic acid (25.547 %), and stearic acid (7.030 %) from the EtOAc extract of F. oxysporum were selective in molecular docking study, by which linoleic and oleic acids showed higher binding affinity towards α-glucosidase than palmitic and stearic acids. In subsequent docking assay with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), palmitic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid could be moderate inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Dinh Luyen
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Le Mai Huong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Thu Ha
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thanh Tra
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Tu Anh
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Tuyen
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Katalin Posta
- Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Pater str 1., Godollo, H-2103, Hungary
| | - Ninh The Son
- Institute of Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Caugiay, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Hai Pham-The
- Hanoi University of Pharmacy, 13-15 Le Thanh Tong, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam. or
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El-Sayed ASA, George NM, Abou-Elnour A, El-Mekkawy RM, El-Demerdash MM. Production and bioprocessing of camptothecin from Aspergillus terreus, an endophyte of Cestrum parqui, restoring their biosynthetic potency by Citrus limonum peel extracts. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:4. [PMID: 36609265 PMCID: PMC9824926 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-022-02012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic potency of fungi as camptothecin producer elevates their prospective use as an industrial platform for commercial production, however, the loss of camptothecin productivity by fungi with the storage and subculturing are the major obstacle. Thus, screening for endophytic fungal isolates inhabiting ethnopharmacological plants with an obvious metabolic stability and sustainability for camptothecin biosynthesis could be one of the most feasible paradigms. Aspergillus terreus ON908494.1, an endophyte of Cestrum parqui was morphologically and molecularly verified, displaying the most potent camptothecin biosynthetic potency. The chemical identity of A. terreus camptothecin was confirmed from the HPLC, FTIR and LC-MS/MS analyses, gave the same molecular structure and mass fragmentation patterns of authentic one. The purified putative camptothecin displayed a strong anticancer activity towards HepG-2 and MCF-7 with IC50 values 0.96 and 1.4 µM, respectively, with no toxicity to OEC normal cells. As well as, the purified camptothecin displayed a significant antifungal activity towards fungal human pathogen Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, and A. parasiticus, ensuring the unique structural activity relationships of A. terreus camptothecin, as a powerful dually active anticancer and antimicrobial agent. The camptothecin productivity of A. terreus was maximized by bioprocessing with Plackett-Burman design, with an overall 1.5 folds increment (170.5 µg/L), comparing to control culture. So, the optimal medium components for maximum yield of camptothecin by A. terreus was acid why (2.0 mL/L), Diaion HP20 (2.0 g/L), Amberlite XAD (2.0 g/L), dextrin (5.0 g/L), glucose (10.0 g/L), salicylic acid (2.0 g/L), serine (4.0 g/L), cysteine (4.0 g/L) and glutamate (10.0 g/L), at pH 6 for 15 days incubation. By the 5th generation of A. terreus, the camptothecin yield was reduced by 60%, comparing to zero culture. Interestingly, the productivity of camptothecin by A. terreus has been completely restored and over increased (210 µg/L), comparing to the 3rd generation A. terreus (90 µg/L) upon addition of methanolic extracts of Citrus limonum peels, revealing the presence of some chemical signals that triggers the camptothecin biosynthetic machinery. The feasibility of complete restoring of camptothecin biosynthetic-machinery of A. terreus for stable and sustainable production of camptothecin, pave the way for using this fungal isolate as new platform for scaling-up the camptothecin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf S. A. El-Sayed
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Nelly M. George
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amira Abou-Elnour
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rasha M. El-Mekkawy
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. El-Demerdash
- grid.31451.320000 0001 2158 2757Enzymology and Fungal Biotechnology Lab, Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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47
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Uniting the Role of Endophytic Fungi against Plant Pathogens and Their Interaction. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9010072. [PMID: 36675893 PMCID: PMC9860820 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are used as the most common microbial biological control agents (MBCAs) against phytopathogens and are ubiquitous in all plant parts. Most of the fungal species have roles against a variety of plant pathogens. Fungal endophytes provide different services to be used as pathogen control agents, using an important aspect in the form of enhanced plant growth and induced systemic resistance, produce a variety of antifungal secondary metabolites (lipopeptides, antibiotics and enzymes) through colonization, and compete with other pathogenic microorganisms for growth factors (space and nutrients). The purpose of this review is to highlight the biological control potential of fungal species with antifungal properties against different fungal plant pathogens. We focused on the introduction, biology, isolation, identification of endophytic fungi, and their antifungal activity against fungal plant pathogens. The endosymbionts have developed specific genes that exhibited endophytic behavior and demonstrated defensive responses against pathogens such as antibiosis, parasitism, lytic enzyme and competition, siderophore production, and indirect responses by induced systemic resistance (ISR) in the host plant. Finally, different microscopic detection techniques to study microbial interactions (endophytic and pathogenic fungal interactions) in host plants are briefly discussed.
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48
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Pan X, Li T, Liao C, Zhu Y, Yang M. The influences of fungal endophytes inoculation on the biochemical status of grape cells of different varieties in vitro. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (TOKYO, JAPAN) 2022; 39:335-343. [PMID: 37283619 PMCID: PMC10240921 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.22.0730a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic patterns of grape cells can be specifically shaped by different strains of dual-cultured fungal endophytes. In this work, a solid co-culture system was furtherly proposed to illustrate the different impacts of endophytic fungi on the biochemical status of grape cells of different varieties. By measuring the metabolic impacts of contact fungal endophytes on grape cells of the varieties 'Rose honey' (RH) and 'Cabernet sauvignon' (CS), we observed that most of the fungal strains used had promoting effects on grape cellular biochemistry parameters. Compared with the control, inoculation with most of the fungal strains increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activities as well as the total flavonoid (TF) and total phenolics (TPh) contents in both types of grape cells. Among the tested strains, RH34, RH49 and MDR36 had relatively stronger biochemical impacts on grape cells. More interestingly, in addition to the varietal specificity, a certain degree of fungal genus specificity was also observed during the metabolic interactions between fungal endophytes and grape cells, as fungal endophytes from the same genus tended to be clustered into the same group based on the affected biochemical traits. This work revealed the differential biochemical status effects of fungal endophytes on different varietal grape cells and raised the possibility of reshaping grape qualities by applying endophytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Pan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Tong Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Changmei Liao
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
| | - Youyong Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Agro-biodiversity and Pest Control of Ministry of Education, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Mingzhi Yang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China
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49
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Reveglia P, Billones-Baaijens R, Savocchia S. Phytotoxic Metabolites Produced by Fungi Involved in Grapevine Trunk Diseases: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3382. [PMID: 36501420 PMCID: PMC9736528 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs), caused by fungal pathogens, are a serious threat to vineyards worldwide, causing significant yield and economic loss. To date, curative methods are not available for GTDs, and the relationship between the pathogen and symptom expression is poorly understood. Several plant pathologists, molecular biologists, and chemists have been investigating different aspects of the pathogenicity, biochemistry, and chemical ecology of the fungal species involved in GTDs. Many studies have been conducted to investigate virulence factors, including the chemical characterization of phytotoxic metabolites (PMs) that assist fungi in invading and colonizing crops such as grapevines. Moreover, multidisciplinary studies on their role in pathogenicity, symptom development, and plant-pathogen interactions have also been carried out. The aim of the present review is to provide an illustrative overview of the biological and chemical characterization of PMs produced by fungi involved in Eutypa dieback, Esca complex, and Botryosphaeria dieback. Moreover, multidisciplinary investigations on host-pathogen interactions, including those using cutting-edge Omics techniques, will also be reviewed and discussed. Finally, challenges and opportunities in the role of PMs for reliable field diagnosis and control of GTDs in vineyards will also be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandra Savocchia
- Gulbali Institute, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Locked Bag 588, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
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50
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Chen KL, Sun SF, Cao HY, Yi C, Yang CY, Liu YB. Two sydowic acid derivatives and a sulfonyl metabolite from the endophytic fungus Aspergillus sydowii. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2022; 24:1128-1133. [PMID: 36036174 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2022.2114464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two new sydowic acid derivatives, a pair of enantiomers, involving (+)-sydowiccal (1a) and (-)-sydowiccal (1b), a new sulfonyl metabolite of 2-methoxy-5-methyl-3-(methylsulfonyl)phenol (2), as well as three known sydowic acid derivatives, were isolated from Aspergillus sydowii, an endophytic fungus of Rhododendron mole. The structures of these new compounds were elucidated by analyzing their NMR and HRESIMS data, and the absolute configurations of enantiomers were determined on the basis of the CD spectrum. Three new metabolites showed weak anti-inflammation on nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Sen-Feng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hai-Yan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Cheng Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chen-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yun-Bao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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