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Pitchika GK, Naik BK, Ramana GVV, Nirupama R, Ranjani TS, Venkaiah K, Reddy MH, Sainath SB, Pradeepkiran JA. Transcriptomic profile in carbendazim-induced developmental defects in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos/larvae. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 280:109907. [PMID: 38522711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Carbendazim is a widely used fungicide to protect agricultural and horticultural crops against a wide array of fungal species. Published reports have shown that the wide usage of carbendazim resulted in reprotoxicity, carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity, and developmental toxicity in mammalian models. However, studies related to the developmental toxicity of carbendazim in aquatic organisms are not clear. To address this gap, an attempt was made by exposing zebrafish embryos to carbendazim (800 μg/L) and assessing the phenotypic and transcriptomic profile at different developmental stages [24 hour post fertilization (hpf), 48 hpf, 72 hpf and 96 hpf). At 48 hpf, phenotypic abnormalities such as delay in hatching rate, deformed spinal axial curvature, and pericardial edema were observed in zebrafish larvae over its respective controls. At 72 hpf, exposure of zebrafish embryos exposed to carbendazim resulted in scoliosis; however, unexposed larvae did not exhibit signs of scoliosis. Interestingly, the transcriptomic analysis revealed a total of 1253 DEGs were observed at selected time points, while unique genes at 24 hpf, 48 hpf, 72 hpf and 96 hpf was found to be 76.54 %, 61.14 %, 92.98 %, and 68.28 %, respectively. Functional profiling of downregulated genes revealed altered transcriptomic markers associated with phototransduction (24 hpf and 72 hpf), immune system (48 hpf), and SNARE interactions in the vesicular pathway (96 hpf). Whereas functional profiling of upregulated genes revealed altered transcriptomic markers associated with riboflavin metabolism (24 hpf), basal transcription factors (48 hpf), insulin signaling pathway (72 hpf), and primary bile acid biosynthesis (96 hpf). Taken together, carbendazim-induced developmental toxicity could be ascribed to pleiotropic responses at the molecular level, which in turn might reflect phenotypic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopi Krishna Pitchika
- Department of Zoology, Vikrama Simhapuri University College, Kavali 524201, A.P., India.
| | - B Krishna Naik
- Department of Zoology, Vikrama Simhapuri University College, Kavali 524201, A.P., India
| | - G V V Ramana
- Department of Zoology, Vikrama Simhapuri University College, Kavali 524201, A.P., India
| | - R Nirupama
- Department of Zoology, Vikrama Simhapuri University College, Kavali 524201, A.P., India
| | - T Sri Ranjani
- Department of Zoology, D.K. Govt. College for Women (A), Dargamitta, Nellore 524003, A.P., India
| | - K Venkaiah
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524324, A.P., India
| | - M Hanuma Reddy
- Department of Marine Biology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524324, A.P., India
| | - S B Sainath
- Department of Biotechnology, Vikrama Simhapuri University, Nellore 524324, A.P., India.
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Hawkey AB, Shekey N, Dean C, Asrat H, Koburov R, Holloway ZR, Kullman SW, Levin ED. Developmental exposure to pesticides that disrupt retinoic acid signaling causes persistent retinoid and behavioral dysfunction in zebrafish. Toxicol Sci 2024; 198:246-259. [PMID: 38237923 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Early developmental exposure to environmental toxicants may play a role in the risk for developing autism. A variety of pesticides have direct effects on retinoic acid (RA) signaling and as RA signaling has important roles in neurodevelopment, such compounds may cause developmental neurotoxicity through an overlapping adverse outcome pathway. It is hypothesized that a pesticide's embryonic effects on retinoid function may correspond with neurobehavioral disruption later in development. In the current studies, we determined the effects of RA-acting pesticides on neurobehavioral development in zebrafish. Buprofezin and imazalil caused generalized hypoactivity in the larval motility test, whereas chlorothalonil and endosulfan I led to selective hypoactivity and hyperactivity, respectively. With buprofezin, chlorothalonil, and imazalil, hypoactivity and/or novel anxiety-like behaviors persisted in adulthood and buprofezin additionally decreased social attraction responses in adulthood. Endosulfan I did not produce significant adult behavioral effects. Using qPCR analyses of adult brain tissue, we observed treatment-induced alterations in RA synthesis or catabolic genes, indicating persistent changes in RA homeostasis. These changes were compound-specific, with respect to expression directionality, and potential patterns of homeostatic disruption. Results suggest the likely persistence of disruptions in RA signaling well into adulthood and may represent compensatory mechanisms following early life stage exposures. This study demonstrates that early developmental exposure to environmental toxicants that interfere with RA signaling causes short as well as long-term behavioral disruption in a well-established zebrafish behavioral model and expand upon the meaning of the RA adverse outcome pathway, indicating that observed effects likely correspond with the nature of underlying homeostatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B Hawkey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, Illinois 60515, USA
| | - Nathan Shekey
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
| | - Cassandra Dean
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Helina Asrat
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Reese Koburov
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Zade R Holloway
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
| | - Seth W Kullman
- Toxicology Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
| | - Edward D Levin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA
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Silva ARR, Silva PV, Soares AR, González-Alcaraz MN, van Gestel CAM, Roelofs D, Moura G, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. Daphnia magna Multigeneration Exposure to Carbendazim: Gene Transcription Responses. TOXICS 2023; 11:918. [PMID: 37999570 PMCID: PMC10674461 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11110918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The world population is experiencing colossal growth and thus demand for food, leading to an increase in the use of pesticides. Persistent pesticide contamination, such as carbendazim, remains a pressing environmental concern, with potentially long-term impacts on aquatic ecosystems. In the present study, Daphnia magna was exposed to carbendazim (5 µg L-1) for 12 generations, with the aim of assessing gene transcription alterations induced by carbendazim (using a D. magna custom microarray). The results showed that carbendazim caused changes in genes involved in the response to stress, DNA replication/repair, neurotransmission, ATP production, and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism at concentrations already found in the environment. These outcomes support the results of previous studies, in which carbendazim induced genotoxic effects and reproduction impairment (increasing the number of aborted eggs with the decreasing number of neonates produced). The exposure of daphnids to carbendazim did not cause a stable change in gene transcription between generations, with more genes being differentially expressed in the F0 generation than in the F12 generation. This could show some possible daphnid acclimation after 12 generations and is aligned with previous multigenerational studies where few ecotoxicological effects at the individual and populational levels and other subcellular level effects (e.g., biochemical biomarkers) were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita R. Silva
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.V.S.); (A.M.V.M.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Patrícia V. Silva
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.V.S.); (A.M.V.M.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Ana Raquel Soares
- Department of Medical Sciences & Institute for Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (G.M.)
| | - M. Nazaret González-Alcaraz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering of the E.T.S.I.A., Technical University of Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Spain;
| | - Cornelis A. M. van Gestel
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (C.A.M.v.G.); (D.R.)
| | - Dick Roelofs
- Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment (A-LIFE), Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (C.A.M.v.G.); (D.R.)
- Keygene N.V., Agro Business Park 90, 6708 PW Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gabriela Moura
- Department of Medical Sciences & Institute for Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.R.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Amadeu M. V. M. Soares
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.V.S.); (A.M.V.M.S.); (S.L.)
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (P.V.S.); (A.M.V.M.S.); (S.L.)
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Le TDH, Pham LH, Dinh QT, Le TMT, Tram NTB. Land Use Influencing the Distribution of Pesticides in Surface Water: The Case of the Ma River and Its Tributaries in Thanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2023; 85:290-301. [PMID: 37515646 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-023-01018-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide residues are regularly found in surface water, which could be dangerous for freshwater ecosystems and biodiversity. Pesticides may enter waters through a variety of pathways, but runoff from irrigation or precipitation has the highest quantities. Previous studies analyzing the pesticides pollution or ecological risks of pesticides focused on few regions (e.g., European and United States), whereas analysis of pesticide pollution in Southeast Asia and especially in Vietnam is limited. This study presents an investigation of banned pesticides used across the range of land use in catchments of the Ma river and its tributaries in Thanh Hoa province, Vietnam. Applying principal component analysis (PCA), we investigated the relationship between specific pesticides and land use. Besides, cluster analysis (CA), the method of aggregating monitoring locations, was applied in this study to find spatial pattern of pesticides pollution. Due to their persistence and remobilization during floods and runoff, all ten banned pesticides-eight insecticides (aldrin/dieldrin, BHC, chlordane, endrin, heptachlor, lindane, malathion, and parathion) and two herbicides (paraquat, and 2,4D)-still remain in surface water and are not presumably influenced by the fraction of land use area in the catchments. Clustering results revealed that banned pesticides still occur in some areas. Site TH08 close to Le Mon industrial zone and TH18 in Thanh Hoa city have higher concentrations of banned pesticides than other sites due to their highly toxic and long-time existence in the environment. Overall, our study provides approach to investigate pesticides in surface water for a province in Vietnam that may be used for future ecotoxicological studies to enhance risk assessment for stream ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trong Dieu Hien Le
- Faculty of Resources and Environment, University of Thu Dau Mot, 06 Tran Van On Street, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong, Vietnam.
| | - Luan Hong Pham
- National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Quang Toan Dinh
- Department of Science and Technology of Thanh Hoa, Thanh Hoa, 400570, Vietnam
| | - Tran Minh Thao Le
- Program of Urban Planning, Faculty of Architecture, University of Thu Dau Mot, 06 Tran Van On Street, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Bich Tram
- Institute of Applied Technology, University of Thu Dau Mot, 06 Tran Van On Street, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong, Vietnam
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Illatou OEFM, Spinelli S, Avezac M, Bertrand M, Gonzalez C, Vinches M. Occurrences, distribution and risk assessment of polar pesticides in Niger River valley and its tributary the Mekrou River (Niger Republic). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:20804-20820. [PMID: 36260229 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23526-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The increase in food needs due to high population growth in Niger has led to the intensification of urban agriculture and the increased use of pesticides. The objective of this study is primarily to assess the polar pesticide contamination (mainly herbicides) of the Niger River and its tributary, the Mekrou River, in Niger, using both grab sampling and POCIS (Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers), and then to evaluate the risk to the aquatic environment. Two water sampling campaigns were carried out during the wet and dry seasons. The polar pesticides were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, which allowed the identification of compounds with concentrations in the grab samples above the WHO guide values and the EU directive: diuron with 2221 ng/L (EU quality guideline: 200 ng/L), atrazine with 742 ng/L (EU quality guideline: 600 ng/L) and acetochlor with 238 ng/L (EU quality guideline: 100 ng/L). The risk assessment study indicated that diuron and atrazine present a high risk for the aquatic environment during the wet season. The main source of water contamination is the intensive use of pesticides in urban agriculture near the city of Niamey, and the intensive cotton farming in the Benin. Moreover, the surveys (30 producers interviewed) showed that 70% of the pesticides used are not approved by the Interstate Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel (CILSS) and some are prohibited in Niger. The inventory of pesticides sold in the zone showed that active ingredients used by producers are 48% insecticides, 45% herbicides, and 7% fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oumar El Farouk Maman Illatou
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, IRD, CNRS, Ales, France, IMT Mines Alès, 6 av. de Clavières, 30319, Alès cedex, France.
- Département de Géologie, Faculté de Sciences Et Techniques, Université Abdou Moumouni, BP 10662, Niamey, Niger.
| | - Sylvie Spinelli
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, IRD, CNRS, Ales, France, IMT Mines Alès, 6 av. de Clavières, 30319, Alès cedex, France
| | - Murielle Avezac
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, IRD, CNRS, Ales, France, IMT Mines Alès, 6 av. de Clavières, 30319, Alès cedex, France
| | - Marine Bertrand
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, IRD, CNRS, Ales, France, IMT Mines Alès, 6 av. de Clavières, 30319, Alès cedex, France
| | - Catherine Gonzalez
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, IRD, CNRS, Ales, France, IMT Mines Alès, 6 av. de Clavières, 30319, Alès cedex, France
| | - Marc Vinches
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, IRD, CNRS, Ales, France, IMT Mines Alès, 6 av. de Clavières, 30319, Alès cedex, France
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Neto DMA, da Costa LS, Sousa CP, Becker H, Casciano PN, Nascimento HO, Neto JRB, de Lima-Neto P, Nascimento RF, Guedes JA, de Oliveira RC, Zampieri D, Correia AN, Fechine PB. Functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles for electrochemical sensing of carbendazim. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Temizyurek-Arslan M, Karacetin E. Assessing the environmental impacts of organic and conventional mixed vegetable production based on the life cycle assessment approach. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2022; 18:1733-1746. [PMID: 35332683 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess the environmental impacts and the energy efficiency of organic and conventional vegetable production in Palas Basin, Kayseri, Turkey. Three organic and three conventional farmers representing the vegetable production in the region participated in face-to-face questionnaires. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was implemented to assess the global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication potential (EP), acidification potential (AP), and energy use, which were selected as environmental impact potentials. Additionally, the environmental risk assessment was conducted to understand the impact of pesticide use in the region. Six farmers were investigated individually, and it was found that all of the farmers had a common cultivation calendar, but there were differences in the application. Particularly, mineral fertilizer use and irrigation were excessive in some agricultural practices. Although the use of N- and P-based mineral fertilizers was one of the main differences between organic and conventional farming, irrigation was a common practice. Irrigation, the most influential practice, elevated not only water consumption but also EP, AP, and GWP as a result of electricity consumption by electrical pumps. Electricity consumption from irrigation contributed to the GWP most, and this value was in the range of 45%-95%. Mineral fertilizer use covered up to 40% of the EP, 31% of the GWP, and 37% of the AP for conventional farmers. Three different scenarios were developed to reduce the environmental impacts of the use of excessive mineral fertilizer and irrigation. The developed scenarios recommended the reductions by 38%, 44%, 25%, and 60% in GWP, EP, AP, and total energy inputs, respectively. This study demonstrates that LCA is beneficial in determining the environmental impact of hotspots in vegetable production and allows the development of different solutions to mitigate environmental impacts for agricultural sustainability. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2022;18:1733-1746. © 2022 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evrim Karacetin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Santos VS, Anjos JSX, de Medeiros JF, Montagner CC. Impact of agricultural runoff and domestic sewage discharge on the spatial-temporal occurrence of emerging contaminants in an urban stream in São Paulo, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:637. [PMID: 35922699 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10288-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ribeirão das Pedras, a 10-km-long stream from the source to mouth, is part of a predominantly urban catchment located in Campinas metropolitan area in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and it is also surrounded by sugarcane farms. Monthly sampling of 31 selected emerging contaminants (ECs) was conducted for 1 year (October 2018 to October 2019) in five points, including the spring, agricultural, and urban areas, to assess the dynamics and impact of ECs on the stream. The ECs were quantified using LC-MS/MS analysis. Out of the 31 ECs monitored in this study, 13 were detected in the Ribeirão das Pedras catchment, which were mainly pesticides and caffeine. Eight ECs (hexazinone, malathion, desethylatrazine (DEA), desisopropylatrazine (DIA), fipronil, ametryn, 2-hidroxyatrazine, and diuron) were detected with risk quotients higher than 1, indicating some level of environmental concern. Statistical analyses showed that caffeine, hexazinone, atrazine, DEA, and DIA were the most statistically important contaminants in temporal analysis, with caffeine concentrations varying randomly. Hexazinone, atrazine, DIA, and DEA concentrations increased from November 2018 to January 2019, and atrazine, hexazinone, and DEA concentrations increased from June 2019 to September 2019. Spatial analysis indicates that the spring of Ribeirão das Pedras is the only statistically different sampling point, with lower concentrations of EC. Points 3 and 5, both located in urban areas next to the stream's mouth, differ from each other due to the possible dilution of caffeine downstream of point 3 and domestic sewage discharge upstream of point 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius S Santos
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, CP, 6154, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Juliana S X Anjos
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, CP, 6154, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Jéssyca F de Medeiros
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, CP, 6154, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Cassiana C Montagner
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, CP, 6154, 13083-970, Brazil.
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Coria J, Elgueta S. Towards safer use of pesticides in Chile. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22785-22797. [PMID: 35099697 PMCID: PMC8979876 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18843-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Coria
- Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Elgueta
- Núcleo de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Ciencias Veterinarias Y Agronómicas, Universidad de Las Americas, Sede Providencia, Santiago, Chile
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Pérez-Villanueva ME, Chin-Pampillo JS, Aguilar-Mora P, Guzmán AP, Masís-Mora M, Arias-Mora V, Ramírez-Morales D. An integrative water quality evaluation in two surface water bodies from a tropical agricultural region in Cartago, Costa Rica. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:21968-21980. [PMID: 34773582 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17283-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A monitoring study was carried out in two micro-catchments in the Reventazón basin, in Northern Cartago, Costa Rica; pesticide occurrence and water quality were analyzed. Twelve pesticides were detected, five insecticides (chlorpyrifos, carbofuran, cypermethrin, imidacloprid, and oxamyl), four fungicides (carbendazim, imazalil, metalaxyl, and thiabendazole), and three herbicides (diuron, linuron, and terbutryn); eight of them presented risk quotients RQ >1, which implies a high risk for the environment. The water quality evaluation included fourteen physicochemical and microbiological parameters, out of which thermotolerant coliforms, nitrate, and total phosphorus exceeded a selected threshold value in every sample. Five metals were also included in the evaluation, Pb was the most frequent, followed by few detections of Cd, Cu, and Cr. Four water quality indexes (WQIs) were applied, two of them, the CCME WQI, based on physicochemical parameters, and the BMWP-CR WQI, based on benthic macroinvertebrate recount adapted to Costa Rican species, categorized all the sampling points as "bad" and "very bad" quality. This work of monitoring is important in the Latin American region, where there is a lack of information for regulation improvement and management decisions. These results showed poor management of the micro-catchments in this agricultural rural area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta E Pérez-Villanueva
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica.
| | - Juan S Chin-Pampillo
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Paula Aguilar-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Ana P Guzmán
- Área de Acueductos, Municipalidad de Cartago, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Mario Masís-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Víctor Arias-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Didier Ramírez-Morales
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
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Balashova N, Hiscock KM, Reid BJ, Reynolds R. Trends in metaldehyde concentrations and fluxes in a lowland, semi-agricultural catchment in the UK (2008-2018). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 795:148858. [PMID: 34237530 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metaldehyde, a widely used molluscicide, is one of the most commonly detected pesticides in aquatic environments in the UK. In this study, metaldehyde concentrations and fluxes in stream water over a ten-year period (2008-2018) are reported for the River Colne catchment (Essex, southeast England), and the influence of hydrological conditions and application regimes are assessed. In general, peaks in metaldehyde concentration in river water occasionally exceeded 0.25 μg L-1, and concentrations did not typically exceed the European Union Drinking Water Directive (EU DWD) regulatory limit of 0.1 μg L-1. Metaldehyde concentration peaks displayed a seasonal pattern. Metaldehyde concentrations during periods when the molluscicide was not applied to agricultural land (January, July) and during the spring-summer application period (February to June) were generally low (0.01-0.03 μg L-1). Peaks in metaldehyde concentration mainly occurred during the autumn-winter application season (August to December), and were typically associated with high intensity hydrological regimes (daily rainfall ≥10 mm; stream flow up to 18 m3 s-1). Where metaldehyde concentrations exceeded the EU DWD regulatory limit, this was short-lived. The annual flux at the top of the Colne catchment (0.2-0.6 kg a-1) tended to be lower than in the middle of the catchment (0.3-1.4 kg a-1), with maximum flux values observed at the bottom of the catchment (0.5-25.8 kg a-1). Metaldehyde losses from point of application to surface water varied between 0.01 and 0.25%, with a maximum of 1.18% (2012). Annual flux was primarily controlled by the annual precipitation and stream flow (R2 = 0.9) rather than annual metaldehyde use (kg active applied). Precipitation explained 37% and 81% of variability in metaldehyde concentration and flux, respectively. Annual ranges in metaldehyde concentration were greater in the years 2012 and 2014 with an overall reduction in the range of metaldehyde concentrations evident over the period 2015-2018. It is the expectation that metaldehyde concentrations in stream water will continue to decrease following the withdrawal of metaldehyde for outdoor use in the UK from March 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Balashova
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
| | - Kevin M Hiscock
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Brian J Reid
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Richard Reynolds
- Catchment, Coastal and Biodiversity Management Team, Anglian Water Services Ltd., Thorpe Wood House, Peterborough PE3 6WT, UK
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12
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Impact of water matrix and oxidant agent on the solar assisted photodegradation of a complex mix of pesticides over titania-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposites. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2021.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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13
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Vera-Candioti J, Araujo PI, Huerga IR, Rojas DE, Cristos DS, Malmantile AD. Pesticides detected in surface and groundwater from agroecosystems in the Pampas region of Argentina: occurrence and ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2021; 193:689. [PMID: 34601623 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09462-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of pesticides in surface and groundwater of agricultural areas of the Pampas region of Argentina and to develop an ecological risk assessment (ERA) of pesticides in freshwater ecosystems. Eight agricultural sites from south Santa Fe province, in the north of the Pampas region, were sampled seven times between 2016 and 2018. Pesticides were analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-LC/MS). Twenty compounds among herbicides, insecticides and fungicides in 84% and 79% of groundwater and surface water samples, respectively, were detected. Atrazine was the most ubiquitous pesticide, following by metolachlor, acetochlor and glyphosate, with maximum concentrations of 28, 24, 77 and 111 µg/L, respectively. An ERA was performed by employing the risk quotient (RQ) method. Atrazine, azoxystrobin, pirimiphos-methyl, acetochlor and epoxiconazole posed a high and very high risk for aquatic organisms (RQ > 1) and glyphosate, metolachlor and 2,4-D exhibited negligible to medium risk. The herbicides were the major contributors to risk. This study is the first contribution on the presence and concentration of pesticides in surface and groundwater from agricultural areas of south Santa Fe province, north Pampas region, Argentina, and a starting point for pesticide ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Vera-Candioti
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Agencia de Extensión Rural Venado Tuerto, Venado Tuerto, Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Patricia Inés Araujo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas Y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Roberto Huerga
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Agencia de Extensión Rural Venado Tuerto, Venado Tuerto, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Dante Emanuel Rojas
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto Tecnología de los Alimentos, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Sebastián Cristos
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Instituto Tecnología de los Alimentos, Hurlingham (1686), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alberto David Malmantile
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Agencia de Extensión Rural Venado Tuerto, Venado Tuerto, Santa Fe, Argentina
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14
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Wang C, Ye D, Li X, Jia Y, Zhao L, Liu S, Xu J, Du J, Tian L, Li J, Shen J, Xia X. Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in bottled water and assessment of the associated risks. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106651. [PMID: 34033976 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of 187 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) was investigated in bottled water samples (35 and 33 from Chinese and foreign brands, respectively). Forty-four compounds belonging to 14 PPCP categories were detected in 56 of the 68 bottled water samples. Further, more than 35% of water samples contained at least three PPCPs, and in one particular sample, 11 different PPCPs were detected. Macrolides constituted the most prevalent PPCP category, and salbutamol, erythromycin, and azithromycin showed the highest detection frequency (17.6%). The thermal stabilities of the 187 PPCPs were determined, and the results obtained showed that only 35 out of the 187 compounds were degraded by more than 50% after boiling for 5 min. Even though the risk quotients (RQs) of detected PPCPs showed low risk levels, the RQs of 13 compounds with RQs ≥ 0.0001 were 2-4 fold higher in infants than in other life stages. Moreover, further studies are necessary to evaluate the toxicity of PPCP mixtures, the effects of PPCPs on human intestinal microbiota, and their risk of induction of drug-resistant bacteria and drug-resistant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongyang Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanbo Jia
- AB SCIEX Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Beijing 100015, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Saiwa Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jian Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lu Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xi Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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15
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Casallanovo F, Simone DM, Santos GS, de Oliveira Kaminski TS, Cione AP, Peranginangin N. Estimating pesticide environmental concentrations in Latin America: The importance of developing local scenarios. INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT 2021; 17:901-904. [PMID: 33491862 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Data to assess pesticide exposure in soil and water are scarce and unevenly distributed in Latin America, especially due to the size of the region and the vast agricultural landscape. This makes it difficult to assess associated environmental risks. We suggest that the lack of pesticide exposure or monitoring data can be addressed by using validated models to provide estimated pesticide exposure concentrations in soil and water bodies. This exposure modeling approach has been used by regulatory agencies in other countries and regions such as the United States, Canada, and the European Union. In order to properly estimate pesticide exposure concentrations, we advocate for the development of local scenarios containing local weather, soil, and crop data to be used in the existing models. A sensitivity analysis of the models can be performed to determine parameters that are sensitive and therefore inputs to these parameters are derived locally. We believe the development of local scenarios in the region is attainable and can be a pragmatic approach for developing a more comprehensive picture of potential pesticide exposure in the region. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2021;17:901-904. © 2021 Syngenta Proteção de Cultivos Ltda.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Paola Cione
- Syngenta Proteção de Cultivos Ltda, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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16
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Zhang J, Guo T, Xiao Q, Wang P, Tian H. Effect of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy acetic acid on tomato gene expression and rhizosphere bacterial communities under inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125767. [PMID: 33845264 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy acetic acid (MCPA) is widely used to control the spread of broad-leaved weeds in agricultural soils, though it remains unclear how tomato plants cope with the phytotoxic effects of MCPA at the molecular level. In this study, RNA-seq and Illumina MiSeq were used to sequence bacterial communities in tomato rhizosphere soils treated with MCPA and the phosphate-solubilizing bacterial strain N3. The results showed that MCPA induced abnormal growth of lateral roots in tomato seedlings and reduced uptake of the nutrients N, P, and K as well as the hormone (ABA and GA3) levels. Inoculation with strain N3 increased nutrient uptake by roots and increased levels of the hormones ABA, ZEA, and JA in tomato seedlings and also increased the abundance of the phyla Proteobacteria and Gemmatimonadetes in soil under MCPA treatment. GO functional groups in which differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are involved included DNA binding transcription factor activity, transcriptional regulator activity, enzyme inhibitor activity, and cell wall biogenesis. The highest numbers of DEGs are annotated to ribosome, photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism categories. Our findings provide valuable information for the application of strain N3, which is beneficial for reducing the toxic effect of MCPA on vegetable plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crops, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China.
| | - Tingting Guo
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China; School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, China
| | - Qingqing Xiao
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, 230601 Anhui Province, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crops, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hongmei Tian
- Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China; Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Ecophysiology of Horticultural Crops, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China
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17
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Ramírez-Morales D, Pérez-Villanueva ME, Chin-Pampillo JS, Aguilar-Mora P, Arias-Mora V, Masís-Mora M. Pesticide occurrence and water quality assessment from an agriculturally influenced Latin-American tropical region. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 262:127851. [PMID: 32781333 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A monitoring study was carried out in three agriculturally influenced microcatchments in Costa Rica during 2012-2014, for pesticides and water quality parameters. A total of 42 pesticides were analyzed, detecting the following in water samples: two herbicides (oxyfluorfen, diuron), four insecticides (carbofuran, chlorpyrifos, oxamyl, ethion), and two fungicides (thiabendazole, carbendazim); while in sediment samples only the insecticides, chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin were found. Water quality was also assessed by the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index and the National Sanitation Water Quality Index, the first one classified most of the sampling point as marginal and poor quality while the second one classified most of them as good quality, the most affected parameters were nitrate, phosphorous, suspended solids and organic matter content. The results suggest that the water quality in the microcatchments seems to be affected by the nearby agricultural and urban activities in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didier Ramírez-Morales
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Marta E Pérez-Villanueva
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica.
| | - Juan S Chin-Pampillo
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Paula Aguilar-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Víctor Arias-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mario Masís-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
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18
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Götte JY, Carrizo JC, Panzeri AM, Amé MV, Menone ML. Sublethal effects of carbendazim in Jenynsia multidentata detected by a battery of molecular, biochemical and genetic biomarkers. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111157. [PMID: 32829211 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The fungicide carbendazim (CBM) has been applied all around the world but its potential adverse effects other than its recognized activity as endocrine disruptor in non target organisms have been scarcely studied. The aims of this work were (1) to use a battery of biomarkers that can reflect potential negative effects such as oxidative stress, genotoxicity, neurotoxicity or altered immune response; and (2) to examine biomarkers of detoxification by analyzing the gene expression of cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and the multi-xenobiotic resistance protein P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in the freshwater fish Jenynsia multidentata exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of CBM during 24 h. Fish exposed to 5 μg/L showed inhibition of GST activity and an increase of TBARs contents in gills, the organ of direct contact with waterborne contaminants. Genotoxicity - measured in peripheral blood-was evidenced by the increases of micronuclei frequency when fish were exposed to 5, 10 and 100 μg/L CBM and of nuclear abnormalities (NA) frequency at 0.05, 0.5, 5, 10 and 100 μg/L CBM. The expression inhibition of interleukin (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor a (TNF-α) at 10, and 5 and 10 μg/L CBM, respectively, indicated an altered immune response. The expression of CYP1A1 was down regulated in liver at 10 μg/L and of P-gp at 5 μg/L CBM, indicating a possible slow on CBM metabolization. On the other hand, in gills CYP1A1 decreased at 5 and 10 μg/L while P-gp was induced at 5 and 100 μg/L CBM. Overall, most of these significant effects were detected below 10 μg/L CBM, in a range of realistic concentrations in aquatic ecosystems worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesica Y Götte
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Marinas, Mar Del Plata, Argentina
| | - Juan Cruz Carrizo
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dto. Bioquímica Clínica-CIBICI, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana M Panzeri
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMYC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar Del Plata (CONICET- UNMdP), Dean Funes 3350, 7600, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Valeria Amé
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Dto. Bioquímica Clínica-CIBICI, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Mirta L Menone
- Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMYC), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Mar Del Plata (CONICET- UNMdP), Dean Funes 3350, 7600, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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19
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Luna-Sanguino G, Ruíz-Delgado A, Tolosana-Moranchel A, Pascual L, Malato S, Bahamonde A, Faraldos M. Solar photocatalytic degradation of pesticides over TiO 2-rGO nanocomposites at pilot plant scale. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:140286. [PMID: 32783863 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two TiO2-rGO nanocomposites were prepared by hydrothermal method from commercial TiO2 (P25 and Hombikat UV100, HBK). In both cases TiO2 nanoparticles appeared intimate and homogeneously distributed on rGO surface, but forming a dense network in P25-rGO nanocomposite, and a more open structure in HBK-rGO. Zeta potential and particle size distribution favored the ease of HBK-rGO nanocomposite to form stable suspensions. A comparative analysis of these two photocatalysts was performed on the pilot plant scale solar assisted photodegradation of a 200 μg·L-1 or 5 mg·L-1 mixture of persistent and biorecalcitrant pollutants in deionized water (methomyl, pyrimethanil, isoproturon and alachlor, all used as pesticides). Complete removal of pesticides was achieved, though faster with P25-rGO when O2 was the oxidant. However, the use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) dosage as oxidant speeded up pesticides removal, but HBK-rGO performance resulted much improved. Finally, at realistic very low concentrations of 200 μgeach pesticide·L-1, the complete removal of pesticides was achieved at very short times (<25 min), showing the efficiency of the synthetized TiO2-rGO nanocomposites in this pilot-plat scale solar process to mitigate refractory and biorecalcitrant contaminants on effluents as a sustainable and efficient process.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Luna-Sanguino
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, ICP-CSIC, Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Ruíz-Delgado
- Plataforma Solar de Almería (CIEMAT), Carretera de Senés, km. 4, Tabernas, Almería 04200, Spain
| | - A Tolosana-Moranchel
- Nanotechnology and Integrated BioEngineering Centre, Ulster University, Jordanstown Campus, Shore Road, Newtownabbey, Belfast BT37 0QB, United Kingdom
| | - L Pascual
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, ICP-CSIC, Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Malato
- Plataforma Solar de Almería (CIEMAT), Carretera de Senés, km. 4, Tabernas, Almería 04200, Spain
| | - A Bahamonde
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, ICP-CSIC, Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Faraldos
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, ICP-CSIC, Marie Curie 2, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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20
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Leão MB, Gonçalves DF, Miranda GM, da Paixão GMX, Dalla Corte CL. Toxicological evaluation of the herbicide Palace® in Drosophila melanogaster. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:1172-1185. [PMID: 31875774 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1709109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila melanogaster is a suitable model for toxicological studies of environmental pollutants including pesticides, which are known to produce adverse effects on the ecosystem. The aim of the present study was to investigate the adverse influence of the pesticide Palace®, a mixture of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and picloram, using D. melanogaster as a model organism. D. melanogaster larvae were exposed to 0.011%, 0.022%, 0.112%, 0.224%, and 1.12% of Palace® and development examined. Adult flies were treated with 0.224%, 1.12%, 2.24%, 11.2%, and 22.4% of Palace® and the following analyzed survival, locomotor behavior, acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, total and non-protein thiol levels, and mitochondrial function. Data demonstrated that exposure of flies during larval stage to Palace® significantly affected development of larvae to the adult stage. In adults, treatment with Palace® resulted in dose-dependent progressive adverse effects on survival and behavior with males more sensitive than females. In both males and females, ROS production and AchE activity were not markedly affected by Palace®. However, total thiol levels increased in female heads treated with highest dilution of Palace®, while decreased levels of non-protein thiols were detected in heads of male flies following Palace® exposure. In females and males flies exposed to Palace® reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption related to oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) state, mitochondrial capacity of excess (E-P) and respiratory control ratio (RCR) was noted, indicating that the pesticide mixture altered mitochondrial complexes functionality with consequences on bioenergetics. In summary, Palace® exposure produced adverse effects on D. melanogaster affecting survival, development, behavior and mitochondrial function, which may exert ecotoxicological consequences which poses risks to different organisms in the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara B Leão
- Department of Biology, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Caçapava do Sul, Caçapava do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Débora F Gonçalves
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Miranda
- Department of Biology, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Caçapava do Sul, Caçapava do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Giovanna M X da Paixão
- Department of Biology, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Caçapava do Sul, Caçapava do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane L Dalla Corte
- Department of Biology, Universidade Federal do Pampa - Campus Caçapava do Sul, Caçapava do Sul, RS, Brazil
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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21
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Gouin N, Bertin A, Espinosa MI, Snow DD, Ali JM, Kolok AS. Pesticide contamination drives adaptive genetic variation in the endemic mayfly Andesiops torrens within a semi-arid agricultural watershed of Chile. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 255:113099. [PMID: 31600702 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Agrichemical contamination can provoke evolutionary responses in freshwater populations. It is a particularly relevant issue in semi-arid regions due to the sensitivity of endemic species to pollutants and to interactions with temperature stress. This paper investigates the presence of pesticides in rivers within a semi-arid agricultural watershed of Chile, testing for their effects on population genetic characteristics of the endemic mayfly Andesiops torrens (Insecta, Ephemeroptera). Pesticides were detected in sediment samples in ten out of the 30 sites analyzed throughout the upper part of the Limarí watershed. To study the evolutionary impact of such contamination on A. torrens, we used a genome-wide approach and analyzed 2056 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) loci in 551 individuals from all sites. Genetic differentiation was weak between populations, suggesting high gene flow across the study area. While we did not find evidence of pesticide effects on genetic diversity nor on population differentiation, the allele frequency of three outlier SNP loci correlated significantly with pesticide occurrence. Interrogation of genomic resources indicates that two of these SNPs are located within functional genes that encode for the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 and Dumpy, both potentially involved in insect cuticle resistance processes. Such genomic signatures of local adaptation are indicative of past adverse effects of pesticide exposure on the locally adapted populations. Our results reveal that A. torrens is sensitive to pesticide exposure, but that a high gene flow may confer resilience to contamination. This research supports the contention that A. torrens is an ideal model organism to study evolutionary responses induced by pesticides on non-target, endemic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Gouin
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, Raúl Bitrán, 1305, La Serena, Chile; Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad de La Serena, La Serena, Chile; Centro de Estudios Avanzados Zonas en Áridas, Raúl Bitrán, 1305, La Serena, Chile.
| | - Angéline Bertin
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, Raúl Bitrán, 1305, La Serena, Chile.
| | - Mara I Espinosa
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, Raúl Bitrán, 1305, La Serena, Chile.
| | - Daniel D Snow
- Nebraska Water Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0844, United States.
| | - Jonathan M Ali
- Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
| | - Alan S Kolok
- Idaho Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, 83844-3002, United States.
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22
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Climent MJ, Herrero-Hernández E, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Pedreros P, Urrutia R. Residues of pesticides and some metabolites in dissolved and particulate phase in surface stream water of Cachapoal River basin, central Chile. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:90-101. [PMID: 31071637 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In the last twenty years, pesticide use in Chile has increased more than 160%, generating a greater risk of water resources pollution. The objective of this study was to assess the presence of 22 pesticides and 12 degradation products in surface water samples from the Cachapoal River basin, Central Chile, an area characterized by intense agricultural activity. Pesticide concentrations in the dissolved phase (DP) and particulate phase (PP) in samples collected in the dry season and after precipitation events was assessed. The solid-phase extraction technique was used to preconcentrate the samples and GC/MS and LC/MS were used to detect pesticides. The results present spatio-temporal variations in the proportion and concentration of pesticides and their degradation products in both the DP and PP for each site and sampling period. The most ubiquitous compounds in the dissolved phase were atrazine, atrazine-2-hydroxy (HA), cyprodinil, pyrimethanil, and tebuconazole, while in the particulate phase HA, imidacloprid, diazinon and pyrimidinol were detected. The results presented in this study make up the first record of pesticides in the dissolved and particulate phases in surface water in Chile. They show that the problem of pesticide contamination undoubtedly affects the quality of bodies of water in agricultural areas in Chile and support the need for a proper assessment of the water quality of the Cachapoal River in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Climent
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences & EULA Center, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, 4030000, Concepción, Chile; Center for Water Resources for Agriculture and Mining (CRHIAM), Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 1295, 4030000, Concepción, Chile
| | - Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, c/ Cordel de Merinas, 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - María Jesús Sánchez-Martín
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, c/ Cordel de Merinas, 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, c/ Cordel de Merinas, 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Pablo Pedreros
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences & EULA Center, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, 4030000, Concepción, Chile; Center for Water Resources for Agriculture and Mining (CRHIAM), Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 1295, 4030000, Concepción, Chile
| | - Roberto Urrutia
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences & EULA Center, Universidad de Concepción, Barrio Universitario s/n, 4030000, Concepción, Chile; Center for Water Resources for Agriculture and Mining (CRHIAM), Universidad de Concepción, Victoria 1295, 4030000, Concepción, Chile
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23
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Silva ARR, Cardoso DN, Cruz A, Mendo S, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. Long-term exposure of Daphnia magna to carbendazim: how it affects toxicity to another chemical or mixture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:16289-16302. [PMID: 30980366 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic organisms might be exposed episodically or continuously to chemicals for long-term periods throughout their life span. Pesticides are one example of widely used chemicals and thus represent a potential hazard to aquatic organisms. In addition, these chemicals may be present simultaneously in the environment or as pulses, being difficult to predict accurately how their joint effects will take place. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate how Daphnia magna (clone k6) exposed throughout generations to a model pesticide (the fungicide carbendazim) would react upon an exposure to another chemical compound (triclosan) and to a mixture of both chemicals (carbendazim and triclosan). Responses of daphnids continuously exposed to carbendazim and kept in clean medium will be compared using immobilization tests and the comet assay (DNA integrity). The results showed that triclosan presented similar toxicity to daphnids exposed for 12 generations (F12) to carbendazim (similar 48-h-LC50 values for immobilization data), when compared with daphnids kept in clean medium. However, at subcellular level, daphnids previously exposed to carbendazim for 12 generations (F12) showed different responses than those from clean medium, presenting a higher toxicity; a general higher percentage of DNA damage was observed, after exposure to a range of concentrations of triclosan and to the binary combination of triclosan + carbendazim. The patterns of toxicity observed for the binary mixture triclosan + carbendazim were generally similar for daphnids in clean medium and daphnids exposed to carbendazim, with a dose level deviation with antagonism observed at low doses of the chemical mixture for the immobilization data and a dose ratio deviation with synergism mainly caused by triclosan for DNA damage. With this study, we contributed to the knowledge on long-term induced effects of carbendazim exposure, while looking at the organismal sensitivity to another chemical (triclosan) and to a mixture of carbendazim and triclosan using lethality as an endpoint at the individual level and DNA damage as a subcellular endpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita R Silva
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Diogo N Cardoso
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia Cruz
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia Mendo
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
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24
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Marco-Brown JL, Gaigneaux EM, Torres Sánchez RM, Dos Santos Afonso M. Adsorption of picloram on clays nontronite, illite and kaolinite: equilibrium and herbicide-clays surface complexes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2019; 54:281-289. [PMID: 30755089 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2018.1561055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The picloram (PCM) adsorption on nontronite, illite and kaolinite was studied at pH 3, 5 and 7. The adsorption isotherms had well-fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich models equations. The interactions of PCM with the clay mineral surfaces exhibited an anionic profile adsorption, with a decrease in adsorption when the pH increases. The PCM adsorption capacity increases in the following order: kaolinite < illite < nontronite. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of PCM-clay samples revealed that the picloram molecule does not enter into the clays basal space. The interaction of PCM with clays surface sites through nitrogen of the pyridine ring was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Due to the anionic form of PCM, the adsorption onto the external and edges surface sites of the clay minerals was proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Marco-Brown
- a Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, and CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), Ciudad Universitaria Pabellón II 3er Piso, Int. Güiraldes 2160 (C1428EHA) , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Eric M Gaigneaux
- b Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences (IMCN), Division Solids, Molecules and Reactivity (MOST) , Université Catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
| | - Rosa M Torres Sánchez
- c CONICET-CCT La Plata-CIC , CETMIC (Centro de Tecnología en Recursos Minerales y Cerámica) , M. B. Gonnet , Argentina
| | - María Dos Santos Afonso
- a Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, and CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), Ciudad Universitaria Pabellón II 3er Piso, Int. Güiraldes 2160 (C1428EHA) , Universidad de Buenos Aires , Buenos Aires , Argentina
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25
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Guo J, Deng D, Wang Y, Yu H, Shi W. Extended suspect screening strategy to identify characteristic toxicants in the discharge of a chemical industrial park based on toxicity to Daphnia magna. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:10-17. [PMID: 30195126 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With an increasing amount of industrial wastewater being discharged and the numerous chemicals existed in, methods to identify toxicants in such complex matrices are urgently needed for source control and quality management. In vivo toxicity to Daphnia magna was evaluated in the effluent of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). An extended suspect screening strategy was performed by bioassay-directed fractionation, accompanied with suspect screening of 228 suspect chemicals in toxic fractions based on their mass characteristics and chromatography characteristics. A toxicity evaluation of the original samples, organic components extracted by solid-phase extraction (SPE) and the filtered samples showed that organic compounds extracted by SPE were the main toxic components. Four of the 26 fractions of the organic extracts exhibited a toxic unit (TU) > 1.0, with hydrophobic organic compounds contributing most to the toxicity. Twenty-eight of the 228 suspects were identified in four toxic fractions, with 53.6% of the suspects elucidated by spectrum interpretation based on mass characteristics and 53.8% more false positive suspects removed based on chromatography characteristics. Finally, 6 pollutants, including imazalil, prometryn, propiconazole, tebuconazole, buprofezin and diazinon, were further confirmed and explained 48.79% of the observed toxicity. With 2.48 times more of the toxicity explained and 90% of the labor saved, the extended suspect screening strategy enabled more efficient and reliable identification compared to traditional quantitative analysis and non-target screening, especially for identification of characteristic toxicants in complex environmental matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Dongyang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Hongxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Jiangsu Environmental Monitoring Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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26
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Silva ARR, Santos CSA, Ferreira NGC, Morgado R, Cardoso DN, Cruz A, Mendo S, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. Multigenerational effects of carbendazim in Daphnia magna: From a subcellular to a population level. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2019; 38:412-422. [PMID: 30508263 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities such as the use of pesticides may affect aquatic biota populations, due to potential agricultural runoffs or disposals. Carbendazim is one example of a widely used fungicide with a high potential to end up in aquatic ecosystems through runoff. Deleterious effects observed at the individual level are possibly explained by changes in homeostasis at the cellular level, and both factors can then be used to predict effects at the population level. In the present study, an isoclonal population of Daphnia magna (clone K6) was exposed to a concentration that mimics relevant levels of carbendazim in the environment over 12 generations. The effects of carbendazim were assessed in some generations using the following endpoints: biochemical biomarkers (cholinesterase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase), lipid peroxidation and energy-related parameters (carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins along with available energy and energy consumption), parental longevity, and population growth (r). Long-term exposure to carbendazim had no effect on the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r) of adult D. magna, but longevity was decreased at the F12 generation compared to that of control. Differences between the exposed and nonexposed populations were found for cholinesterase, glutathione-S-transferase, and lipid peroxidation. However, for catalase and energy-related parameters, no differences were observed between these 2 populations. Natural variability was seen throughout the test period, under control conditions, within the 12 generations. Overall, carbendazim induced some effects at the subcellular level that translated into changes in longevity but these later vanished in terms of population effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:412-422. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita R Silva
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cátia S A Santos
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nuno G C Ferreira
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rui Morgado
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diogo N Cardoso
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia Cruz
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia Mendo
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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27
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Tang XY, Yang Y, Tam NFY, Tao R, Dai YN. Pesticides in three rural rivers in Guangzhou, China: spatiotemporal distribution and ecological risk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:3569-3577. [PMID: 30523525 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3808-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Frequent and widespread pesticide use is a major concern for both human and environmental health. The aim of this study was to screen for 19 pesticides in rural rivers in Guangzhou, China, evaluating the potential impact of detected pesticides on the local ecosystem. Sampling was performed in rural rivers in three environment types: agricultural, industrial, and unpolluted, with sampling of water and sediments in both wet and dry seasons. A total of 11 pesticides were detected overall and their spatiotemporal distribution in water and ecological risk were assessed. Five pesticides were detected at concentrations above 100 ng L-1, with the highest concentration pesticides being dimethoate (1318 ng L-1) in surface water and quinalphos (328 ng g-1 dry weight (dw)) in sediments. The most commonly detected pesticides were chlorpyrifos, acetochlor, and butachlor with detection frequencies of 50-57% and 29-43%, in water and sediments, respectively. Samples from the agricultural rural river contained the most pesticides and at higher concentrations, as compared to industrial and unpolluted areas, especially during the wet season. Ecotoxicological risk assessment through Risk Quotients (RQs) showed that chlorpyrifos and fenvalerate pose high ecological risks in water and therefore, reduction of the source input of these pesticides is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Tang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu West Road, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu West Road, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China.
- Engineering Research Center of Tropical and Subtropical Aquatic Ecological Engineering, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Nora Fung-Yee Tam
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu West Road, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Nv Dai
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu West Road, Guangzhou, 510632, People's Republic of China
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28
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Carazo-Rojas E, Pérez-Rojas G, Pérez-Villanueva M, Chinchilla-Soto C, Chin-Pampillo JS, Aguilar-Mora P, Alpízar-Marín M, Masís-Mora M, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE, Vryzas Z. Pesticide monitoring and ecotoxicological risk assessment in surface water bodies and sediments of a tropical agro-ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:800-809. [PMID: 29909306 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A pesticide monitoring study including 80 and 60 active ingredients (in surface waters and sediments, respectively) was carried out in a river basin in Costa Rica during 2007-2012. A special emphasis was given on the exceptional ecological conditions of the tropical agro-ecosystem and the pesticide application strategies in order to establish a reliable monitoring network. A total of 135 water samples and 129 sediment samples were collected and analyzed. Long-term aquatic ecotoxicological risk assessment based on risk quotient in three trophic levels was conducted. Short-term risk assessment was used to calculate the toxic unit and prioritization of sampling sites was conducted by the sum of toxic units in both aquatic and sediment compartments. Dimethoate (61.2 μg/L), propanil (30.6 μg/L), diuron (22.8 μg/L) and terbutryn (4.8 μg/L) were detected at the highest concentrations in water samples. Carbendazim and endosulfan were the most frequently detected pesticides in water and sediment samples, respectively. Triazophos (491 μg/kg), cypermethrin (71.5 μg/kg), permethrin (47.8 μg/kg), terbutryn (38.7 μg/kg), chlorpyrifos (18.2 μg/kg) and diuron (11.75 μg/kg) were detected at the highest concentrations in sediment samples. The pesticides carbendazim, diuron, endosulfan, epoxyconazole, propanil, triazophos and terbutryn showed non-acceptable risk even when a conservative scenario was considered. Sum TUsite higher than 1 was found for one and two sampling sites in water and sediment compartments, respectively, suggesting high acute toxicity for the ecosystem. MAIN FINDING OF THE WORK Exceptional ecological conditions of the tropical agro-ecosystem affect the fate of pesticides in water and sediment environment differently than the temperate one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Carazo-Rojas
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Greivin Pérez-Rojas
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Marta Pérez-Villanueva
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Cristina Chinchilla-Soto
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Juan Salvador Chin-Pampillo
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Paula Aguilar-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Melvin Alpízar-Marín
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mario Masís-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Carlos E Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Zisis Vryzas
- Laboratory of Agricultural Pharmacology and Ecotoxicology, Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, 68200, Orestias, Greece.
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29
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Merel S, Benzing S, Gleiser C, Di Napoli-Davis G, Zwiener C. Occurrence and overlooked sources of the biocide carbendazim in wastewater and surface water. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 239:512-521. [PMID: 29684878 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Carbendazim is a fungicide commonly used as active substance in plant protection products and biocidal products, for instance to protect facades of buildings against fungi. However, the subsequent occurrence of this fungicide and potential endocrine disruptor in the aqueous environment is a major concern. In this study, high resolution mass spectrometry shows that carbendazim can be detected with an increasing abundance from the source to the mouth of the River Rhine. Unexpectedly, the abundance of carbendazim correlates poorly with that of other fungicides used as active ingredients in plant protection products (r2 of 0.32 for cyproconazole and r2 of 0.57 for propiconazole) but it correlates linearly with that of pharmaceuticals (r2 of 0.86 for carbamazepine and r2 of 0.89 for lamotrigine). These results suggest that the occurrence of carbendazim in surface water comes mainly from the discharge of treated domestic wastewater. This hypothesis is further confirmed by the detection of carbendazim in wastewater effluents (n = 22). In fact, bench-scale leaching tests of textiles and papers revealed that these materials commonly found in households could be a source of carbendazim in domestic wastewater. Moreover, additional river samples collected nearby two paper industries indicate that the discharge of their treated process effluents is also a source of carbendazim in the environment. While characterizing paper and textile as overlooked sources of carbendazim, this study also shows the biocide as a possible ubiquitous wastewater contaminant that would require further systematic and worldwide monitoring due to its toxicological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Merel
- Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Center for Applied Geoscience, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Hölderlinstraße 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Saskia Benzing
- Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Center for Applied Geoscience, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Hölderlinstraße 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Carolin Gleiser
- Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Center for Applied Geoscience, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Hölderlinstraße 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Gina Di Napoli-Davis
- Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Center for Applied Geoscience, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Hölderlinstraße 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Christian Zwiener
- Environmental Analytical Chemistry, Center for Applied Geoscience, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Hölderlinstraße 12, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
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30
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Branchet P, Cadot E, Fenet H, Sebag D, Ngatcha BN, Borrell-Estupina V, Ngoupayou JRN, Kengne I, Braun JJ, Gonzalez C. Polar pesticide contamination of an urban and peri-urban tropical watershed affected by agricultural activities (Yaoundé, Center Region, Cameroon). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:17690-17715. [PMID: 29671229 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1798-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Urban agriculture is crucial to local populations, but the risk of it contaminating water has rarely been documented. The aim of this study was to assess pesticide contamination of surface waters from the Méfou watershed (Yaoundé, Cameroon) by 32 selected herbicides, fungicides, and insecticides (mainly polar) according to their local application, using both grab sampling and polar organic compounds integrative samplers (POCIS). Three sampling campaigns were conducted in the March/April and October/November 2015 and June/July 2016 rainy seasons in urban and peri-urban areas. The majority of the targeted compounds were detected. The quantification frequencies of eight pesticides were more than 20% with both POCIS and grab sampling, and that of diuron and atrazine reached 100%. Spatial differences in contamination were evidenced with higher contamination in urban than peri-urban rivers. In particular, diuron was identified as an urban contaminant of concern because its concentrations frequently exceeded the European water quality guideline of 0.200 μg/L in freshwater and may thus represent an ecological risk due to a risk quotient > 1 for algae observed in 94% of grab samples. This study raises concerns about the impacts of urban agriculture on the quality of water resources and to a larger extent on the health of the inhabitants of cities in developing countries. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perrine Branchet
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement Industriel (LGEI), IMT Mines Alès, University of Montpellier, 6, Avenue de Clavières, 30100, Ales, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Cadot
- HydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, CC 057-163, rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Fenet
- HydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, CC 057-163, rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | - David Sebag
- HydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, CC 057-163, rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34090, Montpellier, France
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, UNICAEN, CNRS, M2C, Rouen, France
| | - Benjamin Ngounou Ngatcha
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Ngaoundéré, Ngaoundere, Cameroon
| | - Valérie Borrell-Estupina
- HydroSciences Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, University of Montpellier, CC 057-163, rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34090, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Ives Kengne
- Wastewater Research Unit, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jean-Jacques Braun
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, CNAP, CNES, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Gonzalez
- Laboratoire de Génie de l'Environnement Industriel (LGEI), IMT Mines Alès, University of Montpellier, 6, Avenue de Clavières, 30100, Ales, France
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31
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Liu WR, Yang YY, Liu YS, Zhao JL, Zhang QQ, Yao L, Zhang M, Jiang YX, Wei XD, Ying GG. Biocides in the river system of a highly urbanized region: A systematic investigation involving runoff input. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:1023-1030. [PMID: 29929219 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of 19 biocides in the aquatic environments (including runoffs) of a highly urbanized region, and then analyze the sources and ecological risks of target biocides in the river system. The investigated results showed that 19 target biocides were universally detected in surface water (17), sediment (19) and rainfall runoff (18). The tributaries of the river system were seriously contaminated by the biocides compared to the main stream. The prominent biocides in the riverine environment were methylparaben, climbazole and N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) for surface water, climbazole, triclosan and triclocarban for sediment, and DEET and carbendazim for rainfall runoff. The biocides source analysis based on the mass contribution suggested that domestic wastewater was a dominant input source for most biocides in the riverine environment, while rainfall runoff was another crucial input source for some biocides, especially for DEET and carbendazim. The ecological risk assessment revealed that some high levels biocides (e.g. clotrimazole, carbendazim, and triclosan) could pose potential ecological risks to aquatic organisms. Therefore, it is essential that some efficient measures should be taken to reduce the input of biocides to river system from different sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Rong Liu
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of PRC, Guangzhou 510655, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - You-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yu-Xia Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Placencia JA, Contreras S. Organochlorine pesticides in surface waters from Reloncaví Fjord and the inner sea of Chiloé (~39.5°S - 43°S), Chilean Patagonia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 126:389-395. [PMID: 29421116 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Surface water samples from the environmental continuum spanning rivers (Petrohue, Cochamo, Puelo), fjord (Reloncaví), and the inner sea of Chiloé in Chilean Patagonia were analyzed to estimate concentration and distribution of dissolved Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). High concentrations of HCHs, DDTs and endosulfan found in surface waters from rivers suggest that rivers are the major source of dissolved OCPs to coastal marine ecosystems. We interpret variations in the distribution and concentration as an apparent oscillation between rain and snow-scavenging processes that might determine the type of OCPs that can be preferentially deposited on mountains, glaciers, rivers, estuaries, and finally transferred to the marine realm. Predominance of α-HCH, γ-HCH, p,p'-DDE and α-endosulfan compounds suggest that the main deposition mechanism of OCPs to the Chilean Patagonia is rain scavenging. Snow and rain can be additional sources of OCPs that must be considered for future studies in fjord systems in Chilean Patagonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan A Placencia
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Casilla 297, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Sergio Contreras
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Casilla 297, Concepción, Chile; Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ambientes Sustentables (CIBAS), Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Chile; Department of Geology and Environmental Science, University of Pittburgh, USA
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LaKind JS, Burns CJ, Naiman DQ, O'Mahony C, Vilone G, Burns AJ, Naiman JS. Critical and systematic evaluation of data for estimating human exposures to 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) - quality and generalizability. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2017; 20:423-446. [PMID: 29157177 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2017.1396704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) has been commercially available since the 1940's. Despite decades of data on 2,4-D in food, air, soil, and water, as well as in humans, the quality the quality of these data has not been comprehensively evaluated. Using selected elements of the Biomonitoring, Environmental Epidemiology, and Short-lived Chemicals (BEES-C) instrument (temporal variability, avoidance of sample contamination, analyte stability, and urinary methods of matrix adjustment), the quality of 156 publications of environmental- and biomonitoring-based 2,4-D data was examined. Few publications documented steps were taken to avoid sample contamination. Similarly, most studies did not demonstrate the stability of the analyte from sample collection to analysis. Less than half of the biomonitoring publications reported both creatinine-adjusted and unadjusted urine concentrations. The scope and detail of data needed to assess temporal variability and sources of 2,4-D varied widely across the reviewed studies. Exposures to short-lived chemicals such as 2,4-D are impacted by numerous and changing external factors including application practices and formulations. At a minimum, greater transparency in reporting of quality control measures is needed. Perhaps the greatest challenge for the exposure community is the ability to reach consensus on how to address problems specific to short-lived chemical exposures in observational epidemiology investigations. More extensive conversations are needed to advance our understanding of human exposures and enable interpretation of these data to catch up to analytical capabilities. The problems defined in this review remain exquisitely difficult to address for chemicals like 2,4-D, with short and variable environmental and physiological half-lives and with exposures impacted by numerous and changing external factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy S LaKind
- f School of Arts and Sciences , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , PA , USA
| | - Carol J Burns
- a LaKind Associates, LLC; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Catonsville , MD , USA
| | | | - Cian O'Mahony
- c Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Giulia Vilone
- c Department of Applied Mathematics & Statistics , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Annette J Burns
- d Creme Global, Trinity Technology and Enterprise Campus , Grand Canal Quay , Dublin , Ireland
| | - Joshua S Naiman
- e Department of Anthropology , Alma College , Alma , MI , USA
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Mottes C, Lesueur Jannoyer M, Le Bail M, Guéné M, Carles C, Malézieux E. Relationships between past and present pesticide applications and pollution at a watershed outlet: The case of a horticultural catchment in Martinique, French West Indies. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:762-773. [PMID: 28641228 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of factors affecting pesticide transfers to catchment outlet is still at a very early stage in tropical context, and especially on tropical volcanic context. We performed on-farm pesticide use surveys during 87 weeks and monitored pesticides in water weekly during 67 weeks at the outlet of a small catchment in Martinique. We identified three types of pollution. First, we showed long-term chronic pollution by chlordecone, diuron and metolachlor resulting from horticultural practices applied 5-20 years ago (quantification frequency higher than 80%). Second, we showed peak pollution. High amounts of propiconazole and fosthiazate applied at low frequencies caused river pollution peaks for weeks following a single application. Low amounts of diquat and diazinon applied at low frequencies also caused pollution peaks. The high amounts of glyphosate applied at high frequency resulted into pollution peaks by glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in 6 and 20% of the weeks. Any intensification of their uses will result in higher pollution levels. Third, relatively low amounts of glufosinate-ammonium, difenoconazol, spinosad and metaldehyde were applied at high frequencies. Unexpectedly, such pesticides remained barely detected (<1.5%) or undetected in water samples. We showed that AMPA, fosthiazate and propiconazole have serious leaching potential. They might result in future chronic pollution of shallow aquifers alimenting surface water. We prove that to avoid the past errors and decrease the risk of long-term pollution of water resources, it is urgent to reduce or stop the use of pesticides with leaching potential by changing agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Mottes
- Cirad, UPR HortSys, F-97285, Le Lamentin, Martinique, France.
| | - Magalie Lesueur Jannoyer
- Cirad, UPR HortSys, F-97285, Le Lamentin, Martinique, France; Cirad, UPR HortSys, F-34398, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Mathilde Guéné
- Cirad, UPR HortSys, F-97285, Le Lamentin, Martinique, France
| | - Céline Carles
- Cirad, UPR HortSys, F-97285, Le Lamentin, Martinique, France
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Marco-Brown JL, Undabeytia T, Torres Sánchez RM, Dos Santos Afonso M. Slow-release formulations of the herbicide picloram by using Fe-Al pillared montmorillonite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:10410-10420. [PMID: 28281061 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8699-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Slow-release formulations of the herbicide picloram (PCM, 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropyridine-2-carboxylic acid) were designed based on its adsorption on pillared clays (pillared clays (PILCs)) for reducing the water-polluting risk derived from its use in conventional formulations. Fe-Al PILCs were synthesized by the reaction of Na+-montmorillonite (SWy-2) with base-hydrolyzed solutions of Fe and Al. The Fe/(Fe + Al) ratios used were 0.15 and 0.50. The PCM adsorption isotherms on Fe-Al PILCs were well fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich models. The PCM adsorption capacity depended on the Fe content in the PILCs. Slow-release formulations were prepared by enhanced adsorption of the herbicide from PCM-cyclodextrin (CD) complexes in solution. CDs were able to enhance up to 2.5-fold the solubility of PCM by the formation of inclusion complexes where the ring moiety of the herbicide was partially trapped within the CD cavity. Competitive adsorption of anions such as sulfate, phosphate, and chloride as well as the FTIR analysis of PCM-PILC complexes provided evidence of formation of inner sphere complexes of PCM-CD on Fe-Al PILCs. Release of the herbicide in a sandy soil was lower from Fe-Al PILC formulations relative to a PCM commercial formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Marco-Brown
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
- Instituto de Investigación e Ingeniería Ambiental (3iA), CONICET, Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, UNSAM, 25 de Mayo y Francia (1650), San Martín, Argentina.
| | - Tomás Undabeytia
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology (IRNAS-CSIC), Reina Mercedes 10. Apdo. 1052, 41080, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rosa M Torres Sánchez
- Centro de Tecnología en Recursos Minerales y Cerámica (CETMIC), CONICET-CCT La Plata-CIC, Camino Centenario y 506 CC (49), B1897ZCA, M. B. Gonnet, Argentina
| | - María Dos Santos Afonso
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Analítica y Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón II, C1428EHA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (INQUIMAE), CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Silva ARR, Cardoso DN, Cruz A, Pestana JLT, Mendo S, Soares AMVM, Loureiro S. Multigenerational effects of carbendazim in Daphnia magna. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:383-394. [PMID: 27349362 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbendazim is a fungicide largely used in agriculture as a plant protection product. As a result of agricultural runoffs, drainage, and leaching, it reaches surface waters at concentrations possibly hazardous to aquatic communities. Because of potential and continuous release of carbendazim to aquatic systems, long-term exposure to aquatic organisms should be addressed. To fill the knowledge gap, the present study evaluated the responses of multiple generations of Daphnia magna (clone K6) to an environmentally relevant concentration of carbendazim (5 μg/L). Twelve successive generations were evaluated, and the effects in these offspring were compared with those from a control population. Neonates' fitness was assessed through immobilization, reproduction, and feeding activity tests, along with the comet assay for in vivo DNA damage evaluation. Recovery from long-term exposure was also assessed. In the F5 generation, the results revealed that when daphnids were re-exposed to carbendazim, DNA damage was higher in daphnids continuously exposed to carbendazim than those from clean medium. After daphnids were moved to a clean medium, a low recovery potential was observed for DNA damage. Daphnids exposed continuously for 6 generations (F6) to carbendazim displayed an increase in feeding rates when re-exposed to carbendazim compared with F6 daphnids reared in clean medium. Continuous exposure of daphnids to carbendazim induced a significant increase in DNA damage from the F0 to the F12 generation. Deleterious effects of the multigenerational exposure to carbendazim were more prominent at a subcellular level (DNA damage) compared with the individual level. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:383-394. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rita R Silva
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diogo N Cardoso
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Andreia Cruz
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João L T Pestana
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia Mendo
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Department of Biology and Center for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Abstract
AbstractMany emerging pollutants (also known as micro-pollutants) including pesticides, pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have frequently been detected in surface, ground, and drinking water at alarming concentrations. The emission and accumulation of these anthropogenic chemicals in nature is a potential threat to human health and aquatic environment. Therefore, it is essential to devise an effective and feasible technology to remove the micro-pollutants from water. Activated carbon adsorption has been introduced and utilized as a promising treatment to reduce the concentration of the emerging pollutants in water. A summary of research on the removal of pesticides, PPCPs, and EDCs by activated carbon adsorption process is presented in this report. The effects of carbon characteristics, adsorptive properties, and environmental factors on the adsorption capacity of activated carbon are reviewed. In addition, the mechanisms of the adsorption including hydrophobicity and the nature of the functional groups of activated carbon and organic compounds are discussed. Furthermore, the applied equilibrium adsorption isotherms (Langmuir, Freundlich, BET, Sips, Dubinin-Astakhov, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Toth) and the most common kinetic models (pseudo-first- and second-order models, film and intra-particle diffusion models, and adsorption-desorption model) are also included for further investigation. This comprehensive review report aims to identify the knowledge deficiencies regarding emerging pollutant treatment via activated carbon adsorption process and open new horizons for the future research on the adsorption of emerging pollutants on activated carbon.
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Kim KH, Kabir E, Jahan SA. Exposure to pesticides and the associated human health effects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 575:525-535. [PMID: 27614863 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 766] [Impact Index Per Article: 109.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are used widely to control weeds and insect infestation in agricultural fields and various pests and disease carriers (e.g., mosquitoes, ticks, rats, and mice) in houses, offices, malls, and streets. As the modes of action for pesticides are not species-specific, concerns have been raised about environmental risks associated with their exposure through various routes (e.g., residues in food and drinking water). Although such hazards range from short-term (e.g., skin and eye irritation, headaches, dizziness, and nausea) to chronic impacts (e.g., cancer, asthma, and diabetes), their risks are difficult to elucidate due to the involvement of various factors (e.g., period and level of exposure, type of pesticide (regarding toxicity and persistence), and the environmental characteristics of the affected areas). There are no groups in the human population that are completely unexposed to pesticides while most diseases are multi-causal to add considerable complexity to public health assessments. Hence, development of eco-friendly pesticide alternatives (e.g., EcoSMART) and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques is desirable to reduce the impacts of pesticides. This paper was hence organized to present a comprehensive review on pesticides with respect to their types, environmental distribution, routes of exposure, and health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki-Hyun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ehsanul Kabir
- Dept. of Farm, Power & Machinery, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202 Bangladesh
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Skinner DJC, Rocks SA, Pollard SJT. Where do uncertainties reside within environmental risk assessments? Expert opinion on uncertainty distributions for pesticide risks to surface water organisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 572:23-33. [PMID: 27490300 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A reliable characterisation of uncertainties can aid uncertainty identification during environmental risk assessments (ERAs). However, typologies can be implemented inconsistently, causing uncertainties to go unidentified. We present an approach based on nine structured elicitations, in which subject-matter experts, for pesticide risks to surface water organisms, validate and assess three dimensions of uncertainty: its level (the severity of uncertainty, ranging from determinism to ignorance); nature (whether the uncertainty is epistemic or aleatory); and location (the data source or area in which the uncertainty arises). Risk characterisation contains the highest median levels of uncertainty, associated with estimating, aggregating and evaluating the magnitude of risks. Regarding the locations in which uncertainty is manifest, data uncertainty is dominant in problem formulation, exposure assessment and effects assessment. The comprehensive description of uncertainty described will enable risk analysts to prioritise the required phases, groups of tasks, or individual tasks within a risk analysis according to the highest levels of uncertainty, the potential for uncertainty to be reduced or quantified, or the types of location-based uncertainty, thus aiding uncertainty prioritisation during environmental risk assessments. In turn, it is expected to inform investment in uncertainty reduction or targeted risk management action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J C Skinner
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
| | - Sophie A Rocks
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK.
| | - Simon J T Pollard
- Cranfield University, School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
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Strong RJ, Halsall CJ, Jones KC, Shore RF, Martin FL. Infrared spectroscopy detects changes in an amphibian cell line induced by fungicides: Comparison of single and mixture effects. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 178:8-18. [PMID: 27450236 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Amphibians are regarded as sensitive sentinels of environmental pollution due to their permeable skin and complex life cycle, which usually involves reproduction and development in the aquatic environment. Fungicides are widely applied agrochemicals and have been associated with developmental defects in amphibians; thus, it is important to determine chronic effects of environmentally-relevant concentrations of such contaminants in target cells. Infrared (IR) spectroscopy has been employed to signature the biological effects of environmental contaminants through extracting key features in IR spectra with chemometric methods. Herein, the Xenopus laevis (A6) cell line was exposed to low concentrations of carbendazim (a benzimidazole fungicide) or flusilazole (a triazole fungicide) either singly or as a binary mixture. Cells were then examined using attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform IR (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis. Results indicate significant changes in the IR spectra of cells induced by both agents at all concentrations following single exposures, primarily in regions associated with protein and phospholipids. Distinct differences were apparent in the IR spectra of cells exposed to carbendazim and those exposed to flusilazole, suggesting different mechanisms of action. Exposure to binary mixtures of carbendazim and flusilazole also induced significant spectral alterations, again in regions associated with phospholipids and proteins, but also in regions associated with DNA and carbohydrates. Overall these findings demonstrate that IR spectroscopy is a sensitive technique for examining the effects of environmentally-relevant levels of fungicides at the cellular level. The combination of IR spectroscopy with the A6 cell line could serve as a useful model to identify agents that might threaten amphibian health in a rapid and high throughput manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Strong
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Crispin J Halsall
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK.
| | - Kevin C Jones
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Richard F Shore
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Francis L Martin
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK; School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK.
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Lewis SE, Silburn DM, Kookana RS, Shaw M. Pesticide Behavior, Fate, and Effects in the Tropics: An Overview of the Current State of Knowledge. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:3917-3924. [PMID: 27160796 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This special issue presents a collection of papers covering the environmental fate, effects, and risk of pesticides in tropical environments, which is expected to facilitate improved management of pesticides. Environmental monitoring programs of surface and ground waters in the tropics, including areas of high ecological value, have detected several relatively polar pesticides at concentrations that are of ecological concern. Novel monitoring techniques have the capacity to reveal the spatial and temporal extent of such risks. To best manage these pesticides, their sorption, dissipation rates, leaching, and runoff potential need to be better understood. On these aspects, important insights have been provided by several studies within this issue. Improved understanding of the environmental fate, effects, and risks through studies presented in this special issue is crucial for minimizing the nontarget impacts of pesticides on biodiversity-rich tropical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E Lewis
- Catchment to Reef Research Group, TropWATER, James Cook University , Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - D Mark Silburn
- Department of Natural Resources and Mines , Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
- National Centre for Engineering in Agriculture, University of Southern Queensland , Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Rai S Kookana
- CSIRO Land and Water/University of Adelaide , Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Melanie Shaw
- Department of Natural Resources and Mines , Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
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Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in River Water by Conventional Methods and Direct Sample Analysis-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry. J CHEM-NY 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/1537370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The dissolved organic matter in surface waters is composed of fractions of different molecular weight and polarity, characteristics that determine their capacity for complexing different types of pollutants and their environmental impact. In this study, the dissolved organic matter in the surface water of the Bio-Bio River (Central Region of Chile) was characterized chemically and spectroscopically after fractionating by molecular weight and polarity. The technique of direct sample analysis-time of flight-mass spectrometry (DSA-TOF-MS) was used to obtain more information on the composition of dissolved organic matter. It is concluded that dissolved organic matter found in the water of the river from the site of minor human impact (Rucalhue) has a predominantly natural origin, with a high content of aromatic carbon, in contrast to dissolved organic matter found in the waters of the sites that have higher human impact (Laja and Concepción), characterized by a greater molecular size and higher organic carbon content. These results are consistent with those obtained from DSA-TOF-MS, where higher correlation was observed between the mass spectrum of the standard commercial humic acid and dissolved organic matter found in the sectors of Laja and Concepción, unlike the spectrum mass of lignin which is more like dissolved organic matter found in the sector Rucalhue.
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Ccanccapa A, Masiá A, Andreu V, Picó Y. Spatio-temporal patterns of pesticide residues in the Turia and Júcar Rivers (Spain). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 540:200-10. [PMID: 26118860 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A study was conducted on the occurrence of 50 pesticides in water and sediments of Turia and Júcar Rivers (Valencian Community, Eastern Spain) for a period of two consecutive years each, 2010/2011 and 2012/2013, respectively to assess the contribution of agriculture and urban activities on pesticide pollution. The results showed that mean concentrations of pesticides ranged from <LOQ up to 200 ng/L. Chlorpyrifos was the most frequent pesticide whereas imazalil, thiabendazole, tolclofos methyl, ethion and carbofuran were those found at higher concentrations. Ubiquitous pesticides are those with long half-lives. The most polluted parts of the rivers were the headwaters and the mouth, which could be related to the agricultural practices and rainfall. Contrarily, in the abrupt part of the rivers of difficult access the contamination is low. Other quality parameters monitored in this study also corroborate the worst water quality in the alluvial plains that coincides with higher anthropic pressure. The temporal variations also indicated a strong relation of pesticide concentrations with hydrology, the higher the river flow, the higher number and frequency of pesticides but at lower concentrations. On the contrary, at lower river flows higher pesticide concentrations were detected. The risk assessment for aquatic biota pointed out that organophosphorus and fungicides are a threat to fish and daphnia and herbicides and fungicides are hazards for algae. Thus, the strict control of pesticide concentrations is important to preserve the aquatic ecosystems health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ccanccapa
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CIDE, UV-CSIC-GV) and Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Ana Masiá
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CIDE, UV-CSIC-GV) and Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Andreu
- Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Desertificación-CIDE (CSIC-UV-GV), Landscape Chemistry and Environmental Forensics Group, Carretera de Moncada-Náquera km 4.5, 46113 Moncada, Spain
| | - Yolanda Picó
- Food and Environmental Safety Research Group (SAMA-UV), Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación (CIDE, UV-CSIC-GV) and Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
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Andrade TS, Henriques JF, Almeida AR, Machado AL, Koba O, Giang PT, Soares AMVM, Domingues I. Carbendazim exposure induces developmental, biochemical and behavioural disturbance in zebrafish embryos. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 170:390-399. [PMID: 26653011 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Carbendazim is a widely used broad spectrum benzimidazole fungicide; however, its effects to non-target aquatic organisms are poorly studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxic effects of carbendazim to zebrafish early life stages at several levels of biological organization, including developmental, biochemical and behavioural levels. The embryo assay was done following the OECD guideline 236 and using a concentration range between 1.1 and 1.8mg/L. Lethal and developmental endpoints such as hatching, edemas, malformations, heart beat rate, body growth and delays were assessed in a 96h exposure. A sub-teratogenic range (from 0.16 to 500μg/L) was then used to assess effects at biochemical and behavioural levels. Biochemical markers included cholinesterase (ChE), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and catalase (CAT) and were assessed at 96h. The locomotor behaviour was assessed using an automated video tracking system at 120h. Carbendazim (96h-LC50 of 1.75mg/L) elicited several developmental anomalies in zebrafish embryos with EC50 values ranging from 0.85 to 1.6mg/L. ChE, GST and LDH activities were increased at concentrations equal or above 4μg/L. The locomotor assay showed to be extremely sensitive, detecting effects in time that larvae spent swimming at concentrations of 0.16μg/L and thus, being several orders of magnitude more sensitive that developmental parameters or lethality. These are ecological relevant concentrations and highlight the potential of behavioural endpoints as early warning signs for environmental stress. Further studies should focus on understanding how the behavioural disturbances measured in these types of studies translate into fitness impairment at the adult stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thayres S Andrade
- Dept. of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Jorge F Henriques
- Dept. of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Almeida
- Dept. of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Machado
- Dept. of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Olga Koba
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, Vodnany 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Pham Thai Giang
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, Vodnany 389 25, Czech Republic
| | - Amadeu M V M Soares
- Dept. of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Inês Domingues
- Dept. of Biology and CESAM, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Melvin SD. Short-term exposure to municipal wastewater influences energy, growth, and swimming performance in juvenile Empire Gudgeons (Hypseleotris compressa). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 170:271-278. [PMID: 26073539 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Effectively treating domestic wastewater is paramount for preserving the health of aquatic ecosystems. Various technologies exist for wastewater treatment, ranging from simple pond-based systems to advanced filtration, and it is important to evaluate the potential for these different options to produce water that is acceptable for discharge. Sub-lethal responses were therefore assessed in juvenile Empire Gudgeons (Hypseleotris compressa) exposed for a period of two weeks to control, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100% wastewater treated through a multi-stage constructed wetland (CW) treatment system. Effects on basic energy reserves (i.e., lipids and protein), growth and condition, and swimming performance were quantified following exposure. A significant increase in weight and condition was observed in fish exposed to 50 and 100% wastewater dilutions, whereas whole-body lipid content was significantly reduced in these treatments. Maximum swimming velocity increased in a dose-dependent manner amongst treatment groups (although not significantly), whereas angular velocity was significantly reduced in the 50 and 100% dilutions. Results demonstrate that treated domestic wastewater can influence the growth and swimming performance of fish, and that such effects may be related to alterations to primary energy stores. However, studies assessing complex wastewaters present difficulties when it comes to interpreting responses, as many possible factors can contribute towards the observed effects. Future research should address these uncertainties by exploring interaction between nutrients, basic water quality characteristics and relevant contaminant mixtures, for influencing the energetics, growth, and functional performance of aquatic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Melvin
- School of Medical and Applied Sciences, Building 604, CQ University, Bryan Jordan Drive, Gladstone, QLD 4702, Australia.
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46
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Gaillard J, Thomas M, Lazartigues A, Bonnefille B, Pallez C, Dauchy X, Feidt C, Banas D. Potential of barrage fish ponds for the mitigation of pesticide pollution in streams. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:23-35. [PMID: 26381791 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5378-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Barrage fishponds may represent a significant surface water area in some French regions. Knowledge on their effect on water resources is therefore necessary for the development of appropriate water quality management plans at the regional scale. Although there is much information on the nutrient removal capacity of these water bodies, little attention has been paid to other agricultural contaminants such as pesticides. The present paper reports the results of a 1-year field monitoring of pesticide concentrations and water flows measured upstream and downstream from a fishpond in North East France to evaluate its capacity in reducing pesticide loads. Among the 42 active substances that had been applied on the fishpond's catchment, seven pesticides (five herbicides, two fungicides) were studied. The highest concentration in the inflow to the pond was 26.5 μg/L (MCPA), while the highest concentration in pond outflow was 0.54 μg/L (prosulfocarb). Removal rates of dissolved pesticides in the fishpond ranged from 0-8% (prosulfocarb) to 100% (clopyralid). Although not primarily designed for the treatment of diffuse sources of pesticides, the studied fishpond had the potential to do so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Gaillard
- UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, Université de Lorraine, EA 3998, USC INRA 340, ENSAIA 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye TSA40603, 54 510, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France.
- INRA, UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, USC INRA 340, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Marielle Thomas
- UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, Université de Lorraine, EA 3998, USC INRA 340, ENSAIA 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye TSA40603, 54 510, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
- INRA, UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, USC INRA 340, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Angélique Lazartigues
- Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Québec, Canada
| | - Bénilde Bonnefille
- UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, Université de Lorraine, EA 3998, USC INRA 340, ENSAIA 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye TSA40603, 54 510, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
- INRA, UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, USC INRA 340, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Christelle Pallez
- Nancy Laboratory for Hydrology, Water Chemistry Department, ANSES, Nancy, France
| | - Xavier Dauchy
- Nancy Laboratory for Hydrology, Water Chemistry Department, ANSES, Nancy, France
| | - Cyril Feidt
- UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, Université de Lorraine, EA 3998, USC INRA 340, ENSAIA 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye TSA40603, 54 510, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
- INRA, UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, USC INRA 340, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Damien Banas
- UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, Université de Lorraine, EA 3998, USC INRA 340, ENSAIA 2 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye TSA40603, 54 510, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
- INRA, UR Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux, USC INRA 340, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Jiang J, Wu S, Wang Y, An X, Cai L, Zhao X, Wu C. Carbendazim has the potential to induce oxidative stress, apoptosis, immunotoxicity and endocrine disruption during zebrafish larvae development. Toxicol In Vitro 2015; 29:1473-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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48
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Lam SM, Sin JC, Abdullah AZ, Mohamed AR. Sunlight responsive WO 3 /ZnO nanorods for photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of chlorinated phenoxyacetic acid herbicides in water. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 450:34-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.02.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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49
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Papadakis EN, Vryzas Z, Kotopoulou A, Kintzikoglou K, Makris KC, Papadopoulou-Mourkidou E. A pesticide monitoring survey in rivers and lakes of northern Greece and its human and ecotoxicological risk assessment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2015; 116:1-9. [PMID: 25733189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A pesticide monitoring study covering the main rivers and lakes of Northern Greece (Macedonia, Thrace and Thessaly) was undertaken. A total of 416 samples were collected over a 1.5-year sampling period (September 1999- February 2001) from six rivers and ten lakes. The water samples were analyzed with an off-line solid phase extraction technique coupled with a gas chromatography ion trap mass spectrometer using an analytical method for 147 pesticides and their metabolites, including organochlorines, organophosphates, triazines, chloroacetanilides, pyrethroids, carbamates, phthalimides and other pesticides (herbicides, insecticides and fungicides). Based on the pesticide survey results, a human health carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk assessment was conducted for adults and children. Ecotoxicological risk assessment was also conducted using default endpoint values and the risk quotient method. Results showed that the herbicides metolachlor, prometryn, alachlor and molinate, were the most frequently detected pesticides (29%, 12.5%, 12.5% and 10%, respectively). They also exhibited the highest concentration values, often exceeding 1 μg/L. Chlorpyrifos ethyl was the most frequently detected insecticide (7%). Seasonal variations in measured pesticide concentrations were observed in all rivers and lakes. The highest concentrations were recorded during May-June period, right after pesticide application. Concentrations of six pesticides were above the maximum allowable limit of 0.1 μg/L set for drinking water. Alachlor, atrazine and a-HCH showed unacceptable carcinogenic risk estimates (4.5E-06, 4.6E-06 and 1.3E-04, respectively). Annual average concentrations of chlorpyriphos ethyl (0.031 μg L), dicofol (0.01 μg/L), dieldrin (0.02 μg/L) and endosulfan a (0.065 μg/L) exceeded the EU environmental quality standards. The risk quotient estimates for the insecticides chorpyrifos ethyl, diazinon and parathion methyl and herbicide prometryn were above acceptable risk values. The coupling of monitoring data to probabilistic human and ecotoxicological risk estimates could find use by Greek regulatory authorities, proposing effective pollution management schemes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmaluel N Papadakis
- Aristotle University, School of Agriculture, Pesticide Science Laboratory, P.O. Box 1678, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Zisis Vryzas
- Democritus University of Thrace, Laboratory of Agricultural Pharmacology and Ecotoxicology, 193 Pantazidou Street, 68200 Orestias, Greece.
| | - Athena Kotopoulou
- Aristotle University, School of Agriculture, Pesticide Science Laboratory, P.O. Box 1678, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina Kintzikoglou
- Aristotle University, School of Agriculture, Pesticide Science Laboratory, P.O. Box 1678, 54006 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konstantinos C Makris
- Cyprus International Institute for Environmental and Public Health in association with Harvard School of Public Health, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
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50
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Liu WR, Zhao JL, Liu YS, Chen ZF, Yang YY, Zhang QQ, Ying GG. Biocides in the Yangtze River of China: spatiotemporal distribution, mass load and risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 200:53-63. [PMID: 25697474 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nineteen biocides were investigated in the Yangtze River to understand their spatiotemporal distribution, mass loads and ecological risks. Fourteen biocides were detected, with the highest concentrations up to 166 ng/L for DEET in surface water, and 54.3 ng/g dry weight (dw) for triclocarban in sediment. The dominant biocides were DEET and methylparaben, with their detection frequencies of 100% in both phases. An estimate of 152 t/y of 14 biocides was carried by the Yangtze River to the East China Sea. The distribution of biocides in the aquatic environments was significantly correlated to Gross Domestic Product (GDP), total phosphorus (TP) and total nitrogen (TN), suggesting dominant input sources from domestic wastewater of the cities along the river. Risk assessment showed high ecological risks posed by carbendazim in both phases and by triclosan in sediment. Therefore, proper measures should be taken to reduce the input of biocides into the river systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang-Rong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Jian-Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - You-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Zhi-Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Qian-Qian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
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