1
|
Derivatives of Plastics as Potential Carcinogenic Factors: The Current State of Knowledge. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194637. [PMID: 36230560 PMCID: PMC9562888 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nowadays, micro- and nanoplastic particles can be found almost everywhere, being especially harmful for humans. Their absorption, primarily via inhalation and digestive routes, might lead to a particularly dangerous accumulation of those substances within the human body. Due to the alarming increase in contamination worldwide and excessive production of plastics and synthetic materials, there is an urgent need to investigate the effects of those substances on human health. So far, it has been observed that nano- and microplastics might be extremely harmful, leading to serious health conditions, such as cancers of various human body systems. Abstract Micro- and nanoplatics have been already reported to be potential carcinogenic/mutagenic substances that might cause DNA damage, leading to carcinogenesis. Thus, the effects of micro- and nanoplastics exposure on human health are currently being investigated extensively to establish clear relationships between those substances and health consequences. So far, it has been observed that there exists a definite correlation between exposure to micro- and nanoplastic particles and the onset of several cancers. Therefore, we have conducted research using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, searching for all the research papers devoted to cancers that could be potentially related to the subject of exposure to nano- and microplastics. Ultimately, in this paper, we have discussed several cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma, pancreatic cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, biliary tract cancer, and some endocrine-related cancers.
Collapse
|
2
|
Porta M, Pumarega J, Amaral AFS, Genkinger JM, Camargo J, Mucci L, Alguacil J, Gasull M, Zhang X, Morales E, Iglesias M, Ogino S, Engel LS. Influence of KRAS mutations, persistent organic pollutants, and trace elements on survival from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 190:109781. [PMID: 32791343 PMCID: PMC7689512 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reasons why pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to have poor survival are only partly known. No previous studies have analyzed the combined influence of KRAS mutations, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and trace elements upon survival in PDAC or in any other human cancer. OBJECTIVE To analyze the individual and combined influence of KRAS mutations, POPs, and trace elements upon survival from PDAC. METHODS Incident cases of PDAC (n = 185) were prospectively identified in five hospitals in Eastern Spain in 1992-1995 and interviewed face-to-face during hospital admission. KRAS mutational status was determined from tumour tissue through polymerase chain reaction and artificial restriction fragment length polymorphism. Blood and toenail samples were obtained before treatment. Serum concentrations of POPs were analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Concentrations of 12 trace elements were determined in toenail samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess prognostic associations. RESULTS Patients with a KRAS mutated tumor had a 70% higher risk of early death than patients with a KRAS wild-type PDAC (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.7, p = 0.026), adjusting for age, sex, and tumor stage. KRAS mutational status was only modestly and not statistically significantly associated with survival when further adjusting by treatment or by treatment intention. The beneficial effects of treatment remained unaltered when KRAS mutational status was taken into account, and treatment did not appear to be less effective in the subgroup of patients with a KRAS mutated tumor. POPs did not materially influence survival: the adjusted HR of the highest POP tertiles was near unity for all POPs. When considering the joint effect on survival of POPs and KRAS, patients with KRAS mutated tumors had modest and nonsignificant HRs (most HRs around 1.3 to 1.4). Higher concentrations of lead, cadmium, arsenic, vanadium, and aluminium were associated with better survival. When KRAS status, POPs, and trace elements were simultaneously considered along with treatment, only the latter was statistically significantly related to survival. CONCLUSIONS In this study based on molecular, clinical, and environmental epidemiology, KRAS mutational status, POPs, and trace elements were not adversely related to PDAC survival when treatment was simultaneously considered; only treatment was independently related to survival. The lack of adverse prognostic effects of POPs and metals measured at the time of diagnosis provide scientific and clinical reassurance on the effects of such exposures upon survival of patients with PDAC. The weak association with KRAS mutations contributes to the scant knowledge on the clinical implications of a genetic alteration highly frequent in PDAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Porta
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José Pumarega
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - André F S Amaral
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeanine M Genkinger
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Judit Camargo
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorelei Mucci
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Juan Alguacil
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Magda Gasull
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Eva Morales
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IMIB-Arrixaca, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia
| | - Mar Iglesias
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Camargo J, Pumarega JA, Alguacil J, Sanz-Gallén P, Gasull M, Delclos GL, Amaral AFS, Porta M. Toenail concentrations of trace elements and occupational history in pancreatic cancer. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 127:216-225. [PMID: 30928845 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some occupations potentially entailing exposure to cadmium, arsenic, lead, selenium, nickel, and chromium have been associated with an increased risk of exocrine pancreatic cancer (EPC), but no studies have assessed whether body concentrations of such compounds differed among subjects occupationally exposed and unexposed. No studies which found that exposure to such metals increased the risk of EPC assessed whether past occupations were the source of exposure. OBJECTIVE The aim was to analyse the relationship between toenail concentrations of trace elements and occupational history in EPC patients. METHODS The study included 114 EPC cases personally interviewed on occupational history and lifestyle factors. Occupations were coded according to the International Standard Classification of Occupations 1988. Selected occupational exposures were assessed by two industrial hygienists and with the Finnish job-exposure matrix (Finjem). Concentrations of 12 trace elements were determined in toenail samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Adjusted geometric means (aGMs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. RESULTS Patients occupationally exposed to aromatic hydrocarbon solvents (AHs) had higher concentrations of cadmium, manganese, lead, iron and vanadium. The aGM of cadmium concentrations for cases exposed to any pesticide was 0.056 μg/g [95% CI: 0.029-0.108], and, for unexposed cases, 0.023 μg/g [0.017-0.031]. Patients occupationally exposed to pesticides had higher concentrations of cadmium and manganese. Higher concentrations of vanadium, lead and arsenic were related to exposure to formaldehyde. Vanadium and lead were also associated with exposure to chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents, and arsenic was related to exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). CONCLUSIONS Patients occupationally exposed to AHs, pesticides, chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents, formaldehyde, volatile sulphur compounds and PAHs had higher concentrations of several metals. These elements may account for some of the occupational risks previously reported for pancreatic cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Camargo
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José A Pumarega
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joan Alguacil
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | | | - Magda Gasull
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - George L Delclos
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Center for Research in Occupational Health (CiSAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - André F S Amaral
- Population Health and Occupational Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Miquel Porta
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Arrebola JP, Castaño A, Esteban M, Bartolomé M, Pérez-Gómez B, Ramos JJ. Differential contribution of animal and vegetable food items on persistent organic pollutant serum concentrations in Spanish adults. Data from BIOAMBIENT.ES project. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 634:235-242. [PMID: 29627546 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Diet is considered the main source of Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) exposure in the general population, although there are still several gaps of knowledge regarding the differential contribution of main food groups. The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns that contribute to human exposure to organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and Perfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs). Study population (n=1880, 18-65years old) was recruited during 2009-2010 in all the main geographical areas of Spain. For this work, exposure was estimated by chemical analyses of serum levels of 6 PCBs (n=1880), 13 OCPs (n=934), and 6 (PFASs) in a subsample of 755 (n=755). Dietary habits and covariates were gathered via self-administered questionnaires. Data analyses were performed by means of multivariable linear regression and weighted quantile sum regression. Both the consumption of animal-based and plant-based food were positively associated with the individual concentrations of p,p´-DDE, hexachlorobenzene, and PCB-congeners -138, -153, and-180. The contribution of animal-based products was 2.1-4.0× stronger except in p,p´-DDE, to which both patterns had similar contributions. In PFASs only animal food was positively associated with the exposure levels. The main animal-based contributors to PCB exposure were fish (49-64%) and eggs (19-36%), while OCP concentrations were mainly influenced by dairy products (32-48%) and fish (47-48%). PFOA and PFHxS were mainly explained by cold-meat (34-37%), fish (25-26%), and eggs (19-21%), while PFOS and PFDA were primarily influenced by fish consumption (44-77%). In the case of plant-based items, fruits (25-82%) and vegetables (18-63%) accounted for the majority of the variability of PCB and OCP concentrations. Our results highlight the relevance of dietary POP exposure as well as the need for the consideration of nutritional interventions in public health programs aiming to reduce POP exposure in the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pedro Arrebola
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria (ibs.GRANADA), Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Argelia Castaño
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Esteban
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Bartolomé
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Pérez-Gómez
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan José Ramos
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Ambiental (CNSA), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wochner KF, Becker-Algeri TA, Colla E, Badiale-Furlong E, Drunkler DA. The action of probiotic microorganisms on chemical contaminants in milk. Crit Rev Microbiol 2017; 44:112-123. [DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2017.1329275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Francine Wochner
- Post Graduate Program in Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Medianeira, Brazil
| | - Tânia Aparecida Becker-Algeri
- Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Science of Food, Department of Food Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Eliane Colla
- Post Graduate Program in Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Medianeira, Brazil
| | - Eliana Badiale-Furlong
- Post Graduate Program in Engineering and Science of Food, Department of Food Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande (FURG), Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Deisy Alessandra Drunkler
- Post Graduate Program in Food Technology (PPGTA), Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR), Medianeira, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
He Y, Peng L, Huang Y, Peng X, Zheng S, Liu C, Wu K. Association of breast adipose tissue levels of polychlorinated biphenyls and breast cancer development in women from Chaoshan, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:4778-4790. [PMID: 27981482 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-8208-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are implied to be potential risk factors for breast cancer in wildlife and in in vivo and in vitro studies. Epidemiological studies revealed some individual or groups of PCB congeners associated with breast cancer risk, but consistent conclusions are scarce. This study aimed to explore the association between PCB exposure and breast cancer development. Breast adipose tissues were collected, and seven PCB congeners were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Demographic characteristics, basic clinical data, and pathological diagnosis information were obtained from medical records. The differences in PCB exposure levels among different groups and indices were compared, and the correlation among PCB congeners was evaluated. The order of congener profile by molar concentration was PCB-153 > PCB-138 > PCB-180 > PCB-118 > PCB-101 > PCB-52 > PCB-28. ∑PCB level differed by occupation and residence and was significantly higher at 55-59-year-old group than at the other age groups. ∑PCB level was higher in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women. Decreasing ∑PCB levels were related with increasing parity among women with progesterone receptor (PR)-positive breast tumors. With increased clinical stage, the ∑PCB level increased significantly. ∑PCB level did not differ by tumor-node-metastasis classification and PR or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression but did differ by estrogen receptor (ER) expression (P = 0.04) without a regularly increasing trend in breast adipose tissue. These results suggest a potential association between PCB exposure and breast cancer development. Further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to confirm these findings and explain the underlying mechanisms. Graphical Abstract Total PCBs level among different clinical stages in breast cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanfang He
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Rd, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Clinical Laboratory, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Yiteng Huang
- Health Care Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Xiaodong Peng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Rd, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Rd, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Caixia Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Rd, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, No. 22, Xinling Rd, Shantou, Guangdong, 515041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Artacho-Cordón F, Fernández-Rodríguez M, Garde C, Salamanca E, Iribarne-Durán LM, Torné P, Expósito J, Papay-Ramírez L, Fernández MF, Olea N, Arrebola JP. Serum and adipose tissue as matrices for assessment of exposure to persistent organic pollutants in breast cancer patients. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2015; 142:633-643. [PMID: 26318258 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess differences between two biological matrices (serum and breast adipose tissue) in the evaluation of persistent organic pollutant (POP) exposure in breast cancer patients. The study population consisted of 103 women undergoing surgery for newly diagnosed breast carcinoma in a public hospital in Granada, Southern Spain. Independent variables were gathered from questionnaires and clinical records. POP concentrations were quantified in breast adipose tissue and serum samples. Spearman correlation tests were performed between pairs of POP concentrations and stepwise multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted to assess predictors of concentrations in the two matrices. p,p'- Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) showed the the highest median concentration in both matrices (194.34 and 173.84 ng/g lipid in adipose tissue and serum, respectively). Median wet-basis adipose tissue:serum ratios ranged from 109.34 to 651.62, while lipid-basis ratios ranged from 0.88 to 4.34. In general, we found significant positive correlation coefficients between pairs of POPs in adipose tissue and in serum, which were always higher in adipose tissue. We found positive and statistically significant correlations between serum and adipose tissue concentrations of p,p'-DDE and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) but not of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Age was positively associated with most POPs in adipose tissue and serum, while the body mass index was positively associated with adipose tissue HCB concentrations and negatively associated with serum PCB-153 and PCB-138 concentrations. Recent weight loss was inversely associated with POP residues in adipose tissue and positively associated with POP residues in serum. Serum HCB and PCB-180 concentrations were lower in patients who had received preoperative chemotherapy. According to our results, serum and adipose tissue POP concentrations in breast cancer patients may be differentially affected by external predictors. Taken together, these findings indicate the need to take account of the individual POP(s) under study and the biological matrix used when relating internal POP exposure to breast cancer disease and to make a careful selection of covariates for adjusting the model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Artacho-Cordón
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain
| | - M Fernández-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain
| | - C Garde
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain
| | - E Salamanca
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain
| | - L M Iribarne-Durán
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain
| | - P Torné
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain
| | - J Expósito
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiation Oncology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - L Papay-Ramírez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain
| | - M F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - N Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - J P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs. GRANADA, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada, Spain; Radiation Oncology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Artacho-Cordón F, Belhassen H, Arrebola JP, Ghali R, Amira D, Jiménez-Díaz I, Pérez-Lobato R, H B, A H, Olea N. Serum levels of persistent organic pollutants and predictors of exposure in Tunisian women. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 511:530-4. [PMID: 25585155 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In spite of the international consensus on the human health risks associated with exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs), the Tunisian population is suspected to have been inadvertently exposed to POPs over the last decades. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate POP concentrations in the serum of a subset of 54 Tunisian women and to identify some socio-demographic and dietary predictors of exposure to POPs. RESULTS Of the ten POPs analyzed, three polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners (-138, -153 and -180), and two organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), HCB and p,p'-DDE, showed frequencies ranging from 98 to 100%. Serum median concentrations of PCB congeners (-138, -153 PCB-180) were 26.08, 119.1 and 29.84 ng/g lipid, respectively, and median concentrations of HCB and p,p'-DDE were 19.98 and 127.59 ng/g lipid, respectively. Age was positively correlated with serum levels of selected POPs. Women living in northern Tunisia showed higher serum levels of all PCBs. Working outside home and cereal consumption were positively associated to serum levels of p,p'-DDE. The duration of the lactation was also related to lower serum levels of p,p'-DDE and HCB. CONCLUSION The levels of exposure to POPs found warrant a biomonitoring program in order to identify routes of exposure and population groups at higher risk. This program will help to establish prevention policies and to determine the association between exposure to POPs and chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Artacho-Cordón
- Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.Granada, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - H Belhassen
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environment (LR12SP07), Center of Urgent Medical Assistance of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - J P Arrebola
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.Granada, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Radiation Oncology Department, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - R Ghali
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environment (LR12SP07), Center of Urgent Medical Assistance of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - D Amira
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environment (LR12SP07), Center of Urgent Medical Assistance of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - I Jiménez-Díaz
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.Granada, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - R Pérez-Lobato
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.Granada, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Boussen H
- Cancer Center of Ariana, Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Hedili A
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environment (LR12SP07), Center of Urgent Medical Assistance of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - N Olea
- Radiology and Physical Medicine Department, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria IBS.Granada, Hospitales Universitarios de Granada/Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Arrebola JP, Fernández MF, Martín-Olmedo P, Molina-Molina JM, Sánchez-Pérez MJ, Sánchez-Cantalejo E, Molina-Portillo E, Expósito J, Bonde JP, Olea N. Adipose tissue concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and total cancer risk in an adult cohort from Southern Spain: preliminary data from year 9 of the follow-up. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 500-501:243-9. [PMID: 25217999 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.08.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing trend in the incidence of cancer worldwide, and it has been accepted that environmental factors account for an important proportion of the global burden. The present paper reports preliminary findings on the influence of the historical exposure to a group of persistent organic pollutants on total cancer risk, at year 9 in the follow-up of a cohort from Southern Spain. A cohort of 368 participants (median age 51 years) was recruited in 2003. Their historical exposure was estimated by analyzing residues of persistent organic pollutants in adipose tissue. Estimation of cancer incidence was based on data from a population-based cancer registry. Statistical analyses were performed using multivariable Cox-regression models. In males, PCB 153 concentrations were positively associated with total cancer risk, with an adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of 1.20 (1.01-1.41) for an increment of 100 ng/g lipid. Our preliminary findings suggest a potential relationship between the historical exposure to persistent organic pollutants and the risk of cancer in men. However, these results should be interpreted with caution and require verification during the future follow-up of this cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan P Arrebola
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Piedad Martín-Olmedo
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Manuel Molina-Molina
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - María J Sánchez-Pérez
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain; Granada Research of Excellence Initiative on BioHealth "GREIB", University of Granada (CEB-005), Spain
| | - Emilio Sánchez-Cantalejo
- CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain; Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Elena Molina-Portillo
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - José Expósito
- Oncology Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - Jens Peter Bonde
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicolás Olea
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs, Granada, University of Granada, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
López T, Pumarega JA, Pollack AZ, Lee DH, Richiardi L, Jacobs DR, Schisterman EF, Porta M. Adjusting serum concentrations of organochlorine compounds by lipids and symptoms: a causal framework for the association with K-ras mutations in pancreatic cancer. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 114:219-25. [PMID: 25113205 PMCID: PMC6196356 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In clinically aggressive diseases, patients experience pathophysiological changes that often alter concentrations of lipids and environmental lipophilic factors; such changes are related to disease signs and symptoms. The aim of the study was to compare the effects of correcting for total serum lipids (TSL) and other clinical factors on the odds of mutations in the K-ras oncogene by organochlorine compounds (OCs), in logistic models, in 103 patients with exocrine pancreatic cancer (EPC) using a causal directed acyclic graph (DAG) framework. Results and likelihood of bias were discussed in the light of possible causal scenarios. The odds of K-ras mutated EPC was associated with some TSL-corrected OCs, including p,p'-DDT (p-value: 0.008) and polychlorinated biphenyl 138 (p-trend: 0.024). When OCs were not corrected by TSL, the OR of a K-ras mutation was significant for p,p'-DDT (p-trend: 0.035). Additionally adjusting for cholestatic syndrome increased the ORs of TSL-corrected OCs. When models were adjusted by the interval from first symptom to blood extraction (ISE), the ORs increased for both TSL-corrected and uncorrected OCs. Models with TSL-corrected OCs and adjusted for cholestatic syndrome or ISE yielded the highest ORs. We show that DAGs clarify the covariates necessary to minimize bias, and demonstrate scenarios under which adjustment for TSL-corrected OCs and failure to adjust for symptoms or ISE may induce bias. Models with TSL-uncorrected OCs may be biased too, and adjusting by symptoms or ISE may not control such biases. Our findings may have implications as well for studying environmental causes of other clinically aggressive diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomàs López
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - José A Pumarega
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Anna Z Pollack
- Epidemiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Duk-Hee Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Promotion Research Center, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO-Piemonte, Torino, Italy
| | - David R Jacobs
- Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Enrique F Schisterman
- Epidemiology Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Miquel Porta
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Avancini RM, Silva IS, Rosa ACS, Sarcinelli PDN, de Mesquita SA. Organochlorine compounds in bovine milk from the state of Mato Grosso do Sul-Brazil. CHEMOSPHERE 2013. [PMID: 23177004 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.10.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorines are highly hydrophobic, synthetic organic pollutants that accumulate in the environment and in food webs. The primary route of human exposure to organochlorines is through food-mainly fat-rich food of animal origin such as meat, fish, and dairy products. Here we determined the presence and concentration of organochlorine residues in pasteurized milk from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, to monitor consumer exposure to these contaminants. Organochlorine pesticides in milk samples were analyzed using solid phase extraction in octadecyl silica-prepacked columns and identified by gas chromatography using an electron capture detector. Of the 100 composite samples analyzed, more than 90% contained residues of organochlorine pesticides: aldrin was present in 44% of the samples, followed by ∑DDT (36%), mirex (34%), endosulfan (32%), chlordane (17%), dicofol (14%), heptachlor (11%) and dieldrin (11%). Compared to the values established by law, the concentration of the compounds in some samples was above the reference values. Given the importance that milk and its products have in the human diet, it is essential to know whether the levels of pesticide residues are kept well below the recommended levels to minimize the risk to human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Régia Maria Avancini
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde e Desenvolvimento na Região Centro-Oeste, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS)/Instituto Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (IFMS), Av. Julio de Castilho, 4960, Panamá, CEP 79113-000, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gasull M, Bosch de Basea M, Puigdomènech E, Pumarega J, Porta M. Empirical analyses of the influence of diet on human concentrations of persistent organic pollutants: a systematic review of all studies conducted in Spain. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2011; 37:1226-35. [PMID: 21683445 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 05/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies analyzed concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in human samples, and in many types of foods; however, food consumption is less commonly included in studies on the determinants of POP concentrations in humans, and these approaches are rarely integrated with surveys of food intake to estimate the amount and safety of human POP intake from food. OBJECTIVE To analyze the main characteristics and findings of all studies conducted in Spain that quantitatively assessed the influence of diet on human concentrations of POPs. METHODS Studies published until December 2010 (with no other time restrictions) were identified through Medline/PubMed, ISI-Thomson, ScienceDirect, and SciELO databases. RESULTS We identified 25 papers, from 19 different studies. Twelve papers were published in 2009-2010. All studies but one were based on subgroups not representative of the general population, and over half were limited to women. Serum was the most used biological matrix, while p,p'-DDE, HCB and PCBs were the most frequently analyzed compounds. Food intakes were measured with heterogeneous food frequency questionnaires. The most consistent association was between fish consumption and PCBs and HCB, followed by dairy products and PCBs. A few studies observed a relationship between meat and some POPs, whilst intake of vegetables, fruits and cereals was rarely related to POP levels. Only 3 studies did not find any relationship between dietary habits and POP concentrations. CONCLUSIONS In spite of methodological heterogeneity, the studies were able to quantify to what extent consumption of foods from animal origin (fish, milk, dairy products and meat) is related to higher body concentrations of POPs. As in a few other countries, in Spain food consumption is increasingly analyzed as a major determinant of human POP intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magda Gasull
- Institut Municipal d'Investigació Mèdica, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Parker LA, Porta M, Lumbreras B, López T, Guarner L, Hernández-Aguado I, Carrato A, Corominas JM, Rifà J, Fernandez E, Alguacil J, Malats N, Real FX. Clinical validity of detecting K-ras mutations for the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic cancer: a prospective study in a clinically-relevant spectrum of patients. Eur J Epidemiol 2011; 26:229-36. [PMID: 21298467 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-011-9547-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The diagnostic utility of detecting K-ras mutations for the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic cancer (EPC) has not been properly studied, and few reports have analysed a clinically relevant spectrum of patients. The objective was to evaluate the clinical validity of detecting K-ras mutations in the diagnosis of EPC in a large sample of clinically relevant patients. We prospectively identified 374 patients in whom one of the following diagnoses was suspected at hospital admission: EPC, chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic cysts, and cancer of the extrahepatic biliary system. Mutations in the K-ras oncogene were analysed by PCR and artificial RFLP in 212 patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the K-ras mutational status for the diagnosis of EPC were 77.7% (95% CI: 69.2-84.8) and 78.0% (68.1-86.0), respectively. The diagnostic accuracy was hardly modified by sex and age. In patients with either mutated K-ras or CEA > 5 ng/ml, the sensitivity and specificity were 81.0% (72.9-87.6) and 62.6% (72.9-87.6), respectively. In patients with mutated K-ras and CEA > 5 ng/ml the sensitivity was markedly reduced. In comparisons with a variety of non-EPC patient groups sensitivity and specificity were both always greater than 75%. In this clinically relevant sample of patients the sensitivity and specificity of K-ras mutations were not sufficiently high for independent diagnostic use. However, it seems premature to rule out the utility of K-ras analysis in conjunction with other genetic and 'omics' technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy A Parker
- Department of Public Health, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Llop S, Ballester F, Vizcaino E, Murcia M, Lopez-Espinosa MJ, Rebagliato M, Vioque J, Marco A, Grimalt JO. Concentrations and determinants of organochlorine levels among pregnant women in Eastern Spain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2010; 408:5758-67. [PMID: 20832846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.07.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2010] [Accepted: 07/30/2010] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) comprise a large variety of toxic substances with ample distribution. While exposure to these toxins occurs mainly through diet, maternal POP levels may be influenced by certain sociodemographic, environmental, or lifestyle factors. This is important given that these substances may have adverse effects on fetal development. The aim of this study is to examine the sociodemographic, environmental, lifestyle, and dietary determinants of the levels of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), b-hexachlorocyclohexane (b-HCH), 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (4,4'-DDT), 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene (4,4'-DDE), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB congeners 118, 138, 153, 180) measured in the blood of pregnant women participating in a mother-child cohort study conducted in Valencia (Spain). The study population consisted of 541 pregnant women who formed part of the INMA (Childhood and the Environment) cohort (2004-2006). POP levels were determined in blood taken during the 12th week of pregnancy with the aid of gas chromatography with electron capture detection. Sociodemographic, environmental, and dietary information was obtained from a questionnaire. Multivariate Tobit regression models were constructed in order to assess the association between POP levels and selected covariates. The results showed that all the women had detectable levels of at least one of these compounds while in 43% of the subjects, all eight compounds were detected. The compounds found in the greatest number of women were 4,4'-DDE (100%) and PCBs 153 and 180 (95%). The most important determinants of high POP levels were the mother's age, country of origin, increased body mass index, and number of weeks of breastfeeding after previous pregnancies. With regard to diet, 4,4'-DDT and 4,4'-DDE levels increased with the intake of meat, fruit, and cereal. PCB 153 levels increased with the intake of seafood. The levels of HCB, b-HCH, 4,4'-DDT, and 4,4'-DDE observed in this study were slightly higher than in other studies, whereas the PCB levels were similar.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Llop
- Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII), 20220 Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|