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Morales E, Prieto-Sánchez MT, Mendiola J, Cutillas-Tolín A, Adoamnei E, Valera-Gran D, Martínez-Graciá C, Santaella-Pascual M, Suárez-Martinez C, Vioque J, Castaños MJ, Del Castillo E, García-Marcos L. Maternal non-compliance with recommended folic acid supplement use alters global DNA methylation in cord blood of newborns: A cohort study. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1191-1198. [PMID: 38631086 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Prenatal folate exposure may alter epigenetic marks in the offspring. We aimed to evaluate associations between prenatal exposure to folic acid (FA) in preconception and in utero with cord blood DNA methylation in long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1) and Alu short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) as markers of global DNA methylation levels. METHODS Data come from 325 mother-child pairs participating in the Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) birth cohort (2015-2018). Pregnant women were asked about supplement use, including brand name and dose, one month before pregnancy (preconception) and through the trimesters of pregnancy. Maternal dietary folate intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire with additional questions for FA supplement use. Folate serum levels were measured in mothers at 24 weeks of gestation and in cord blood of newborns. DNA methylation was quantitatively assessed by bisulfite pyrosequencing on 5 LINE-1 and 3 Alu different elements. Associations were estimated using multivariable linear regression models. RESULTS A reduction in methylation levels of LINE-1 in newborns was associated with the use of FA supplements below the recommended doses (<400 ug/day) during preconception (-0.50; 95% CI: -0.91, -0.09; P = 0.016), and from preconception up to 12 weeks of gestation (-0.48; 95% CI: -0.88, -0.08; P = 0.018). Maternal use of FA supplements above the tolerable upper intake level of 1000 ug/day from preconception until 12 weeks of gestation was also related to lower methylation in LINE-1 at birth (-0.77; 95% CI: -1.52, -0.02; P = 0.044). Neither FA supplement use after 12 weeks of gestation nor maternal total folate intake (diet plus supplements) were associated with global DNA methylation levels at birth. CONCLUSIONS Maternal non-compliance with the use of FA supplement recommendations from preconception up to 12 weeks of gestation reduces offspring global DNA methylation levels at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Morales
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Teresa Prieto-Sánchez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Materno-Fetal Medicine Unit, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Service, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaime Mendiola
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Cutillas-Tolín
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Evdochia Adoamnei
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Nursing, University of Murcia School of Nursing, Murcia, Spain
| | - Desirée Valera-Gran
- Department of Surgery and Pathology, Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 Alicante, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Terapia Ocupacional (InTeO), Miguel Hernandez University, 03550 Alicante, Spain; Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante, University Miguel Hernandez (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez-Graciá
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Santaella-Pascual
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Clara Suárez-Martinez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante, University Miguel Hernandez (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - María Jesús Castaños
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Del Castillo
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; ARADyAL Allergy Network, Madrid, Spain
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Fernández-Paredes PC, Morales E, Lopez-Soler C, Garcia-Marcos L. Does Asthma Disrupt Psychological Wellbeing in Pregnancy? J Clin Med 2023; 12:6335. [PMID: 37834979 PMCID: PMC10573683 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Asthma is a very prevalent disease with special characteristics during pregnancy, however, little is known about its relationship to the psychological wellbeing of women in this period; we aimed to know whether depression and anxiety symptoms are more frequent in asthmatic pregnant women. (2) Methods: Family Apgar (week 20), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (weeks 20 and 32) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) (week 32) tests were administered to 738 pregnant women (81 asthmatics) in the Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) birth cohort. (3) Results: There were no significant differences between asthmatic and non-asthmatic pregnant women in any of the different tests at any of the time points. The mean scores for the different tests and timepoints between asthmatic and non-asthmatic pregnant women were: Apgar 20, 17.9 ± 2.2 vs. 10.0 ± 2.2; Edinburgh 20, 6.7 ± 4.2 vs. 6.9 ± 4.3; Edinburgh 32, 5.9 ± 4.4 vs. 5.6 ± 4.3; and STAI 32, 16.7 ± 8.4 vs. 15.8 ± 8.3. The proportion of pregnant women out of the normal range score for any of the tests and time points was also similar in both populations. (4) Conclusions: asthma is not associated with the psychological wellbeing of pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Morales
- Department of Public Health Sciences, IMIB Bio-Health Research Institute, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Concepción Lopez-Soler
- Clinical Psychology Unit, Arrixaca Children’s University Hospital, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Luis Garcia-Marcos
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children’s Hospital, IMIB Bio-Health Research Institute, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
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Sánchez-Campillo M, Gázquez A, Serrano-Munuera A, Arnao MB, Avilés-Plaza F, Garcia-Serna AM, Noguera-Velasco JA, Martínez-López de Castro A, Martínez-Graciá C, Suárez-Martínez C, Santaella-Pascual M, Vioque J, Montoya-Hernández C, Ballesteros-Meseguer C, Sánchez-Ferrer M, Perez-Fernandez V, Morales E, García-Marcos L, Larqué E. Serum Vitamins A and E at Mid-Pregnancy and Their Relationships with Both Maternal and Cord Blood Antioxidant Status and Perinatal Conditions: The NELA Cohort. Ann Nutr Metab 2023; 79:313-325. [PMID: 37271133 DOI: 10.1159/000531239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most of the pregnant women do not achieve the recommended dietary intake of vitamins A and E. These vitamins may counteract oxidative stress involved in some adverse perinatal outcomes. We aimed to assess the associations between maternal vitamin A and E at mid-pregnancy with both maternal and fetal outcomes and to identify possible early biomarkers during pregnancy to predict and prevent oxidative stress in the offspring. METHODS Data on dietary and serum levels of vitamins A and E were collected from 544 pregnant women from the Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) study, a prospective mother-child cohort set up in Spain. RESULTS There were large discrepancies between low dietary vitamin E intake (78% of the mothers) and low serum vitamin E levels (3%) at 24 weeks of gestation. Maternal serum vitamins A and E at mid-pregnancy were associated with higher antioxidant status not only in the mother at this time point (lower hydroperoxides and higher total antioxidant activity [TAA]) but also with the newborn at birth (higher TAA). Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was negatively associated with maternal serum vitamin A (OR: 0.95 CI: 0.91-0.99, p = 0.009) at mid-pregnancy. Nevertheless, we could not detect any association between GDM and oxidative stress parameters. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, maternal vitamin A and E serum levels may be used as an early potential biomarker of antioxidant status of the neonate at birth. Control of these vitamins during pregnancy could help avoid morbid conditions in the newborn caused by oxidative stress in GDM pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sánchez-Campillo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Gázquez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Marino B Arnao
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Avilés-Plaza
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Azahara M Garcia-Serna
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José A Noguera-Velasco
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez-López de Castro
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Martínez-Graciá
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Clara Suárez-Martínez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Santaella-Pascual
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain
| | - Carmen Montoya-Hernández
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ballesteros-Meseguer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marisa Sánchez-Ferrer
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Virginia Perez-Fernandez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Sociosanitary Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
- Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- ARADyAL Allergy Network, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Larqué
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
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Vizmanos B, Cascales AI, Rodríguez-Martín M, Salmerón D, Morales E, Aragón-Alonso A, Scheer FAJL, Garaulet M. Lifestyle mediators of associations among siestas, obesity, and metabolic health. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:1227-1239. [PMID: 37140401 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the association between siestas/no siestas and obesity, considering siesta duration (long: >30 minutes, short: ≤30 minutes), and test whether siesta traits and/or lifestyle factors mediate the association of siestas with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS). METHODS This was a cross-sectional study of 3275 adults from a Mediterranean population (the Obesity, Nutrigenetics, TIming, and MEditerranean [ONTIME] study) who had the opportunity of taking siestas because it is culturally embedded. RESULTS Thirty-five percent of participants usually took siestas (16% long siestas). Compared with the no-siesta group, long siestas were associated with higher values of BMI, waist circumference, fasting glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure, as well as with a higher prevalence of MetS (41%; p = 0.015). In contrast, the probability of having elevated SBP was lower in the short-siesta group (21%; p = 0.044) than in the no-siesta group. Smoking a higher number of cigarettes per day mediated the association of long siestas with higher BMI (by 12%, percentage of association mediated by smoking; p < 0.05). Similarly, delays in nighttime sleep and eating schedules and higher energy intake at lunch (the meal preceding siestas) mediated the association between higher BMI and long siestas by 8%, 4%, and 5% (all p < 0.05). Napping in bed (vs. sofa/armchair) showed a trend to mediate the association between long siestas and higher SBP (by 6%; p = 0.055). CONCLUSIONS Siesta duration is relevant in obesity/MetS. Timing of nighttime sleep and eating, energy intake at lunch, cigarette smoking, and siesta location mediated this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Vizmanos
- Institute of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Philosophical, Methodological and Instrumental Disciplines, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Nutritional Status Assessment Laboratory, Department of Human Reproduction, Child Growth and Development Clinics, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
- Department of Public Health, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ana Isabel Cascales
- Department of Physiology, Regional Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Martín
- Department of Physiology, Regional Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Diego Salmerón
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain
- Health and Social Sciences Department, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain
- Health and Social Sciences Department, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurora Aragón-Alonso
- Endocrinology and Nutrition Service, Clinical University Hospital Virgin of the Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Frank A J L Scheer
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marta Garaulet
- Department of Physiology, Regional Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Reategui M, Reategui D, Morales E, Reategui R, Aguirre C. Effect of Geographic Altitude on Carbon Stock in two Physiographic Units of the Reserved Forest of the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva. Nat Env Poll Tech 2023. [DOI: 10.46488/nept.2023.v22i01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of geographic altitude on the carbon stock in two physiographic units of the Reserved Forest of the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo Maria-Huanuco. The methodology used was the field manual for the remeasurement and establishment of plots of the Amazon Forest Inventory Network (RAINFOR), for which 2 hectares were permanently established (one hectare in low and high hills) in which the diameter (greater than or equal to 10 cm) and the height of the trees were measured. Finally, the density of the wood was obtained from previous studies. The pantropical model formula was used to estimate the carbon stock. The results show that geographic altitude significantly affects carbon stock (p < 0.05) in low and high-hill forests, concluding that this may be due to differences in meteorological variables such as precipitation, temperature, and humidity.
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Langan SM, Mulick AR, Rutter CE, Silverwood R, Asher I, García‐Marcos L, Ellwood E, Bissell K, Chiang C, Sony AE, Ellwood P, Marks G, Mortimer K, Martínez‐Torres AE, Morales E, Perez‐Fernandez V, Robertson S, Williams H, Strachan DP, Pearce N, Bissell K, Chiang CY, Marks , Mortimer K, Masekela R, Perez‐Fernández V, Martinez‐Torres AE, Robertson S, Rutter CE, Silverwood RJ, Mallol J, Soto‐Martinez ME, Cabrera Aguilar A, Douros K, Mohammed S, Singh M, Singh V, Sukumaran TU, Awasthi S, Kabra SK, Salvi S, Mérida‐Palacio JV, González‐Díaz SN, Navarrete‐Rodriguez EM, Sánchez JF, Falade AG, Zar HJ, López‐Silvarrey Varela A, González Díaz C, Nour M, Dib G, Mohammad Y, Huang J, Chinratanapisit S, Soto‐Quirós ME, El‐Sony A, Vichyanond P, Aguilar P, Barba S, Kumar L, Sharma SK, Hanumante NM, García‐Almaráz R, Merida‐Palacio JV, Del‐Río‐Navarro BE, Linares‐Zapién FJ, Onadeko BO, Musa OAA, Aguirre V, Baeza‐Bacab M, Mohammad S, Cortéz E, Gratziou CH, Chopra K, Nelson H, Rubio AD, Hsieh K, Shah J. Trends in eczema prevalence in children and adolescents: A Global Asthma Network Phase I Study. Clin Exp Allergy 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/cea.14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy R. Mulick
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK
| | | | - Richard J. Silverwood
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute University College London London UK
| | - Innes Asher
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Luis García‐Marcos
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital University of Murcia Murcia Spain
- IMIB Bio‐health Research Institute Murcia Spain
- ARADyAL Allergy Network Murcia Spain
| | - Eamon Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Karen Bissell
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Chen‐Yuan Chiang
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Paris France
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan
| | - Asma El Sony
- Epidemiological Laboratory (Epi‐Lab) for Public Health, Research and Development Khartoum Sudan
| | - Philippa Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand
| | - Guy B. Marks
- Respiratory & Environmental Epidemiology University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Department of Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Liverpool UK
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine University of KwaZulu‐Natal Durban South Africa
| | - A. Elena Martínez‐Torres
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units and Nurse Research Group Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital Murcia Spain
- IMIB Bio‐health Research Institute, Edificio Departamental‐Laib Murcia Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- IMIB Bio‐health Research Institute, Edificio Departamental‐Laib Murcia Spain
- Department of Public Health Sciences University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - Virginia Perez‐Fernandez
- IMIB Bio‐health Research Institute, Edificio Departamental‐Laib Murcia Spain
- Department of Biostatistics University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - Steven Robertson
- Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute University College London London UK
| | - Hywel C. Williams
- Centre for Evidence‐Based Dermatology University of Nottingham Nottingam UK
| | - David P. Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute St George's, University of London London UK
| | - Neil Pearce
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine London UK
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García-Marcos L, Chiang CY, Asher MI, Marks GB, El Sony A, Masekela R, Bissell K, Ellwood E, Ellwood P, Pearce N, Strachan DP, Mortimer K, Morales E, Ajeagah GA, Alkhayer G, Alomary SA, Ambriz-Moreno MJ, Arias-Cruz A, Awasthi S, Badellino H, Behniafard N, Bercedo-Sanz A, Brożek G, Bucaliu-Ismajli I, Cabrera-Aguilar A, Chinratanapisit S, Del-Río-Navarro BE, Douros K, El Sadig H, Escalante-Dominguez AJ, Falade AG, Gacaferri-Lumezi B, García-Almaráz R, Garcia-Muñoz R, Ghashi V, Ghoshal AG, González-Díaz C, Hana-Lleshi L, Hernández-Mondragón LO, Huang JL, Jiménez-González CA, Juan-Pineda MÁ, Kochar SK, Kuzmicheva K, Linares-Zapien FJ, Lokaj-Berisha V, López-Silvarrey A, Lozano-Sáenz JS, Mahesh PA, Mallol J, Martinez-Torres AE, Masekela R, Mérida-Palacio JV, Mohammad Y, Moreno-Gardea HL, Navarrete-Rodriguez EM, Ndikum AE, Noor M, Ochoa-Lopez G, Pajaziti L, Pellegrini-Belinchon J, Perez-Fernández V, Priftis K, Ramos-García BC, Ranasinghe JC, Robertson S, Rodriguez-Perez N, Rutter CE, Sacre-Hazouri JA, Salvi S, Sanchez JF, Sánchez JF, Sanchez-Coronel MG, Saucedo-Ramirez OJ, Singh M, Singh N, Singh V, Sinha S, Sit N, Sosa-Ferrari SM, Soto-Martínez ME, Urrutia-Pereira M, Yeh KW, Zar HJ, Zhjeqi V. Asthma management and control in children, adolescents, and adults in 25 countries: a Global Asthma Network Phase I cross-sectional study. Lancet Glob Health 2023; 11:e218-e228. [PMID: 36669806 PMCID: PMC9885426 DOI: 10.1016/s2214-109x(22)00506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is one of the most common non-communicable diseases globally. This study aimed to assess asthma medicine use, management plan availability, and disease control in childhood, adolescence, and adulthood across different country settings. METHODS We used data from the Global Asthma Network Phase I cross-sectional epidemiological study (2015-20). A validated, written questionnaire was distributed via schools to three age groups (children, 6-7 years; adolescents, 13-14 years; and adults, ≥19 years). Eligible adults were the parents or guardians of children and adolescents included in the surveys. In individuals with asthma diagnosed by a doctor, we collated responses on past-year asthma medicines use (type of inhaled or oral medicine, and frequency of use). Questions on asthma symptoms and health visits were used to define past-year symptom severity and extent of asthma control. Income categories for countries based on gross national income per capita followed the 2020 World Bank classification. Proportions (and 95% CI clustered by centre) were used to describe results. Generalised structural equation multilevel models were used to assess factors associated with receiving medicines and having poorly controlled asthma in each age group. FINDINGS Overall, 453 473 individuals from 63 centres in 25 countries were included, comprising 101 777 children (6445 [6·3%] with asthma diagnosed by a doctor), 157 784 adolescents (12 532 [7·9%]), and 193 912 adults (6677 [3·4%]). Use of asthma medicines varied by symptom severity and country income category. The most used medicines in the previous year were inhaled short-acting β2 agonists (SABA; range across age groups, 29·3-85·3% participants) and inhaled corticosteroids (12·6-51·9%). The proportion of individuals with severe asthma symptoms not taking inhaled corticosteroids (inhaled corticosteroids alone or with long-acting β2 agonists) was high in all age groups (934 [44·8%] of 2085 children, 2011 [60·1%] of 3345 adolescents, and 1142 [55·5%] of 2058 adults), and was significantly higher in middle-to-low-income countries. Oral SABA and theophylline were used across age groups and country income categories, contrary to current guidelines. Asthma management plans were used by 4049 (62·8%) children, 6694 (53·4%) adolescents, and 3168 (47·4%) adults; and 2840 (44·1%) children, 6942 (55·4%) adolescents, and 4081 (61·1%) adults had well controlled asthma. Independently of country income and asthma severity, having an asthma management plan was significantly associated with the use of any type of inhaled medicine (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2·75 [95% CI 2·40-3·15] for children; 2·45 [2·25-2·67] for adolescents; and 2·75 [2·38-3·16] for adults) or any type of oral medicine (1·86 [1·63-2·12] for children; 1·53 [1·40-1·68] for adolescents; and 1·78 [1·55-2·04] for adults). Poor asthma control was associated with low country income (lower-middle-income and low-income countries vs high-income countries, adjusted OR 2·33 [95% CI 1·32-4·14] for children; 3·46 [1·83-6·54] for adolescents; and 4·86 [2·55-9·26] for adults). INTERPRETATION Asthma management and control is frequently inadequate, particularly in low-resource settings. Strategies should be implemented to improve adherence to asthma treatment guidelines worldwide, with emphasis on access to affordable and quality-assured essential asthma medicines especially in low-income and middle-income countries. FUNDING International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Boehringer Ingelheim New Zealand, AstraZeneca, UK National Institute for Health Research, UK Medical Research Council, European Research Council, the Spanish Instituto de Salud Carlos III. TRANSLATION For the Spanish translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis García-Marcos
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children‘s Hospital, University of Murcia and IMIB Bio-medical Research Institute, Murcia, Spain,ARADyAL Allergy Network, Murcia, Spain,Correspondence to: Prof Luis García-Marcos, Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children‘s Hospital, University of Murcia and IMIB Bio-medical Research Institute, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Chen-Yuan Chiang
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M Innes Asher
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Guy B Marks
- Respiratory and Environmental Epidemiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Asma El Sony
- Epidemiological Laboratory for Public Health, Research and Development, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Refiloe Masekela
- Inkosi Albert Luthuli Central Hospital, College of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Karen Bissell
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Eamon Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Philippa Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa,Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK,Respiratory Medicine, Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK,Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eva Morales
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia and IMIB Bio-medical Research Institute, Murcia, Spain
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Rodríguez-Almaraz E, Gutiérrez-Solís E, Rabadán E, Rodríguez P, Alonso M, Carmona L, de Yébenes MJG, Morales E, Galindo-Izquierdo M. Searching for a prognostic index in lupus nephritis. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:19. [PMID: 36631838 PMCID: PMC9832788 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00946-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently we do not have an ideal biomarker in lupus nephritis (LN) that should help us to identify those patients with SLE at risk of developing LN or to determine those patients at risk of renal progression. We aimed to evaluate the development of a prognostic index for LN, through the evaluation of clinical, analytical and histological factors used in a cohort of lupus. We have proposed to determine which factors, 6 months after the diagnosis of LN, could help us to define which patients will have a worse evolution of the disease and may be, more aggressive treatment and closer follow-up. METHODS A retrospective study to identify prognostic factors was carried out. We have included patients over 18 years of age with a clinical diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and kidney involvement confirmed by biopsy, who are followed up in our centre during the last 20 years. A multi-step statistical approach will be used in order to obtain a limited set of parameters, optimally selected and weighted, that show a satisfactory ability to discriminate between patients with different levels of prognosis. RESULTS We analysed 92 patients with LN, although only 73 have been able to be classified according to whether or not they have presented poor renal evolution. The age of onset (44 vs. 32; p = 0.024), the value of serum creatinine (1.41 vs. 1.04; p = 0.041), greater frequency of thrombocytopenia (30 vs. 7%; p = 0.038), higher score in the renal chronicity index (2.47 vs. 1.04; p = 0.015), proliferative histological type (100%) and higher frequency of interstitial fibrosis (67 vs. 32%; p = 0.017) and tubular atrophy (67 vs. 32%; p = 0.018) was observed between two groups. The multivariate analysis allowed us to select the best predictive model for poor outcome at 6 months based on different adjustment and discrimination parameters. CONCLUSION We have developed a prognostic index of poor renal evolution in patients with LN that combines demographic, clinical, analytical and histopathological factors, easy to use in routine clinical practice and that could be an effective tool in the early detection and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Rodríguez-Almaraz
- grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Avda. Córdoba Km 5.400, 28041 Madrid, Spain ,grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Research Institute of University Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Gutiérrez-Solís
- grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Department of Nephrology, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain ,grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Research Institute of University Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - E. Rabadán
- grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Avda. Córdoba Km 5.400, 28041 Madrid, Spain
| | - P. Rodríguez
- grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Department of Nephrology, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Alonso
- grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Department of Pathology, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain
| | - L. Carmona
- grid.489005.0Instituto de Salud Musculoesquelética (Inmusc), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - E. Morales
- grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Department of Nephrology, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Madrid, Spain ,grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Research Institute of University Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), Madrid, Spain ,grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667 Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - M. Galindo-Izquierdo
- grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital “12 de Octubre”, Avda. Córdoba Km 5.400, 28041 Madrid, Spain ,grid.144756.50000 0001 1945 5329Research Institute of University Hospital “12 de Octubre” (imas12), Madrid, Spain ,grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667 Department of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Grández J, Oliva M, Morales E, Goñas M, Chavez S, Guivin A, Quiñones L, Milla M. Evaluation of Heavy Metals in Vegetables from Two Origins Marketed in Northern Peru. Nat Env Poll Tech 2022. [DOI: 10.46488/nept.2022.v21i05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate the concentration of arsenic, chromium, cadmium, and lead in onion (Allium fistulosum and Allium cepa), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and celery (Apium graveolens) from two origins (local - Chachapoyas province and from the coast-province of Chiclayo) that are sold in the model market of the city of Chachapoyas. Six samples were taken on three different dates in November 2020, which were collected by non-probabilistic sampling (by convenience), which allowed choosing the most appropriate sample (according to its origin). For the determination of heavy metals, the Agilent 4100 MP-AES spectrometer was used. The concentration of As, Cr, and Cd in the vegetables remained below the Maximum Allowable Limits of the international standards with which they were compared; however, the concentration of Pb exceeded the Maximum Allowable Limits in all the samples analyzed, obtaining the lowest value in the celery samples from the local origin (0.15 mg.kg-1) and the highest value in the tomato samples from the coast (0.21 mg.kg-1). Therefore, it is concluded that only Pb is higher than the Maximum Allowable Limits with which it was compared.
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Pantoja Aliaga C, Ponce-Salazar D, Miguel-Gonzales M, Bermúdez W, Morales E, Pariona D, Vivanco-Mackie HW. 8 First twin lambs produced from demi-embryos in the high Andes of Peru. Reprod Fertil Dev 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/rdv35n2ab8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
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Ellwood P, Asher I, Bissell K, Chiang CY, Ellwood E, Sony AE, García-Marcos L, Marks G, Masekela R, Morales E, Mortimer K, Pearce N, Strachan D. Asthma Network. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:14-15. [PMID: 36284425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
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Strachan D, Rutter C, Morales E, Pérez Fernández V, Mortimer K. Asthma Deaths. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:24-28. [PMID: 36284419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
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13
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García-Marcos L, Chiang CY, Silverwood R, Asher I, Marks G, Mortimer K, Ellwood P, Morales E, El-Sony A. Global Asthma Management and Control. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:29-31. [PMID: 36284433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
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14
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Pearce N, García-Marcos L, Morales E, Strachan D, Marks G, Asher I. Asthma and Factors Affecting it. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:16-19. [PMID: 36284411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
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Navarro-Lafuente F, Adoamnei E, Arense-Gonzalo JJ, Prieto-Sánchez MT, Sánchez-Ferrer ML, Parrado A, Fernández MF, Suarez B, López-Acosta A, Sánchez-Guillamón A, García-Marcos L, Morales E, Mendiola J, Torres-Cantero AM. Maternal urinary concentrations of bisphenol A during pregnancy are associated with global DNA methylation in cord blood of newborns in the "NELA" birth cohort. Sci Total Environ 2022; 838:156540. [PMID: 35688234 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) set a public health risk through disruption of normal physiological processes. The toxicoepigenetic mechanisms of developmental exposure to common EDCs, such as bisphenol A (BPA), are poorly known. The present study aimed to evaluate associations between perinatal maternal urinary concentrations of BPA, bisphenol S (BPS) and bisphenol F (BPF) and LINE-1 (long interspersed nuclear elements) and Alu (short interspersed nuclear elements, SINEs) DNA methylation levels in newborns, as surrogate markers of global DNA methylation. Data come from 318 mother-child pairs of the `Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma´ (NELA) birth cohort. Urinary bisphenol concentration was measured by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction and ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry detection. DNA methylation was quantitatively assessed by bisulphite pyrosequencing on 3 LINEs and 5 SINEs. Unadjusted linear regression analyses showed that higher concentration of maternal urinary BPA in 24th week's pregnancy was associated with an increase in LINE-1 methylation in all newborns (p = 0.01) and, particularly, in male newborns (p = 0.03). These associations remained in full adjusted models [beta = 0.09 (95 % CI = 0.03; 0.14) for all newborns; and beta = 0.10 (95 % CI = 0.03; 0.17) for males], including a non-linear association for female newborns as well (p-trend = 0.003). No associations were found between maternal concentrations of bisphenol and Alu sequences. Our results suggest that exposure to environmental levels of BPA may be associated with a modest increase in LINE-1 methylation -as a relevant marker of epigenomic stability- during human fetal development. However, any effects on global DNA methylation are likely to be small, and of uncertain biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evdochia Adoamnei
- University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain.
| | - Julián J Arense-Gonzalo
- University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - María T Prieto-Sánchez
- University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - María L Sánchez-Ferrer
- University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonio Parrado
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Mariana F Fernández
- University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Suarez
- University of Granada, Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs. Granada, Granada, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis García-Marcos
- University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain; Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaime Mendiola
- University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto M Torres-Cantero
- University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain; "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain; Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Morales E, Chávez S, García L, Caetano AC, Veneros J, Barrena MÁ, Oliva M. Variation in the Alcohol Components of Coffea arabica L. Wastewater Distillate Fermented Under Different Conditions. Nat Env Poll Tech 2022. [DOI: 10.46488/nept.2022.v21i03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Coffee is the second-most consumed beverage in the world, and its high demand is covered by countries such as Peru, where the waste generated in production causes environmental pollution. We sought to determine the concentration of alcohol components and other volatiles compounds present in the distillate, after fermenting wastewater from the first wash in the wet processing of Coffea arabica var. catimor under five conditions: C1 (pasteurized + 0.325 g sucrose + 8.000 g S. cerevisiae), C2 = (pasteurized + 8.000 g S. cerevisiae), C3 (0.325 g sucrose + 8.000 g S. cerevisiae), C4 = (8.000 g S. cerevisiae), and C5 = (natural state). The solid-phase microextraction technique was used to determine the composition of the distillates by gas chromatography (GC). 35 components were detected, 11 of them under all conditions. Ethanol was the most abundant element in all five fermentation conditions. Condition 1 shows the highest value at 97.29 μg.mL-1, though all five concentrations can be considered high. This study shows that wastewater from the wet processing of coffee can have agro-industrial use as a value-added product. Postharvest Peruvian coffee is amenable to strategies aligned with the sustainable development goal of reducing food losses along production and supply chains.
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Morales E, García-Serna AM, Larqué E, Sánchez-Campillo M, Serrano-Munera A, Martinez-Graciá C, Santaella-Pascual M, Suárez-Martínez C, Vioque J, Noguera-Velasco JA, Avilés-Plaza FV, Martínez-Villanueva M, Ballesteros-Meseguer C, Galdo-Castiñeira L, García-Marcos L. Dietary Patterns in Pregnancy and Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Mothers and Offspring: The NELA Birth Cohort. Front Nutr 2022; 9:869357. [PMID: 35495932 PMCID: PMC9039535 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.869357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although adherence to the Mediterranean and antioxidant-rich diets during pregnancy is suggested to improve maternal-fetal health by reducing oxidative stress, yet there is no study available. Objective We examined whether maternal dietary patterns in pregnancy impact the biomarkers of oxidative stress in mothers and their offspring. Methods Study population included 642 mothers and 335 newborns of the "Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma" (NELA) birth cohort. Maternal diet during pregnancy was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire and a priori-defined dietary indices (relative Mediterranean Diet [rMED], alternative Mediterranean Diet [aMED], Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension [DASH], Alternate Healthy Index [AHEI], and AHEI-2010) were calculated. Biomarkers measured were: hydroperoxides, carbonyl groups, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8OHdG) determined in maternal blood and newborn cord blood, and urinary maternal and offspring 15-F2t-isoprostane. Multivariate linear regression models were performed. Results Maternal rMED score was inversely associated with the maternal levels of 8OHdG at mid-pregnancy (beta per 1-point increase = -1.61; 95% CI -2.82, -0.39) and the newborn levels of hydroperoxides (beta per 1-point increase = -4.54; 95% CI -9.32, 0.25). High vs. low maternal rMED score was marginally associated with the decreased levels of 8OHdG in newborns (beta = -9.17; 95% CI -19.9, 1.63; p for trend 0.079). Maternal DASH score tended to be inversely associated with maternal urinary 15-F2t-isoprostane (beta per 1-point increase = -0.69; 95% CI, -1.44, 0.06). High vs. low maternal AHEI score was associated with reduced offspring urinary levels of 15-F2t-isoprostane (beta = -20.2; 95% CI -38.0, -2.46; p for trend 0.026). Conclusion These results suggest that maternal adherence to healthy dietary patterns during pregnancy may reduce DNA damage and lipid oxidation in mothers and offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Azahara M García-Serna
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elvira Larqué
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Carmen Martinez-Graciá
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Santaella-Pascual
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Clara Suárez-Martínez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante, University Miguel Hernandez (ISABIAL-UMH), Alicante, Spain.,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - José A Noguera-Velasco
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco V Avilés-Plaza
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miriam Martínez-Villanueva
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Ballesteros-Meseguer
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lina Galdo-Castiñeira
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,ARADyAL Allergy Network, Madrid, Spain
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18
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Morales E, Alcantara-Lopez MV, Cabezas-Herrera J, de Diego T, Hernandez-Caselles T, Jimenez-Guerrero P, Larque E, Lopez-Soler C, Martinez-Gracia C, Martinez-Torres A, Martin-Orozco E, Mendiola J, Nieto-Díaz A, Noguera JA, Perez-Fernandez V, Prieto-Sánchez MT, Salvador-Garcia C, Sanchez-Solis M, Santaella-Pascual M, Sola-Martinez RA, Torres-Cantero A, Yagüe-Guirao G, Zornoza-Moreno M, Garcia-Marcos L. The Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) birth cohort study: Rationale, design, and methods. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2022; 36:310-324. [PMID: 34841558 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary prevention strategies for asthma are lacking. Its inception probably starts in utero and/or during the early postnatal period as the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) paradigm suggests. OBJECTIVES The main objective of Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) cohort study is to unravel whether the following factors contribute causally to the developmental origins of asthma: (1) maternal obesity/adiposity and foetal growth; (2) maternal and child nutrition; (3) outdoor air pollution; (4) endocrine disruptors; and (5) maternal psychological stress. Maternal and offspring biological samples are used to assess changes in offspring microbiome, immune system, epigenome and volatilome as potential mechanisms influencing disease susceptibility. POPULATION Randomly selected pregnant women from three health areas of Murcia, a south-eastern Mediterranean region of Spain, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were invited to participate at the time of the follow-up visit for routine foetal anatomy scan at 19-22 weeks of gestation, at the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit of the "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital over a 36-month period, from March 2015 to April 2018. DESIGN Prospective, population-based, maternal-child, birth cohort study. METHODS Questionnaires on exposures and outcome variables were administered to mothers at 20-24 gestation week; 32-36 gestation week; and delivery. Children were surveyed at birth, 3 and 18 months of age and currently at 5 years. Furthermore, physical examinations were performed; and different measurements and biological samples were obtained at these time points. PRELIMINARY RESULTS Among the 1350 women invited to participate, 738 (54%) were finally enrolled in the study and 720 of their children were eligible at birth. The adherence was high with 612 children (83%) attending the 3 months' visit and 532 children (72%) attending the 18 months' visit. CONCLUSION The NELA cohort will add original and unique knowledge to the developmental origins of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria V Alcantara-Lopez
- Paediatric Psychology Unit, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" Children's University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Cabezas-Herrera
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Teresa de Diego
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Trinidad Hernandez-Caselles
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pedro Jimenez-Guerrero
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Regional Atmospheric Modelling Group, Department of Physics, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elvira Larque
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Maternal and Children Health Network (SAMID III), Murcia, Spain
| | - Concepción Lopez-Soler
- Paediatric Psychology Unit, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" Children's University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Paediatric and Adolescent Clinical Psychology University Research Group (GUIIA-PC), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carmen Martinez-Gracia
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Antonela Martinez-Torres
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Paediatric Respiratory and Allergy Units, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" Children's University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Martin-Orozco
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaime Mendiola
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Anibal Nieto-Díaz
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Materno-Fetal Medicine Unit, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Service, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jose A Noguera
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Virginia Perez-Fernandez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Teresa Prieto-Sánchez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Materno-Fetal Medicine Unit, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Service, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Carme Salvador-Garcia
- Microbiology Service, General University Hospital Consortium, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Solis
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Paediatric Respiratory and Allergy Units, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" Children's University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Santaella-Pascual
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rosa A Sola-Martinez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Torres-Cantero
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Preventive Medicine Service, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Genoveva Yagüe-Guirao
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Microbiology Service, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Department of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Matilde Zornoza-Moreno
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,"Vistalegre-La Flota" Health Center, Health System of Murcia (SMS), Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis Garcia-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Paediatric Respiratory and Allergy Units, "Virgen de la Arrixaca" Children's University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), Murcia, Spain
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19
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Mortimer K, Lesosky M, García-Marcos L, Innes Asher M, Pearce N, Ellwood E, Bissell K, El Sony A, Ellwood P, Marks GB, Martínez-Torres A, Morales E, Perez-Fernandez V, Robertson S, Rutter CE, Silverwood RJ, Strachan DP, Chiang CY. The burden of asthma, hay fever and eczema in adults in 17 countries: GAN Phase I study. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.02865-2021. [PMID: 35210319 PMCID: PMC9474894 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02865-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Asthma, hay fever and eczema are three common chronic conditions. There are no recent multi-country data on the burden of these three conditions in adults; the aims of this study are to fill this evidence gap.The Global Asthma Network (GAN) Phase I is a multi-country cross-sectional population-based study using the same core methodology as the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase III. It provides data on the burden of asthma, hay fever, and eczema not only in children and adolescents but also for the first time in their parents/guardians.Data were available from 193 912 adults (104 061 female; mean age 38 (sd 7.5)) in 43 centres in 17 countries. The overall prevalences (range) of symptoms of current wheeze, asthma ever, hay fever ever and eczema ever were 6.6% (0.9%-32.7%), 4.4%(0.9%-29.0%), 14.4%(2.8%-45.7%), and 9.9%(1.6%-29.5%), respectively. Centre prevalence varied considerably both between countries and within countries. There was a moderate correlation between hay fever ever and asthma ever, and between eczema ever and hay fever ever at the centre level. There were moderate to strong correlations between indicators of the burden of disease reported in adults and the two younger age groups.We found evidence for a substantial burden of asthma, hay fever ever and eczema ever in countries examined highlighting the major public health importance of these diseases. Prevention strategies and equitable access to effective and affordable treatments for these three conditions would help mitigate the avoidable morbidity they cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Mortimer
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.,Full professor
| | - Maia Lesosky
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.,School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.,Full professor
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia and IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Murcia.,ARADyAL Allergy Network, Edificio Departamental-Laib, Murcia, Spain.,Full professor
| | - M Innes Asher
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, , Auckland, New Zealand.,Full professor
| | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Full professor
| | - Eamon Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, , Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karen Bissell
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Asma El Sony
- Epidemiological Laboratory (Epi-Lab) for Public Health, Research and Development, Khartoum, Sudan.,Full professor
| | - Philippa Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, , Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Guy B Marks
- Respiratory & Environmental Epidemiology, University of New South Wales, , Sydney , Australia.,Full professor
| | - Antonela Martínez-Torres
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units and Nurse Research Group, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital.,IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Murcia, Edificio Departamental-Laib, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, and IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Edificio Departamental-Laib, Murcia, Spain
| | - Virginia Perez-Fernandez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Murcia, and IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Edificio Departamental-Laib, Murcia, Spain.,Full professor
| | - Steven Robertson
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Charlotte E Rutter
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, , London WC1H 0AL, UK
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.,Full professor
| | - Chen-Yuan Chiang
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France .,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, , Taipei , Taiwan.,Full professor.,Global Asthma Network Phase I Study Group listed at the end of the report
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20
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García-Marcos L, Innes Asher M, Pearce N, Ellwood E, Bissell K, Chiang CY, El Sony A, Ellwood P, Marks GB, Mortimer K, Elena Martínez-Torres A, Morales E, Perez-Fernandez V, Robertson S, Rutter CE, Silverwood RJ, Strachan DP. The burden of asthma, hay fever and eczema in children in 25 countries: GAN Phase I study. Eur Respir J 2022; 60:13993003.02866-2021. [PMID: 35144987 PMCID: PMC9474895 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02866-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims There have been no worldwide standardised surveys of prevalence and severity of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in school children for 15 years. The present study aims to provide this information. Methods Following the exact International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) methodology (cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey), Global Asthma Network (GAN) Phase I was carried out between 2015 and 2020 in many centres worldwide. Results The study included 157 784 adolescents (13–14 years of age) in 63 centres in 25 countries and 101 777 children (6–7 years of age) in 44 centres in 16 countries. The current prevalence of symptoms, respectively, was 11.0% and 9.1% for asthma, 13.3% and 7.7% for rhinoconjunctivitis and 6.4% and 5.9% for eczema. The prevalence of asthma ever was 10.5% and 7.6%, hay fever ever was 15.2% and 11.1% and eczema ever was 10.6% and 13.4%, respectively. Centres in low or lower middle gross national income countries (LICs or LMICs) had significantly lower prevalence of the three disease symptoms and diagnoses (except for hay fever). In children, the prevalence of asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms was higher in boys, while the reverse occurred among adolescents. For eczema, while the prevalence among female adolescents was double that of males, there was no sex difference among children. Centre accounted for non-negligible variability in all disease symptoms (10–20%). Conclusion The burdens of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema vary widely among the limited number of countries studied. Although symptom prevalence is lower in LICs and LMICs, it represents a considerable burden everywhere studied. There is a substantial global burden of asthma, hay fever and eczema in adolescents and children, representing a major global public health problem. Accessible, affordable, equitable and effective strategies are needed to reduce this burden.https://bit.ly/3nXKkzd
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis García-Marcos
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia and IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Murcia
| | | | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Karen Bissell
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Chen-Yuan Chiang
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Asma El Sony
- Epidemiological Laboratory (Epi-Lab) for Public Health, Research and Development, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | - Guy B Marks
- Respiratory & Environmental Epidemiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Liverpool University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - A Elena Martínez-Torres
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units and Nurse Research Group, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital.,IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, and IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Murcia, Spain
| | - Virginia Perez-Fernandez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Murcia, and IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Murcia, Spain
| | - Steven Robertson
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Charlotte E Rutter
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
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21
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García-Serna AM, Martín-Orozco E, Jiménez-Guerrero P, Hernández-Caselles T, Pérez-Fernández V, Cantero-Cano E, Muñoz-García M, Molina-Ruano MD, Rojo-Atenza E, García-Marcos L, Morales E, Garcia‐Marcos L, Gimenez‐Banon MJ, Martinez‐Torres A, Morales E, Perez‐Fernandez V, Sanchez‐Solis M, Nieto A, Prieto‐Sanchez MT, Sanchez‐Ferrer M, Fernanez‐Palacios L, Gomez‐Gomez VP, Martinez‐Gracia C, Peso‐Echarri P, Ros‐Berruezo G, Santaella‐Pacual M, Gazquez A, Larque E, Pastor‐Fajardo MT, Sanchez‐Campillo M, Serrano‐Munuera A, Zornoza‐Moreno M, Jimenez‐Guerrero P, Adomnei E, Arense‐Gonzalo JJ, Mendiola J, Navarro‐Lafuente F, Torres‐Cantero AM, Salvador‐Garcia C, Segovia‐Hernández M, Yagüe‐Guirao G, Valero‐Guillén PL, Aviles‐Plaza FV, Cabezas‐Herrera J, Martinez‐Lopez A, Martinez‐Villanueva M, Noguera‐Velasco JA, Franco‐Garcia A, Garcia‐Serna AM, Hernandez‐Caselles T, Martin‐Orozco E, Norte‐Muñoz M, Canovas M, Cantero‐Cano E, de Diego T, Pastor JM, Sola‐Martínez RA, Esteban‐Gil A, Fernández‐Breis JT, Alcántara MV, Hernández S, López‐Soler C. Cytokine profiles in cord blood in relation to prenatal traffic-related air pollution: The NELA cohort. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13732. [PMID: 35212052 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor air pollution may disturb immune system development. We investigated whether gestational exposure to traffic-related air pollutants (TRAP) is associated with unstimulated cytokine profiles in newborns. METHODS Data come from 235 newborns of the NELA cohort. Innate response-related cytokines (IL-6, IFN-α, IL1-β, and TNF-α), Th1-related (IFN-γ and IL-2), Th2-related (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), Th17-related (IL-17 and IL-23), and immunomodulatory cytokine IL-10 were quantified in the supernatant of unstimulated whole umbilical cord blood cells after 7 days of culture using the Luminex technology. Dispersion/chemical transport modeling was used to estimate long-term (whole pregnancy and trimesters) and short-term (15 days before delivery) residential exposures to traffic-related nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10 ), and ozone (O3 ). We fitted multivariable logistic regression, Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression models. RESULTS NO2 during the whole pregnancy increased the odds of detection of IL-1β (OR per 10 µg/m3 increase = 1.37; 95% CI, 1.02, 1.85) and IL-6 (OR per 10 µg/m3 increase = 1.32; 95% CI 1.00, 1.75). Increased odds of detected concentrations of IL-10 was found in newborns exposed during whole pregnancy to higher levels of NO2 (OR per 10 µg/m3 increase = 1.30; 95% CI 0.99, 1.69), PM10 (OR per 10 µg/m3 increase = 1.49; 95% CI 0.95, 2.33), and PM2.5 (OR per 5 µg/m3 increase = 1.56; 95% CI 0.97, 2.51). Exposure to O3 during the whole pregnancy increased the odds of detected IL-13 (OR per 10 µg/m3 increase = 1.22; 95% CI 1.01, 1.49). WQS model revealed first and third trimesters of gestation as windows of higher susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS Gestational exposure to TRAP may increase detection of pro-inflammatory, Th2-related, and T regulatory cytokines in newborns. These changes might influence immune system responses later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azahara M García-Serna
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Martín-Orozco
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Regional Atmospheric Modelling Group, Department of Physics, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Trinidad Hernández-Caselles
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Pérez-Fernández
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - María Dolores Molina-Ruano
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Encarna Rojo-Atenza
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Service, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), Madrid, Spain.,Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,Department of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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22
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Strachan DP, Rutter CE, Asher MI, Bissell K, Chiang CY, El Sony A, Ellwood E, Ellwood P, García-Marcos L, Marks GB, Morales E, Mortimer K, Pearce N, Pérez-Fernández V, Robertson S, Silverwood RJ. Worldwide time trends in prevalence of symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis in children: Global Asthma Network Phase I. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13656. [PMID: 34453861 PMCID: PMC9012331 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Global Asthma Network (GAN), by using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) methodology, has updated trends in prevalence of symptoms of childhood allergic diseases, including non-infective rhinitis and conjunctivitis ('rhinoconjunctivitis'), which is reported here. METHODS Prevalence and severity of rhinoconjunctivitis were assessed by questionnaire among schoolchildren in GAN Phase I and ISAAC Phase I and III surveys 15-23 years apart. Absolute rates of change in prevalence were estimated for each centre and modelled by multi-level linear regression to compare trends by age group, time period and per capita national income. RESULTS Twenty-seven GAN centres in 14 countries surveyed 74,361 13- to 14-year-olds ('adolescents') and 45,434 6- to 7-year-olds ('children'), with average response proportions of 90% and 79%, respectively. Many centres showed highly significant (p < .001) changes in prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis in the past year ('current rhinoconjunctivitis') compared with ISAAC. The direction and magnitude of centre-level trends varied significantly (p < .001) both within and between countries. Overall, current rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence decreased slightly from ISAAC Phase III to GAN: -1.32% per 10 years, 95% CI [-2.93%, +0.30%] among adolescents; and -0.44% [-1.29%, +0.42%] among children. Together, these differed significantly (p < .001) from the upward trend within ISAAC. Among adolescents, centre-level trends in current rhinoconjunctivitis were highly correlated with those for eczema symptoms (rho = 0.72, p < .0001) but not with centre-level trends in asthma symptoms (rho = 0.15, p = .48). Among children, these correlations were positive but not significant. CONCLUSION Symptoms of non-infective rhinoconjunctivitis among schoolchildren may no longer be on the increase globally, although trends vary substantially within and between countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Charlotte E Rutter
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Monica Innes Asher
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karen Bissell
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chen-Yuan Chiang
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Asma El Sony
- Epidemiological Laboratory (Epi-Lab) for Public Health, Research and Development, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Eamon Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Philippa Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia and IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Murcia, Spain.,ARADyAL Allergy Network, Edificio Departamental-Laib, Murcia, Spain
| | - Guy B Marks
- Respiratory & Environmental Epidemiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eva Morales
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Edificio Departamental-Laib, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Virginia Pérez-Fernández
- IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Edificio Departamental-Laib, Murcia, Spain.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Steven Robertson
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.,Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
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23
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Asher MI, Rutter CE, Bissell K, Chiang CY, El Sony A, Ellwood E, Ellwood P, García-Marcos L, Marks GB, Morales E, Mortimer K, Pérez-Fernández V, Robertson S, Silverwood RJ, Strachan DP, Pearce N. Worldwide trends in the burden of asthma symptoms in school-aged children: Global Asthma Network Phase I cross-sectional study. Lancet 2021; 398:1569-1580. [PMID: 34755626 PMCID: PMC8573635 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)01450-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children globally. The Global Asthma Network (GAN) Phase I study aimed to determine if the worldwide burden of asthma symptoms is changing. METHODS This updated cross-sectional study used the same methods as the International study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase III. Asthma symptoms were assessed from centres that completed GAN Phase I and ISAAC Phase I (1993-95), ISAAC Phase III (2001-03), or both. We included individuals from two age groups (children aged 6-7 years and adolescents aged 13-14 years) who self-completed written questionnaires at school. We estimated the 10-year rate of change in prevalence of current wheeze, severe asthma symptoms, ever having asthma, exercise wheeze, and night cough (defined by core questions in the questionnaire) for each centre, and we estimated trends across world regions and income levels using mixed-effects linear regression models with region and country income level as confounders. FINDINGS Overall, 119 795 participants from 27 centres in 14 countries were included: 74 361 adolescents (response rate 90%) and 45 434 children (response rate 79%). About one in ten individuals of both age groups had wheeze in the preceding year, of whom almost half had severe symptoms. Most centres showed a change in prevalence of 2 SE or more between ISAAC Phase III to GAN Phase I. Over the 27-year period (1993-2020), adolescents showed a significant decrease in percentage point prevalence per decade in severe asthma symptoms (-0·37, 95% CI -0·69 to -0·04) and an increase in ever having asthma (1·25, 0·67 to 1·83) and night cough (4·25, 3·06 to 5·44), which was also found in children (3·21, 1·80 to 4·62). The prevalence of current wheeze decreased in low-income countries (-1·37, -2·47 to -0·27], in children and -1·67, -2·70 to -0·64, in adolescents) and increased in lower-middle-income countries (1·99, 0·33 to 3·66, in children and 1·69, 0·13 to 3·25, in adolescents), but it was stable in upper-middle-income and high-income countries. INTERPRETATION Trends in prevalence and severity of asthma symptoms over the past three decades varied by age group, country income, region, and centre. The high worldwide burden of severe asthma symptoms would be mitigated by enabling access to effective therapies for asthma. FUNDING International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Boehringer Ingelheim New Zealand, AstraZeneca Educational Grant, National Institute for Health Research, UK Medical Research Council, European Research Council, and Instituto de Salud Carlos III.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Innes Asher
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Charlotte E Rutter
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Karen Bissell
- School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chen-Yuan Chiang
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France; Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, and Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Asma El Sony
- Epidemiological Laboratory for Public Health, Research and Development, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Eamon Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Philippa Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Paediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Units, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Children's Hospital, University of Murcia and IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Murcia, Spain; ARADyAL Allergy Network, Murcia, Spain
| | - Guy B Marks
- Respiratory & Environmental Epidemiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eva Morales
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, and IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Murcia, Spain
| | - Kevin Mortimer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Virginia Pérez-Fernández
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Murcia, and IMIB Bio-health Research Institute, Murcia, Spain
| | - Steven Robertson
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Richard J Silverwood
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Centre for Longitudinal Studies, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - David P Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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24
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García-Serna AM, Hernández-Caselles T, Jiménez-Guerrero P, Martín-Orozco E, Pérez-Fernández V, Cantero-Cano E, Muñoz-García M, Ballesteros-Meseguer C, Pérez de Los Cobos I, García-Marcos L, Morales E. Air pollution from traffic during pregnancy impairs newborn's cord blood immune cells: The NELA cohort. Environ Res 2021; 198:110468. [PMID: 33217431 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hazards of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) on the developing immune system are poorly understood. We sought to investigate the effects of prenatal exposure to TRAP on cord blood immune cell distributions; and to identify gestational windows of susceptibility. METHODS In-depth immunophenotyping of cord blood leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets was performed by flow cytometry in 190 newborns embedded in the Nutrition in Early Life and Asthma (NELA) birth cohort (2015-2018). Long-term (whole pregnancy and trimesters) and short-term (15-days before delivery) residential exposures to traffic-related nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), and ozone (O3) were estimated using dispersion/chemical transport modelling. Associations between TRAP concentrations and cord blood immune cell counts were assessed using multivariate Poisson regression models. RESULTS Mean number of natural killer (NK) cells decreased 15% in relation to higher NO2 concentrations (≥36.4 μg/m3) during whole pregnancy (incidence relative risk (IRR), 0.85; 95% CI, 0.72, 0.99), with stronger associations in the first trimester. Higher PM2.5 concentrations (≥13.3 μg/m3) during whole pregnancy associated with a reduced mean number of cytotoxic T cells (IRR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.78, 0.99). Newborns exposed to higher PM10 (≥23.6 μg/m3) and PM2.5 concentrations during the first and third trimester showed greater mean number of helper T type 1 (Th1) cells (P < 0.05). Decreased number of regulatory T (Treg) cells was associated with greater short-term NO2 (IRR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.80, 1.01) and PM10 (IRR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.77, 0.99) concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to TRAP, particularly in early and late gestation, impairs fetal immune system development through disturbances in cord blood leukocyte and lymphocyte distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azahara M García-Serna
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Trinidad Hernández-Caselles
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), Spain
| | - Pedro Jiménez-Guerrero
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Martín-Orozco
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), Spain
| | - Virginia Pérez-Fernández
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), Spain
| | | | - María Muñoz-García
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Luis García-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), Spain; Virgen de la Arrixaca University Clinical Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain; University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
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25
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Morales E, Torres-Castillo N, Garaulet M. Infancy and Childhood Obesity Grade Predicts Weight Loss in Adulthood: The ONTIME Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13072132. [PMID: 34206431 PMCID: PMC8308354 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined the relationships between intergenerational obesity, weight and size at birth, and obesity from infancy to adolescence with weight loss in response to a dietary intervention. We studied 4264 participants (3369 women; mean age 41.5 ± 12.9 years) of the ONTIME study. Participants followed a weight-loss treatment based on a Mediterranean diet. Associations between grandparental and parental obesity grade, birth weight and size, and obesity grade in infancy, childhood and adolescence with total weight loss in response to treatment were assessed, using multivariate linear regression models. A lower weight loss (kg) in response to treatment was found among participants who were obese during infancy (beta coefficient -2.13 kg; 95% CI, -3.96, -0.30; p = 0.023). Furthermore, obesity during infancy and also during childhood was associated with a slower weekly rate of weight loss during treatment (p < 0.05). In conclusion, obesity in infancy and in childhood impairs the weight-loss response to dietary treatments in adulthood. Tackling obesity throughout early life may improve the effectiveness of weight-loss interventions in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Nathaly Torres-Castillo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, Institute for Translational Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Jalisco, Mexico;
| | - Marta Garaulet
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain;
- Department of Physiology, Regional Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-868883930
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Chen GQ, Johnson K, Nazarenus TJ, Ponciano G, Morales E, Cahoon EB. Genetic Engineering of Lesquerella with Increased Ricinoleic Acid Content in Seed Oil. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10061093. [PMID: 34072473 PMCID: PMC8230273 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Seeds of castor (Ricinus communis) are enriched in oil with high levels of the industrially valuable fatty acid ricinoleic acid (18:1OH), but production of this plant is limited because of the cooccurrence of the ricin toxin in its seeds. Lesquerella (Physaria fendleri) is being developed as an alternative industrial oilseed because its seeds accumulate lesquerolic acid (20:1OH), an elongated form of 18:1OH in seed oil which lacks toxins. Synthesis of 20:1OH is through elongation of 18:1OH by a lesquerella elongase, PfKCS18. Oleic acid (18:1) is the substrate for 18:1OH synthesis, but it is also used by fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) and FAD3 to sequentially produce linoleic and linolenic acids. To develop lesquerella that produces 18:1OH-rich seed oils such as castor, RNA interference sequences targeting KCS18, FAD2 and FAD3 were introduced to lesquerella to suppress the elongation and desaturation steps. Seeds from transgenic lines had increased 18:1OH to 1.1-26.6% compared with that of 0.4-0.6% in wild-type (WT) seeds. Multiple lines had reduced 18:1OH levels in the T2 generation, including a top line with 18:1OH reduced from 26.7% to 19%. Transgenic lines also accumulated more 18:1 than that of WT, indicating that 18:1 is not efficiently used for 18:1OH synthesis and accumulation. Factors limiting 18:1OH accumulation and new targets for further increasing 18:1OH production are discussed. Our results provide insights into complex mechanisms of oil biosynthesis in lesquerella and show the biotechnological potential to tailor lesquerella seeds to produce castor-like industrial oil functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Q. Chen
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA; (K.J.); (G.P.); (E.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Kumiko Johnson
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA; (K.J.); (G.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Tara J. Nazarenus
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; (T.J.N.); (E.B.C.)
| | - Grisel Ponciano
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA; (K.J.); (G.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Eva Morales
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan St., Albany, CA 94710, USA; (K.J.); (G.P.); (E.M.)
| | - Edgar B. Cahoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; (T.J.N.); (E.B.C.)
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27
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García-Serna AM, Martín-Orozco E, Hernández-Caselles T, Morales E. Prenatal and Perinatal Environmental Influences Shaping the Neonatal Immune System: A Focus on Asthma and Allergy Origins. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18083962. [PMID: 33918723 PMCID: PMC8069583 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18083962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
It is suggested that programming of the immune system starts before birth and is shaped by environmental influences acting during critical windows of susceptibility for human development. Prenatal and perinatal exposure to physiological, biological, physical, or chemical factors can trigger permanent, irreversible changes to the developing immune system, which may be reflected in cord blood of neonates. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the evidence on the role of the prenatal and perinatal environment, including season of birth, mode of delivery, exposure to common allergens, a farming environment, pet ownership, and exposure to tobacco smoking and pollutants, in shaping the immune cell populations and cytokines at birth in humans. We also discuss how reported disruptions in the immune system at birth might contribute to the development of asthma and related allergic manifestations later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azahara María García-Serna
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Elena Martín-Orozco
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Trinidad Hernández-Caselles
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.M.G.-S.); (E.M.-O.); (T.H.-C.)
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-868883691
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28
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Gázquez A, Giménez-Bañón MJ, Prieto-Sánchez MT, Martínez-Graciá C, Suárez C, Santaella-Pascual M, Galdo-Castiñeira L, Ballesteros-Meseguer C, Vioque J, Martínez-Villanueva M, Avilés-Plaza F, Noguera-Velasco JA, Morales E, García-Marcos L, Larqué E. Self-Reported DHA Supplementation during Pregnancy and Its Association with Obesity or Gestational Diabetes in Relation to DHA Concentration in Cord and Maternal Plasma: Results from NELA, a Prospective Mother-Offspring Cohort. Nutrients 2021; 13:843. [PMID: 33806689 PMCID: PMC8000695 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal supplementation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during pregnancy has been recommended due to its role in infant development, but its effect on materno-fetal DHA status is not well established. We evaluated the associations between DHA supplementation in pregnant women with obesity or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and maternal and neonatal DHA status. Serum fatty acids (FA) were analyzed in 641 pregnant women (24 weeks of gestation) and in 345 venous and 166 arterial cord blood samples of participants of the NELA cohort. Obese women (n = 47) presented lower DHA in serum than those lean (n = 397) or overweight (n = 116) before pregnancy. Linoleic acid in arterial cord was elevated in obese women, which indicates lower fetal retention. Maternal DHA supplementation (200 mg/d) during pregnancy was associated with enhanced maternal and fetal DHA levels regardless of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), although higher arterial DHA in overweight women indicated an attenuated response. Maternal DHA supplementation was not associated with cord venous DHA in neonates of mothers with GDM. The cord arteriovenous difference was similar for DHA between GDM and controls. In conclusion, maternal DHA supplementation during pregnancy enhanced fetal DHA status regardless of the pre-pregnancy BMI while GDM may reduce the effect of DHA supplementation in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Gázquez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María J. Giménez-Bañón
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María T. Prieto-Sánchez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Obstetrics & Gynaecology Service, “Virgen de la Arrixaca” University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (L.G.-C.); (C.B.-M.)
| | - Carmen Martínez-Graciá
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Clara Suárez
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Marina Santaella-Pascual
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Lina Galdo-Castiñeira
- Obstetrics & Gynaecology Service, “Virgen de la Arrixaca” University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (L.G.-C.); (C.B.-M.)
| | - Carmen Ballesteros-Meseguer
- Obstetrics & Gynaecology Service, “Virgen de la Arrixaca” University Clinical Hospital, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (L.G.-C.); (C.B.-M.)
| | - Jesús Vioque
- Health and Biomedical Research Institute of Alicante (ISABIAL-UMH), 46020 Alicante, Spain;
- CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Martínez-Villanueva
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, University Clinical Hospital “Virgen de la Arrixaca”, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Avilés-Plaza
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, University Clinical Hospital “Virgen de la Arrixaca”, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - José A. Noguera-Velasco
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Molecular Therapy and Biomarkers Research Group, Clinical Analysis Service, University Clinical Hospital “Virgen de la Arrixaca”, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Luís García-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Network of Asthma and Adverse and Allergic Reactions (ARADyAL), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elvira Larqué
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), 30120 Murcia, Spain; (A.G.); (M.J.G.-B.); (M.T.P.-S.); (C.M.-G.); (C.S.); (M.S.-P.); (M.M.-V.); (F.A.-P.); (J.A.N.-V.); (E.M.); (L.G.-M.)
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Sánchez Bacaicoa C, Rico-Martín S, Morales E, Guimarães Cunha P, Rodilla E, Lozano J, Bacaicoa MA, Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero JF. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity with a custom device. Rev Clin Esp 2021; 221:145-150. [PMID: 32682688 DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is one of the most widely used arterial stiffness variables for assessing vascular risk. The abiPWV is a device that calculates various PWVs and the blood pressure ankle-brachial index (ABI). The device can also determine baPWV. The aim of this study was to calculate the baPWV with abiPWV, validate it with a reference device (VaSera) and study its clinical usefulness. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 113 patients (mean age, 53±12years), 59 (52%) of whom were women, and 10 (8.8%) of whom had a previous cardiovascular event. The participants were classified according to cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) into groupI (none), groupII (1 or 2 CRFs) and groupIII (3 or more CRFs). The patients with a previous cardiovascular event were included in groupIII. All participants had their baPWV measured with abiPWV and VaSera. RESULTS The baPWV correlation between the 2 devices was r=0.93 (P<.001), and the percentage error calculated with the Bland-Altman analysis was 4.5%. The baPWV measured with abiPWV (in m/s) was as follows: groupI, 10.5±1.6; groupII, 13.8±2.9 (P<.001 when compared with groupI); and groupIII, 14.1±2.7 (P<.001 when compared with groupI). There were no differences between groupsII and III. The results with VaSera were comparable to those of abiPWV. CONCLUSIONS Measuring baPWV with the abiPWV is safe and has a similar clinical utility to that of VaSera. Incorporating this function into the options of abiPWV makes it a complete device for assessing arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sánchez Bacaicoa
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - S Rico-Martín
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, España; Iberian Network on Arterial Structure, Central Hemodynamics and Neurocognition
| | - E Morales
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, España
| | - P Guimarães Cunha
- Medicina Interna, Hospital Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Portugal; Iberian Network on Arterial Structure, Central Hemodynamics and Neurocognition
| | - E Rodilla
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sagunto, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, España; Iberian Network on Arterial Structure, Central Hemodynamics and Neurocognition
| | - J Lozano
- Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, España
| | - M A Bacaicoa
- Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Manuel Encinas, Cáceres, España
| | - J F Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, España; Iberian Network on Arterial Structure, Central Hemodynamics and Neurocognition.
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Dashti HS, Gómez-Abellán P, Qian J, Esteban A, Morales E, Scheer FAJL, Garaulet M. Late eating is associated with cardiometabolic risk traits, obesogenic behaviors, and impaired weight loss. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:154-161. [PMID: 33022698 PMCID: PMC7779221 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of evidence regarding the role of food timing on cardiometabolic health and weight loss in adults. OBJECTIVES To determine whether late eating is cross-sectionally associated with obesity and cardiometabolic risk factors at baseline; and whether late eating is associated with weight loss rate and success following a weight loss intervention protocol. Also, to identify obesogenic behaviors and weight loss barriers associated with late eating. METHODS Participants were recruited from a weight-loss program in Spain. Upon recruitment, the midpoint of meal intake was determined by calculating the midway point between breakfast and dinner times, and dietary composition was determined from diet recall. Population median for the midpoint of meal intake was used to stratify participants into early (before 14:54) and late (after 14:54) eaters. Cardiometabolic and satiety hormonal profiles were determined from fasting blood samples collected prior to intervention. Weekly weight loss and barriers were evaluated during the ∼19-wk program. Linear and logistic regression models were used to assess differences between late and early eaters in cardiometabolic traits, satiety hormones, obesogenic behaviors, and weight loss, adjusted for age, sex, clinic site, year of recruitment, and baseline BMI. RESULTS A total of 3362 adults [mean (SD): age: 41 (14) y; 79.2% women, BMI: 31.05 (5.58) kg/m2] were enrolled. At baseline, no differences were observed in energy intake or physical activity levels between early and late eaters (P >0.05). Late eaters had higher BMI, higher concentrations of triglycerides, and lower insulin sensitivity compared with early eaters (all P <0.05) prior to intervention. In addition, late eaters had higher concentrations of the satiety hormone leptin in the morning (P = 0.001). On average, late eaters had an average 80 g lower weekly rate of weight loss [early, 585 (667) g/wk; late, 505 (467) g/wk; P = 0.008], higher odds of having weight-loss barriers [OR (95% CI): 1.22 (1.03, 1.46); P = 0.025], and lower odds of motivation for weight loss [0.81 (0.66, 0.99); P = 0.044] compared with early eaters. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that late eating is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors and reduced efficacy of a weight-loss intervention. Insights into the characteristics and behaviors related to late eating may be useful in the development of future interventions aimed at advancing the timing of food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan S Dashti
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Puri Gómez-Abellán
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jingyi Qian
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alberto Esteban
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Frank A J L Scheer
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marta Garaulet
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Porta M, Pumarega J, Amaral AFS, Genkinger JM, Camargo J, Mucci L, Alguacil J, Gasull M, Zhang X, Morales E, Iglesias M, Ogino S, Engel LS. Influence of KRAS mutations, persistent organic pollutants, and trace elements on survival from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Environ Res 2020; 190:109781. [PMID: 32791343 PMCID: PMC7689512 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Reasons why pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) continues to have poor survival are only partly known. No previous studies have analyzed the combined influence of KRAS mutations, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and trace elements upon survival in PDAC or in any other human cancer. OBJECTIVE To analyze the individual and combined influence of KRAS mutations, POPs, and trace elements upon survival from PDAC. METHODS Incident cases of PDAC (n = 185) were prospectively identified in five hospitals in Eastern Spain in 1992-1995 and interviewed face-to-face during hospital admission. KRAS mutational status was determined from tumour tissue through polymerase chain reaction and artificial restriction fragment length polymorphism. Blood and toenail samples were obtained before treatment. Serum concentrations of POPs were analyzed by high-resolution gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Concentrations of 12 trace elements were determined in toenail samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess prognostic associations. RESULTS Patients with a KRAS mutated tumor had a 70% higher risk of early death than patients with a KRAS wild-type PDAC (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.7, p = 0.026), adjusting for age, sex, and tumor stage. KRAS mutational status was only modestly and not statistically significantly associated with survival when further adjusting by treatment or by treatment intention. The beneficial effects of treatment remained unaltered when KRAS mutational status was taken into account, and treatment did not appear to be less effective in the subgroup of patients with a KRAS mutated tumor. POPs did not materially influence survival: the adjusted HR of the highest POP tertiles was near unity for all POPs. When considering the joint effect on survival of POPs and KRAS, patients with KRAS mutated tumors had modest and nonsignificant HRs (most HRs around 1.3 to 1.4). Higher concentrations of lead, cadmium, arsenic, vanadium, and aluminium were associated with better survival. When KRAS status, POPs, and trace elements were simultaneously considered along with treatment, only the latter was statistically significantly related to survival. CONCLUSIONS In this study based on molecular, clinical, and environmental epidemiology, KRAS mutational status, POPs, and trace elements were not adversely related to PDAC survival when treatment was simultaneously considered; only treatment was independently related to survival. The lack of adverse prognostic effects of POPs and metals measured at the time of diagnosis provide scientific and clinical reassurance on the effects of such exposures upon survival of patients with PDAC. The weak association with KRAS mutations contributes to the scant knowledge on the clinical implications of a genetic alteration highly frequent in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miquel Porta
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José Pumarega
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - André F S Amaral
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeanine M Genkinger
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University, New York, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Judit Camargo
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorelei Mucci
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Juan Alguacil
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Universidad de Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - Magda Gasull
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Eva Morales
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; IMIB-Arrixaca, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia
| | - Mar Iglesias
- School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Hospital Del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shuji Ogino
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA
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Sánchez Bacaicoa C, Rico-Martín S, Morales E, Guimarães Cunha P, Rodilla E, Lozano J, Bacaicoa MA, Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero JF. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity with a custom device. Rev Clin Esp 2020; 221:145-150. [PMID: 33998462 DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is one of the most widely used arterial stiffness variables for assessing vascular risk. The abiPWV is a device that calculates various PWVs and the blood pressure ankle-brachial index (ABI). The device can also determine baPWV. The aim of this study was to calculate the baPWV with abiPWV, validate it with a reference device (VaSera) and study its clinical usefulness. PATIENTS AND METHODS We studied 113 patients (mean age, 53 ± 12 years), 59 (52%) of whom were women, and 10 (8.8%) of whom had a previous cardiovascular event. The participants were classified according to cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) into group I (none), group II (1 or 2 CRFs) and group III (3 or more CRFs). The patients with a previous cardiovascular event were included in group III. All participants had their baPWV measured with abiPWV and VaSera. RESULTS The baPWV correlation between the 2 devices was r = 0.93 (p < .001), and the percentage error calculated with the Bland-Altman analysis was 4.5%. The baPWV measured with abiPWV (in m/s) was as follows: group I, 10.5 ± 1.6; group II, 13.8 ± 2.9 (p < .001 when compared with group I); and group III, 14.1 ± 2.7 (p < .001 when compared with group I). There were no differences between groups II and III. The results with VaSera were comparable to those of abiPWV. CONCLUSIONS Measuring baPWV with the abiPWV is safe and has a similar clinical utility to that of VaSera. Incorporating this function into the options of abiPWV makes it a complete device for assessing arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sánchez Bacaicoa
- Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - S Rico-Martín
- Departamento de Enfermería, Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain; Iberian Network on Arterial Structure, Central Hemodynamics and Neurocognition
| | - E Morales
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Guimarães Cunha
- Medicina Interna, Hospital Senhora da Oliveira, Guimarães, Portugal; Iberian Network on Arterial Structure, Central Hemodynamics and Neurocognition
| | - E Rodilla
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Sagunto, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain; Iberian Network on Arterial Structure, Central Hemodynamics and Neurocognition
| | - J Lozano
- Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial, Universidad de Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - M A Bacaicoa
- Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Manuel Encinas, Cáceres, Spain
| | - J F Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain; Iberian Network on Arterial Structure, Central Hemodynamics and Neurocognition
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García-Serna AM, Morales E. Neurodevelopmental effects of prenatal vitamin D in humans: systematic review and meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry 2020; 25:2468-2481. [PMID: 30696940 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-019-0357-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Diverse studies have investigated the impact of prenatal exposure to vitamin D levels on brain development; however, evidence in humans has never been systematically reviewed. This article summarized evidence of the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in maternal blood in pregnancy or newborn blood at birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes, including cognition, psychomotor performance, language development, behavioral difficulties, attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autistic traits. PubMed, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases were systematically searched for epidemiologic studies published through May 2018 using keywords. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. Of 260 identified articles, 25 were included in the present review. Comparing the highest vs. the lowest category of prenatal 25(OH)D levels, the pooled beta coefficients were 0.95 (95% CI -0.03, 1.93; p = 0.05) for cognition, and 0.88 (95% CI -0.18, 1.93; p = 0.10) for psychomotor development. The pooled relative risk for ADHD was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.59, 0.89; p = 0.002), and the pooled odds ratio for autism-related traits was 0.42 (95% CI, 0.25, 0.71; p = 0.001). There was little evidence for protective effects of high prenatal 25(OH)D for language development and behavior difficulties. This meta-analysis provides supporting evidence that increased prenatal exposure to 25(OH)D levels is associated with improved cognitive development and reduced risk of ADHD and autism-related traits later in life. Associations represent a potentially high public health burden given the current prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among childbearing aging and pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azahara M García-Serna
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain. .,University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. .,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain.
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García B, Neri E, Bénard M, Zamundio F, Ocampo L, Morales E, Alagón A. Characterization and neutralization of local damage caused by the complete venom of Atropoides nummifer and its main myotoxin in a murine model. Toxicon 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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García E, Giráldez I, Montoya MR, Morales E. Determination of booster biocides in sediments by focused ultrasound-assisted extraction and stir bar sorptive extraction–thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Fernandez-Trujillo L, Morales E, Lores J, Aguirre M, Castro A, Sua L. EP1.05-03 Therapeutic Bronchoscopy in Multimodal Therapy for the Management of Central Airway Obstruction. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Fernandez-Trujillo L, Morales E, Lores J, Aguirre M, Sua L. EP1.05-10 Metastasis from a Primary Melanoma of the Sinonasal Cavity: A Case Report. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Fernandez-Trujillo L, Morales E, Lores J, Aguirre M, Sua L, Velasquez M. EP1.15-17 Giant Thymolipoma in a Young Woman: A Case Report. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Doña-Grimaldi VM, Palma A, Ruiz-Montoya M, Morales E, Díaz MJ. Energetic valorization of MSW compost valorization by selecting the maturity conditions. J Environ Manage 2019; 238:153-158. [PMID: 30851553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
MSW compost valorization under combustion, at two different composting process conditions, have been studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The composting operating parameters such as aeration and moisture affect the biodegradability of compost and results of the combustion (different gross heating values for each reactors). The obtained TGA showed that maximum weight loss for 10-12% (245-247 °C), 32-34% (407-411 °C) and 44-46% (760-769 °C) in correspondence to hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin-humic-fulvic acids decomposition for each reactor are observed. Obtained valued in kinetic study (Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method) results in suitable coefficients of determination. In that form, to establish the assumption that combustion of compost under a first-order reaction may be appropriate. Moreover, in both reactors, the conversion rate increased and the activation energy decreased with composting time is found. The maximum gross heating value versus minimum activation energy (for α = 0.25 and α = 0.5) corresponds to final composts and under aeration of 0.050 and 0.175 Lair kg-1 d-1 and moisture of 40% and 55% for R1 and R2 reactors respectively. For MSW, under proper conditions, composting could be used as a suitable biodrying process, stabilizing and concentrating the heating value.
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Doña-Grimaldi
- Research Center in Technology of Products and Chemical Processes, PRO(2)TECS-Chemical Engineering Department, Campus "El Carmen", University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - A Palma
- Research Center in Technology of Products and Chemical Processes, PRO(2)TECS-Chemical Engineering Department, Campus "El Carmen", University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.
| | - M Ruiz-Montoya
- Research Center in Technology of Products and Chemical Processes, PRO(2)TECS-Chemical Engineering Department, Campus "El Carmen", University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - E Morales
- Department of Chemistry "Prof. J.C. Vílchez-Martín", Campus "El Carmen", University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
| | - M J Díaz
- Research Center in Technology of Products and Chemical Processes, PRO(2)TECS-Chemical Engineering Department, Campus "El Carmen", University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain
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Morales E, Strachan D, Asher I, Ellwood P, Pearce N, Garcia-Marcos L. Combined impact of healthy lifestyle factors on risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema in school children: ISAAC phase III. Thorax 2019; 74:531-538. [PMID: 30898896 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2018-212668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is not the key focus of prevention strategies. A Healthy Lifestyle Index (HLI) was developed to examine the combined effect of modifiable lifestyle factors on asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema using data from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) phase III. METHODS Information on symptoms of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, eczema and several lifestyle factors was obtained from children aged 6-7 years through written questionnaires. The HLI combined five lifestyle factors: no parental smoking, child's adherence to Mediterranean diet, child's healthy body mass index, high physical activity and non-sedentary behaviour. The association between the HLI and risk of asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis and eczema was evaluated using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models. FINDINGS Data of 70 795 children from 37 centres in 19 countries were analysed. Each additional healthy lifestyle factor was associated with a reduced risk of current wheeze (OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.84 to 0.89), asthma ever (OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.87 to 0.92), current symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.97) and current symptoms of eczema (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98). Theoretically, if associations were causal, a combination of four or five healthy lifestyle factors would result into a reduction up to 16% of asthma cases (ranging from 2.7% to 26.3 % according to region of the world). CONCLUSIONS These findings should be interpreted with caution given the limitations to infer causality from cross-sectional observational data. Efficacy of interventions to improve multiple modifiable lifestyle factors to reduce the burden asthma and allergy in childhood should be assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - David Strachan
- Population Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK
| | - Innes Asher
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Philippa Ellwood
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Medical Statistics, Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Luis Garcia-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Abstract
Asthma is a heterogeneous disease that results from the complex interaction between genetic factors and environmental exposures that occur at critical periods throughout life. It seems plausible to regard childhood-onset and adult-onset asthma as different entities, each with a different pathophysiology, trajectory, and outcome. This review provides an overview about the role of genetics and gene-environment interactions in these two conditions. Looking at the genetic overlap between childhood and adult onset disease gives one window into whether there is a correlation, as well as to mechanism. A second window is offered by the genetics of the relationship between each type of asthma and other phenotypes e.g., obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), atopy, vitamin D levels, and inflammatory and immune status; and third, the genetic-specific responses to the many environmental exposures that influence risk throughout life, and particularly those that occur during early-life development. These represent a large number of possible combinations of genetic and environmental factors, at least 150 known genetic loci vs. tobacco smoke, outdoor air pollutants, indoor exposures, farming environment, and microbial exposures. Considering time of asthma onset extends the two-dimensional problem of gene-environment interactions to a three-dimensional problem, since identified gene-environment interactions seldom replicate for childhood and adult asthma, which suggests that asthma susceptibility to environmental exposures may biologically differ from early life to adulthood as a result of different pathways and mechanisms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - David Duffy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Sundin OH, Mendoza-Ladd A, Morales E, Fagan BM, Zeng M, Diaz-Arévalo D, Ordoñez J, McCallum RW. Does a glucose-based hydrogen and methane breath test detect bacterial overgrowth in the jejunum? Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13350. [PMID: 29687525 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct diagnosis of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) requires the collection and culture of fluid from the jejunal lumen, with a finding of over 105 viable bacteria per mL. More often, SIBO is diagnosed indirectly, using a non-invasive test of the exhaled hydrogen and methane generated by microbial fermentation when ingested glucose reaches the jejunum. Our objective was to determine how well this breath test detects chronic overgrowth of jejunal bacteria that is unrelated to gastrointestinal surgery. METHODS Eighteen patients reporting symptoms consistent with SIBO received a glucose breath test. On a later day, the jejunal lumen was sampled via aspiration during enteroscopy. Jejunal aspirates were cultured on aerobic and anaerobic media. DNA was extracted from the same samples and analyzed by quantitative pan-bacterial PCR amplification of 16S ribosomal rRNA genes, which provided a culture-independent bacterial cell count. KEY RESULTS Combined bacterial colony counts ranged from 5.7 x 103 to 7.9 x 106 CFU/mL. DNA-based yields ranged from 1.5 x 105 to 3.1 x 107 bacterial genomes per mL. Microbial viability ranged from 0.3% to near 100%. We found no significant correlation of glucose breath test results with either the number of bacterial colonies or with the DNA-based bacterial cell counts. Instead, higher signals in the hydrogen-methane breath test were significantly correlated with a lower viability of jejunal bacteria, at a P-value of .014. CONCLUSIONS & INFERENCES The glucose-based hydrogen and methane breath test is not sensitive to the overgrowth of jejunal bacteria. However, a positive breath test may indicate altered jejunal function and microbial dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- O H Sundin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - A Mendoza-Ladd
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - E Morales
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - B M Fagan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - M Zeng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - D Diaz-Arévalo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - J Ordoñez
- Biostatistics Unit, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - R W McCallum
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX, USA
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Vélez J, Vazquez-Santos M, Amarilla J, Tartaj P, Herradón B, Mann E, del Río C, Morales E. Asymmetrical imidazolium-trialkylammonium room temperature dicationic ionic liquid electrolytes for Li-ion batteries. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.05.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pacheco-González RM, García-Marcos L, Morales E. Prenatal vitamin D status and respiratory and allergic outcomes in childhood: A meta-analysis of observational studies. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2018; 29:243-253. [PMID: 29444346 DOI: 10.1111/pai.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal vitamin D status may influence offspring's respiratory and allergic outcomes; however, evidence is inconclusive. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on the association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels in maternal blood in pregnancy or cord blood at birth with the risk of offspring's respiratory and allergic conditions. METHODS Two independent researchers conducted systematic searches for observational studies published until May 2017 using defined keywords on vitamin D and health outcomes, including respiratory tract infections (RTIs), wheeze, asthma, atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, allergic sensitization, and lung function. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted. RESULTS A total of 34 from 547 retrieved articles were included. Increased prenatal exposure to 25(OH)D was inversely associated with risk of RTIs. Comparing the highest with the lowest category of 25(OH)D levels, the pooled odds ratio was 0.64 (95% CI 0.47, 0.87). A positive borderline association was found for lung function at school age (FEV1 z-score coefficient 0.07, 95% CI -0.01, 0.15). No associations were found for wheeze, asthma, atopic eczema, allergic rhinitis, and allergic sensitization. CONCLUSION The introduction of public health measures to tackle vitamin D status in pregnancy may reduce the burden of RTIs in offspring. Current evidence does not support an impact on asthma and allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Pacheco-González
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis García-Marcos
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain.,Red de Asma Reacciones Adversas y Alérgicas (ARADyAL), Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain.,University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
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Escribano P, del Río C, Morales E, Aparicio M, Mosa J. Infiltration of 40SiO2−40P2O5−20ZrO2 sol-gel in sSEBS membranes for PEMFCs application. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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46
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Larqué E, Morales E, Leis R, Blanco-Carnero JE. Maternal and Foetal Health Implications of Vitamin D Status during Pregnancy. Ann Nutr Metab 2018. [PMID: 29533937 DOI: 10.1159/000487370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To what extent does the circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration help to meet the physiological needs of humans is an ongoing subject of debate. Remaining unexposed to the sun to reduce melanoma cancer risk, current lifestyle with less out door activities, and increasing obesity rates, which in turn increases the storage of vitamin D in the adipose tissue, are presumably factors that contribute to the substantial upsurge in the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in humans. Since evidence is lacking regarding the appropriate cut-off points to define vitamin D status during pregnancy, references used to establish the intake recommendations and vitamin D content of prenatal vitamin supplements are quite conservative. SUMMARY The foetus depends fully on maternal 25(OH)D supply. 25(OH)D readily crosses the placenta and it is activated into 1,25(OH)2D by foetal kidneys. Moreover, 1,25(OH)2D can also be synthesized within the placenta to regulate placental metabolism. The importance of vitamin D during pregnancy for maintaining maternal calcium homeostasis and therefore for foetal bone development is well recognized; major discussions are in progress regarding the potential maternal detrimental effects on pregnancy outcomes, foetal development, and the long-term health of children. Interventional studies have also evaluated the effect of vitamin D for reduction on preterm birth and asthma programming. Key Messages: Clinically, by understanding the effects of vitamin D on perinatal outcomes, we could individualize antenatal counselling regarding vitamin D supplementation to ensure vitamin D repletion without increasing the risk of foetal hypercalcemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Larqué
- Department of Physiology, University of Murcia, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca), Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Morales
- IMIB-Arrixaca, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Murcia, CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosaura Leis
- Unit of Investigation in Nutrition, Growth and Human Development of Galicia, Pediatric Department, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Institute of Health Research of Santiago (IDIS), CiberObn, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Vélez J, Álvarez L, del Río C, Herradón B, Mann E, Morales E. Imidazolium-based Mono and Dicationic Ionic Liquid Sodium Polymer Gel Electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.04.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Silva W, Romero J, Morales E, Melo R, Mendoza L, Cotoras M. RED WINE EXTRACT OBTAINED BY MEMBRANE-BASED SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION: PRELIMINARY CHARACTERIZATION OF CHEMICAL PROPERTIES. Braz J Chem Eng 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/0104-6632.20170342s20150631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Silva
- University of Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - J. Romero
- University of Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - R. Melo
- University of Santiago de Chile, Chile
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Baquero F, Valenzuela AS, Ripoll A, Turrientes MC, Morales E, Rodriguez-Baños M, Bustamante M, Vrijheid M, López-Espinosa MJ, Llop S, Marina LS, Jiménez-Zabala A, Moreno Bofarull A, Cantón R, Sunyer J, Coque TM, Baquero F. PHENOTYPIC COPPER RESISTANCE IN AEROBIC INTESTINAL BACTERIA FROM CHILDREN WITH DIFFERENT LEVELS OF COPPER-EXPOSURE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.15436/2378-6841.17.1219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Parra-Elizondo V, Escobar-Morales B, Morales E, Pacheco-Catalán D. Effect of carbonaceous support between graphite oxide and reduced graphene oxide with anchored Co3O4 microspheres as electrode-active materials in a solid-state electrochemical capacitor. J Solid State Electrochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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