1
|
Thome T, Miguez K, Willms AJ, Burke SK, Chandran V, de Souza AR, Fitzgerald LF, Baglole C, Anagnostou ME, Bourbeau J, Jagoe RT, Morais JA, Goddard Y, Taivassalo T, Ryan TE, Hepple RT. Chronic aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity phenocopies smoking-induced skeletal muscle impairment. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:589-604. [PMID: 34725955 PMCID: PMC8818603 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients exhibit skeletal muscle atrophy, denervation, and reduced mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Whilst chronic tobacco smoke exposure is implicated in COPD muscle impairment, the mechanisms involved are ambiguous. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that activates detoxifying pathways with numerous exogenous ligands, including tobacco smoke. Whereas transient AHR activation is adaptive, chronic activation can be toxic. On this basis, we tested the hypothesis that chronic smoke-induced AHR activation causes adverse muscle impact. METHODS We used clinical patient muscle samples, and in vitro (C2C12 myotubes) and in vivo models (mouse), to perform gene expression, mitochondrial function, muscle and neuromuscular junction morphology, and genetic manipulations (adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer). RESULTS Sixteen weeks of tobacco smoke exposure in mice caused muscle atrophy, neuromuscular junction degeneration, and reduced oxidative capacity. Similarly, smoke exposure reprogrammed the muscle transcriptome, with down-regulation of mitochondrial and neuromuscular junction genes. In mouse and human patient specimens, smoke exposure increased muscle AHR signalling. Mechanistically, experiments in cultured myotubes demonstrated that smoke condensate activated the AHR, caused mitochondrial impairments, and induced an AHR-dependent myotube atrophy. Finally, to isolate the role of AHR activity, expression of a constitutively active AHR mutant without smoke exposure caused atrophy and mitochondrial impairments in cultured myotubes, and muscle atrophy and neuromuscular junction degeneration in mice. CONCLUSIONS These results establish that chronic AHR activity, as occurs in smokers, phenocopies the atrophy, mitochondrial impairment, and neuromuscular junction degeneration caused by chronic tobacco smoke exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trace Thome
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kayla Miguez
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexander J Willms
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah K Burke
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Angela R de Souza
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Liam F Fitzgerald
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carolyn Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Jean Bourbeau
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R Thomas Jagoe
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jose A Morais
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yana Goddard
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tanja Taivassalo
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Terence E Ryan
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maharjan CK, Mo J, Wang L, Kim MC, Wang S, Borcherding N, Vikas P, Zhang W. Natural and Synthetic Estrogens in Chronic Inflammation and Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010206. [PMID: 35008370 PMCID: PMC8744660 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The oncogenic role of estrogen receptor (ER) signaling in breast cancer has long been established. Interaction of estrogen with estrogen receptor (ER) in the nucleus activates genomic pathways of estrogen signaling. In contrast, estrogen interaction with the cell membrane-bound G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) activates the rapid receptor-mediated signaling transduction cascades. Aberrant estrogen signaling enhances mammary epithelial cell proliferation, survival, and angiogenesis, hence is an important step towards breast cancer initiation and progression. Meanwhile, a growing number of studies also provide evidence for estrogen's pro- or anti-inflammatory roles. As other articles in this issue cover classic ER and GPER signaling mediated by estrogen, this review will discuss the crucial mechanisms by which estrogen signaling influences chronic inflammation and how that is involved in breast cancer. Xenoestrogens acquired from plant diet or exposure to industrial products constantly interact with and alter innate estrogen signaling at various levels. As such, they can modulate chronic inflammation and breast cancer development. Natural xenoestrogens generally have anti-inflammatory properties, which is consistent with their chemoprotective role in breast cancer. In contrast, synthetic xenoestrogens are proinflammatory and carcinogenic compounds that can increase the risk of breast cancer. This article also highlights important xenoestrogens with a particular focus on their role in inflammation and breast cancer. Improved understanding of the complex relationship between estrogens, inflammation, and breast cancer will guide clinical research on agents that could advance breast cancer prevention and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandra K. Maharjan
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (C.K.M.); (J.M.); (L.W.); (M.-C.K.)
| | - Jiao Mo
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (C.K.M.); (J.M.); (L.W.); (M.-C.K.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (C.K.M.); (J.M.); (L.W.); (M.-C.K.)
| | - Myung-Chul Kim
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (C.K.M.); (J.M.); (L.W.); (M.-C.K.)
| | - Sameul Wang
- Canyonoak Consulting LLC, San Diego, CA 92127, USA;
| | - Nicholas Borcherding
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA;
| | - Praveen Vikas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
| | - Weizhou Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA; (C.K.M.); (J.M.); (L.W.); (M.-C.K.)
- Mechanism of Oncogenesis Program, University of Florida Health Cancer Center, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
- Correspondence: to: ; Tel.: +1-352-273-6748
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand activated transcription factor that is a member of the PER-ARNT-SIM superfamily of environmental sensors. This receptor has been a molecule of interest for many years in the field of toxicology, as it was originally discovered to mediate the toxic effects of certain environmental pollutants like benzo(a)pyrene and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. While all animals express this protein, there is naturally occurring variability in receptor size and responsiveness to ligand. This naturally occurring variation, particularly in mice, has been an essential tool in the discovery and early characterization of the AHR. Genetic models including congenic mice and induced mutations at the Ahr locus have proven invaluable in further understanding the role of the AHR in adaptive metabolism and TCDD-induced toxicity. The creation and examination of Ahr null mice revealed an important physiological role for the AHR in vascular and hepatic development and mediation of the immune system. In this review, we attempt to provide an overview to many of the AHR models that have aided in the understanding of AHR biology thus far. We describe the naturally occurring polymorphisms, congenic models, induced mutations at the Ahr locus and at the binding partner Ah Receptor Nuclear Translocator and chaperone, Ah receptor associated 9 loci in mice, with a brief description of naturally occurring and induced mutations in rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H Wilson
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christopher A Bradfield
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Eve L, Fervers B, Le Romancer M, Etienne-Selloum N. Exposure to Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals and Risk of Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9139. [PMID: 33266302 PMCID: PMC7731339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cancer and the fifth deadliest in the world. Exposure to endocrine disrupting pollutants has been suggested to contribute to the increase in disease incidence. Indeed, a growing number of researchershave investigated the effects of widely used environmental chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties on BC development in experimental (in vitro and animal models) and epidemiological studies. The complex effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on hormonal pathways, involving carcinogenic effects and an increase in mammary gland susceptibility to carcinogenesis-together with the specific characteristics of the mammary gland evolving over the course of life and the multifactorial etiology of BC-make the evaluation of these compounds a complex issue. Among the many EDCs suspected of increasing the risk of BC, strong evidence has only been provided for few EDCs including diethylstilbestrol, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, dioxins and bisphenol A. However, given the ubiquitous nature and massive use of EDCs, it is essential to continue to assess their long-term health effects, particularly on carcinogenesis, to eradicate the worst of them and to sensitize the population to minimize their use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louisane Eve
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Léon-Bérard, F-69000 Lyon, France;
- Inserm UA08, Radiations, Défense, Santé, Environnement, Center Léon Bérard, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, F-69000 Lyon, France
- Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
- CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, F-69000 Lyon, France
| | - Nelly Etienne-Selloum
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France;
- Service de Pharmacie, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
- CNRS UMR7021/Unistra, Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Danjou AMN, Coudon T, Praud D, Lévêque E, Faure E, Salizzoni P, Le Romancer M, Severi G, Mancini FR, Leffondré K, Dossus L, Fervers B. Long-term airborne dioxin exposure and breast cancer risk in a case-control study nested within the French E3N prospective cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 124:236-248. [PMID: 30658268 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dioxins, Group 1 carcinogens, are emitted by industrial chlorinated combustion processes and suspected to increase breast cancer risk through receptor-mediated pathways. OBJECTIVES We estimated breast cancer risk associated with airborne dioxin exposure, using geographic information system (GIS) methods and historical exposure data. METHODS We designed a case-control study (429 breast cancer cases diagnosed between 1990 and 2008, matched to 716 controls) nested within the E3N (Etude Epidémiologique auprès de femmes de la Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale) cohort. Airborne dioxin exposure was assessed using a GIS-based metric including participants' residential history, technical characteristics of 222 dioxin sources, residential proximity to dioxin sources, exposure duration and wind direction. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) associated with quintiles of cumulative exposure were estimated using multivariate logistic regression models. RESULTS We observed no increased risk of breast cancer for higher dioxin exposure levels overall and according to hormone-receptor status. We however observed a statistically significant OR for Q2 versus Q1 overall (1.612, 95% CI: 1.042-2.493) and for estrogen-receptor (ER) positive breast cancer (1.843, 95% CI: 1.033-3.292). CONCLUSIONS Overall, as well as according to hormone-receptor status, no increased risk was observed for higher airborne dioxin exposure. The increased risk for low exposure levels might be compatible with non-monotonic dose-response relationship. Confirmation of our findings is required. Our GIS-based metric may provide an alternative in absence of ambient dioxin monitoring and may allow assessing exposure to other pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Marcelle Nicole Danjou
- Département Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Thomas Coudon
- Département Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Delphine Praud
- Département Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| | - Emilie Lévêque
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement, Centre Inserm U1219 Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Elodie Faure
- Département Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| | - Pietro Salizzoni
- Laboratoire de Mécanique des Fluides et d'Acoustique, UMR CNRS 5509, Université de Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 36 avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully Cedex, France.
| | - Muriel Le Romancer
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, UPS UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France.
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, UPS UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France.
| | - Karen Leffondré
- Université de Bordeaux, Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement, Centre Inserm U1219 Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Laure Dossus
- Département Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, UPS UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, 114 rue Edouard-Vaillant, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France.
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Département Cancer Environnement, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69100 Villeurbanne, France; Inserm U1052, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France; CNRS UMR5286, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, 28 rue Laënnec, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Otarola G, Castillo H, Marcellini S. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-based bioassays for dioxin detection: Thinking outside the box. J Appl Toxicol 2017; 38:437-449. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaston Otarola
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Concepcion; Chile
| | - Hector Castillo
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Concepcion; Chile
| | - Sylvain Marcellini
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences; University of Concepcion; Chile
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sergeyev O, Burns JS, Williams PL, Korrick SA, Lee MM, Revich B, Hauser R. The association of peripubertal serum concentrations of organochlorine chemicals and blood lead with growth and pubertal development in a longitudinal cohort of boys: a review of published results from the Russian Children's Study. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2017; 32:83-92. [PMID: 28231067 PMCID: PMC5536108 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2016-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine chemicals and lead are environmental exposures that have endocrine disrupting properties (EDCs) which interfere with many aspects of hormone action. Childhood and adolescence are windows of susceptibility for adverse health effects of EDCs. Our ongoing study, the Russian Children's Study (RCS), is one of the few longitudinal studies investigating the impact of EDCs on growth and puberty in boys. It is conducted in the historically contaminated city of Chapaevsk, in the Samara region. The study focuses on evaluating the associations of persistent organochlorine chemicals and lead with growth and pubertal timing. At enrollment in 2003-2005, we collected blood from 516 boys at ages 8-9 years to measure dioxins, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), chlorinated pesticides and lead. At enrollment and at annual visits through the ages of 18-19 years, a physician performed physical examinations that included pubertal staging and testicular volume measurements. We review the history of Chapaevsk as a research site and summarize published RCS data on the association of peripubertal serum concentrations of organochlorines and blood lead levels with growth, pubertal onset and sexual maturity. Overall, we found that persistent organochlorines and lead negatively affected growth during puberty. Our results also suggest that total toxic equivalents (TEQs), dioxin-like compounds, organochlorine pesticides and lead may delay, while nondioxin-like-PCBs may advance, the timing of male puberty. These findings promoted remediation programs in Chapaevsk, with improvement in health indicators, resulting in Chapaevsk being designated a member of the World Health Organization (WHO) network "Healthy Cities" in 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Sergeyev
- Department of Genomics and Human Genetics Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Chapaevsk Medical Association, Chapaevsk, Samara Region, Russia
| | - Jane S. Burns
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
| | - Paige L. Williams
- Departments of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susan A. Korrick
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mary M. Lee
- Pediatric Endocrine Division, Departments of Pediatrics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Boris Revich
- Institute for Forecasting, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Russ Hauser
- Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology Program, Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, USA
- Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zarzycka M, Gorowska-Wojtowicz E, Tworzydlo W, Klak A, Kozub K, Hejmej A, Bilinska B, Kotula-Balak M. Are aryl hydrocarbon receptor and G-protein-coupled receptor 30 involved in the regulation of seasonal testis activity in photosensitive rodent-the bank vole (Myodes glareolus)? Theriogenology 2016; 86:674-686.e1. [PMID: 27004452 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Within the reproductive system both aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) contribute to estrogen signaling and controlling of reproductive physiology. The specific question is whether and how AHR and GPR30 are involved in regulation of testis function in seasonally breeding rodents. Bank vole testes were obtained from animals reared under 18 hours light:6 hours dark (LD) and 6 hours light:18 hours dark (SD) conditions. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and GPR30 expression were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry and/or immunofluorescent staining. In addition, the activity of enzymes involved in the intracellular signal transduction; extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), protein kinase (PKA), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP 9) and the concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and calcium (Ca(2+)) were examined by immunohistochemical, immunoenzymatic, and colorimetric assays, respectively. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and GPR30 were expressed in testes of actively reproducing voles and regressed ones although their expression at the messenger RNA and AHR also at protein level appeared to be photoperiod-dependent. A specific cellular localization and expression of AHR and GPR30 correlated with the expression of ERK, PKA, and MMP 9. Moreover, we found robust differences in the levels of cAMP, cGMP, and Ca(2+) in testicular homogenates between LD and SD voles. In the testes of LD voles, the levels of second messengers were always higher compared to SD. In vole testis, AHR and GPR30 can induce signaling pathways that involve ERK, PKA, MMP 9 and cAMP, cGMP, Ca(2+). In addition, in AHR, signaling the engagement of both photoperiod and estrogens, whereas in GPR30, signaling only estrogens is reported. It is likely that in vole, because of a differential activity of signaling molecules, signal transduction via AHR rather than through GPR30 plays a role in regulation of seasonal changes of testis physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zarzycka
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Waclaw Tworzydlo
- Department of Developmental Biology and Morphology of Invertebrates, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Klak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Kozub
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Hejmej
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Bilinska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Baker NA, Shoemaker R, English V, Larian N, Sunkara M, Morris AJ, Walker M, Yiannikouris F, Cassis LA. Effects of Adipocyte Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Deficiency on PCB-Induced Disruption of Glucose Homeostasis in Lean and Obese Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:944-50. [PMID: 25734695 PMCID: PMC4590748 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) promote adipocyte inflammation and impair glucose homeostasis in lean mice. The diabetes-promoting effects of lipophilic PCBs have been observed only during weight loss in obese mice. The molecular mechanisms linking PCB exposures to impaired glucose metabolism are unclear. OBJECTIVES In this study we tested the hypothesis that coplanar PCBs act at adipocyte aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs) to promote adipose inflammation and impair glucose homeostasis in lean mice and in obese mice during weight loss. METHODS AND RESULTS PCB-77 administration impaired glucose and insulin tolerance in LF (low fat diet)-fed control (AhR(fl/fl)) mice but not in adipocyte AhR-deficient mice (AhR(AdQ)). Unexpectedly, AhR(AdQ) mice exhibited increased fat mass when fed a standard LF or high fat (HF) diet. In mice fed a HF diet, both genotypes became obese, but AhR(AdQ) mice administered vehicle (VEH) exhibited increased body weight, adipose mass, adipose inflammation, and impaired glucose tolerance compared with AhR(fl/fl) controls. Impairment of glucose homeostasis in response to PCB-77 was not observed in obese mice of either genotype. However, upon weight loss, AhR(fl/fl) mice administered PCB-77 exhibited increased abundance of adipose tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mRNA and impaired glucose homeostasis compared with those administered VEH. In contrast, PCB-77 had no effect on TNF-α or glucose homeostasis in AhR(AdQ) mice exhibiting weight loss. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that adipocyte AhR mediates PCB-induced adipose inflammation and impairment of glucose homeostasis in mice. Moreover, deficiency of AhR in adipocytes augmented the development of obesity, indicating that endogenous ligand(s) for AhR regulate adipose homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicki A Baker
- Department of Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ghotbaddini M, Powell JB. The AhR Ligand, TCDD, Regulates Androgen Receptor Activity Differently in Androgen-Sensitive versus Castration-Resistant Human Prostate Cancer Cells. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:7506-18. [PMID: 26154658 PMCID: PMC4515671 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120707506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The reported biological effects of TCDD include induction of drug metabolizing enzymes, wasting syndrome and tumor promotion. TCDD elicits most of its effects through binding the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). TCDD induced degradation of AhR has been widely reported and requires ubiquitination of the protein. The rapid depletion of AhR following TCDD activation serves as a mechanism to modulate AhR mediated gene induction. In addition to inducing AhR degradation, TCDD has been reported to induce degradation of hormone receptors. The studies reported here, evaluate the effect of TCDD exposure on androgen receptor (AR) expression and activity in androgen-sensitive LNCaP and castration-resistant C4-2 prostate cancer cells. Our results show that TCDD exposure does not induce AhR or AR degradation in C4-2 cells. However, both AhR and AR are degraded in LNCaP cells following TCDD exposure. In addition, TCDD enhances AR phosphorylation and induces expression of AR responsive genes in LNCaP cells. Our data reveals that TCDD effect on AR expression and activity differs in androgen-sensitive and castration-resistant prostate cancer cell models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghotbaddini
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Drive, S.W. Atlanta, GA 30314, USA.
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development (CCRTD), Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Drive, S.W., Atlanta, GA 30314, USA.
| | - Joann B Powell
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Drive, S.W. Atlanta, GA 30314, USA.
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development (CCRTD), Clark Atlanta University, 223 James P. Brawley Drive, S.W., Atlanta, GA 30314, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Advancing research on endocrine disrupting chemicals in breast cancer: Expert panel recommendations. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 54:141-7. [PMID: 25549947 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer incidence continues to increase in the US and Europe, a reflection of the growing influence of environment factors that interact with personal genetics. The US Environmental Protection Agency estimates that there are approximately 10,000 endocrine disrupting chemicals among the common daily exposures that could affect the risk of disease. The daunting tasks of identifying, characterizing, and elucidating the mechanisms of endocrine disrupting chemicals in breast cancer need to be addressed to produce a comprehensive model that will facilitate preventive strategies and public policy. An expert panel met to describe and bring attention to needs linking common environmental exposures, critical windows of exposure, and optimal times of assessment in investigating breast cancer risk. The group included investigators with extensive experience in the use of rodent models and in leading population studies and produced a set of recommendations for effective approaches to gaining insights into the environmental origins of breast cancer across the lifespan.
Collapse
|
12
|
Lanham KA, Plavicki J, Peterson RE, Heideman W. Cardiac myocyte-specific AHR activation phenocopies TCDD-induced toxicity in zebrafish. Toxicol Sci 2014; 141:141-54. [PMID: 25037585 PMCID: PMC4271120 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of zebrafish embryos to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) activates the zebrafish aryl hydrocarbon receptor 2 (AHR) to produce developmental and cardiovascular toxicity. AHR is found in the heart; however, AHR activation by TCDD is not confined to the heart and occurs throughout the organism. In order to understand the cause of cardiotoxicity, we constructed a constitutively active AHR (caAHR) based on the zebrafish AHR2 and expressed it specifically in cardiomyocytes. We show that AHR activation within the cardiomyocytes can account for the heart failure induced by TCDD. Expression of the caAHR within the heart produced cardiac malformations, loss of circulation, and pericardial edema. The heart-specific activation of AHR reproduced several other well-characterized endpoints of TCDD toxicity outside of the cardiovascular system, including defects in swim bladder and craniofacial development. This work identifies a single cellular site of TCDD action, the myocardial cell, that can account for the severe cardiovascular collapse observed following early life stage exposure to TCDD, and contributes to other forms of toxicity.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cardiotoxicity
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects
- Embryo, Nonmammalian/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental/drug effects
- Heart Defects, Congenital/chemically induced
- Heart Defects, Congenital/embryology
- Heart Defects, Congenital/metabolism
- Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects
- Myocytes, Cardiac/metabolism
- Plasmids
- Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins/toxicity
- Promoter Regions, Genetic
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/genetics
- Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon/metabolism
- Regional Blood Flow/drug effects
- Zebrafish/embryology
- Zebrafish/metabolism
- Zebrafish Proteins/genetics
- Zebrafish Proteins/metabolism
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin A Lanham
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 777 Highland Avenue, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222
| | - Jessica Plavicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 777 Highland Avenue, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222
| | - Richard E Peterson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 777 Highland Avenue, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222
| | - Warren Heideman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 777 Highland Avenue, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lind L, Penell J, Luttropp K, Nordfors L, Syvänen AC, Axelsson T, Salihovic S, van Bavel B, Fall T, Ingelsson E, Lind PM. Global DNA hypermethylation is associated with high serum levels of persistent organic pollutants in an elderly population. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2013; 59:456-61. [PMID: 23933504 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Revised: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Dioxin exposure has experimentally been associated with changes in DNA methylation, an epigenetic change that is associated with disease. The present study aims to investigate if serum levels of dioxin and other persistent environmental pollutants are related to global DNA methylation in a human sample. In the population-based Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) study (all aged 70), global DNA methylation was measured by the Luminometric Methylation Assay in 524 subjects. Twenty-three different POPs, including 16 PCBs, five pesticides, one dioxin (OCDD) and one brominated flame retardant (BDE47) were analysed by HRGC/HRMS. Ten single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Aryl hydrocarbon (Ah)-receptor were analysed by mini-sequencing. High levels of toxic equivalency (TEQ) for PCBs and dioxin were associated with DNA hypermethylation (p=0.030). This was mainly attributed to coplanar non-ortho PCBs. While no significant associations were found between DNA methylation and SNPs in the Ah-receptor, an interaction was found between the SNP rs2237297 and TEQ so that TEQ was associated with hypermethylation (p=0.009) only in subjects with one G-allele (n=103). Also high levels of the PCB126 congener, the OCDD, and the pesticide metabolite p,p'-DDE were related to DNA hypermethylation (p=0.01, 0.03 and 0.003, respectively). In conclusion, in a sample of elderly subjects, high TEQ including PCBs and the dioxin OCDD and high serum levels of PCB126, OCDD, and p,p'-DDE were related to global DNA hypermethylation in a cross-sectional analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Lind
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Brokken LJS, Lundberg-Giwercman Y, Meyts ERD, Eberhard J, Ståhl O, Cohn-Cedermark G, Daugaard G, Arver S, Giwercman A. Association between polymorphisms in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor repressor gene and disseminated testicular germ cell cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2013; 4:4. [PMID: 23420531 PMCID: PMC3572423 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2013.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Western world, testicular germ cell cancer (TGCC) is the most common malignancy of young men. The malignant transformation of germ cells is thought to be caused by developmental and hormonal disturbances, probably related to environmental and lifestyle factors because of rapidly increasing incidence of TGCC in some countries. Additionally, there is a strong genetic component that affects susceptibility. However, genetic polymorphisms that have been identified so far only partially explain the risk of TGCC. Many of the persistent environmental pollutants act through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). AHR signaling pathway is known to interfere with reproductive hormone signaling, which is supposed to play a role in the pathogenesis and invasive progression of TGCC. The aim of the present study was to identify whether AHR-related polymorphisms were associated with risk as well as histological and clinical features of TGCC in 367 patients and 537 controls. Haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in genes encoding AHR and AHR repressor (AHRR). Binary logistic regression was used to calculate the risk of TGCC, non-seminoma versus seminoma, and metastasis versus localized disease. Four SNPs in AHRR demonstrated a significant allele association with risk to develop metastases (rs2466287: OR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.90; rs2672725: OR = 0.49, 95% CI: 0.25-0.94; rs6879758: OR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.08-0.92; rs6896163: OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.12-0.98). This finding supports the hypothesis that compounds acting through AHR may play a role in the invasive progression of TGCC, either directly or through modification of reproductive hormone action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leon J. S. Brokken
- Department of Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Lund University Malmö, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Leon J. S. Brokken, Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Lund University, House 91, Floor 10, Jan Waldenströms gata 35, 20502 Malmö, Sweden. e-mail:
| | | | | | - Jakob Eberhard
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University HospitalLund, Sweden
| | - Olof Ståhl
- Department of Oncology, Skåne University HospitalLund, Sweden
| | - Gabriella Cohn-Cedermark
- Department of Oncology–Pathology, Radiumhemmet, Karolinska Institute and University HospitalStockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Stefan Arver
- Centre for Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Department of MedicineStockholm, Sweden
| | - Aleksander Giwercman
- Department of Molecular Reproductive Medicine, Lund University Malmö, Sweden
- Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University HospitalMalmö, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Björk C, Giwercman YL. Androgen receptor CAG repeat length modifies the effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on receptor activity in human prostate cells. Reprod Toxicol 2012; 35:144-9. [PMID: 23117151 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2012] [Revised: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Increased incidence of prostate cancer has been reported in men exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). TCDD acts through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which interacts with the androgen receptor (AR). The AR gene contains a polymorphic CAG repeat that influences its transcriptional activity. We investigated the influence of TCDD on prostate cancer cells (PC-3) and non-tumor prostate cells (PNT1A) on 5α-dihydrotestosterone-activated ARs containing CAG repeats within normal length range (16, 22, and 28). The AhR target gene CYP1A1 mRNA expression was induced by TCDD, but was not affected by the AR CAG length. TCDD had no effect on AR activity in PC-3 cells, whereas the shortest AR variant was induced by TCDD in PNT1A cells. In conclusion, the CAG length dependent effect of TCDD on AR activity in PNT1A, but not in PC-3 cells, indicates as a cell-specific effect of TCDD on AR activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christel Björk
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Molecular Genetic Reproductive Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
| | | |
Collapse
|