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Oviedo-Matamoros F, Pérez-Villanueva ME, Masís-Mora M, Aguilar-Álvarez R, Ramírez-Morales D, Méndez-Rivera M, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE. Biological treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater from coffee crops: selection and optimization of a biomixture and biobed design. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1357839. [PMID: 38384273 PMCID: PMC10881177 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1357839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The biopurification systems (BPS) or biobeds are employed for the treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater of agricultural origin. The use of these devices for pesticide removal requires the proper optimization of the composition of biomixtures (BPS active matrix) according to the target pesticides applied on a specific crop and the available materials used in their elaboration. This work aims to design a biomixture for the simultaneous treatment of several pesticides applied in coffee crops, according to local practices in Costa Rica. Three biomixtures containing either coffee husk, coconut fiber or rice husk (as the lignocellulosic substrate) were applied for the removal of 12 pesticides. The profiles of pesticide elimination and the mineralization of radiolabeled chlorpyrifos (14C-chlorpyrifos) revealed that the best performance was achieved with the coconut fiber biomixture, even though similar detoxification patterns were determined in every biomixture (according to immobilization in Daphnia magna and germination tests in Lactuca sativa). The optimization of this biomixture's composition by means of a central composite design permitted the definition of two optimal compositions (compost:soil:coconut fiber, % v/v) that maximized pesticide removal: i. 29:7.3:63.7 and ii. 11:7.3:81.7. The validation of these optimized compositions also included the use of an alternative soil from another coffee farm and resulted in overall DT50 values of 7.8-9.0 d for the pesticide mixture. Considering the removal kinetics in the optimized biomixture, a 1 m3 BPS prototype was dimensioned to be eventually used in local coffee farms. This work provides relevant information for the design and implementation of BPS at on-farm conditions for the treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater of a major crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Oviedo-Matamoros
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Marta E. Pérez-Villanueva
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mario Masís-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | | | - Didier Ramírez-Morales
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Michael Méndez-Rivera
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
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Herrera W, Vera J, Hermosilla E, Diaz M, Tortella GR, Dos Reis RA, Seabra AB, Diez MC, Rubilar O. The Catalytic Role of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as a Support Material for TiO 2 and ZnO on Chlorpyrifos Photodegradation in an Aqueous Solution. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:299. [PMID: 38334570 PMCID: PMC10856829 DOI: 10.3390/nano14030299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a globally used pesticide with acute toxicity. This work studied the photocatalytic degradation of CP using TiO2, ZnO nanoparticles, and nanocomposites of TiO2 and ZnO supported on SPIONs (SPION@SiO2@TiO2 and SPION@SiO2@ZnO). The nanocomposites were synthesized by multi-step incipient wetness impregnation. The effects of the initial pH, catalyst type, and dose were evaluated. The nanocomposites of SPION@SiO2@TiO2 and SPION@SiO2@ZnO showed higher CP photodegradation levels than free nanoparticles, reaching 95.6% and 82.3%, respectively, at pH 7. The findings indicate that iron oxide, as a support material for TiO2 and ZnO, extended absorption edges and delayed the electron-hole recombination of the nanocomposites, improving their photocatalytic efficiency. At the same time, these nanocomposites, especially SPION@SiO2@TiO2, showed efficient degradation of 3,5,6-trichloropyridinol (TCP), one of the final metabolites of CP. The stability and reuse of this nanocomposite were also evaluated, with 74.6% efficiency found after six cycles. Therefore, this nanomaterial represents an eco-friendly, reusable, and effective alternative for the degradation of chlorpyrifos in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wence Herrera
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Joelis Vera
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Ingeniería Mención Bioprocesos, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile;
| | - Edward Hermosilla
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente CIBAMA-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (E.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.T.); (M.C.D.)
| | - Marcela Diaz
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente CIBAMA-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (E.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.T.); (M.C.D.)
| | - Gonzalo R. Tortella
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente CIBAMA-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (E.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.T.); (M.C.D.)
| | - Roberta Albino Dos Reis
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil; (R.A.D.R.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Amedea B. Seabra
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, SP, Brazil; (R.A.D.R.); (A.B.S.)
| | - María Cristina Diez
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente CIBAMA-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (E.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.T.); (M.C.D.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - Olga Rubilar
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente CIBAMA-BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile; (E.H.); (M.D.); (G.R.T.); (M.C.D.)
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4780000, Chile
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Lee-Ann Ataikiru T, Ajuzieogu CA. Enhanced bioremediation of pesticides contaminated soil using organic (compost) and inorganic (NPK) fertilizers. Heliyon 2023; 9:e23133. [PMID: 38144266 PMCID: PMC10746455 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This research examined the bioremediation of pesticides (Carbofuran and Paraquat) contaminated farmyard soil using compost and Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium (NPK) fertilizer. Microcosms representing each treatment were set-up in triplicates. Biostimulation was done using two concentrations (0.5 % and 1.0 % w/w) of NPK fertilizer and compost, following pesticides application at recommended rates [Carbofuran (1 g/kg) and Paraquat (5 ml/kg)] and four times the recommended rates. Two control soils were set-up; Abiotic control (sterile farmyard soil + pesticide) and Control (farmyard soil without treatment). Monitoring of the dynamics in microbial community abundance, and pesticide residues during the biostimulation period was done weekly for 28 days, using standard enumeration method, and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), respectively. At the end of the monitoring period, considerable reduction in pesticide residues across the treatment set-ups was recorded. In Carbofuran-treated soils, there were no complete, but considerable losses in residual pesticide, however, in most of the Paraquat-treated soils, there were complete losses within 21 days. Lower pesticide residues were recorded in set-ups amended with compost than NPK, across both Carbofuran and Paraquat-treated soils. After pesticides application, decreases in microbial counts were recorded at Day 7 across all the treatments, followed by increases from Day 14-21, then decreases at Day 28. Microbial counts were lower in Carbofuran than in Paraquat-treated soils irrespective of nutrient (compost and NPK) amendments. Bacterial and fungal counts were in the magnitude of 106 and 105 CFU/g soil, respectively. Also, increased counts were recorded for Actinomycetes, Nitrifiers, Phosphate solubilizers across all treatments, and were in magnitude of 103-104 CFU/g soil. Soil microorganisms could breakdown and eliminate large concentrations of Carbofuran and Paraquat in compost-amended soils than in NPK-amended soils. This study suggests that bioremediation of pesticides contaminated soils can be achieved and enhanced by stimulating the indigenous microbial community with requisite nutrients (compost).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tega Lee-Ann Ataikiru
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria
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Chinnappa K, Karuna Ananthai P, Srinivasan PP, Dharmaraj Glorybai C. Green synthesis of rGO-AgNP composite using Curcubita maxima extract for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:58121-58132. [PMID: 35364789 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19917-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Curcubita maxima leaves are used as a novel source for green synthesis of reduced graphene oxide - silver nanoparticle composite in a single pot. Characterization of the novel phyto source-driven composite was performed by UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and field emission scanning electron microscopic methods. The assessment of degradation effect of chlorpyrifos by the synthesized nanocomposite was performed. The photocatalytic activity of the composite was demonstrated through two different processes as adsorption under room temperature and photocatalysis in the presence of sunlight. Different parameters such as pH, time, photocatalyst dose and pesticide concentration were optimized. The adsorption isotherms governing the photocatalytic adsorption process were investigated to predict the adsorption capacity of the synthesized nanocomposite. In addition, the results of antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposite against gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria and antifungal activity were also been found to be highly promising to utilize this composite for the removal of microbial contaminations in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Chinnappa
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, OMR, Chennai, - 600119, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Pandi Prabha Srinivasan
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Venkateswara College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur Taluk, - 602117, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Naeem H, Ahmad KS. Fungal and bacterial assisted bioremediation of environmental toxicant (N-[2-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl] ethyl]-2-(trifluoromethyl) benzamide) holding benzamidic genesis elucidating the eco-friendly strategy. J Basic Microbiol 2022; 62:711-720. [PMID: 35417042 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202100653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Fluopyram (FLP) containing benzamidic genesis utilized for seed detoxification and as a foliar application is associated with low profound toxicity in mammals but long-term toxicology investigations have revealed that FLP can stimulate tumor growth. FLP attenuation has been the first time scrutinized employing microorganisms originally identified from soils. Biodegrative assays of four fungal strains; Aspergillus fumigatus (AFu), Aspergillus terreus (AT), Aspergillus flavus (AF), Aspergillus niger (AN), and three bacterial strains: Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) Streptococcus pyogenes (SPy), and Escherichia coli (EC), were employed. Ten milligrams per liter FLP concentration was made employing separately microbe and analyzed for 35 days. The analytical technique was inclusive of ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric and high-performance liquid chromatography procedure endeavored to test FLP biodegradation. SP and AT exhibited maximal potentiality to metabolize FLP. HPLC is indicative of several metabolites formations. FLP degradation by AFu, EC, SPy, AN, AF, AT, SP was observed to be 24.2%, 82.7%, 89.8%, 90.7%, 91.3%, 95.4%, and 99.3%, explicating the efficacy of all strains employed in FLP degradation. Current investigations are indicative of significant bioremediation strategies for xenobiotic mitigation. Furthermore, the current examinations are inclusive of the augmentation of biodegradative assays to be utilized on a large scale for efficient environmental management cost-effectively and sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamna Naeem
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Khuram Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Lescano M, Fussoni N, Vidal E, Zalazar C. Biodegradation of pesticide-contaminated wastewaters from a formulation plant employing a pilot scale biobed. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:150758. [PMID: 34619204 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a pilot biobed was built up to treat pesticide-contaminated wastewaters discharged from a formulation plant. The pre-treated wastewater was spiked with additional pesticides in order to simulate a scenario of higher contamination: glyphosate, atrazine, imidacloprid, prometryn and carbendazim were added to reach a final Total Organic Carbon (TOC) concentration of 70 mg L-1. An Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC) was filled with a biomixture of soil and foxtail millet stubble (50:50% v v-1), and 200 l of the wastewater was added to the system recycling tank. The recirculation to the IBC was established for 12 h. After that (Day 0), the recirculation was turned on during the assay only to maintain the moisture for 180 days. Biomixture and wastewater samples were taken periodically to analyse pesticides and phytotoxicity in both matrices. In addition, hydrolytic and phenoloxidase activities, total bacteria and yeast and fungi communities were determined in the biomixture. The designed pilot scale biobed allowed to treat wastewaters with high concentration of pesticides reaching a complete removal of glyphosate, AMPA, atrazine, carbendazim and prometryn at 180 days. A good degradation percentage of the recalcitrant imidacloprid was achieved (60%) and the biomixture showed enough biological activity to continue treating additional wastewater. The root elongation index from the germination test showed low toxicity on day 180 both in biomixture and wastewater. The millet stubble resulted an appropriate lignocellulosic material to be used in biobeds to treat a wide variety of pesticides. The application of the seed germination test proved to be a low cost and simple tool to determine the end point of the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia Lescano
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Nerina Fussoni
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Vidal
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; Dep. de Ciencias Naturales, FHUC-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Cristina Zalazar
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina; Dep. Medioambiente, FICH-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, 3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Domínguez-Rodríguez VI, Baltierra-Trejo E, Gómez-Cruz R, Adams RH. Microbial growth in biobeds for treatment of residual pesticide in banana plantations. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12200. [PMID: 34616634 PMCID: PMC8464193 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High doses of ethylenebisdithiocarbamate (EBDC) are used in banana production, and unused pesticide mixture (solution) is often disposed of improperly. This can result in soil and water contamination and present an undue risk to rural communities and the environment. An alternative to reduce the environmental impacts caused by pesticide residues is the biobeds treatment. It is necessary to establish if the composition of the proposed biomixtures supports microbial activity to degrade pesticides in biobeds. This research aimed to evaluate the EBDC effect on the distribution and abundance of microbial populations in polluted biomixtures . Methods For this purpose, a biomixture based on banana stem, mulch, and Fluvisol soil (50:25:25% v/v) was prepared and polluted with 1,000 mg L-1 EBDC. The response variables kinetics were determined every 14 days for three months, such as pH, organic matter, moisture, cation exchange capacity, microbial colonies, and cell counts at three depths within the experimental units. Results EBDC reduced the number of microbial colonies by 72%. Bacterial cells rapidly decreased by 69% and fungi 89% on the surface, while the decrease was gradual and steady at the middle and bottom of the biobed. The microbial populations stabilized at day 42, and the bacteria showed a total recovery on day 84, but the fungi slightly less. At the end of the experiment, the concentration of EBDC in the biomixture was 1.3-4.1 mg L-1. A correlation was found between fungal count (colonies and cells) with EBDC concentration. A replacement of the biomixture is suggested if the bacterial population becomes less than 40 × 106 CFU mL-1 and the fungal population less than 8 × 104 CFU mL-1 or if the direct cell count becomes lower than 50 × 104 cells mL-1 in bacteria and 8 × 102 cells mL-1 in fungi. Conclusion The biomixture based on banana stem supports the microbial activity necessary for the degradation of the EBDC pesticide. It was found that fungi could be used as indicators of the pollutant degradation process in the biomixtures. Microbial counts were useful to establish the mobility and degradation time of the pesticide and the effectiveness of the biomixture. Based on the results, it is appropriate to include the quantification of microbial populations to assess the effectiveness of pesticide degradation and the maturity level of the biomixture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo Baltierra-Trejo
- División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico.,Catédras CONACyT, Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Gómez-Cruz
- División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Randy H Adams
- División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa, Tabasco, Mexico
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Russell JN, Perry BJ, Bergsveinson J, Freeman CN, Sheedy C, Nilsson D, Braul L, Yost CK. Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic analysis reveals enrichment for xenobiotic-degrading bacterial specialists and xenobiotic-degrading genes in a Canadian Prairie two-cell biobed system. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021; 13:720-727. [PMID: 34236147 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Biobeds are agriculture-based bioremediation tools used to safely contain and microbially degrade on-farm pesticide waste and rinsate, thereby reducing the negative environmental impacts associated with pesticide use. While these engineered ecosystems demonstrate efficient pesticide removal, the microbiomes in these environments remain largely understudied both taxonomically and functionally. This study used metagenomic and metatranscriptomic techniques to characterize the microbial community in a two-cell Canadian biobed system before and after a field season of pesticide application. These culture-independent approaches identified an enrichment of xenobiotic-degrading bacteria, such as Afipia, Sphingopyxis and Pseudomonas, and enrichment and transcription of xenobiotic-degrading genes, such as peroxidases, oxygenases, and hydroxylases, among others; we were able to directly link the transcription of these genes to Pseudomonas, Oligotropha, Mesorhizobium, Rhodopseudomonas, and Stenotrophomonas taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benjamin J Perry
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jordyn Bergsveinson
- National Hydrology Research Centre, Environment Canada and Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, S7N 3H5, Canada
| | - Claire N Freeman
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, Regina, S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Claudia Sheedy
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Denise Nilsson
- Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Larry Braul
- Research Branch, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Regina, S4P 0M3, Canada
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Evaluation of Compost and Biochar to Mitigate Chlorpyrifos Pollution in Soil and Their Effect on Soil Enzyme Dynamics. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13179695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The widespread environmental contamination of chlorpyrifos (CP) has raised human health concerns and necessitated cost-effective methods for its remediation. The current study evaluated the degradation behavior of CP in compost and biochar amended and unamended (original and sterilized) soils in an incubation trial. Two levels of CP (100 and 200 mg kg−1), compost and biochar (0.50%) were applied, and soil was collected at different time intervals. At the higher CP level (200 mg kg−1), CP a showed lower degradation rate (ƙ = 0.0102 mg kg−1 d−1) compared with a low CP level (ƙ = 0.0173 mg kg−1 d−1). The half-lives of CP were 40 and 68 days for CP at 100 and 200 mg kg−1 in original soil, respectively, and increased to 94 and 141 days in sterilized soils. CP degradation was accelerated in compost amended soils, while suppressed in biochar amended soils. Lower half lives of 20 and 37 days were observed with compost application at CP 100 and 200 mg kg−1 doses, respectively. The activities of soil enzymes were considerably affected by the CP contamination and significantly recovered in compost and biochar amended soils. In conclusion, the application of organic amendments especially compost is an important strategy for the remediation of CP contaminated soil.
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Zhu H, Yu X, Xu Y, Yan B, Bañuelos G, Shutes B, Wen Z. Removal of chlorpyrifos and its hydrolytic metabolite in microcosm-scale constructed wetlands under soda saline-alkaline condition: Mass balance and intensification strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 777:145956. [PMID: 33676222 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is a typical organophosphorus insecticide, which poses serious threats to the natural environment and human health. Strategies for the fast elimination of CP and its toxic hydrolytic metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2(1H)-pyridianol (TCP) in drainage water are urgently needed. The fate of CP and TCP in microcosm-scale subsurface batch constructed wetlands (SSBCWs) was quantified with different macrophyte species under soda saline-alkaline (SSA) condition and effective intensification strategies were developed. The macrophyte species Canna indica outperformed Phragmites australis and Typha orientalis for CP and TCP removal in SSBCWs. Mass balance calculation indicates the fate of CP in SSBCWs was residue in water (≤8%), alkaline hydrolysis (18.93-57.42%), microbial degradation (37.75-61.91%), substrate adsorption (~4-14%), and macrophyte uptake (≤3%). The addition of ferric-carbon (Fe-C) as a substrate amendment in SSBCWs increased the CP removal percentage by 35% and reduced the effluent TCP concentration by ~70% during Day 1-4 on average compared with the unintensified control. Fe-C addition simplified the microbial community diversity, while increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria which tolerates the microelectrolytic environment. A single application of liquid microbial agent improved CP removal percentage by 84% and decreased the effluent TCP concentration by two orders of magnitude during Day 1-4. The hydraulic retention time for thorough removal of TCP reduced from over 8 d to 4 d. Although only two dominant microbial genera (i.e., Sphingomonas and Pseudomonas) adapted to the environment with CP and SSA, they accelerated CP and TCP degradation via their own metabolism and co-metabolism with other indigenous microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, PR China
| | - Xiangfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, 5088 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, PR China; Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China.
| | - Yingying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, 5088 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Baixing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China; Jilin Provincial Engineering Center of CWs Design in Cold Region & Beautiful Country Construction, Changchun 130102, PR China
| | - Gary Bañuelos
- San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Science Centre, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 9611 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648-9757, USA
| | - Brian Shutes
- Department of Natural Sciences, Middlesex University, Hendon, London NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Zhidan Wen
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, PR China
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Domínguez-Rodríguez VI, Obrador-Olán JJ, Zavala-Cruz J, Baltierra-Trejo E, Ramos-Herrera S, Rosique-Gil JE, Adams RH. Substrate evaluation for biobeds in the degradation of ethylene bis-dithiocarbamate in wastewater from pesticide application in banana. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2021; 19:193-203. [PMID: 34150229 PMCID: PMC8172760 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of biobeds was evaluated by testing three agricultural residues (sugarcane top, banana stem, and eucalyptus chip) as substrates for the degradation of ethylene bis-dithiocarbamate (EBDC) and ethylene thiourea (ETU) in wastewater from banana spraying. Acrylic columns with a capacity to treat 1 L/ea. of wastewater were used as experimental units. Each unit was filled with different proportions of the test substrate (30%, 50% and 70% v/v) and the difference in volume was made up of equal parts of sugar cane cachasse and Fluvisol soil. Subsequently, the units were contaminated with suspensions of 878 mgL-1 of EBDC, and the dose was repeated periodically. The ETU concentration and leachate toxicity were evaluated every month for six months. The mixtures with 30% sugarcane top and 50% eucalyptus chip gave the best results, with leachable ETU concentrations down to a level protective of the environment, and toxicity down to background levels or nearly so. This was only found in mixtures with a high C:N ratio (20-25), thus, the effectiveness of the biobeds appears to be related to high lignolytic activity. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Isidra Domínguez-Rodríguez
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Carr. Villahermosa-Cárdenas km 0.5 Entronque Bosques de Saloya, 86150 Villahermosa, Tabasco Mexico
| | - José Jesús Obrador-Olán
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Tabasco, Periférico Carlos A. Molina s/n Carr. Cárdenas-Huimanguillo km 3.5, H. Cárdenas, 86500 Cárdenas, Tabasco Mexico
| | - Joel Zavala-Cruz
- Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Tabasco, Periférico Carlos A. Molina s/n Carr. Cárdenas-Huimanguillo km 3.5, H. Cárdenas, 86500 Cárdenas, Tabasco Mexico
| | - Eduardo Baltierra-Trejo
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Carr. Villahermosa-Cárdenas km 0.5 Entronque Bosques de Saloya, 86150 Villahermosa, Tabasco Mexico
- CONACyT-Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco. Laboratorio de Remediación, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Villahermosa, Mexico
| | - Sergio Ramos-Herrera
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Carr. Villahermosa-Cárdenas km 0.5 Entronque Bosques de Saloya, 86150 Villahermosa, Tabasco Mexico
| | - José Edmundo Rosique-Gil
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Carr. Villahermosa-Cárdenas km 0.5 Entronque Bosques de Saloya, 86150 Villahermosa, Tabasco Mexico
| | - Randy Howard Adams
- Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, División Académica de Ciencias Biológicas, Carr. Villahermosa-Cárdenas km 0.5 Entronque Bosques de Saloya, 86150 Villahermosa, Tabasco Mexico
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12
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Masís-Mora M, Beita-Sandí W, Rodríguez-Yáñez J, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE. Validation of a methodology by LC-MS/MS for the determination of triazine, triazole and organophosphate pesticide residues in biopurification systems. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1156:122296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Carniel LSC, Niemeyer JC, de Oliveira Filho LCI, Alexandre D, Gebler L, Klauberg-Filho O. Are there any risks of the disposal of pesticide effluents in soils? Biobed system meets ecotoxicology ensuring safety to soil fauna. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2020; 29:1409-1421. [PMID: 32803564 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The biobed is a purification system, which reduces soil pollution for receiving pesticide residues from handling and washing machinery in agricultural areas. The aims of this study were (1) to assess ecotoxicity effects over time to soil fauna, posed by Lorsban® 480 BR (Chlorpyrifos) and Dithane® NT (Mancozeb) residues when disposed of in a biobed system compared with two subtropical soils, and (2) to assess ecotoxicity effects over time to soil fauna simulating an accidental spillage with Lorsban® 480 BR at the biobed. A semi-field experiment was conducted for 420 days in southern Brazil, testing continuous disposal of washing pulverization tanks in biobeds, Typic Haploperox or Typic Hapludults. In addition, different biobeds received a single dose (1 L) of Lorsban® 480 BR to simulate an accidental spillage. Chronic ecotoxicity tests were performed using Folsomia candida, Eisenia andrei, and Enchytraeus crypticus in different sampling times for both experiments. F. candida was the most sensitive species. The biobed system was able to eliminate effects from residues of both pesticides over time in all species, which did not happen in both natural soils. In accidental spillage simulation, even 420 days after contamination, F. candida did not show reproduction. The biobeds can be a feasible alternative for the disposal and treatment residues of pesticides, also for handling and washing pesticides activities. The system was efficient in promoting degradation and reducing ecotoxicity effects posed by Lorsban® 480 BR and Dithane® NT for soil fauna. It is a safe alternative to avoid soil contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Scopel Camargo Carniel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo (PPGCS), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC Lages), Lages, SC, 88520-000, Brazil
- Regulatory Ecotoxicology, BASF S.A., São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Carina Niemeyer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecossistemas Agrícolas e Naturais (PPGEAN), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Curitibanos, SC, 89520-000, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos Iuñes de Oliveira Filho
- Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Capão do Leão, RS, 96160-000, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC Oeste), Chapecó, SC, 89815-630, Brazil
| | - Douglas Alexandre
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo (PPGCS), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC Lages), Lages, SC, 88520-000, Brazil
| | - Luciano Gebler
- Embrapa Uva e Vinho, BR 285, Km 115, POB 177, Vacaria, RS, 95200-970, Brazil
| | - Osmar Klauberg-Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo (PPGCS), Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC Lages), Lages, SC, 88520-000, Brazil.
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Lescano MR, Masin CE, Rodríguez AR, Godoy JL, Zalazar CS. Earthworms to improve glyphosate degradation in biobeds. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:27023-27031. [PMID: 32382913 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09002-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, earthworm effect on the efficiency of biobeds for glyphosate degradation was studied. Three biomixtures with and without the addition of earthworms (Eisenia fetida species) were evaluated. The initial concentration of glyphosate was 1000 mg/kg biomixture. Glyphosate and biological parameters were measured as a function of time. Earthworm survival, biomass, and reproduction were evaluated as well. All biomixtures that contain earthworms reached 90% of glyphosate degradation at 90 days in comparison with the biomixtures without earthworms that reached 80% approximately at the same time. Also, within the biomixtures that contained earthworms, glyphosate degradation rate was significantly higher in the one made up with soil and wheat stubble (Ws-E) showing excellent capacity for aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) degradation, the main metabolite of glyphosate degradation. In addition, a study performed after the vermiremediation process showed that E. fetida can tolerate high glyphosate concentration without modifications in its life traits. It can be concluded that the use of E. fetida within the biobeds is an excellent combination to improve glyphosate and AMPA removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maia R Lescano
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, FHUC-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Carolina E Masin
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Alba R Rodríguez
- Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, FHUC-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - José L Godoy
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Cristina S Zalazar
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
- Departamento de Medioambiente, FICH-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Acosta-Sánchez A, Soto-Garita C, Masís-Mora M, Cambronero-Heinrichs JC, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE. Impaired pesticide removal and detoxification by biomixtures during the simulated pesticide application cycle of a tropical agricultural system. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 195:110460. [PMID: 32199216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biopurification systems (BPS) or biobeds have been developed to attenuate point-source contamination due to inappropriate pesticide handling or disposal of agricultural wastewaters. The biomixture used for this strategy should be able to remove different active ingredients but its efficiency can vary due to the constant load of pesticides from crop application programs. For that reason, the performance of biomixtures in conditions that mimic the real pesticide treatment before their implementation in field settings should be assayed. This study aimed to evaluate the removal and detoxifying capacity of a previously formulated biomixture (coconut fiber, 50% v/v; compost, 25%; and soil pre-exposed to pesticides, 25%) during a simulated cycle of pesticide application (93 days) for potato production. The scheme included a first application of linuron followed by a weekly alternated treatment of the mixtures chlorpyrifos/metalaxyl and malathion/dimethomorph, and antibiotics at day 72. The biomixture showed efficient removal of linuron (half-life <15 days), and a fluctuating transformation rate for the other compounds. A constant and sustained removal was observed for malathion and methalaxyl. In contrast, lower efficiency and accumulation was described for chlorpyrifos and dimethomorph. Following antibiotic treatment, changes on pesticide removal were observed only in the case of chlorpyrifos, whose removal was slightly enhanced. Furthermore, acute toxicity assays showed limited detoxification of the matrix, especially when compounds began to accumulate. Summarizing, our experiments showed that the proposed biomixture does not support a proper removal of the pesticides during the simulated application cycle of potato production. Further optimization of a biopurification system is required to guarantee the successful elimination of pesticide combinations when applied in field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Acosta-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Claudio Soto-Garita
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mario Masís-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Juan Carlos Cambronero-Heinrichs
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica; Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Carlos E Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica.
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16
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Dias LDA, Gebler L, Niemeyer JC, Itako AT. Destination of pesticide residues on biobeds: State of the art and future perspectives in Latin America. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 248:126038. [PMID: 32041065 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Land-use intensification with a high demand for pesticides is a consequence of human population increase. Feasible alternatives for correct concentrated residues discharge are necessary to avoid soil and water resources contamination. Biobeds are in situ bioreactors for treating pesticide residues, used by several European and American countries due to its low cost and simple construction, whose efficiency has been scientifically proved for over 20 years. This review presents the state of the art of biobeds in Latin America (LA), identifying advances and future research needs. Factors affecting the efficiency of biobeds are discussed, like ideal temperature, moisture, and microbial communities, followed by methods for evaluating the bioreactor's efficiency. It was necessary to adapt this technology to the climatic and economic conditions of Latin-American countries, due to its European origins. Guatemala is the LA country that uses biobeds as official technology. Brazil, Argentina, Costa Rica and Chile are examples of countries that are actively investigating new substrates and pursuing legal aspects for the establishment of the biobeds. Robust scientific evidences may enable farmers start using this technology, which is an environmentally safe system to protect water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia de A Dias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecossistemas Agrícolas e Naturais (PPGEAN), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus de Curitibanos, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, 89520-000, Brasil.
| | - Luciano Gebler
- Estação Experimental de Fruticultura de Clima Temperado (EFCT), EMBRAPA Uva e Vinho, Vacaria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil
| | - Júlia C Niemeyer
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecossistemas Agrícolas e Naturais (PPGEAN), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus de Curitibanos, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, 89520-000, Brasil
| | - Adriana T Itako
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecossistemas Agrícolas e Naturais (PPGEAN), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Campus de Curitibanos, Curitibanos, Santa Catarina, 89520-000, Brasil
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17
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Ahmad KS, Gul P. Fungicide isopyrazam degradative response toward extrinsically added fungal and bacterial strains. J Basic Microbiol 2020; 60:484-493. [PMID: 32314411 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201900687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The current research is a pioneer in the evaluation of isopyrazam biodegradation, which has been performed utilizing soil-isolated microbes. Biodisintegrative assays of pure fungal strains, namely Aspergillus flavus (AF), Penicillium chrysogenum (PC), Aspergillus niger (AN), Aspergillus terreus (AT), and Aspergillus fumigatus (AFu), and bacterial strains, namely Xanthomonas axonopodis (XA) and Pseudomonas syringae (PS), were utilized. Initial isopyrazam concentration (10 mg/L) was prepared with an individual microbial suspension and monitored for 35 days. Isopyrazam biotransformation was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively by UV-visible spectrophotometery and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. P. syringae (R2 = 0.90) and X. axonopodis (R2 = 0.88) displayed maximal potential to metabolize the fungicide (86% and 80%, respectively) while forming intermediate metabolites, including 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid ((S)-9-hydroxy-9-isopropyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-methanonaphthalen-5-yl)-amide, 3-difluoromethyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid, and 3-difluoromethyl-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-amide. Isopyrazam degradation by all strains, AT, PC, AFu, AN, AF, XA, and PS, was found to be 11%, 18%, 21%, 21%, 18%, 30%, 80%, and 86%, respectively, after 35 days, elucidating the effectiveness of all the utilized strains in degrading isopyrazam at varying rates. The descending order of half-lives (days) obtained is as follows: AT (56.8) > PC (44.7) > AFu (40.7) > AN (39.6) > AF (32.6) > XA (28.1) > PS (21) days. Current research can influence imperative and significant environment-friendly bioremedial strategies for xenobiotic eradication from the ecological compartments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuram Shahzad Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Palwasha Gul
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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18
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Tortella GR, Cuozzo S, Diez MC, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE, Durán P, Masís-Mora M, Parada J, Rubilar O. Pesticide dissipation capacity of an organic biomixture used in the agriculture exposed to copper oxychloride. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110121. [PMID: 31896474 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G R Tortella
- Facultad de Ingeniería Ciencias y Administración, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
| | - S Cuozzo
- Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos (PROIMI-CONICET), Avenida Belgrano y Pasaje Caseros, T40001MVB, Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - M C Diez
- Facultad de Ingeniería Ciencias y Administración, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - C E Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - P Durán
- Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - M Masís-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - J Parada
- Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - O Rubilar
- Facultad de Ingeniería Ciencias y Administración, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
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19
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Masís-Mora M, Lizano-Fallas V, Tortella G, Beita-Sandí W, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE. Removal of triazines, triazoles and organophophates in biomixtures and application of a biopurification system for the treatment of laboratory wastewaters. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:733-743. [PMID: 31200133 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Biopurification systems (BPS) have been barely explored for removing complex mixtures of pesticides. In this study, the potential of a biomixture to remove simultaneously a mixture of herbicides (triazines), fungicides (triazoles) and insecticides (organophosphates) is presented. Also, a BPS using the same biomixture was used for treating a pesticide testing laboratory wastewater containing a mixture of 38 compounds. Ecotoxicological assays were conducted on the BPS elutriates to investigate the mixture detoxification. A mixture (concentrations of 4-8 mg kg-1) run in small-scale biomixture systems (SSB) for 128 d showed 59.3% removal of triazines, 68.5% of organophosphates and no elimination of triazoles. The treatment of the laboratory wastewater (individual concentrations range: 0.0036-0.25 mg kg-1) in the pilot-scale BPS for 281 d resulted in the elimination pattern of organophosphates (90.0%) > triazoles (73.4%) > carbamates (71.3%) > triazines (54.3%). Complete detoxification towards Daphnia magna and partial detoxification in Lactuca sativa seeds germination occurred in the BPS. Although the pesticide mixture complexity is higher in the BPS, the lower concentrations found in this matrix, could explain removal differences between SSB and BPS and the apparent inhibition in the elimination of carbamates and some triazines observed in the latter. These findings suggest that disposal of pesticide-containing laboratory-wastewater should be done in separate containers, according to chemical groups before their treatment in separate BPS, in order to reduce treatment periods. Monitoring the treatment process in the BPS with a battery of ecotoxicological tests is strongly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Masís-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Verónica Lizano-Fallas
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Gonzalo Tortella
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Temuco, Chile
| | - Wilson Beita-Sandí
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Carlos E Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica.
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Yu X, Zhu H, Yan B, Xu Y, Bañuelos G, Shutes B, Wen H, Cheng R. Removal of chlorpyrifos and its hydrolytic metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol in constructed wetland mesocosms under soda saline-alkaline conditions: Effectiveness and influencing factors. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 373:67-74. [PMID: 30903958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chlorpyrifos (CP) is frequently detected in agricultural effluent worldwide. Both CP and its hydrolytic metabolite 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) can cause serious environment hazards, and require removal before discharged into rivers and/or lakes. The effectiveness and main influencing factors of CP and TCP removal in mesocosm-scale subsurface flow constructed wetlands (SSFCWs) were evaluated. Results indicated that CP in SSFCWs reduced to less than detection limit in 4 d and TCP to 2 μg L-1 in 8 d. Higher influent CP concentrations lengthened the degradation process for both CP and TCP. The presence of co-existing inorganic nutrients restrained the degradation of CP during the hydraulic retention time of 2 h to 2 d. A higher pH resulting from the deterioration of soda saline-alkaline level accelerated the degradation of CP through the hydrolysis process. The SSFCWs with slag operating for another 88 d (i.e., 11 trails with HRT of 8 d for each trial) revealed a better and more stable treatment performance compared with previous studies. The results of this study demonstrated the positive feasibility of using SSFCWs with slag for the decontamination of CP-associated agricultural drainage or stormwater runoff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Hui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, PR China.
| | - Baixing Yan
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, 5088 Xincheng Street, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Gary Bañuelos
- San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Science Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 9611 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648-9757, USA
| | - Brian Shutes
- Urban Pollution Research Centre, Middlesex University, Hendon, London NW4 4BT, UK
| | - Huiyang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Rui Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130012, PR China
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Kumari A, Singh N, Ramakrishnan B. Parameters affecting azoxystrobin and imidacloprid degradation in biobed substrates in the North Indian tropical environment. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2019; 54:843-857. [PMID: 31271332 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2019.1633857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study reports degradation of azoxystrobin (AZOXY) and imidacloprid (IMIDA) in the rice straw (RS)/corn cob (CC) and peat (P)/compost (C)-based biomixtures. The effect of biomixture preconditioning (10 days incubation prior to pesticide application), pesticide concentration and moisture content was evaluated. Results suggested that conditioning of biomixture greatly affected IMIDA degradation where half-life (t1/2) was reduced by 5-9 times. This was attributed to higher microbial biomass carbon content and dehydrogenase activity in the conditioned biomixtures. Pesticide application in the conditioned biomixture did not show any negative impact on soil microbial parameters. Both pesticides degraded at faster rate in the rice straw-based biomixtures than in the corn cob-based biomixtures. Degradation slowed down with increase in initial concentration of pesticides in biomixture and 1.6-3.0 (AZOXY) and 2.4-3.6 (IMIDA) times increase in t1/2 values was observed. The moisture content of biomixture showed positive effect on degradation which increased when moisture content was increased from 60 to 80% water holding capacity. The effect was significant for IMIDA degradation in the corn cob-based biomixtures and AZOXY degradation in the peat biomixtures. The rice straw-based biomixtures were better in degrading AZOXY and IMIDA and can be used in biopurification systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Kumari
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Neera Singh
- Division of Agricultural Chemicals, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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Lescano MR, Pizzul L, Castillo MDP, Zalazar CS. Glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid degradation in biomixtures based on alfalfa straw, wheat stubble and river waste. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 228:451-457. [PMID: 30245269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the work was to evaluate novel biomixtures for their use on biopurification systems (BPS) in Argentina also called biobeds. Glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) degradation was evaluated on biomixtures containing local materials: alfalfa straw (As), wheat stubble (Ws), river waste (Rw) and soil. Glyphosate, AMPA concentrations and biological activity were followed with time. Soil was used as control. Glyphosate initial concentration was 1000 mg kg-1. Glyphosate disappeared almost completely after 63 days in all tested biomixtures. For Ws, WsRw and AsRw glyphosate degradation was around 99% and for As 85%. The biomixture Ws showed the highest glyphosate degradation rate. In all cases AMPA was formed and degraded to concentrations between 60 and 100 mg kg-1. In the control with only soil, glyphosate was degraded 53% and AMPA concentration at the end of the test was 438 mg kg-1. We conclude that alfalfa straw, wheat stubble and river waste are local materials that can be used in the preparation of biomixtures since they showed higher glyphosate degradation capacity and less AMPA accumulation compared to the soil alone. Also, the presence of river waste did enhance the water retention capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Lescano
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - L Pizzul
- RISE- Research Institutes of Sweden, Uppsala, S-750 07, Sweden
| | - M D P Castillo
- RISE- Research Institutes of Sweden, Uppsala, S-750 07, Sweden
| | - C S Zalazar
- Instituto de Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Industria Química (INTEC, UNL-CONICET), 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina; Dep. Medioambiente, FICH-UNL, Ciudad Universitaria, 3000, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Masin CE, Lescano MR, Rodríguez AR, Godoy JL, Zalazar CS. Earthworms to assess the innocuousness of spent biomixtures employed for glyphosate degradation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2018; 53:519-525. [PMID: 29708830 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2018.1462922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the innocuousness of different biomixtures employed for glyphosate degradation was tested through Eisenia fetida earthworms. Eight biomixtures were prepared with local materials: alfalfa straw (AS), wheat stubble (WS), river waste (RW) and two different soils (A and B). Each biomixture was divided into two equal portions: one without glyphosate application (control substrate) and the other was sprayed with a commercial glyphosate formulation of 1,000 mg glyphosate a.i. kg-1 biomixture (applied substrate). The bioassay started when all sprayed biomixtures reached high percentages of glyphosate degradation (spent biomixtures). Three parameters were studied: survival, adults and juveniles biomass and reproduction. The results allowed the identification of three biomixtures (AWS, BWS and BWSRW) for good maintenance and development of E. fetida. In addition, at the end of the bioassay two of the viable biomixtures (AWS and BWS) showed the highest performance of juvenile earthworms compared to a reference soil. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) indicated that the biomixtures containing high silt and clay percentages and minor density renders higher values of earthworm growth and reproduction. Therefore, these innocuous biomixtures can be used as organic amendments or recycled materials for new treatments on biobeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina E Masin
- a INTEC, Universidad Nacional del Litoral and CONICET , Santa Fe , Argentina
| | - Maia R Lescano
- a INTEC, Universidad Nacional del Litoral and CONICET , Santa Fe , Argentina
- b FHUC, Departamento Ciencias Naturales , Universidad Nacional del Litoral , Santa Fe , Argentina
| | - Alba R Rodríguez
- b FHUC, Departamento Ciencias Naturales , Universidad Nacional del Litoral , Santa Fe , Argentina
| | - José L Godoy
- a INTEC, Universidad Nacional del Litoral and CONICET , Santa Fe , Argentina
| | - Cristina S Zalazar
- a INTEC, Universidad Nacional del Litoral and CONICET , Santa Fe , Argentina
- c FICH, Departamento de Medio Ambiente , Universidad Nacional del Litoral , Santa Fe , Argentina
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Diez MC, Leiva B, Gallardo F. Novel insights in biopurification system for dissipation of a pesticide mixture in repeated applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:21440-21450. [PMID: 28914414 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0130-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A biopurification system based on the adsorption and degradation capacity of a biomixture to degrade a mixture of pesticides (atrazine, chlorpyrifos, iprodione; 50 mg kg-1 each) in repeated applications (0, 30, and 60 days) was evaluated. Tanks of 1 m3 packed with a biomixture (ρ 0.29 g mL-1) with and without vegetal cover were used. The biomixture contained soil, peat, and wheat straw in a proportion 1:1:2 by volume, respectively. Pesticide concentrations, biological activities (urease, phenoloxidase, and dehydrogenase), and microbial community changes (DGGE and qPCR) were evaluated periodically. Pesticide dissipation was higher in tanks with vegetal cover (> 95%) and no variation was observed after the three applications; contrarily, pesticide dissipation decreased in the tank without vegetal cover after each application. The presence of vegetal cover decreased the half-life of pesticides by at least twice. Biological activities were in general not affected by the application and reapplication of pesticides in the same treatment; however, they exhibited some differences between tanks containing and lacking the vegetal cover. High similarity between microbial groups (actinobacteria, bacteria, and fungi) was observed, suggesting no influence ascribable to the successive pesticide applications. The number of copies of bacteria and actinobacteria remained almost constant during the assay. However, the number of copies of fungi was significantly higher in the uncontaminated tank without vegetal cover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Diez
- Chemical Engineering Department, La Frontera University, Temuco, Chile.
- Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Temuco, Chile.
| | - Bárbara Leiva
- Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Temuco, Chile
| | - Felipe Gallardo
- Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment - Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (CIBAMA-BIOREN), Temuco, Chile
- Chemical Sciences and Natural Resource Department, La Frontera University, Temuco, Chile
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Vareli CS, Pizzutti IR, Gebler L, Cardoso CD, Gai DS, Fontana ME. Analytical method validation to evaluate dithiocarbamates degradation in biobeds in South of Brazil. Talanta 2018; 184:202-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Alternative Approaches to Determine the Efficiency of Biomixtures Used for Pesticide Degradation in Biopurification Systems. METHODS IN PHARMACOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7425-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Elgueta S, Correa A, Campo M, Gallardo F, Karpouzas D, Diez MC. Atrazine, chlorpyrifos, and iprodione effect on the biodiversity of bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi in a pilot biopurification system with a green cover. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2017; 52:651-657. [PMID: 28594308 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2017.1330070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The use of biopurification systems can mitigate the effects of pesticide contamination on farms. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pesticide dissipation on microbial communities in a pilot biopurification system. The pesticide dissipation of atrazine, chlorpyrifos and iprodione (35 mg kg-1 active ingredient [a.i.]) and biological activity were determined for 40 days. The microbial communities (bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi) were analyzed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). In general, pesticide dissipation was the highest by day 5 and reached 95%. The pesticides did not affect biological activity during the experiment. The structure of the actinomycete and bacterial communities in the rhizosphere was more stable during the evaluation than that in the communities in the control without pesticides. The rhizosphere fungal communities, detected using DGGE, showed small and transitory shifts with time. To conclude, rhizosphere microbial communities were not affected during pesticide dissipation in a pilot biopurification system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Elgueta
- a Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA) , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
- b Department of Environment and Sustainability , Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, CRI La Platina , Santiago , Chile
| | - Arturo Correa
- b Department of Environment and Sustainability , Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, CRI La Platina , Santiago , Chile
| | - Marco Campo
- a Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA) , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
| | - Felipe Gallardo
- a Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA) , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
| | - Dimitrios Karpouzas
- d Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology , University of Thessaly , Larissa , Viopolis , Greece
| | - Maria Cristina Diez
- a Biotechnological Research Center Applied to the Environment (CIBAMA) , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
- c Chemical Engineering Department , University of La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
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Castro-Gutiérrez V, Masís-Mora M, Diez MC, Tortella GR, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE. Aging of biomixtures: Effects on carbofuran removal and microbial community structure. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:418-425. [PMID: 27810542 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.10.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine the efficiency of a straw/compost/soil biomixture for pesticide depuration during its aging and continuous use, for a period of over a year, based on its capacity to remove carbofuran (CFN), while simultaneously monitoring the variations in microbial community structure. Successive CFN spikings were applied in the biomixture at 6-week intervals, and the removal efficiency was determined 48 h post-application. Initially, only a discrete degradation performance was observed (9.9%), but one CFN application was sufficient to induce efficient elimination (>88.5%) of the pesticide at subsequent influxes for a period of over 6 months. A statistically significant reduction on CFN removal efficiency after this time was detected, reaching levels similar to the fresh-prepared biomixture (14.8%) at the end of the experiment. Simultaneous DGGE analyses showed only modest changes on microbial community patterns through time for both, bacteria and fungi. The clustering of genetic fingerprints in chronological groups corresponding to significantly different CFN degradation efficiencies indicates that biomixture aging changes not only the composition of microbial communities, but also their suitability to engage in pesticide degradation. Periodic substitution of straw/compost/soil biomixture in biopurification systems or regular provision of easily-degradable organic substrates should be considered to maintain an adequate depuration capacity on this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Castro-Gutiérrez
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica; Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular (CIBCM), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Mario Masís-Mora
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - María Cristina Diez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Gonzalo R Tortella
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Centro de Excelencia en Investigación Biotecnológica Aplicada al Medio Ambiente (CIBAMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Carlos E Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica.
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Chin-Pampillo JS, Masís-Mora M, Ruiz-Hidalgo K, Carazo-Rojas E, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE. Removal of carbofuran is not affected by co-application of chlorpyrifos in a coconut fiber/compost based biomixture after aging or pre-exposure. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 46:182-189. [PMID: 27521950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Biomixtures constitute the biologically active part of biopurification systems (BPS), which are used to treat pesticide-containing wastewater. The aim of this work was to determine whether co-application of chlorpyrifos (CLP) affects the removal of carbofuran (CFN) (both insecticide/nematicides) in a coconut fiber-compost-soil biomixture (FCS biomixture), after aging or previous exposure to CFN. Removal of CFN and two of its transformation products (3-hydroxycarbofuran and 3-ketocarbofuran) was enhanced in pre-exposed biomixtures in comparison to aged biomixtures. The co-application of CLP did not affect CFN removal, which suggests that CLP does not inhibit microbial populations in charge of CFN transformation. Contrary to the removal behavior, mineralization of radiolabeled (14)C-pesticides showed higher mineralization rates of CFN in aged biomixtures (with respect to freshly prepared or pre-exposed biomixtures). In the case of CLP, mineralization was favored in freshly prepared biomixtures, which could be ascribed to high sorption during aging and microbial inhibition by CFN in pre-exposure. Regardless of removal and mineralization results, toxicological assays revealed a steep decrease in the acute toxicity of the matrix on the microcrustacean Daphnia magna (over 97%) after 8days of treatment of individual pesticides or the mixture CFN/CLP. Results suggest that FCS biomixtures are suitable to be used in BPS for the treatment of wastewater in fields where both pesticides are employed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario Masís-Mora
- Research Center of Environmental Contamination (CICA), University of Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Karla Ruiz-Hidalgo
- Research Center of Environmental Contamination (CICA), University of Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica
| | - Elizabeth Carazo-Rojas
- Research Center of Environmental Contamination (CICA), University of Costa Rica, 2060 San José, Costa Rica
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Mukherjee S, Tappe W, Weihermueller L, Hofmann D, Köppchen S, Laabs V, Schroeder T, Vereecken H, Burauel P. Dissipation of bentazone, pyrimethanil and boscalid in biochar and digestate based soil mixtures for biopurification systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 544:192-202. [PMID: 26657365 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Biopurification systems, such as biofilters, are biotechnological tools to prevent point sources of pesticide pollution stemming from on-farm operations. For the purification processes pesticide sorption and mineralization and/or dissipation are essential and both largely depend on the type of filling materials and the pesticide in use. In this paper the mineralization and dissipation of three contrasting (14)C-labeled pesticides (bentazone, boscalid, and pyrimethanil) were investigated in laboratory incubation experiments using sandy soil, biochar produced from Pine woodchips, and/or digestate obtained from anaerobic digestion process using maize silage, chicken manure, beef and pig urine as feedstock. The results indicate that the addition of digestate increased pesticide mineralization, whereby the mineralization was not proportional to the digestate loads in the mixture, indicating a saturation effect in the turnover rate of pesticides. This effect was in correlation with the amount of water extractable DOC, obtained from the digestate based mixtures. Mixing biochar into the soil generally reduced total mineralization and led to larger sorption/sequestration of the pesticides, resulting in faster decrease of the extractable fraction. Also the addition of biochar to the soil/digestate mixtures reduced mineralization compared to the digestate alone mixture but mineralization rates were still higher as for the biochar/soil alone. In consequence, the addition of biochar to the soil generally decreased pesticide dissipation times and larger amounts of biochar led to high amounts of non-extractable residues of pesticide in the substrates. Among the mixtures tested, a mixture of digestate (5%) and biochar (5%) gave optimal results with respect to mineralization and simultaneous sorption for all three pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Mukherjee
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-3), Agrosphere Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Tappe
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-3), Agrosphere Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Lutz Weihermueller
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-3), Agrosphere Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Diana Hofmann
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-3), Agrosphere Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Stephan Köppchen
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-3), Agrosphere Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Volker Laabs
- BASF SE, Crop Protection, 67117, Limburgerhof, Germany
| | - Tom Schroeder
- BASF SE, Crop Protection, 67117, Limburgerhof, Germany
| | - Harry Vereecken
- Institute of Bio- and Geosciences (IBG-3), Agrosphere Institute, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Peter Burauel
- Sustainable Campus, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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Pinto AP, Rodrigues SC, Caldeira AT, Teixeira DM. Exploring the potential of novel biomixtures and Lentinula edodes fungus for the degradation of selected pesticides. Evaluation for use in biobed systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 541:1372-1381. [PMID: 26479911 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
An approach to reduce the contamination of water sources with pesticides is the use of biopurificaction systems. The active core of these systems is the biomixture. The composition of biomixtures depends on the availability of local agro-industrial wastes and design should be adapted to every region. In Portugal, cork processing is generally regarded as environmentally friendly and would be interesting to find applications for its industry residues. In this work the potential use of different substrates in biomixtures, as cork (CBX); cork and straw, coat pine and LECA (Light Expanded Clay Aggregates), was tested on the degradation of terbuthylazine, difenoconazole, diflufenican and pendimethalin pesticides. Bioaugmentation strategies using the white-rot fungus Lentinula edodes inoculated into the CBX, was also assessed. The results obtained from this study clearly demonstrated the relevance of using natural biosorbents as cork residues to increase the capacity of pesticide dissipation in biomixtures for establishing biobeds. Furthermore, higher degradation of all the pesticides was achieved by use of bioaugmented biomixtures. Indeed, the biomixtures inoculated with L. edodes EL1 were able to mineralize the selected xenobiotics, revelling that these white-rot fungi might be a suitable fungus for being used as inoculum sources in on-farm sustainable biopurification system, in order to increase its degradation efficiency. After 120 days, maximum degradation of terbuthylazine, difenoconazole, diflufenican and pendimethalin, of bioaugmented CBX, was 89.9%, 75.0%, 65.0% and 99.4%, respectively.. The dominant metabolic route of terbuthylazine in biomixtures inoculated with L. edodes EL1 proceeded mainly via hydroxylation, towards production of terbuthylazine-hydroxy-2 metabolite. Finally, sorption process to cork by pesticides proved to be a reversible process, working cork as a mitigating factor reducing the toxicity to microorganisms in the biomixture, especially in the early stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Pinto
- Chemistry Department of Science and Technology School, Évora University, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal; ICAAM - Institute of Mediterranean Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Évora University, Portugal.
| | - S C Rodrigues
- Chemistry Department of Science and Technology School, Évora University, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - A T Caldeira
- Chemistry Department of Science and Technology School, Évora University, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal; HERCULES Laboratory, Évora University, Portugal
| | - D M Teixeira
- Chemistry Department of Science and Technology School, Évora University, Rua Romão Ramalho 59, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal; HERCULES Laboratory, Évora University, Portugal
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Chin-Pampillo JS, Ruiz-Hidalgo K, Masís-Mora M, Carazo-Rojas E, Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE. Adaptation of biomixtures for carbofuran degradation in on-farm biopurification systems in tropical regions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:9839-9848. [PMID: 25647489 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A biomixture constitutes the active core of the on-farm biopurification systems, employed for the detoxification of pesticide-containing wastewaters. As biomixtures should be prepared considering the available local materials, the present work aimed to evaluate the performance of ten different biomixtures elaborated with by-products from local farming, in the degradation of the insecticide/nematicide carbofuran (CFN), in order to identify suitable autochthonous biomixtures to be used in the tropics. Five different lignocellulosic materials mixed with either compost or peat and soil were employed in the preparation of the biomixtures. The comprehensive evaluation of the biomixtures included removal of the parent compound, formation of transformation products, mineralization of radiolabeled CFN, and determination of the residual toxicity of the process. Detoxification capacity of the matrices was high, and compost-based biomixtures showed better performance than peat-based biomixtures. CFN removal over 98.5% was achieved within 16 days (eight out of ten biomixtures), with half-lives below 5 days in most of the cases. 3-Hydroxycarbofuran and 3-ketocarbofuran were found as transformation products at very low concentrations suggesting their further degradation. Mineralization of CFN was also achieved after 64 days (2.9 to 15.1%); several biomixtures presented higher mineralization than the soil itself. Acute toxicity determinations with Daphnia magna revealed a marked detoxification in the matrices at the end of the process; low residual toxicity was observed only in two of the peat-based biomixtures. Overall best efficiency was achieved with the biomixture composed of coconut fiber-compost-soil; however, results suggest that in the case of unavailability of coconut fiber, other biomixtures may be employed with similar performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Salvador Chin-Pampillo
- Centro de Investigación en Contaminación Ambiental (CICA), Universidad de Costa Rica, 2060, San José, Costa Rica
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Aceves-Diez AE, Estrada-Castañeda KJ, Castañeda-Sandoval LM. Use of Bacillus thuringiensis supernatant from a fermentation process to improve bioremediation of chlorpyrifos in contaminated soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2015; 157:213-219. [PMID: 25910975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Revised: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the potential of a nutrient-rich organic waste, namely the cell-free supernatant of Bacillus thuringiensis (BtS) gathered from fermentation, as a biostimulating agent to improve and sustain microbial populations and their enzymatic activities, thereby assisting in the bioremediation of chlorpyrifos-contaminated soil at a high dose (70 mg kg(-1)). Experiments were performed for up to 80 d. Chlorpyrifos degradation and its major metabolic product, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP), were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); total microbial populations were enumerated by direct counts in specific medium; and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis was measured as an index of soil microbial activity. Throughout the experiment, there was higher chlorpyrifos degradation in soil supplemented with BtS (83.1%) as compared to non-supplemented soil. TCP formation and degradation occurred in all soils, but the greatest degradation (30.34%) was observed in soil supplemented with BtS. The total microbial populations were significantly improved by supplementation with BtS. The application of chlorpyrifos to soil inhibited the enzymatic activity; however, this negative effect was counteracted by BtS, inducing an increase of approximately 16% in FDA hydrolysis. These results demonstrate the potential of B. thuringiensis supernatant as a suitable biostimulation agent for enhancing chlorpyrifos and TCP biodegradation in chlorpyrifos-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel E Aceves-Diez
- Research and Development Department, Minkab Laboratories, Av. 18 de Marzo No. 546, Col. La Nogalera, Guadalajara, Jalisco, P.O. Box 44470, Mexico.
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Heterogeneous reaction of particulate chlorpyrifos with NO 3 radicals: Products, pathways, and kinetics. Chem Phys Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2014.06.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rojas R, Vanderlinden E, Morillo J, Usero J, El Bakouri H. Characterization of sorption processes for the development of low-cost pesticide decontamination techniques. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 488-489:124-135. [PMID: 24830926 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2013] [Revised: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption/desorption behavior of four pesticides (atrazine, alachlor, endosulfan sulfate and trifluralin) in aqueous solutions onto four adsorbents (sunflower seed shells, rice husk, composted sewage sludge and soil) was investigated. Pesticide determination was carried out using stir bar sorptive extraction and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy. Maximum removal efficiency (73.9%) was reached using 1 g of rice husk and 50 mL of pesticide solution (200 μg L(-1)). The pseudo adsorption equilibrium was reached with 0.6 g organic residue, which was used in subsequent experiments. The pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order kinetics and the intra-particle diffusion models were used to describe the kinetic data and rate constants were evaluated. The first model was more suitable for the sorption of atrazine and alachlor while the pseudo-second-order best described endosulfan sulfate and trifluralin adsorption, which showed the fastest sorption rates. 4h was considered as the equilibrium time for determining adsorption isotherms. Experimental data were modeled by Langmuir and Freundlich models. In most of the studied cases both models can describe the adsorption process, although the Freundlich model was applicable in all cases. The sorption capacity increased with the hydrophobic character of the pesticides and decreased with their water solubility. Rice husk was revealed as the best adsorbent for three of the four studied pesticides (atrazine, alachlor and endosulfan sulfate), while better results were obtained with composted sewage sludge and sunflower seed shell for the removal of trifluralin. Although desorption percentages were not high (with the exception of alachlor, which reached a desorption rate of 57%), the Kfd values were lower than the Kf values for adsorption and all H values were below 100, indicating that the adsorption was weak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Rojas
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain.
| | - Eva Vanderlinden
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - José Morillo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - José Usero
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Hicham El Bakouri
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Seville, 41092 Seville, Spain
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Tortella G, Durán N, Rubilar O, Parada M, Diez MC. Are white-rot fungi a real biotechnological option for the improvement of environmental health? Crit Rev Biotechnol 2013; 35:165-72. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2013.823597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Tortella GR, Mella-Herrera RA, Sousa DZ, Rubilar O, Briceño G, Parra L, Diez MC. Carbendazim dissipation in the biomixture of on-farm biopurification systems and its effect on microbial communities. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:1084-1093. [PMID: 23806487 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.05.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 05/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The impact of repeated carbendazim (CARB) applications on the extent of CARB dissipation, the microbial diversity, the community level physiological profile (CLPP), and the enzymatic activity within the biomixture of an on-farm biopurification system was evaluated. After three successive CARB applications, the CARB dissipation efficiency was high; the efficiency of dissipation was 87%, 94% and 96% after each application, respectively. Although microbial enzymatic activity was affected significantly by CARB application, it could recover after each CARB pulse. Likewise, the numbers of cultivable bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes (as measured in CFUs) were slightly affected by the addition of CARB, but the inhibitory effect of the pesticide application was temporary. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and Biolog Ecoplate assays demonstrated that the microbial populations remained relatively stable over time when compared to the control. The results obtained herein therefore demonstrate the high dissipation capacity of this biomixture and highlight the microbiological robustness of this biological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tortella
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
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Tortella GR, Mella-Herrera RA, Sousa DZ, Rubilar O, Acuña JJ, Briceño G, Diez MC. Atrazine dissipation and its impact on the microbial communities and community level physiological profiles in a microcosm simulating the biomixture of on-farm biopurification system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 260:459-467. [PMID: 23811367 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of repeated atrazine application (40 mg a.i.kg(-1)) on its degradation, microbial communities and enzyme activities were studied in a peat based biomixture composed by straw, soil and peat in the volumetric proportions of 2:1:1 that can be used in on-farm biopurification system. Atrazine removal efficiency was high (96%, 78% and 96%) after each atrazine application and did not show a lag phase. Microbial enzyme activities were reduced significantly with atrazine application but rapidly recovered. Microbial diversity obtained by BiologEcoplate was similar after the first and second atrazine application. However, an inhibitory effect was observed after the third application. After each atrazine application, culturable fungi were reduced, but rapidly recovered without significant changes in culturable bacteria and actinomycetes compared to the control. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) patterns demonstrated that microbial community structure remained relatively stable in time when compared to the controls. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that after successive ATZ applications, the peat based biomixture had a good degradation capacity. Moreover, microbiological assays demonstrated the robustness of the peat based biomixture from a microbiological point of view to support pesticide degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R Tortella
- Nucleo Científico Tecnológico en Biorecursos, Universidad de La Frontera, Casilla 54-D, Temuco, Chile.
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Urrutia C, Rubilar O, Tortella GR, Diez MC. Degradation of pesticide mixture on modified matrix of a biopurification system with alternatives lignocellulosic wastes. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:1361-1366. [PMID: 23746365 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.04.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2012] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The biobed systems were designed to retain and to degrade pesticides through the properties of a biomixture composed of straw (ST), topsoil and peat (PT) 2:1:1 v/v. The ST is the main substrate in the biomixture, as it allows the proliferation of fungi that promotes pesticide degradation. The use of readily available components in the biomixture is an important aspect to build a biobed. Therefore, potential use of readily available wastes as barley husk (BH), sawdust (SW) and oat husk (OH), as total or partial substitutes of ST were tested in pesticide degradation studies. Metabolite formation and the biological activities were also evaluated. Biomixture composed of OH was highly efficient in pesticide degradation, with t½ values of 28.6, 58.9 and 26.8 d for atrazine (ATZ), chlorpyrifos (CHL) and isoproturon (ISP). On the other hand, comparable for degrading capacities with the ST based biomixture were obtained with SW and BH, but only as partial replacement. Contrarily, high t½ values (more than 100 d) were obtained in biomixtures with total substitution of ST by SW or BH. Metabolite formation was observed in all biomixtures tested, but without clear formation patterns. Moreover, high and stable biological activity was observed in the biomixtures composed of OH. Therefore, our results demonstrated that ST can be partial or totally replaced by OH in the biomixture allowing an efficient degradation of pesticide mixture. However, it is recommended that ST can be only partially replaced by BH and SW in the biomixture to allow efficient pesticide degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Urrutia
- Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar, 01145 Temuco, Chile
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Tortella GR, Rubilar O, Stenström J, Cea M, Briceño G, Quiroz A, Diez MC, Parra L. Using volatile organic compounds to enhance atrazine biodegradation in a biobed system. Biodegradation 2013; 24:711-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-013-9619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Karanasios E, Tsiropoulos NG, Karpouzas DG. On-farm biopurification systems for the depuration of pesticide wastewaters: recent biotechnological advances and future perspectives. Biodegradation 2012; 23:787-802. [PMID: 23054187 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-012-9571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Point source contamination of natural water resources by pesticides constitutes a serious problem and on-farm biopurification systems (BPS) were introduced to resolve it. This paper reviews the processes and parameters controlling BPS depuration efficiency and reports on recent biotechnological advances which have been used for enhancing BPS performance. Biomixture composition and water management are the two factors which either individually or through their interactions control the depuration performance of BPS. Which process (biodegradation or adsorption) will dominate pesticides dissipation in BPS depends on biomixture composition and the physicochemical properties of the pesticides. Biotechnological interventions such as augmentation with pesticide-degrading microbes or pesticide-primed matrices have resulted in enhanced biodegradation performance of BPS. Despite all these advancement in BPS research, there are still several issues which should be resolved to facilitate their full implementation. Safe handling and disposal of the spent biomixture is a key practical issue which needs further research. The use of BPS for the depuration of wastewaters from post-farm activities such as postharvest treatment of fruits should be a priority research issue considering the lack of alternative treatment systems. However, the key point hampering optimization of BPS is the lack of fundamental knowledge on BPS microbiology. The use of advanced molecular and biochemical methods in BPS would shed light into this issue in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Karanasios
- Department of Pesticide Control and Phytopharmacy, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Athens, Greece
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