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Wang Y, Zhang Z, Li Y, Liang C, Huang H, Wang S. Available heavy metals concentrations in agricultural soils: Relationship with soil properties and total heavy metals concentrations in different industries. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134410. [PMID: 38677121 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) pollution in agricultural soils has arisen sharply in recent years. However, the impact of main factors on available HMs concentrations in agricultural soils of the three main industries (smelting, chemical and mining industry) is unclear. Herein, soil properties (pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and texture (sand, slit, clay)), total and available concentrations were concluded based on the results of 165 research papers from 2000 to 2023 in Web of Science database. In the three industries, the correlation and redundancy analysis were used to study the correlation between main factors and available concentrations, and quantitatively analyzed the contribution of each factor to available concentrations with gradient boosting decision tree model. The results showed that different factors had varying degrees of impact on available metals in the three main industries, and the importance of same factors varied in each industry, as for soil pH, it was most important for available Pb and Zn in the chemical industry, but the total concentrations were most important in the smelting and mining industry. There was no significant correlation between total and available concentrations. Soil properties involved in this paper (especially soil pH) were negatively correlated with available concentrations. This study provides effective guidance for the formulation of soil pollution control and risk assessment standards based on industry classification in the three major industrial impact areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakun Wang
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100035, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chouyuan Liang
- School of Land Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haochong Huang
- School of Science, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Geological Resources and Environment Monitoring and Protection, Hebei Geological Environmental Monitoring Institute, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
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Ding F, Wang G, Liu S, He ZL. Key factors influencing arsenic phytotoxicity thresholds in south China acidic soils. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19905. [PMID: 37809576 PMCID: PMC10559317 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Arsenic (As) toxicity threshold values (TTVs) for plants are fundamental to both establishing regional As reference values in soil and performing risk assessment. However, TTVs vary with plant species and soil types. In this study, a hydroponic experiment with 16 plant species was conducted to screen the most As-sensitive plant species. The results showed that the EC20 (available As concentration at which shoot biomass or height is inhibited by 20%) values were 1.38-104.4 mg L-1 for shoot height and 0.24-42.87 mg L-1 for shoot fresh biomass. Rice was more sensitive to As toxicity than the other species. Therefore, it was chosen as the ecological receptor in the pot experiment on As phytotoxicity in nine types of soils collected from Fujian Province in South China. The EC10 and EC20 with respect to rice shoot height were 3.72-29.11 mg kg-1 and 7.12-45.60 mg kg-1, respectively. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that free iron oxide concentration is the major factor that affects As bioavailability in soil, and ECx (x = 10, 20, and 50) of soil available As for shoot height was positively related to free iron oxide concentration in soil. In addition, soil cation exchange capacity, clay (<0.002 mm) content, and exchangeable magnesium content are also important factors influencing As phytotoxicity in acidic soils. The regression models can be used to predict As phytotoxicity in acidic soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Ding
- Institute of Ecology, Lishui University, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
- Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL 34951, USA
| | - Guo Wang
- Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Shuxin Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Lishui Vocational & Technical College, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Zhenli L. He
- Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Indian River Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL 34951, USA
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Guo X, Chen C, Wu QT, Wei Z. Field experiments to assess the remediation efficiency of metal-contaminated soil by flushing with ferric chloride followed by applying amendments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161592. [PMID: 36646214 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn removal efficiencies achieved by flushing with FeCl3 were determined in a field experiment using soil contaminated with multiple metals. Soil was first flushed with FeCl3 and then with FeCl3 or a mixture of chelators. Flushed soil was amended with lime and organic matter to revitalize the soil, then the soil was used to grow Zea mays and Brassica juncea. The heavy metal concentrations in groundwater were determined to assess the risks of leaching caused by soil flushing. The Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn removal efficiencies were 70%, 40%, 33%, and 17%, respectively, when FeCl3 (25 mmol (kg topsoil)-1) was applied. The second washing generally did not significantly decrease the heavy metal contents of the soil but the second FeCl3 washing did decrease the Pb content. Pb leached from topsoil was partly retained by the subsoil 20-40 cm deep. The Zea mays yields were significantly lower but the Brassica juncea yields were significantly higher after the combined soil flushing and amendment treatment than after only the amendment treatment. This indicated that soil flushing only negatively affected growth of deep-rooted Z. mays. The Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations in Z. mays grains and the edible parts of B. juncea grown in remediated soil were below the Chinese tolerable limits for contaminants in food. Washing with FeCl3 did not increase groundwater contamination during the study. The results indicated that flushing soil with FeCl3 and subsequent amendments is a technically feasible method for remediating agricultural soil contaminated with Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Guo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; School of Environment and Resources, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qi-Tang Wu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zebin Wei
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Gluhar S, Kaurin A, Vodnik D, Kastelec D, Zupanc V, Lestan D. Demonstration gardens with EDTA-washed soil. Part III: Plant growth, soil physical properties and production of safe vegetables. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148521. [PMID: 34176648 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In previous reports large-scale EDTA-based soil washing using ReSoil® technology was demonstrated. In the current study, we established a vegetable garden with nine raised beds (4 × 1 × 0.5 m), three with original (contaminated) soil, three with remediated soil, and three with remediated soil vitalized by addition of vermicompost, earthworms, and rhizosphere inoculum. The garden was managed in 6 rotations between July 2018 and November 2019. Buckwheat was sown first as a green manure followed by spinach, lamb's lettuce, chicory, garlic, onion, leek, lettuce, carrot, kohlrabi and spinach again. Buckwheat growth on the remediated soil was reduced by half. Throughout the gardening process there were no remarkable differences in bulk density, hydraulic conductivity, available water capacity, and aggregate stability of the original and remediated soil. Biomass yield and plant performance, as measured by NDVI, also remained similar regardless of soil treatment. Remediation reduced Pb concentration in edible parts of vegetables from 76 (garlic) to 95% (kohlrabi), Zn concentration from 14 (lettuce) to 76% (first cutting of chicory), and Cd concentration from 33% (carrot) to 91% (leek and second cutting of chicory). The transfer of metals from soil to root and from root to shoot occurred in the order: Pb < Zn < Cd. The bioconcentration of toxic metals in edible plant parts was generally lower in the remediated soils. Application of ReSoil® technology and growing vegetables that exclude metals, especially Cd, has potential for safe food production on remediated soils. Vitalization had little effect on the properties of the remediated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gluhar
- Envit ltd., Trzaska cesta 330, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anela Kaurin
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domink Vodnik
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijana Kastelec
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Vesna Zupanc
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Lestan
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Envit ltd., Trzaska cesta 330, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Noller C, Friesl-Hanl W, Hood-Nowotny R, Puschenreiter M, Watzinger A. Effect of Chelant-Based Soil Washing and Post-Treatment on Pb, Cd, and Zn Bioavailability and Plant Uptake. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2021; 232:405. [PMID: 34789952 PMCID: PMC8550514 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-021-05356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The remediation of Pb, Cd, and Zn contaminated soil by ex situ EDTA washing was investigated in two pot experiments. We tested the influence of (i) 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%wt zero-valent iron (ZVI) and (ii) a combination of 5%wt vermicompost, 2%wt biochar, and 1%wt ZVI on the metal availability in EDTA-washed soil using different soil extracts (Aqua regia, NH4NO3) and plant concentrations. We found that EDTA soil washing significantly reduced the total concentration of Pb, Cd, and Zn and significantly reduced the Cd and Zn plant uptake. Residual EDTA was detected in water extracts causing the formation of highly available Pb-EDTA complexes. While organic amendments had no significant effect on Pb behavior in washed soils, an amendment of ≥ 1%wt ZVI successfully reduced EDTA concentrations, Pb bioavailability, and plant uptake. Our results suggest that Pb-EDTA complexes adsorb to a Fe oxyhydroxide layer, quickly developing on the ZVI surface. The increase in ZVI application strongly decreases Zn concentrations in plant tissue, whereas the uptake of Cd was not reduced, but even slightly increased. Soil washing did not affect plant productivity and organic amendments improved biomass production. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11270-021-05356-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Noller
- Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources & Life Science (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Friesl-Hanl
- Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources & Life Science (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Rebecca Hood-Nowotny
- Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources & Life Science (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources & Life Science (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Andrea Watzinger
- Department of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources & Life Science (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
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Shen X, Li C, Li M, Zhou K, Li Y. Effect of electric potentials on the removal of Cu and Zn in soil by electrokinetic remediation. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2020.1825967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Shen
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University., Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University., Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University., Nanjing, China
| | - Kang Zhou
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yizhou Li
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
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Gluhar S, Kaurin A, Lestan D. Soil washing with biodegradable chelating agents and EDTA: Technological feasibility, remediation efficiency and environmental sustainability. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127226. [PMID: 32512332 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In washing soils contaminated with toxic metals, the replacement of recalcitrant EDTA with biodegradable chelators has gained high expectations. Herein we investigated the feasibility of using EDTA and biodegradable GLDA, EDDS and IDS under conditions pertinent to operational remediation technology, in a pilot-scale experiment. GLDA and IDS did not precipitate from process solutions, which lessened their recyclability. In other process parameters, chelator supplement, Na-saturation of process solutions and processing time, EDTA outperformed biodegradable chelators. Treatment with EDTA was also the most effective in total Pb and Zn removal and least impacted soil properties. GLDA was slightly better in Cd removal. EDDS and IDS were inefficient. All chelators effectively removed easily-available Pb, Zn and Cd from the exchangeable soil fraction. EDTA was the most efficient chelator in reducing the bioaccessibility of Pb and GLDA in reducing the bioaccessibility of Cd from simulated human gastrointestinal tract. Treatment with GLDA had an edge in reducing plant bioaccessibility of toxic metals, but induced worrying leachability of Pb. This was 8.3-times higher than with the process with EDTA and 3.4-times higher than in original soil. In general, our results demonstrate the advantage of EDTA over tested biodegradable chelators in process and remediation efficiency and environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gluhar
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Envit Ltd, Trzaska Cesta 330, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anela Kaurin
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Lestan
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Envit Ltd, Trzaska Cesta 330, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Liu Z, Chen W, He X. Evaluation of hyperaccumulation potentials to cadmium (Cd) in six ornamental species (compositae). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 20:1464-1469. [PMID: 30652498 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1501343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is considered as a promising soil remediation technique. In the present study, the growth responses, cadmium (Cd) accumulation and uptake capability of six popular compositae species, namely, Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz., Tagetes erecta L., Tagetes patula L., Zinnia elegans Jacq., Centaurea cyanus L. and Gerbera jamesonii Bolus under Cd stress were investigated. Among the six compositae species, the growth of T. erecta L. and T. patula L. improved under 10 mg kg-1 Cd exposure in term of the total biomass and height increased along with the increased Cd concentration in soil, and the growth of the two plants had no significant differences at the high Cd concentration (100 mg kg-1), which indicated that they have good tolerance to Cd toxicity. At the same time, the two plants have higher biomass than four other plants. Furthermore, they can accumulate Cd above 100 μg g-1 dry tissue, which is the threshold value of a Cd-hyperaccumulator, and have higher Cd uptake ability, translocation factor (TF) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) values. According to these traits, it was shown that T. erecta L. and T. patula L. had strong tolerance and accumulation capability to Cd, therefore they can become potential hyperaccumulators in phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouli Liu
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management , Institute of Applied Ecology , Shenyang , China
| | - Wei Chen
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management , Institute of Applied Ecology , Shenyang , China
| | - Xingyuan He
- a CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management , Institute of Applied Ecology , Shenyang , China
- b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China
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Gluhar S, Jez E, Lestan D. The use of zero-valent Fe for curbing toxic emissions after EDTA-based washing of Pb, Zn and Cd contaminated calcareous and acidic soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 215:482-489. [PMID: 30340156 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The use of EDTA-based soil washing is prevented by chelant environmental persistence and the hazard of toxic post-remedial emissions. Calcareous and acidic soils with 828 and 673 mg Pb kg-1, respectively, and co-contaminated with Zn and Cd, were washed with 90 and 60 mM EDTA, respectively, to remove 67 and 80% of Pb. Washed soils were rinsed until 6.5 and 5.1 mM EDTA, respectively, was measured in the final rinsing solutions. Emissions of residual EDTA and chelated metals from remediated soils were mitigated by adsorption on zero-valent Fe (ZVI), which was added (0.5-1.5%, w/w) to the slurry of washed soil immediately before rinsing. ZVI addition prevented the initial post-remedial surge of toxic metals leachability and minimised toxic emissions from calcareous and acidic soil as soon as 6 and 7 days after remediation, respectively. The extractability/leachability of EDTA and toxic metals from remediated and ZVI amended soils diminished to close to emissions from the original soils, frequently below the limit of quantification by flame-AAS, and was not affected by the pH of the leaching solutions. Efficient curbing of toxic post-remediation emissions as demonstrated herein is of paramount importance for recognition of EDTA-based remediation as environmentally safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Gluhar
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Erika Jez
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Lestan
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; Envit Ltd., Trzaska Cesta 330, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Kaurin A, Lestan D. Multi-substrate induced microbial respiration, nitrification potential and enzyme activities in metal-polluted, EDTA-washed soils. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:238-245. [PMID: 30176497 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.08.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Efficiency and the preservation of soil functions are key requirements for sustainable remediation of contaminated soil. Microbial decomposition and conversion of substrates is a fundamental soil function. Pilot-scale EDTA-based soil washing recycled chelant generated no wastewater and removed 78% of Pb from acidic farmland soil with 860 mg kg-1 Pb and 60% of Pb from calcareous garden soil with 1030 mg kg-1 Pb. Remediation had an insignificant effect on microbial respiration in acidic soil induced by sequential additions of glucose, micro-cellulose, starch and alfa-alfa sprout powder (mimicking litter components, C-cycle). In contrast, remediation of calcareous soil reduced cumulative CO2 production after glucose (simple) and alfalfa (complex substrate) addition, by up to 40%. Remediation reduced the nitrification rate (denoting the N-cycle) in acidic soil by 30% and halved nitrification in calcareous soil. Remediation in both soils slightly or positively affected dehydrogenase and β-glucosidase activity (associated with C-cycle), and decreased urease activity (N-cycle). Generally, EDTA remediation modestly interfered with substrate utilisation in acidic soil. A more prominent effect of remediation on the functioning of calcareous soil could largely be attributed to the use of a higher EDTA dose (30 vs. 100 mmol kg-1, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anela Kaurin
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Domen Lestan
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Agronomy Department, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Wu M, Luo Q, Liu S, Zhao Y, Long Y, Pan Y. Screening ornamental plants to identify potential Cd hyperaccumulators for bioremediation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 162:35-41. [PMID: 29960120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.06.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To identify possible cadmium (Cd) accumulators or hyperaccumulators among ornamental plants, a pot experiment involving increasing Cd concentration (0, 5, 15, 30, 60, and 100 mg kg-1) was conducted among seven species. The principal objective was to screen for ornamental plants with an exceptional ability to accumulate and translocate Cd ions as well as sufficient biomass for harvesting. Regarding shoot biomass, root biomass, plant height and tolerance index (TI), Malva rotundifolia showed high tolerance to Cd and Malva crispa, Sida rhombifolia, Celosia argentea and Celosia cristata medium tolerance; Althaea rosea and Abutilon theophrasti were more sensitive to Cd than the other plants. A hormetic response was induced by Cd in M. crispa, C. argentea, C. cristata and M. rotundifolia. Based on its capacity for Cd accumulation, bioaccumulation coefficients (BCFs) and translocation factors (TFs), M. rotundifolia was selected from candidate plants after 60 days of exposure to Cd-contaminated soil and found to have accumulated more than 200 mg kg-1 Cd in its roots and 900 mg kg-1 in its shoots. Moreover, M. rotundifolia BCFs and TFs were higher than 1.0, with the former ranging from 1.41 to 3.31 and the latter from 1.03 to 7.37. Taken together, these results indicate that M. rotundifolia can be classified as a model hyperaccumulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxi Wu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qiao Luo
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Shiliang Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yin Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yue Long
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yuanzhi Pan
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
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Oyeyiola AO, Adeosun W, Fabunmi IA. Use of Agricultural Wastes for the Immobilization of Metals in Polluted Soils in Lagos State, Nigeria. J Health Pollut 2017; 7:56-64. [PMID: 30524814 PMCID: PMC6236531 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-7-13.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increase in human and industrial activities has led to an increase in the pollution of soils by metals. If these metals become bioavailable, there is potential for human exposure, leading to possible health effects. Remediation of soils is important to ensure that soil is suitable for agricultural purposes. OBJECTIVES To explore the use of sawdust and cow dung to remediate contaminated soil by reducing the bioavailability of metals. METHODS Soil samples were collected from Oke Afa dumpsite and Owode Onirin metallic store and total metal concentrations were determined by digesting with aqua regia and analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The effect of varied dosages (1-5 g) of cow dung and sawdust on the immobilization of the selected metals was investigated, and results were compared with disodium hydrogen phosphate (DSHP) amendments. A single reagent leaching test was carried out with 0.1 M calcium chloride to determine the bioavailability of metals before and after amendment. RESULTS Before amendment, the amount of bioavailable metal in the soil sample from Oke Afa dumpsite was 57.5 mg/kg, 194 mg/kg and 17.5 mg/kg for copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn), respectively, while in the second soil sample, from Owode Onirin metallic store, the amount of bioavailable Cu, Pb and Zn was observed to be 19.9 mg/kg, 36.4 mg/kg and 11.1 mg/kg, respectively. Up to 73.4% of mobile Zn was immobilized using DSHP, while cow dung and saw dust were effective in the immobilization of Cu and Pb, but not Zn. CONCLUSIONS Cow dung and sawdust reduced the bioavailability of copper and lead, while Zn can be effectively immobilized with the use of DSHP. It was generally observed that the bioavailability of heavy metals decreased with increasing dosage of the amendments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Idera A. Fabunmi
- Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Lagos Nigeria
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Cay S. Enhancement of cadmium uptake by Amaranthus caudatus, an ornamental plant, using tea saponin. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:320. [PMID: 27142816 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5334-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, tea saponin (TS) was extracted from tea camellia seed by microwave-assisted extraction. The potential of TS was compared with ethylenediaminetetracetic acid (EDTA), which is used as a common chemical agent to enhance uptake of cadmium (Cd) by Amaranthus caudatus, an ornamental plant in the natural vegetation of Turkey under pot conditions. The enrichment coefficient (EC) and translocation factor (TF) values were calculated to evaluate the removal efficiency of the TS and EDTA. The results showed that an increase in both TS and EDTA concentration significantly increased Cd uptake by A. caudatus, accumulating Cd in different parts of the plant. Higher EC and TF values obtained from stems, leaves, and inflorescences of A. caudatus showed that this plant might be cultivated and used as a hyperaccumulator in the uptake of Cd from the Cd contaminated soils. Thus, the present technique can efficiently reduce the metal load in the food chain; hence, it could be applied in catchment areas of urban cities where Cd contamination has become an unavoidable factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seydahmet Cay
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Giresun University, 28200, Güre, Giresun, Turkey.
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Wang Q, Liu X, Zhang X, Hou Y, Hu X, Liang X, Chen X. Influence of tea saponin on enhancing accessibility of pyrene and cadmium phytoremediated with Lolium multiflorum in co-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:5705-5711. [PMID: 26581690 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5784-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Tea saponin (TS), a kind of biodegradable surfactant, was chosen to improve the accessible solubilization of pyrene and cadmium (Cd) in co-contaminated soils cultivated Lolium multiflorum. TS obviously improved the accessibility of pyrene and Cd for L. multiflorum to accelerate the process of accumulation and elimination of the pollutants. The chemical forms of Cd was transformed from Fe-Mn oxides and associated to carbonates fractions into exchangeable fractions by adding TS in single Cd and pyrene-Cd contaminated soils. Moreover, the chemical forms of pyrene were transformed from associated fraction into bioaccessible fraction by adding TS in pyrene and pyrene-Cd contaminated soils. In pyrene-Cd contaminated soil, the exchangeable fraction of Cd was hindered in the existence of pyrene, and bioaccessible fraction of pyrene was promoted by the cadmium. Besides, in the process of the pyrene degradation and Cd accumulation, the effect could be improved by the elongation of roots with adding TS, and the microorganism activity was stimulated by TS to accelerate the removal of pollutions. Therefore, Planting L. multiflorum combined with adding TS would be an effective method on the phytoremediation of organics and heavy metals co-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Xinying Zhang
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yunyun Hou
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiaoxin Hu
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xia Liang
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, College of Environment and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
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