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Zhou Y, Wang Y, Yao S, Zhao X, Kong Q, Cui L, Zhang H. Driving mechanisms for the adaptation and degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by native microbiota from seas prone to oil spills. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:135060. [PMID: 38943887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Offshore waters have a high incidence of oil pollution, which poses an elevated risk of ecological damage. The microbial community composition and metabolic mechanisms influenced by petroleum hydrocarbons vary across different marine regions. However, research on metabolic strategies for in-situ petroleum degradation and pollution adaptation remains in its nascent stages. This study combines metagenomic techniques with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The data show that the genera Pseudoalteromonas, Hellea, Lentisphaera, and Polaribacter exhibit significant oil-degradation capacity, and that the exertion of their degradation capacity is correlated with nutrient and oil pollution stimuli. Furthermore, tmoA, badA, phdF, nahAc, and fadA were found to be the key genes involved in the degradation of benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and their intermediates. Key genes (INSR, SLC2A1, and ORC1) regulate microbial adaptation to oil-contaminated seawater, activating oil degradation processes. This process enhances the biological activity of microbial communities and accounts for the geographical variation in their compositional structure. Our results enrich the gene pool for oil pollution adaptation and degradation and provide an application basis for optimizing bioremediation intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiao Zhou
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Shudi Yao
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qiang Kong
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lihua Cui
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Huanxin Zhang
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China.
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2
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Liu H, Wang J, Tao L, Hao Y. Association between DCP levels and kidney stone prevalence in US female adults based on NHANES data. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6457. [PMID: 38499640 PMCID: PMC10948765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Our study aimed to evaluate the correlation between levels of 2,4-DCP(2,4-Dichlorophenol) and 2,5-DCP(2,5-Dichlorophenol) and the prevalence of kidney stones in US female adults. Participants were chosen from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, spanning the years 2007-2016. Dose-response curves were analyzed using logistic regression, subgroup analyses, and other statistical methods to evaluate the relationship between 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP levels and the prevalence of kidney stones. The final study included 3220 participants aged over 20 years, with 252 females reporting a history of kidney stones. After accounting for all interfering variables, we found that every 0.1 ug/ml increase in 2.4-DCP correlated with a 1% rise in kidney stone prevalence (OR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00, 1.01), whereas the same increase in 2.5-DCP was linked to a 27% growth in prevalence (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.01, 1.61). Sensitivity analysis was performed by triangulating 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP levels. The dose-response curves demonstrated a linear positive relationship between 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP levels and the risk of stone development. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between 2,4-DCP and 2,5-DCP levels and the prevalence of kidney stones in US female adults. This association is of clinical significance; however, a direct causal relationship cannot be definitively established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqian Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City (Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University), Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City (Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University), Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Lingsong Tao
- Department of Urology, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu City (Affiliated Wuhu Hospital of East China Normal University), Wuhu, 241000, China
| | - Yunwu Hao
- Department of Urology, Lu'an Hospital Affiliated of Anhui Medical University, Lu'an, 237000, Anhui, China.
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3
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Leon‐Fernandez LF, Dominguez‐Benetton X, Villaseñor Camacho J, Fernandez‐Morales FJ. Coupling the electrocatalytic dechlorination of 2,4-D with electroactive microbial anodes. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 15:512-529. [PMID: 37482917 PMCID: PMC10667633 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
This work proves the feasibility of dechlorinating 2,4-D, a customary commercial herbicide, using cathodic electrocatalysis driven by the anodic microbial electrooxidation of sodium acetate. A set of microbial electrochemical systems (MES) were run under two different operating modes, namely microbial fuel cell (MFC) mode, with an external resistance of 120 Ω, or microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) mode, by supplying external voltage (0.6 V) for promoting the (bio)electrochemical reactions taking place. When operating the MES as an MFC, 32% dechlorination was obtained after 72 h of treatment, which was further enhanced by working under MEC mode and achieving a 79% dechlorination. In addition, the biodegradability (expressed as the ratio BOD/COD) of the synthetic polluted wastewater was tested prior and after the MES treatment, which was improved from negative values (corresponding to toxic effluents) up to 0.135 in the MFC and 0.453 in the MEC. Our MES approach proves to be a favourable option from the point of view of energy consumption. Running the system under MFC mode allowed to co-generate energy along the dechlorination process (-0.0120 kWh mol-1 ), even though low removal rates were attained. The energy input under MEC operation was 1.03 kWh mol-1 -a competitive value compared to previous works reported in the literature for (non-biological) electrochemical reactors for 2,4-D electrodechlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis F. Leon‐Fernandez
- Chemical Engineering Department, ITQUIMAUniversity of Castilla‐La ManchaCiudad RealSpain
- Separation and Conversion TechnologiesFlemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO)MolBelgium
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4
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Wang S, Wu L, Wang Z, Du H, Zhu J, Li Y, Cai M, Wang X. Occurrence, vertical distribution and transport of organic amine pesticides in the seawater from the East China Sea and the South China Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 860:160487. [PMID: 36436656 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic amine pesticides (OAPs) are widely used as insecticides, fungicides and herbicides in agricultural production. China is a large agricultural country, and the sprayed pesticides may impact the fragile marine environment through surface runoff. This study revealed the pollution characteristics of thirty-three OAPs in the East China Sea (ECS) and the South China Sea (SCS) and investigated their vertical variations in water columns. The ∑OAPs ranged from below method detection limits to 3.4 ng/ L, with an average value of 0.93 ng/ L. Diphenylamine and beflubutamid were the two most abundant compounds, contributing 64 % and 14 % of the ∑OAPs, respectively. The ∑OAPs in the ECS were significantly (M-W U test, p < 0.01) higher than that in the SCS, and OAPs exhibited different composition profiles. Diphenylamine was the most abundant compound in the ECS, while beflubutamid was dominant in the SCS, which may be related to industrial production (such as rubber synthesis) and agricultural activities. In the water columns, OAPs concentrations were higher in deep layers compared to that in surface seawater, which may be due to weak light and low temperature reducing the degradation of pesticides, indicating the deep ocean is a sink for OAPs. Under the dilution of seawater, the concentrations of OAPs decreased from the Pearl River Estuary to the open sea, and the South China Sea Warm Current also caused the decrease of OAPs from south to north. A preliminary risk assessment indicated that OAPs in the water pose no significant risk to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siquan Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Libo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zijuan Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Huihong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jincai Zhu
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China; China School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yongyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Minghong Cai
- Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai 200136, China; China School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Wang C, Feng L, Thakuri B, Chakraborty A. Ecological risk assessment of organochlorine pesticide mixture in South China Sea and East China Sea under the effects of seasonal changes and phase-partitioning. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114329. [PMID: 36356345 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), chlorinated hydrocarbon derivatives extensively used in agriculture and chemical industry, have been banned for several decades in most developed countries. However, OCPs act as persistent organic pollutants due to their semi-volatility nature, high ability for wide range transportation and faster bioaccumulation, and thus it has remained as a topical global concern. This study focuses on OCP distributions, sources and associated ecological risks in the globally important OCP source-sink regions of South China Sea (SCS) and East China Sea (ECS). Given the co-exposure of multiple OCPs that undermine the classical risk assessment of single OCP species, a two-tier mixture risk assessment approach has been employed with explicit consideration of seasonal changes and phase-partitioning effects. The results indicate existence of multiple sources varied across the seasons and between the dissolved and particulate phases. Potential sources include the current-use of lindane or historical use of technical HCH, input of technical DDTs, long-range atmospheric transport, and deposition of HCB from land surfaces. There are no wide high-risk zones. Dissolved HCB and DDTs have posed low-to-medium levels of risks broadly distributed across the seasons. Relatively greater risks are observed in summer in the both dissolved and particulate phases. The study has shown the importance of considering mixture risk assessments with the effects of phase-partitioning and seasonal changes for efficient oceanic risk management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Wang
- School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, PR China.
| | - Lan Feng
- National-Provincial Joint Engineering Research Center of Electromechanical Product Packaging, College of Civil Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Bikash Thakuri
- Department of Mathematics, School of Physical Sciences, Sikkim University, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India
| | - Amit Chakraborty
- Department of Mathematics, School of Physical Sciences, Sikkim University, Gangtok 737102, Sikkim, India.
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6
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Wang S, Ding G, Liu Y, Dou Z, Chen H, Ya M, Lin X, Li Q, Li Y, Wang X. Legacy and emerging persistent organic pollutants in the marginal seas of China: Occurrence and phase partitioning. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 827:154274. [PMID: 35247411 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Emerging per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) and traditional organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the marginal seas of China were analyzed to study the occurrence, transport and phase partitioning. The influence of organic carbon (OC) and element carbon (EC) on particulate emerging pollutants in seawater was studied for the first time. The concentrations of PFASs, OCPs and PAHs in the seawater (dissolved phase plus particulate phase) ranged from 1.4 to 8.6, 0.76 to 4.3 and 8.4 to 130 ng L-1, respectively. Pollutants in the northern East China Sea were generally higher than that in the southern East China Sea and South China Sea, which may be attribute to river discharges and land sources in the Yangtze River Delta. The Yellow Sea Coastal Current and Yangtze River Dilute Water drove the transport of contaminants from north to south marginal seas. Positive correlations between EC and PAHs were found, which can be explained by co-emission of them during combustion. Moreover, positive correlations between OC, EC and Log Kd for BkF, BeP, HCB, 6:2 FTSA were found, which demonstrated that OC and EC promoted the partitioning of these high oleophilic compounds to suspended particle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment &Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Guanghui Ding
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Yihao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment &Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhiyuan Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment &Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hanzhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment &Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Miaolei Ya
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment &Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaoping Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment &Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment &Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yongyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment &Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of the Environment &Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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7
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Modelling the cathodic reduction of 2,4-dichlorophenol in a microbial fuel cell. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:771-782. [PMID: 35138451 PMCID: PMC8948123 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a simplified mathematical model able to predict the performance of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for the cathodic dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) operating at different cathode pH values (7.0 and 5.0). Experimental data from previous work were utilized for the fitting of the model. The MFC modelled consisted of two chambers (bioanode and abiotic cathode), wherein the catholyte contained 300 mg L−1 of 2,4-DCP and the anolyte 1000 mg L−1 of sodium acetate. The model considered two mixed microbial populations in the anode compartment using sodium acetate as the carbon source for growth and maintenance: electrogenic and non-electrogenic biomass. 2,4-DCP, its intermediates of the reductive process (2-chlorophenol, 2-CP and 4-chlorophenol, 4-CP) and protons were considered in the model as electron acceptors in the electrogenic mechanism. The global process rate was assumed to be controlled by the biological mechanisms and modelled using multiplicative Monod-type equations. The formulation of a set of differential equations allowed to describe the simultaneous evolution of every component: concentration of sodium acetate in the anodic compartment; and concentration of 2,4-DCP, 2-CP, 4-CP, phenol and chloride in the cathode chamber. Current production and coulombic efficiencies were also estimated from the fitting. It was observed that most of the organic substrate was used by non-electrogenic mechanism. The influence of the Monod parameters was more important than the influence of the biomass yield coefficients. Finally, the model was employed to simulate different scenarios under distinct experimental conditions.
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Fathy MA, Kamel AH, Hassan SSM. Novel magnetic nickel ferrite nanoparticles modified with poly(aniline- co-o-toluidine) for the removal of hazardous 2,4-dichlorophenol pollutant from aqueous solutions. RSC Adv 2022; 12:7433-7445. [PMID: 35424706 PMCID: PMC8982154 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00034b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorinated organic and phenolic compounds are still purely studied by many researchers because of their severe damage to the aquatic environment and their carcinogenic effect on many living organisms. Therefore, there is a great interest in removing these environmental pollutants from aqueous mediums by easy and inexpensive methods. Herein, novel nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nano composite modified with poly(aniline-co-o-toluidine) (PAOT) is prepared, characterized, and used for the removal of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) as an organic chlorinated environmental pollutant. The morphological properties of the composite are characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) methods. The prepared composite is tested for the removal of the hazardous dichlorophenol pollutant from aqueous solutions. Under optimized conditions and with effective control of parameters including, contact time, pH of the test solution, adsorbent dose, and temperature, over 83% of the pollutant is adsorbed and removed. The adsorption capacity is 162 mg g−1. Adsorption kinetics, adsorption isotherm and some physicochemical parameters of the reaction are evaluated. The Redlich–Peterson isothermal model is the appropriate model for describing the adsorption process. These results indicate that NiFe2O4/PAOT nanocomposites are promising adsorbents for the removal of persistent organic pollutants (e.g., DCP) from aqueous solutions. The results also reveal that modification of NiFe2O4 particles with poly(aniline-co-o-toluidine) (PAOT) significantly enhances the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. This is probably due to the electrostatic attraction and non-covalent interactions (e.g. π–π) between the aromatic rings in both dichlorophenol and poly(aniline-co-o-toluidine) copolymer. Advantages offered by using NiFe2O4/PAOT nanocomposites are the high stability, reasonable efficiency, reusability for at least five adsorption–desorption cycles and the ability to remove the adsorbent from aqueous solutions for reuse using an external magnetic field. Chlorinated organic and phenolic compounds are still purely studied by many researchers because of their severe damage to the aquatic environment and their carcinogenic effect on many living organisms.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ayman H. Kamel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Sakhir 32038, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Saad S. M. Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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Dasgupta S, Peng X, Xu H, Ta K, Chen S, Li J, Du M. Deep seafloor plastics as the source and sink of organic pollutants in the northern South China Sea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 765:144228. [PMID: 33412380 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Large plastic litter (as opposed to microplastics and plastic pellets) could adsorb organic pollutants and thus pose a serious threat to the marine environment. We report high levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) adsorbed to plastic litter sampled from depths of 1800-3100 m in the Xisha Trough region of the northern South China Sea (NSCS). ∑PCBs on plastics ranged from 126.9-142.1 ng/g, with tri-PCBs accounting for 92-97% of the total PCB concentrations in all samples. Levels of ∑OCPs varied from 4280 to 5351 ng/g (average 4690 ng/g), with a total of 19 compounds detected in the seven samples. While no parent DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) was detected, op'-DDE (metabolite of DDT) was most abundant, with concentrations ranging from 947.5-1551.7 ng/g. ∑CHLs (heptachlor + heptachlor epoxide A + heptachlor epoxide B + cis-chlordane + trans-chlordane) ranged from 1083.1-1263.7 ng/g (mean 1153 ng/g) and accounted for 24% of ∑OCPs. Various compositional ratios of HCH (hexachlorocyclohexane) and DDT metabolites improved our understanding of the sources and transport pathways of OCPs. The total absence of DDT may be a "ghost indicator" of no recent DDT inputs into the oceans. There could well be inputs of DDT, but only as the degraded metabolites DDE and DDD when they are adsorbed to seafloor plastic litter. A comparison of HCH isomer ratios in seafloor plastics with technical HCH ratios revealed that HCHs were possibly not from early residues but from later inputs. An ecological risk assessment of the contaminants indicated a high risk from ∑DDTs, p,p-DDE, and γ-HCH in all the sampled locations. Finally, we propose a descriptive model depicting the movements and transportation of PCBs and OCPs from the ocean surface to seafloor plastics in the NSCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamik Dasgupta
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - Xiaotong Peng
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Sanya, Hainan 572000, China.
| | - Hengchao Xu
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - Kaiwen Ta
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - Shun Chen
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Sanya, Hainan 572000, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Jiwei Li
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
| | - Mengran Du
- Deep Sea Science Division, Institute of Deep Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Sanya, Hainan 572000, China
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10
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Piña-Ortiz A, Ceyca-Contreras JP, Covantes-Rosales CE, Betancourt-Lozano M, Castillo-Guerrero JA. Temporal and sex-based variation in organochlorine pesticide levels in the blue-footed booby in two coastal colonies of Sinaloa, Mexico. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 164:112050. [PMID: 33515824 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The temporal, inter-site, and sex-based variation of 19 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in blood plasma samples collected from blue-footed boobies of two islands in Sinaloa, Mexico, was evaluated. The effect of OCPs was evaluated with the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, micronucleated erythrocyte frequency, and scaled mass index. The OCP-group levels decreased as the breeding season progressed, and interannual (but not inter-colony) differences were detected. Intra-annual variation in OCP levels seemed to reflect run-off inputs, although other environmental processes may better explain the variation between years. Sex-based differences in OCP levels were likely related to ecological and physiological processes linked to breeding (e.g., egg-laying and use of lipid reserves). No correlations between OCP-group levels and biomarkers were detected. Small pelagic fishes are the main prey sources of blue-footed boobies and the targets of regional industrial fisheries, and thus blue-footed booby OCP levels could reflect ecosystem health and indicate potential risks for human consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Piña-Ortiz
- Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Estero del Yugo, Mazatlán, Sinaloa CP82100, Mexico.
| | - Juan Pablo Ceyca-Contreras
- Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Estero del Yugo, Mazatlán, Sinaloa CP82100, Mexico; Laboratorio de Ornitología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León CP66450, Mexico.
| | - Carlos Eduardo Covantes-Rosales
- Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Estero del Yugo, Mazatlán, Sinaloa CP82100, Mexico.
| | - Miguel Betancourt-Lozano
- Unidad Mazatlán en Acuicultura y Manejo Ambiental, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Av. Sábalo-Cerritos s/n, Estero del Yugo, Mazatlán, Sinaloa CP82100, Mexico.
| | - José Alfredo Castillo-Guerrero
- Departamento de Estudios para el Desarrollo Sustentable de la Zona Costera, Centro Universitario de la Costa Sur, Universidad de Guadalajara, Gómez Farías 82, San Patricio-Melaque, Municipio de Cihuatlán, Jalisco CP48980, Mexico.
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11
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Zhao Y, Chen YP, Macdonald DW, Li J, Ma QY. Organochlorine compounds pose health risks to the Qinling Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 273:116427. [PMID: 33445128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To assess organochlorine compound (OC) contamination, its possible sources, and adverse health impacts on giant pandas, we collected soil, bamboo, and panda fecal samples from the habitat and research center of the Qinling panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca qinlingensis)-the rarest recognized panda subspecies. The polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) concentrations were comparatively low which suggests that moderate sources of OC pollution currently. OC levels were lower in samples from nature reserve than in those collected from pandas held in captivity, and OC levels within the reserve increased between functional areas in the order: core, buffer and experimental. The distribution patterns, and correlation analyses, combined with congener distributions suggested PCBs and OCPs originated from similar sources, were dispersed by similar processes, being transported through atmosphere and characterized by historical residues. Backward trajectory analyses results, and detected DRINs (aldrin, dieldrin, endrin and isodrin) both suggest long-range atmospheric transport of pollution source. PCBs pose potential cancer risk, and PCB 126 was the most notable toxicant as assessed be the high carcinogenic risk index. We provide data for health risk assessment that can guide the identification of priority congeners, and recommend a long-term monitoring plan. This study proposes an approach to ecotoxicological threats whereby giant pandas may be used as sentinel species for other threatened or endangered mammals. By highlighting the risks of long-distance transmission of pollutants, the study emphasizes the importance of transboundary cooperation to safeguard biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, Xi'an, 710061, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Tubney, Oxon, OX13 5QL, UK
| | - Yi-Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, CAS, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - David W Macdonald
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, Tubney House, Tubney, Oxon, OX13 5QL, UK
| | - Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Qing-Yi Ma
- Shaanxi Wild Animal Research Center, Zhouzhi, Xi'an, 710402, China
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12
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Bio-electrocatalytic dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol. Effect of pH and operational configuration. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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13
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Leon-Fernandez LF, Rodrigo MA, Villaseñor J, Fernandez-Morales FJ. Electrocatalytic dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol in bioelectrochemical systems. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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14
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Sun Y, Chang X, Zhao L, Zhou B, Weng L, Li Y. Comparative study on the pollution status of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and bacterial community diversity and structure between plastic shed and open-field soils from northern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:139620. [PMID: 32563128 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The pollution status of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and microbial community in plastic shed and open-field soils may be different due to the significant variations in environmental factors between the two cultivation modes. However, the differences remain unclear. We conducted a regional-scale survey to investigate the pollution level, distribution, and sources of 20 OCPs, and to evaluate the soil physicochemical properties and bacterial community in soils from plastic shed and open-field locating the north areas of China. We found that levels of total OCPs in the plastic shed soils were significantly higher than those in the nearby open-field soils. Most of these OCPs were attributed to historical application, except for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) due to the fresh input along with dicofol application. Soil pH (for both cultivation modes) and total organic carbon (TOC) content (only for plastic sheds) were significantly correlated with the total OCP concentrations. Additionally, microbial diversity and richness were generally lower in plastic shed soils than in nearby open-field soils for each region. The bacterial community variation among different regions might be principally determined by the soil type. Soil pH had the greatest impact on the microbial community across all plastic shed and open-field samples. These results provide a better understanding of the environmental impact and ecological risk of OCPs in soils with different cultivation modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xingping Chang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Liping Weng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Ya M, Wu Y, Wu S, Li Y, Mu J, Fang C, Yan J, Zhao Y, Qian R, Lin X, Wang X. Impacts of Seasonal Variation on Organochlorine Pesticides in the East China Sea and Northern South China Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:13088-13097. [PMID: 31661968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the characteristics of historic-use organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the marginal seawater of China, we examined the seasonal and spatial distributions of hexachlorobenzene (HCB), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) in the northern South China Sea (NSCS, 18-23° N) and East China Sea (ECS, 26-32° N). Seasonally, in the NSCS, the significantly higher concentrations (p < 0.05) of HCB, HCHs, and DDTs were found in summer, autumn, and summer through autumn, respectively. In the ECS, the higher concentrations were found in summer through winter, autumn, and summer. Spatially, HCB concentrations were significantly higher in the NSCS than in the ECS during all seasons except winter. During all four seasons, concentrations of HCHs were significantly higher in the NSCS than in the ECS. In summer and autumn, concentrations of DDTs were significantly higher in the NSCS than in the ECS, while no significant differences were found in spring and winter. Generally, regional usage, river-influenced coastal plumes, phytoplankton abundances, and ocean currents played crucial roles in the input, transport, degradation, and dilution of OCPs. These dynamic factors along with the seasonally alternating monsoon directly influenced the seasonal and spatial characteristics of OCPs. Furthermore, the profiles and diagnostic ratios of HCHs and DDTs revealed highly weathered OCP residues, attributed to eroded soils carried by surface runoff and long-range oceanic and atmospheric transport.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jingli Mu
- Institute of Oceanography , Minjiang University , Fuzhou 350108 , China
| | - Chao Fang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology , Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources , Xiamen 361005 , China
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Ogbeide O, Uhunamure G, Okundaye F, Ejeomo C. First report on probabilistic risk assessment of pesticide residues in a riverine ecosystem in South-South Nigeria. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:546-561. [PMID: 31151015 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the ecological and human health risk associated with concentrations of legacy organochlorine pesticide residues in Ikpoba River, a major River in the heart of Benin City, a Nigerian urban town located in Edo State. Standard methods were used to collect, extract and analyze samples, while risk assessment was carried out using standard models and indices. Results showed varying pesticide concentrations in both sediment and water samples with α-HCH (0.24 ± 0.11 μg L-l), predominant in water, whereas dieldrin (0.99 ± 0.33 μg kg-l) was the highest concentration in sediment. Compared to the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), this study concentrations of pesticides in sediments were below the values of effect range medium, effect range low, probable effect level and threshold effects level, suggesting low environmental hazard to benthic organisms. However, on exposure to contaminated sediments, probabilistic ecological risk assessment using Monte Carlo techniques showed potential risk to algae, daphnid and fish. Human health risk estimates using dermal and ingestion exposure deterministic and probabilistic routes revealed a potential risk to adults and children exposed to contaminated water and sediment. Estimates for detected pesticides exceeded the threshold level, indicating potential cancer effects for both children and adults who rely on the resources of the river. This study highlights the need for concerted efforts to curb the threat of pesticides and other contaminants in the aquatic environment by all relevant stakeholders in Nigeria and Africa as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozekeke Ogbeide
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of the Free State. (Qwa Qwa campus), Free State, South Africa; Afromountane Research Unit (ARU) University of the Free State. (Qwa Qwa campus), Free State, South Africa; Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology. Faculty of Life Sciences. University of Benin. Benin City, Nigeria.
| | - Grace Uhunamure
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology. Faculty of Life Sciences. University of Benin. Benin City, Nigeria
| | - Fabulous Okundaye
- Department of Environmental Management and Toxicology. Faculty of Life Sciences. University of Benin. Benin City, Nigeria
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Li Q, Lu Y, Wang P, Wang T, Zhang Y, Suriyanarayanan S, Liang R, Baninla Y, Khan K. Distribution, source, and risk of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in urban and rural soils around the Yellow and Bohai Seas, China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 239:233-241. [PMID: 29656247 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Between 1945 and 1983, China was the world's largest producer of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and the second largest producer of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs). The provinces of Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong, and Jiangsu around the Yellow and Bohai Seas have a long history of production and usage of OCPs and PCBs. To investigate their residual concentration, distribution, risk level, and temporal degradation, 7 OCPs and 7 indicator PCBs were determined in surface soils collected around the Yellow and Bohai Seas. Residues of the 7 OCPs and 7 PCBs were in the range of 5.89-179.96 ng g-1 dry weight (dw) and non-detectable (ND)-385.67 ng g-1 dw, respectively. Tianjin and Hebei provinces recorded the highest concentrations of OCPs and PCBs, respectively. Moreover, OCPs residues had a significant relationship with agriculture and orchard land-use types, whereas PCBs residues occurred more in wasteland. Lifetime carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of OCPs and PCBs through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact indicated that OCPs and PCBs residues in surface soils are at a low risk level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yonglong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Pei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Tieyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yueqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | | | - Ruoyu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yvette Baninla
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kifayatullah Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19130, Pakistan
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18
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Ya M, Wu Y, Li Y, Wang X. Transport of terrigenous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons affected by the coastal upwelling in the northwestern coast of South China Sea. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 229:60-68. [PMID: 28577383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Coastal upwelling prevails in the coast of Hainan Island, the northern South China Sea (SCS) during summer. We studied the influences of the upwelling on the horizontal and vertical transport of terrigenous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). PAHs in dissolved and suspended particulate phase of water samples were determined in the upper (depth < 1 m) and water column (depth > 10 m). PAH levels decreased sharply from inshore to offshore to open sea. The results showed that terrestrial input was the main source of coastal PAHs. Perylene, an important indicator of land plant-derived PAH, showed the significant correlation with PAHs (p < 0.005). This implied that fluvial transport was the primary pathway of terrigenous PAHs into the coast of northern SCS. Variations of the concentrations, compositions and diagnostic ratios of PAHs, accompanied the partition equilibrium in the water column, could indicate the selective degradation of PAHs by the plankton affected by upwelling. Different from the "traditional" transport pathway of PAHs in the water column (surface enrichment-depth depletion distribution), the upwelling could provide the original driver to elevate the upward diffusion of sediment entrained contaminants towards the intermediate even the upper waters. It could also enhance the outward diffusion of terrigenous PAHs accompanied by the offshore transport of the upper waters. Therefore, the transport pathway of PAHs can be summarized by the coastal upwelling rising PAHs with their subsequent transport offshore and settling in the adjacent open sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaolei Ya
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yuling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yongyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Bandyopadhyay A, Ghosh D, Pati SK. Trapping and sensing of hazardous insecticides by chemically modified single walled carbon nanotubes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:24059-24066. [PMID: 28835960 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp04980c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of insecticides in agriculture is a common practice all over the world, but they are often known to be harmful towards the human body. This requires attention by experimentalists and theorists alike. In this work, using Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we have demonstrated the efficient trapping of several hazardous insecticide molecules on a carbon nanotube (CNT) surface. Our BOMD simulations suggest that under ambient conditions, though pristine CNTs are quite inefficient, transition metal atom (TM) incorporated nitrogen doped CNTs can trap the hazardous molecules at room temperature efficiently. Thorough investigations exhibit the presence of strong η6 bonding between the aromatic group of the pesticide and the TM adatom of the defective CNT, leading to the trapping of the molecules on the CNT surface. These CNTs are efficient trapping agents even in the presence of water and quite robust for any pesticides with aromatic group(s) in them. Furthermore, interestingly, the charge transfer interactions between the molecules and the defective CNTs lead to molecule specific optical absorption spectra of the composites, effectively developing defective CNTs as a detective optical sensor for pesticide molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkamita Bandyopadhyay
- New Chemistry Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore, Karnataka 560064, India.
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Ya M, Wang X, Wu Y, Li Y, Yan J, Fang C, Zhao Y, Qian R, Lin X. Seasonal Variation of Terrigenous Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons along the Marginal Seas of China: Input, Phase Partitioning, and Ocean-Current Transport. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:9072-9079. [PMID: 28727423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To study the spatial distributions and seasonal differences of concentrations, source identification, and phase partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface water, intensive sampling was carried out along the marginal seas of China in four seasons. In the northern South China Sea (SCS), the highest PAH levels occurred in the summer (July to August) and autumn (October to November). In the East China Sea (ECS) and the Yellow Sea, the highest occurred in the summer (August) and winter (December). In all areas, the lowest PAH levels were found in the spring (May to June). The estimated mass inventory of PAHs in the surface water (0-5 m) of the northern SCS and ECS accounted for less than 8% of PAHs outflow into the offshore environment. That showed the consistent seasonal variation with PAHs levels. Land- and ocean-based emissions, surface runoff, and the open seawater dilution were the most important environmental factors influencing the seasonal heterogeneity and the spatial distributions of PAH in the surface water. The decline of observed organic carbon normalized partition coefficients in the four seasons was probably affected by the presence of submicrometer-sized soot particles accompanying the PAH outflow from China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaolei Ya
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and ‡College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xinhong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and ‡College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yuling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and ‡College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yongyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and ‡College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jingming Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and ‡College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and ‡College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yanyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and ‡College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ranran Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and ‡College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xiaolong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and ‡College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102, China
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