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Varamogianni-Mamatsi D, Nunes MJ, Marques V, Anastasiou TI, Kagiampaki E, Vernadou E, Dailianis T, Kalogerakis N, Branco LC, Rodrigues CMP, Sobral RG, Gaudêncio SP, Mandalakis M. Comparative Chemical Profiling and Antimicrobial/Anticancer Evaluation of Extracts from Farmed versus Wild Agelas oroides and Sarcotragus foetidus Sponges. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:612. [PMID: 38132933 PMCID: PMC10744379 DOI: 10.3390/md21120612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges are highly efficient in removing organic pollutants and their cultivation, adjacent to fish farms, is increasingly considered as a strategy for improving seawater quality. Moreover, these invertebrates produce a plethora of bioactive metabolites, which could translate into an extra profit for the aquaculture sector. Here, we investigated the chemical profile and bioactivity of two Mediterranean species (i.e., Agelas oroides and Sarcotragus foetidus) and we assessed whether cultivated sponges differed substantially from their wild counterparts. Metabolomic analysis of crude sponge extracts revealed species-specific chemical patterns, with A. oroides and S. foetidus dominated by alkaloids and lipids, respectively. More importantly, farmed and wild explants of each species demonstrated similar chemical fingerprints, with the majority of the metabolites showing modest differences on a sponge mass-normalized basis. Furthermore, farmed sponge extracts presented similar or slightly lower antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, compared to the extracts resulting from wild sponges. Anticancer assays against human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT-116) revealed marginally active extracts from both wild and farmed S. foetidus populations. Our study highlights that, besides mitigating organic pollution in fish aquaculture, sponge farming can serve as a valuable resource of biomolecules, with promising potential in pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Varamogianni-Mamatsi
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, 71500 Heraklion Crete, Greece; (D.V.-M.); (T.I.A.); (E.K.); (E.V.); (T.D.)
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Greece;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus Caparica, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Chemistry and Life Sciences Departments, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus Caparica, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria João Nunes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus Caparica, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; (M.J.N.); (L.C.B.)
| | - Vanda Marques
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (V.M.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Thekla I. Anastasiou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, 71500 Heraklion Crete, Greece; (D.V.-M.); (T.I.A.); (E.K.); (E.V.); (T.D.)
| | - Eirini Kagiampaki
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, 71500 Heraklion Crete, Greece; (D.V.-M.); (T.I.A.); (E.K.); (E.V.); (T.D.)
| | - Emmanouela Vernadou
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, 71500 Heraklion Crete, Greece; (D.V.-M.); (T.I.A.); (E.K.); (E.V.); (T.D.)
| | - Thanos Dailianis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, 71500 Heraklion Crete, Greece; (D.V.-M.); (T.I.A.); (E.K.); (E.V.); (T.D.)
| | - Nicolas Kalogerakis
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Greece;
| | - Luís C. Branco
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, Chemistry Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus Caparica, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; (M.J.N.); (L.C.B.)
| | - Cecília M. P. Rodrigues
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; (V.M.); (C.M.P.R.)
| | - Rita G. Sobral
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus Caparica, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Chemistry and Life Sciences Departments, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus Caparica, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Susana P. Gaudêncio
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus Caparica, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal;
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Chemistry and Life Sciences Departments, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University of Lisbon, Campus Caparica, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Manolis Mandalakis
- Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Institute of Marine Biology, Biotechnology and Aquaculture, 71500 Heraklion Crete, Greece; (D.V.-M.); (T.I.A.); (E.K.); (E.V.); (T.D.)
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Bulleri F, Pretti C, Bertolino M, Magri M, Pittaluga GB, Sicurelli D, Tardelli F, Manzini C, Vannini C, Verani M, Federigi I, Zampieri G, De Marchi L. Adding functions to marine infrastructure: Pollutant accumulation, physiological and microbiome changes in sponges attached to floating pontoons inside marinas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 848:157773. [PMID: 35926598 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rate of introduction of man-made habitats in coastal environments is growing at an unprecedented pace, as a consequence of the expansion of urban areas. Floating installations, due to their unique hydrodynamic features, are able to provide great opportunities for enhancing water detoxification through the use of sessile, filtering organisms. We assessed whether the application of sponges to floating pontoons could function as a tool for biomonitoring organic and inorganic pollutants and for improving water quality inside a moderately contaminated marina in the NW Mediterranean. Fragments of two common Mediterranean sponges (Petrosia (Petrosia) ficiformis and Ircinia oros) were fixed to either suspended natural fibre nets beneath a floating pontoon or to metal frames deployed on the sea bottom. We assessed the accumulation of organic and inorganic contaminants in sponge fragments and, in order to provide an insight into their health status, we examined changes in their metabolic and oxidative stress responses and associated microbiomes. Fragments of both sponge species filtered out pollutants from seawater on both support types, but generally showed a better physiological and metabolic status when fixed to nets underneath the pontoon than to bottom frames. P. (P) ficiformis maintained a more efficient metabolism and exhibited a lower physiological stress levels and higher stability of the associated microbiome in comparison with I. oros. Our study suggests that the application of sponges to floating pontoon represents a promising nature-based solution to improve the ecological value of urban environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Bulleri
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Consorzio per il Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata "G. Bacci" (CIBM), Livorno, Italy
| | - Marco Bertolino
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Gianluca Bontà Pittaluga
- Consorzio per il Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata "G. Bacci" (CIBM), Livorno, Italy
| | | | - Federica Tardelli
- Consorzio per il Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata "G. Bacci" (CIBM), Livorno, Italy
| | - Chiara Manzini
- Consorzio per il Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata "G. Bacci" (CIBM), Livorno, Italy
| | | | - Marco Verani
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Lucia De Marchi
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Consorzio per il Centro Interuniversitario di Biologia Marina ed Ecologia Applicata "G. Bacci" (CIBM), Livorno, Italy.
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Bioremediation Capabilities of Hymeniacidon perlevis (Porifera, Demospongiae) in a Land-Based Experimental Fish Farm. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10070874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The expansion of aquaculture practices in coastal areas can alter the balance of microbial communities in nearby marine ecosystems with negative impacts on both farmed and natural species, as well as on human health through their consumption. Among marine filter-feeder invertebrates, poriferans are known as effective microbial bioremediators, even though they are currently still underutilized in association with fish mariculture plants. In this study, we investigate the microbial bioremediation capability of the demosponge Hymeniacidon perlevis in an experimental land-based fish farm where this species occurred consistently in the drainage conduit of the wastewater. Microbiological analyses of cultivable vibrios, total culturable bacteria (37 °C), fecal and total coliforms, and fecal enterococci were carried out on the fish farm wastewater in two sampling periods: autumn and spring. The results showed that H. perlevis is able to filter and remove all the considered bacterial groups from the wastewater, including human potential pathogens, in both sampling periods. This finding sustains the hypothesis of H. perlevis use as a bioremediator in land-based aquaculture plants as well.
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Structural Characterization and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Metallothionein from Oratosquilla oratoria. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072320. [PMID: 35408719 PMCID: PMC9000697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We report here the purification of a novel metal-binding protein from Oratosquilla oratoria (O. oratoria MT-1) by gel and ion-exchange chromatography. SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF analyses demonstrated that isolated O. oratoria MT-1 was of high purity with a molecular weight of 12.4 kDa. The fluorescence response to SBD-F derivatives revealed that O. oratoria MT-1 contained a large number of sulfhydryl groups, which is a general property of metallothioneins. Zn and Cu metal stoichiometries for O. oratoria MT-1 were 3.97:1 and 0.55:1, respectively. The proportion of cysteine (Cys) residues in the amino acid composition was 32.69%, and aromatic amino acids were absent. The peptide sequence coverage with Macrobrachium rosenbergii calmodulin (accession AOA3S8FSK5) was 60%. Infrared spectroscopy of O. oratoria MT-1 revealed two obvious peaks at absorption frequencies for the amide I band and the amide II band. CD spectra revealed that the secondary structure was mainly composed of random coil (57.6%) and β-sheet (39.9%). An evaluation of in vitro antioxidant activity revealed that isolated O. oratoria MT-1 has strong reducing activities, exhibiting scavenging rates for DPPH and OH of 77.8% and 75.8%, respectively (IC50 values 0.57 mg/mL and 1.1 mg/mL). O. oratoria MT-1 may be used as a functional additive in cosmetics, health foods, and medical products, as well as a reference material for quantitative analysis of metallothionein in such products.
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Vad J, Barnhill KA, Kazanidis G, Roberts JM. Human impacts on deep-sea sponge grounds: Applying environmental omics to monitoring. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2021; 89:53-78. [PMID: 34583815 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sponges (Phylum Porifera) are the oldest extant Metazoans. In the deep sea, sponges can occur at high densities forming habitats known as sponge grounds. Sponge grounds can extend over large areas of up to hundreds of km2 and are biodiversity hotspots. However, as human activities, including deep-water hydrocarbon extraction, continue to expand into areas harbouring sponge grounds, understanding how anthropogenic impacts affect sponges and the ecosystem services they provide at multiple biological scales (community, individual and (sub)cellular levels) is key for achieving sustainable management. This chapter (1) provides an update to the chapter of Advances in Marine Biology Volume 79 entitled "Potential Impacts of Offshore Oil and Gas Activities on Deep-Sea Sponges and the Habitats They Form" and (2) discusses the use of omics as a future tool for deep-sea ecosystem monitoring. While metagenomics and (meta)transcriptomics studies have contributed to improve our understanding of sponge biology in recent years, metabolomics analysis has mostly been used to identify natural products. The sponge metabolome, therefore, remains vastly unknown despite the fact that the metabolome is a key link between the genotype and phenotype, giving us a unique new insight to how key components of an ecosystem are functioning. As the fraction of the metabolome released into the seawater, the sponge exometabolome has only just started to be characterised in comparative environmental metabolomic studies. Yet, the sponge exometabolome constitute a unique opportunity for the identification of biomarkers of sponge health as compounds can be measured in seawater, bypassing the need for physical samples which can still be difficult to collect in the deep sea. Within sponge grounds, the characterisation of a shared sponge exometabolome could lead to the identification of biomarkers of ecosystem functioning and overall health. Challenges remain in establishing omics approaches in environmental monitoring but constant technological advances and reduction in costs means these techniques will become widely available in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanne Vad
- Changing Ocean Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
| | - Kelsey Archer Barnhill
- Changing Ocean Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Georgios Kazanidis
- Changing Ocean Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - J Murray Roberts
- Changing Ocean Research Group, School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Roberta P, Elena Maria S, Carmelo I, Fabiano C, Maria Teresa R, Sara I, Antonio S, Roberto F, Giuliana I, Maria Violetta B. Toxicological assessment of CeO 2 nanoparticles on early development of zebrafish. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:570-578. [PMID: 34141171 PMCID: PMC8201551 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials involve an active research and a booming area including different fields (health, environment, electronics, manufacturing, drug delivery). Recently, new concerns are emerging about the risk from increased production and subsequent release into the environment, as they are largely present in consumer products and industrial applications. Our aim was to assess the effects of three different types of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) (type 1 defined "as prepared"; type 2 defined "modified"; type 3 defined "commercial") on zebrafish embryos by Fish Embryo Toxicity test (Z-FET). Immunohistochemical analysis was also performed on treated larvae to evaluate the expression of the following biomarkers: Metallothionein, Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) and 7-Ethoxyresorufin-O-Dietylase (EROD). After 96 h of exposure, there was no lethality, nor were there sub-lethal effects in embryonic development, when compared with the control. No particular positivity was found about Metallothionein and HSP70 expression, while an increased expression of EROD was observed in larvae exposed to the three types of CeO2 NPs compared with the controls. The analyze has confirmed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001) to EROD biomarker between control group and treated larvae response, finding was higher at 1-mg/l concentration. Further investigations in order to solve conflicting views about potential effects of CeO2 NPs are necessary, also to evaluate its effectiveness in different fields as already reported in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pecoraro Roberta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Scalisi Elena Maria
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Iaria Carmelo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Science, University of Messina, via F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - Capparucci Fabiano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmacological and Environmental Science, University of Messina, via F. Stagno D’Alcontres 31, Messina 98166, Italy
| | - Rizza Maria Teresa
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Ignoto Sara
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvaggio Antonio
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Sicily “A. Mirri”, Palermo 90129, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Roberto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Brundo Maria Violetta
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, via Androne 81, 95124 Catania, Italy
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Rosado Rodríguez G, Otero Morales E. Assessment of heavy metal contamination at Tallaboa Bay (Puerto Rico) by marine sponges' bioaccumulation and fungal community composition. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 161:111803. [PMID: 33128981 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The water filtering capacity, and the potential to accumulate contaminants such as heavy metals, make marine sponges suitable candidates for biomonitoring of marine ecosystems. Sponges also harbor a variety of endosymbionts, including fungi, which could be affected by the accumulation of contaminants. This work examined the bioaccumulation factors of heavy metals by sponges from coastal waters from Puerto Rico. Fungal communities associated with marine sponges were assessed to determine if their composition co-varied with heavy metals in sponge tissue. All sponges in our study where found to bioaccumulate arsenic, cadmium and copper. Fungi associated with the sponges showed variations in community composition among localities and sponge species. Our results suggest that sponges, specially Tedania ignis, could be used as a complementary component for biomonitoring of arsenic, cadmium and copper; and that members of the harbored fungal communities could be negatively affected by the accumulation of heavy metals in the sponges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gualberto Rosado Rodríguez
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, P.O. Box 9000, 00681 Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
| | - Ernesto Otero Morales
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus, P.O. Box 9000, 00681 Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.
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8
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Ma Y, Rivera-Ingraham G, Nommick A, Bickmeyer U, Roeder T. Copper and cadmium administration induce toxicity and oxidative stress in the marine flatworm Macrostomum lignano. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2020; 221:105428. [PMID: 32035411 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of coastal regions with different toxicants, including heavy metal ions such as copper and cadmium jeopardize health and survival of organisms exposed to this habitat. To study the effects of high copper and cadmium concentrations in these marine environments, we used the flatworm Macrostomum lignano as a model. This platyhelminth lives in shallow coastal water and is exposed to high concentrations of all toxicants that accumulate in these sea floors. We could show that both, cadmium and copper show toxicity at higher concentrations, with copper being more toxic than cadmium. At concentrations below acute toxicity, a reduced long-term survival was observed for both metal ions. The effects of sublethal doses comprise reduced physical activities, an increase in ROS levels within the worms, and alterations of the mitochondrial biology. Moreover, cell death events were substantially increased in response to sublethal concentrations of both metal ions and stem cell activity was reduced following exposure to higher cadmium concentrations. Finally, the expression of several genes involved in xenobiotic metabolism was substantially altered by this intervention. Taken together, M. lignano has been identified as a suitable model for marine toxicological studies as it allows to quantify several relevant life-history traits as well as of physiological and behavioral read-outs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Ma
- Kiel University, Zoological Institute, Molecular Physiology, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany.
| | - Georgina Rivera-Ingraham
- Laboratoire Environement de Petit Saut, Hydreco-Guyane. BP 823, 97310, Kourou, French Guiana, France.
| | - Aude Nommick
- Institut de Biologie de Dévelopement de Marseille, Marseille, France.
| | - Ulf Bickmeyer
- Alfred-Wegener-Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar- and Marine Research, Biosciences, Ecological Chemistry, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany.
| | - Thomas Roeder
- Kiel University, Zoological Institute, Molecular Physiology, Olshausenstrasse 40, 24098, Kiel, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL, Airway Research Center North), Kiel, Germany.
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9
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Ferrara G, Salvaggio A, Pecoraro R, Scalisi EM, Presti AM, Impellizzeri G, Brundo MV. Toxicity assessment of nano-TiO 2 in Apis mellifera L., 1758: histological and immunohistochemical assays. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 83:332-337. [PMID: 31777117 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) by short-term toxicity tests in Apis mellifera, considered an excellent bioindicator organism mainly due to its sensitivity. Bees have been exposed to several concentrations of TiO2 NPs (1 × 10-3 , 1 × 10-4 , 1 × 10-5 , 1 × 10-6 mg/10 ml) for 10 days. Morphostructural and histological assays were done on gut and honey sac. The research of exposure biomarkers like metallothioneins 1 (MT1) and Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP70) was performed to verify if a detoxification mechanism has been activated in the exposed animals. No histological alteration on the epithelium of the gut and honey sac were observed in exposed samples. A significant positivity for anti-MT1 antibody was observed only in the honey sac cells. A weak positivity for HSP70 was observed in both structures analyzed. In several studies have shown the non-toxicity of TiO2 NPs on other model organisms, in our study, titanium dioxide nanoparticles was proven to be highly toxic at the highest concentration tested (100% of lethality to 1 × 10-3 mg/10 ml) and moderately toxic at lower concentrations. Honey bees proved to be excellent models for study of NPs toxicity and for monitoring environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Ferrara
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Salvaggio
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Sicily "A. Mirri", Catania, Italy
| | - Roberta Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Maria Scalisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Maria Presti
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Maria Violetta Brundo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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10
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Flaccavento A, Pecoraro R, Scalisi EM, Messina G, Salvaggio A, Impellizzeri G, Lombardo BM, Brundo MV. Morphostructural and immunohistochemical study for evaluation of nano‐TiO
2
toxicity in
Armadillo officinalis
Duméril, 1816 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Oniscidea). Microsc Res Tech 2019; 83:297-303. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Flaccavento
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Catania Catania Italy
| | - Roberta Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Catania Catania Italy
| | - Elena Maria Scalisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Catania Catania Italy
| | - Giuseppina Messina
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Catania Catania Italy
| | - Antonio Salvaggio
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Sicily “A. Mirri” Catania Italy
| | | | - Bianca Maria Lombardo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Catania Catania Italy
| | - Maria Violetta Brundo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental ScienceUniversity of Catania Catania Italy
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11
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Salvaggio A, Tiralongo F, Krasakopoulou E, Marmara D, Giovos I, Crupi R, Messina G, Lombardo BM, Marzullo A, Pecoraro R, Scalisi EM, Copat C, Zuccarello P, Ferrante M, Brundo MV. Biomarkers of Exposure to Chemical Contamination in the Commercial Fish Species Lepidopus caudatus (Euphrasen, 1788): A Particular Focus on Plastic Additives. Front Physiol 2019; 10:905. [PMID: 31379607 PMCID: PMC6646597 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the Mediterranean Sea has become an accumulation zone for waste generated by the 22 countries bordering its shores. Although the effects of plastic litter on the marine environment and on organisms have recently been studied in other areas, further information is needed for the Mediterranean Sea and, in particular, about plastics additives inputs and interactions with the biota and the trophic network, such as phthalates and bisphenol A. Plastic material production, use and disposal contribute also to the release of heavy metals into the environment, such as mercury (Hg), often used during the production of chlorine, the primary ingredient in PVC, lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), which are used as stabilizers in PVC and leach out of products during use and disposal. Our research aims to evaluate phthalates, bisphenol A and heavy metals contamination in Lepidopus caudatus (Pisces, Trichiuridae), which could be considered as a potential sentinel species. For the evaluation of toxicological effects, we evaluated the expression of vitellogenin and metallothioneins 1. In all samples analyzed, we have not found microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract but chemical analysis revealed the presence of high content of phthalates, and in particular high quantities of DIDP, DEHP, bis-benzylester phthalate, bis-butyl ester phthalate and mono-N-butyl ester phthalate in different organs. Instead, trace elements detected in tissue revealed a trend of concentrations generally higher in liver and intestine than gill and muscle tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis for anti-metallothionein 1 antibody showed a strong positivity of liver cells, both in females and males. Analysis for the anti-vitellogenin antibody showed in females a strong positivity both in the liver cells and in the gonads, in male specimens was found to be always negative except for a specimen, in which it was highlighted a positivity in some areas of the liver and of the gonad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Salvaggio
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Sicily A. Mirri, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Tiralongo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Dimitra Marmara
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of the Aegean, Mytilene, Greece
| | - Ioannis Giovos
- iSEA, Environmental Organization for the Preservation of the Aquatic Ecosystems Ochi Av., Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Rosalia Crupi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Messina
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Lombardo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Alessandra Marzullo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberta Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Maria Scalisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Copat
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G. F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Pietro Zuccarello
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G. F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G. F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Violetta Brundo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Droutsa A, Emmanouil N, Raptopoulos K, Salvaggio A, Mazzei V, Pecoraro R, Messina G, Copat C, Ferrante M, Brundo MV, Lombardo BM. Trace elements bioaccumulation in Porcellionides pruinosus (Brandt, 1833) and related biomarkers of exposure. Microsc Res Tech 2019; 82:651-657. [PMID: 30637888 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, the increase of anthropogenic activities has led to a progressive pollution of ecosystems. Oniscidean isopods are a group of terrestrial animals known as excellent bio-indicators and bio-accumulators, because of their capacity to accumulate contaminants and to implement appropriate strategies of detoxification. For this study, we collected Porcellionides pruinosus from two different sites in the Corinth region (Greece), a polluted site and a control site, to assess the heavy metal pollution status. We conducted an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis for the detection of trace elements in animals' hepatopancreas and soil; we performed also immunohistochemistry for detection of metallothioneins 1 (MT1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70s). The results suggest a great capacity of the species in trace elements bioaccumulation and the high degree of pollution of the area near Agioi Theodoroi where the metal pollution index (MPI) is threefolds higher than the control site, due to the presence of significantly higher concentration of arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, and lead found in hepatopancreas and soil. The environmental stress is confirmed by the expression of the relative biomarkers of exposure MT1 and HSP70. Our study, with a multimarker approach, consents getting a complete analysis of environmental quality and the effect of pollution on organisms and shows for the first time the heavy metals contamination status in certain Greece area. Furthermore, P. pruinosus proved to be an appropriate indicator of pollution in terrestrial ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Droutsa
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Emmanouil
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Raptopoulos
- Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonio Salvaggio
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Sicily "A. Mirri", Catania, Italy
| | - Veronica Mazzei
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberta Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Messina
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Copat
- Department "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Maria Violetta Brundo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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13
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Salvaggio A, Antoci F, Messina A, Ferrante M, Copat C, Ruberto C, Scalisi EM, Pecoraro R, Brundo MV. Teratogenic effects of the neonicotinoid thiacloprid on chick embryos (Gallus gallus domesticus). Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:812-820. [PMID: 29932992 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Thiacloprid is an insecticide belonging to the family of neonicotinoids, substances initially underestimated for their potential adverse effects, that they may manifest in the long term leading to an extensive use. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect at increasing concentrations of thiacloprid on chick embryos development. The research was carried out on 75 fertile eggs of Gallus gallus domesticus. The eggs were opened after 10, 15 and 20 days of incubation and in treated embryos were observed developmental alterations, growth retardation, limbs defects and ectopia viscerale. The histological analysis showed hepatic steatosis and haemorrhages both in the liver and in the lungs. Moreover, the immunohistochemical analysis performed on the liver sections showed a strong positivity only for the erythrocytes to the anti-CYP1A antibody. Thiacloprid exposure increases the risks of teratogenic effects especially at the higher doses tested, therefore its use should be more controlled and limited. Since the literature on the topic is lacking, then the human health impacts resulting from neonicotinoids exposure is not yet fully understood, and, our data will be helpful to allow the assessment of an oral reference dose and health risk characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Copat
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Italy
| | - Claudia Ruberto
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Elena Maria Scalisi
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Roberta Pecoraro
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Violetta Brundo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Science, University of Catania, Italy.
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14
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Copat C, Grasso A, Fiore M, Cristaldi A, Zuccarello P, Signorelli SS, Conti GO, Ferrante M. Trace elements in seafood from the Mediterranean sea: An exposure risk assessment. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 115:13-19. [PMID: 29510219 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Revised: 02/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fish and shellfish belonging to five different species among pelagic, benthonic and molluscs, were collected from the Gulf of Catania in 2017 to evaluate arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), selenium (Se) vanadium (V) and zinc (Zn). Risk of developing chronic systemic effects derived from seafood consumption was evaluated with the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and compared with the results obtained from the same area and the species, collected in 2012. Hg, Cd and Pb concentrations were found below the limits set by European Community for human consumption in all the analysed species. The total risk is reduced from 1.1 to 0.49, and this result is strongly associated with the lower bioaccumulations levels found for Hg, Mn, Se and V. Others metals such as As, Pb, Ni and Zn bioaccumulation levels remain approximately the same, conversely, it is revealed a slight increase of Cd and Cr. Overall, the present study show a positive picture of the studied area, the Gulf of Catania, highlighting not only a decreased metal availability of the study area, but, above all, a decreased risk to develop chronic systemic effects derived from consumption of local seafood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Copat
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G. F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy.
| | - Alfina Grasso
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G. F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Fiore
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G. F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Cristaldi
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G. F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Pietro Zuccarello
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G. F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Santo Signorelli
- Departments of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia, 87, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G. F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical, Surgery Sciences and Advanced Technologies, G. F. Ingrassia, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 87, 95123, Catania, Italy
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