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Liu W, Gao J, Hao N, Li J, Pei J, Zou D, Yang S, Yin Y, Yang X, Mu P, Zhang L. Effects of miR-204-5p and Target Gene EphB2 on Cognitive Impairment Induced by Aluminum Exposure in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:3740-3749. [PMID: 37985568 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03961-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum is a common environmental neurotoxin. Aluminum ions can cross the blood-brain barrier and accumulate in different brain regions, damage brain tissue, and cause cognitive impairment, but the molecular mechanism of aluminum neurotoxicity is not precise. This study investigated the effects of miR-204-5p, target gene EphB2, and downstream signaling pathway NMDAR-ERK-CREB-Arc on cognitive dysfunction induced by aluminum exposure. The results showed that the learning and memory of the rats were impaired in behavior. The accumulation of aluminum in the hippocampus resulted in the damage of nerve cell morphology in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. The expression level of miR-204-5p was increased, and the mRNA and protein expressions of EphB2, NMDAR2B, ERK1/2, CREB, and Arc were decreased. The results indicated that the mechanism of impaired learning and memory induced by aluminum exposure might promote the expression of miR-204-5P and further inhibit the expression of the target gene EphB2 and its downstream signaling pathway NMDAR-ERK-CREB-Arc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning Province 110034, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Gao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning Province 110034, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Niping Hao
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning Province 110034, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Shenyang Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110034, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Pei
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning Province 110034, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Danfeng Zou
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning Province 110034, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning Province 110034, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhua Yin
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning Province 110034, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning Province 110034, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Mu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110034, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Liaoning Province 110034, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
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Thawkar BS, Kaur G. Betanin combined with virgin coconut oil inhibits neuroinflammation in aluminum chloride-induced toxicity in rats by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome. J Tradit Complement Med 2024; 14:287-299. [PMID: 38707915 PMCID: PMC11068997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Activating NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) is crucial in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). A multimodal treatment intervention is the most feasible way to alter the course of AD progression. Hence, the current study was conducted to study the combination of betanin (BET) and virgin coconut oil (VCO) on NLRP3 regulation in aluminum chloride-induced AD in Wistar rats. Experimental procedure BET (100,200 mg/kg) and VCO (1, 5 g/kg) alone and in combination (BET 100 mg/kg + VCO 1 g/kg and BET 200 mg/kg + VCO 5 g/kg) were given orally for 42 days. On day 21 and 42nd, the behavioral test was performed to check the animal's cognition. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, oxidative stress markers, estimation of NLRP3 and IL-1β, and histological examinations were conducted in the hippocampus (H) and cortex (C). Results and conclusion Treatment with BET and VCO alone or combined improved behavioral characteristics (MWM and PA p < 0.0001; EPM p = 0.5184), inhibited AChE activity (C, p = 0.0101; H, p < 0.0001), and lowered oxidative stress in the brain. Also, combination treatment restored the levels of NLRP3 (C, p = 0.0062; H, p < 0.0001) and IL1β (C, p = 0.0005; H, p = 0.0098). The combination treatment significantly reduced the degree of neuronal degeneration, amyloid deposition, and necrosis in the brain tissue. The current study revealed that the combination strategy effectively controlled neuroinflammation via modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, paving the way for the new treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baban S. Thawkar
- Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, SPP School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V.L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
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Rai R, Ahmad Z, Jain SK, Jat D, Mishra SK. Naringenin suppresses aluminum-induced experimental hepato-nephrotoxicity in mice through modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. Toxicol Res 2024; 40:97-110. [PMID: 38223678 PMCID: PMC10786781 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00209-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aluminum is a widely used metal substance in daily life activities that has been shown to cause severe hepato-nephrotoxicity with long-term exposure. Natural dietary flavonoids are being utilized as a newer pharmaceutical approach against various acute and chronic diseases. Naringenin (NAR) has shown efficient therapeutic properties, including effects against metal toxicities. However, the protective efficacy of NAR on aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced hepato-renal toxicity needs investigation as aluminum has shown serious environmental toxicity and bioaccumulation behavior. In this study, mice were treated with AlCl3 (10 mg/kg b.w./day) to assess toxicities, and a group of mice were co-treated with NAR (10 mg/kg b.w./day) to assess the protective effects of NAR against hepato-nephrotoxicity. The levels of blood serum enzymes, oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory cytokines, and the apoptosis marker caspase-3 were measured using histological examinations. NAR treatment in AlCl3-treated mice resulted in maintained levels of liver and kidney function enzymes and lipid profiles. NAR treatment attenuated oxidative stress by regulating the levels of nitric oxide, advance oxidation of protein products, protein carbonylation, and lipid peroxidation. NAR also replenished reduced antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and reduced the levels of glutathione and oxidized glutathione. NAR regulated the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) and elevated the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ). The histological study further confirmed the protective effects of NAR against AlCl3-induced hepato-renal alterations. NAR decreased the expression of caspase-3 as a mechanism of protective effects against apoptotic damage in the liver and kidney of AlCl3-treated mice. In summary, this study demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of NAR, leading to the suppression of AlCl3-triggered hepato-renal apoptosis and histological alterations. The results suggest that aluminum toxicity needs to be monitored in daily life usage, and supplementation of the natural dietary flavonoid naringenin may help maintain liver and kidney health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravina Rai
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003 M.P India
| | - Zaved Ahmad
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003 M.P India
| | - Subodh Kumar Jain
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003 M.P India
| | - Deepali Jat
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Dr. Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, 470003 M.P India
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Zhu Q, Gao Z, Peng J, Liu C, Wang X, Li S, Zhang H. Lycopene Alleviates Chronic Stress-Induced Hippocampal Microglial Pyroptosis by Inhibiting the Cathepsin B/NLRP3 Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20034-20046. [PMID: 38054647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Lycopene (LYC) exerts a strong neuroprotective and antipyroptotic effects. This study explored the effects and mechanisms of LYC on chronic stress-induced hippocampal microglial damage and depression-like behaviors. The caspase-1 inhibitor VX-765 attenuated chronic restrain stress (CRS)-induced hippocampal microglial pyroptosis and depression-like behaviors. Moreover, the alleviation of CRS-induced hippocampal microglial pyroptosis and depression-like behaviors by LYC was associated with the cathepsin B/NLRP3 pathway. In vitro, the caspase-1 inhibitor Z-YVAD-FMK alleviated pyroptosis in highly aggressively proliferating immortalized (HAPI) cells. Additionally, the alleviation of corticosterone-induced HAPI cell damage and pyroptosis by LYC was associated with the cathepsin B/NLRP3 pathway. Furthermore, the cathepsin B agonist pazopanib promoted HAPI cell pyroptosis, whereas LYC inhibited pazopanib-induced pyroptosis via the cathepsin B/NLRP3 pathway. Similarly, Z-YVAD-FMK inhibited pazopanib-induced HAPI cell pyroptosis. These results suggest that LYC alleviates chronic stress-induced hippocampal microglial pyroptosis via the cathepsin B/NLRP3 pathway inhibition. This study provides a new strategy for treating chronic stress encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhicheng Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghui Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Shoujun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, People's Republic of China
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Jabeen K, Rehman K, Akash MSH, Nadeem A, Mir TM. Neuroprotective and Cardiometabolic Role of Vitamin E: Alleviating Neuroinflammation and Metabolic Disturbance Induced by AlCl 3 in Rat Models. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2453. [PMID: 37760893 PMCID: PMC10525157 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and neurodegenerative disorders, such as diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease, share a common pathophysiological link involving insulin resistance (IR), inflammation, and hypertension. Aluminium chloride (AlCl3), a known neurotoxicant, has been associated with neurodegeneration, cognitive impairment, and various organ dysfunctions due to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of metformin and vitamin E against AlCl3-induced neuroinflammation and cardiometabolic disturbances in rat models. Rats were divided into five groups: a normal control group, an AlCl3-treated diseased group without any treatment, and three groups exposed to AlCl3 and subsequently administered with metformin (100 mg/kg/day) alone, vitamin E (150 mg/kg/day) orally alone, or a combination of metformin (100 mg/kg/day) and vitamin E (150 mg/kg/day) for 45 days. We analyzed serum biomarkers and histopathological changes in brain, heart, and pancreatic tissues using H&E and Masson's trichrome staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Electrocardiogram (ECG) patterns were observed for all groups. The AlCl3-treated group showed elevated levels of inflammatory biomarkers, MDA, and disturbances in glycemic and lipid profiles, along with reduced insulin levels. However, treatment with the combination of metformin and vitamin E resulted in significantly reduced glucose, cholesterol, LDL, and TG levels, accompanied by increased insulin and HDL levels compared to the individual treatment groups. Histopathological analyses revealed that combination therapy preserved neuronal structures, muscle cell nuclei, and normal morphology in the brain, heart, and pancreatic tissues. IHC demonstrated reduced amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the combination-treated group compared to the AlCl3-treated group. Moreover, the combination group showed a normal ECG pattern, contrasting the altered pattern observed in the AlCl3-treated group. Overall, our findings suggest that metformin and vitamin E, in combination, possess neuroprotective and cardiometabolic effects, alleviating AlCl3-induced neuroinflammation and metabolic disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Jabeen
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy, Niazi Medical and Dental College, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | | | - Ahmed Nadeem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahir Maqbool Mir
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
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6
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Sanajou S, Erkekoğlu P, Şahin G, Baydar T. Role of aluminum exposure on Alzheimer's disease and related glycogen synthase kinase pathway. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:510-522. [PMID: 35443844 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2065291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is an environmentally abundant metal that is not essential for life. There is considerable evidence that Al as a neurotoxic xenobiotic may play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Exposure to aluminum has been shown to cause neuronal damage that resembles the symptoms of AD. In this review, we will summarize recent data about Al as the possible risk of incidence of AD. Then glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) contributes to the hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein, the main component of neurofibrillary tangles, one of the hallmarks of AD as one of the mechanisms behind Al neurotoxicity will be covered. Overall, there is still a need for epidemiological studies and more in vivo and in vitro studies to determine the exact mechanisms of its neurotoxicity and the role of GSK3β in both Al toxic effect and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Sanajou
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Via Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Pınar Erkekoğlu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gönül Şahin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Via Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Terken Baydar
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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7
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Erfen Ş, Akbay Çetin E. Therapeutic and Preventive Effects of Piperine and its Combination with Curcumin as a Bioenhancer Against Aluminum-Induced Damage in the Astrocyte Cells. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:2027-2045. [PMID: 36342584 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00600-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Recently, studies conducted with astrocyte cells have drawn attention to neurodegeneration pathologies caused by aluminum exposure. In particular, investigating the potential of herbal therapeutic agents to prevent this effect of aluminum has gained importance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic and preventive effects of piperine, curcumin, and the combination of these compounds on reactive primary astrocyte cells. In order to examine the preventive effect, certain concentrations of compounds were applied to the cells before the aluminum application, and to be able to determine the therapeutic effect, the compounds were examined after the aluminum application. The efficacy of the compounds was analyzed in terms of cell viability, apoptosis, necrosis, and cytokine release. In conclusion, the results of the study showed that the use of different concentrations of piperine, curcumin, and their combination had significantly higher % cell viability on aluminum-induced damage in astrocyte cells compared to the damaged control group. In addition, a decrease in the number of apoptotic and necrotic cells was observed in the same groups, which indicated that piperine increased curcumin activity. The decrease in the amount of IL-6 and TGF-β cytokines also supported that piperine increased the effectiveness of curcumin. Considering all these results, it can be said that in terms of aluminum damage in astrocyte cells, the bioavailability-enhancing property of piperine on curcumin was shown for the first time in the literature. In line with these results, it is inevitable to carry out further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Şebnem Erfen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
| | - Esin Akbay Çetin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
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8
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Effect of Cross-Linking Cations on In Vitro Biocompatibility of Apple Pectin Gel Beads. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314789. [PMID: 36499122 PMCID: PMC9741146 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to compare the in vitro biocompatibility of pectin gels formed by different cross-linking cations. Hydrogel beads named CaPG, ZnPG, FePG, and AlPG were prepared from 4% solutions of apple pectin using ionotropic gelling with CaCl2, ZnCl2, FeCl3, and AlCl3, respectively. Cations influenced the gel strength of the wet gel beads in the following order (least strong) Ca2+ < Zn2+ < Fe3+~Al3+ (most strong). The swelling degree of the CaPG beads after 24 h of incubation in the RPMI-1640 medium was 104%, whereas the ZnPG, FePG, and AlPG beads swelled by 76, 108, and 134%, respectively. The strength of the pectin gel decreased significantly after incubation in the RPMI-1640 medium for 24 h, regardless of the cross-linking cation, although the FePG beads remained the strongest. All the pectin beads adsorbed serum proteins to a low degree, however the serum protein adsorption by the ZnPG and FePG beads (1.46 ± 0.87 and 1.35 ± 0.19 µg/mm2) was more than the CaPG and AlPG beads (0.31 ± 0.36 and 0.44 ± 0.25 µg/mm2). All the pectin beads reduced the production of TNF-α and IL-10 by hPBMCs in response to LPS stimulation. The IL-1β response of cells to LPS was significantly reduced by the CaPG, ZnPG, and FePG beads, whereas the AlPG beads enhanced it twofold. The CaPG, FePG, and AlPG beads had no cytotoxicity. The viability of hPBMCs and human fibroblasts incubated with ZnPG beads was 5.3 and 7.2%, respectively. Thus, the use of different cross-linking cations changed the properties of the pectin gel, which is important for biocompatibility.
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El-Borai NB, Elkhadrawey BA, AbuBakr HO, Anis A, El-Bialy BE, Elsabbagh HS, Abou-Zeid SM. Sesamol protects against aluminum oxide nanoparticles-induced hepatorenal toxicity in rats via modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and DNA damage. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1914-1924. [PMID: 35403826 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2 O3 -NPs) are exceedingly used in various industrial and commercial applications, providing growing concerns about their potential adverse impacts on animals and human health. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the potential protective effect of sesamol (SML) against the induced hepatorenal toxicity of Al2 O3 -NPs. Forty male rats were randomly assigned into four groups and treated orally for 28 consecutive days. Control group received distilled water. SML group received SML (100 mg/kg bw). Al2 O3 -NPs group received Al2 O3 -NPs (100 mg/kg bw). SML + Al2 O3 -NPs group received SML 2 h prior to Al2 O3 -NPs. The results revealed that Al2 O3 -NPs significantly increased serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities and serum urea and creatinine levels. Moreover, Al2 O3 -NPs induced a significant elevation in malondialdehyde level with significant reduction in reduced glutathione content and catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, together with a marked increase of 8-hydroxy-2-desoxyguanosine level in the hepatic and renal tissues. Also, up-regulations of glutathione-S-transferase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and caspase-3 mRNA gene expressions were recorded in the liver and kidneys. Additionally, Al2 O3 -NPs induced multifocal areas of necrosis in hepatic parenchyma with glomerular mesangial cell proliferation and glomerular sclerosis in kidney tissues. Conversely, concomitant treatment with sesamol mitigated Al2 O3 -induced hepatorenal toxicity evidenced by improvement of liver and kidney functions that correlated with regulation of oxidant/antioxidant status, inflammatory, and apoptotic biomarkers and reduction of DNA and tissues damages. In conclusion, sesamol could exert a promising protective role against hepatorenal toxicity of Al2 O3 -NPs, possibly via its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermeen B El-Borai
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Basma A Elkhadrawey
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Huda O AbuBakr
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Anis Anis
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Badr E El-Bialy
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Hesham S Elsabbagh
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M Abou-Zeid
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
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Yu Y, Li Y, Qi K, Xu W, Wei Y. Rosmarinic acid relieves LPS-induced sickness and depressive-like behaviors in mice by activating the BDNF/Nrf2 signaling and autophagy pathway. Behav Brain Res 2022; 433:114006. [PMID: 35843463 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2022.114006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is one of the main causes of sickness and depressive-like behavior. Rosmarinic acid (RA) has been shown to have a significant anti-neuroinflammatory effect. However, the protective effects and the underlying mechanism of RA on sickness and depressive-like behavior under conditions of neuroinflammation are still unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects and the underlying mechanism of RA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice with sickness behavior. The behavioral effects of LPS treatment and RA administration were assessed using behavioral tests including a sucrose preference test and an open field test. The neuroprotective effects of RA in conditions of neuroinflammatory injury were determined by HE staining, Nissl staining, and immunofluorescent staining. Moreover, its underlying mechanism was analyzed by using real-time PCR analysis, western blot, and immunofluorescent analysis. The results indicated that RA dramatically mitigated sickness behaviors and histologic brain damage in mice exposed to LPS. In addition, RA administration markedly promoted the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), the key regulatory proteins for Nrf2 activation (p21 and p62), the downstream antioxidant enzymes (HO-1, NQO1, GCLC), the autophagy-related proteins (LC3II and Beclin1), and mitochondrial respiratory enzyme genes (ME1, IDH1, 6-PGDH), while reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes (CD44, iNOS, TNFα, IL-1β). Moreover, the double-label immunofluorescent analysis revealed that RA increased the fluorescence intensity of LC3 mostly co-localized with neurons and co-expressed with Nrf2. Taken together, our research found that RA could effectively alleviate sickness behaviors and nerve injury caused by neuroinflammation, and its protective effects were mediated by the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which reduced cellular oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial respiratory function damage, and autophagy imbalance. Therefore, RA has the potential to prevent or treat sickness and depressive-like behaviors under conditions of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Ye Li
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Keming Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
| | - Yicong Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China.
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Protective Effects of Low-Dose Alcohol against Acute Stress-Induced Renal Injury in Rats: Involvement of CYP4A/20-HETE and LTB 4/BLT1 Pathways. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:4475968. [PMID: 34691354 PMCID: PMC8528604 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4475968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Low-dose alcohol possesses multiple bioactivities. Accordingly, we investigated the protective effect and related molecular mechanism of low-dose alcohol against acute stress- (AS-) induced renal injury. Herein, exhaustive swimming for 15 min combined with restraint stress for 3 h was performed to establish a rat acute stress model, which was verified by an open field test. Evaluation of renal function (blood creatinine and urea nitrogen), urine test (urine leukocyte esterase and urine occult blood), renal histopathology, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis was performed. The key indicators of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A1/20-hydroxystilbenetetraenoic acid (20-HETE) pathway, cyclooxygenase (COX)/prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) pathway, and leukotriene B4 (LTB4)/leukotriene B4 receptor 1 (BLT1) pathway were measured by real-time PCR and ELISA. We found that low-dose alcohol (0.05 g/kg, i.p.) ameliorated AS-induced renal dysfunction and histological damage. Low-dose alcohol also attenuated AS-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, presenting as reduced malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide formation, increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione activity, and decreased myeloperoxidase, interleukin-6, interleukin-1β, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels (P < 0.05). Moreover, low-dose alcohol alleviated AS-induced apoptosis by downregulating Bax and cleaved caspase 3 protein expression and reduced numbers of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end label-positive cells (P < 0.01). Correlation analysis indicated that 20-HETE was strongly correlated with oxidative stress, while LTB4 was strongly correlated with inflammation. Low-dose alcohol inhibited AS-induced increases in CYP4A1, CYP4A2, CYP4A3, CYP4A8, and BLT1 mRNA levels and LTB4 and 20-HETE content (P < 0.01). Interestingly, low-dose alcohol had no effect on COX1 or COX2 mRNA expression or the concentration of PGE2. Furthermore, low-dose alcohol reduced calcium-independent phospholipase A2 mRNA expression, but did not affect secreted phospholipase A2 or cytosolic phospholipase A2 mRNA expression. Together, these results indicate that low-dose alcohol ameliorated AS-induced renal injury by inhibiting CYP4A/20-HETE and LTB4/BLT1 pathways, but not the COX/PGE2 pathway.
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Abou-Zeid SM, Elkhadrawey BA, Anis A, AbuBakr HO, El-Bialy BE, Elsabbagh HS, El-Borai NB. Neuroprotective effect of sesamol against aluminum nanoparticle-induced toxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:53767-53780. [PMID: 34037932 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14587-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alumina nanoparticles (ALNPs) are widely used causing neurobehavioral impairment in intoxicated animals and humans. Sesamol (SML) emerged as a natural phytochemical with potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, no study has directly tested the potential of SML to protect against AlNP-induced detrimental effects on the brain. AlNPs (100 mg/kg) were orally administered to rats by gavage with or without oral sesamol (100 mg/kg) for 28 days. In AlNP-intoxicated group, the brain AChE activity was elevated. The concentrations of MDA and 8-OHdG were increased suggesting lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage. GSH depletion with inhibited activities of CAT and SOD were demonstrated. Serum levels of IL-1β and IL-6 were elevated. The expressions of GST, TNF-α, and caspase-3 genes in the brain were upregulated. Histopathologically, AlNPs induced hemorrhages, edema, neuronal necrosis, and/or apoptosis in medulla oblongata. The cerebellum showed loss of Purkinje cells, and the cerebrum showed perivascular edema, neuronal degeneration, necrosis, and neuronal apoptosis. However, concomitant administration of SML with AlNPs significantly ameliorated the toxic effects on the brain, reflecting antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of SML. Considering these results, sesamol could be a promising phytochemical with neuroprotective activity against AlNP-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimaa M Abou-Zeid
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt.
| | - Basma A Elkhadrawey
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt
| | - Anis Anis
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt
| | - Huda O AbuBakr
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Badr E El-Bialy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt
| | - Hesham S Elsabbagh
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt
| | - Nermeen B El-Borai
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat, 32897, Egypt
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Zhang H, Jiao W, Cui H, Sun Q, Fan H. Combined exposure of alumina nanoparticles and chronic stress exacerbates hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis via activating IFN-γ/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway in rats. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 411:125179. [PMID: 33858114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Alumina nanoparticles (AlNPs) exposure causes hippocampal-dependent cognitive dysfunction. However, whether chronic stress exacerbates AlNPs-induced hippocampal lesion and its mechanism remains unclear. This study was aimed to investigate the combined effects and mechanisms of AlNPs and chronic stress on the hippocampal lesion. The behavioral tests demonstrated that combined exposure to AlNPs and chronic restraint stress (CRS) worsened both cognition and depression-like behavior than exposed to AlNPs and CRS alone. Microstructural and ultrastructural observations showed that combined exposure to AlNPs and CRS exacerbated hippocampal damage. Both AlNPs and CRS induced hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis, presenting as iron and glutamate metabolism disorder, GPX4 fluorescence of neurons decrease, LPO and ROS levels increase, and FJB-positive neurons increase. Meanwhile, combined exposure to AlNPs and CRS exacerbated hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis. Mechanism investigation revealed that combined exposure to AlNPs and CRS activated IFN-γ/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway. Furthermore, IFN-γ neutralizing antibody R4-6A2 effectively inhibited the activation of IFN-γ/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway, alleviated hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis and improved cognition ability. ASK1 inhibitor GS-4997 also improved hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis and cognitive dysfunction by inhibiting ASK1/JNK signaling pathway. Together, these results demonstrate that combined exposure to AlNPs and CRS exacerbates hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis via activating IFN-γ/ASK1/JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Wenjing Jiao
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hailin Cui
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Qinghong Sun
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Honggang Fan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Laabbar W, Abbaoui A, Elgot A, Mokni M, Amri M, Masmoudi-Kouki O, Gamrani H. Aluminum induced oxidative stress, astrogliosis and cell death in rat astrocytes, is prevented by curcumin. J Chem Neuroanat 2020; 112:101915. [PMID: 33370573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is recognized potent neurotoxic metal, which causes oxidative stress leading to intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neuronal cell death in various neurodegenerative diseases. Among several medicinal plants with beneficial effects on health, curcumin acts as a multi-functional drug with antioxidant activity. Thus, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of curcumin against aluminum induced-oxidative stress and astrocytes death, in vitro ad in vivo. Incubation of cultured rat astrocytes with two concentrations of Al (37 μM and 150 μM) for 1 h provoked a dose-dependent reduction of the number of living cells as evaluated by Fluorescein diacetate and lactate dehydrogenase assay. Al-treated cells exhibited a reduction of both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activities. Pretreatment of astrocytes with curcumin (81 μM) prevented Al-induced cell death. Regarding in vivo study, rats were exposed acutely during three consecutive days to three different doses of Al (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, i.p injection), together with curcumin treatment (30 mg/kg). For the chronic model, animals were exposed to Al (3 g/l) in drinking water from intrauterine age to 4 months ages, plus curcumin treatment (175 mg/kg). Data showed that both acute and chronic Al intoxication induced an obvious astrogliosis within motor cortex and hippocampus, while, such effects were restored by curcumin. We showed herein that Al was highly toxic, induced astrocytes death. Then, curcumin protected astrocytes against Al-toxicity. The cytoprotective potential of curcumin is initiated by stimulation of endogenous antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Laabbar
- Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Team, Laboratory of Clinical, Experimental and Environmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco; Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif Abbaoui
- Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Team, Laboratory of Clinical, Experimental and Environmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco; Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco
| | - Abdeljalil Elgot
- Epidemiology and Biomedical Sciences Unit, Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat, Morocco
| | - Meherzia Mokni
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Science of Tunis, UR/11ES09 Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Amri
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Science of Tunis, UR/11ES09 Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Olfa Masmoudi-Kouki
- University Tunis El Manar, Faculty of Science of Tunis, UR/11ES09 Laboratory of Functional Neurophysiology and Pathology, 2092 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Halima Gamrani
- Neurosciences, Pharmacology and Environment Team, Laboratory of Clinical, Experimental and Environmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco; Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.
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The Protective Effects of Melatonin on Aluminum-Induced Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity in Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7375136. [PMID: 33133350 PMCID: PMC7591973 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7375136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is a ubiquitous element with known toxicity for both humans and animals. Herein, we aimed to investigate the potential role of melatonin (MEL) in hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity following aluminum chloride (AlCl3) treatment in rats. Adult male rats were treated with AlCl3 (34 mg/kg bwt) for eight weeks. Exposure to AlCl3 enhanced the serum activities of the liver transaminases (alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase) and increased the level of bilirubin, in addition to the serum kidney function markers urea and creatinine. AlCl3 intoxication boosted oxidative stress, as evidenced by increases in the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) along with simultaneous decreases in the levels of glutathione (GSH), various antioxidant enzymes, and Nrf2 mRNA expression. MEL (5 mg/kg bwt) treatment repressed LPO and NO levels, whereas it augmented GSH content. The activities of the antioxidant enzymes GPx, SOD, CAT, and GR were also restored concomitantly when MEL was administered before AlCl3. MEL also suppressed the apoptotic effect of AlCl3 by enhancing Bcl-2 protein expression in the liver and kidney and decreasing the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Histopathological findings in the liver and kidney tissues confirmed the beneficial effect of MEL against AlCl3 toxicity. These findings indicate that MEL prevents AlCl3 toxicity by enhancing the antioxidant defense system.
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Zhang J, Huang W, Xu F, Cao Z, Jia F, Li Y. Iron Dyshomeostasis Participated in Rat Hippocampus Toxicity Caused by Aluminum Chloride. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 197:580-590. [PMID: 31848921 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-019-02008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) alters iron regulatory factors content and leads to the changes in iron-related proteins causing iron accumulation. But limited evidence ascertains this hypothesis. Therefore, our experiment was conducted and four groups of male Wistar rats were orally administrated of 0, 50, 150, and 450 mg/kg BW/d aluminum chloride (AlCl3) for 90 days by drinking water, respectively. The cognitive function, pathological lesion of hippocampus, oxidative stress, as well as iron-related proteins and iron regulatory factors expression were detected. The results showed that AlCl3 remarkably induced the oxidative stress and pathological lesion in the hippocampus and impaired the learning-memory ability. The contents of Al and iron increased in all AlCl3-exposed groups. Meanwhile, the increased divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) expression enhanced iron import and the decreased ferroportin 1 (Fpn1) expression reduced iron export in AlCl3-exposed groups. The iron accumulated and ferritin heavy chains (Fth) expression decreased in all AlCl3-exposed groups led to an increase in free iron. The study also showed that iron regulatory factor iron regulatory protein 2 (IRP2) was decreased and hepcidin was increased in AlCl3-exposed groups. The results indicated that AlCl3 induces iron dyshomeostasis presenting as iron accumulation, the disordered expression of iron import, export, store, and regulatory proteins in rat hippocampus accompanied with oxidative stress, pathological lesion, and impaired learning-memory ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, NO, China
| | - Wanyue Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, NO, China
| | - Feibo Xu
- Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, NO, China
| | - Fubo Jia
- Liaoning Agricultural College, Yingkou, 115009, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education, Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600, Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, NO, China.
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Aboelwafa HR, El-kott AF, Abd-Ella EM, Yousef HN. The Possible Neuroprotective Effect of Silymarin against Aluminum Chloride-Prompted Alzheimer's-Like Disease in Rats. Brain Sci 2020; 10:E628. [PMID: 32932753 PMCID: PMC7564174 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10090628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a worldwide rapidly growing neurodegenerative disease. Here, we elucidated the neuroprotective effects of silymarin (SM) on the hippocampal tissues of aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced Alzheimer-like disease in rats using biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural approaches. Forty rats were divided into control, SM, AlCl3, and AlCl3 + SM groups. Biochemically, AlCl3 administration resulted in marked elevation in levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) and decrease in levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Moreover, AlCl3 significantly increased tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. Furthermore, myriad histological and ultrastructural alterations were recorded in the hippocampal tissues of AlCl3-treated rats represented as marked degenerative changes of pyramidal neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Additionally, some myelinated nerve fibers exhibited irregular arrangement of their myelin coats, while the others revealed focal degranulation of their myelin sheaths. Severe defects in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) were also recorded. However, co-administration of SM with AlCl3 reversed most of the biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural changes triggered by AlCl3 in rats. The results of the current study indicate that SM can potentially mend most of the previously evoked neuronal damage in the hippocampal tissues of AlCl3-kindled rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa R. Aboelwafa
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
| | - Attalla F. El-kott
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
- Zoology Department, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Eman M. Abd-Ella
- Zoology Department, College of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt;
- Biology Department, College of Science and Art, Al-Baha University, Al-Mandaq 65581, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany N. Yousef
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt;
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Zhang H, Wei M, Sun Q, Yang T, Lu X, Feng X, Song M, Cui L, Fan H. Lycopene ameliorates chronic stress-induced hippocampal injury and subsequent learning and memory dysfunction through inhibiting ROS/JNK signaling pathway in rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 145:111688. [PMID: 32810585 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The natural carotenoid lycopene (LYC) has strong antioxidant and neuroprotective capacities. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of LYC on chronic stress-induced hippocampal lesions and learning and memory dysfunction. Rats were administered LYC and/or chronic restraint stress (CRS) for 21 days. Morris water maze results demonstrated that LYC prevented CRS-induced learning and memory dysfunction. Histopathological staining and transmission electron microscopy observation revealed that LYC ameliorated CRS-induced hippocampal microstructural and ultrastructural damage. Furthermore, LYC alleviated CRS-induced oxidative stress by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities. LYC also improved CRS-induced hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction by recovering mitochondrial membrane potential, and complex I (NADH dehydrogenase) and II (succinate dehydrogenase) activities. Moreover, LYC reduced CRS-induced apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and decreased the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end-labeled positive cells. Additionally, western blot analysis demonstrated that LYC inhibited CRS-induced activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. Correlation analysis indicated that ROS levels, JNK activation, and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway were positively correlated. Further investigation of the underlying mechanisms revealed that the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine inhibited CRS-induced JNK activation. Furthermore, the JNK inhibitor SP600125 relieved CRS-induced hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis via the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway, and learning and memory dysfunction. Together, these results suggest that LYC alleviates hippocampal oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis by inhibiting the ROS/JNK signaling pathway, thereby improving CRS-induced hippocampal injury and learning and memory dysfunction. This study provides a theoretical basis and new therapeutic strategies for the application of LYC to relieve chronic stress encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Mian Wei
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Qinghong Sun
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Tianyuan Yang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Lu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Xiujing Feng
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Miao Song
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Lin Cui
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China
| | - Honggang Fan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
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Zhang H, Wei M, Lu X, Sun Q, Wang C, Zhang J, Fan H. Aluminum trichloride caused hippocampal neural cells death and subsequent depression-like behavior in rats via the activation of IL-1β/JNK signaling pathway. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 715:136942. [PMID: 32007895 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.136942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) is an inorganic pollutant that induces nerve cells apoptosis and necroptosis, thereby causing depression and neurodegenerative diseases. IL-1β/JNK signaling pathway can regulate apoptosis and necroptosis. However, it remains unclear whether IL-1β/JNK signaling pathway is involving in the regulation of Al-induced hippocampal neural cells apoptosis and necroptosis. To investigate the mechanism of Al on neural cells apoptosis and necroptosis, rats were orally exposed to different doses of AlCl3 for 90 days. The open-field test results showed that AlCl3 caused depressive behavior in rats. Histopathological evidence showed that AlCl3 induced hippocampal neural cells apoptosis and necrosis. Moreover, Bax/Bcl-2 mRNA expression ratio, caspase-3 activity and mRNA expression and TUNEL positive rates were upregulated, meanwhile, TNF-α mRNA and protein expression levels, TNFR1, RIP1, RIP3 and MLKL proteins levels were increased, while caspase-8 protein level was decreased in the hippocampus of Al-exposed groups. These results proved that AlCl3 induced hippocampal neural cells apoptosis and necroptosis. Combined with histopathology and correlation analysis, we deduced that hippocampal neural cells were more likely to undergo necroptosis at high doses (450 mg/kg) of AlCl3, while <150 mg/kg AlCl3 tended to induce apoptosis. Finally, AlCl3 increased the proteins level of IL-1β, IL-1RI, IL-1RAcP, JNK and p-JNK, indicating that AlCl3 activated IL-1β/JNK signaling pathway. However, the application of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK and the related genes expression of apoptosis and necroptosis caused by AlCl3. Thus, we concluded that AlCl3 induced hippocampal neural cells death and depression-like behavior in rats by activating IL-1β/JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Mian Wei
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Lu
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Qinghong Sun
- School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Chuqiao Wang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jiuyan Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Honggang Fan
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Li ZG, Shui SF, Han XW, Yan L. NLRP10 ablation protects against ischemia/reperfusion-associated brain injury by suppression of neuroinflammation. Exp Cell Res 2020; 389:111912. [PMID: 32084391 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke leads to neuronal cell death and induces a cascade of inflammatory signals that results in secondary brain damage. Although constant efforts to develop therapeutic strategies and to reveal the molecular mechanism resulting in the physiopathology of this disease, much still remains unclear. Membrane-bound Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytosolic nucleotide binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) are two major families of pattern recognition receptors that initiate pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. In the present study, we explored the role of NLRP10 in regulating inflammatory responses in acute ischemic stroke using the wild type (WT) and NLRP10 knockout (KO) mice by inducing middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO) injuries. The study first showed that NLRP10 was over-expressed in the ischemic penumbra of WT mice. Then, the brain infarct volume was significantly decreased, and the moving activity was improved post-MCAO in mice with NLRP10 knockout. Apoptosis was also alleviated by NLRP10-knockout, as evidenced by the decreased number of TUNEL-staining cells. Further, NLRP10 deficiency attenuated the activation of glia cells in hippocampus of mice with MCAO operation. NLRP10 inhibition ameliorated the levels of inflammatory factors in peripheral blood serum and hippocampus of mice after stroke. The activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)-4/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways was markedly suppressed by NLRP10 ablation in mice after MCAO treatment. Importantly, inflammasome, including NLRP12, ASC and Caspase-1, induced by MCAO in hippocampus of mice was clearly impeded by the loss of NLRP10. The results above were mainly verified in LPS-incubated astrocytes in the absence of NLRP10. Correspondingly, in LPS-treated astrocytes, NLRP10 knockout-reduced inflammation via impairing TLR-4/NF-κB and NLRP12/ASC/Caspase-1 pathways was evidently restored by over-expressing NLRP10. Therefore, the results above indicated an essential role of NLRP10 in regulating ischemic stroke, presenting NLRP10 as a promising target to protect human against stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Guo Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450052, China.
| | - Shao-Feng Shui
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450052, China
| | - Xin-Wei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450052, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450052, China
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Li B, Zhao Y, Song M, Cui H, Feng X, Yang T, Fan HG. Role of c-Myc/chloride intracellular channel 4 pathway in lipopolysaccharide-induced neurodegenerative diseases. Toxicology 2019; 429:152312. [PMID: 31693917 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
LPS-induced neuronal apoptosis leads to neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). However, the mechanisms underlying NDs pathogenesis remains unclear. The apoptotic response to activation of the c-Myc/chloride intracellular channel (CLIC4) pathway is directed through a mitochondrial pathway. In this study, we aimed to explore the c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway in the progression of NDs induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In an in vivo experiment, the results of HE staining, transmission electron microscopic, immunofluorescence microscopy of cleaved caspase-3 and Bax and the increasing expression of apoptotic pathway related proteins in mitochondria showed that LPS (10 mg/kg) administration damaged mitochondrial and induced hippocampal neuron apoptosis. The Western blot and RT-PCR indicated that LPS induced the activation of c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway. Furthermore, in an in vitro experiment, PC12 cells were exposed to LPS to induce cell injuries to mimic the model of NDs. To further confirm the role of the c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway in LPS-induced neuronal apoptosis, the gene knockout of c-Myc and CLIC4 were performed by CRISPR/Cas9. The results of the flow cytometry assay and Annexin V-FITC/PI showed that knocking out c-Myc and CLIC4 significantly reduced cell apoptosis. The results of Western blot and dual immunofluorescence with Cyt c and TOM20 showed that knocking out c-Myc and CLIC4 significantly reduced the expression of mitochondrial apoptosis-related proteins. Our data confirmed that LPS-induced apoptosis is regulated by the activation of c-Myc/CLIC4 pathway. These results support further research mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases and can provide effective pharmacodynamic targets for the clinical development of therapeutic drugs for neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - ManYu Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - HaiLin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - XiuJing Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - TianYuan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China
| | - Hong-Gang Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, PR China.
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23
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Lycopene attenuates aluminum-induced hippocampal lesions by inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated inflammation and apoptosis in the rat. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 193:143-151. [PMID: 30743053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) causes hippocampal lesions by oxidative stress, which is widely accepted as the primary pathogenesis of Al neurotoxicity. Lycopene (LYC), a naturally carotenoid, has received extensive attention due to its antioxidant effect. In this study, the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of LYC against aluminum chloride (AlCl3)-induced hippocampal lesions were explored. First, oral administration of LYC (4 mg/kg) alleviated AlCl3-induced (150 mg/kg) cognition impairment and histopathological changes of the hippocampus in rats. Then, LYC significantly attenuated AlCl3-induced oxidative stress, presenting as the reduced reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels, and increased glutathione level and superoxide dismutase activity. Moreover, LYC also protected the hippocampus from AlCl3-induced apoptosis and neuroinflammation, as assessed by protein levels of p53, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma gene 2 (Bcl-2), Cytochrome c (Cyt c), cleaved caspase-3 and nuclear factor kappa B, as well as the mRNA levels of Bax, Bcl-2, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta. Finally, LYC increased nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation and its downstream gene expression, including heme oxygenase-1, NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1, glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit and superoxide dismutase 1, which were involved in antioxidant, anti-apoptosis, and anti-inflammation. Overall, our findings demonstrate LYC attenuates Al-induced hippocampal lesions by inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated inflammation and apoptosis in the rat.
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Dexmedetomidine protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced early acute kidney injury by inhibiting the iNOS/NO signaling pathway in rats. Nitric Oxide 2019; 85:1-9. [PMID: 30659917 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that dexmedetomidine (DEX) possesses multiple pharmacological actions. Herein, we explored the protective effect and potential molecular mechanism of DEX on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced early acute kidney injury (AKI) from the perspective of antioxidant stress. We found that DEX (30 μg/kg, i.p.) ameliorated the renal dysfunction and histopathological damage (tubular necrosis, vacuolar degeneration, infiltration of inflammatory cells and cast formation) induced by LPS (10 mg/kg). DEX also attenuated renal oxidative stress remarkably in LPS-induced early AKI, as evidenced by reduction in production of reactive nitrogen species, decreasing malondialdehyde levels, as well as increasing superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione content. DEX prevented activator protein-1 translocation, inhibited phosphorylation of I-kappa B (IκB) and activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in LPS-induced early AKI, as assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and protein levels of c-Jun, c-Fos, IκB and NF-κB. Notably, DEX pretreatment had the same effect as intraperitoneal injection of an inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (1400W; 15 mg/kg), and inhibited the activity of renal inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and decreased the expression of iNOS mRNA and NO production. However, the protective effect of DEX on LPS-induced early AKI was reversed by the alpha 2 adrenal receptor (α2-AR) inhibitor atipamezole, whereas the imidazoline receptor inhibitor idazoxan did not. Taken together, DEX protects against LPS-induced early AKI in rats by inhibiting the iNOS/NO signaling pathway, mainly by acting on α2-ARs instead of IRs.
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Yang X, Cao Z, Zhang J, Shao B, Song M, Han Y, Li Y. Dendritic spine loss caused by AlCl 3 is associated with inhibition of the Rac 1/cofilin signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 243:1689-1695. [PMID: 30300874 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.09.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum (Al) has neurotoxicity that can result in cognitive dysfunction. Hippocampal dendritic spine loss is a pathological characteristic of cognitive dysfunction. Our previous study reported that Al exposure caused dendritic spine loss in the hippocampus, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, rats were orally administered 50, 150 or 450 mg/kg of AlCl3 for 90 days. The dendritic spine density of the CA1 and DG regions was detected by Golgi-Cox staining. The F-actin/G-actin ratio, the expression of drebrin A and the components of the Rac 1/cofilin pathway were measured in the hippocampus. The results obtained showed that AlCl3 caused dendritic spine loss and decreased the F-actin/G-actin ratio. In addition, it was found that AlCl3 downregulated the expression of Rac 1, p-PAK, p-LIMK, p-cofilin and drebrin A and upregulated cofilin expression. Altogether, these results demonstrated that Al inactivated the Rac 1/cofilin pathway by inhibiting the phosphorylation of cofilin and the polymerization of F-actin, resulting in dendritic spine loss in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zheng Cao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Miao Song
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Han
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Li B, Feng XJ, Hu XY, Chen YP, Sha JC, Zhang HY, Fan HG. Effect of melatonin on attenuating the isoflurane-induced oxidative damage is related to PKCα/Nrf2 signaling pathway in developing rats. Brain Res Bull 2018; 143:9-18. [PMID: 30278199 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Isoflurane, an inhalational anesthesia, has frequently been used in pediatric anesthesia. However, research indicates that isoflurane can induce oxidative stress and affect neural and cognitive development. Melatonin, an endogenous hormone that exhibits antioxidant functions, can play a neuroprotective role by activating the PKCα/Nrf2 signaling pathway in response to oxidative stress. This study aims to determine whether the effect of melatonin on isoflurane-induced oxidative stress is related to activation of the PKCα/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Rat pups at postnatal day 7 were treated with control or 1.5% isoflurane for 4 h after pretreatment for 15 min with either melatonin (10 mg/kg i.p.) or 1% ethanol. The hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopic examination were used for observation of histopathology. The oxidative stress-related indicators were detected by using assay kits. The western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were used to detect the activation of PKCα/Nrf2 signaling pathway. Results showed that isoflurane induced nerve damage in the hippocampus, and melatonin could reduce this injury. Oxidative stress-related indicators suggested that isoflurane can significantly increase reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde levels, and decrease superoxide dismutase and glutathione activity compared with the control group, whereas melatonin ameliorated these indices. Expression of proteins associated with the PKCα/Nrf2 signaling pathway indicated that the neuroprotective effect of melatonin is related to activation of the PKCα/Nrf2 signaling pathway. These results suggest that the attenuating effect of melatonin on isoflurane-induced oxidative stress is related to activation of the PKCα/Nrf2 signaling pathway. These findings promote further research into underlying mechanisms and effective treatments to attenuate anesthesia neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiu Jing Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Yuan Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yong Ping Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ji Chen Sha
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hua Yun Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Hong-Gang Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
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