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Xia F, Zhao Z, Niu X, Wang Z. Integrated pollution analysis, pollution area identification and source apportionment of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133215. [PMID: 38101021 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Given the global prevalence of soil heavy metal contamination, knowledge concerning of soil environmental quality assessment, pollution area identification and source apportionment is critical for implementation of soil pollution prevention and safe utilization strategies. In this study, soil static environmental capacity (QI) for heavy metals was selected to evaluate pollution risks in agricultural soils of Wenzhou, southeast China. Combined with geostatistical methods, the pollution area was identified along with uncertainty analysis. Potential sources were quantitatively apportioned using a positive matrix factorization model (PMF). Results showed that agricultural soils in this study were mainly contaminated by Cd and Pb based on both Nemerow and QI indices. The environmental capacity assessment found more than 90% areas were identified as polluted soils for Qi-Zn, Qi-Cd and Qi-Pb, with minor uncertain areas. Cu was identified as having a high proportion of uncertain pollution area status, which was similar to the results of the integrated environmental capacity for all metals. PMF results indicated that industrial discharge, agrochemicals and parent material accounted for 32.1%, 32.2% and 35.7% of heavy metal accumulation in soils, respectively. Implementation of strict policies to reduce anthropogenic source emissions and remediate soil pollution are crucial to minimize metal pollution inputs, improve agricultural soil quality and enhance food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Xia
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zefang Zhao
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Xiang Niu
- Shaoxing Academy of Agricultural Science, Shaoxing 312003, China
| | - Zhenfeng Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Watershed Sciences and Health, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Mushtaq Z, Bangotra P, Gautam AS, Sharma M, Suman, Gautam S, Singh K, Kumar Y, Jain P. Satellite or ground-based measurements for air pollutants (PM 2.5, PM 10, SO 2, NO 2, O 3) data and their health hazards: which is most accurate and why? ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:342. [PMID: 38438750 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Air pollution is growing at alarming rates on regional and global levels, with significant consequences for human health, ecosystems, and change in climatic conditions. The present 12 weeks (4 October 2021, to 26 December 2021) study revealed the different ambient air quality parameters, i.e., PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, and O3 over four different sampling stations of Delhi-NCR region (Dwarka, Knowledge park III, Sector 125, and Vivek Vihar), India, by using satellite remote sensing data (MERRA-2, OMI, and Aura Satellite) and different ground-based instruments. The ground-based observation revealed the mean concentration of PM2.5 in Dwarka, Knowledge park III, Sector 125, and Vivek Vihar as 279 µg m-3, 274 µg m-3, 294 µg m-3, and 365 µg m-3, respectively. The ground-based instrumental concentration of PM2.5 was greater than that of satellite observations, while as for SO2 and NO2, the mean concentration of satellite-based monitoring was higher as compared to other contaminants. Negative and positive correlations were observed among particulate matter, trace gases, and various meteorological parameters. The wind direction proved to be one of the prominent parameter to alter the variation of these pollutants. The current study provides a perception into an observable behavior of particulate matter, trace gases, their variation with meteorological parameters, their health hazards, and the gap between the measurements of satellite remote sensing and ground-based measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Mushtaq
- Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, SSBSR, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Pargin Bangotra
- Department of Physics, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Dwarka, New Delhi, 110078, India.
| | - Alok Sagar Gautam
- Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Manish Sharma
- School of Science and Technology, Himgiri Zee University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Suman
- Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, SSBSR, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Sneha Gautam
- Department of Civil Engineering, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641 114, India
- Water Institute, A Centre of Excellence, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore, 641 114, India
| | - Karan Singh
- Department of Physics, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Yogesh Kumar
- Department of Physics, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, North Campus, Malka Ganj, New Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Poonam Jain
- Department of Physics, Sri Aurobindo College, University of Delhi, Malviya Nagar, New Delhi, 110017, India
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Li H, Wang Q, Zhang C, Su W, Ma Y, Zhong Q, Xiao E, Xia F, Zheng G, Xiao T. Geochemical Distribution and Environmental Risks of Radionuclides in Soils and Sediments Runoff of a Uranium Mining Area in South China. TOXICS 2024; 12:95. [PMID: 38276730 PMCID: PMC10820150 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Uranium mining activities have contributed to the distribution and uptake of radionuclides, which have increased the active concentrations of natural radionuclides in environmental media, causing elevated human health risks. The present study aims to assess the spatial distribution characteristics of natural radionuclides in the surface soils and river sediments of the typical granite uranium mining area in South China, as well as investigate the geochemical features of natural radionuclides in the soil and sediments to understand their migration processes. The activity concentrations for 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K ranged from 17-3925 Bq/kg, 50-1180 Bq/kg, 29-459 Bq/kg, and 240-1890 Bq/kg, respectively. The open-pit mining areas and tailings pond locations exhibited the highest concentrations of activity for all these radionuclides. This distribution points to an elevated potential health risk due to radiological exposure in these specific areas. Additionally, the values of radium equivalent activity (Raeq) and annual gonadal dose equivalent (AGDE) in those areas were higher than the limits recommended by ICRP (2021). 238U and 226Ra have a significant correlation (0.724), and the cluster analysis was showing a statistically meaningful cluster below 5 indicated that they have similar behavior during parent rock weathering and watershed erosion, and the distribution of 232Th and 40K were influenced by the addition of rock types. The activity ratios of 226Ra/238U, 226Ra/232Th, 238U/40K, and 226Ra/40K variation indicated that 40K more mobile than 226Ra and 238U, U(VI) was reduced to U(IV) by organic matter in the downstream area and re-entered into the sediment during the sediment surface runoff in the small watershed of the uranium ore open-pit mining area. Therefore, it is necessary to further seal up and repair the tailings landfill area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; (H.L.); (F.X.)
- Research Institute No. 290, China National Nuclear Corporation, Shaoguan 512029, China;
| | - Qiugui Wang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (E.X.); (T.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
| | - Chunyan Zhang
- Disaster Reduction and Disaster Preparedness Center of Jiangxi, Nanchang 330036, China;
| | - Weigang Su
- Key Laboratory of Comprehensive and Highly Efficient Utilization of Salt Lake Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Environment of Salt Lakes, Qinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yujun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China;
| | - Qiangqiang Zhong
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China;
| | - Enzong Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (E.X.); (T.X.)
| | - Fei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; (H.L.); (F.X.)
| | - Guodong Zheng
- Research Institute No. 290, China National Nuclear Corporation, Shaoguan 512029, China;
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (E.X.); (T.X.)
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Chandra K, Proshad R, Dey HC, Idris AM. A review on radionuclide pollution in global soils with environmental and health hazards evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:9245-9266. [PMID: 37578560 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01725-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Human populations are being exposed to a wide spectrum of radiation from soils as a result of the availability of radiation sources. Assessing the ecological and health effects of radionuclides in soils is crucial to support the optimal soil management practices but large-scale studies are limited. This study compiled data on radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 238U, and 137Cs) in soils located across the world (44 countries and 159 places) between 2008 and 2022 and applied radiological hazards indices and several multivariate statistical approaches. The average activity concentration (Bq/kg) of 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 238U, and 137Cs were 408.56, 144.80, 508.78, 532.78, and 83.12, respectively, whereas 226Ra, 232Th, 40K, and 238U exceeded the standard limits. The principal component analysis explained more than 91% of variation in soils. Based on the geoaccumulation index, 40K posed moderately to heavy contamination whereas 238U and 226Ra posed moderate contamination in soils. Moreover, the mean values of radiological hazards evaluation such as radium equivalent activity (487.17 Bq/kg), external radiation hazard indices (1.32), internal hazard indices (2.15), absorbed dose rate (247.86 nGyh-1), annual effective dose rate (1.82 mSvy-1), activity utilization index (4.54) and excess lifetime cancer risk (63.84 × 10-4) were higher than recommended limit suggesting significant radiological risks in study region soils. The findings indicated that the study area soils were contaminated by radionuclides and unsafe for hazards in terms of the health risks linked with studied radioactive contents. The study is valuable for mapping radioactivity across the globe to determine the level of radioactivity hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishno Chandra
- Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hridoy Chandra Dey
- Faculty of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Wang Q, Wang H, Ma Y, Wang J, Su W, Xiao E, Du J, Xiao T, Zhong Q. Geochemical distributions of natural radionuclides in surface soils and sediments impacted by lead-zinc mining activity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 263:115210. [PMID: 37418943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the distribution features of uranium-238 (238U), radium-226 (226Ra), thorium-232 (232Th), and potassium-40 (40K) and evaluated the associated environmental radiological hazards of the topsoil and river sediments in the Jinding lead-zinc (Pb-Zn) mine catchment from Southwest China. The activity concentrations of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K ranged from 24.0 ± 2.29-60.3 ± 5.26 Bq.kg-1, from 32.5 ± 3.95-69.8 ± 3.39 Bq.kg-1, from 15.3 ± 2.24-58.3 ± 4.92 Bq.kg-1, and from 203 ± 10.2-1140 ± 27.4 Bq.kg-1, respectively. The highest activity concentrations for all these radionuclides were primarily found in the mining areas and decreased with increasing distance from the mining sites. The radiological hazard indices, including radium equivalent activity, absorbed gamma dose rate in the air, outdoor annual effective dose equivalent, annual gonadal dose equivalent, and excess lifetime cancer, revealed that the highest values were observed in the mining area and downstream, specifically in the vicinity of the ore body. These elevated values exceeded the global mean value but remained below the threshold value, suggesting that routine protection measures for Pb-Zn miners during production activities are sufficient. The correlation analysis and cluster analysis revealed strong associations between radionuclides such as 238U, 226Ra, and 232Th, indicating a common source of these radionuclides. The activity ratios of 226Ra/238U, 226Ra/232Th, and 238U/40K varied with distance, suggesting the influence of geological processes and lithological composition on their transport and accumulation. In the mining catchment areas, the variations in these activity ratios increased indicated the impact of limestone material dilution on the levels of 232Th, 40K, and 238U in the upstream region. Moreover, the presence of sulfide minerals in the mining soils contributed to the enrichment of 226Ra and the removal of 238U caused those activity ratios decreased in the mining areas. Therefore, in the Jinding PbZn deposit, the patterns of mining activities and surface runoff processes in the catchment area favored the accumulation of 232Th and 226Ra over 40K and 238U. This study provides the first case study on the geochemical distributions of natural radionuclides in a typical Mississippi Valley-type PbZn mining area and offers fundamental information on radionuclide migration and baseline radiometric data for PbZn deposits worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiugui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yujun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation (Ministry of Education), Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China
| | - Jinlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Weigang Su
- Qinghai Earthquake Agency, Xining 810001, China
| | - Enzong Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jinzhou Du
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Tangfu Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Qiangqiang Zhong
- Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Yushin N, Jakhu R, Chaligava O, Grozdov D, Zinicovscaia I. Natural and anthropogenic radionuclides concentration with heavy metals analysis of the sediments collected around Novaya Zemlya. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115346. [PMID: 37536080 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The Dispersal profile of the radioisotopes (226Ra, 232Th, 235U, 40K, 137Cs) along with potentially toxic elements (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Zn, and Hg) in the sediments around the Novaya Zemlya was determined. The task was fulfilled with the aid of HPGe gamma spectrometry, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy, DMA-80 Direct Mercury Analysis System, X-ray diffraction and statistical tools. At most of the locations, the radionuclides activity was higher than the world average activity concentration for the respective nuclei, 40K being the most abundant. From all the potentially toxic elements detected, Cr and Ni were usually observed on higher levels compared to their background values, indicating the probability of the detrimental biological effects. Thus, the present situation at the studied area might be a threat to the neighboring marine life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Yushin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Rajan Jakhu
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, 141980 Dubna, Russia.
| | - Omari Chaligava
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, 141980 Dubna, Russia; Faculty of Informatics and Control Systems, Georgian Technical University, 77 Merab Kostava Street, 0171 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Dmitrii Grozdov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, 141980 Dubna, Russia
| | - Inga Zinicovscaia
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Joliot-Curie 6, 141980 Dubna, Russia; Horia Hulubei National Institute for R&D in Physics and Nuclear Engineering, 30 Reactorului Str., Magurele, Romania
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Liu C, Lan Q, Yan B, Wang J, Wang H, Wu Y, Fu C, Zhong Y, Li C, Li S. Spatio-temporal variation and hazard assessment of potentially toxic metal element contamination in sediments and water before and after a water-level fluctuation cycle in the Three Gorges Reservoir, Wanzhou, China. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:920. [PMID: 37405516 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous investigations on heavy metals in the water-sediment compartment focused on their spatial distribution, and the influence of sediment pH and organic matter (OM) on metal environmental occurrences. However, there are limited studies on the effects of physicochemical properties on the migration and transformation of heavy metals in the water-sediment compartments. This study investigated the relationship between the physicochemical properties of sediments and the distribution and chemical speciation of heavy metals, and the potential environmental risk of heavy metals in water and sediment using Risk Assessment Code (RAC) values and the Tessier five-step extraction method. Adsorption and desorption experiments showed that the sediment had weak adsorption and the strongest desorption capacity for Cd. Results of the pH, OM, surface element content, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns suggested that cadmium (Cd) was more likely to partition into the water phase from the sediment during the flooding and water storage periods. When pH was 7-8 and OM content was 3.6-5.9%, the sediment-water distribution coefficient of Cd was low due to its large ionic radius, and the surface adsorption sites were saturated by other elements. These studies can provide a theoretical basis for the management and pollution control of the Three Gorges Reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing Three Gorges University), Chongqing, 404100, China
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Qiaojuan Lan
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing Three Gorges University), Chongqing, 404100, China
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing Three Gorges University), Chongqing, 404100, China.
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China.
| | - Jueqiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing Three Gorges University), Chongqing, 404100, China
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing Three Gorges University), Chongqing, 404100, China
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China
- Chongqing Landscape and Gardening Research Institute, Chongqing, 401329, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing Three Gorges University), Chongqing, 404100, China.
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Chuan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing Three Gorges University), Chongqing, 404100, China.
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China.
| | - Yinhai Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing Three Gorges University), Chongqing, 404100, China
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing Three Gorges University), Chongqing, 404100, China
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China
| | - Shenglei Li
- Key Laboratory of Water Environment Evolution and Pollution Control in Three Gorges Reservoir (Chongqing Three Gorges University), Chongqing, 404100, China
- College of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China
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Maity S, Sandeep P, Mishra S, Dusane CB, Chaudhary DK, Savitri PP, Sudhakar J, Pillai AS, Kumar AV. Sorption behavior studies of Cs and its migration in soil samples around Visakhapatnam, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:685. [PMID: 37195376 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Meeting the requirement of high specific activity of radioisotopes and carrying out comprehensive research and development activities in the nuclear field, different nuclear facilities, including their waste disposal facilities, are going to be operational at Visakhapatnam, India. Due to environmental processes, the engineered disposal modules may lose their structural integrity and may release some radioactivity to the geo-environment. The subsequent migration of radionuclides reaching the geological environment will be governed by the distribution coefficient (Kd). Cs was chosen for the sorption study in two soil samples (soil-29 and 31) and to estimate the Kd in all the 40 soil samples through the laboratory batch method at the new campus of DAE, Visakhapatnam, India. Different soil chemical parameters like pH, organic matter, CaCO3, and cation exchange capacity were determined in 40 soil samples and their effect on Cs sorption was investigated. The effect of solution pH and initial concentration of Cs on sorption was also studied. The results show that the sorption of Cs increases with increasing pH. The Cs sorption was well explained by Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm models. Site-specific distribution coefficients (Kd) were also estimated and the values were found to vary from 75 ± 1 to 540 ± 12 L kg-1. The observed wide variation in Kd could be due to large variations in the physico-chemical properties of collected soil. The competitive ions effect study suggests that K+ has higher interference for Cs+ sorption as compared to Na+. The present study results will help assess the environmental impact due to Cs release in any unforeseen scenario and in planning effective remediation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanta Maity
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| | - P Sandeep
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - S Mishra
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - C B Dusane
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - D K Chaudhary
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - P Padma Savitri
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - J Sudhakar
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Anilkumar S Pillai
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - A Vinod Kumar
- Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
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Sorption and transport characteristics of europium on sandy soils. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 194:110690. [PMID: 36764222 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Radioactive europium can be released as a fission product during nuclear incidents and pose a threat to the human and surrounding environment because of its biological activity and long decay half-lives. For safe design issues and human health protection demands in construction of the planned nuclear power plants (NPPs) at Al-Dabaa site, it is necessary to study the sorption and transport of different radionuclides as europium within the selected area for predicting their fate at any crisis. Many soil samples were collected from different locations at the area selected along the northwestern coast of Egypt. The samples were transported to the laboratory, preserved, and characterized using X-Ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). Experiments were performed to study the sorption and transport kinetics of Eu(III) ions on two sandy soil samples from the collected ones. The effect of different parameters (e.g. contact time, pH, initial europium concentration, and temperature) on the sorption behavior europium was explored in a static condition. The maximum sorption capacity was determined and found to be 3.4 and 7.0 mg g-1 for sorption of Eu(III) ions onto soil-1 and soil-2, respectively. Different models were applied to assess the sorption of europium onto the surface of the investigated soils. Data confirmed that Eu retention was attained through a chemisorption process. Further, the thermodynamic parameters were determined and their values confirmed the endothermic nature of the sorption process. The transport of europium radionuclides, with groundwater, through homogeneous porous media with uniform one-dimensional flow in the geosphere was processed and the relative migration velocity was determined in presence of both distilled and seawater media. The transport of Eu(III) radionuclides was higher in presence of seawater than that in presence of distilled water by about two order of magnitude. This obviously clarified the effect of seawater in accelerating the transport of radionuclides with groundwater in the geosphere of studied area. The role of different competing ions have various valances on the relative migration velocity was explored. Further, the time required for studied radionuclides to reach Mediterranean Sea was determined.
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Bangotra P, Jakhu R, Prasad M, Aswal RS, Ashish A, Mushtaq Z, Mehra R. Investigation of heavy metal contamination and associated health risks in groundwater sources of southwestern Punjab, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:367. [PMID: 36745247 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10959-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Human body exposure to various toxic and non-toxic heavy metals in groundwater is a significant health concern, especially in developing countries. The present study was planned and carried out to appraise the potential health risks of eight heavy metals (Mn, Co, Cu, As, Se, Cd, Hg, and Pb) in different water sources of the Mansa and Muktsar districts of Punjab. The measurements of heavy metals were performed using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICPMS) technique. The health (carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic) risks and doses (ingestion and dermal) associated with exposure to heavy metals in water were estimated from the measured concentrations using USEPA guidelines. The average concentrations of heavy metals were observed in the order of Mn (13.93) > Cu (13.12) > Se (4.14) > As (3.28) > Hg (3.27) > Pb (1.29) > Co (0.20) > Cd (0.10) μg L-1. The results show that the Hg, Pb, As, and Se concentrations are above the guideline values of the World Health Organization (WHO) in 10.34%, 3.45%, 6.90%, and 6.90% locations, respectively. The high values of these heavy metals may be due to geogenic anthropogenic activities. The hazard quotients (non-carcinogenic risk) for ingestion and dermal exposures were observed in the range of 0.32-3.79 and 8.05 × 10-6-1.34 × 10-4, respectively. On the other hand, the carcinogenic health risks due to ingestion and dermal exposure were observed to be 0.02-0.38 and 6.67 × 10-8-1.15 × 10-6, respectively. The results of this study will be helpful to the drinking water supplying agencies, water resource development authorities, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pargin Bangotra
- Department of Physics, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Dwarka, 110078, New Delhi, India.
| | - Rajan Jakhu
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute of Nuclear Physics, Dubna, 141980, Russian Federation
| | - Mukesh Prasad
- Chitkara University School of Engineering and Technology, Solan, 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - R S Aswal
- Department of Environmental Sciences, H.N.B. Garhwal University, Badshahi Thaul Campus, Tehri Garhwal, 249199, India
| | - Ansumali Ashish
- Department of Radiology, SSAHS, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Zainab Mushtaq
- Atmospheric Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, SSBSR, Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, India
| | - Rohit Mehra
- Department of Physics, Dr. B.R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, 144011, India
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11
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Kumar V, Radziemska M. Impact of physiochemical properties, microbes and biochar on bioavailability of toxic elements in the soil: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3725-3742. [PMID: 34811628 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01157-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of toxic elements (TEs) in the ecosystem exhibits detrimental effects on the human health. In this paper, we debated remediation approaches for TEs polluted soils via immobilization methods employing numerous amendments with reverence to type of soil and metals, and amendment, immobilization competence, fundamental processes and field applicability. We argued the influence of pH, soil organic matter, textural properties, microbes, speciation and biochar on the bioavailability of TEs. All these properties of soil, microbes and biochar are imperative for effective and safe application of these methods in remediation of TEs contamination in the ecosystem. Further, the application of physiochemical properties, microbes and biochar as amendments has significant synergistic impacts not only on absorption of elements but also on diminution of toxic elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Ramban, Jammu, 182144, India.
| | - Maja Radziemska
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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Han Y, Wang H, Zhang G, Zhang S, Liu X, Liu L. Distribution, ecological risk assessment and source identification of pollutants in soils of different land-use types in degraded wetlands. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12885. [PMID: 35223203 PMCID: PMC8877397 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urbanization and global warming are generating ecological degradation and land pattern alteration problems in natural wetlands. These changes are greatly affecting the ecological services of wetlands. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore the relationship between pollutants and land-use type for wetland restoration purposes. Zaozhadian Lake is a freshwater wetland in the North China Plain, which is facing degradation and land-use types changes. An experiment for analyzing soil pollutants was conducted in three land-use types of farmland, lake, and ditch in the Zaozhadian Lake. The aims of this study were to identify the distribution, pollution degree, and sources of pollutants in different land-use types, and to explore the influence of land-use type changes on contamination. METHODS In this study, surface sediments (0-10 cm) of three land types (farmland, lake, and ditch) in Zaozhadian Lake were collected, and heavy metals (Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg), As, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and organic matter (OM) were determined. Kriging interpolation was used to visualize the pollutants distribution. The pollution degree of TN and TP was evaluated by the Nemerow pollution index. The pollution of heavy metals and As was evaluated by the geological accumulation index (Igeo ) and the potential ecological risk index (RI). Then, dual hierarchical clustering analysis and the principal component analysis were performed to further analyze the impact of land type changes on pollutants. RESULTS The heavy metal contents in the farmland were higher than other areas, while the TN (3.71 ± 1.03 g kg-1) and OM (57.17 ± 15.16 g kg-1) in lake sediments were higher than that in other regions. Farmland, lake, and ditches had low ecological risks, with RI values of 84.21, 71.34, and 50.78, respectively. The primary heavy metal pollutants are Pb, Cu, and Ni. Furthermore, Cu, As, Ni, Pb, and Zn were primarily derived from agriculture pollution, the source of Cd was the industrial pollution, and Cr mainly originated from natural sources. Nutrients primarily came from the decomposition of aquatic animals, plants, and human-related activities. When the lake area was converted into farmland, the heavy metal concentrations in the soils increased and the TN and OM decreased. Based on the results, this study put forward key strategies including the adjustment of the land-use type and restriction of the entry of pollutants into the wetland ecosystems in the Zaozhadian Lake. More attention should be paid to the impact of land-use type change on pollutants in wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Han
- School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Hongjie Wang
- School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengqi Zhang
- School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Xingchun Liu
- School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ling Liu
- School of Eco-Environment, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China,Hebei Key Laboratory of Close-to-Nature Restoration Technology of Wetlands, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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Githaiga KB, Njuguna SM, Gituru RW, Yan X. Assessing heavy metal contamination in soils using improved weighted index (IWI) and their associated human health risks in urban, wetland, and agricultural soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:66012-66025. [PMID: 34327642 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15404-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of nine heavy metals (HMs) Zn, Pb, Cu, Cd, As, Co, Cr, Mo, and Ni in agricultural, urban, and wetland soils from Western and Rift Valley parts of Kenya was assessed using improved weighted index (IWI) and pollution loading index (PLI). Non-carcinogenic risks posed by the HMs were assessed using hazard quotients (HQ) and hazard index (HI), while carcinogenic risks were assessed using cancer risks (CR) and total cancer risks (TCR). The average concentration of Zn, Cr, Ni, Pb, Co, Cu, As, Mo, and Cd was 94.7 mg/kg, 43.6 mg/kg, 22.3 mg/kg, 21.0 mg/kg, 19.8 mg/kg, 18.0 mg/kg, 16.3 mg/kg, 1.83 mg/kg, and 1.16 mg/kg, respectively. IWI ranged from 0.57 to 6.04 and categorized 6.82% of the study sites as not polluted, 27.3% as slightly polluted, 43.2% as moderately polluted, and 22.7% as seriously polluted. PLI ranged from 0.38 to 3.95 and classified 15.9% of the sites as not polluted, 61.4% as slightly polluted, 20.5% as moderately polluted, and only 2.3% as seriously polluted. Wetlands retained more HMs from both urban and agricultural runoff and were therefore the most polluted. The heavy metals did not pose any risks via inhalation and dermal contact, but HQingestion for As for children was >1 in 2.3% of the sites studied. CR via ingestion and TCR for As were above the allowable limits for children and adults indicating high risks of cancer. Intensive agriculture and urbanization should be closely monitored to prevent further HM pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin Babu Githaiga
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Samwel Maina Njuguna
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Robert Wahiti Gituru
- Botany Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, P. O Box 62000, Nairobi, 00200, Kenya
| | - Xue Yan
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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Liu Y, Ma Z, Liu G, Jiang L, Dong L, He Y, Shang Z, Shi H. Accumulation risk and source apportionment of heavy metals in different types of farmland in a typical farming area of northern China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:5177-5194. [PMID: 34115270 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01002-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The types of land used for farmland can greatly influence the source and accumulation risk of heavy metals in soil. However, the apportioning quantitatively the source of soil heavy metals has been studied insufficiently, especially in terms of different types of farmland. In this study, a total of 252 soil samples were taken from dry land, paddy fields and greenhouse fields in the Jinyuan district of Taiyuan city, China, to assess the accumulation risk of heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn). The results were then integrated, and source apportionment was evaluated by geospatial analysis, multivariate statistical analysis and positive matrix factorization (PMF). Cr, Cd and Hg were the dominant pollutants in the studied area. Accumulation risk by Cd and Cu was more severe in greenhouse fields than in dry land or paddy fields, whereas As, Hg and Pb had relatively higher accumulation in paddy fields than in dry land or greenhouse fields. Hg was derived mainly from coal combustion by atmospheric precipitation for the three types of farmland. Long-term irrigation using sewage is the main reason for the accumulation of Cu and Ni in dry land soil, Cu and Zn in paddy field soil and Zn in greenhouse soil. Cd in dry land, Cd and Pb in paddy fields and Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb in greenhouse fields were primarily added to soil through fertilization. Sewage irrigation and fertilization were the dominant sources of heavy metals for paddy field (31.3%) and greenhouse field (33.1%), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Geochemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Zihui Ma
- MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Beijing, 100037, China
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Guannan Liu
- MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Beijing, 100037, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Liming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production and Integrated Resource Utilization of China National Light Industry, School of Ecology and Environment, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Yue He
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People Republic of China, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Zhifeng Shang
- Shanxi Jingtianhuize Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Taiyuan, 030012, China
| | - Huading Shi
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China
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15
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Kandari T, Singh P, Semwal P, Kumar A, Bourai AA, Ramola RC. Evaluation of background radiation level and excess lifetime cancer risk in Doon valley, Garhwal Himalaya. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07988-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Li F, Wang X, Wang F, Wen D, Wu Z, Du Y, Du R, Robinson BH, Zhao P. A risk-based approach for the safety analysis of eight trace elements in Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica parachinensis L.) in China. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:5583-5590. [PMID: 33709452 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most countries set regulatory values for the total trace element (TE) concentrations in soil, although there is growing interest in using a risk-based approach to evaluate the bioavailable TE using dilute salt extractants or other soil parameters, including pH and organic carbon. The present study compares the current regulatory system (based on total TEs and pH) and a risk-based approach using 0.01 mol L-1 CaCl2 to estimate the bioavailable fraction. RESULTS In total, 150 paired samples of Chinese flowering cabbages (Brassica parachinensis) and their growth soils were collected, and the total and extractable concentrations of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As) and mercury (Hg), as well as soil pH and organic matter content, were measured. No more than 3.33% of the edible parts exceeded Chinese food safety standards, even when growing in soils exceeding the current regulatory thresholds by over 50%. The total soil Cd (1.5 mg kg-1 ), as well as the extractable concentrations of Cd (0.1 mg kg-1 ), Ni (0.03 mg kg-1 ) and Zn (0.1 mg kg-1 ), are the key factors affecting the TE concentrations in B. parachinensis. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the current soil regulatory guidelines for safe production of B. parachinensis are overly strict and conservative. A risk-based approach based on the extractable TE concentrations would provide a better indication for plant uptake of soil TEs and avoid the waste of farmlands that can still produce safe vegetables. Future research should focus on providing crop-specific available TE concentration guidelines to promote effective utilization of farmlands. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furong Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Xu Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuhua Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dian Wen
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhichao Wu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingqiong Du
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiying Du
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
| | - Brett H Robinson
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Peihua Zhao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, China
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Verma F, Singh S, Dhaliwal SS, Kumar V, Kumar R, Singh J, Parkash C. Appraisal of pollution of potentially toxic elements in different soils collected around the industrial area. Heliyon 2021; 7:e08122. [PMID: 34660932 PMCID: PMC8502907 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
It is imperative to understand the pollution of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in different soils in order to determine the sustainable management approaches for soils. Potentially toxic elements (Fe, Mn, As, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cu, Cr, Co and Cd) were determined in agricultural, non-agricultural and industrial soils of Punjab, India. The concentration of PTEs at industrial soils were highest followed by non-agricultural and agricultural soils. The percentage change recorded from agricultural to non-agricultural soils for PTEs were 3.19% for Fe, 25.3% for Mn, 63.8% for Cu, 13.5% for Cr, 49.8% for Pb, 79.6% for Ni, 35.8% for Co and 32% for Cd. From non-agricultural to industrial soils, the percentage change observed for PTEs were 89% for Zn, 2.03% for Fe, 21.9% for Mn, 68.2% Cu, 9.2% for Cr, 35.8% for Pb, 18.4% for Co, 30.4% for Cd and 43.4% for As. The results of contamination factor, enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index, pollution and modified pollution indices also resulted severe contamination of Cd and As in all soil types. Ecological risk assessment results revealed that Cd exhibited very high risk in different soil types. The outcomes of this study will aid in forming approaches to decline the perils allied with PTEs in soils, and produce guidelines to save the environment from long term accrual of PTEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falwinder Verma
- Department of Applied Sciences, I.K.G. Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, 144603, India
- Department of Zoology, Government College for Girls, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Sharanpreet Singh
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | | | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Ramban, Jammu & Kashmir, 182144, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Department of Botany, Doaba College, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144004, India
| | - Jaswinder Singh
- Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Khalsa College, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India
| | - Chander Parkash
- Department of Applied Sciences, I.K.G. Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, 144603, India
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Aba A, Al-Boloushi O, Ismaeel A, Al-Tamimi S. Migration behavior of radiostrontium and radiocesium in arid-region soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 281:130953. [PMID: 34289617 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The time-dependent of the average migration, depths and migration rates of radiostrontium and radiocesium were experimentally determined in sandy soil in Kuwait. The study aimed to describe the behavior of these radionuclides in typical soil types in Kuwait. Custom-made large-diameter lysimeters (30 cm) were constructed to hold about 70 kg of undisturbed soil. The top surface soil was contaminated with known activity concentrations of 85Sr and 134Cs radionuclides. The topsoil was wetted with 1 L of water weekly using a rain simulator tool. Gamma scanning of the lysimeters in a step of 5 cm from three sides was performed at three measurement times by a high-resolution portable gamma spectrometry system. The vertical distribution pattern of 85Sr and 134Cs concentration exhibited an exponential trend. The average migration depth and migration rates were calculated, and 90% of the 85Sr and 134Cs were situated at 10.38 and 5.73 cm in the topsoil layer, respectively. The average vertical migration rate of 85Sr varied from 2.2 to 4.4 cm y-1, and 134Cs was from 0.3 to 0.9 cm y-1. It was demonstrated that the mobility of the 85 Sr and 134 Cs in the sandy soil could be attributed to the physicochemical properties of the radionuclide, in particular the distribution coefficient (Kd). The obtained results could be adopted by the regions of similar climatological conditions, especially, the gulf countries region when the radiological risk assessment of contaminated sites and dose estimation is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Aba
- Environmental and Life Sciences Research Center Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait.
| | - Omar Al-Boloushi
- Environmental and Life Sciences Research Center Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
| | - Anfal Ismaeel
- Environmental and Life Sciences Research Center Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
| | - Salman Al-Tamimi
- Environmental and Life Sciences Research Center Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, P. O. Box 24885, Safat, 13109, Kuwait
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Keshavarzi A, Kumar V, Ertunç G, Brevik EC. Ecological risk assessment and source apportionment of heavy metals contamination: an appraisal based on the Tellus soil survey. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2021; 43:2121-2142. [PMID: 33392900 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00787-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It is imperative to comprehend the level and spatial distribution of soil pollution with heavy metals to find sustainable management approaches for affected soils. Selected heavy metals (Mn, Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, As, Co, and Cd) and physiochemical parameters were appraised for 620 samples from industrial, agricultural and urban sites in Northern Ireland using the Tellus database. The findings of this study showed that among the analyzed heavy metals, Mn content was the highest and Cd content the lowest. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that heavy metals were highly correlated with each other, signifying similar sources for the heavy metals. Mixed factors (anthropogenic and lithogenic) were responsible for the contribution of heavy metals as revealed by multivariate statistical analysis. The results of contamination factor and enrichment factor analyses suggest that As, Cd, and Pb showed very high risk for pollution in the study area. The geoaccumulation index revealed that with the exception of Cd, all analyzed heavy metals showed severe accumulation in the soils. The potential and modified ecological risk indices inferred that Cd, As, and Pb represented ecological threats in the soils of Northern Ireland. The findings of this study will aid in forming approaches to decrease the risks associated with heavy metals in industrial, urban and agricultural soils, and help create guidelines to protect the environment from long-term accumulation of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Keshavarzi
- Laboratory of Remote Sensing and GIS, Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, P.O.Box: 4111, 31587-77871, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Mining Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Ramban, Jammu, 182144, India
| | - Güneş Ertunç
- Department of Mining Engineering, Hacettepe University, 06800, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Eric C Brevik
- Departments of Natural Sciences and Agriculture and Technical Studies, Dickinson State University, 291 Campus Drive, Dickinson, ND, 58061, USA.
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20
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Advanced Rainfall Trend Analysis of 117 Years over West Coast Plain and Hill Agro-Climatic Region of India. ATMOSPHERE 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/atmos11111225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, the rainfall trend of the West Coast Plain and Hill Agro-Climatic Region is analyzed for 117 years (1901–2017). This region is a globally recognized biodiversity hotspot and known for one of the highest rainfall receiving regions in India. Rainfall grid dataset is used for the analysis of rainfall trends on monthly, seasonal, and decadal time scales. Modified Mann–Kendall’s test, Linear Regression, Innovative Trend Analysis, Sen’s Slope test, Weibull’s Recurrence Interval, Pearson’s Coefficient of Skewness, Consecutive Disparity Index, Kurtosis, and some other important statistical techniques are employed for trend analysis. Results indicate that the rainfall trend is significant in January, July, August, September as well as the Winter season. Among all the significant trends, January and July showed a decreasing rainfall trend. July has the highest contribution (30%) among all the obtained monotonic trend to annual rainfall and coincidentally has the highest trend magnitude. August and September months with a combined contribution of 30% to annual rainfall, show an increasing monotonic trend with high magnitude whereas Winter season shows a monotonic decreasing rainfall trend with comparatively low magnitudes. Decadal analysis along with the study of recurrence interval of excess and deficit years helps to understand the decadal rhythm of trend and the magnitude of extreme monthly and seasonal events. Skewness reveals that rainfall dataset of all the periodic results is right-skewed and the recurrence interval also supports the skewness results. Sharply decreasing rainfall in July and rising rainfall in August and September is predictive of the impact on agriculture, biodiversity and indicates the rainfall regime shift in the region.
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