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Ju Q, Hu Y, Liu Q, Chen K, Zhang H, Wu Y. Multiple stable isotopes and geochemical approaches to elucidate groundwater reactive transport paths in mining cities: A case from the northern Anhui, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169706. [PMID: 38159762 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Mining cities are ecotone areas where human and natural components interact. Indeed, the negative effects of mining activities on drinking water quality have become a serious public concern worldwide. To elucidate groundwater genesis and reactive transport path controlling the water pollution, a multi-bodies system in the Sunan Mine area in China was considered in this study. The results of the mineral phase characterizations, hydrochemical analysis, and multiple stable isotopes (δ2H/δ18O, δ34S and 87Sr/86Sr) indicated that calcite, dolomite, gypsum, quartz, halite, organic carbon, and gases (O2, CO2 and H2O) were the primary reactants in the aquifer system, accompanied by dissolution and precipitation of minerals, cation exchange, desulfation, and evaporation. An inverse hydrogeochemical model was employed to identify three paths, Path 1 demonstrated that mine water mainly originated from the Quaternary loose aquifer water (QLA), Permian fractured sandstone aquifer water (PFA), and Carbonifer fractured limestone aquifer water (CFA), accompanied by high K++Na+ and HCO3- concentrations due to the carbonate dissolution, halite dissolution, and cation exchange processes. Path 2 showed that the recharge of the CFA and Ordovician fractured limestone aquifer (OFA) occurred from the shallow recharge zone to the deeper OFA water through faults and fractures, mainly involving halite dissolution, carbonate dissolution, and gypsum dissolution. Path 3 demonstrated the interaction between the Hui River, collapsed pond water, and QLA, accompanied by gypsum dissolution, calcite dissolution, and cation exchange. Although the shallow QLA quality met the WHO drinking water standards, the pollution risk from the surface collapse pit water cannot be ignored. Therefore, effective approaches need to be considered in the study area to reduce the connection between the collapse pit water and QLA. The study results can help decision makers to predict water quality of complex water systems in ecotone areas and other similar regions worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiding Ju
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Youbiao Hu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Coal Industry Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Mine Water Disasters, Huainan 232001, China.
| | - Qimeng Liu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; Coal Industry Engineering Research Center for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Mine Water Disasters, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
| | - Youmiao Wu
- School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China
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Shi B, Meng J, Wang T, Li Q, Zhang Q, Su G. The main strategies for soil pollution apportionment: A review of the numerical methods. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 136:95-109. [PMID: 37923480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, a large number of compounds with different physical and chemical properties have been determined in soil. Environmental behaviors and source identification of pollutants in soil are the foundation of soil pollution control. Identification and quantitative analysis of potential pollution sources are the prerequisites for its prevention and control. Many efforts have made to develop methods for identifying the sources of soil pollutants. These efforts have involved the measurement of source and receptor parameters and the analysis of their relationships via numerical statistics methods. We have comprehensively reviewed the progress made in the development of source apportionment methodologies to date and present our synthesis. The numerical methods, such as spatial geostatistics analysis, receptor models, and machine learning methods are addressed in depth. In most cases, however, the effectiveness of any single approach for source apportionment remains limited. Combining multiple methods to address soil quality problems can reduce uncertainty about the sources of soil pollution. This review also constructively highlights the key strategies of combining mathematical models with the assessment of chemical profiles to provide more accurate source attribution. This review intends to provide a comprehensive summary of source apportionment methodologies to help promote further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Shi
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tieyu Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Disaster Prediction and Prevention, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qifan Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guijin Su
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Modra H, Ulmann V, Gersl M, Babak V, Konecny O, Hubelova D, Caha J, Kudelka J, Falkinham JO, Pavlik I. River Sediments Downstream of Villages in a Karstic Watershed Exhibited Increased Numbers and Higher Diversity of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 87:15. [PMID: 38102317 PMCID: PMC10724323 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02326-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
The impact of residential villages on the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in streams flowing through them has not been studied in detail. Water and sediments of streams are highly susceptible to anthropogenic inputs such as surface water flows. This study investigated the impact of seven residential villages in a karst watershed on the prevalence and species spectrum of NTM in water and sediments. Higher NTM species diversity (i.e., 19 out of 28 detected) was recorded downstream of the villages and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) compared to sampling sites upstream (i.e., 5). Significantly, higher Zn and lower silicon concentrations were detected in sediments inside the village and downstream of the WWTP's effluents. Higher phosphorus concentration in sediment was downstream of WWTPs compared to other sampling sites. The effluent from the WWTPs had a substantial impact on water quality parameters with significant increases in total phosphorus, anions (Cl-and N-NH3-), and cations (Na+ and K+). The results provide insights into NTM numbers and species diversity distribution in a karst watershed and the impact of urban areas. Although in this report the focus is on the NTM, it is likely that other water and sediment microbes will be influenced as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Modra
- Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Ulmann
- Public Health Institute Ostrava, Partyzanske Nam. 7, 702 00, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Gersl
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Babak
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 621 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Konecny
- Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Hubelova
- Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Caha
- Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kudelka
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ivo Pavlik
- Faculty of Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Guo X, Wu P, Strosnider WHJ, Takahashi Y, Kogure T, Sun J. A simple multilevel sampler for synchronous collection of stratified waters. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:314. [PMID: 36662368 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-10944-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Stratified water collection plays a crucial role in water quality monitoring, as most water bodies are not perfectly mixed systems. In order to precisely collect stratified waters, we developed an inexpensive, simple, and high-resolution sampler to simultaneously collect and measure physical and chemical parameters along vertical water profiles. The water sampler predominantly consists of two parts: (1) an apparatus for measuring sampling depth below the water and (2) water sampling units secured below the water. Proof of concept water sampling was performed in Caohai wetland (Southwest China) at 40 cm intervals, as sampling depth and interval are adjustable. Stratified waters in four sampling sites were characterized by markedly different levels of major and trace elements as well as physicochemical parameters. Results indicate this simple multilevel sampler to be a cheap, precise, and portable option for simultaneously collecting water samples at different depths in a wide array of water body types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanzheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Pan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - William H J Strosnider
- Baruch Marine Field Laboratory, University of South Carolina, 2306 Crab Hall Road, Georgetown, SC, 29440, USA
| | - Yoshio Takahashi
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Kogure
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan.
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Chen W, Liu P, Luo Y, Li B, Peng J, Jin X. Behavior of Sb and As in the hydrogeochemistry of adjacent karst underground river systems and the responses of such systems to mining activities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159411. [PMID: 36243076 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Through the investigation of Qinglong mining area and adjacent karst underground river system, mining activities and water-rock interactions are found to control the hydrogeochemical evolution of karst underground water. Along the flow direction of the karst underground river, the hydro-chemical type is converted from HCO3-Ca type to SO4-Ca type. The concentrations of Sb and As also gradually decrease. Using PHREEQC to calculate the SI shows that: in the karst underground river system, both gypsum and fluorite are unsaturated, indicating a high degree of water-rock interaction. LogPCO2 is negatively correlated with pH, indicating that the karst underground river systems are both open systems. The dissolution of carbonate minerals and the alternate adsorption of ions are the main water-rock interactions that lead to the rapid decline of Sb and As concentrations. This research also applies principal component analysis to identify the types of pollution in adjacent karst underground river systems. The results show that the LongBaiwei underground river was mainly affected by coal mining activities, and Fe was more prominent; the ShuiYa underground river was more significantly affected by the leachate from the antimony tailings yard. This study provides a scientific basis for the evolution of the water environment as well as strategies for pollution prevention and control in typical karst underground river systems owing to the influence of mining activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiao Chen
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Pu Liu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Ying Luo
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Bo Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jichao Peng
- Bureau of Natural Resources of Qianxinan Prefecture, Xingyi 562400, China
| | - Xuejiao Jin
- Guizhou Province Research Institute of Coal Mine Design Co., Ltd, Guiyang 550025, China
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He X, Zhou H, Wan J, Guo Y, Zhao H. The effects of rainfall on groundwater hydrogeochemistry and chemical weathering. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:12152-12168. [PMID: 36104647 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the special hydrogeological conditions in karst areas, groundwater responds quickly to rainfall. The covariation of ion concentrations and spring discharge can help better understand the hydrogeochemical process of groundwater occurring in the heterogeneous karst aquifers. In this study, high-resolution monitoring of groundwater discharge, hydrochemistry, and stable isotopes was conducted at the Qingjiangyuan (QJY), a spring of the Qingjiang watershed in Hubei, China. The purpose is to investigate the changes in hydrogeochemical processes and chemical weathering under the influence of rainfall. The dynamics of spring discharge indicate the presence of pipelines and fissures of different sizes. According to the spring discharge attenuation curves, there are at least three medium types in the aquifer, which account for 45.7%, 34.2%, and 20.1% of the total groundwater. Pearson correlation analysis shows that the main sources of the solute in the QJY are carbonate minerals (mainly calcite and dolomite), evaporites (mainly gypsum and sylvite), celestite, and strontianite. Anthropogenic activities have less impact on groundwater solutes. Although carbonate minerals dominate the hydrochemistry, the changes in hydrogeochemical behavior caused by rainfall may come from gypsum, which is supported by the ion concentrations. At the early rainfall stage, Ca2+ concentration increased from 42.9 to 45.6 mg/L, followed by the SO42- from 15.2 to 16.6 mg/L. When the discharge increased to the maximum (2320 L/s), Ca2+ and SO42- showed opposite trends, decreased to 39.7 mg/L and 10.4 mg/L, respectively. The results also suggest that carbonate rocks and evaporites have important roles in hydrochemistry. The contributions of these three end-members were quantified based on the law of mass conservation. The proportions of carbonate weathering and evaporite weathering were 83.4% (85.2-80.3%) and 11.6% (6.9-18.0%), respectively, and rain was 5.0% (0.1-10.4%). These results were integrated into a hydrogeological conceptual model that explains the hydrogeochemical processes, including rock weathering, piston, and dilution effects caused by rainfall. The proposed conceptual model helps to improve the understanding of hydrogeochemical processes and chemical weathering in karst areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui He
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zhou
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwei Wan
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan Guo
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Zhao
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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He X, Li P, Shi H, Xiao Y, Guo Y, Zhao H. Identifying strontium sources of flowback fluid and groundwater pollution using 87Sr/ 86Sr and geochemical model in Sulige gasfield, China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 306:135594. [PMID: 35803383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing technology has made unconventional oil and gas development economically viable; however, it can lead to potential environmental issues such as groundwater pollution. Strontium isotope (87Sr/86Sr) is considered as a sensitive tracer to indicate potential groundwater contamination. In this study, strontium (Sr) and 87Sr/86Sr sources of hydraulic fracturing flowback fluid are identified with 87 flowback fluid samples and 5 borehole core samples. High Sr concentrations and 87Sr/86Sr values were found in fracturing flowback fluid. The hydrogeochemistry evidence shows high Sr and 87Sr/86Sr in fracturing flowback fluid mainly comes from formation water with high ion concentrations, while Sr and 87Sr/86Sr of formation water develop in diagenesis and long term water-rock interaction (e.g., feldspar dissolution and clay mineral transformations) under the high temperature and pressure. A complete evaluation system was executed to assess the sensitivity of 87Sr/86Sr indicating potential pollution on groundwater. The mixing curves which 87Sr/86Sr combined with Sr and Cl were also established by mixing models to indicate groundwater pollution. The modeling results show mineral dissolution/precipitation and cation exchange have little impact on 87Sr/86Sr in the mixing process between fracturing flowback fluid and groundwater, which 87Sr/86Sr can identify contamination when only 0.89% of fracturing flowback fluid mixes with groundwater. Finally, the potential contamination pathways are discussed. It is highly unlikely fracturing flowback fluid contaminates groundwater and soil through upward migration, whereas leakage is a more prevalent pollution pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong He
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peiyue Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hua Shi
- Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute of Changqing Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Xi'an, 710018, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanxiang Xiao
- Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute of Changqing Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Xi'an, 710018, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hanghang Zhao
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710054, Shaanxi, China
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Torres-Martínez JA, Mora A, Mahlknecht J, Kaown D, Barceló D. Determining nitrate and sulfate pollution sources and transformations in a coastal aquifer impacted by seawater intrusion-A multi-isotopic approach combined with self-organizing maps and a Bayesian mixing model. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126103. [PMID: 34229392 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, the La Paz aquifer system in Baja California Sur, Mexico, has been under severe pressure due to overexploitation for urban water supply and agriculture; this has caused seawater intrusion and deterioration in groundwater quality. Previous studies on the La Paz aquifer have focused mainly on seawater intrusion, resulting in limited information on nitrate and sulfate pollution. Therefore, pollution sources have not yet been identified sufficiently. In this study, an approach combining hydrochemical tools, multi-isotopes (δ2HH2O, δ18OH2O, δ15NNO3, δ18ONO3, δ34SSO4, δ18OSO4), and a Bayesian isotope mixing model was used to estimate the contribution of different nitrate and sulfate sources to groundwater. Results from the MixSIAR model revealed that seawater intrusion and soil-derived sulfates were the predominant sources of groundwater sulfate, with contributions of ~43.0% (UI90 = 0.29) and ~42.0% (UI90 = 0.38), respectively. Similarly, soil organic nitrogen (~81.5%, UI90 = 0.41) and urban sewage (~12.1%, UI90 = 0.25) were the primary contributors of nitrate pollution in groundwater. The dominant biogeochemical transformation for NO3- was nitrification. Denitrification and sulfate reduction were discarded due to the aerobic conditions in the study area. These results indicate that dual-isotope sulfate analysis combined with MixSIAR models is a powerful tool for estimating the contributions of sulfate sources (including seawater-derived sulfate) in the groundwater of coastal aquifer systems affected by seawater intrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Torres-Martínez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64149, Nuevo León, México
| | - Abrahan Mora
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Puebla, Atlixcáyotl 5718, Puebla de Zaragoza 72453, Puebla, México
| | - Jürgen Mahlknecht
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterey, Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64149, Nuevo León, México.
| | - Dugin Kaown
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Damia Barceló
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, IIQAB, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
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Chen X, Jiang C, Zheng L, Zhang L, Fu X, Chen S, Chen Y, Hu J. Evaluating the genesis and dominant processes of groundwater salinization by using hydrochemistry and multiple isotopes in a mining city. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117381. [PMID: 34034018 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The increasing salinization of groundwater renders it challenging to maintain the water quality. Moreover, knowledge regarding the characteristics and mechanism of groundwater salinization in mining areas remains limited. This study represents the first attempt of combining the hydrochemical, isotope (δD, δ18O, δ37Cl, and 87Sr/86Sr) and multivariate statistical analysis methods to explore the origin, control, and influence of fluoride enrichment in mining cities. The TDS content of groundwater ranged from 275.9 mg/L to 2452.0 mg/L, and 54% of the groundwater samples were classified as class IV water according to China's groundwater quality standards (GB/T 14848-2017), indicating a decline in the water quality of the study area. The results of the groundwater ion ratio and isotope discrimination analysis showed that dissolution and evaporation involving water-rock interactions and halite were the main driving processes for groundwater salinization in the study area. In addition to the hydrogeological and climatic conditions, mine drainage inputs exacerbated the increasing salinity of the groundwater in local areas. The mineral dissolution, cation exchange, and evaporation promoted the F- enrichment, while excessive evaporation and salinity inhibited the F- enrichment. Gangue accumulation and infiltration likely led to considerable F- enrichment in individual groundwater regions. Extensive changes in the groundwater salinity indicated differences in the geochemical processes that controlled the groundwater salinization. Given the particularity of the study area, the enrichment of salinization and fluoride triggered by mining activities cannot be ignored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Chunlu Jiang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Liugen Zheng
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Liqun Zhang
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Xianjie Fu
- Pingan Mining Engineering Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Huainan, 232001, Anhui, China
| | - Shigui Chen
- Pingan Mining Engineering Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Huainan, 232001, Anhui, China
| | - Yongchun Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Coal Mine Ecological Environment Protection, Huainan, 232001, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Hu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Mine Ecological Remediation, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
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10
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Numerical Study of the Strength and Characteristics of Sandstone Samples with Combined Double Hole and Double Fissure Defects. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13137090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To explore the failure mechanism of rock with holes and fissures, uniaxial compression tests of sandstone samples with combined double hole and double fissure defects were carried out using Particle Flow Code 2D (PFC2D) numerical simulation software. The failure behaviour and mechanical properties of the sandstone samples with combined double hole and double fissure defects at different angles were analysed, and the evolution results of the stress field and crack propagation were studied. The results show that with a decrease in fissure angle, the crack initiation stress, damage stress, elastic modulus and peak stress of the defective rock decrease, while the peak strain increases, and the brittleness of the rock is weakened. Rocks with combined double hole and double fissure defects at different angles lead to different failure modes, crack initiation positions and crack development directions. After uniaxial compression, both compressive stress and tensile stress concentration areas are produced in the defective rock, but the compressive stress concentration is of primary importance. The concentration area is mainly distributed around the holes and fissures and the defect connecting line, and the stress concentration area decreases with the decreasing fissure angle. This study can correctly predict the mechanical properties of rock with combined double hole and double fissure defects at different angles and provide a reference for actual rock engineering.
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