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Yu D, Guo X, Wang A, Wu Z, Shi J. Simulation and parameter determination of the net sorption of phenanthrene by sediment particles. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116440. [PMID: 38733806 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the ocean is affected by the sorption-desorption process of sediment particles. This process is determined by the concentration of PAHs in seawater, water temperature, and organic matter content of sediment particles. Quantitative relationships between the net sorption rates (=the difference of sorption and desorption rates) and these factors have not been established yet and used in PAH transport models. In this study, phenanthrene was chosen as the representative of PAHs. Three groups of experimental data were collected to address the dependence of the net sorption processes on the initial concentration, water temperature, and organic carbon content representing organic matter content. One-site and two-compartment mass-transfer models were tested to represent the experimental data using various parameters. The results showed that the two-compartment mass-transfer model performed better than the one-site mass-transfer model. The parameters of the two-compartment mass-transfer model include the sorption rate coefficients kafand kas (L g-1 min-1), and the desorption rate coefficients kdf and kds (min-1). The parameters at different temperatures and organic carbon contents were obtained by numerical simulations. Linear relationships were obtained between the parameters and water temperature, as well as organic carbon content. kaf, kas and kdf decreased linearly, while kds increased linearly with temperature. kaf, kas and kdf increased linearly, while kds decreased linearly with organic carbon content. The r2 values between the simulation results based on the relationships and the experimental results reached 0.96-0.99, which supports the application of the model to simulate sorption-desorption processes at different water temperatures and organic carbon contents in a realistic ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donglin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xinyu Guo
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies, Ehime University2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577,Japan
| | - Aobo Wang
- School of Hydraulic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong 264025, China
| | - Zhaosen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jie Shi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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MacKeown H, Scapuzzi C, Baglietto M, Benedetti B, Di Carro M, Magi E. Wastewater and seawater monitoring in Antarctica: Passive sampling as a powerful strategy to evaluate emerging pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 925:171755. [PMID: 38494027 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The Ross Sea, among the least human-impacted marine environments worldwide, recently became the first marine protected area in Antarctica. To assess the impact of the Italian research station Mario Zucchelli (MZS) on the surrounding waters, passive sampling - as well as spot sampling for comparison - took place in the effluent of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and the receiving surface marine waters. Polar Organic Chemical Integrative Samplers (POCIS) were deployed for six consecutive 2-week periods from November to February in a reservoir collecting the wastewater effluent. Passive samplers were also deployed at shallow depth offshore from the wastewater effluent outlet from MZS for two separate 3-week periods (November 2021 and January 2022). Grab water samples were collected alongside each POCIS deployment, for comparison with passive sampling results. POCIS, used for the first time in Antarctica, demonstrated to be advantageous to estimate time-averaged concentrations in waters and the results were comparable to those obtained by repeated spot samplings. Among the 23 studied ECs - including drugs, UV-filters, perfluorinated substances, caffeine - 15 were detected in both grab and passive sampling in the WWTP effluent and followed similar concentration profiles in both types of sampling. High concentrations of caffeine, naproxen and ketoprofen in the dozens of μg L-1 were detected. Other compounds, including drugs and several UV filters, were detected down to sub- μg L-1 concentrations. In marine waters close to the effluent output, only traces of a drug (4.8 ng L-1) and two UV filters (up to 0.04 μg L-1) were quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry MacKeown
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Chiara Scapuzzi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Matteo Baglietto
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Benedetti
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Di Carro
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Emanuele Magi
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Genoa, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy.
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de Melo Carlos L, Camacho KF, Duarte AW, de Oliveira VM, Boroski M, Rosa LH, Vieira R, Neto AA, Ottoni JR, Passarini MRZ. Bioprospecting the potential of the microbial community associated to Antarctic marine sediments for hydrocarbon bioremediation. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:471-485. [PMID: 38052770 PMCID: PMC10920520 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01199-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms that inhabit the cold Antarctic environment can produce ligninolytic enzymes potentially useful in bioremediation. Our study focused on characterizing Antarctic bacteria and fungi from marine sediment samples of King George and Deception Islands, maritime Antarctica, potentially affected by hydrocarbon influence, able to produce enzymes for use in bioremediation processes in environments impacted with petroleum derivatives. A total of 168 microorganism isolates were obtained: 56 from sediments of King George Island and 112 from Deception Island. Among them, five bacterial isolates were tolerant to cell growth in the presence of diesel oil and gasoline and seven fungal were able to discolor RBBR dye. In addition, 16 isolates (15 bacterial and one fungal) displayed enzymatic emulsifying activities. Two isolates were characterized taxonomically by showing better biotechnological results. Psychrobacter sp. BAD17 and Cladosporium sp. FAR18 showed pyrene tolerance (cell growth of 0.03 g mL-1 and 0.2 g mL-1) and laccase enzymatic activity (0.006 UL-1 and 0.10 UL-1), respectively. Our results indicate that bacteria and fungi living in sediments under potential effect of hydrocarbon pollution may represent a promising alternative to bioremediate cold environments contaminated with polluting compounds derived from petroleum such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layssa de Melo Carlos
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana - UNILA, Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, 1000 - Jd Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, 85870-650, Brazil
| | - Karine Fernandes Camacho
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana - UNILA, Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, 1000 - Jd Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, 85870-650, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcela Boroski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Energia & Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana - UNILA, Foz Do Iguaçu, Brazil
| | - Luiz Henrique Rosa
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Rosemary Vieira
- Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Arthur A Neto
- Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Júlia Ronzella Ottoni
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana - UNILA, Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, 1000 - Jd Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, 85870-650, Brazil
| | - Michel R Z Passarini
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia Ambiental, Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-Americana - UNILA, Av. Tarquínio Joslin dos Santos, 1000 - Jd Universitário, Foz do Iguaçu, PR, 85870-650, Brazil.
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4
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Castillo NA, James WR, Santos RO, Rezek R, Cerveny D, Boucek RE, Adams AJ, Goldberg T, Campbell L, Perez AU, Schmitter-Soto JJ, Lewis JP, Fick J, Brodin T, Rehage JS. Understanding pharmaceutical exposure and the potential for effects in marine biota: A survey of bonefish (Albula vulpes) across the Caribbean Basin. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140949. [PMID: 38096990 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Most research on pharmaceutical presence in the environment to date has focused on smaller scale assessments of freshwater and riverine systems, relying mainly on assays of water samples, while studies in marine ecosystems and of exposed biota are sparse. This study investigated the pharmaceutical burden in bonefish (Albula vulpes), an important recreational and artisanal fishery, to quantify pharmaceutical exposure throughout the Caribbean Basin. We sampled 74 bonefish from five regions, and analyzed them for 102 pharmaceuticals. We assessed the influence of sampling region on the number of pharmaceuticals, pharmaceutical assemblage, and risk of pharmacological effects. To evaluate the risk of pharmacological effects at the scale of the individual, we proposed a metric based on the human therapeutic plasma concentration (HTPC), comparing measured concentrations to a threshold of 1/3 the HTPC for each pharmaceutical. Every bonefish had at least one pharmaceutical, with an average of 4.9 and a maximum of 16 pharmaceuticals in one individual. At least one pharmaceutical was detected in exceedance of the 1/3 HTPC threshold in 39% of bonefish, with an average of 0.6 and a maximum of 11 pharmaceuticals exceeding in a Key West individual. The number of pharmaceuticals (49 detected in total) differed across regions, but the risk of pharmacological effects did not (23 pharmaceuticals exceeded the 1/3 HTPC threshold). The most common pharmaceuticals were venlafaxine (43 bonefish), atenolol (36), naloxone (27), codeine (27), and trimethoprim (24). Findings suggest that pharmaceutical detections and concentration may be independent, emphasizing the need to monitor risk to biota regardless of exposure diversity, and to focus on risk quantified at the individual level. This study supports the widespread presence of pharmaceuticals in marine systems and shows the utility of applying the HTPC to assess the potential for pharmacological effects, and thus quantify impact of exposure at large spatial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Castillo
- Earth and Environment Department, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - W R James
- Earth and Environment Department, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Department of Biology, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - R O Santos
- Department of Biology, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - R Rezek
- Department of Marine Science, Coastal Carolina University, Conway, SC, USA
| | - D Cerveny
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden; Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - R E Boucek
- Bonefish and Tarpon Trust, Miami, FL, USA
| | - A J Adams
- Bonefish and Tarpon Trust, Miami, FL, USA; Florida Atlantic University Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, Fort Pierce, FL, USA
| | - T Goldberg
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - L Campbell
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - A U Perez
- Bonefish and Tarpon Trust, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J J Schmitter-Soto
- Departmento de Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Mexico
| | - J P Lewis
- Bonefish and Tarpon Trust, Miami, FL, USA
| | - J Fick
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - T Brodin
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - J S Rehage
- Earth and Environment Department, Institute of Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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Postigo C, Moreno-Merino L, López-García E, López-Martínez J, López de Alda M. Human footprint on the water quality from the northern Antarctic Peninsula region. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 453:131394. [PMID: 37086669 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the human footprint on the chemical pollution of Antarctic waters by characterizing inorganic chemicals and selected organic anthropogenic contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in inland freshwater and coastal seawater and the associated ecotoxicological risk. Nicotine and tolytriazole, present in 74% and 89% of the samples analyzed, respectively, were the most ubiquitous CECs in the investigated area. The most abundant CECs were citalopram, clarithromycin, and nicotine with concentrations reaching 292, 173, and 146 ng/L, respectively. The spatial distribution of CECs was not linked to any water characteristic or inorganic component. The contamination pattern by CECs in inland freshwater varied among locations, whereas it was very similar in coastal seawater. This suggests that concentrations in inland freshwater may be ruled by environmental processes (reemission from ice, atmospheric deposition, limited photo- and biodegradation processes, etc.) in addition to human activities. Following risk assessment, citalopram, clarithromycin, nicotine, venlafaxine, and hydrochlorothiazide should be considered of concern in this area, and hence, included in future monitoring of Antarctic waters and biota. This work provides evidence on the fact that current measures taken to protect the pristine environment of Antarctica from human activities are not effective to avoid CEC spread in its aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Postigo
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Granada, Campus de Fuentenueva s/n, Granada 18071, Spain; Institute for Water Research (IdA), University of Granada, Ramón y Cajal 4, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Luis Moreno-Merino
- Spanish Geological Survey CN IGME (CSIC), Ríos Rosas, 23, Madrid 28003, Spain
| | - Ester López-García
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
| | - Jerónimo López-Martínez
- Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Miren López de Alda
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), C/ Jordi Girona 18-26, Barcelona 08034, Spain
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Electron transfer mechanism that Ti3C2 regulates Cl-doped carbon nitride nanotube: Realizing efficient photocatalytic decarbonization and denitrification in wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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7
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Deschamps E, Calabrese V, Schmitz I, Hubert-Roux M, Castagnos D, Afonso C. Advances in Ultra-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry for Pharmaceutical Analysis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052061. [PMID: 36903305 PMCID: PMC10003995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical analysis refers to an area of analytical chemistry that deals with active compounds either by themselves (drug substance) or when formulated with excipients (drug product). In a less simplistic way, it can be defined as a complex science involving various disciplines, e.g., drug development, pharmacokinetics, drug metabolism, tissue distribution studies, and environmental contamination analyses. As such, the pharmaceutical analysis covers drug development to its impact on health and the environment. Moreover, due to the need for safe and effective medications, the pharmaceutical industry is one of the most heavily regulated sectors of the global economy. For this reason, powerful analytical instrumentation and efficient methods are required. In the last decades, mass spectrometry has been increasingly used in pharmaceutical analysis both for research aims and routine quality controls. Among different instrumental setups, ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry with Fourier transform instruments, i.e., Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FTICR) and Orbitrap, gives access to valuable molecular information for pharmaceutical analysis. In fact, thanks to their high resolving power, mass accuracy, and dynamic range, reliable molecular formula assignments or trace analysis in complex mixtures can be obtained. This review summarizes the principles of the two main types of Fourier transform mass spectrometers, and it highlights applications, developments, and future perspectives in pharmaceutical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle Deschamps
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, IRCOF, 1 rue Tesnières, CEDEX, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- ORIL Industrie, Servier Group, 13 r Auguste Desgenétais, 76210 Bolbec, France
| | - Valentina Calabrese
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, IRCOF, 1 rue Tesnières, CEDEX, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, 5 Rue de La Doua, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Isabelle Schmitz
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, IRCOF, 1 rue Tesnières, CEDEX, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Marie Hubert-Roux
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, IRCOF, 1 rue Tesnières, CEDEX, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Denis Castagnos
- ORIL Industrie, Servier Group, 13 r Auguste Desgenétais, 76210 Bolbec, France
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Normandie Univ, COBRA, UMR 6014 and FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, CNRS, IRCOF, 1 rue Tesnières, CEDEX, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
- Correspondence:
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Otur Ç, Okay S, Kurt-Kızıldoğan A. Whole genome analysis of Flavobacterium aziz-sancarii sp. nov., isolated from Ardley Island (Antarctica), revealed a rich resistome and bioremediation potential. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 313:137511. [PMID: 36509185 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite being one of the most isolated regions in the world, Antarctica is at risk of increased contamination with potentially toxic elements and other toxic chemicals through anthropogenic interventions. In this study, a psychrotolerant bacterium was isolated using the lake water collected from Ardley Island (Antarctica), which can grow at temperatures between 4 and 30 °C and pH values between 6.0 and 9.0. The isolate, named AC, had protease, amylase, and lipase activities with no NaCl tolerance and could degrade 1-5% diesel fuel. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using 16S rRNA, gyrB, tuf, and rpoD genes resulted in 92.91-98.6% sequence similarities between the isolate AC and other Flavobacterium spp. Whole genome analysis indicated that the genome length of Flavobacterium sp. AC is 5.8 Mbp with a GC content of 34.04% and 1274 genes predicted. The strain AC branched independently from other Flavobacterium spp. in the phylogenetic and phylogenomic trees and ranked a new species named Flavobacterium aziz-sancarii. Genome mining identified several cold-inducible genes, including stress-associated genes such as cold-shock proteins, chaperones, carotenoid biosynthetic genes, or oxidative-stress response genes. In addition, virulence, gliding motility, and biofilm-related genes were determined. Its genome contains 35 and 88 open-reading frames related to potentially toxic element and antibiotic resistance, respectively. F. aziz-sancarii showed a remarkable tolerance of Cr and Ni, with minimal inhibitory concentration values of 2.88 and 2.81 mM, respectively. Pb, Cu, and Zn exposure resulted in moderate toxicity (2.14-2.41 mM), while Cd showed the highest inhibitory effect in bacterial growth (0.74 mM). Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated multidrug-resistant phenotype in correlation to in silico prediction of antibiotic resistance genes. Overall, our results contribute to biodiversity of Antarctica and provide new insights into resistome profile of Antarctic microorganisms. Additionally, the diesel degradation feature of F. aziz-sancarii offers potential use for the bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated polar ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Çiğdem Otur
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Sezer Okay
- Department of Vaccine Technology, Vaccine Institute, Hacettepe University, 06230, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aslıhan Kurt-Kızıldoğan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55139, Samsun, Turkey.
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Giannelli Moneta B, Aita SE, Barbaro E, Capriotti AL, Cerrato A, Laganà A, Montone CM, Piovesana S, Scoto F, Barbante C, Cavaliere C. Untargeted analysis of environmental contaminants in surface snow samples of Svalbard Islands by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159709. [PMID: 36309265 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, there is increasing attention on the contaminants of emerging concern (CECs), which include plasticizers, flame retardants, industrial chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products, since they have been detected even far away from pollution sources. The polar regions are not exempt from the presence of anthropogenic contaminants, and they are employed as a model for understanding the pollutant fate and impact. During the 2021 spring campaign, sixteen surface snow samples were collected close to the research station of Ny-Ålesund located on the Spitsbergen Island of the Norwegian Svalbard Archipelago. The samples were extracted by solid-phase extraction and analyzed by liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) following an untargeted approach. Compound tentative identification was obtained with the aid of the software Compound Discoverer, using both mass spectral database search and manual validation. Among the 114 compounds identified with a high confidence level in the snow samples, >80 have some commercial or industrial use (drugs, plasticizers, fragrances, etc.), therefore they could be of anthropogenic origin. Nonetheless, a clear contamination trend did not appear in the snow samples collected on eight different days during one month. The comparison with aerosol samples collected in the same area did not help identifying the source, either, since only a few compounds were in common, and they were mainly of natural origin. As such, the analysis of aerosol sample did not support possible long-range transport, also considering that compounds were detected mostly in the coarse fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Elsa Aita
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Elena Barbaro
- Institute of Polar Sciences-CNR, University of Venice, via Torino, 155, 30172 Venice-Mestre, Italy; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics & Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venice-Mestre, Italy.
| | - Anna Laura Capriotti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Andrea Cerrato
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Aldo Laganà
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Carmela Maria Montone
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Susy Piovesana
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Federico Scoto
- Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate, ISAC-CNR, S.P Lecce-Monteroni km 1.2, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Carlo Barbante
- Institute of Polar Sciences-CNR, University of Venice, via Torino, 155, 30172 Venice-Mestre, Italy; Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics & Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venice-Mestre, Italy.
| | - Chiara Cavaliere
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, p.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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Microplastic Interactions and Possible Combined Biological Effects in Antarctic Marine Ecosystems. Animals (Basel) 2022; 13:ani13010162. [PMID: 36611770 PMCID: PMC9817852 DOI: 10.3390/ani13010162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Antarctica and the Southern Ocean are the most remote regions on Earth, and their quite pristine environmental conditions are increasingly threatened by local scientific, tourism and fishing activities and long-range transport of persistent anthropogenic contaminants from lower latitudes. Plastic debris has become one of the most pervasive and ubiquitous synthetic wastes in the global environment, and even at some coastal Antarctic sites it is the most common and enduring evidence of past and recent human activities. Despite the growing scientific interest in the occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in the Antarctic environment, the lack of standardized methodologies for the collection, analysis and assessment of sample contamination in the field and in the lab does not allow us to establish their bioavailability and potential impact. Overall, most of the Southern Ocean appears to be little-affected by plastic contamination, with the exception of some coastal marine ecosystems impacted by wastewater from scientific stations and tourist vessels or by local fishing activities. Microplastics have been detected in sediments, benthic organisms, Antarctic krill and fish, but there is no clear evidence of their transfer to seabirds and marine mammals. Therefore, we suggest directing future research towards standardization of methodologies, focusing attention on nanoplastics (which probably represent the greatest biological risks) and considering the interactions of MPs with macro- and microalgae (especially sea-ice algae) and the formation of epiplastic communities. In coastal ecosystems directly impacted by human activities, the combined exposure to paint chips, metals, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), contaminants of emerging interest (CEI) and pathogenic microorganisms represents a potential danger for marine organisms. Moreover, the Southern Ocean is very sensitive to water acidification and has shown a remarkable decrease in sea-ice formation in recent years. These climate-related stresses could reduce the resilience of Antarctic marine organisms, increasing the impact of anthropogenic contaminants and pathogenic microorganisms.
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Perfetti-Bolaño A, Muñoz K, Kolok AS, Araneda A, Barra RO. Analysis of the contribution of locally derived wastewater to the occurrence of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Antarctic coastal waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158116. [PMID: 35988631 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) are emerging pollutants detected in many locations of the world including Antarctica. The main objective of this review is to discuss the influence of the human population on the concentration, distribution and biological effects of PPCPs across the Antarctic coastal marine ecosystem. We carried out a review of the scientific articles published for PPCPs in Antarctic, supported by the information of the Antarctic stations reported by Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs (CONMAP), Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) and Secretariat of the Antarctic Treaty (ATS). In addition, spatial data regarding the Antarctic continent was obtained from Quantarctica. Antarctic concentrations of PPCPs were more reflective of the treatment system used by research stations as opposed to the infrastructure built or the annual occupancy by station. The main problem is that most of the research stations lack tertiary treatment, resulting in elevated concentrations of PPCPs in effluents. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of Antarctic field stations in coastal areas allows for the release of PPCPs, directly into the sea, a practice that remains in compliance with the current Protocol. After their release, PPCPs can become incorporated into sea ice, which can then act as a chemical reservoir. In addition, there is no clarity on the effects on the local biota. Finally, we recommend regulating the entry and use of PPCPs in Antarctica given the difficulties of operating, and in some cases the complete absence of appropriate treatment systems. Further studies are needed on the fate, transport and biological effects of PPCPs on the Antarctic biota. It is recommended that research efforts be carried out in areas inhabited by humans to generate mitigation measures relative to potential adverse impacts. Tourism should be also considered in further studies due the temporal release of PPCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Perfetti-Bolaño
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile.
| | - Katherine Muñoz
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau 76829, Germany
| | - Alan S Kolok
- Idaho Water Resources Research Institute, University of Idaho, 875 Perimeter Drive, MS 3002, Moscow, ID 83843, USA
| | - Alberto Araneda
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Ricardo O Barra
- Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Centro EULA-Chile, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile; Instituto Milenio en Socio Ecología-Costera (SECOS), Santiago, Chile
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12
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Duarte B, Feijão E, Cruz de Carvalho R, Duarte IA, Marques AP, Maia M, Hertzog J, Matos AR, Cabrita MT, Caçador I, Figueiredo A, Silva MS, Cordeiro C, Fonseca VF. Untargeted Metabolomics Reveals Antidepressant Effects in a Marine Photosynthetic Organism: The Diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum as a Case Study. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11121770. [PMID: 36552278 PMCID: PMC9775013 DOI: 10.3390/biology11121770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The increased use of antidepressants, along with their increased occurrence in aquatic environments, is of concern for marine organisms. Although these pharmaceutical compounds have been shown to negatively affect marine diatoms, their mode of action in these non-target, single-cell phototrophic organisms is yet unknown. Using a Fourier-transform ion cyclotron-resonance mass spectrometer (FT-ICR-MS) we evaluated the effects of fluoxetine in the metabolomics of the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, as well as the potential use of the identified metabolites as exposure biomarkers. Diatom growth was severely impaired after fluoxetine exposure, particularly in the highest dose tested, along with a down-regulation of photosynthetic and carbohydrate metabolisms. Notably, several mechanisms that are normally down-regulated by fluoxetine in mammal organisms were also down-regulated in diatoms (e.g., glycerolipid metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signalling pathway, vitamin metabolism, terpenoid backbone biosynthesis and serotonin remobilization metabolism). Additionally, the present work also identified a set of potential biomarkers of fluoxetine exposure that were up-regulated with increasing fluoxetine exposure concentration and are of high metabolic significance following the disclosed mode of action, reinforcing the use of metabolomics approaches in ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Duarte
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Eduardo Feijão
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Cruz de Carvalho
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- cE3c, Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Edifício C2, Piso 5, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Irina A. Duarte
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Patrícia Marques
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório de FT-ICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marisa Maia
- Université de Lorraine, LCP-A2MC, F-57000 Metz, France
| | | | - Ana Rita Matos
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI—Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Plant Functional Genomics Group, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Cabrita
- Centro de Estudos Geográficos (CEG), Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território (IGOT), Universidade de Lisboa, Rua Branca Edmée Marques, 1600-276 Lisbon, Portugal
- Associated Laboratory Terra, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Isabel Caçador
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Figueiredo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- BioISI—Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Plant Functional Genomics Group, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta Sousa Silva
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório de FT-ICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos Cordeiro
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Laboratório de FT-ICR e Espectrometria de Massa Estrutural, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vanessa F. Fonseca
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre & ARNET—Aquatic Research Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
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Gabriela Elvir-Padilla L, Ileana Mendoza-Castillo D, Villanueva-Mejía F, Bonilla-Petriciolet A. Molecular aggregation effect on the antagonistic adsorption of pharmaceuticals from aqueous solution using bone char: DFT calculations and multicomponent experimental studies. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
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14
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Duarte B, Figueiredo A, Ramalhosa P, Canning-Clode J, Caçador I, Fonseca VF. Unravelling the Portuguese Coastal and Transitional Waters' Microbial Resistome as a Biomarker of Differential Anthropogenic Impact. TOXICS 2022; 10:613. [PMID: 36287893 PMCID: PMC9612280 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Portugal mainland and Atlantic archipelagos (Madeira and Azores) provide a wide array of coastal ecosystems with varying typology and degrees of human pressure, which shape the microbial communities thriving in these habitats, leading to the development of microbial resistance traits. The samples collected on the Portuguese northeast Atlantic coast waters show an unequivocal prevalence of Bacteria over Archaea with a high prevalence of Proteobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. Several taxa, such as the Vibrio genus, showed significant correlations with anthropogenic pollution. These anthropogenic pressures, along with the differences in species diversity among the surveyed sites, lead to observed differences in the presence and resistance-related sequences' abundance (set of all metal and antibiotic resistant genes and their precursors in pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria). Gene ontology terms such as antibiotic resistance, redox regulation and oxidative stress response were prevalent. A higher number of significant correlations were found between the abundance of resistance-related sequences and pollution, inorganic pressures and density of nearby population centres when compared to the number of significant correlations between taxa abundance at different phylogenetic levels and the same environmental traits. This points towards predominance of the environmental conditions over the sequence abundance rather than the taxa abundance. Our data suggest that the whole resistome profile can provide more relevant or integrative answers in terms of anthropogenic disturbance of the environment, either as a whole or grouped in gene ontology groups, appearing as a promising tool for impact assessment studies which, due to the ubiquity of the sequences across microbes, can be surveyed independently of the taxa present in the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Duarte
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre and ARNET—Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Andreia Figueiredo
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
- BioISI—Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Plant Functional Genomics Group, Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrício Ramalhosa
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre and ARNET—Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- OOM—Oceanic Observatory of Madeira, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
| | - João Canning-Clode
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre and ARNET—Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDITI), Edifício Madeira Tecnopolo Piso 0, Caminho da Penteada, 9020-105 Funchal, Portugal
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037, USA
| | - Isabel Caçador
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre and ARNET—Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Vanessa F. Fonseca
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre and ARNET—Aquatic Research Infrastructure Network Associated Laboratory, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisbon, Portugal
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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15
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Effect Biomarkers of the Widespread Antimicrobial Triclosan in a Marine Model Diatom. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081442. [PMID: 35892644 PMCID: PMC9330214 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present-day COVID-19 pandemic has led to the increasing daily use of antimicrobials worldwide. Triclosan is a manmade disinfectant chemical used in several consumer healthcare products, and thus frequently detected in surface waters. In the present work, we aimed to evaluate the effect of triclosan on diatom cell photophysiology, fatty acid profiles, and oxidative stress biomarkers, using the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum as a model organism. Several photochemical effects were observed, such as the lower ability of the photosystems to efficiently trap light energy. A severe depletion of fucoxanthin under triclosan application was also evident, pointing to potential use of carotenoid as reactive oxygen species scavengers. It was also observed an evident favouring of the peroxidase activity to detriment of the SOD activity, indicating that superoxide anion is not efficiently metabolized. High triclosan exposure induced high cellular energy allocation, directly linked with an increase in the energy assigned to vital functions, enabling cells to maintain the growth rates upon triclosan exposure. Oxidative stress traits were found to be the most efficient biomarkers as promising tools for triclosan ecotoxicological assessments. Overall, the increasing use of triclosan will lead to significant effects on the diatom photochemical and oxidative stress levels, compromising key roles of diatoms in the marine system.
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16
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Macro- and Microplastics in the Antarctic Environment: Ongoing Assessment and Perspectives. ENVIRONMENTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/environments9070093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The number of scientists and tourists visiting Antarctica is on the rise and, despite the management framework for environmental protection, some coastal areas, particularly in the Antarctic Peninsula region, are affected by plastic contamination. The few data available on the occurrence of microplastics (<5 mm) are difficult to compare, due to the different methodologies used in monitoring studies. However, indications are emerging to guide future research and to implement environmental protocols. In the surface and subsurface waters of the Southern Ocean, plastic debris >300 µm appears to be scarce and far less abundant than paint chips released from research vessels. Yet, near some coastal scientific stations, the fragmentation and degradation of larger plastic items, as well as microbeads and microfibers released into wastewater from personal care products and laundry, could potentially affect marine organisms. Some studies indicate that, through long-range atmospheric transport, plastic fibers produced on other continents can be deposited in Antarctica. Drifting plastic debris can also cross the Polar Front, with the potential to carry alien fouling organisms into the Southern Ocean. Sea ice dynamics appear to favor the uptake of microplastics by ice algae and Antarctic krill, the key species in the Antarctic marine food web. Euphausia superba apparently has the ability to fragment and expel ingested plastic particles at the nanoscale. However, most Antarctic organisms are endemic species, with unique ecophysiological adaptations to extreme environmental conditions and are likely highly sensitive to cumulative stresses caused by climate change, microplastics and other anthropogenic disturbances. Although there is limited evidence to date that micro- and nanoplastics have direct biological effects, our review aims at raising awareness of the problem and, in order to assess the real potential impact of microplastics in Antarctica, underlines the urgency to fill the methodological gaps for their detection in all environmental matrices, and to equip scientific stations and ships with adequate wastewater treatment plants to reduce the release of microfibers.
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Centurion VB, Silva JB, Duarte A, Rosa LH, Oliveira VM. Comparing resistome profiles from anthropogenically impacted and non-impacted areas of two South Shetland Islands - Maritime Antarctica. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 304:119219. [PMID: 35378202 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Whalers Bay, in Deception Island, has one of the most anthropogenically impacted areas in Maritime Antarctica. However, considering the volcanic nature (high concentrations of heavy metals) of Deception Island's soils, this putative anthropogenic impact should be carefully investigated. In this context, the objective of this study was to compare resistome profiles of impacted and non-impacted areas in Deception Island (Whalers Bay, Crater Lake, and Fumarole Bay) and Livingston Island (Hannah Point) in order to investigate the microbiome tolerance/resistance mechanisms selected as a function of environmental drivers. Metagenomics was used to search for genes conferring resistance/tolerance to antibiotics, biocides, and heavy metals. Whalers Bay has a greater diversity of antibiotic, biocide, and heavy metal resistance classes found in its microbiomes. However, Hannah Point, at Livingston Island, has a greater abundance of antibiotic and biocide resistance/tolerance genes. The microbiome of Deception Island's non-impacted areas (Crater Lake and Fumarole Bay) showed resistance/tolerance genes almost entirely to heavy metals. Pb was found in higher concentrations in Whalers Bay soil in comparison to the other areas, indicating human contamination. The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis revealed that Pb concentrations influenced resistome profiles in Whalers Bay soil. Despite the effect of Pb on the microbial communities of Whalers Bay, most heavy metal concentrations did not have a significant impact on resistome genes, suggesting that the volcanic soil heavy metal concentration of Deception Island has little biological influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- V B Centurion
- Microbial Resources Division, Research Center for Chemistry, Biology, and Agriculture (CPQBA), State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Paulínia, SP, CEP 13081-970, Brazil; Biology Institute, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, CEP: 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - J B Silva
- Microbial Resources Division, Research Center for Chemistry, Biology, and Agriculture (CPQBA), State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Paulínia, SP, CEP 13081-970, Brazil; Biology Institute, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, CEP: 13083-862, Brazil.
| | - Awf Duarte
- Federal University of Alagoas, Campus Arapiraca - UFAL, Arapiraca, AL, CEP 57309-005, Brazil.
| | - L H Rosa
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais - UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, CEP 31270-901, Brazil.
| | - V M Oliveira
- Microbial Resources Division, Research Center for Chemistry, Biology, and Agriculture (CPQBA), State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Paulínia, SP, CEP 13081-970, Brazil.
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18
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Kanwischer M, Asker N, Wernersson AS, Wirth MA, Fisch K, Dahlgren E, Osterholz H, Habedank F, Naumann M, Mannio J, Schulz-Bull DE. Substances of emerging concern in Baltic Sea water: Review on methodological advances for the environmental assessment and proposal for future monitoring. AMBIO 2022; 51:1588-1608. [PMID: 34637089 PMCID: PMC9005613 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-021-01627-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The Baltic Sea is among the most polluted seas worldwide. Anthropogenic contaminants are mainly introduced via riverine discharge and atmospheric deposition. Regional and international measures have successfully been employed to reduce concentrations of several legacy contaminants. However, current Baltic Sea monitoring programs do not address compounds of emerging concern. Hence, potentially harmful pharmaceuticals, UV filters, polar pesticides, estrogenic compounds, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, or naturally produced algal toxins are not taken into account during the assessment of the state of the Baltic Sea. Herein, we conducted literature searches based on systematic approaches and compiled reported data on these substances in Baltic Sea surface water and on methodological advances for sample processing and chemical as well as effect-based analysis of these analytically challenging marine pollutants. Finally, we provide recommendations for improvement of future contaminant and risk assessment in the Baltic Sea, which revolve around a combination of both chemical and effect-based analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Kanwischer
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Noomi Asker
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Medicinaregatan 18A, 41390 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ann-Sofie Wernersson
- Department for Management of Contaminated Sites, Swedish Geotechnical Institute, Hugo Grauers gata 5 B, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Marisa A. Wirth
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Kathrin Fisch
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Elin Dahlgren
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Stångholmsvägen 2, 178 93 Drottningholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Osterholz
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Friederike Habedank
- State Office for Agriculture, Food Safety and Fisheries, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Thierfelderstraße 18, 18059 Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Naumann
- Department of Physical Oceanography and Instrumentation, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
| | - Jaakko Mannio
- Centre for Sustainable Consumption and Production/Contaminants, Finnish Environment Institute, Latokartanonkaari 11, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Detlef E. Schulz-Bull
- Department of Marine Chemistry, Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, Seestraße 15, 18119 Rostock, Germany
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Abukhadra MR, Saad I, Othman SI, Allam AA, Fathallah W. Synthesis of Co3O4 @ Organo/Polymeric Bentonite Structures as Environmental Photocatalysts and Antibacterial Agents for Enhanced Removal of Methyl Parathion and Pathogenic Bacteria. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Leistenschneider C, Burkhardt-Holm P, Mani T, Primpke S, Taubner H, Gerdts G. Microplastics in the Weddell Sea (Antarctica): A Forensic Approach for Discrimination between Environmental and Vessel-Induced Microplastics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:15900-15911. [PMID: 34841863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c05207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Microplastic (MP) pollution has been found in the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, but many local regions within this vast area remain uninvestigated. The remote Weddell Sea contributes to the global thermohaline circulation, and one of the two Antarctic gyres is located in that region. In the present study, we evaluate MP (>300 μm) concentration and composition in surface (n = 34) and subsurface water samples (n = 79, ∼11.2 m depth) of the Weddell Sea. All putative MP were analyzed by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. MP was found in 65% of surface and 11.4% of subsurface samples, with mean (±standard deviation (SD)) concentrations of 0.01 (±0.01 SD) MP m-3 and 0.04 (±0.1 SD) MP m-3, respectively, being within the range of previously reported values for regions south of the Polar Front. Additionally, we aimed to determine whether identified paint fragments (n = 394) derive from the research vessel. Environmentally sampled fragments (n = 101) with similar ATR-FTIR spectra to reference paints from the research vessel and fresh paint references generated in the laboratory were further subjected to micro-X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (μXRF) to compare their elemental composition. This revealed that 45.5% of all recovered MP derived from vessel-induced contamination. However, 11% of the measured fragments could be distinguished from the reference paints via their elemental composition. This study demonstrates that differentiation based purely on visual characteristics and FTIR spectroscopy might not be sufficient for accurately determining sample contamination sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Leistenschneider
- The Man-Society-Environment Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Kurpromenade, 27498 Helgoland, Germany
| | - Patricia Burkhardt-Holm
- The Man-Society-Environment Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Mani
- The Man-Society-Environment Program, Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Vesalgasse 1, 4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Primpke
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Kurpromenade, 27498 Helgoland, Germany
| | - Heidi Taubner
- Organic Geochemistry Group, MARUM─Center for Marine Environmental Sciences and Faculty of Geosciences, University of Bremen, Leobener Str. 8, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Gunnar Gerdts
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung, Kurpromenade, 27498 Helgoland, Germany
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Ahmed MA, Quirino JP. Micelle to cyclodextrin stacking in open-tubular liquid chromatography using capillaries coated with surfactant admicelles. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 414:1415-1423. [PMID: 34773144 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In-line sample concentration by micelle to cyclodextrin stacking (MCDS) in open-tubular liquid chromatography (OT-LC) with UV detection is described. OT-LC of two sets of analytes (small-molecule drugs and neutral alkenylbenzenes) was by the use of a fused-silica capillary that was coated with admicelles of didodecyldimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB). These admicelles acted as a stationary chromatographic pseudophase. The mobile phase was 25 mM sodium tetraborate in 10% methanol, pH 9.2. MCDS was by long pressure injection of samples prepared in 10 mM hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) in 25 mM sodium tetraborate, pH 9.2 (buffer), followed by injection of 50 mM α-CD in buffer (CD solution). Stacking was by application of voltage at -20 kV prior to pressure-driven OT-LC. The factors that influenced MCDS such as type and concentration of CD, concentration of CTAB in the sample, injection time ratio of the sample and the CD solution and stacking time were studied. Under optimised conditions, sensitivity enhancement factors (SEFs) were between 19 and 23, linear ranges were between 0.5 and 10 µg/mL with r2 > 0.99 and inter-day/intra-day repeatability in retention time and peak area were ≤5.6% for the model small-molecule drugs. Application to real samples was by the determination of potentially toxic alkenylbenzenes (SEFs = 10 to 12) in basil-leaf and whole-clove extracts. The assay results were comparable to those obtained from an in-house high-performance liquid chromatography-UV method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Adel Ahmed
- Australian Centre for Research On Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia
| | - Joselito P Quirino
- Australian Centre for Research On Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, 7001, Australia.
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Applications of unmanned aerial vehicles in Antarctic environmental research. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21717. [PMID: 34741078 PMCID: PMC8571321 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01228-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Antarctica plays a fundamental role in the Earth's climate, oceanic circulation and global ecosystem. It is a priority and a scientific challenge to understand its functioning and responses under different scenarios of global warming. However, extreme environmental conditions, seasonality and isolation hampers the efforts to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the physical, biological, chemical and geological processes taking place in Antarctica. Here we present unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as feasible, rapid and accurate tools for environmental and wildlife research in Antarctica. UAV surveys were carried out on Deception Island (South Shetland Islands) using visible, multispectral and thermal sensors, and a water sampling device to develop precise thematic ecological maps, detect anomalous thermal zones, identify and census wildlife, build 3D images of geometrically complex geological formations, and sample dissolved chemicals (< 0.22 µm) waters from inaccessible or protected areas.
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Artificial Intelligence Meets Marine Ecotoxicology: Applying Deep Learning to Bio-Optical Data from Marine Diatoms Exposed to Legacy and Emerging Contaminants. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090932. [PMID: 34571809 PMCID: PMC8470171 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Our work is motivated by the increasing production of chemicals with environmentally harmful effects to our aquatic ecosystems. We show that it is possible to detect and distinguish the presence of several different emerging contaminants, using the photochemical responses of a microalgae species, which is among the most abundant phytoplankton group in the oceans. We use several machine learning and deep learning models that operate on chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves, which are composed of fluorescence values taken at different time steps from the microalgae exposure trials, achieving up to 97.65% accuracy when predicting the type of contaminant, and up to 100% in several cases when predicting the exposure concentration. Our results show the combination of these models with the fluorescence induction curves creates a powerful tool for ecotoxicity assessment, capable of classifying model organisms for their contaminant exposure, both in terms of type and concentration, opening new doors for toxicophenomics developments. Abstract Over recent decades, the world has experienced the adverse consequences of uncontrolled development of multiple human activities. In recent years, the total production of chemicals has been composed of environmentally harmful compounds, the majority of which have significant environmental impacts. These emerging contaminants (ECs) include a wide range of man-made chemicals (such as pesticides, cosmetics, personal and household care products, pharmaceuticals), which are of worldwide use. Among these, several ECs raised concerns regarding their ecotoxicological effects and how to assess them efficiently. This is of particular interest if marine diatoms are considered as potential target species, due to their widespread distribution, being the most abundant phytoplankton group in the oceans, and also being responsible for key ecological roles. Bio-optical ecotoxicity methods appear as reliable, fast, and high-throughput screening (HTS) techniques, providing large datasets with biological relevance on the mode of action of these ECs in phototrophic organisms, such as diatoms. However, from the large datasets produced, only a small amount of data are normally extracted for physiological evaluation, leaving out a large amount of information on the ECs exposure. In the present paper, we use all the available information and evaluate the application of several machine learning and deep learning algorithms to predict the exposure of model organisms to different ECs under different doses, using a model marine diatom (Phaeodactylum tricornutum) as a test organism. The results show that 2D convolutional neural networks are the best method to predict the type of EC to which the cultures were exposed, achieving a median accuracy of 97.65%, while Rocket is the best at predicting which concentration the cultures were subjected to, achieving a median accuracy of 100%.
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Procopio ZSD, Roberts JB, Hunter C, Pahl O. Multifactorial Evaluation of Atenolol, Caffeine, Carbamazepine and Ibuprofen on Raphidocelis subcapitata and Chlorella vulgaris. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:926. [PMID: 34571803 PMCID: PMC8466616 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Micropollutants in aquatic resources have raised global concerns regarding the conservation of ecosystems. Although they are usually found in the environment at trace concentrations to a maximum of several µg/L, it is still necessary to address the potential risks these pollutants may represent to organisms. A multifactor analysis was conducted using two algae as bioindicators. Four different pharmaceuticals were chosen based on their occurrence in domestic wastewaters and persistency after biological treatment processes ranging from 1/8th to four-fold representative environmental concentrations over 96 h exposure. The present multifactor analysis evaluated cell size, photosynthetic capacity and growth rate. These data were later combined into a simplified single entity: "the index effect". The results obtained showed that, even at concentrations below the environmentally relevant concentrations (ERC), the pharmaceuticals' residues (PRs), caused a cellular behavioural variation in both organisms. In addition, the algae cultures' response to exposure to these stressors was generally dependent on the concentration over time. By examining four different PR over three different characteristics of two types of algal bioindicators, this work covers significant and specific responses on the algae exposure cycle. This is unique research since most studies do not consider multiple parameters in the assessment of the environment risk for bioindicators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Colin Hunter
- School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Civil Engineering & Environmental Technology, Glasgow Caledonian University, 70 Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK; (Z.S.D.P.); (J.B.R.); (O.P.)
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