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Zheng R, Cheng M, Ma R, Schipper D, Pichugin K, Sciaini G. Solvent effects on the intramolecular charge transfer excited state of 3CzClIPN: a broadband transient absorption study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1039-1045. [PMID: 38093689 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04975b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The prediction of solvent properties using molecular probes often relies on correlating steady-state absorption and fluorescence measurements, as well as determining absorption maxima and/or Stokes shifts. In this study, we employ femtosecond broadband transient absorption (fs-bb-TA) spectroscopy to investigate the spectroscopic behaviour of the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) excited state of 3CzClIPN (2,4,6-tri(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-5-chloroisophthalonitrile), a representative ICT organic molecule, in both aromatic and non-aromatic solvents. Unlike observations in non-aromatic media, fs-bb-TA spectra of 3CzClIPN in aromatic solvents exhibit enhanced spectral broadening that strongly correlates with the solvent's polarity. We hypothesise that this spectral broadening originates from a wider configurational energy landscape experienced by the positively charged carbazole Cz+ group, owing to the larger size and, consequently, reduced solvation effectiveness of aromatic solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruofei Zheng
- The Ultrafast Electron Imaging Laboratory, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Meixin Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Ruishu Ma
- The Ultrafast Electron Imaging Laboratory, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Derek Schipper
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Kostyantyn Pichugin
- The Ultrafast Electron Imaging Laboratory, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Germán Sciaini
- The Ultrafast Electron Imaging Laboratory, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
- Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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2
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Lämmle M, Pilz TD, Kutta RJ, Müßler M, Mengele AK, Görls H, Heinemann FW, Rau S. Insights into the different mechanistic stages of light-induced hydrogen evolution of a 5,5'-bisphenanthroline linked RuPt complex. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15282-15291. [PMID: 36129360 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01727j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the synthesis in conjunction with the structural, electrochemical, and photophysical characterization of a 5,5'-bisphenanthroline (phenphen) linked heterodinuclear RuPt complex (Ru(phenphen)Pt) and its light-driven hydrogen formation activity are reported. A single crystal X-ray diffraction (SC-XRD) analysis identified a perpendicular orientation of the two directly linked 1,10-phenanthroline moieties. The disruption of π-conjugation blocks intramolecular electron transfer as evidenced by a comparative time-resolved optical spectroscopy study of Ru(phenphen)Pt and the reference complexes Ru(phenphen) and Ru(phenphen)Ru. However, reductive quenching is observed in the presence of an external electron donor such as triethylamine. Irradiating Ru(phenphen)Pt with visible light (470 nm) leads to H2 formation. We discuss a potential mechanism that mainly proceeds via Pt colloids and provide indications that initial hydrogen generation may also proceed via a molecular pathway. As previous reports on related heterodinuclear RuPt-based photocatalysts revealed purely molecular hydrogen evolution, the present work thus highlights the role of the bridging ligand in stabilizing the catalytic center and consequently determining the mechanism of light-induced hydrogen evolution in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Lämmle
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - T David Pilz
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany. .,Department Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roger Jan Kutta
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University Regensburg, Universitätsstraße 31, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Marius Müßler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Alexander K Mengele
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
| | - Helmar Görls
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Lessingstraße 8-10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Frank W Heinemann
- Department Chemistry and Pharmacy, Chair of Inorganic and General Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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3
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Kitamura T, Yamanishi K, Inoue S, Yan Y, Yano N, Kataoka Y, Handa M, Kawamoto T. Clamshell Palladium(II) Complexes: Suitable Precursors for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Kitamura
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Kanagawa University 2946 Tsuchiya Hiratsuka 259-1293 Japan
| | - Katsunori Yamanishi
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Kanagawa University 2946 Tsuchiya Hiratsuka 259-1293 Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Kanagawa University 2946 Tsuchiya Hiratsuka 259-1293 Japan
| | - Yin‐Nan Yan
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Kanagawa University 2946 Tsuchiya Hiratsuka 259-1293 Japan
| | - Natsumi Yano
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue 690-8504 Japan
| | - Yusuke Kataoka
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue 690-8504 Japan
| | - Makoto Handa
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Shimane University 1060 Nishikawatsu Matsue 690-8504 Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kawamoto
- Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Kanagawa University 2946 Tsuchiya Hiratsuka 259-1293 Japan
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4
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Zedler L, Wintergerst P, Mengele AK, Müller C, Li C, Dietzek-Ivanšić B, Rau S. Outpacing conventional nicotinamide hydrogenation catalysis by a strongly communicating heterodinuclear photocatalyst. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2538. [PMID: 35534473 PMCID: PMC9085789 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30147-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Unequivocal assignment of rate-limiting steps in supramolecular photocatalysts is of utmost importance to rationally optimize photocatalytic activity. By spectroscopic and catalytic analysis of a series of three structurally similar [(tbbpy)2Ru-BL-Rh(Cp*)Cl]3+ photocatalysts just differing in the central part (alkynyl, triazole or phenazine) of the bridging ligand (BL) we are able to derive design strategies for improved photocatalytic activity of this class of compounds (tbbpy = 4,4´-tert-butyl-2,2´-bipyridine, Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl). Most importantly, not the rate of the transfer of the first electron towards the RhIII center but rather the rate at which a two-fold reduced RhI species is generated can directly be correlated with the observed photocatalytic formation of NADH from NAD+. Interestingly, the complex which exhibits the fastest intramolecular electron transfer kinetics for the first electron is not the one that allows the fastest photocatalysis. With the photocatalytically most efficient alkynyl linked system, it is even possible to overcome the rate of thermal NADH formation by avoiding the rate-determining β-hydride elimination step. Moreover, for this photocatalyst loss of the alkynyl functionality under photocatalytic conditions is identified as an important deactivation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Zedler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Pascal Wintergerst
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Materials and Catalysis, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alexander K Mengele
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Materials and Catalysis, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Carolin Müller
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Chunyu Li
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek-Ivanšić
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany.
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology Jena, Department Functional Interfaces, Albert-Einstein-Straße 9, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena), Philosophenweg 7a, 07743, Jena, Germany.
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Materials and Catalysis, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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5
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Scalambra F, Díaz-Ortega IF, Romerosa-Nievas AM. Photo-generation of H2 by Heterometallic Complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:14022-14031. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01870e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple and different metals in a complex can accomplish single and sequential multi-step reactions, providing valuable procedures to obtain chemicals in one-pot synthetic routes. Biology has shown how cooperative catalysis...
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Yang Y, Brückmann J, Frey W, Rau S, Karnahl M, Tschierlei S. Electron Storage Capability and Singlet Oxygen Productivity of a Ru II Photosensitizer Containing a Fused Naphthaloylenebenzene Moiety at the 1,10-Phenanthroline Ligand. Chemistry 2020; 26:17027-17034. [PMID: 32519770 PMCID: PMC7820985 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
As a novel rylene type dye a diimine ligand with a fully rigid and extended π-system in its backbone was prepared by directly fusing a 1,10-phenanthroline building block with 1,8-naphthalimide. The corresponding heteroleptic ruthenium photosensitizer bearing one biipo and two tbbpy ligands was synthesized and extensively analyzed by a combination of NMR, single crystal X-ray diffraction, steady-state absorption and emission, time-resolved spectroscopy and different electrochemical measurements supported by time-dependent density functional theory calculations. The cyclic and differential pulse voltammograms revealed, that the naphthaloylenebenzene moiety enables an additional second reduction of the ligand. Moreover, this ligand possesses a very broad absorption in the visible region. In the RuII complex this causes an overlap of ligand-centered and metal-to-ligand charge transfer transitions. The emission of the complex is clearly redshifted compared to the ligand emission with very long-lived excited states lifetimes of 1.7 and 24.7 μs in oxygen-free acetonitrile solution. This behavior is accompanied by a surprisingly high oxygen sensitivity. Finally, this photosensitizer was successfully applied for the effective evolution of singlet oxygen challenging some of the common RuII prototype complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingya Yang
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Jannik Brückmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Sven Rau
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
| | - Michael Karnahl
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of StuttgartPfaffenwaldring 5570569StuttgartGermany
| | - Stefanie Tschierlei
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry IUlm UniversityAlbert-Einstein-Allee 1189081UlmGermany
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryTechnische Universität BraunschweigGaußstraße 1738106BraunschweigGermany
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7
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Staniszewska M, Kupfer S, Guthmuller J. Theoretical Investigation of the Electron-Transfer Dynamics and Photodegradation Pathways in a Hydrogen-Evolving Ruthenium-Palladium Photocatalyst. Chemistry 2018; 24:11166-11176. [PMID: 29768683 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Time-dependent density functional theory calculations combined with the Marcus theory of electron transfer (ET) were applied on the molecular photocatalyst [(tbbpy)2 Ru(tpphz)PdCl2 ]2+ in order to elucidate the light-induced relaxation pathways populated upon excitation in the longer wavelength range of its absorption spectrum. The computational results show that after the initial excitation, metal (Ru) to ligand (tpphz) charge transfer (MLCT) triplet states are energetically accessible, but that an ET toward the catalytic center (PdCl2 ) from these states is a slow process, with estimated time constants above 1 ns. Instead, the calculations predict that low-lying Pd-centered states are efficiently populated-associated to an energy transfer toward the catalytic center. Thus, it is postulated that these states lead to the dissociation of a Cl- and are consequently responsible for the experimentally observed degradation of the catalytic center. Following dissociation, it is shown that the ET rates from the MLCT states to the charge separated states are significantly increased (i.e. 104 -106 times larger). This demonstrates that alteration of the catalytic center generates efficient charge separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Staniszewska
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80233, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Julien Guthmuller
- Faculty of Applied Physics and Mathematics, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80233, Gdańsk, Poland
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8
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Lentz C, Schott O, Auvray T, Hanan G, Elias B. Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production Using a Red-Absorbing Ir(III)–Co(III) Dyad. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:10875-10881. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cédric Lentz
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecules, Solids
and Reactivity, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Olivier Schott
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Thomas Auvray
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Garry Hanan
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, Québec H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Benjamin Elias
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecules, Solids
and Reactivity, Université catholique de Louvain, Place Louis Pasteur 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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9
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Cao J, Zhou Y. Excited state relaxation processes of H 2-evolving Ru-Pd supramolecular photocatalysts containing a linear or non-linear bridge: a DFT and TDDFT study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:11529-11539. [PMID: 28425524 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07857e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the early-time excited state relaxation processes of bimetallic Ru-Pd supramolecular photocatalysts containing a linear 2,2':5',2''-terpyridine or a nonlinear 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine bridging ligand (BL) were investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TDDFT) approaches. The bridge based metal-to-ligand charge transfer triplet (3MLCT) state of the metal complex containing a linear bridging ligand was calculated to be the lowest energy triplet (T1) state which is closely related to the photocatalytic H2 production, while for that having a nonlinear bridging ligand, the T1 state is a Ru metal-centered (MC) triplet (3MCRu) state that is short-lived and rapidly decays to the ground electronic state (S0). Our simulation provides an alternative explanation for the smaller interligand electron transfer (ILET) rate in the Ru-Pd complex containing a linear bridge compared to the corresponding monometal Ru complex. Based on the calculation, we also suggest that the successive 3MLCT → 3MCRu → S0 conversion is responsible for the inefficiency of the Ru-Pd complex containing nonlinear bridge as a photocatalyst for H2 production. This study provides theoretical insights into the key steps of the photoinduced processes of the bimetallic H2-evolving supramolecular photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-material Science, Guizhou Synergetic Innovation Center of Scientific Big Data for Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550018, China
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10
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Lefebvre JF, Saadallah D, Traber P, Kupfer S, Gräfe S, Dietzek B, Baussanne I, De Winter J, Gerbaux P, Moucheron C, Chavarot-Kerlidou M, Demeunynck M. Synthesis of three series of ruthenium tris-diimine complexes containing acridine-based π-extended ligands using an efficient “chemistry on the complex” approach. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:16298-16308. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02944b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Novel multi-step chemistry on the complex strategy.
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11
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Kaufhold S, Petermann L, Staehle R, Rau S. Transition metal complexes with N-heterocyclic carbene ligands: From organometallic hydrogenation reactions toward water splitting. Coord Chem Rev 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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12
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Pfeffer MG, Pehlken C, Staehle R, Sorsche D, Streb C, Rau S. Supramolecular activation of a molecular photocatalyst. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:13307-15. [PMID: 25060863 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00761a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of the planar aromatic organic molecules anthracene and pyrene on the catalytic performance of the intramolecular hydrogen evolving photocatalyst [Ru(tbbpy)2(tpphz)PdCl2](PF6)2 functioning as a photocatalytic dyad have been studied. (1)H-NMR studies on [Ru(tbbpy)2(tpphz)PdCl2](PF6)2 and [Ru(tbbpy)2(tpphz)](PF6)2 show a pronounced interaction of pyrene with the ruthenium complexes due to π-π-interactions. The solid state structure of [Ru(tbbpy)2(tpphz)PdCl2]2[Mo8O24] shows a pronounced π-π-stacking of the polyaromatic ligands. In addition, dimerization constants for the complexes and association constants between the complexes and pyrene were determined. Studies on the photocatalytic hydrogen production show a decreased induction phase and increased turn over frequencies during the initial phase of the catalysis in the presence of anthracene and pyrene utilising the catalyst [Ru(tbbpy)2(tpphz)PdCl2](PF6)2 irrespective of the nature of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Pfeffer
- University of Ulm, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Materials and Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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13
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14
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Ritter K, Pehlken C, Sorsche D, Rau S. Optimized synthesis of a tert-butyl-phenyl-substituted tetrapyridophenazine ligand and its Ru(ii) complexes and determination of dimerization behaviour of the complexes through supramolecular “Fingerhakel”. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:8889-905. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt00214a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A high dimerization constant of a ruthenium complex is observed with the aid of 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The solid state molecular structure indicates that multiple π-interactions are the reason for strong dimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Ritter
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry I
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - C. Pehlken
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry I
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - D. Sorsche
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry I
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - S. Rau
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry I
- University of Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
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15
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Braumüller M, Schulz M, Sorsche D, Pfeffer M, Schaub M, Popp J, Park BW, Hagfeldt A, Dietzek B, Rau S. Synthesis and characterization of an immobilizable photochemical molecular device for H2-generation. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:5577-86. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt03730h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The immobilizable photocatalyst (4) was synthesized and successfully applied in visible-light-driven hydrogen-generation experiments, supporting its applicability in photoelectrosynthesis cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martin Schulz
- Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V
- D-07745 Jena
- Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Centre of Photonics
- Friedrich-Schiller University Jena
| | | | | | - Markus Schaub
- Universität Ulm
- Anorganische Chemie I
- D-89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Centre of Photonics
- Friedrich-Schiller University Jena
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Byung-Wook Park
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström
- Uppsala University
- SE-751 20 Uppsala
- Sweden
| | - Anders Hagfeldt
- Laboratory for Photomolecular Science (LSPM)
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology at Lausanne (EPFL)
- CH-1015 Lausanne
- Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Dietzek
- Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT) Jena e. V
- D-07745 Jena
- Germany
- Institute for Physical Chemistry and Abbe Centre of Photonics
- Friedrich-Schiller University Jena
| | - Sven Rau
- Universität Ulm
- Anorganische Chemie I
- D-89081 Ulm
- Germany
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16
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Kowacs T, Pan Q, Lang P, O'Reilly L, Rau S, Browne WR, Pryce MT, Huijser A, Vos JG. Supramolecular bimetallic assemblies for photocatalytic hydrogen generation from water. Faraday Discuss 2015; 185:143-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00068h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of supramolecular assemblies of the type [Ru(L-L)2(L′-L)MX2)]n+ are reported where L-L is 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy), 4,4′-di-tetra-butyl-bipyridine (tbbipy) or 4,4′-diethoxycarbonyl-2,2′-bipyridine (dceb), L-L′ is tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c:3′′,2′′-h:2′′′,3′′′-j]phenazine (tpphz), 2,2′:5′,2′′-terpyridine (2,5-bpp), 2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine, (2,6-bpp), 2,5-di(pyridine-2-yl)pyrazine (2,5-dpp) or 2,3-di(pyridine-2-yl)pyrazine (2,3-dpp), and MX2 is PdCl2, PtCl2 or PtI2. The photocatalytic behaviour with respect to hydrogen generation of these compounds and their ultrafast photophysical properties are discussed as a function of the nature of the peripheral ligands, the bridging ligands and the catalytic centre. The results obtained show how differences in the chemical composition of the photocatalysts can affect intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer processes and the overall photocatalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Kowacs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie I
- Universität Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Qing Pan
- Optical Sciences group
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
- The Netherlands
| | - Philipp Lang
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie I
- Universität Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Laura O'Reilly
- SRC for Solar Energy Conversion
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - Sven Rau
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie I
- Universität Ulm
- 89081 Ulm
- Germany
| | - Wesley R. Browne
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
- University of Groningen
- Groningen
- The Netherlands
| | - Mary T. Pryce
- SRC for Solar Energy Conversion
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - Annemarie Huijser
- Optical Sciences group
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
- University of Twente
- Enschede
- The Netherlands
| | - Johannes G. Vos
- SRC for Solar Energy Conversion
- School of Chemical Sciences
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
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White JK, Brewer KJ. A new Ru,Ru,Pt supramolecular architecture for photocatalytic H2 production. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:16123-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06463e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New RuRuPt complexes photocatalytically reduce H2O to H2 with enhanced efficiency and stability compared to Ru2RuPt analogues.
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Pfeffer MG, Zedler L, Kupfer S, Paul M, Schwalbe M, Peuntinger K, Guldi DM, Guthmuller J, Popp J, Gräfe S, Dietzek B, Rau S. Tuning of photocatalytic activity by creating a tridentate coordination sphere for palladium. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:11676-86. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01034e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Troian-Gautier L, Moucheron C. RutheniumII complexes bearing fused polycyclic ligands: from fundamental aspects to potential applications. Molecules 2014; 19:5028-87. [PMID: 24759069 PMCID: PMC6270827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19045028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, we first discuss the photophysics reported in the literature for mononuclear ruthenium complexes bearing ligands with extended aromaticity such as dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (DPPZ), tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3'',2''-h:2''',3'''-j]-phenazine (TPPHZ), tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3'',2''-h:2''',3'''-j]acridine (TPAC), 1,10-phenanthrolino[5,6-b]1,4,5,8,9,12-hexaazatriphenylene (PHEHAT) 9,11,20,22-tetraaza- tetrapyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c:3'',2''-l:2''',3'''-n]pentacene (TATPP), etc. Photophysical properties of binuclear and polynuclear complexes based on these extended ligands are then reported. We finally develop the use of binuclear complexes with extended π-systems for applications such as photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Troian-Gautier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP160/08, 50 av. F. D. Roosevelt, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
| | - Cécile Moucheron
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Photochimie, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), CP160/08, 50 av. F. D. Roosevelt, 1050 Bruxelles, Belgium.
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Halpin Y, Pryce MT, Rau S, Dini D, Vos JG. Recent progress in the development of bimetallic photocatalysts for hydrogen generation. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:16243-54. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52319e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Eckenhoff WT, Eisenberg R. Molecular systems for light driven hydrogen production. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:13004-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30823a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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