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Wang L, Chen Y, Li Z, Zhou Y, Li J, Lv X, Yu Z, Gao X. The Influences of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Social Support on Male Teenagers' Gaming Motivation: A Moderated Network Analysis. J Pediatr Health Care 2024; 38:486-496. [PMID: 38456863 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedhc.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Strong gaming motivations can lead to gaming-related health problems, but how gaming motivations are formed is unclear. Therefore, we examined the impact of early life experiences on gaming motivations. METHODS Questionnaire data on the gaming motivations, adverse childhood experiences, and social support of 2,171 teenaged online game players were modeled using moderated network analysis. RESULTS All adverse childhood experience components positively correlated with achievement and escapism motivations (weight range: 0.08-0.40). Social support from friends (weight = -0.04) negatively moderated the relationship between achievement motivation and other adverse childhood experiences and positively moderated (weight = 0.01) the relationship between escapism motivation and familial dysfunction. DISCUSSION The findings indicate that adverse childhood experiences foster negative gaming motivations. Additionally, social support moderates the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and gaming motivations. These findings offer valuable insights that nursing practitioners can apply to gaming-related health problem interventions and prevention in teenagers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Ling Wang, Psychological counselor, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.; Ling Wang, Psychological counselor, Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanyuan Chen
- Yanyuan Chen, Vice president of Huawei Technical School, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Zhen Li, Psychological counselor, School of Education, Sichuan Vocational and Technical College, Suining, China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Yuhong Zhou, Psychological counselor, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Jiayu Li, Psychological counselor, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Xin Lv, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhixiang Yu
- Zhixiang Yu, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuemei Gao
- Xuemei Gao, Professor of psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.; Xuemei Gao, Professor of psychology, Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China..
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Xie S, Cheng Q, Tan S, Li H, Huang T, Xiang Y, Zhou X. The efficacy and acceptability of group trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2024; 86:127-134. [PMID: 38219423 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Group trauma-focused cognitive behavior therapy (TF-CBT) is widely used to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents. However, the available evidence remains unclear. METHOD PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest Dissertations, LILACS, and international trial registers were searched from database inception to April 30, 2022. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared TF-CBT with any control condition for treating children and adolescents with PTSD. Analyses were performed using Review Manager version 5.3 and Stata 16.0. The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020206096). RESULTS Eleven RCTs involving 1942 patients were included. Group TF-CBT was significantly more effective than other treatments at post-treatment (standardized mean difference [SMD]: -0.43, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.65 to -0.22), follow-up (SMD: -0.33, 95% CI: -0.52 to -0.13), and in relieving depressive symptoms (SMD: -0.29, 95% CI: -0.49 to -0.09), but not in terms of acceptability. Subgroup analyses showed that group TF-CBT was superior to other treatments in studies including children with post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) (SMD: -0.54, 95% CI: -0.79 to -0.28) and psychiatric comorbidities (SMD: -0.48, 95% CI: -0.72 to -0.23). LIMITATIONS The small sample sizes of identified studies limited some findings. CONCLUSION When considering effectiveness at post-treatment and follow-up or the reduction of depressive symptoms, group TF-CBT could be a good choice for children and adolescents with PTSD. Among these patients, those with PTSS or psychiatric comorbidities may benefit the most.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Xie
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; College of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qisheng Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China; The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shiyu Tan
- College of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haomiao Li
- College of Pediatrics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tengyue Huang
- The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yajie Xiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Li J, Gao L, Bao R, Ji R, He Q, Tang X, Zhang W, Qu Z. Comparative efficacy for different age groups of psychological or psychosocial treatments on post-traumatic stress disorder: protocol for systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e066569. [PMID: 36639203 PMCID: PMC9843179 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It remains unknown whether psychological or psychosocial treatments for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have comparable effects across the life span. This study aims at comparing the effects of psychological/psychosocial treatments for PTSD between different age groups of youth, early-middle adults and late adults. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A systematic search will be conducted among thirteen electronic databases, including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, ERIC, PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, Published International Literature on Traumatic Stress, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, the Wanfang database, the Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP Database) and ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, from inception to 15 May 2022. Electronic searches will be supplemented by a comprehensive grey literature search in Conference proceedings and trial registries. Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing psychological or psychosocial treatments for PTSD with control conditions in all age groups will be included. The primary outcome is the between-treatments efficacy for PTSD that refers to the outcomes of the RCTs included in the meta-analysis. Effect sizes will be calculated for all comparisons and pooled with a fixed effects model or a random effects model. Differences in the efficacy of psychological/psychosocial therapies for PTSD across the age groups will be examined by stratified analyses and meta-regression analyses. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Data used in this study will be anonymised. These data will not be used for other purposes than research. Authors who supply the data will be acknowledged. The authors declare that no conflicts of interest exist. The findings of this study will be disseminated through briefing reports, publications and presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022334305.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Center for Behavioral Health & School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Liru Gao
- Center for Behavioral Health & School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiji Bao
- Center for Behavioral Health & School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Ji
- Center for Behavioral Health & School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Qianyun He
- Center for Behavioral Health & School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinfeng Tang
- Department of Psychology, Renmin University, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Center for Behavioral Health & School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiyong Qu
- Center for Behavioral Health & School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
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Spinazzola J, van der Kolk B, Ford JD. Developmental Trauma Disorder: A Legacy of Attachment Trauma in Victimized Children. J Trauma Stress 2021; 34:711-720. [PMID: 34048078 PMCID: PMC8453773 DOI: 10.1002/jts.22697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Developmental trauma disorder (DTD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been found to have both shared and unique traumatic antecedents. The present study was an independent replication, with the DTD Structured Interview and the Traumatic Events Screening Instrument administered to 271 children in mental health treatment in six U.S. sites. On an unadjusted basis, DTD (27.3% prevalence, N = 74) and PTSD (40.2% prevalence, N = 109) both were associated with traumatic physical assault or abuse, family violence, emotional abuse, caregiver separation or impairment, and polyvictimization. After controlling for PTSD, DTD was associated emotional abuse, OR = 2.9, 95% CI [1.19, 6.95], and traumatic separation from a primary caregiver, OR = 2.2, 95% CI [1.04. 4.60], both of which also were associated with caregiver impairment, physical assault/abuse, and witnessing family/community violence. Three traumatic antecedents associated with PTSD were not associated with DTD: noninterpersonal trauma, sexual trauma, and traumatic loss. Children exposed to both traumatic victimization and attachment trauma (36.2%) or attachment trauma alone (32.5%) were more likely than children exposed only to victimization (17.5%) or those with no history of victimization or attachment trauma (8.1%) to meet the symptom criteria for DTD, χ²(3, N = 271) = 17.68, p < .001. Study findings replicate and extend prior DTD field trial study results, showing that, although PTSD and DTD share traumatic antecedents, DTD is uniquely associated with traumatic emotional abuse and caregiver separation. Further research is needed to examine how specific trauma types contribute to the risk, course, and severity of DTD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bessel van der Kolk
- Department of PsychiatryBoston University School of MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Julian D. Ford
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Connecticut School of MedicineFarmingtonConnecticutUSA
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Tapson K, Doyle M, Karagiannopoulos V, Lee P. Understanding Moral Injury and Belief Change in the Experiences of Police Online Child Sex Crime Investigators: an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. JOURNAL OF POLICE AND CRIMINAL PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 37:637-649. [PMID: 34226793 PMCID: PMC8241533 DOI: 10.1007/s11896-021-09463-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the psychological and physiological impacts of moral injury within organizational contexts such as Internet Child Abuse Teams (hereafter abbreviated to ICAT), who are repeatedly exposed to trauma through viewing and grading graphic images of children being sexually abused. The aims of the current research were to explore the key features of, and contributing factors to, moral injury and trauma as experienced by Internet Child Abuse Teams, how these manifested and how these factors can be mitigated. Six participants were recruited from ICATs located at two police constabularies. Data were gathered using semi-structured interviews and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Findings indicated that the moral injury experienced by the participants was predominantly attributable to repeated exposure to traumatising images, with too little decompression time. Dysfunctional coping mechanisms, most commonly substance misuse, cognitive avoidance of distressing thoughts and emotional numbing, amplified the psychological and physical symptoms of anxiety. For many ICAT investigators, such tactics were attempts to manage the moral violations arising from their work and experienced as moral injury. These findings will be used to inform psychological review systems and interventions within policing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kit Tapson
- Creative and Cultural Industries, University of Portsmouth, Room 3.19, Eldon Building, Middle Street, Portsmouth, PO1 2DJ Hampshire UK
| | - Mark Doyle
- Occupational Health, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | | | - Peter Lee
- Creative and Cultural Industries, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, UK
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Vásquez D, Ponte L, Andrews AR, Garcia E, Terrazas-Carrillo E, Ojeda L, de Arrellano MA. Más allá de las barreras: Competency and practice considerations in language, cultural, and social issues when delivering group CPT to Hispanic immigrants. Int J Group Psychother 2019; 70:212-243. [PMID: 32616960 PMCID: PMC7332161 DOI: 10.1080/00207284.2019.1677469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
High rates of under-assessed trauma and psychiatric disorders, particularly posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been reported among Hispanic immigrants, especially as related to immigration trauma. Multiple studies have shown group cognitive processing therapy (CPT) to be an effective evidence-based practice (EBP) for treatment of PTSD across a number of clinical populations. To date, however, no studies have examined important competency and practice issues in linguistic, cultural, and ethical areas that group CPT providers should consider when delivering group CPT to Hispanic immigrants. This paper aims to outline these and provide future directions for research.
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