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Rakovski C, Lalli M, Gu J, Hobson M, Wollenhaupt-Aguiar B, Minuzzi L, Kapczinski F, de Azevedo Cardoso T, Frey BN. Childhood maltreatment as a predictor of substance use/misuse among youth: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024:105873. [PMID: 39243876 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to comprehensively describe whether experiencing a variety of childhood maltreatment types predicts a variety of substance use/misuse types among youth, beyond the narrow scope covered in previous systematic reviews on similar topics. A literature search was conducted in June, 2022 using PubMed, PsycInfo, and Embase. 58 studies (total participant n=170,749) were included. These studies were primarily organized by substance type outcomes including alcohol (n=43), cannabis (n=25), unspecified substances (n=25), and other specific substances (n=10). Results were further stratified by maltreatment type. For specific maltreatment and substance type combinations, the majority of studies indicated that childhood maltreatment was a significant predictor of substance use/misuse in youth. Of the 10 meta-analyses we conducted, significant associations were found for the majority (9/10) of maltreatment and substance type combinations. For instance, unspecified childhood maltreatment increased the probability of youth alcohol use by about four times, which was the highest relative risk found. In conclusion, this study shows that childhood maltreatment is a predictor of youth substance use/misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coral Rakovski
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mikayla Lalli
- Department of Kinesiology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jessica Gu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Madison Hobson
- Honours Integrated Science Program, School of Interdisciplinary Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bianca Wollenhaupt-Aguiar
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luciano Minuzzi
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Flavio Kapczinski
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Benicio N Frey
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Mood Disorders Treatment and Research Centre and Women's Health Concerns Clinic, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Wang DS, Chung CH, Hsu WF, Chen SJ, Chu DM, Chien WC, Tzeng NS, Fan HC. Higher Risk of Psychiatric Disorders in Children With Febrile Seizures: A Nationwide Cohort Study in Taiwan. Pediatr Neurol 2024; 154:26-35. [PMID: 38458101 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2024.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Febrile seizures occur commonly in children aged between six months and six years. A previous Danish study found a positive correlation between febrile seizures and the overall incidence of psychiatric disorders. This population-based nationwide observational study was conducted to investigate the association between febrile seizures and different psychiatric disorders in Taiwan and the associated risk factors. METHODS This cohort study used data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan-a nationwide claims database covering >99% of the Taiwanese population. The study period was from January 2000 to December 2015; the overall median follow-up time was 11.04 ± 10.95 years. Overall, 2464 children with febrile seizures diagnosed between 2000 and 2015 met the inclusion criteria, and 7392 children without febrile seizures matched by index year, age, and sex were included in the control cohorts. Febrile seizures and psychiatric disorders were measured as the exposure and main outcomes, respectively. RESULTS Children with febrile seizures (n = 2463) were at a high risk of psychiatric disorders (adjusted hazard ratio, 4.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.44 to 7.30; P < 0.001). The risk for anxiety was the highest (adjusted hazard ratio, 21.92; 95% CI, 11.40 to 34.05; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS When treating children with febrile seizures, particular attention should be paid to the symptoms of psychiatric disorders, as early referral may be beneficial for these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Der-Shiun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Fu Hsu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shyi-Jou Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Der-Ming Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Student Counselling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hueng-Chuen Fan
- Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Pediatrics, Tung's Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Tung's Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Rehabilitation, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
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Chai L. Perceived Community Belonging as a Moderator: Effects of Childhood Abuse on Health and Well-Being Among Middle-Aged and Older Canadians. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2024; 67:474-491. [PMID: 38466950 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2024.2326684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
This study examined the moderating role of perceived community belonging in the relationship between childhood abuse and health and well-being outcomes among Canadian individuals aged 55 and older. Using data from the 2014 Canadian General Social Survey (n = 14,416), multiple linear regression models revealed that women who experienced either childhood physical or sexual abuse reported poorer self-rated general and mental health, as well as lower life satisfaction, compared to those without such histories. The most pronounced effects were observed among women who experienced both types of abuse. For men, a similar pattern was evident only for those who experienced childhood physical abuse. Notably, among women, a strong sense of community belonging lessened the negative effects of both types of childhood abuse on all examined outcomes. These findings underscore the protective role of perceived community belonging against the consequences of childhood abuse for older women. They illuminate the crucial role of gerontological social workers and scholars in promoting community integration and support. Focusing on these areas, especially for those with traumatic histories, can potentially improve their overall health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chai
- Department of Sociology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Chen Y, Shen Q, Lichtenstein P, Gradus JL, Arnberg FK, Larsson H, D’Onofrio BM, Fang F, Song H, Valdimarsdottir UA. Incidence Trajectories of Psychiatric Disorders After Assault, Injury, and Bereavement. JAMA Psychiatry 2024; 81:374-385. [PMID: 38231519 PMCID: PMC10794980 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.5156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Importance Traumatic events have been associated with elevated risks of psychiatric disorders, while the contributions of familial factors to these associations remain less clear. Objective To determine the contribution of familial factors to long-term incidence trajectories of psychiatric disorders following potentially traumatic events. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study evaluated 3 separate cohorts of individuals residing in Sweden who were free of previous diagnosed psychiatric disorders when first exposed to assault (n = 49 957), injury (n = 555 314), or bereavement (n = 321 263) from January 1987 to December 2013, together with their unexposed full siblings, and 10 age-, sex-, and birthplace-matched unexposed individuals (per exposed individual). Cohorts were created from the Swedish Total Population Register linked to health and population registers. Data were analyzed from March 2022 to April 2023. Exposures Potentially traumatic events, including various types of assault, injuries, and bereavement (death of a child or of a spouse or partner), were ascertained from the Swedish national registers. Main Outcomes and Measures Incident psychiatric disorders were ascertained from the Swedish Patient Register. Flexible parametric and Cox models were used to estimate associations of potentially traumatic events with incident psychiatric disorders after multivariable adjustment. Results The median (IQR) age at exposure to assault, injury, and bereavement was 22 (18-31), 19 (8-40), and 60 (51-68) years, respectively. During a median (IQR) follow-up of 4.9 (2.2-8.2), 9.1 (4.1-15.6), and 8.1 (3.4-14.8) years, the incidence rates of any psychiatric disorder were 38.1, 13.9, and 9.0 per 1000 person-years for the exposed groups of the 3 cohorts, respectively. Elevated risk of any psychiatric disorder was observed during the first year after exposure to any assault (hazard ratio [HR], 4.55; 95% CI, 4.34-4.77), injury (HR, 3.31; 95% CI,3.23-3.38), or bereavement (HR, 2.81; 95% CI, 2.72-2.91) and thereafter (assault HR, 2.50; 95% CI, 2.43-2.56; injury HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.68-1.70; bereavement HR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.40-1.44). Comparable associations were obtained in sibling comparison (first year: assault HR, 3.70; 95% CI, 3.37-4.05; injury HR, 2.98; 95% CI, 2.85-3.12; bereavement HR, 2.72; 95% CI, 2.54-2.91; thereafter: assault HR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.84-2.02; injury HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.48-1.53; bereavement HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.31-1.38). The risk elevation varied somewhat by type of traumatic events and psychiatric disorders, with the greatest HR noted for posttraumatic stress disorder after sexual assault (sibling comparison HR, 4.52; 95% CI, 3.56-5.73 during entire follow-up period). Conclusions and Relevance In this study, the long-term risk elevation of psychiatric disorders after potentially traumatic events was largely independent of familial factors. The risk elevation observed immediately after these events motivates early clinical surveillance and mental health services for these vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Chen
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Qing Shen
- Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Advanced Study, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Paul Lichtenstein
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet
| | - Jaimie L. Gradus
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Filip K. Arnberg
- National Centre for Disaster Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Brian M. D’Onofrio
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Fang Fang
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Huan Song
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Unnur A. Valdimarsdottir
- Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre of Public Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
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Janiri D, Moccia L, Montanari S, Simonetti A, Conte E, Chieffo D, Monti L, Kotzalidis GD, Janiri L, Sani G. Primary emotional systems, childhood trauma, and suicidal ideation in youths with bipolar disorders. CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2023; 146:106521. [PMID: 37931544 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorders (BD) in youths are strongly associated with suicidal ideation. Childhood trauma is a prominent environmental stressor associated with both BD diagnosis and suicide. Primary emotional systems are altered in adult BD and may contribute to suicide risk in youths. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate primary emotional systems distribution patterns and childhood trauma in youths' BD with and without suicidal ideation (BD-IS, BD-NIS). PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING We assessed 289 participants, 103 youths with DSM-5 BD and 186 healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Primary emotional systems were obtained with Panksepp's Affective Neuroscience Personality Scale (ANPS), and history of childhood trauma using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Suicidal ideation was assessed through the Columbia Suicide Scale for the Rating of Suicide Severity (C-SSRS). The associations with suicidal ideation were tested using two different multivariate models. RESULTS Over 48 % of participants reported lifetime suicidal ideation and differed on clinical variables from BD-NIS. According to the first model (Wilk's Lambda = 0.72, p < 0.0001), BD-IS scored higher on Panksepp's ANGER and lower on PLAY and CARE than BD-NIS. Both BD-SI and BD-NSI scored higher on ANGER and SEEK and lower on PLAY and CARE than HCs. BD-IS reported more emotional abuse than BD-NIS. They also reported more emotional, sexual, and physical abuse, and emotional neglect than HCs. Only ANGER (OR = 1.13, 95 % CI = 1.01-1.26, Wald = 5.72) and CTQ-Emotional abuse (OR = 1.26, 95 % C.I. = 1.04-1.52, Wald = 5.72) independently predicted suicidal ideation. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the importance of assessing primary emotional systems and childhood trauma, in particular emotional abuse, in youths with BD at risk for suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfina Janiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Moccia
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Montanari
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Simonetti
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eliana Conte
- Early Intervention Unit, ASL Roma 3, 00152 Rome, Italy; Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Chieffo
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Monti
- Department of Psychology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios D Kotzalidis
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Janiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Bali P, Sonuga‐Barke E, Mohr‐Jensen C, Demontis D, Minnis H. Is there evidence of a causal link between childhood maltreatment and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder? A systematic review of prospective longitudinal studies using the Bradford-Hill criteria. JCPP ADVANCES 2023; 3:e12169. [PMID: 38054051 PMCID: PMC10694545 DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies report an elevated risk of maltreatment in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and elevated levels of ADHD in people who suffered childhood maltreatment (CM). However, the direction(s) of causality between CM and ADHD remain unclear-does ADHD create a context for CM, does CM cause ADHD, or both? Objective This study systematically reviews and qualitatively synthesizes the research evidence relating to this question using Bradford-Hill criteria for establishing causality-strength, temporality, dose-response and plausibility. Methods We conducted a systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, of prospective longitudinal studies examining both CM and ADHD. We then used Bradford-Hill criteria to assess the quality of evidence for a causal link between CM and ADHD. Results All 11 included studies demonstrated an association between CM and ADHD. Seven included evidence for temporality: five suggesting that CM precedes ADHD in the lifespan; two suggesting ADHD precedes CM. Four studies demonstrated a dose response relationship in which greater CM exposure was associated with elevated risk of ADHD. Studies presented a range of plausible mechanisms, including CM causing ADHD through biological programming, versus ADHD causing CM through parental stress. Conclusions The high quality prospective longitudinal studies reviewed confirm the association between ADHD and CM, but present conflicting evidence about the direction of causality and mechanisms underpinning this association. To better understand the complex interplay between CM and ADHD, more studies using new research designs will be required that can partition effects by type of CM and account for bidirectional effects and other complexities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paraskevi Bali
- University of GlasgowInstitute of Health and WellbeingGlasgowUK
| | - Edmund Sonuga‐Barke
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Christina Mohr‐Jensen
- Department of Child and Adolescent PsychiatryAalborg Psychiatric HospitalAalborg University HospitalAalborgDenmark
| | - Ditte Demontis
- Department of Biomedicine ‐ Human GeneticsAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric ResearchiPSYCHAarhusDenmark
| | - Helen Minnis
- University of GlasgowInstitute of Health and WellbeingGlasgowUK
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Su HC, Lin YH. Analyses of Criminal Judgments about Domestic Child Abuse Cases in Taiwan. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1237. [PMID: 37508734 PMCID: PMC10378539 DOI: 10.3390/children10071237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Child abuse has negative impacts on the well-being of children and often leads to adverse consequences, such as suicide, alcohol addiction, depression, and substance abuse. To better understand domestic child abuse in Taiwan, this study analyzed 73 criminal judgments (open-access documents) in which the victims of domestic child abuse were children below the age of 12 from the "Judicial Yuan Law and Regulations Retrieving System" database. There were 73 victims and 91 perpetrators involved. The results indicated that younger children were more likely to be victims of physical abuse, and the majority of death cases were committed by biological parents and cohabiting partners. The perpetrators tended to be young males with lower education. Male cohabiting partners appeared to be a high-risk population for child abuse. Approximately 63% of perpetrators experienced poverty, and 24.7% suffered from marital discord. In the 73 cases, 61.6% of the victims died, 21.9% were mildly injured, and 16.5% were severely injured. The sentencing was related to the level of injury, with perpetrators of mild injury sentenced to less than one year while perpetrators with victim death were sentenced to a longer period of imprisonment. It is suggested that parents at higher risk require greater financial and social support and should be educated on appropriate disciplinary techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Chih Su
- Department of Early Childhood Development and Education, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hxuan Lin
- Department of Early Childhood Development and Education, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung 41349, Taiwan
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Choi S, Kim JY, Kim E, Oh S. Intergenerational Transmission of Child Abuse Among Married Women in South Korea: A Multigroup Analysis of Empathetic Communication (TSL: Thanks, Sorry, and Love). JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:7315-7334. [PMID: 36789728 DOI: 10.1177/08862605221145719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Intergenerational transmission of child abuse (hereinafter referred to as ITCA) has been continuously reported. Supportive relations with others have also been discussed as a protective factor to prevent this cycle. However, research has mainly investigated supportive adult and peer relationships formed in childhood, with little discussion of the impact of supportive partner relationships formed after becoming an adult. This study examined whether empathetic communication (hereinafter referred to as TSL: "Thanks, Sorry, and Love") attenuates the transmission of married women's child abuse experiences to subsequent generations mediated by intimate partner violence (hereinafter referred to as IPV). TSL is a communication strategy that promotes positive communication between intimate partners. We expected TSL to promote positive communication between couples through a process of self-transformation. Data from 1,122 married women were obtained from a nation-wide survey conducted in South Korea. All the survey respondents lived with partners and their own children simultaneously. For this study, structural equation model multigroup analysis was conducted to determine whether the pathways would be attenuated by TSL levels, showing that a high level of TSL communication attenuated the ITCA mediated by IPV. However, this process was maintained in the low-level TSL group. TSL is thus a protective factor against the ITCA. The findings suggest that healing processes can occur not only through childhood relationships but also through those formed after adulthood. Ultimately, to help victims recover, it is necessary to expand communication programs such as TSL that help victims learn how to express their feelings through healthy relationships with their partners.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sehun Oh
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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9
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Lin CC, Chung CH, Chien WC, Tzeng NS. Pharmacotherapy May Attenuate the Risk of Child Abuse in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder from the Real-World Evidence. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2023; 33:59-68. [PMID: 36944094 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2023.0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Psychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), may serve as a risk factor for child abuse. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the association between children and adolescents with ADHD diagnosis and the risk of child abuse. The effectiveness of a pharmacological intervention on reducing the risk of child abuse was also assessed. A nationwide, population-based, retrospective with a matched-cohort study design was used. Data were from the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan over a 15-year period (2000-2015). Results: Increased risk of child abuse in the ADHD group was noticed and the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.797 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.245-2.388, p < 0.001). The Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significantly higher cumulative incidence in the ADHD group over the 15-year period (Log-rank test p < 0.001). ADHD patients with other psychiatric comorbidities had a higher risk of child abuse. Pharmacological treatment of either methylphenidate or atomoxetine was associated with a reduced risk of child abuse. The total adjusted HR was 1.466 (95% CI = 1.077-1.883, p < 0.001) in medicine group compared with the controls. Conclusions: ADHD was associated with a subsequent risk of child abuse in Taiwan. Pharmacological treatment could reduce the risk of child abuse in ADHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cian-Cian Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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10
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Chung CH, Lin IJ, Huang YC, Sun CA, Chien WC, Tzeng NS. The association between abused adults and substance abuse in Taiwan, 2000-2015. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:123. [PMID: 36823534 PMCID: PMC9951533 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04608-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether adults suffering from violence were at risk of substance abuse and provides insight into the relationship between male and female abusers and substance abuse from 2000 to 2015 in Taiwan. METHODS This study used data on outpatient, emergency, and inpatient visits for 2 million people enrolled in universal health insurance from 2000 to 2015. ICD-9 diagnosis codes 995.8 (abused adult) and E960-E969 (homicide and injury purposely inflicted by other persons) were defined in this case study, analyzing first-time violence in adults aged 18-64 (study group). Non-abused patients (control group) were matched in a 1:4 ratio, and the paired variables were gender, age (± 1 year), pre-exposure Charlson Comorbidity Index, and year of medical treatment. SAS 9.4 and Cox regression were used for data analysis. RESULTS A total of 8,726 people suffered violence (control group: 34,904 people) over 15 years. The prevalence of substance abuse among victims of violence was 78.3/104, 61.9/104, and 51.5/104 for tobacco use disorder, alcoholism, and alcohol abuse, respectively. The risk (adults, overall) of drug abuse, drug dependence, and alcoholism after exposure to violence (average 9 years) was 7.47, 7.15, and 6.86 times (p < 0.01), respectively, compared with those without violence. The risk (adults, males) of drug abuse, drug dependence, and alcohol abuse after exposure to violence (average 9 years) was 6.85, 6.27, and 6.07 times, respectively, higher than those without violence (p < 0.01). Risks of drug dependence, alcohol abuse and alcoholism (adults, females) after exposure to violence (average 9 years) were 14.92, 12.26, and 11.55 times, respectively, higher than non-abused ones (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION The risks of substance abuse, after adult violence, are higher than in those who have not suffered violent injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Hsiang Chung
- grid.260565.20000 0004 0634 0356School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, 11490 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.278244.f0000 0004 0638 9360Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, 11490 Taipei, Taiwan ,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association (TIPSPA), 11490 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Iau-Jin Lin
- grid.278244.f0000 0004 0638 9360Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, 11490 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ching Huang
- grid.260565.20000 0004 0634 0356School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, 11490 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.278244.f0000 0004 0638 9360Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, 11490 Taipei, Taiwan ,grid.412087.80000 0001 0001 3889Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), 10608 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- grid.256105.50000 0004 1937 1063Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, 242062 New Taipei City, Taiwan ,grid.256105.50000 0004 1937 1063Big Data Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, 242062 New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, 11490, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, 11490, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association (TIPSPA), 11490, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, 11490, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, 11490, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, 11490, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Adult abuse and poor prognosis in Taiwan, 2000-2015: a cohort study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2280. [PMID: 36474217 PMCID: PMC9724336 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14663-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the risk of poor prognosis regarding schizophrenic disorders, psychotic disorders, suicide, self-inflicted injury, and mortality after adult violence from 2000 to 2015 in Taiwan. METHODS This study used data from National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) on outpatient, emergency, and inpatient visits for two million people enrolled in the National Health Insurance (NHI) from 2000 to 2015. The case study defined ICD-9 diagnosis code N code 995.8 (abused adult) or E code E960-E969 (homicide and intentional injury of another). It analyzed first-time violence in adults aged 18-64 years (study group). 1:4 ratio was matched with injury and non-violent patients (control group). The paired variables were sex, age (± 1 year), pre-exposure to the Charlson comorbidity index, and year of medical treatment. Statistical analysis was conducted using SAS 9.4 and Cox regression for data analysis. RESULTS In total, 8,726 individuals experienced violence (case group) while34,904 did not experienced violence (control group) over 15 years. The prevalence of poor prognosis among victims of violence was 25.4/104, 31.3/104, 10.5/10,4 and 104.6/104 for schizophrenic disorders, psychotic disorders, suicide or self-inflicted injury and mortality, respectively. Among adults, the risks of suicide or self-inflicted injury, schizophrenic disorders, psychotic disorders, and mortality after exposure to violence (average 9 years) were 6.87-, 5.63-, 4.10-, and 2.50-times (p < 0.01), respectively, compared with those without violence. Among males, the risks were 5.66-, 3.85-, 3.59- and 2.51-times higher, respectively, than those without violence (p < 0.01), and they were 21.93-, 5.57-, 4.60- and 2.46-times higher than those without violence (p < 0.01) among females. CONCLUSION The risk of poor prognosis regarding schizophrenic disorders, psychotic disorders, suicide, or self-inflicted injury and mortality after adult violence was higher than in those who have not experienced a violent injury. Adults at the highest risk for violent suicide or self-inflicted injuries due to exposure to violent injuries -males were at risk for schizophrenia and females were at risk for suicide or self-inflicted injuries. Therefore, it is necessary for social workers and medical personnel to pay attention to the psychological status of victims of violence.
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12
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Schulz AC, Kasinger C, Beutel M, Fegert JM, Clemens V, Brähler E. Adverse childhood experiences growing up in East or West Germany or abroad. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:908668. [PMID: 36245878 PMCID: PMC9555308 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.908668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are potentially traumatic events that occur before the age of 18. The term encompasses various adverse childhood experiences, e.g., physical, psychological, and sexual abuse, physical and psychological neglect, and family dysfunction. Prevalence estimates for a broad spectrum of ACEs against the background of where childhood and adolescence were spent are scarcely available in Germany. This study examines the frequencies of adverse childhood experiences, considering growing up in East or West Germany or abroad and interacting with different age cohorts and gender. Methods A total of 5,018 individuals (51.4% female) aged 14 years and older were retrospectively assessed on adverse childhood experiences using questionnaires "adverse childhood experiences" (ACE). Logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between birth cohort, gender, and where a person grew up. Descriptive statistics and univariate analyses were used to calculate frequencies, proportions, and unadjusted associations for each variable. Results 37.4% (N = 1,878) of respondents reported experiencing at least one form of ACE. Individuals who grew up abroad report significantly more adverse childhood experiences than individuals in East or West Germany. Men and women who grew up in East Germany reported a lower rate of ACEs. We found significant effects for all predictors: Where childhood and adolescence were predominantly spent, year of birth, and gender. Significant differences in the prevalence of adverse childhood experiences within the gender groups were only found for sexual and physical abuse and substance dependence in the household. Conclusion The results suggest that the socio-political context plays an essential role in the experience of adverse childhood experiences, both in frequency and risk. Thus, child abuse and neglect studies should increasingly focus on societal risk and protection mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Christin Schulz
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Christoph Kasinger
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Manfred Beutel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörg M. Fegert
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty of the University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Vera Clemens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty of the University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Elmar Brähler
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
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13
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Fann LY, Lin IJ, Huang SH, Wang BL, Huang YC, Yu CP, Cheng CC, Sun CA, Hsu CW, Chien WC, Lu CH. Adults Suffering from Violence Are at Risk of Poor Prognosis in Taiwan, 2000-2015. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10081470. [PMID: 36011125 PMCID: PMC9407952 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10081470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To understand the risk of developing a poor prognosis in adulthood after violent injury in Taiwan. Methods: This study used the data of outpatients, from emergency departments, and from hospitalization of 2 million people under National Health Insurance from 2000 to 2015. The ICD-9 diagnostic code N-code was defined as the case of this study and was 995.8 (abused adult) or E-code was E960-E969 (homicide and intentional injury by others) The first violent injury of 18−64-year-old adults (the study group) was analyzed. Patients who had not suffered violent abuse were the control group. The groups were matched in a 1:4 ratio, and the paired variables were gender, age ±1 year, Charlson Comorbidity index (CCI) before exposure, and year of medical treatment. SAS 9.4 statistical software was used, and the Cox regression method was used for data analysis. Results: During the 15-year period, a total of 8726 people suffered from violence (34,904 controls). The incidences of common poor prognoses among the victims of violence were sleep disorder, anxiety, and depression, in 33.9%, 21.6%, and 13.2% of people, respectively. The risk (Adults, Overall) of developing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), bipolar disorder, and manic disorder after being violently injured (average 9 years) was 34.86, 4.4, and 4.1 times higher than those who had not suffered violence (all p values < 0.01). The risk (Adults, Males) of developing PTSD, bipolar disorder, and manic disorder after being violently injured (average 9 years) was 30.0, 3.81, and 2.85 times higher, respectively, than those who had not suffered violence (all p values < 0.01). The risk (Adults, Females) of developing PTSD, manic disorder, and bipolar disorder after being violently injured (average 9 years) was 36.8, 6.71, and 5.65 times higher, respectively, than of those who had not suffered violence (all p values < 0.01). Conclusion: The risks of poor prognosis are higher in adults who have suffered violent abuse than in those who have not. Therefore, police, social workers, and medical personnel should pay attention to the mental state of victims of violence. They should aim to support prompt treatment, to avoid PTSD, bipolar disorder, manic disorder, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yun Fann
- Department of Nursing, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10341, Taiwan
- Department of Nurse-Midwifery and Women Health, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11220, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Iau-Jin Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Hao Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Long Wang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Ching Huang
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology (Taipei Tech), Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Peng Yu
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chien Cheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli 32001, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics/Gynecology, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10341, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
- Big Data Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wei Hsu
- Department of Nursing, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10341, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.H.); (W.-C.C.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association (TIPSPA), Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.H.); (W.-C.C.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Chieh-Hua Lu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-W.H.); (W.-C.C.); (C.-H.L.)
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14
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Real-World Evidence for the Association between Heat-Related Illness and the Risk of Psychiatric Disorders in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138087. [PMID: 35805746 PMCID: PMC9265553 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between the heat-related illness (HRI) and the risk of developing psychiatric disorders. From 2000 to 2015, there were 3126 patients with newly diagnosed HRI selected from the National Health Insurance Research Database, along with 31,260 controls matched for gender and age. Fine and Gray’s analysis was used to compare the risk of psychiatric disorders during the 16 years of follow-up. Among the subjects, 523 of the HRI patients and 3619 of the control group (1774.18 vs. 1193.78 per 100,000 person-years) developed psychiatric disorders. Compared with non-HRI patients, the HRI ones had a 3.849-fold risk of being attacked by psychiatric disorders (95% CI: 3.632−4.369, p < 0.001) after adjusting for potential confounders. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the relationship between the HRI and the listed psychiatric disorders was determined by the exclusion of the first-year psychiatric events after the HRI. In spite of deleting the psychiatric diagnoses of the first five years, the HRI was still correlated with the development of psychiatric disorders with the exception of schizophreniform disorders, posttraumatic stress disorders, and acute stress disorder. Therefore, our findings concluded that the HRI could be a potential influence on the increased hazard of psychiatric disorders.
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15
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Exposure of Child Maltreatment Leads to a Risk of Mental Illness and Poor Prognosis in Taiwan: A Nationwide Cohort Study from 2000 to 2015. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19084803. [PMID: 35457668 PMCID: PMC9030582 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19084803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether children with maltreatment exposure were associated with the risk of psychiatric disorders, suicide, and death. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, with 1592 child maltreatment cases and 6368 comparison cohort (1:4) matched for gender, age, and index year, from the Longitudinal Generation Tracking Database (LGTD2000) sampled from Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in 2000, backtracking between 2000−2015 in Taiwan. The stratified Cox regression model was used to compare the risk of developing a mental illness and poor prognosis during the 15 years of follow-up. Results: There were 473 in the cohort with child maltreatment (675.10 cases per 100,000 person years) and 1289 in the comparison cohort (453.82 cases per 100,000 person years) that developed mental illness and poor prognosis. The stratified Cox regression model revealed that the adjusted hazard ratio (HR) was 1.91 to 11.76 (p < 0.05) after adjusting for monthly income level, occupation, and CCI after violence. Conclusion: Exposure to child maltreatment is associated with the risk of psychiatric disorders, but not suicide or death. This finding could be a reminder for clinicians about the mental health problems in patients with child maltreatment.
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Association between long-term usage of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and lung cancer in the elderly: a nationwide cohort study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3531. [PMID: 35241672 PMCID: PMC8894396 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-06377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the association between acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEI) usage and the risk of lung cancer. Data from 116,106 new users of AChEI and 348,318, at a ratio of 1:3, matched by age, sex, and index-year, between 2000 and 2015 controls were obtained from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database in this cohort study. The Cox regression model was used to compare the risk of lung cancer. The adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) of lung cancer for AChEI users was 1.198 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.765–1.774, p = 0.167). However, the adjusted HR for patients aged ≥ 65 was adjusted to HR: 1.498 (95% CI = 1.124–1.798, p < 0.001), in contrast to the comparison groups. In addition, patients with comorbidities such as pneumonia, bronchiectasis, pneumoconiosis, pulmonary alveolar pneumonopathy, hypertension, stroke, coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, depression, anxiety, smoking-related diseases, dementia, and seeking medical help from medical centers and regional hospitals, were associated with a higher risk in lung cancer. Furthermore, longer-term usage of rivastigmine (366–730 days, ≥ 731 days) and galantamine (≥ 731 days) was associated with the risk of lung cancer. AChEI increased the risk of lung cancer in the older aged patients, several comorbidities, and a longer-term usage of rivastigmine and galantamine. Therefore, physicians should estimate the risks and benefits of AChEI usage and avoid prescribing antidepressants concurrently.
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17
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Schønning V, Sivertsen B, Hysing M, Dovran A, Askeland KG. Childhood maltreatment and sleep in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 63:101617. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Yang HY, Chien WC, Chung CH, Su RY, Lai CY, Yang CC, Tzeng NS. Risk of dementia in patients with toxoplasmosis: a nationwide, population-based cohort study in Taiwan. Parasit Vectors 2021; 14:435. [PMID: 34454590 PMCID: PMC8401101 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04928-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Approximately 25–30% of individuals worldwide are infected with Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), which is difficult to detect in its latent state. We aimed to evaluate the association between toxoplasmosis, the risk of dementia, and the effects of antibiotics in Taiwan. Methods This nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database containing the records of 2 million individuals retrieved from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database. Fine–Gray competing risk analysis was used to determine the risk for the development of dementia in the toxoplasmosis cohort relative to the non-toxoplasmosis cohort. A sensitivity analysis was also conducted. The effects of antibiotics (sulfadiazine or clindamycin) on the risk of dementia were also analyzed. Results We enrolled a total of 800 subjects, and identified 200 patients with toxoplasmosis and 600 sex- and age-matched controls without toxoplasmosis infection in a ratio of 1:3, selected between 2000 and 2015. The crude hazard ratio (HR) of the risk of developing dementia was 2.570 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.511–4.347, P < 0.001]. After adjusting for sex, age, monthly insurance premiums, urbanization level, geographical region, and comorbidities, the adjusted HR was 2.878 (95% CI = 1.709–4.968, P < 0.001). Sensitivity analysis revealed that toxoplasmosis was associated with the risk of dementia even after excluding diagnosis in the first year and the first 5 years. The usage of sulfadiazine or clindamycin in the treatment of toxoplasmosis was associated with a decreased risk of dementia. Conclusions This finding supports the evidence that toxoplasmosis is associated with dementia and that antibiotic treatment against toxoplasmosis is associated with a reduced risk of dementia. Further studies are necessary to explore the underlying mechanisms of these associations. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-021-04928-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yi Yang
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Yu Su
- Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yu Lai
- Graduate Institute of Aerospace and Undersea Medicine, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chi Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Taoyuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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19
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Yeh HW, Chien WC, Chung CH, Chang HA, Kao YC, Tzeng NS. Eating disorders and the risk of esophageal and stomach cancers-A nationwide, population-based cohort study in Taiwan. Int J Eat Disord 2021; 54:959-968. [PMID: 32914482 DOI: 10.1002/eat.23367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown elevated cancer risk in anorexia nervosa but the literature on other eating disorders (EDs) is scarce. This study aimed to investigate the association between all EDs and esophageal, stomach, and other cancers. METHODS We used a retrospective cohort design, based on a two-million randomized longitudinal health insurance dataset, a sub-dataset of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. From all the potential participants aged 20 years or more, a total of 6,628 participants were enrolled, including 1,657 patients with EDs, with sex-, age-, and indexed date-matched (1:3) 4,971 controls. Each participant was individually tracked from 2000 to 2015 to identify incident cases of cancers, including esophageal cancer (EC), stomach cancer (SC), and all other cancers (AOC). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was employed to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between EDs and cancer. RESULTS Of the total 6,628 enrollees, 222 in 1,657 individuals with EDs and 810 in the 4,971 non-ED control individuals developed cancer (1,262.40 vs. 1,472.15 per 100,000 person-years), and the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was not statistically significant (log-rank, p = .324). However, after adjusting for covariates, the risk of EC and SC among the individuals with an ED was significantly higher, with adjusted HRs of 5.32 (95% CI: 1.07-26.49, p < .001) and 4.61 (95% CI: 1.91-11.14, p < .001), respectively. EDs were not associated with other cancers. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence for the association between EDs and the risk for EC and SC. Further research on mechanisms and prevention is therefore needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Wen Yeh
- Institute of Bioinformatics and System Biology, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, and School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Chen Kao
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Song-Shan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Hu JM, Lee CC, Lin TC, Chung CH, Chen CY, Chang PK, Hsiao CW, Sun CA, Tzeng NS, Chien WC. Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:537137. [PMID: 33613335 PMCID: PMC7892783 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.537137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between attention-deficit hypersensitivity disorder (ADHD) and the risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) is, as yet, to be investigated, and thus, we have conducted this nationwide, cohort study to examine the association in patients from Taiwan. Methods: In this study, 798 individuals with newly diagnosed ADHD and 2,394 (1:3) age-, gender-, and index year- matched controls without ADHD were enrolled, between 2000 and 2013, from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database, a subset of the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. The cumulative incidence of CRC was assessed in each cohort by the Kaplan-Meier method. The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the crude, and the adjusted hazards ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), was conducted to estimate the association between ADHD and CRC. Results: The Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the cumulative incidence of CRC was significantly higher in patients with ADHD than in those without it (log rank test, p < 0.001). After adjustments for age, gender, comorbidities, and other covariates, the ADHD group was associated with an increased risk of CRC in comparison to the non-ADHD group (adjusted HR = 3.458, 95% CI = 1.640-7.293, p < 0.001). In addition, the usage of methylphenidate was not associated with the risk of developing CRC in patients with ADHD. Conclusion: This retrospective cohort study depicts the evidence that ADHD was associated with the increased risk of CRC. Further studies are needed to confirm the association and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Je-Ming Hu
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Medical Informatics Office, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Medical Informatics Office, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Artificial Intelligence Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chiao Lin
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yang Chen
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pi-Kai Chang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Wen Hsiao
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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21
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Huang YC, Chien WC, Chung CH, Chang HA, Kao YC, Wan FJ, Huang SH, Chung RJ, Wang RS, Wang BL, Tzeng NS, Sun CA. Risk of Psychiatric Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study in an Asian Population. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2021; 17:587-604. [PMID: 33654401 PMCID: PMC7910105 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s268360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease that can damage neurons in the brain and spinal cord and is associated with several psychiatric disorders. However, few studies have evaluated the risk of psychiatric disorders in patients with MS by using a nationwide database. This study investigated the association between MS and the risk of psychiatric disorders. METHODS Using data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2000 to 2015, we identified 1066 patients with MS. After adjustment for confounding factors, Fine and Gray's competing risk model was used to compare the risk of psychiatric disorders during 15 years of follow-up. RESULTS Of the patients with MS, 531 (4622.86 per 105 person years) developed psychiatric disorders; by contrast, 891 of the 3198 controls (2485.31 per 105 person years) developed psychiatric disorders. Fine and Gray's competing risk model revealed an adjusted hazard ratio (HR) of 5.044 (95% confidence interval = 4.448-5.870, p < 0.001) after adjustment for all the covariates. MS was associated with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, sleep disorders, schizophrenia, schizophreniform disorder, and other psychotic disorders (adjusted HR: 12.464, 4.650, 6.987, 9.103, 2.552, 2.600, 2.441, and 2.574, respectively; all p < 0.001). Some disease-modifying drugs were associated with a lower risk of anxiety or depression. CONCLUSION Patients with MS were determined to have a higher risk of developing a wide range of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Ching Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Kao
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Song-Shan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Jung Wan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shi-Hao Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ren-Jei Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Richard S Wang
- Program of Data Analytic and Business Computing, Stern School of Business, New York University, USA
| | - Bing-Long Wang
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Song-Shan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-An Sun
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Big Data Research Center, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
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22
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Reddaway J, Brydges NM. Enduring neuroimmunological consequences of developmental experiences: From vulnerability to resilience. Mol Cell Neurosci 2020; 109:103567. [PMID: 33068720 PMCID: PMC7556274 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system is crucial for normal neuronal development and function (neuroimmune system). Both immune and neuronal systems undergo significant postnatal development and are sensitive to developmental programming by environmental experiences. Negative experiences from infection to psychological stress at a range of different time points (in utero to adolescence) can permanently alter the function of the neuroimmune system: given its prominent role in normal brain development and function this dysregulation may increase vulnerability to psychiatric illness. In contrast, positive experiences such as exercise and environmental enrichment are protective and can promote resilience, even restoring the detrimental effects of negative experiences on the neuroimmune system. This suggests the neuroimmune system is a viable therapeutic target for treatment and prevention of psychiatric illnesses, especially those related to stress. In this review we will summarise the main cells, molecules and functions of the immune system in general and with specific reference to central nervous system development and function. We will then discuss the effects of negative and positive environmental experiences, especially during development, in programming the long-term functioning of the neuroimmune system. Finally, we will review the sparse but growing literature on sex differences in neuroimmune development and response to environmental experiences. The immune system is essential for development and function of the central nervous system (neuroimmune system) Environmental experiences can permanently alter neuroimmune function and associated brain development Altered neuroimmune function following negative developmental experiences may play a role in psychiatric illnesses Positive experiences can promote resilience and rescue the effects of negative experiences on the neuroimmune system The neuroimmune system is therefore a viable therapeutic target for preventing and treating psychiatric illnesses
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Reddaway
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK
| | - Nichola M Brydges
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Hadyn Ellis Building, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UK.
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23
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Tzeng NS, Chung CH, Chang CC, Chang HA, Kao YC, Chang SY, Chien WC. What could we learn from SARS when facing the mental health issues related to the COVID-19 outbreak? A nationwide cohort study in Taiwan. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:339. [PMID: 33024072 PMCID: PMC7538046 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-01021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There were several studies about the psychiatric and mental health issues related to the severe adult respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak in 2003, however, the association between SARS and the overall risk of psychiatric disorders and suicides has, as yet, to be studied in Taiwan. The aim of this study is to examine as to whether SARS is associated with the risk of psychiatric disorders and suicide. A total of 285 patients with SARS and 2850 controls without SARS (1:10) matched for sex, age, insurance premium, comorbidities, residential regions, level of medical care, and index date were selected between February 25 and June 15, 2003 from the Inpatient Database Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. During the 12-year follow-up, in which 79 in the SARS cohort and 340 in the control group developed psychiatric disorders or suicide (4047.41 vs. 1535.32 per 100,000 person-years). Fine and Gray's survival analysis revealed that the SARS cohort was associated with an increased risk of psychiatric disorders and suicide, and the adjusted subdistribution HR (sHR) was 2.805 (95% CI: 2.182-3.605, p < 0.001) for psychiatric disorders and suicide. The SARS cohort was associated with anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder/acute stress disorder (PTSD/ASD), and suicide. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the SARS group was associated with anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, PTSD/ASD, and suicide after the individuals with a diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and suicide were excluded within the first year, and with anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders, while those in the first five years were excluded. In conclusion, SARS was associated with the increased risk of psychiatric disorders and suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Chia Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Kao
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Song-Shan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Yueh Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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24
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Risk of incident gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in patients with sleep disorders: a population-based cohort study. Sleep Biol Rhythms 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41105-020-00282-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Tzeng NS, Chien WC, Chung CH, Chang HA, Kao YC, Liu YP. Association between amphetamine-related disorders and dementia-a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7:1284-1295. [PMID: 32608133 PMCID: PMC7448166 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We have conducted a study to clarify the association between amphetamine‐related disorders (ARD) and the risk of developing dementia. Methods This study used a retrospective cohort design by using Taiwan’s National Health Research Institute Database. A random sample of 68,300 subjects between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2015, was obtained, comprising of 17,075 patients with ARD, and 51,225 controls without ARD (1:3), matched for gender and age group. After adjusting for covariates, a Fine and Gray’s survival analysis (competing with mortality) was used to compare the risk of dementia during a 15‐year follow‐up period. Results In the present study, 1,751 of 17,075 patients with ARD and 2,147 of 51,225 in the control group without ARD (883.10 vs 342.83 per 100,000 person‐years) developed dementia. ARD cohort was more likely to develop dementia (hazard ratio = 4.936 [95% CI: 4.609–5.285, P < 0.001). After adjusting for gender, age groups, education, monthly insured premiums, urbanization level, geographic region, comorbidities, the hazard ratio for ARD patients was 5.034 (95% CI: 4.701–5.391, P < 0.001). ARD has been associated with overall dementia, Alzheimer dementia, vascular dementia, and other dementia. Both the amphetamine use disorder and amphetamine‐induced psychotic disorders were associated with the risk of overall dementia, Alzheimer dementia, vascular dementia, and other dementia. Interpretation This study shows that patients with ARD, both the amphetamine use disorder and the amphetamine‐induced psychotic disorder, may have a nearly fivefold risk of developing dementia, including Alzheimer dementia and other types of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Chen Kao
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Song-Shan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yia-Ping Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Psychiatry, Chen-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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26
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Hsing SC, Jin YT, Tzeng NS, Chung CH, Chen TY, Chang HA, Kao YC, Chien WC. Is Agomelatine Associated with Less Sedative-Hypnotic Usage in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder? A Nationwide, Population-Based Study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:1727-1736. [PMID: 32801707 PMCID: PMC7384877 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s257723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine the association between the usage of agomelatine in patients with major depressive disorder and the usage of sedative-hypnotics. METHODS This population-based, cross-sectional study used Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) between 2012 and 2015. The agomelatine-only group and matched control (1:3) with the usage of other antidepressants were enrolled. The association between the usage of the agomelatine and other antidepressants and the usage of sedative-hypnotics in the patients were also assessed. RESULTS A total of 7961 subjects were enrolled comprising 1985 with the usage of agomelatine only, and 5976 with other antidepressants. In the present study, a total of 3322 subjects who used the sedative-hypnotics were recorded, with 811 (40.86%) from the agomelatine-only group and 2511 (42.02%) from the non-agomelatine group, which have used sedative-hypnotics. After adjusting for covariates, the odds ratio (OR) of the usage of sedative-hypnotics in the agomelatine only-group was 0.892 (95% CI: 0.306-1.601, p = 0.533), in comparison to the controls, and the relative risk (RR) of the usage of sedative-hypnotics in the agomelatine only-group was 0.910 (95% CI: 0.312-1.633, p = 0.520), in comparison to the controls. No matter as to whether the treatment duration was <30 days or ≧ 30 days of agomelatine treatment was not associated with the increased usage of the sedative-hypnotics. The OR or RR for usage of the sedative-hypnotics was associated with the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) scores as 2, 3, and ≧ 4, and the medical care from the medical center and regional hospital. CONCLUSION Patients with the agomelatine-only group were not associated with the usage of sedative-hypnotics in comparison to the group using other antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Chun Hsing
- Center for Healthcare Quality Management, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Health Care Management, College of Health Technology, National Taipei University of Nursing and Heath Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yo-Ting Jin
- Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tien-Yu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Keelung Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Brain Science, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Kao
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Song-Shan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
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27
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Chiou YE, Chien WC, Chung CH, Chang HA, Kao YC, Tsay PK, Tzeng NS. New Users of Herbal Medicine Containing Aristolochic Acids and the Risk of Dementia in the Elderly: A Nationwide, Population-Based Study in Taiwan. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:1493-1504. [PMID: 32606702 PMCID: PMC7297452 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s250659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Herbal medicine containing aristolochic acids (HMCAA) was used for inflammatory and infectious diseases. This study aimed to investigate the association between the usage of HMCAA and the risk of dementia. METHODS A total of 199 new users of HMCAA were enrolled, along with 597 controls without the usage of HMCAA, at a ratio of 1:3 - matched by age, sex, and comorbidity, between 2000 and 2003 - from the National Health Research Institutes Database (NHRID) of Taiwan, which contains two million randomly sampled subjects, in this cohort study. We used Fine and Gray's survival analysis (competing with mortality) to compare the risk of developing dementia during a 15-year follow-up period (2000-2015). RESULTS In general, HMCAA was not significantly associated with dementia (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR] = 0.861, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.484-1.532, p = 0.611) for the HMCAA-cohort, although differential risk was observed among the groups at risk. The patients with usage of HMCAA aged ≧ 85 years were associated with a higher risk in dementia (adjusted SHR: 6.243, 95% CI=1.258-21.084, p = 0.001), in comparison to those aged 50-54 years. Furthermore, the patients with usage of HMCAA that had cerebrovascular accidents were associated with an increased risk of dementia. CONCLUSION The usage of HMCAA was associated with the risk of developing dementia in the patients aged ≧ 85 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Er Chiou
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Wu-Chien Chien
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsiang Chung
- Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Taiwanese Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Association, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-An Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Kao
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Song-Shan Branch, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Kwei Tsay
- Department of Public Health and Center of Biostatistics, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Nian-Sheng Tzeng
- Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.,Student Counseling Center, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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