1
|
Ma M, Li Y, He Y, Li D, Niu H, Sun M, Miao X, Su Y, Zhang H, Hua M, Wang J. The Combination of Bacillus natto JLCC513 and Ginseng Soluble Dietary Fiber Attenuates Ulcerative Colitis by Modulating the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB Pathway and Gut Microbiota. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 34:1287-1298. [PMID: 38783703 PMCID: PMC11239422 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2402.02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that is currently difficult to treat effectively. Both Bacillus natto (BN) and ginseng-soluble dietary fiber (GSDF) are anti-inflammatory and helps sustain the intestinal barrier. In this study, the protective effects and mechanism of the combination of B. natto JLCC513 and ginseng-soluble dietary fiber (BG) in DSS-induced UC mice were investigated. Intervention with BG worked better than taking BN or GSDF separately, as evidenced by improved disease activity index, colon length, and colon injury and significantly reduced the levels of oxidative and inflammatory factors (LPS, ILs, and TNF-α) in UC mice. Further mechanistic study revealed that BG protected the intestinal barrier integrity by maintaining the tight junction proteins (Occludin and Claudin1) and inhibited the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway in UC mice. In addition, BG increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides and Turicibacter and reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria such as Allobaculum in the gut microbiota of UC mice. BG also significantly upregulated genes related to linoleic acid metabolism in the gut microbiota. These BG-induced changes in the gut microbiota of mice with UC were significantly correlated with changes in pathological indices. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that BG exerts protective effect against UC by regulating the LPS/TLR4/NF-κB pathway and the structure and metabolic function of gut microbiota. Thus, BG can be potentially used in intestinal health foods to treat UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Ma
- Agronomy of Food Science and Technology, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, P.R. China
- Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Yueqiao Li
- Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Yuguang He
- Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Da Li
- Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Honghong Niu
- Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Mubai Sun
- Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Miao
- Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Ying Su
- Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Agronomy of Food Science and Technology, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Mei Hua
- Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - Jinghui Wang
- Institute of Agro-product Process, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Science (Northeast Agricultural Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, Jilin, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sall I, Foxall R, Felth L, Maret S, Rosa Z, Gaur A, Calawa J, Pavlik N, Whistler JL, Whistler CA. Gut dysbiosis was inevitable, but tolerance was not: temporal responses of the murine microbiota that maintain its capacity for butyrate production correlate with sustained antinociception to chronic voluntary morphine. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.15.589671. [PMID: 38659831 PMCID: PMC11042308 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.15.589671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The therapeutic benefits of opioids are compromised by the development of analgesic tolerance, which necessitates higher dosing for pain management thereby increasing the liability for dependence and addiction. Rodent models indicate opposing roles of the gut microbiota in tolerance: morphine-induced gut dysbiosis exacerbates tolerance, whereas probiotics ameliorate tolerance. Not all individuals develop tolerance which could be influenced by differences in microbiota, and yet no study has capitalized upon this natural variation to identify specific features linked to tolerance. We leveraged this natural variation in a murine model of voluntary oral morphine self-administration to elucidate the mechanisms by which microbiota influences tolerance. Although all mice shared similar and predictive morphine-driven microbiota changes that largely masked informative associations with variability in tolerance, our high-resolution temporal analyses revealed a divergence in the progression of dysbiosis that best explained differences in the development in tolerance. Mice that did not develop tolerance also maintained a higher abundance of taxa capable of producing the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate, known to bolster intestinal barriers, suppress inflammation, and promote neuronal homeostasis. Furthermore, dietary butyrate supplementation significantly reduced the development of tolerance. These findings could inform immediate therapies to extend the analgesic efficacy of opioids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabella Sall
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
- Graduate program in Molecular and Evolutionary Systems Biology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Randi Foxall
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Lindsey Felth
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Soren Maret
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Zachary Rosa
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Anirudh Gaur
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Jennifer Calawa
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
- Microbiology Graduate Program, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Nadia Pavlik
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Whistler
- Center for Neuroscience, University of California–Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, UC Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Cheryl A. Whistler
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gan Q, Song G, Fang W, Wang Y, Qi W. Fructose dose-dependently influences colon barrier function by regulation of some main physical, immune, and biological factors in rats. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 126:109582. [PMID: 38242179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of fructose on colonic function. Here, forty-eight 7-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups and given 0, 7.5%, 12.75%, and 35% fructose in diet for 8 weeks respectively to investigate the regulatory influence of fructose on colonic barrier function. The exact amount of fructose intake was tracked and recorded. We showed that fructose affects colonic barrier function in a dose-dependent manner. High-fructose at a dose of 1.69±0.23 g/kg/day could damage the physical barrier function of the colon by down-regulating expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) and mucus layer biomarkers (MUC2 and TFF3). High fructose reduced sIgA and the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10), induced abdominal fat accumulation and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-8), leading to colon inflammation and immune barrier dysfunction. In addition, high-fructose altered the biological barrier of the colon by decreasing the abundance of Blautia, Ruminococcus, and Lactobacillius, and increasing the abundance of Allobaculum at the genus level, leading to a reduction in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), amino acids, and carbohydrates, etc. Low fructose at a dose of 0.31±0.05 g/kg/day showed no adverse effects on the colonic barrier. The ability of fructose to affect the colonic barrier through physical, immune, and biological pathways provides additional insight into the intestinal disorders caused by high-fructose diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianyun Gan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China;; Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Ge Song
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Wentao Qi
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China;; Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jiao L, Jin H, Song Z, Wang Z, Yu L, Yu R, Wang D, Gao Q, Peng S, Sun H, Zhang T, Wang XF, Liu Z. The effect of lentinan on dexamethasone-induced immunosuppression in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 264:130621. [PMID: 38447834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The immune system acts as a vital defense barrier against pathogenic invasions, and its stable operation is crucial for maintaining body health. Nevertheless, various natural or artificial factors can compromise the body's immune function, leading to immunosuppression, which may interfere with the efficacy of vaccination and increase the susceptibility of the body to disease-causing pathogens. In an effort to ensure successful vaccinations and improve overall physical well-being, the search for appropriate immune regulators to enhance immunity is of paramount importance. Lentinan (LNT) has a significant role in immune regulation and vaccine adjuvants. In the present study, we constructed an immunosuppressive model using dexamethasone (DEX) and demonstrated that LNT could significantly improved antibody levels in immunosuppressive mice and stimulated T-lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation in intestinal Peyer's patches. LNT also increased the production of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) in the duodenal fluid, the number of goblet cells, and the proportion of mucin area. Moreover, LNT modulated the intestinal microbiota and increased the production of short-chain fatty acids. Additionally, LNT promoted the proliferation, differentiation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines production of DEX-treated splenic T lymphocytes in vitro. Thus, the present study highlights the potential of LNT in reversing immunosuppression and avoiding the failure of vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Jiao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Haiyan Jin
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zuchen Song
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Lin Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Ruihong Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Qian Gao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Song Peng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bacteriology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, PR China
| | - Xue Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Henan Universty of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, PR China
| | - Zhenguang Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yamamoto M, Ogura H, Kuda T, Xia Y, Nakamura A, Takahashi H, Inoue J, Takayanagi S. Detection of typical indigenous gut bacteria related to kanpyo Lagenaria siceraria var. hispida powder in murine caecum and human faecal cultures. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:118. [PMID: 38524237 PMCID: PMC10959864 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03960-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Kanpyo (KP) is an edible dried product produced by peeling the fruit of the gourd Lagenaria siceraria var. hispida; it is used in the traditional Japanese cuisine. The health functionality of KP due to its rich dietary fibre is expected to include a possible combined effect of KP-responsive indigenous gut bacteria (KP-RIB). However, its effect on the gut microbiota is unclear. To determine the effects of the KP on the gut microbiota and their host, Institute of Cancer Research mice were fed a high-sucrose diet containing no fibre (NF) or 5% (w/w) KP for 14 days, and their caecal microbiota was analysed by 16S rRNA (V4) amplicon sequencing. Higher faecal frequency and weight and lower spleen weight and spleen tumour necrosis factor-α levels were observed in KP-fed mice than in NF-fed mice (p < 0.05). KP increased and decreased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid producer Lachnospiraceae and obesity-inflammation related Allobaculum species, respectively. In the case of human faecal cultures, stool samples from five healthy volunteers were inoculated and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h anaerobically; 3.2% (w/v) KP suppressed putrefactive compounds (indole, phenol, and ammonia). KP increased butyrate-producer Faecalibacterium, acetate/lactate-producer Bifidobacterium, and Lachnospira. Furthermore, KP cultures showed high antioxidant and RAW264.7 macrophage cell activation capacities. These results suggest that KP-RIB and KP intake may synergistically affect host health. However, further studies are required to clarify the synergistic effects of KP and KP-RIB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
| | - Hikaru Ogura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
| | - Takashi Kuda
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
| | - Yumeng Xia
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakamura
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
| | - Hajime Takahashi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477 Japan
| | - Junji Inoue
- AHJIKAN Co., Ltd., 7-3-9, Shoko Center, Nishiku, Hiroshima-City, Hiroshima, 733-8677 Japan
| | - Shu Takayanagi
- AHJIKAN Co., Ltd., 7-3-9, Shoko Center, Nishiku, Hiroshima-City, Hiroshima, 733-8677 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu J, Deng X, Sun Y, Li J, Dai H, Qi S, Huang Y, Sun W. Aged oolong tea alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites. Food Chem X 2024; 21:101102. [PMID: 38268839 PMCID: PMC10805651 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the mechanism of aged oolong tea (AOT) to alleviate colitis was investigated in terms of microbiome, metabolome, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). AOT storage period could alleviate colitis in mice and there were some differences in AOT between storage periods, especially AOT-10. AOT improves UC by modulating oxidative stress and inflammatory factors and upregulating intestinal tight junction protein expression (Occludin, Claudin-1, ZO-1 and MUC2), which is associated with the recovery of gut microbiota. FMT and targeted metabolomics further demonstrate that the anti-inflammatory effects of AOT can reshape the gut microbiota through faecal bacterial transfer. Anti-inflammatory effects are exerted through the stimulation of metabolic pathways associated with amino acid, fatty acid and bile acid metabolites. Importantly, the study identified key bacteria (e.g., Sutterella, Clostridiaceae_Clostridium, Mucispirillum, Oscillospira and Ruminococcus) for the development and remission of inflammation. Conclusively, AOT may have great potential in the future adjuvant treatment of colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wu
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yue Sun
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haomin Dai
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Siyu Qi
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Anxi College of Tea Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Weijiang Sun
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu H, Yuan M, Niu K, Yang W, Jiang M, Zhang L, Zhou J. Involvement of Bile Acid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota in the Amelioration of Experimental Metabolism-Associated Fatty Liver Disease by Nobiletin. Molecules 2024; 29:976. [PMID: 38474489 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a growing health problem worldwide, is one of the major risks for the development of cirrhosis and liver cancer. Oral administration of nobiletin (NOB), a natural citrus flavonoid, modulates the gut microbes and their metabolites in mice. In the present study, we established a mouse model of MAFLD by subjecting mice to a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. Throughout this timeframe, NOB was administered to investigate its potential benefits on gut microbial balance and bile acid (BA) metabolism using various techniques, including 16S rRNA sequencing, targeted metabolomics of BA, and biological assays. NOB effectively slowed the progression of MAFLD by reducing serum lipid levels, blood glucose levels, LPS levels, and hepatic IL-1β and TNF-α levels. Furthermore, NOB reinstated diversity within the gut microbial community, increasing the population of bacteria that produce bile salt hydrolase (BSH) to enhance BA excretion. By exploring further, we found NOB downregulated hepatic expression of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and its associated small heterodimer partner (SHP), and it increased the expression of downstream enzymes, including cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and cytochrome P450 27A1 (CYP27A1). This acceleration in cholesterol conversion within the liver contributes to mitigating MAFLD. The present findings underscore the significant role of NOB in regulating gut microbial balance and BA metabolism, revealing that long-term intake of NOB plays beneficial roles in the prevention or intervention of MAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Mingming Yuan
- Laboratory Animal Center Affiliate from Research Office, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kailin Niu
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center Affiliate from Research Office, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Maoyuan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Laboratory Animal Center Affiliate from Research Office, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Center Affiliate from Research Office, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Peng Z, Wang D, He Y, Wei Z, Xie M, Xiong T. Gut Distribution, Impact Factor, and Action Mechanism of Bacteriocin-Producing Beneficial Microbes as Promising Antimicrobial Agents in Gastrointestinal Infection. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10222-6. [PMID: 38319538 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) infection by intestinal pathogens poses great threats to human health, and the therapeutic use of antibiotics has reached a bottleneck due to drug resistance. The developments of antimicrobial peptides produced by beneficial bacteria have drawn attention by virtue of effective, safe, and not prone to developing resistance. Though bacteriocin as antimicrobial agent in gut infection has been intensively investigated and reviewed, reviews on that of bacteriocin-producing beneficial microbes are very rare. It is important to explicitly state the prospect of bacteriocin-producing microbes in prevention of gastrointestinal infection towards their application in host. This review discusses the potential of gut as an appropriate resource for mining targeted bacteriocin-producing microbes. Then, host-related factors affecting the bacteriocin production and activity of bacteriocin-producing microbes in the gut are summarized. Accordingly, the multiple mechanisms (direct inhibition and indirect inhibition) behind the preventive effects of bacteriocin-producing microbes on gut infection are discussed. Finally, we propose several targeted strategies for the manipulation of bacteriocin-producing beneficial microbes to improve their performance in antimicrobial outcomes. We anticipate an upcoming emergence of developments and applications of bacteriocin-producing beneficial microbes as antimicrobial agent in gut infection induced by pathogenic bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Peng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Donglin Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuyan He
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ziqi Wei
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
- International Institute of Food Innovation Co., Ltd., Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gilliland A, Chan JJ, De Wolfe TJ, Yang H, Vallance BA. Pathobionts in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Origins, Underlying Mechanisms, and Implications for Clinical Care. Gastroenterology 2024; 166:44-58. [PMID: 37734419 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2023.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of both forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Although evidence suggests dysbiosis and loss of beneficial microbial species can exacerbate IBD, many new studies have identified microbes with pathogenic qualities, termed "pathobionts," within the intestines of patients with IBD. The concept of pathobionts initiating or driving the chronicity of IBD has largely focused on the putative aggravating role that adherent invasive Escherichia coli may play in CD. However, recent studies have identified additional bacterial and fungal pathobionts in patients with CD and UC. This review will highlight the characteristics of these pathobionts and their implications for IBD treatment. Beyond exploring the origins of pathobionts, we discuss those associated with specific clinical features and the potential mechanisms involved, such as creeping fat (Clostridium innocuum) and impaired wound healing (Debaryomyces hansenii) in patients with CD as well as the increased fecal proteolytic activity (Bacteroides vulgatus) seen as a biomarker for UC severity. Finally, we examine the potential impact of pathobionts on current IBD therapies, and several new approaches to target pathobionts currently in the early stages of development. Despite recognizing that pathobionts likely contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD, more work is needed to define their modes of action. Determining whether causal relationships exist between pathobionts and specific disease characteristics could pave the way for improved care for patients, particularly for those not responding to current IBD therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Gilliland
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jocelyn J Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Travis J De Wolfe
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hyungjun Yang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Bruce A Vallance
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kuang H, Yang Y, Luo H, Lv X. The impact of three carbapenems at a single-day dose on intestinal colonization resistance against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. mSphere 2023; 8:e0047923. [PMID: 38009993 PMCID: PMC10732052 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00479-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The intestinal colonization of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is an important source of clinical infection. Our research showed that even single-day dose use of carbapenems caused CRKP colonization and continuous bacterial shedding, which reminds clinical doctors to prescribe carbapenems cautiously. Whenever possible, ertapenem should be the preferred choice over other carbapenems especially when the identified or highly suspected pathogens can be effectively targeted by ertapenem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Kuang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Huan Luo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
- Center for Pathogen Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoju Lv
- Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Division of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yan H, Liang X, Luo H, Tang X, Xiao X. Association between gut microbiota, microbial network, and immunity in pregnancy with a focus on specific bacterial clusters. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1314257. [PMID: 38156011 PMCID: PMC10753819 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1314257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The community characteristics of the gut microbiota are not well defined and are not as widely studied as the functions of individual bacteria. This study aims to investigate the community composition of intestinal flora in women of childbearing age by conducting cluster analysis of gut microbiota and analyzing the relationship between different clusters and immune status. Methods A total of 45 women of childbearing age were recruited in the study, including 15 non-pregnant women and 30 women in late pregnancy, and stool samples were collected twice during the third trimester, specifically at 32 weeks and at full term. The gut microbiota data was analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Partitioning Around Medoids algorithm was employed to assess microbial clustering patterns. Microbial network for each cluster was performed and plasm cytokines were measured to analyze the relationship between specific genera and immune state in clusters. Results There were three distinct clusters of intestinal community composition in women of childbearing age. Cluster 1 (PAM_1) was characterized by a high abundance of Bacteroides, while cluster 2 (PAM_2) showed higher levels of Bifidobacterium and Blautia, along with a significantly increased Firmicutes to Bacteroidota ratio. Cluster 3 (PAM_3) displayed a high abundance of Escherichia-shigella. PAM_1 was the most dominant cluster in non-pregnant women, and this dominant cluster was also one of the main in late pregnancy. At full term, the majority of subjects retained the same cluster as at 32 weeks, while a few experienced a shift. The microbial correlation networks differed across the three clusters, with PAM_1 exhibiting higher modularity and fewer connections. Analysis of the correlation between genera and plasma cytokines showed significant differences in their associations with cytokines between pregnancy and nonpregnancy within the same cluster, and the same genera had different effects in different clusters. Conclusion Women of childbearing age exhibit three distribution patterns of gut microbiota, and the intestinal clusters reshaped during late pregnancy in a small population. Different clusters may have diverse immunomodulatory effects in different physiological states. When studying the gut microbiome during pregnancy, it is crucial to consider the cluster differences within healthy women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyuan Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huijuan Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomei Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Han G, Vaishnava S. Microbial underdogs: exploring the significance of low-abundance commensals in host-microbe interactions. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2498-2507. [PMID: 38036729 PMCID: PMC10767002 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of host-microbe interactions has broadened through numerous studies over the past decades. However, most investigations primarily focus on the dominant members within ecosystems while neglecting low-abundance microorganisms. Moreover, laboratory animals usually do not have microorganisms beyond bacteria. The phenotypes observed in laboratory animals, including the immune system, have displayed notable discrepancies when compared to real-world observations due to the diverse microbial community in natural environments. Interestingly, recent studies have unveiled the beneficial roles played by low-abundance microorganisms. Despite their rarity, these keystone taxa play a pivotal role in shaping the microbial composition and fulfilling specific functions in the host. Consequently, understanding low-abundance microorganisms has become imperative to unravel true commensalism. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of important findings on how low-abundance commensal microorganisms, including low-abundance bacteria, fungi, archaea, and protozoa, interact with the host and contribute to host phenotypes, with emphasis on the immune system. Indeed, low-abundance microorganisms play vital roles in the development of the host's immune system, influence disease status, and play a key role in shaping microbial communities in specific niches. Understanding the roles of low-abundance microbes is important and will lead to a better understanding of the true host-microbe relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geongoo Han
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Shipra Vaishnava
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li H, Liu C, Huang S, Wang X, Cao M, Gu T, Ou X, Pan S, Lin Z, Wang X, Zhu Y, Jing J. Multi-omics analyses demonstrate the modulating role of gut microbiota on the associations of unbalanced dietary intake with gastrointestinal symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2281350. [PMID: 38010793 PMCID: PMC10730204 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2281350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work revealed that unbalanced dietary intake was an important independent factor associated with constipation and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Growing evidence has shown the alterations in the gut microbiota and gut microbiota-derived metabolites in ASD. However, how the altered microbiota might affect the associations between unbalanced diets and GI symptoms in ASD remains unknown. We analyzed microbiome and metabolomics data in 90 ASD and 90 typically developing (TD) children based on 16S rRNA and untargeted metabolomics, together with dietary intake and GI symptoms assessment. We found that there existed 11 altered gut microbiota (FDR-corrected P-value <0.05) and 397 altered metabolites (P-value <0.05) in children with ASD compared with TD children. Among the 11 altered microbiota, the Turicibacter, Coprococcus 1, and Lachnospiraceae FCS020 group were positively correlated with constipation (FDR-corrected P-value <0.25). The Eggerthellaceae was positively correlated with total GI symptoms (FDR-corrected P-value <0.25). More importantly, three increased microbiota including Turicibacter, Coprococcus 1, and Eggerthellaceae positively modulated the associations of unbalanced dietary intake with constipation and total GI symptoms, and the decreased Clostridium sp. BR31 negatively modulated their associations in ASD children (P-value <0.05). Together, the altered microbiota strengthens the relationship between unbalanced dietary intake and GI symptoms. Among the altered metabolites, ten metabolites derived from microbiota (Turicibacter, Coprococcus 1, Eggerthellaceae, and Clostridium sp. BR31) were screened out, enriched in eight metabolic pathways, and were identified to correlate with constipation and total GI symptoms in ASD children (FDR-corrected P-value <0.25). These metabolomics findings further support the modulating role of gut microbiota on the associations of unbalanced dietary intake with GI symptoms. Collectively, our research provides insights into the relationship between diet, the gut microbiota, and GI symptoms in children with ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailin Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Churui Liu
- School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Saijun Huang
- Department of Child Healthcare, Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Science, Ministry of Education, Institute for Brain Research and Rehabilitation, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Muqing Cao
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingfeng Gu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ou
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuolin Pan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zongyu Lin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaotong Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jin Jing
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tang JL, Zhao MC, Chen H, Zhao BE, Wang YY, Guo YC, Wang TT, Cheng X, Ruan HR, Zhang JT, Wang HB. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GL001 alleviates jejunal oxidative damage induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by influencing jejunal tissue metabolism through the improvement of jejunal microbial composition. Life Sci 2023; 334:122234. [PMID: 37931744 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR) injury is associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, yet its precise mechanisms remain not fully understood. IIR injury is closely linked to the gut microbiota and its metabolites. The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum are specific to IIR. In our study, we conducted a 30-day pre-treatment of SD rats with both a standard strain of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GL001. After a 7-day cessation of treatment, we induced an IIR injury model to investigate the mechanisms by which Lactiplantibacillus plantarum alleviates IIR damage. The results demonstrate that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum effectively mitigates the inflammatory and oxidative stress damage induced by IIR. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GL001 can improve the gut microbiota by reducing the abundance of harmful bacteria and increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria. In IIR intestinal tissue, the levels of secondary bile acids are elevated. The content of the bacterial metabolite Calcimycin increases. Annotations of metabolic pathways suggest that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GL001 can alleviate IIR damage by modulating calcium-phosphorus homeostasis through the regulation of parathyroid hormone synthesis, secretion, and action. Microbiota-metabolite correlation analysis reveals a significant negative correlation between calcimycin and Lactonacillus and a significant positive correlation between calcimycin and Shigella. There is also a significant positive correlation between calcimycin and secondary bile acids. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GL001 can alleviate oxidative damage induced by IIR through improvements in gut microbiota and intestinal tissue metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Lang Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China
| | - Ming-Chao Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China
| | - Bing-Er Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China
| | - Ying-Ying Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China
| | - Ying-Chao Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China
| | - Tian-Tian Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China
| | - Hong-Ri Ruan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China
| | - Jian-Tao Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China
| | - Hong-Bin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150030, China; Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gronke K, Nguyen M, Santamaria N, Schumacher J, Yang Y, Sonnert N, Leopold S, Martin AL, Hallet R, Richter K, Schubert DA, Daniel GM, Dylus D, Forkel M, Vieira SM, Schwinge D, Schramm C, Lassen KG, Piali L, Palm NW, Bieniossek C, Kriegel MA. Human Th17- and IgG3-associated autoimmunity induced by a translocating gut pathobiont. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.29.546430. [PMID: 37425769 PMCID: PMC10327010 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.29.546430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Extraintestinal autoimmune diseases are multifactorial with translocating gut pathobionts implicated as instigators and perpetuators in mice. However, the microbial contributions to autoimmunity in humans remain largely unclear, including whether specific pathological human adaptive immune responses are triggered by such pathobionts. We show here that the translocating pathobiont Enterococcus gallinarum induces human IFNγ + Th17 differentiation and IgG3 subclass switch of anti- E. gallinarum RNA and correlating anti-human RNA autoantibody responses in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune hepatitis. Human Th17 induction by E. gallinarum is cell-contact dependent and involves TLR8-mediated human monocyte activation. In murine gnotobiotic lupus models, E. gallinarum translocation triggers IgG3 anti-RNA autoantibody titers that correlate with renal autoimmune pathophysiology and with disease activity in patients. Overall, we define cellular mechanisms of how a translocating pathobiont induces human T- and B-cell-dependent autoimmune responses, providing a framework for developing host- and microbiota-derived biomarkers and targeted therapies in extraintestinal autoimmune diseases. One Sentence Summary Translocating pathobiont Enterococcus gallinarum promotes human Th17 and IgG3 autoantibody responses linked to disease activity in autoimmune patients.
Collapse
|
16
|
Wan X, Yang Q, Wang X, Bai Y, Liu Z. Isolation and Cultivation of Human Gut Microorganisms: A Review. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11041080. [PMID: 37110502 PMCID: PMC10141110 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11041080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial resources from the human gut may find use in various applications, such as empirical research on the microbiome, the development of probiotic products, and bacteriotherapy. Due to the development of "culturomics", the number of pure bacterial cultures obtained from the human gut has significantly increased since 2012. However, there is still a considerable number of human gut microbes to be isolated and cultured. Thus, to improve the efficiency of obtaining microbial resources from the human gut, some constraints of the current methods, such as labor burden, culture condition, and microbial targetability, still need to be optimized. Here, we overview the general knowledge and recent development of culturomics for human gut microorganisms. Furthermore, we discuss the optimization of several parts of culturomics including sample collection, sample processing, isolation, and cultivation, which may improve the current strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuchun Wan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qianqian Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xiangfeng Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yun Bai
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Jian H, Liu Y, Wang X, Dong X, Zou X. Akkermansia muciniphila as a Next-Generation Probiotic in Modulating Human Metabolic Homeostasis and Disease Progression: A Role Mediated by Gut-Liver-Brain Axes? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043900. [PMID: 36835309 PMCID: PMC9959343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Appreciation of the importance of Akkermansia muciniphila is growing, and it is becoming increasingly relevant to identify preventive and/or therapeutic solutions targeting gut-liver-brain axes for multiple diseases via Akkermansia muciniphila. In recent years, Akkermansia muciniphila and its components such as outer membrane proteins and extracellular vesicles have been known to ameliorate host metabolic health and intestinal homeostasis. However, the impacts of Akkermansia muciniphila on host health and disease are complex, as both potentially beneficial and adverse effects are mediated by Akkermansia muciniphila and its derivatives, and in some cases, these effects are dependent upon the host physiology microenvironment and the forms, genotypes, and strain sources of Akkermansia muciniphila. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the current knowledge of how Akkermansia muciniphila interacts with the host and influences host metabolic homeostasis and disease progression. Details of Akkermansia muciniphila will be discussed including its biological and genetic characteristics; biological functions including anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, anti-metabolic-syndrome, anti-inflammation, anti-aging, anti-neurodegenerative disease, and anti-cancer therapy functions; and strategies to elevate its abundance. Key events will be referred to in some specific disease states, and this knowledge should facilitate the identification of Akkermansia muciniphila-based probiotic therapy targeting multiple diseases via gut-liver-brain axes.
Collapse
|
18
|
Fructose Stimulated Colonic Arginine and Proline Metabolism Dysbiosis, Altered Microbiota and Aggravated Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction in DSS-Induced Colitis Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15030782. [PMID: 36771488 PMCID: PMC9921751 DOI: 10.3390/nu15030782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota and their metabolites is linked to the occurrence and development of metabolic syndrome. Although fructose has been proven to be associated with worsened mucus in the colon, its mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the relatively low intake of sucrose and fructose in the experimental colitis of Sprague Dawley rats by investigating the microbiome and metabolome. Results showed that sucrose and fructose significantly reduced body weight, colon length and increased inflammation infiltration in colon. Sucrose and fructose worsen colon functions by inhibiting the expression of tight junction (TJ) protein ZO-1 and increasing the level of lipopolysaccharide neoandrographolide (LPS) in plasma, while fructose was more significant. Furthermore, sucrose and fructose significantly changed the composition of gut microbiota characterized by decreasing Adlercreutzia, Leuconostoc, Lactococcus and Oscillospira and increasing Allobaculum and Holdemania along with reducing histidine, phenylalanine, arginine, glycine, aspartic acid, serine, methionine valine, alanine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, proline, citrulline, 4-hydroxyproline and gamma amino butyric acid (GABA). Metabolome results showed that fructose may aggravate experimental colitis symptoms by inducing amino metabolism dysbiosis in the colon. These findings suggested that fructose worsened colitis by manipulating the crosstalk between gut microbiota and their metabolites.
Collapse
|
19
|
Pereira MS, Kriegel MA. Evolving concepts of host-pathobiont interactions in autoimmunity. Curr Opin Immunol 2023; 80:102265. [PMID: 36444784 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2022.102265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases are complex, multifactorial diseases with a polygenic trait and diverse environmental factors that contribute to triggering and exacerbating each disorder. The human microbiome is increasingly implicated in the multistep pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. We summarize here the latest developments in the field of how the microbiota interacts with the host on a cellular and molecular level. We review how pathobionts evolve within the gut of autoimmune-prone hosts to translocate to secondary lymphoid tissues. On mucosal sites and in non-gut tissues, pathobionts trigger autoimmune pathways through various mechanisms, including cross-reactivity with autoantigens and secretion of metabolites that alter immune functions. A better understanding of these mechanisms will hasten the development of unconventional therapeutic approaches for autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Márcia S Pereira
- Department of Translational Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin A Kriegel
- Department of Translational Rheumatology and Immunology, Institute of Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; Section of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine D, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Melamed J, LeBlanc G, Constantinides MG. Gut microbiota gestalt. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:899-901. [PMID: 35834958 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenicity of disease-associated microbes varies widely between individuals. In this issue of Cell Host & Microbe, Rice et al. demonstrate that interactions between intestinal commensals reciprocally modulate the host immune response to each microbe, ameliorating the inflammation caused by one and dampening antibody responses to the other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Melamed
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gabrielle LeBlanc
- Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Scripps Research, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Resistance is futile? Mucosal immune mechanisms in the context of microbial ecology and evolution. Mucosal Immunol 2022; 15:1188-1198. [PMID: 36329192 PMCID: PMC9705250 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-022-00574-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In the beginning it was simple: we injected a protein antigen and studied the immune responses against the purified protein. This elegant toolbox uncovered thousands of mechanisms via which immune cells are activated. However, when we consider immune responses against real infectious threats, this elegant simplification misses half of the story: the infectious agents are typically evolving orders-of-magnitude faster than we are. Nowhere is this more pronounced than in the mammalian large intestine. A bacterium representing only 0.1% of the human gut microbiota will have a population size of 109 clones, each actively replicating. Moreover, the evolutionary pressure from other microbes is at least as profound as direct effects of the immune system. Therefore, to really understand intestinal immune mechanisms, we need to understand both the host response and how rapid microbial evolution alters the apparent outcome of the response. In this review we use the examples of intestinal inflammation and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) to highlight what is already known (Fig. 1). Further, we will explore how these interactions can inform immunotherapy and prophylaxis. This has major implications for how we design effective mucosal vaccines against increasingly drug-resistant bacterial pathogens Fig. 1 THE IMMUNE RESPONSE SHAPES THE FITNESS LANDSCAPE IN THE GASTRO-INTESTINAL TRACT.: The red arrows depict possible evolutionary paths of a novel colonizer along adaptive peaks in the intestinal fitness landscapes that change with the status of the host immune system. The flat surfaces represent the non-null fitness baselines (values x or y) at which a bacterium can establish at minimum carrying capacity. a In the healthy gut, metabolic competence, resistance to aggressions by competitors and predators, swift adaptation to rapid fluctuations as well as surviving acidic pH and the flow of the intestinal content, represent potent selective pressures and as many opportunities for bacteria to increase fitness by phenotypic or genetic variations. b When pathogens trigger acute inflammation, bacteria must adapt to iron starvation, killing by immune cells and antimicrobial peptides, and oxidative stress, while new metabolic opportunities emerge. c When high-affinity SIgA are produced against a bacterium, e.g., after oral vaccination, escape of SIgA by altering or losing surface epitopes becomes crucial for maximum fitness. However, escaping polyvalent SIgA responses after vaccination with "evolutionary trap" vaccines leads to evolutionary trade-offs: A fitness maximum is reached in the vaccinated host gut that represents a major disadvantage for transmission into naïve hosts (fitness diminished below x) (d).
Collapse
|